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1

Becker, H., L. Hansen, BW Skelton, and AH White. "(E)-1-(9-Anthryl)-2-(10-methyl-9-anthryl)ethene: Molecular Structure and Spectroscopic Properties." Australian Journal of Chemistry 38, no. 5 (1985): 809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9850809.

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(E)-1-(9-Anthryl)-2-(10-methyl-9-anthryl) ethelle has been synthesized from 10-methyl-9-anthraldehyde and (9-anthrylmethyl) triphenylphosphonium bromide, and its crystal structure has been determined by X-ray diffraction. Its molecular geometry was found to be such as to have the planes of the two anthracene moieties form an angle of 70.8°, the plane of the ethene bond bring twisted out of the planes of the anthracenes by an angle of about 55°. The intermolecular arrangement of parallel adjacent molecules in the crystal lattice is characterized by shifts about the short and long axes of the anthracenes. The excimer-like crystal fluorescence is attributed to the interplanar distance of 3.5 Ǻ between anthracene π- systems in parallel adjacent molecules. Crystals are triclinic, Pī , a 12.95(1), b 9.316(6), c 9.098(9) Ǻ, α 86.17(7), β 72.26(7), γ 74.61(6)°,Z 2; R was 0.054 for 1059 independent 'observed' reflections.
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2

Cotrait, M., P. Marsau, L. Kessab, S. Grelier, A. Nourmamode, and A. Castellan. "Studies on Aromatic Trichromophore Systems Incorporating Anthracene Moieties. II. Crystal Structures of 2-(9-Anthryl)-1-(9-anthrylmethyl)ethyl 2-(9-Phenanthryl)-ethyl Succinate (A2PHEN) and 2-(9-Anthryl)-1-(9-anthrylmethyl)ethyl Methyl Succinate (A2SC) and Their Fluorescence in the Solid State." Australian Journal of Chemistry 47, no. 3 (1994): 423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9940423.

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The structures of 2-(9-anthryl)-1-(9-anthrylmethyl)ethyl 2-(9-phenanthryl)ethyl succinate (A2PHEN) and 2-(9-anthryl)-1-(9-anthrylmethyl)ethyl methyl succinate (A2SC) have been determined by X-ray diffraction, and the molecular fluorescence of the crystals has been established. The two crystals are monoclinic. A2PHEN: C 2/c, a 39.47(1), b 9.718(2), c 19.924(8) Ǻ; β 97.81(3)°; R 0.036 for 2903 unique reflections. A2SC: P 21/c, a 16.248(2), b 10.325(2), c 18.052(2) Ǻ. β 114.20(3)°; R 0.044 for 2586 unique reflections. For both structures, the bisanthracene moiety and a large part of the ester chain show similar conformations. The crystal cohesion is due to intermolecular π overlapping between one of the anthracene components of the bichromophore moiety and to numerous van der Waals interactions. No intramolecular interactions between the phenanthrene and the anthracene moieties are observed in A2PHEN. The fluorescence emissions of A2PHEN and A2SC are of excimer type, and correlate well with the intermolecular interactions between the anthracene rings.
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3

Dreger, Z. A., H. Lucas, and Y. M. Gupta. "High-Pressure Effects on Fluorescence of Anthracene Crystals." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 107, no. 35 (September 2003): 9268–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp030505m.

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4

Sugiyama, Haruki, Kohei Johmoto, Hidehiro Uekusa, Yuji Kikuchi, Hiroki Takahagi, Kosuke Ono, and Nobuharu Iwasawa. "Guest-induced fluorescence property of macrocyclic boronic ester." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (August 5, 2014): C672. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314093279.

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Macrocyclic boronic esters (1) are obtained as a self-assembled molecule by condensation reaction between rac-tetrol (2) and 1,4-naphthalenediboronic acid (3) in the presence of toluene molecule [1]. In the crystal, this macrocyclic molecules form a charasteristic one dimensional channel structure that accommodates various small molecules. Interestingly, reversible desorption / absorption phenomena of guest molecules is observed without significant crystal packing change, meaning this crystal may have guest storage, separation, and catalytic abilities. In the course of exploring further functional aspects of the molecule, we give fluorescence property to this crystal by inclusion of acene molecules into this robust one dimensional channel structure. Naphthalene inclusion crystal was obtained by the diffusion method. The crystal structure is isostructural to known crystals, that is, a naphthalene molecule is included in a channel and sandwiched by two naphthalene moieties of the macrocyclic molecule (inter planar distance is about 3.6 angstrom). Under UV light, a blue color fluorescence observed in this crystal, suggesting the guest naphthalene molecule contributes the fluorescence property. After heating by 200 degrees C, the naphthalene was released to leave isostructural apohost crystal without fluorescence property. However, by naphthalene vapor exposure to the apohost crystal, the fluorescence property was recovered, which means naphthalene desorption and absorption are possible in crystalline state. Moreover Anthracene and Tetracene inclusion crystal were obtained, and they also showed light blue and yellow color fluorescence under UV light, respectively. Thus, the fluorescence function was successfully realized by inclusion of acene molecule in the one dimensional channel of the crystals, and furthermore the fluorescent color can be controlled by changing acene molecules.
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5

Hasegawa, Tetsuya, Kei Ohkubo, Ichiro Hisaki, Mikiji Miyata, Norimitsu Tohnai, and Shunichi Fukuzumi. "Photoinduced electron transfer in porous organic salt crystals impregnated with fullerenes." Chem. Commun. 52, no. 51 (2016): 7928–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cc02377k.

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Porous organic salt (POS) crystals composed of 9-(4-sulfophenyl)anthracene and triphenylmethylamine were impregnated with fullerenes (C60 and C70), resulting in fluorescence quenching by photoinduced electron transfer.
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6

Moliterni, Anna, Davide Altamura, Rocco Lassandro, Vincent Olieric, Gianmarco Ferri, Francesco Cardarelli, Andrea Camposeo, Dario Pisignano, John E. Anthony, and Cinzia Giannini. "Synthesis, crystal structure, polymorphism and microscopic luminescence properties of anthracene derivative compounds." Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science, Crystal Engineering and Materials 76, no. 3 (May 16, 2020): 427–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052520620004424.

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Anthracene derivative compounds are currently investigated because of their unique physical properties (e.g. bright luminescence and emission tunability), which make them ideal candidates for advanced optoelectronic devices. Intermolecular interactions are the basis of the tunability of the optical and electronic properties of these compounds, whose prediction and exploitation benefit from knowledge of the crystal structure and the packing architecture. Polymorphism can occur due to the weak intermolecular interactions, requiring detailed structural analysis to clarify the origin of observed material property modifications. Here, two silylethyne-substituted anthracene compounds are characterized by single-crystal synchrotron X-ray diffraction, identifying a new polymorph in the process. Additionally, laser confocal microscopy and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy confirm the results obtained by the X-ray diffraction characterization, i.e. shifting the substituents towards the external benzene rings of the anthracene unit favours π–π interactions, impacting on both the morphology and the microscopic optical properties of the crystals. The compounds with more isolated anthracene units feature shorter lifetime and emission spectra, more similar to those of isolated molecules. The crystallographic study, supported by the optical investigation, sheds light on the influence of non-covalent interactions on the crystal packing and luminescence properties of anthracene derivatives, providing a further step towards their efficient use as building blocks in active components of light sources and photonic networks.
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7

Valera Palacios, Aníbal, Miguel Melchor Vivanco, and Miguel Ángel Mosquera Molina. "CRISTALES ORGÁNICOS LASER: ANTRACENO." Revista Cientifica TECNIA 19, no. 1 (May 8, 2017): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21754/tecnia.v19i1.109.

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En esta contribución se presenta la técnica de elaboración de cristales orgánicos por el método de sublimación aplicado al caso particular de Antraceno. Se presentan asimismo los últimos resultados experimentales obtenidos en nuestro Laboratorio con los monocristales de Antraceno: A) Luminiscencia a temperatura ambiente. Los cristales fueron sometidos a irradiancia UV-Vis frontal, obteniéndose la transmitancia frontal y la fluorescencia de canto (wave guide emisión). Como resultado de estas medidas se identifica un cuasigap de 3.11 eV (398 nm) y bandas de emisión a niveles vibronicos en 3.08, 2.92, 2.79 y 2.61 eV. B) Conversión Fotovoltaica. Se construyó la unión fotovoltaica Antraceno / oxido de estaño (Ant / TO), determinándose experimentalmente la eficiencia espectral quántica del sistema, así como el modelo teórico energético correspondiente. Palabras clave.-.- Antraceno, Eficiencia cuántica, Conversión fotovoltaica. ABSTRACTIn this contribution are shown organic crystals obtained by the sublimation method and the latest experimental results obtained with the Anthracene monocrystals: A) Luminescence at room temperature. The Anthracene crystals were subjected to frontal UV-Vis irradiance, obtaining the frontal transmittance and the edge Fluorescence (wave guide emission) at room temperature. As a result of this measurements we identified a “quasigap” of 3.11eV (398 nm) and emission bands in 3.08, 2.92, 2.79 and 2.61 eV. B) Photovoltaic conversion. We constructed photovoltaic junctions Anthracene / Tin oxide (Ant / TO). We determined experimentally the quantum spectral efficiency of the system and the corresponding theoretical band energy diagram. Keywords.- Anthracene, Quantum efficiency, Photovoltaic conversion.
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8

Ahmad-bitar, Riyad N., Basim R. Bulos, Isam R. Hassan, and Mahmud H. Jomah. "Temperature and Wavelength Dependence of the Fluorescence Lifetime of Anthracene Crystals." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 25, Part 1, No. 4 (April 20, 1986): 583–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.25.583.

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9

Kol’chenko, M. A. "Intersystem Crossing Mechanisms and Single Molecule Fluorescence: Terrylene in Anthracene Crystals." Optics and Spectroscopy 98, no. 5 (2005): 681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1929053.

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10

Mitani, Tadaoki, Takaya Yamanaka, Mitsukazu Suzui, Toshio Horigome, Kazuo Hayakawa, and Iwao Yamazaki. "Time-resolved synchrotron spectroscopy of exciton fluorescence in anthracene single crystals." Journal of Luminescence 39, no. 6 (May 1988): 313–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-2313(88)90012-9.

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11

Cotrait, M., H. Allouchi, P. Marsau, A. Nourmamode, S. Grelier, and A. Castellan. "Studies on Aromatic Trichromophore Systems Incorporating Anthracene Moieties. III. Crystal Structures of 2-(9-Anthryl)-1-(9-anthrylmethyl)ethyl 2-(9-Anthryl)ethyl Succinate (A2A) and 2-(9-Anthryl)ethyl Acetate (AM) and Their Fluorescence in the Solid State." Australian Journal of Chemistry 49, no. 1 (1996): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9960013.

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The structures of 2-(9-anthryl)-1-(9-anthrylmethyl)ethyl 2-(9 anthryl )ethyl succinate (A2A) and 2-(9-anthryl)ethyl acetate (AM) have been determined by X-ray diffraction, and the molecular fluorescence of the crystals has been established. The A2A crystal is triclinic while the AM crystal is monoclinic. A2A: Pī , a 18.514(5), b 11.802(3), c 10.836(3) Ǻ; α 99.63(2), β 85.75(2), γ 79.67(2)°, R 0.053 for 3547 observed reflections. AM: P21/c, a 12.566(2), b 12.991(2), c 8.805(2) Ǻ, β 97.84(1)°, R 0.040 for 1519 observed reflections. For the A2A molecule as for the previously studied A2PHEN and A2SC (see Part II), the bisanthracene moiety and a large part of the ester chain show similar conformations. The crystal cohesion is due to numerous van der Waals interactions in both compounds and to π intermolecular overlap between the anthracene moieties of neighbouring molecules of AM. The fluorescence emission of the AM crystal is of excimer type and correlates with the intermolecular stacking of the anthracene rings. In contrast, the emission from the A2A crystal was found to be very weak and with some similarity with the emission of the dilute solution. This is probably due to defects, not accounted for by the X-ray determination, permitting intramolecular interactions in the solid.
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12

Karl, Norbert, Hans Heym, and John J. Stezowski. "Structure, Phase Diagram and Fluorescence Spectra of 2,3-Dimethylnaphthalene (Anthracene) Mixed Crystals." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 131, no. 1-2 (January 1985): 163–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268948508084200.

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13

Boyd, Simon, Nuno M. Cabral, Kenneth P. Ghiggino, Martin J. Grannas, W. David McFadyen, and Peter A. Tregloan. "Nickel complexation and photophysics of alkylanthracenyl dioxocyclam macrocycle derivatives." Australian Journal of Chemistry 53, no. 8 (2000): 651. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch00106.

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Ligands H2L in which (10-R-anthracen-9-yl)methyl moieties (R = H, Me, Et) are covalently joined (6-position) to the 5,7-dioxocyclam macrocycle framework have been prepared and their nickel(II) complexes isolated and characterized. X-Ray crystal structures of NiIIL (R = H, Me) complexes show that in both structures the anthracene moieties are folded around towards the mean plane of the macrocycles; dihedral angles between the mean anthracene and macrocyclic planes of c. 22˚ are subtended. 1H n.m.r. spectrometry indicates that the folded conformations are retained in solution. Absorption and fluorescence spectra, fluorescence quantum yields and lifetimes of the anthracenyl macrocycles are reported. Absorption spectra of the metal complexes are red-shifted and the fluorescence is dramatically quenched compared to the metal-free compounds indicating a strong electronic interaction between the anthracene and the complexed dioxocyclam macrocycle.
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14

Carabet, Carla Alice, Anca Moanță, Ion Pălărie, Gabriela Iacobescu, Andrei Rotaru, Marian Leulescu, Mariana Popescu, and Petre Rotaru. "Physical, Thermal and Biological Properties of Yellow Dyes with Two Azodiphenylether Groups of Anthracene." Molecules 25, no. 23 (December 6, 2020): 5757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25235757.

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Two yellow bis-azo dyes containing anthracene and two azodiphenylether groups (BPA and BTA) were prepared, and an extensive investigation of their physical, thermal and biological properties was carried out. The chemical structure was confirmed by the FTIR spectra, while from the UV–Vis spectra, the quantum efficiency of the laser fluorescence at the 476.5 nm was determined to be 0.33 (BPA) and 0.50 (BTA). The possible transitions between the energy levels of the electrons of the chemical elements were established, identifying the energies and the electronic configurations of the levels of transition. Both crystals are anisotropic, the optical phenomenon of double refraction of polarized light (birefringence) taking place. Images of maximum illumination and extinction were recorded when the crystals of the bis-azo compounds rotated by 90° each, which confirms their birefringence. A morphologic study of the thin films deposited onto glass surfaces was performed, proving the good adhesion of both dyes. By thermal analysis and calorimetry, the melting temperatures were determined (~224–225 °C for both of them), as well as their decomposition pathways and thermal effects (enthalpy variations during undergoing processes); thus, good thermal stability was exhibited. The interaction of the two compounds with collagen in the suede was studied, as well as their antioxidant activity, advocating for good chemical stability and potential to be safely used as coloring agents in the food industry.
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15

Sugino, Misa, Keisuke Hatanaka, Yusuke Araki, Ichiro Hisaki, Mikiji Miyata, and Norimitsu Tohnai. "Amphiphilic Inclusion Spaces for Various Guests and Regulation of Fluorescence Intensity of 1,8-Bis(4-aminophenyl)anthracene Crystals." Chemistry - A European Journal 20, no. 11 (February 20, 2014): 3069–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201304541.

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16

Kuo, Cheng‐Zong, Li‐Yun Hsu, Yu‐Shan Chen, Kenta Goto, Subhendu Maity, Yi‐Hung Liu, Shie‐Ming Peng, Kien Voon Kong, Teruo Shinmyozu, and Jye‐Shane Yang. "Alkyl Chain Length‐ and Polymorph‐Dependent Photomechanochromic Fluorescence of Anthracene Photodimerization in Molecular Crystals: Role of the Lattice Stiffness." Chemistry – A European Journal 26, no. 50 (August 7, 2020): 11511–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.202000353.

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17

Selvakumar, Sellaiyan, Krishnan Sivaji, Arjunan Arulchakkaravarthi, and Sambasivam Sankar. "Electron momentum distribution and singlet–singlet annihilation in the organic anthracene molecular crystals using positron 2D-ACAR and fluorescence spectroscopy." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 16, no. 30 (June 25, 2014): 15934. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cp01386g.

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18

Fei, Zhaofu, Nikolaus Kocher, Christian J. Mohrschladt, Heiko Ihmels, and Dietmar Stalke. "Single Crystals of the Disubstituted Anthracene 9,10-(Ph2PS)2C14H8 Selectively and Reversibly Detect Toluene by Solid-State Fluorescence Emission." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 42, no. 7 (February 17, 2003): 783–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.200390207.

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19

Hashimoto, Shuichi, Sigeru Ikuta, Tsuyoshi Asahi, and Hiroshi Masuhara. "Fluorescence Spectroscopic Studies of Anthracene Adsorbed into Zeolites: From the Detection of Cation−π Interaction to the Observation of Dimers and Crystals." Langmuir 14, no. 15 (July 1998): 4284–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/la980311b.

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20

Weiß, D., R. Kietzmann, W. Storck, J. Lehnert, and F. Willig. "Fluorescence as probe for transport and lateral order in vapor grown Langmuir-Blodgett(LB) multilayer-type single crystals of anthracene chromophores with fatty acid tails." Makromolekulare Chemie. Macromolecular Symposia 46, no. 1 (June 1991): 65–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/masy.19910460110.

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21

Sugino, Misa, Keisuke Hatanaka, Yusuke Araki, Ichiro Hisaki, Mikiji Miyata, and Norimitsu Tohnai. "Back Cover: Amphiphilic Inclusion Spaces for Various Guests and Regulation of Fluorescence Intensity of 1,8-Bis(4-aminophenyl)anthracene Crystals (Chem. Eur. J. 11/2014)." Chemistry - A European Journal 20, no. 11 (March 1, 2014): 3236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201490045.

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22

Liu, Haichao, Liang Yao, Bao Li, Xiankai Chen, Yu Gao, Shitong Zhang, Weijun Li, Ping Lu, Bing Yang, and Yuguang Ma. "Excimer-induced high-efficiency fluorescence due to pairwise anthracene stacking in a crystal with long lifetime." Chemical Communications 52, no. 46 (2016): 7356–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cc01993e.

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23

Kakiuchi, Fumitoshi, Akiko Izumoto, Hikaru Kondo, and Takuya Kochi. "Synthesis of Fluorine-Containing Tetraarylanthracenes via Ruthenium-Catalyzed C–O or C–F Arylation and their Crystal Structures." Synlett 28, no. 19 (November 8, 2017): 2609–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1590937.

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Tetraarylanthracenes containing several fluoro groups were synthesized using the ruthenium-catalyzed C–O or C–F arylation with arylboronates and their structural and spectroscopic studies were conducted. The RuH2(CO)(PPh3)3-catalyzed C–O arylation of aromatic ketones was found to be effective for the introduction of aryl groups containing multiple fluoro groups. Anthracenes possessing fluorinated aryl groups were prepared in two steps from 1,4,5,8-tetramethoxyanthraquinone by C–O arylation and reduction of the carbonyl groups. A tetraphenylanthracene containing a fluorinated anthracene moiety was also prepared using C–F phenylation of octafluoroanthraquinone. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the positions of fluoro groups on the tetraarylanthracenes lead to notable difference in the crystal packing structures. The larger difference between the tetraarylanthracenes was observed in the fluorescence spectra in the solid state than those in chloroform.
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24

Ferguson, J., RJ Robbins, and GJ Wilson. "Electronic Spectroscopy of Mixed Cyclophanes: [2.2](9,10)Anthraceno(1,4)naphthalenophane." Australian Journal of Chemistry 42, no. 12 (1989): 2201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9892201.

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The absorption and fluorescence spectra of [2.21(9,10) anthraceno (1,4) naphthalenophane are reported. The anisotropy of the absorption bands was measured by two methods, ( i ) from fluorescence polarization ratios in a rigid glass and (ii) from single crystal absorption spectra at 23 K. The two states arising from the 1La states of the two chromophores were identified together with two states arising from other chromophore 1B2u states. Two states arising from the 1La states of the two chromophores were also identified. Whereas a coupled chromophore model accounts reasonably well for the latter two states, the energies and intensities of the bands arising from 1La chromophore states cannot be reconciled with this approach. Long axis polarized absorption intensity lying under the 1La, bands appears to be vibronically induced and not due to the 1Lb states. The absorption spectrum, fluorescence spectrum and fluorescence polarization ratios of a stable dimer were also observed. Its structure is similar to that of the stable dimer of anthracene in which the molecular long axes are parallel but the short axes make an angle of about 70� with each other.
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25

Shen, Yue, Haichao Liu, Jungang Cao, Shitong Zhang, Weijun Li, and Bing Yang. "Unusual temperature-sensitive excimer fluorescence from discrete π–π dimer stacking of anthracene in a crystal." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 21, no. 27 (2019): 14511–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cp02656h.

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26

Kusukawa, Takahiro, Fumihiro Kannen, Yusuke Kojima, and Kenji Yoza. "Crystal Polymorphism-dependent Fluorescence of Fluoroarene-substituted Anthracene Derivatives." Chemistry Letters 50, no. 1 (January 5, 2021): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.200628.

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27

Katoh, Ryuzi, and Masahiro Kotani. "Observation of fluorescence from higher excited states in an anthracene crystal." Chemical Physics Letters 201, no. 1-4 (January 1993): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(93)85047-r.

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28

Katoh, Ryuzi, Satoru Fujiyoshi, and Masahiro Kotani. "Observation of weak fluorescence from the second excited state in an anthracene crystal." Chemical Physics Letters 292, no. 4-6 (August 1998): 621–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-2614(98)00708-8.

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29

Kitamura, Chitoshi, Chika Matsumoto, Nobuhiro Kawatsuki, Akio Yoneda, Kohei Asada, Takashi Kobayashi, and Hiroyoshi Naito. "Study on Facile Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Solid-State Fluorescence of Dicyclohexane-Annelated Anthracene." Bulletin of the Chemical Society of Japan 81, no. 6 (June 15, 2008): 754–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/bcsj.81.754.

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30

Katoh, Ryuzi, and Masahiro Kotani. "Fluorescence from the second excited state of an anthracene crystal observed by two-step excitation." Chemical Physics Letters 300, no. 5-6 (February 1999): 734–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0009-2614(98)01406-7.

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31

Kozankiewicz, B. "Thermal-delayed fluorescence of pyromellitic dianhydride—anthracene trap in charge-transfer pyromellitic dianhyride—phenanthrene host crystal." Chemical Physics Letters 173, no. 5-6 (October 1990): 417–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0009-2614(90)87226-h.

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32

Bernardo, Ma Alexandra, Fernando Pina, Beatriu Escuder, Enrique García-España, Ma Luz Godino-Salido, Julio Latorre, Santiago V. Luis, José A. Ramírez, and Conxa Soriano. "Thermodynamic and fluorescence emission studies on chemosensors containing anthracene fluorophores. Crystal structure of {[CuL1Cl]Cl}2·2H2O [L1 = N-(3-aminopropyl)-N ′-3-(anthracen-9-ylmethyl)aminopropylethane-1,2-diamine]." Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions, no. 6 (1999): 915–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/a808649d.

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33

Fura, Gizaw D., Yong Long, Jun Yan, Wei Chen, Chang-Gen Lin, and Yu-Fei Song. "Synthesis, structural characterization and fluorescence enhancement of chromophore-modified polyoxometalates." Acta Crystallographica Section C Structural Chemistry 74, no. 11 (October 16, 2018): 1260–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053229618009361.

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Intramolecular charge transfers between π-conjugated molecules and polyoxometalate (POM) clusters have been observed in donor–acceptor systems based on organic donors and inorganic POM acceptors, which unfortunately results in a general quenching of the chromophore luminescence. The development of POM–chromophore dyads that are capable of tackling the quenching process and enhancing the fluorescence intensity of such systems remains a highly challenging area of study. A family of organic–inorganic polyoxometalate <!?tlsb=-0.2pt>hybrids, {[(n-C4H9)4N]3[(MnMo6O24){(CH2)3CR}2]} [1, R = –NHCH2C14H9, namely (anthracen-9-ylmethyl)amino; 2, R = –NHCH2C13H9, (9H-fluoren-2-ylmethyl)amino; 3, R = –NHCH2C10H7, (naphthalen-2-ylmethyl)amino; 4, R = –NHCH2C16H9, (pyren-2-ylmethyl)amino], were synthesized by covalently tethering π-conjugated molecules onto an Anderson cluster. The resulting POM–chromophore dyads were fully characterized by various spectroscopic techniques, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and ESI–MS. The fluorescence features of these dyads were studied in detail to verify a dramatic emission enhancement that can be achieved by fine-tuning the microenvironment in solution and suppressing the intrinsic photo-induced electron-transfer process.
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34

Bolze, Frédéric, Marc Drouin, Pierre D. Harvey, Claude P. Gros, Enrique Espinosa, and Roger Guilard. "X-ray structures and luminescence properties of Co(II) and Co(III) complexes of cofacial diporphyrins." Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines 07, no. 07 (July 2003): 474–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1088424603000604.

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The crystal structures of two face-to-face diporphyrin compounds based upon the DPA ligand (1,8-bis(5-(2,8,13,17-tetraethyl-3,7,12,18-tetramethyl-porphyrinyl))anthracene), i.e. H 4( DPA ) and ( DPA ) Co 2 are reported. The structural data are compared to that of other bimetallic DPA systems, and diporphyrinic Co complexes. In addition, the luminescence properties of ( OEP ) Co ( OEP = 2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-octaethylporphyrin), H 2( DPA ) Co , H 2( DPA )( CoIm ) O 2, ( DPA ) Co 2, ( DPA )( CoIm )2 O 2 are reported, where Im is 1-t-butyl-5-phenyl imidazole. Contrary to previous literature reports, the Co (II) species are found to be weakly luminescent, where fluorescence is detected for both the mono- and diporphyrinic systems, and is assigned to emissions arising from the lowest 1 Q (ππ*) states, while phosphorescence is detected at 77 K only for the monoporphyrin species, ( OEP ) Co . On the other hand, the Co (III) complexes are not luminescent.
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35

Orlova, Natalja, Irena Nikolajeva, Aleksandrs Pučkins, Sergey Belyakov, and Elena Kirilova. "Heterocyclic Schiff Bases of 3-Aminobenzanthrone and Their Reduced Analogues: Synthesis, Properties and Spectroscopy." Molecules 26, no. 9 (April 28, 2021): 2570. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26092570.

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New substituted azomethines of benzanthrone with heterocyclic substituents were synthesized by condensation reaction of 3-aminobenzo[de]anthracen-7-one with appropriate aromatic aldehydes. The resulting imines were reduced with sodium borohydride to the corresponding amines, the luminescence of which is more pronounced in comparison with the initial azomethines. The novel benzanthrone derivatives were characterized by NMR, IR, MS, UV/Vis, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The structure of three dyes was studied by the X-ray single crystal structure analysis. The solvent effect on photophysical behaviors of synthesized imines and amines was investigated. The obtained compounds absorb at 420–525 nm, have relatively large Stokes shifts (up to 150 nm in ethanol), and emit at 500–660 nm. The results testify that emission of the studied compounds is sensitive to the solvent polarity, exhibiting negative fluorosolvatochromism for the synthesized azomethines and positive fluorosolvatochromism for the obtained amines. The results obtained indicate that the synthesized compounds are promising as luminescent dyes.
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36

TOHNAI, Norimitsu, Toshiyuki SASAKI, Ichiro HISAKI, and Mikiji MIYATA. "Control of Crystal Structures and Solid-State Fluorescence Properties on Salts of Anthracene-2,6-disulfonic Acid with Aliphatic Primary Amines." Nihon Kessho Gakkaishi 52, no. 4 (2010): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5940/jcrsj.52.208.

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37

Pal, Nilasish, Debabrata Singha, and Atish Dipankar Jana. "Synthesis, crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis, electronic structure through DFT study and fluorescence properties of a new anthracene based organic tecton." Journal of Molecular Structure 1145 (October 2017): 102–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.05.074.

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38

David, Lionel, Jacky Bernard, Michel Orrit, and Philémon Kottis. "Coherent surface fluorescence versus thermally activated energy transfer to the bulk in the anthracene crystal: Model calculations and some experimental results." Chemical Physics 132, no. 1-2 (April 1989): 31–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0301-0104(89)80075-8.

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39

Fages, Fr�d�ric, Jean-Pierre Desvergne, Henri Bouas-Laurent, Jean-Marie Lehn, Joseph P. Konopelski, Pierre Marsau, and Yvette Barrans. "Synthesis and fluorescence emission properties of a bis-anthracenyl macrotricyclic ditopic receptor. Crystal structure of its dinuclear rubidium cryptate." Journal of the Chemical Society, Chemical Communications, no. 8 (1990): 655. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c39900000655.

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40

COTRAIT, M., H. ANDRIANATOANDRO, P. MARSAU, J. P. DESVERGNE, F. FAGES, S. RAMM, and H. BOUAS-LAURENT. "ChemInform Abstract: A New Macrocyclic Cyclophane Incorporating Three Naphthalene and One Anthracene Units. Crystal Structure and Fluorescence Quenching by Th4+ and Other Metal Cations." ChemInform 24, no. 48 (August 20, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199348196.

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41

Dai, Yuxiang, Haichao Liu, Ting Geng, Feng Ke, Shanyuan Niu, Kai Wang, Yang Qi, et al. "Pressure-induced excimer formation and fluorescence enhancement of an anthracene derivative." Journal of Materials Chemistry C, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0tc04677a.

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42

Kitamura, Chitoshi, Chika Matsumoto, Nobuhiro Kawatsuki, Akio Yoneda, Kohei Asada, Takashi Kobayashi, and Hiroyoshi Naito. "ChemInform Abstract: Facile Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Solid-State Fluorescence of Dicyclohexane-Anellated Anthracene." ChemInform 39, no. 39 (September 23, 2008). http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.200839088.

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