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Journal articles on the topic 'Anthocyanes – Synthèse'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 17 February 2022

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1

Roustan, Jean-Paul, and Jean Fallot. "Evaluation précoce in vitro de la richesse en anthocyanes des baies de vigne. Application a la sélection de somaclones de Vitis vinifera cv. Duras." OENO One 27, no. 3 (1993): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.1993.27.3.1169.

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<p style="text-align: justify;">L'objectif de cette note est de développer un test physiologique <em>in vitro</em>, fondé sur la capacité de synthèse d'anthocyanes des tissus foliaires de vitroplants cultivés <em>in vitro</em>. La stratégie repose sur l'existence d'une variabilité marquée de la richesse des baies en anthocyanes chez diverses variétés de Gamay.</p>

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2

Stommel*, John R., and Robert J. Griesbach. "Differential Expression of Capsicum Anthocyanin Structural Genes in Response to Temperature Stress." HortScience 39, no. 4 (2004): 867D—868. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.39.4.867d.

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Anthocyanins contribute to color development in economically important vegetables, fruits and floral crops. Their expression is critical to product sensory quality attributes, potential nutritive value, and stress response. Anthocyanins are synthesized in response to numerous environmental factors including temperature and light stress and pathogen attack. We have developed several Capsicum lines, including `02C27', expressing anthocyanin pigmentation differentially in various tissues (leaf, stem, fruit and flower). HPLC analysis demonstrated that the anthocyanins within the fruit, flower and

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3

Li, GuoLiang, Zhaomiao Lin, Hong Zhang, et al. "Anthocyanin Accumulation in the Leaves of the Purple Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) Cultivars." Molecules 24, no. 20 (2019): 3743. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24203743.

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Sweet potato anthocyanins are water-soluble pigments with many physiological functions. Previous research on anthocyanin accumulation in sweet potato has focused on the roots, but the accumulation progress in the leaves is still unclear. Two purple sweet potato cultivars (Fushu No. 23 and Fushu No. 317) with large quantities of anthocyanin in the leaves were investigated. Anthocyanin composition and content were assessed with ultra-performance liquid chromatography diode-array detection (UPLC-DAD) and ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTO

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4

Zhou, Bo, Shu Hua Yan, and Yu Hua Li. "Expression of Anthocyanin Biosynthetic Genes during Fruit Development in ‘Fengxiang’ Strawberry." Advanced Materials Research 455-456 (January 2012): 443–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.455-456.443.

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Anthocyanins are the main pigments in flowers and fruits. In most cases, anthocyanin accumulation in fruit is highly controlled by the developmental level. In this study, the cDNA fragments of three genes, chalcone synthase (CHS), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), and anthocyanidin synthase (ANS), which are involved in the flavonoid pathway, were isolated from total RNA of strawberry ripe fruit by using polymerase chain reaction technique and labeled as probes to determine the expression of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes. Northern analysis showed that a correlation between anthocyanin accumul

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Zhang, Lisha, Xiaomei Sun, Iain W. Wilson, Fenjuan Shao, and Deyou Qiu. "Identification of the Genes Involved in Anthocyanin Biosynthesis and Accumulation in Taxus chinensis." Genes 10, no. 12 (2019): 982. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10120982.

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Taxus chinensis is a precious woody species with significant economic value. Anthocyanin as flavonoid derivatives plays a crucial role in plant biology and human health. However, the genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis have not been identified in T. chinensis. In this study, twenty-five genes involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis were identified, including chalcone synthase, chalcone isomerase, flavanone 3-hydroxylase, anthocyanidin synthase, flavonoid 3’-hydroxylase, flavonoid 3’,5’-hydroxylase, dihydroflavonol 4-reductase, anthocyanidin reductase, and leucoanthocyanidin reductase. The

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Zhuang, Hongmei, Qian Lou, Huifang Liu, et al. "Differential Regulation of Anthocyanins in Green and Purple Turnips Revealed by Combined De Novo Transcriptome and Metabolome Analysis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 18 (2019): 4387. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20184387.

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Purple turnip Brassica rapa ssp. rapa is highly appreciated by consumers but the metabolites and molecular mechanisms underlying the root skin pigmentation remain open to study. Herein, we analyzed the anthocyanin composition in purple turnip (PT) and green turnip (GT) at five developmental stages. A total of 21 anthocyanins were detected and classified into the six major anthocynanin aglycones. Distinctly, PT contains 20 times higher levels of anthocyanins than GT, which explain the difference in the root skin pigmentation. We further sequenced the transcriptomes and analyzed the differential

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Horie, Kayo, Naoki Nanashima, and Hayato Maeda. "Phytoestrogenic Effects of Blackcurrant Anthocyanins Increased Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) Expression in Human Endothelial Cells and Ovariectomized Rats." Molecules 24, no. 7 (2019): 1259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24071259.

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Phytoestrogens are plant-derived chemicals that are found in many foods and have estrogenic activity. We previously showed that blackcurrant extract (BCE) and anthocyanins have phytoestrogenic activity mediated via estrogen receptors (ERs), and anthocyanins may improve vascular function. BCE contains high levels of anthocyanins, but their health-promoting effects are unclear. This study examined the effects of BCE on the regulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression and nitric oxide (NO) synthesis in human endothelial cells as key regulators in cardiovascular disease. The r

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Zhang, Xinpeng, Zongda Xu, Xiaoyan Yu, et al. "Identification of Two Novel R2R3-MYB Transcription factors, PsMYB114L and PsMYB12L, Related to Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Paeonia suffruticosa." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 5 (2019): 1055. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20051055.

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Flower color is a charming phenotype with very important ornamental and commercial values. Anthocyanins play a critical role in determining flower color pattern formation, and their biosynthesis is typically regulated by R2R3-MYB transcription factors (TFs). Paeonia suffruticosa is a famous ornamental plant with colorful flowers. However, little is known about the R2R3-MYB TFs that regulate anthocyanin accumulation in P. suffruticosa. In the present study, two R2R3-MYB TFs, namely, PsMYB114L and PsMYB12L, were isolated from the petals of P. suffruticosa ‘Shima Nishiki’ and functionally charact

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Stich, K., T. Eidenberger, F. Wurst, and G. Forkmann. "Flavonol Synthase Activity and the Regulation of Flavonol and Anthocyanin Biosynthesis during Flower Development in Dianthus caryophyllus L. (Carnation)." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 47, no. 7-8 (1992): 553–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-1992-7-811.

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Flavonol synthase (FLS) was demonstrated in crude extracts from flower buds of Dianthus caryophyllus (carnation). The enzyme catalyzed the conversion of dihydrokaempferol and ihydroquercetin to kaempferol and quercetin, respectively. The reaction required 2-oxoglutarate, ferrous ion and ascorbate as co-factors and had a pH optimum at about 7.4. The demonstration of FLS activity allowed comparative studies on flavonol and anthocyanin biosynthesis during bud and flower development. Besides FLS the flavonoid enzymes chalcone synthase (CHS), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (FH T) and dihydroflavonol 4-red

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10

Gambino, Giorgio, Paolo Boccacci, Chiara Pagliarani, et al. "Secondary Metabolism and Defense Responses Are Differently Regulated in Two Grapevine Cultivars during Ripening." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 6 (2021): 3045. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22063045.

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Vitis vinifera ‘Nebbiolo’ is one of the most important wine grape cultivars used to produce prestigious high-quality wines known throughout the world, such as Barolo and Barbaresco. ‘Nebbiolo’ is a distinctive genotype characterized by medium/high vigor, long vegetative and ripening cycles, and limited berry skin color rich in 3′-hydroxylated anthocyanins. To investigate the molecular basis of these characteristics, ‘Nebbiolo’ berries collected at three different stages of ripening (berry pea size, véraison, and harvest) were compared with V. vinifera ‘Barbera’ berries, which are rich in 3′,5′

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11

Tanaka, Yoshikazu, and Filippa Brugliera. "Flower colour and cytochromes P450." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 368, no. 1612 (2013): 20120432. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2012.0432.

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Cytochromes P450 play important roles in biosynthesis of flavonoids and their coloured class of compounds, anthocyanins, both of which are major floral pigments. The number of hydroxyl groups on the B-ring of anthocyanidins (the chromophores and precursors of anthocyanins) impact the anthocyanin colour, the more the bluer. The hydroxylation pattern is determined by two cytochromes P450, flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase (F3′H) and flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase (F3′5′H) and thus they play a crucial role in the determination of flower colour. F3′H and F3′5′H mostly belong to CYP75B and CYP75A, respectively

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12

Markovics, Arnold, Attila Biró, Andrea Kun-Nemes, et al. "Effect of Anthocyanin-Rich Extract of Sour Cherry for Hyperglycemia-Induced Inflammatory Response and Impaired Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation." Nutrients 12, no. 11 (2020): 3373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12113373.

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Diabetes mellitus (DM)-related morbidity and mortality are steadily rising worldwide, affecting about half a billion people worldwide. A significant proportion of diabetic cases are in the elderly, which is concerning given the increasing aging population. Proper nutrition is an important component in the effective management of diabetes in the elderly. A plethora of active substances of plant origin exhibit potency to target the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. The nutraceutical and pharmaceutical effects of anthocyanins have been extensively studied. In this study, the effect of Hungarian

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Farrell, Nicholas J., Gregory H. Norris, Julia Ryan, Caitlin M. Porter, Christina Jiang, and Christopher N. Blesso. "Black elderberry extract attenuates inflammation and metabolic dysfunction in diet-induced obese mice." British Journal of Nutrition 114, no. 8 (2015): 1123–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515002962.

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AbstractDietary anthocyanins have been shown to reduce inflammation in animal models and may ameliorate obesity-related complications. Black elderberry is one of the richest sources of anthocyanins. We investigated the metabolic effects of anthocyanin-rich black elderberry extract (BEE) in a diet-induced obese C57BL/6J mouse model. Mice were fed either a low-fat diet (n 8), high-fat lard-based diet (HFD; n 16), HFD+0·25 % (w/w) BEE (0·25 %-BEE; n 16) or HFD+1·25 % BEE (1·25 %-BEE; n 16) for 16 weeks. The 0·25 % BEE (0·034 % anthocyanin, w/w) and 1·25 % BEE (0·17 % anthocyanin, w/w) diets corre

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14

Huang, Wuyang, Ruth Paulina Hutabarat, Zhi Chai, Tiesong Zheng, Weimin Zhang, and Dajing Li. "Antioxidant Blueberry Anthocyanins Induce Vasodilation via PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway in High-Glucose-Induced Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 5 (2020): 1575. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21051575.

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Blueberries are rich in antioxidant anthocyanins. The hypotensive effects of blueberry anthocyanins in endothelial cells was investigated here. Pretreatment with blueberry anthocyanin extract, malvidin, malvidin-3-glucoside, and malvidin-3-galactoside significantly ameliorated high-glucose-induced damage by enhancing endogenous antioxidant superoxide dismutase (SOD) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), lowering reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and NADPH oxidase isoform 4 (NOX4) expression, and increasing the cell vitalities. They also effectively induced a vasodilatory effect by increasing the

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15

Kiselev, Konstantin V., Andrey R. Suprun, Olga A. Aleynova, Zlata V. Ogneva, Alexander V. Kalachev, and Alexandra S. Dubrovina. "External dsRNA Downregulates Anthocyanin Biosynthesis-Related Genes and Affects Anthocyanin Accumulation in Arabidopsis thaliana." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 13 (2021): 6749. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22136749.

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Exogenous application of double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) and small-interfering RNAs (siRNAs) to plant surfaces has emerged as a promising method for regulation of essential genes in plant pathogens and for plant disease protection. Yet, regulation of plant endogenous genes via external RNA treatments has not been sufficiently investigated. In this study, we targeted the genes of chalcone synthase (CHS), the key enzyme in the flavonoid/anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway, and two transcriptional factors, MYBL2 and ANAC032, negatively regulating anthocyanin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. Direct foliar

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16

Yu, Zhenming, Yinyin Liao, Jaime Teixeira da Silva, Ziyin Yang, and Jun Duan. "Differential Accumulation of Anthocyanins in Dendrobium officinale Stems with Red and Green Peels." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 19, no. 10 (2018): 2857. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms19102857.

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Dendrobium officinale stems, including red and green stems, are widely used as a dietary supplement to develop nutraceutical beverages and food products. However, there is no detailed information on pigment composition of red and green stems. Here, we investigated the content and composition of pigments in red and green stems by Ultra-performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and assessed the differential accumulation of anthocyanins at the molecular level. The color of peels in red stems was caused by the presence of anthocyanins in epidermal cells unlike t

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17

Cui, Xueqiang, Jieling Deng, Changyan Huang, et al. "Transcriptomic Analysis of the Anthocyanin Biosynthetic Pathway Reveals the Molecular Mechanism Associated with Purple Color Formation in Dendrobium Nestor." Life 11, no. 2 (2021): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11020113.

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Dendrobium nestor is a famous orchid species in the Orchidaceae family. There is a diversity of flower colorations in the Dendrobium species, but knowledge of the genes involved and molecular mechanism underlying the flower color formation in D. nestor is less studied. Therefore, we performed transcriptome profiling using Illumina sequencing to facilitate thorough studies of the purple color formation in petal samples collected at three developmental stages, namely—flower bud stage (F), half bloom stage (H), and full bloom stage (B) in D. nestor. In addition, we identified key genes and their

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18

Li, Wei, Liqiang Tan, Yao Zou, et al. "The Effects of Ultraviolet A/B Treatments on Anthocyanin Accumulation and Gene Expression in Dark-Purple Tea Cultivar ‘Ziyan’ (Camellia sinensis)." Molecules 25, no. 2 (2020): 354. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25020354.

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‘Ziyan’ is a novel anthocyanin-rich tea cultivar with dark purple young shoots. However, how its anthocyanin accumulation is affected by environmental factors, such as ultraviolet (UV), remains unclear. In this study, we observed that UV light treatments stimulated anthocyanin accumulation in ‘Ziyan’ leaves, and we further analyzed the underlying mechanisms at gene expression and enzyme activity levels. In addition, the catechins and chlorophyll contents of young shoots under different light treatments were also changed. The results showed that the contents of total anthocyanins and three majo

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Li, Hongyan, Jingling Liu, Tianlin Pei, Zhenqing Bai, Ruilian Han, and Zongsuo Liang. "Overexpression of SmANS Enhances Anthocyanin Accumulation and Alters Phenolic Acids Content in Salvia miltiorrhiza and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge f. alba Plantlets." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 9 (2019): 2225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20092225.

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Flavonoids play multiple roles in plant coloration and stress resistance and are closely associated with human health. Flavonoids and non-flavonoids (such as phenolic acids) are produced via the phenylpropanoid-derived pathway. Anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) catalyzes the synthesis of anthocyanins from leucoanthocyanidin in the flavonoids branched pathway. In this study, SmANS from Salvia miltiorrhiza was cloned and mainly localized in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), plastids, Golgi, plasma membrane, and nucleus of tobacco epidermal cells, and was most highly expressed in purple petals in S. mil

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Kiseleva, T. N., T. V. Sudovskaya, M. S. Zaitsev, and K. V. Lugovkina. "The Effect of Anthocyanins on Microcirculation and Retrobulbar Blood Flow in Ocular Pathology." Ophthalmology in Russia 16, no. 3 (2019): 360–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18008/1816-5095-2019-3-360-365.

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The literature review presents information on positive effects of anthocyanins on functional indices of cardiovascular system, vascular reactivity of main arteries, microcirculation and retrobulbar blood flow. The positive effect of anthocyanins on the reactivity of main arteries was detected using non-invasive ultrasound method for assessment of flow-mediated dilation andendothelial function. Numerous randomised-controlled trials showed the effectiveness of the long-term supplementation with anthocyanins (during 6–24 months) in correction of microcirculation impairment and functional indices

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Yan, Yajun, Joseph Chemler, Lixuan Huang, Stefan Martens, and Mattheos A. G. Koffas. "Metabolic Engineering of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Escherichia coli." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 71, no. 7 (2005): 3617–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.71.7.3617-3623.2005.

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ABSTRACT Anthocyanins are red, purple, or blue plant pigments that belong to the family of polyphenolic compounds collectively called flavonoids. Their demonstrated antioxidant properties and economic importance to the dye, fruit, and cut-flower industries have driven intensive research into their metabolic biosynthetic pathways. In order to produce stable, glycosylated anthocyanins from colorless flavanones such as naringenin and eriodictyol, a four-step metabolic pathway was constructed that contained plant genes from heterologous origins: flavanone 3β-hydroxylase from Malus domestica, dihyd

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Zhou, Caibi, Xin Mei, Dylan O’Neill Rothenberg, et al. "Metabolome and Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Putative Genes Involved in Anthocyanin Accumulation and Coloration in White and Pink Tea (Camellia sinensis) Flower." Molecules 25, no. 1 (2020): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25010190.

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A variant of tea tree (Camellia sinensis (L.)) with purple buds and leaves and pink flowers can be used as a unique ornamental plant. However, the mechanism of flower coloration remains unclear. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of coloration, as well as anthocyanin accumulation in white and pink tea flowers, metabolite profiling and transcriptome sequencing was analyzed in various tea flower developmental stages. Results of metabolomics analysis revealed that three specific anthocyanin substances could be identified, i.e., cyanidin O-syringic acid, petunidin 3-O-glucoside, and pelargonidin

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Courtney-Gutterson, Neal. "1008 ANTHOCYANIN BIOSYNTHETIC GENES AND THEIR APPLICATION FOR FLOWER COLOR MODIFICATION." HortScience 29, no. 5 (1994): 574a—574. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.574a.

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The biosynthetic pathway for anthocyanins has been studied using genetic, biochemical and molecular biological tools. In the past decade, the core pathway genes have been cloned; a number of genes which act to modify anthocyanin structure have been cloned more recently. The first results in color modification have been reduced flower color intensity using gene suppression methods. In particular, we have utilized chalcone synthase (CHS) and dihydroflavonol reductase (DFR) genes and sense suppression in our experimental system, Petunia hybrida, and in the commercial crops, chrysan-themum (Dendra

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Donoso, Amanda, Constanza Rivas, Alan Zamorano, Álvaro Peña, Michael Handford, and Danilo Aros. "Understanding Alstroemeria pallida Flower Colour: Links between Phenotype, Anthocyanins and Gene Expression." Plants 10, no. 1 (2020): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants10010055.

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Flower colour is mainly due to the accumulation of flavonoids, carotenoids and betalains in the petals. Of these pigments, flavonoids are responsible for a wide variety of colours ranging from pale yellow (flavones, flavonols and flavanodiols) to blue-violet (anthocyanins). This character plays a crucial ecological role by attracting and guiding pollinators. Moreover, in the ornamental plants market, colour has been consistently identified as the main feature chosen by consumers when buying flowers. Considering the importance of this character, the aim of this study was to evaluate flower colo

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Beninger, Clifford W., George L. Hosfield, Mark J. Bassett, and Shirley Owens. "Chemical and Morphological Expression of the B and Asp Seedcoat Genes in Phaseolus vulgaris." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 125, no. 1 (2000): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.125.1.52.

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Three common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) seedcoat color (or glossiness) genotypes, differing from each other by a single substitution at a seedcoat locus, were analyzed for presence and concentration of three anthocyanins: delphinidin 3-O-glucoside, petunidin 3-O-glucoside, and malvidin 3-O-glucoside. The three anthocyanins were present in Florida common bean breeding line 5-593 (P C J G B V Asp), matte black (P C J G B V asp), and dark brown violet (P C J G b V Asp), but the amounts varied greatly depending on the genotype. Dark brown violet had 19% of the total anthocyanin content when comp

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Bizjak, Jan, Nika Weber, Maja Mikulic-Petkovsek, et al. "Influence of Phostrade Ca on Color Development and Anthocyanin Content of ‘Braeburn’ Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.)." HortScience 48, no. 2 (2013): 193–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.48.2.193.

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The influence of two foliar applications of Phostrade Ca, which contains high concentrations of phosphorus and minor amounts of calcium and nitrogen, on color development and selected primary and secondary metabolites was investigated during advanced maturation of ‘Braeburn’ apple. Changes of hydroxycinnamic acids, flavanols, dihydrochalcones, flavonols, and anthocyanins were monitored six times during the advanced ripening until technological maturity of the fruits. Additionally, the changes in the chromatic values a*, h°, and the lightness coefficient L* were recorded weekly. The colorimetri

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Lim, Chin Giaw, Lynn Wong, Namita Bhan, et al. "Development of a Recombinant Escherichia coli Strain for Overproduction of the Plant Pigment Anthocyanin." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 81, no. 18 (2015): 6276–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01448-15.

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ABSTRACTAnthocyanins are water-soluble colored pigments found in terrestrial plants and are responsible for the red, blue, and purple coloration of many flowers and fruits. In addition to the plethora of health benefits associated with anthocyanins (cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiaging properties), these compounds have attracted widespread attention due to their promising potential as natural food colorants. Previously, we reported the biotransformation of anthocyanin, specifically cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (C3G), from the substrate (+)-catechin inEscherichia coli. In t

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Kondo, Satoru, Kentaro Hiraoka, Shozo Kobayashi, Chikako Honda, and Norihiko Terahara. "Changes in the Expression of Anthocyanin Biosynthetic Genes during Apple Development." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 127, no. 6 (2002): 971–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.127.6.971.

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Cyanidin 3-galactoside was the primary anthocyanin in red `Tsugaru' apples [Malus sylvestris (L.) Mill. var. domestica (Borkh.) Mansf.]. The concentration of cyanidin 3-galactoside in the skin decreased from 20 to 62 days after full bloom (DAFB), then increased rapidly after 104 DAFB. Small amounts of cyanidin 3-arabinoside and cyanidin 3-glucoside were detected at 122 and 133 DAFB (harvest). The expression of five anthocyanin biosynthetic genes of chalcone synthase (MdCHS), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (MdF3H), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (pDFR), anthocyanidin synthase (MdANS), and UDP glucose-fla

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Shao, Ling, Zhan Shu, Chang-Lian Peng, Zhi-Fang Lin, Cheng-Wei Yang, and Qun Gu. "Enhanced sensitivity of Arabidopsis anthocyanin mutants to photooxidation: a study with fluorescence imaging." Functional Plant Biology 35, no. 8 (2008): 714. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp08069.

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Chlorophyll fluorescence imaging and antioxidative capability in detached leaves of the wild-type Arabidopsis thaliana ecotype Landsberg erecta (Ler) and in three mutants deficient in anthocyanin biosynthesis (tt3, tt4 and tt3tt4) were investigated under photooxidation stress induced by methyl viologen (5 μm) in the light. In comparison with the wild-type (WT) plant, photooxidation resulted in significant decreases in the contents of total phenolics and flavonoid, total antioxidative capability and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm, qP, ΦPSII, NPQ and ETR) as determined by chlorophyll

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Biro, Attila, Arnold Markovich, Judit Rita Homoki, et al. "Anthocyanin-Rich Sour Cherry Extract Attenuates the Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Endothelial Inflammatory Response." Molecules 24, no. 19 (2019): 3427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24193427.

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The anthocyanin content of Hungarian sour cherry is remarkable based on our preliminary investigations. Nutraceutical and pharmaceutical effects of anthocyanins have been extensively studied. The objective of this work was to investigate the the effect of purified sour cherry extract using human umbilical cord vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as the inflammatory model. HUVECs were isolated by enzymatic digestion and characterized by flow cytometry. The optimal concentration range of sour cherry extract was selected based on MTT, apoptosis, and necrosis assays. Cells were divided into three grou

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Katz, Anat, and David Weiss. "LIGHT REGULATION OF ANTHOCYANIN ACCUMULATION AND CHALCONE SYNTHASE GENE EXPRESSION IN PETUNIA FLOWERS." Israel Journal of Plant Sciences 47, no. 4 (1999): 225–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07929978.1999.10676777.

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We have previously shown that light is essential for anthocyanin synthesis in detached petunia flowers. In this study, we examined the effect of light quality on anthocyanin accumulation and on the expression of the anthocyanin biosynthetic gene chalcone synthase (chs) in the attached petunia flowers. When plants were kept for 48 h in the dark,chsexpression could not be detected. Blue light and red light promoted the expression of the gene to similar levels, whereas the effect of green light was slightly smaller. Neither UV-A nor UV-B radiation were required for anthocyanin accumulation, or fo

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Li, Yukuo, Wen Cui, Xiujuan Qi, et al. "Chalcone Synthase-Encoding AeCHS is Involved in Normal Petal Coloration in Actinidia eriantha." Genes 10, no. 12 (2019): 949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes10120949.

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Studies on anthocyanin biosynthesis have been mainly concentrated on the fruit, whereas few have focused the mechanism of flower coloration in kiwifruit. Here, we report that the structural gene, AeCHS, is involved in anthocyanin accumulation and indispensable for normal petal coloration in Actinidia eriantha. Petals from three different species including Actinidia eriantha (red petals), Actinidia hemsleyana (light pink petals) and Actinidia arguta (white petals) were selected for anthocyanin determination and gene expression analysis. The anthocyanin components in A. eriantha were significant

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Lightbourn, Gordon J., John R. Stommel, and Robert J. Griesbach. "Epistatic Interactions Influencing Anthocyanin Gene Expression in Capsicum annuum." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 132, no. 6 (2007): 824–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.132.6.824.

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Anthocyanin pigmentation in leaves, flowers, and fruit imparts violet to black color and enhances both ornamental and culinary appeal. Shades of violet to black pigmentation in Capsicum annuum L. are attributed to anthocyanin accumulation. Anthocyanin production is markedly influenced by numerous environmental factors, including temperature and light stress. The objective of this study was to determine the genetic basis for differences in C. annuum anthocyanin content in response to varying environments. Growth experiments conducted under controlled environment conditions demonstrated that ant

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Tsuda, Tomomi, Masami Yamaguchi, Chikako Honda, and Takaya Moriguchi. "Expression of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis Genes in the Skin of Peach and Nectarine Fruit." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 129, no. 6 (2004): 857–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.129.6.0857.

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We used RNA blot analysis to examine the expression of six genes of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway in the flowers and fruit skins at three developmental stages of white and red peaches and a deep-red nectarine [Prunus persica (L.) Batch]. In the red peach `Akatsuki' and the deep-red nectarine `Flavortop', expression levels of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes were related to anthocyanin accumulation in the fruit skin; expression of all six genes dramatically increased at Stage III of fruit development, and anthocyanin concentration also increased at this stage. In the white peach `Mochizuki

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Jorgensen, Richard A., Qiudeng Que, and Carolyn A. Napoli. "Research note: Maternally-controlled ovule abortion results from cosuppression of dihydroflavonol-4-reductase or flavonoid-3′,5′-hydroxylase genes in Petunia hybrida." Functional Plant Biology 29, no. 12 (2002): 1500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp02118.

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Transgenes designed to overexpress anthocyanin genes An6 (encoding dihydroflavonol-4-reductase) or Hf1 (encoding flavonoid-3′,5′-hydroxylase) in Petunia hybrida L. produced flower colour phenotypes similar to those caused by sense cosuppression of chalcone synthase (Chs) genes. However, unlike Chs, sense cosuppression of An6 and Hf1 resulted in female infertility in transgenotes exhibiting complete phenotypic suppression of anthocyanins. Female sterility appeared to be due to embryo abortion, with discolouration of ovules first appearing about 4 d post-fertilization, followed by gradual collap

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Shimada, Setsuko, Yoriko T. Inoue, and Masaaki Sakuta. "Anthocyanidin synthase in non-anthocyanin-producing Caryophyllales species." Plant Journal 44, no. 6 (2005): 950–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313x.2005.02574.x.

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Gopaulchan, David, Adrian M. Lennon, and Pathmanathan Umaharan. "Expression Analysis of the Anthocyanin Genes in Pink Spathes of Anthurium with Different Color Intensities." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 140, no. 5 (2015): 480–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.140.5.480.

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Anthurium (Anthurium andraeanum) is a tropical ornamental valued for its colorful spathe (modified bract) that subtends the inflorescence. The present genetic model for spathe color inheritance in anthurium does not account for differences among the red- and pink-spathed cultivars or for differences in the shades of pink among pink cultivars. To identify the mechanisms responsible for the variation in color and intensity, five genetically defined pink-spathed cultivars, with respect to the O, R, and M loci, with varying shade intensities, along with a genetically defined red-spathed cultivar (

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Selvaraj, Dineshkumar, Sherif Sherif, Mohd Sabri Pak Dek, Gopinadhan Paliyath, Islam El-Sharkawy, and Jayasankar Subramanian. "Identification and Characterization of Genes Involved in the Fruit Color Development of European Plum." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 141, no. 5 (2016): 467–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs03617-16.

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European plum fruit (Prunus domestica) are normally blue-black to dark purple. However, some genotypes remain green/yellow after ripening. We hypothesized that in such genotypes anthocyanin biosynthesis is genetically disturbed. To examine this hypothesis, six european plum genotypes with diverse fruit colors were investigated for the expression pattern of several anthocyanin biosynthetic genes (ABGs)—e.g., phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, chalcone synthase (CHS), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), anthocyanin synthase (ANS), and UDP-glucose:flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase 1 and 2 (UFGT 1 and 2)

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Li, Xieyu, Ting Wu, Hanting Liu, et al. "REVEILLE Transcription Factors Contribute to the Nighttime Accumulation of Anthocyanins in ‘Red Zaosu’ (Pyrus Bretschneideri Rehd.) Pear Fruit Skin." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 5 (2020): 1634. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21051634.

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Anthocyanin biosynthesis exhibits a rhythmic oscillation pattern in some plants. To investigate the correlation between the oscillatory regulatory network and anthocyanin biosynthesis in pear, the anthocyanin accumulation and the expression patterns of anthocyanin late biosynthetic genes (ALBGs) were investigated in fruit skin of ‘Red Zaosu’ (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd.). The anthocyanin accumulated mainly during the night over three continuous days in the fruit skin, and the ALBGs’ expression patterns in ‘Red Zaosu’ fruit skin were oscillatory. However, the expression levels of typical anthocy

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Ju, Zhiguo. "298 CHALCONE SYNTHASE AND UDPG GLUCOSYL-TRANSFERASE REGULATE ANTHOCYANIN SYNTHESIS IN APPLE." HortScience 29, no. 5 (1994): 473a—473. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.29.5.473a.

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Delicious apples were harvested and analyzed every 7 days from the start of fruit coloration to commercial harvest. Chalcone synthase (CS) activity increased from 521 to 4120 fkat/g protein during 30 days, while UDPG glucosyltransferase (UDPGTF) activity increased from 0 to 6570 fkat/g protein. These changes significantly correlated with anthocyanin synthesis in fruit skin. Ethephon enhanced activities of both enzymes for 25 days after application, but not beyond. Cycloheximide inhibited CS and UDPGTF activities by 57% and 72%, respectively, and this could not be overcome by ethephon treatment

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Zheng, Xiao-Ting, Yi-Lin Chen, Xiao-Hong Zhang, Min-Ling Cai, Zheng-Chao Yu, and Chang-Lian Peng. "ANS-deficient Arabidopsis is sensitive to high light due to impaired anthocyanin photoprotection." Functional Plant Biology 46, no. 8 (2019): 756. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp19042.

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Light attenuation and antioxidation are the main mechanisms of photoprotection by anthocyanin under high light (HL) stress. Anthocyanin synthase (ANS) is the key enzyme in the downstream portion of anthocyanin synthetic pathways. To explore the role of ANS in photoprotection by anthocyanin under HL stress, homozygous ANS-deficient Arabidopsis mutants were screened from SALK_073183 and SALK_028793. Here, we obtained two deficient mutants, ans-1 and ans-2, which had ANS gene expression levels equal to 5.9 and 32.9% of that of Col respectively. By analysing their physiological and biochemical res

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Wang, Yanjie, Yeqing Chen, Man Yuan, Zeyun Xue, Qijiang Jin, and Yingchun Xu. "Flower Color Diversity Revealed by Differential Expression of Flavonoid Biosynthetic Genes in Sacred Lotus." Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 141, no. 6 (2016): 573–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs03848-16.

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Sacred lotus (Nelumbo nucifera) is an important aquatic ornamental plant which contains several diverse flower colors, but the underlying mechanisms of its flower coloration remain unclear. In this study, seven complementary DNA (cDNA) clones of genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis, including chalcone synthase (CHS), chalcone isomerase (CHI), flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H), flavonoid 3′-hydroxylase (F3′H), flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase (F3′5′H), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), and anthocyanidin synthase (ANS), were isolated and characterized. Moreover, expression patterns of these seven ge

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Ju, Zhiguo, Chenglian Liu, Yongbing Yuan, Yongzhang Wang, and Gongshi Liu. "BIOCHEMICAL AND HEREDITARY STUDIES ON ENZYMES AND GENES CONTROLLING ANTHOCYANIN SYNTHESIS IN APPLES." HortScience 31, no. 6 (1996): 911E—911. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.31.6.911e.

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Crosses between red cultivars produced high frequency of less-colored progeny, while hybridization between non-red cultivars yielded some red-fruited F1 trees. When harvest was delayed and light intensity increased, both green and yellow cultivars accumulated some anthocyanin with higher UDPGal:flavonoid-3-o-glycosyltransferase (UFGalT) activity in colored areas. Overall, anthocyanin accumulation and UFGalT activity were highly correlated (r = 0.8921, P = 0.0001) in fruit from both parental trees and their F1 progeny, but UFGalT activity always was relatively high in fruit peel, whether anthoc

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YE, Jiabao, Feng XU, Guiyuan WANG, Qiangwen CHEN, Tingting TAO, and Qiling SONG. "Molecular Cloning and Characterization of an Anthocyanidin Synthase Gene in Prunus persica (L.) Batsch." Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca 45, no. 1 (2017): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15835/nbha45110546.

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To elucidate the effect of anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) gene on anthocyanin accumulation in fruit skin of Prunus persica (L.) Batsch cv. 'Chunmei', this study cloned and characterized an ANS gene (PpANS) from peach. PpANS (GenBank accession No. KX760117) was encoded by a 1074 bp-long open reading frame (ORF) corresponding to a polypeptide consisting of 358 amino acids with a molecular mass of 40.45 kD and an isoelectric point of 5.46. PpANS contains a conserved 2-oxoglutarate- and iron-dependent dioxygenases and non-haem dioxygenase binding regions. PpANS shared high similarities to angiosperm

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Kim, Dong-Gwan, Ramin Bahmani, Jae-Heung Ko, and Seongbin Hwang. "A Convenient Plant-Based Detection System to Monitor Androgenic Compound in the Environment." Plants 8, no. 8 (2019): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants8080266.

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Environmental androgen analogues act as endocrine disruptors, which inhibit the normal function of androgen in animals. In the present work, through the expression of a chimeric gene specified for the production of the anthocyanin in response to androgen DHT (dihydrotestosterone), we generated an indicator Arabidopsis that displays a red color in leaves in the presence of androgen compounds. This construct consists of a ligand-binding domain of the human androgen receptor gene and the poplar transcription factor gene PtrMYB119, which is involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis in poplar and Arabid

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Zhang, Huiling, Xijuan Zhao, Juping Zhang, et al. "Functional analysis of an anthocyanin synthase gene StANS in potato." Scientia Horticulturae 272 (October 2020): 109569. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2020.109569.

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Halbwirth, Heidi, Gerlinde Muster, and Karl Stich. "Unraveling the Biochemical Base of Dahlia Flower Coloration." Natural Product Communications 3, no. 8 (2008): 1934578X0800300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x0800300807.

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Dahlia ( Dahlia variabilis) exists in a dazzling array of cultivars, showing red, orange, magenta, lilac, yellow and white flower color, which is exclusively based on the presence of flavonoids and biochemically related compounds. Red hues (red, orange, magenta, lilac) are a result of anthocyanin accumulation in varying concentration and composition, while a yellow color is based on the formation of 6′-deoxychalcones in the petals. Red dahlia pigments are all derived from pelargonidin and cyanidin. Delphinidin derivatives are not formed due to the absence of flavonoid 3′,5′-hydroxylase in dahl

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Wang, Huiling, Wei Wang, Weidong Huang, and Haiying Xu. "Effect of Salicylic Acid on the Gene Transcript and Protein Accumulation of Flavonoid Biosynthesis-related Enzymes in Vitis vinifera Cell Suspension Cultures." HortScience 52, no. 12 (2017): 1772–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci12515-17.

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Salicylic acid (SA) as a plant signal molecule plays an important regulatory role in stimulating the accumulation of plants’ defensive compounds. Numerous studies have shown its regulating effects on the biosynthesis of flavonoids. However, the controlling mechanism needs to be made clear further. Here, Vitis vinifera L. ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’ cell suspension cultures were treated with SA and its synthesis inhibitor paclobutrazol (Pac) to investigate their effects on flavonoid biosynthesis. The accumulation of gene transcripts and proteins of flavonoid biosynthesis pathway enzymes, including cha

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Catalano, Chiara, Angelo Ciacciulli, Fabrizio Salonia, et al. "Target-Genes Reveal Species and Genotypic Specificity of Anthocyanin Pigmentation in Citrus and Related Genera." Genes 11, no. 7 (2020): 807. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes11070807.

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Background: Anthocyanin pigmentation characterizes a number of tissues of Citrus and its relatives. The gain and loss of pigmentation is intriguing and is inherited variously among species. Methods: Citrus germplasm was used to investigate the anthocyanin pigmentation of tissues never before considered, including stamen, style and stigma, and of young leaves, petals, rind and flesh of 28 genotypes belonging to 14 species. Citrus genotypes encompassed citron, lemon, sweet orange, lime, and Citrus relatives included Microcitrus, Murraya, and Severinia. A relative qRT-PCR analysis was carried out

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Zhu, Ziguo, Guirong Li, Li Liu, et al. "A R2R3-MYB Transcription Factor, VvMYBC2L2, Functions as a Transcriptional Repressor of Anthocyanin Biosynthesis in Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.)." Molecules 24, no. 1 (2018): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24010092.

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In grapevine, the MYB transcription factors play an important role in the flavonoid pathway. Here, a R2R3-MYB transcription factor, VvMYBC2L2, isolated from Vitis vinifera cultivar Yatomi Rose, may be involved in anthocyanin biosynthesis as a transcriptional repressor. VvMYBC2L2 was shown to be a nuclear protein. The gene was shown to be strongly expressed in root, flower and seed tissue, but weakly expressed during the fruit development in grapevine. Overexpressing the VvMYBC2L2 gene in tobacco resulted in a very marked decrease in petal anthocyanin concentration. Expression analysis of flavo

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