Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Anthropologie urbaine – France – Bretagne (France)'
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Biget, Denis. "Une analyse du temps présent : aspects de l'identité et de la vie quotidienne dans une petite ville : Douarnenez." Paris 7, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA070026.
Full textDrawing an anthropology, sociology and history, the author examines aspects of identity and daily life in a small Brittany town. Renowned for its maritime history and cultural events it plays host to (bi-annual boat festival, the Mardi Gras carnaval. . . ), Douarnenez seems to endow its inhabitants with a special identity renowned throughout the region. The book is not simply a monography, but a distillation of interviews, research, and observations providing a textured account of the Personal circumstances of residents in this singular place. The author pursues his interest in the daily lives of "Douarnenistes", looking through their eyes, and striving to avoid reproducing an ethnological treatise that fail to take into account the various situations the ethnologist himself is caught up in. The author applies a kind of anthropology of action, reconstructing individual's words and actions by simply describing them, taking care not to interpret ex nihilo events and mannerisms observed which would otherwise appear to derive from an exterior authority. Examining two districts in the town, and other observations taken at random, the author claims there are two kinds of résident, on thé one hand, and on the other hand neighbourly relationships and other ties resulting from co-habitations do not always engender strong social relations, but generate a strong feeling of belonging specific to a district and to the town. Douarnenists (the elderly above all) are either active on the edge of it and construct their individual and collective identity in this way, or they live on the edge of it, finding their identity landmarks in other places, in other moments in time, and often through work
Valy, Janique. "Croissance urbaine et risque inondation en Bretagne." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00624646.
Full textLeguay, Jean-Pierre. "Vivre dans les villes bretonnes au Moyen âge /." Rennes : Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2009. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41468025t.
Full textCallac, Emmanuelle. "Ethnologie de la poésie : un exemple en Bretagne." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0221.
Full textGaudin, Solène. "Villes moyennes et rénovation urbaine : discours et actions d’une transaction spatiale : exemples pris en Bretagne." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN20044/document.
Full textThe National Urban Renewal Programme (NERP), launched by the Borloo law passed on 1 August 2003, was explicitly designed as an answer to strong social and urban issues: housing obsolescence of the HLM, concentration of population in space which are considered as impoverished areas, relegation and discrimination according to nationality or geographical origin. Calibrated to address problems of the difficult areas of large cities, its diffusion to all priority areas and towards small and medium-sized towns reflects the success of the formula, and, by the way, a special appetite for action and communication about these "maxi urban projects" sometimes oversized.Mobilising a proofreading of transaction theories, we have analysed the stories and speeches of local actors and policy maker involved in large-scale operations of urban renewal in mid-sized cities across Brittany. In sum, we ask when, how and on what basis repose the commitment of the public authorities in the choice of demolition and how to understand the massive support of medium-sized cities in this device? This includes developing interest, on the one hand, about the concepts of space including in these operations and, secondly, to evalue and ask the logic of the action of the programme
Savignac, Emmanuelle. "Strates et sédiments de l'imaginaire de la ville : Paris aujourd'hui." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0217.
Full textBellos, Stavroula. "Plaka, Athènes, 1944-1948 : Barbès, Paris, 1961-1996." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA081211.
Full textThe point in this study was to show what is the meaning of democracy in the everyday life for someone. Plaka, in athens and barbes in paris are two examples i chose because of my own experience fo these two urban places. I shot some interviews and through my autobiographical story, i tried to explain the different phases of my own political expression. The method of this anthropological technique is to involve the scientist in the experiment in order to create connexions between theory and pratice
Groussard, David. "La gestion de l’eau dans les villes bretonnes aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles." Rennes 2, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00505459/fr/.
Full textThrough this study, we shall go back to the water management in the urban areas of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, precisely at the time when a suspicious perception of the humid environment is developing. The historiographical approach of water has been evolving for almost thirty years and is fostered by contemporary issues. Water has fully become a research subject and the setting of Brittany is not neutral : its environmental, institutional and cultural characteristics play a key role in the elaboration of hydrological works. The situation evolved over the two centuries : on the local level, the major changes lie in the councils' management of the hydraulic equipments and the appointment of administrators to handle the urban affairs. The designing mission shifts also from craftmanship to engineering, and this change in the professional expertise of the designer entails repercussions on both the organization of the building site and the morphology of the equipment. This redefinition of the administrative and technical tasks influences the works' practicality
Nières, Claude. "Les villes en Bretagne au 18e siècle : conditions et formes du développement urbain." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040068.
Full textA sequel to a series of studies on various French towns, this volume represents an effort to approach urban studies in a new light. The author works out a new definition of the concept of 'town'. Towns are considered as a network of interrelated elements, not as disconnected units. Demographic and economic importance, commercial, administrative, cultural, religious and military roles determine the place of each town in one or several organic wholes. The work focuses on 18th century Brittany; with its 'states provincial' it is a maritime province on the border of France, whose urban population decreases in the course of the century while new towns are created. The study shows that the decline, stagnation or growth of each city, its social evolution, the changes in the urban landscape depend on the economic situation of the province, as well as on the state's policy. Besides, every city's history also depends on how its governing body and its inhabitants respond to these two forces
Galland-Seux, Muriel. "L'évolution des représentations sociales du quartier dans les politiques d'urbanisme : une comparaison franco-britannique." Grenoble 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE21007.
Full textPalumbo, Maria Anita. "Barbès, Château-Rouge, Goutte d’Or. Ailleurs commence ici : anthropologie d’un espace d’altérité dans Paris." Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0623.
Full textThe Parisian area of Barbès-La Goutte d'Or-Château Rouge is historically a working class and immigrant area, where present day life combines density and diversity of population and uses, which makes it one of the most cosmopolitan areas of Paris. Public space here is characterized by an atmosphere that makes the inhabitants as well as the visitors feel elsewhere. This area works as a centre of african commercial activities in Europe. Contrary to the media's stigmatic portrayal of this area as an exception in Paris, projrcting it as a dangerous and lawless neighborhood in the capital, the Public Urban Policies have actually been investing in this area since the 80s. My research investigates this area from different points of view to analyse how in the past and present it is produced and operates as a "space of otherness" into/of Paris. Following the requirements of a contemporary urban monographic ethnography which preserves the unity of place as a unit of object and not as the limits of the area of investigation, my ethnography goes far beyond the spatial and administrative boundaries of the district. I propose an analysis of different "social scenes" including the inhabitants points of view to the political discourse, the concrete space to its mediatic mirror, the observation of the on-going transformation to the analysis of urban planning and their future projections. These set of analyses are located at various scales that contribute into the production of this part of the city and produce it as an area between Paris and its opposite, between here and there, between the known and the unknown. By putting in practice the strabismus necessary in doing urban anthropology today, I scrutinise the subject in a double perspective: on one hand describing daily life in this district; in the multilayered marginal space of the city-centre, what kind of urbanity develops? What is the specificity of "city-making of Barbès? I also question the role of this area in the Paris global economy. How Barbès inhabits Paris? How Paris inhabits Barbès? This thesis contributes to the analysis of the relationship between city (spatiality) and otherness. It also questions the present day role and status of such spaces of elsewhere in contemporary cities, in which a different urbanity is developed and which often thwarts the dominant reules of urban society or at least exhibit their conventionality?
Thomas, Hervé. "Socio-anthropologie des urbanites du déplacement de surface : professionnels et usagers." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100042.
Full textJeanjean, Agnès. "Basses oeuvres : ethnologie d'un réseau technique urbain : les égouts de Montpellier." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05H052.
Full textThe substances produced by the body, resulting from a human biological phenomenon, are buried in the ground, pushed away out of sight. Part of the social order and life in society is based on this removal, the equivalent of conditions of secrecy. Sewers are located at a hinge between biological bodies and the social body, between individuals and society. Attention is focused first on the collective or even institutional responses to the inevitable and forever renewed presence of contemptible substances. Excreta are first examined as political substances through study of techniques and their development, consideration of the value awarded to urban sewage sludge down through history and observation of links between the private and the public fields, where the sewers from real expression. In the second part, all the sewer workers ( wathever their rank) in montpellier are observed at work in order to understand how the men who touch and think about substances that nobody else touches or thinks about live this situation. What responses do they develop in the face of the wastes that they live with? By making it possible to establish connections between technical, economic, social, aesthetic, magical and political acts, all these abservations lead to denning several mechanisms of organisation of the social relations involving, in both the literal and figurative sense, excreta and their "opacity" and the fears and shame that they generate
Pirani, Denise. "Quand les lumières de la ville s'éteignent : Minorités et clandestinité à Paris : Le cas des travestis." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EHES0087.
Full textThe aim of this research is to try to understand the way of life of a marginal social group , which is mainly located in urban areas : travesties. Most of them are involved in a process of exclusion which leads them to a situation that i would call + clandestimty ;. I have taken the population of travesties as a representative sample of the most troublesome social stigmas such as homosexuals, immigrants, prostitutes, outsiders, etc. . At the same time, this group acknowledges a particular regard about the living conditions of large urban areas at the end of this century
Peirazeau, Roxane. "Clandestinité et patrimonialisation : cartographie des idéaux et interactions cataphiles au sein des carrières souterraines de Paris." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0645.
Full textThirty years after the "Cité des cataphiles", the only anthropological study about pasionate explorers of 300 kilometers of tunnels that connect the old underground quarries of Paris, this thesis aims to demonstrate that the illegal practices of those who call themselves "cataphiles" have not only continued, but has also increased by enriching it with more or less official activities to form the basis of a urban subculture which is in full expansion, popularized along other things by various websites. This underground network, that lives and changes with exploration and occupancy, is the site of a game of interactions and conflicts between illegal cataphiles and institutions, including associations that are involved in the historical recognition and this cultural heritage, stone masons testimonies from the eighteenth century, but also to all who have occupied it since its creation during the French Revolution. The research focuses on the one hand on the field of urban anthropology, by questioning the fringe practices that offer an alternative way to experiment the city, and on the other hand in the so-called inner anthropology, by raising questions about the methods and the opinion of the researcher, who steps into a familiar territory, in which he is both observer and actor. This posture in active immersion allows here to explain the practices and approaches of the actors to provide a mapping of the cataphiles ideals, extending between opposite polarities, as heritage preservation, and creative appropriation of the network, or the claim of the secrecy towards official interactions with associations or institutions such as the General Inspection of Quarries or the Ecole des Mines
Pénicaud, Manoël. "Le réveil des Sept dormants : anthropologie d'un pèlerinage islamo-chrétien en Bretagne." Aix-Marseille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX10055.
Full textSélic, Jean-Pierre. "Les échanges marchands sur les marchés populaires de Saint-Etienne : une économie de la sociabilité. Eléments pour une anthropologie de la communication intégrative." Lyon, Ecole normale supérieure, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ENSF0021.
Full textBellevue and Jacquard are two markets of Saint-Etienne. In Jacquard district, in town centre, goods bargains pile up : foods sold of, unsold goods, goods stolen; we can find everything and get it cheap to haggle. With its unlawful economy and presence of migrants from Maghreb and Turkey, this market its not quite the same than the market of Bellevue, south of city. However, they appear to function according to a similar way of sociability that we could call "working class". The ethnographic description of marketable relationships, in her economic and symbolic dimensions, shows that patrons and stallkeepers construct a space of urban coexistence from an orchestration of social competences that echo back. When time comes to go shopping, those communicative incompetences take up in resonance and make a communicative collective competence where everyone fin one's place
Corbillé, Sophie. "Vivre ensemble et séparés dans les quartiers nord-est de Paris : ethnologie d'un nouveau monde urbain." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0313.
Full textThe neighbourhoods of the north-east of Paris, organised around suburban streets and former villages, have for several years now been undergoing a process of gentrification. Within this context has emerged an urban « world » in the sense of a social space which is coherent in the eyes of certain people, amongst whom the new middle and upper social classes. The aim of this thesis in the anthropology of the familiar is to analyse this world, that is, the specific behaviour patterns of the players who enter it. The observation of diverse situations highlights three logical forms of behaviour: the search for a unique urban environment, different to any other; participation in devices which favour « doing things together » with interaction in three forms, the urban player, the friend and the inhabitant; and the practice of generalised ethnology. These forms of action constitute the different ways to organise social relations/relationships and consequently to live together and separately
Vallet, Anne-Claire. "Les habitants invisibles des friches de la ville : abris discrets et incertains dans les terrains vagues et les délaissés autoroutiers aux abords de Paris." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021EHES0019.
Full textVacant lots and derelict spaces along motorways, insofar as they are wastelands, have a temporary but chronic existence in the city. These wastelands may appear, from the outside, to be abandoned, unoccupied, and sometimes impenetrable. However, they often include shelters, tents or huts, little or not at all visible from the urban spaces that surround them. Based on an ethnography of these discrete, precarious and unstable situations, this doctoral dissertation in anthropology examines from within and through the lens of dwelling, wastelands located in the inner suburbs of Paris. What does the effacement of shelters tell about the "being-in-the-world" and the relationship to the city of their inhabitants? How does this visual disappearance make it possible to understand what constitutes a certain habitability of wasteland? How does this habitability differ from, and even how does it confront, appropriation? Effacement of shelters, “being-in-the-world”, and relationship to the city show that, among other things, these wasteland - seemingly useless, fenced, indeterminate, unsuitable as housing or shelter - are, within the determined, planned and controlled city, essential for those who, French or foreign, from Europe or otherwise, migrants or immigrants, staying for a short time or for a long time in the city, do not have their own space and are not protected by society, the City or the State
Bartkowiak, Isabelle. "Politisation et traitement de l'insécurité urbaine : étude comparative de la France, des Etats-Unis et de la Grande-Bretagne de 1980 à nos jours." Paris 4, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040086.
Full textThis research describes the mechanisms in the politicization of urban insecurity through its actors : politicians, the media and public opinion. The study of social representations of crime, that are used to change insecurity into a political issue, shows that the mechanisms of politicization are complex. The balance of powers, because of a deep interaction, is not easy to define. Each actor influences the others in many ways. Six case studies then show a more material aspect of the use of crime social representations. The ordonnance de 1945 (France) and the Bobby on the beat (Great Britain) describe the importance of historical and cultural representations in the making of judicial answers. The Three Strikes and You're out (California) and New York's Zero Tolerance insist on the representative strength of news items. The YOPs and Restorative justice (Great Britain) and community service (France) study the representation of educating young offenders. Three field research support those case studies : the social representations of the expressions les jeunes (France), "zero tolerance" (Unites-States), and the representation of the bobby (Great Britain)
Garnier, Julie. "Pratiques de l'échange, circulations et stratégies spatio-temporelles : la mise en scène des commerçants africains en milieu urbain." Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT5019.
Full textWhat happens when people of different status and from different geographical and cultural origins come together in a situation of commercial exchange ? Based on an ethnographic approach, centred about the world of entrepreneurs and their co-actors, in particular, African vendors and their customers, we thought to discover what comes into play in such situations - the process of social acknowledgement, of identity-driven negociations, and the possibilities of expressing contemporaneous identities. We carried out wider research, both ahead of and subsequent to the central body of work, concerning the specific integration of these African vendors in the Poitou-Charentes region, examining their commercial initiatives, their trading itineraries and their careers. At the center of our research we look into the question of intercultural communication - how do the individuals concerned together create a sense of "African-ness" ? and what are the identification process that these creations induce ? Lastly, our research takes a thematic look at the social networks and ritual involved activities, regarding them as practical resources, essential both to the organisation of trade and living together. Using a localised approach based on questions of mobility, we have attempted to gain insight into the ways in which African entrepreneurs use the opportunities that exist in the "post-Fordian"economy, through consumer-driven demand for various cultures in order to trade and to redefine. So, while African vendors help to construct ethnic boundaries and up-to date cultural stereotypes within the framework of commercial exchange, they are also participating to the construction of a kind of hybrid "world culture"
Moret, Frédéric. "Les socialistes britanniques et français et la ville : 1820-1850." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070013.
Full textThe thought of british and french socialists ou the city is full of rural nostalgy. The city is the place of the social cuisis, of economic, sanitary, architectural disovder. Urban conditions of life ( lodging, eating, education. . . ) avec used as argument for the socialist ideas promotion. Community will offer to its in habitants everything the city doesn't offer. However, the city has a very inportant place in the socialist theory. It is the place of history, progress, science, culture. Socialist militantism is only urban. Through the urban question, some socialists ( and particularly the fourievists) move to a politic approach
Bizien, Roland. "Une société urbaine relationnelle à la fin du XIXe siècle, Brest (1889-1915)." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006IEPP0028.
Full textThe design of a town, Brest in this case, and the different places of their private and social lives have a strong impact on the relationships between people. Interpersonal relationships seem to be quite spontaneous. Yet, if we look closer, we can perceive they are dependent on some definite codes. The surge of violence, whether physical or symbolical, is part of them. The enforcement of law and order by the municipal police reveals the quality of the surveillance system on groups and places. Police watch is at its strongest during big social events. Police intervention is based more on prevention than on repression. In this society where scarcity gave way to an increasing purchasing power, esteem and respect are a priceless asset. If the relationships are worsening at times, this doesn’t foretell the disappearance of such qualities as solidarity and generosity. Violent behaviours seem to be only part of the normal relationships between people, at least in most social backgrounds. Can we link this violence simply to vile instincts ? On the contrary, it seems to be caused by life in society (it seems to be fundamentally social), when the impulsive nature of some people, the strategies of some other people and the need to respect some social norms lead to a clash. Some social mechanisms are more easily understood if we take into account the policies of reconciliation, the decisions of the court magistrates, and the community work sentences. They reveal a society that is organised into a strong hierarchy and structured by complex domination relationships. Despite the tensions and the blows given, the people who have been studied seem to be recognized through their social identities and their common cultures
Guinard, Laurent. "Essai d'analyse anthropologique comparative de trois territoires urbains : (la cité F. Schneider à Paris, la cité des Fouilleuses à Rueil-Malmaison, le quartier de Cergy-Saint-Christophe)." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05H077.
Full textBased on three investigations "on ground", in framework of offices orders, between 1986 and 1989, a comparative work has been done with the followings dimensions : town-planning, sociological and anthropological. It concerns the social block "f. Schneider" (360 flats, 730 residents), "les fouilleuses" (900 flats, 2640 residents) and a district of Cergy-Pontoise : "Cergy-St-Christophe" (5 000 flats and houses, 12 000 residents in 1986). Every time, we have tried to identify what was specific and what was common at each respective unity. The specifics elements (architecture, urbans equipements, locals circumstances) have a light determination on social life, opposite to the observed common patterns : poverty, racism, social loneliness, idleness of young people. . . . These terms must not mask social complexity observed in each locality. As a matter of fact to determine an univocal image would be a glaring blunder simplification. This work "on ground" obliged us to interrogate about judiciousness of some terms used today as "ethnic group", "ghetto", "identity". . . The seem a bad application to explain social situation of France. Anthropology allows a good deciphering of these notions
Mauger-Fatome, Agnes. "Cherbourg 1720-1831 : démographie et croissance urbaine." Caen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CAEN1122.
Full text8the history of cherbourg is characterised by its geographical position on a peninsula facing england, and by the interest shown by the great ones of the kingdom : dimplomatic relations with england shaped its fate in the eighteenth and early nineteenth century. Its population grouth followed the same pattern : it went through a decline in the wake of the destruction of the port and its fortifications by the english in august 1758. Then, from 1780 on, the huge maritime works undergone under louis xvi brought about a change in its population and the growth of the city which was then faced with an influx of rural people coming for the most part from the "clos du cotentin". This arrival of immigrants let to a switch in people's mentality and their attitude to demography : they learnt how to control births and to curb the death of childrens over 10. In that sense, cherbourg followed the same tendancy as the norman cities in the eighteenth century ; in that regard cherbourg's specificity did not constitute an asset in the charges that occured in the late eighteenth century
Teissonnières, Gilles. "La tour Eiffel : ethnologie d'un espace touristique." Paris 5, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA05H050.
Full textThe phenomena of tourism is characterised by specific rythms linked with large quantities of mobility within a certain space. These characteristics necessitate an adapted methodology in order to attain a better understanding of the world, which in certain cases is demarcated less by specific territories. This research rests on ethnography of a touristic space called the Eiffel Tower. The subject of the study is situated in a town amongst a complex interplay of several animated activities. These factors must be taken into account in order to understand what the Eiffel Tower offers as a protean place and a condensed urban milieu. Using a diachronic perspective brings to light a model of a place that is consecrated as a central tourist space. In so far as world tourism is concerned, the Eiffel Tower is part of a transnational movement. It represents a paradigm of globalisation and the appoach of economic tourism, which drives and shapes the form it takes. The underlying implications and logic of this movement are analysed in a cross study of the area that concerns the behaviour and practices of its visitors in a place that is emblematic and defined by the groups that cross and come into contact with it. "The inventory of roles" that comes into play can be understood in a complex dynamic that is inherent in this specific movement. Any examination of these interactions that are established between different protagonists and the different territories superposed bring to the surface many questions in relationship to the "other". The transitory period in a tourist trip can be understood as a liminality phase that is linked to the idea of rites of passage. Taking everything into consideration the reoccurring behaviour of tourists associated and played out in a tourist setting can be understood and analysed as a secular ritual which makes the monument a transitional space in the city
Javelle, Aurélie. "Perceptions de la biodiversité par des agriculteurs sur une zone atelier du nord-est de la Bretagne et évaluation de leur rencontre avec des chercheurs en environnement ou La main et le stylo." Rennes 1, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00195967.
Full textThis thesis in environmental anthropology focuses on Breton farmers’perceptions of two matters chosen as possible ecological resilience objects of agricultural landscape components. The study of the setting of grassy patches shows a weak ecological and social relevancy. Imposing the regulation does not leave any initiative to farmers and then reduces its social acceptance and does not value local ecological specificities. On the opposite, the study of the reasons why the pruned trees are kept shows the farmers’creativity who freely adapt this traditional technique. These results orientate towards a participation management of the grassy strips in order to optimize the efficiency of the regulation. The presence of searchers on the site allow us to think about a dialogue between the different knowledge, and the legitimacy of the searchers presence
Soulabaille, Annaïg. "L'évolution économique et sociale de Guingamp aux seizième, dix-septième et dix-huitième siècles." Rennes 2, 1997. http://books.openedition.org/pur/8901.
Full textHow is it that over a period of three centuries (from the end of the fifteenth to the end of the eighteenth century), the population of Guingamp hardly developed (having between three thousand and four thousand inhabitants), whereas the city enjoyed a sight, economic activities and institutions that were on the whole favorable to its own development? The answer must probably be sought in its demographic structures (relatively late wedding age, high infant and juvenile mortality), as well as in a peculiar social basis (large number of clerics, and especially numerous religious communities, rather few members of the nobility, and a "third estate" made of many low wage earners), which could barely be helpful so far as the expansion of the town was concerned. One may also allow for the lack of spirit of individual enterprise among its inhabitants who - like the main tradesmen from the middle-class - could have afforded (mostly from a financial point of view) to change, or at least to shift, the way things went, but appear not to have been very enterprising people, as they were quite satisfied with their own business. The example of Jacques Le Brun in the seventeenth century is most appropriated. Prosperous as his business was, he would rather invest his wealth, accumulated through wine trading, in buying land or "stone" (buildings) than in commercial activity. So he managed very quickly to become an ally of some famous families belonging to Breton aristocracy, before becoming himself a member of the nobility, as he assumed the title of squire
Le, Squère Roseline. "Une analyse sociolinguistique des marquages du territoire en Bretagne : toponymie, affichage bilingue, identités culturelles et développement régional." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00189245.
Full textGuillevic, Catherine. "L'impact de l'implantation d'une ville nouvelle sur sa terre d'accueil : Lorient en Bretagne-Sud aux XVIIe-XVIIIe siècles." Lorient, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LORIL163.
Full textLorient, located halfway between Vannes and Quimper, was founded during the second half of the 17th century. Less than a century later it had achieved a major harbor city status. The basis of this growth stemmed from a royal decision to locate shipyards for the state-owned East Indian Trading Company, “Compagnie des Indes”, in the area. This was made possible by utilizing the local manpower and resources, thus encouraging the growth of the new town and its related activities. Much use was made of the locally available workforce, the local people’s maritime and agricultural knowledge, their material resources, as well as their experience in the surrounding environment and forests. The surrounding area was modified to meet the needs of this new city, starting with the coastal areas, and progressing inland. By altering the local area to support this growth, Lorient totally changed the local economical, social, cultural and political demographics. The change was so great that it impacted the whole region. The benefits of this new harbor city were felt throughout the whole surrounding area
Bavay, Reynald. "Planification et action territoriale : les limites de l'intervention publique : le cas de différentes aires urbaines en France, en Belgique et en Grande-Bretagne." Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50377-1999-19-1.pdf.
Full textLa, Gorce-Fouilland Brigitte de. "A la recherche de la décision urbaine, aménager les villes portuaires : Le Havre et Southampton." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001IEPP0005.
Full textThompson, Lance. "Américains à Paris : approche anthropologique des groupes transitoires en milieu urbain." Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA05H069.
Full textBaek, Seungman. "La ville écologique et le sentiment de la nature : une anthropologie des capitales d'Asie orientale à travers deux modèles, Changan et Paris." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0104.
Full textLe, Goff Erwan. "Les Villes-Santé en Bretagne : quels choix de gestion et d'aménagement des espaces ?" Phd thesis, Université Rennes 2, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00772443.
Full textBán, David. "La gare en tant que porte sociale de la ville." Paris, EHESS, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010EHES0077.
Full textThe present study focuses on various ways by which the social sciences have approached the phenomenon of the railway station. By examining different branches of the social sciences the author presents the railway station in its man y aspects -political, historical, symbolic and architectural. The study aims at understanding how the social sciences approached the railway station both from a methodological and an epistemological viewpoint. It answers these questions by presenting and analyzing the most important French and Anglo-Saxon historical, urbanistic, sociological and anthropological works on the subject. When dealing with the railway station, historians often take into account only its architectural history or its economical or political aspects. Sociologists, on the other hand, observe everyday uses of the railway station without considering their historical development. As for town planners, they are mostly interested in the problem of how to situate the railway station in the urban infrastructure. But urban anthropology, with its holistic point of view combined with its ethnographic methods, tries to provide a wider perspective. It’s aim is to understand the railways station as a social space having its own coherence as well as a place of individual and unique appropriations. The present work opens the possibility of developing future studies on Hungarian railway stations. The author considers using the works analyzed to initiate discussions on the large-scale reconstructions currently going on in Budapest and thereby suggests that the railway station should be conceived as a place-in-movement
Ahouansou, Kpedetin. "Devenir-Français.e n/noir.e : anthropologie réflexive et transversale des cosmpolitiques parisiennes au XXIe siècle." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020EHES0116.
Full textThis doctoral thesis is devoted to the collective and individual processes of subjectification of the French b/Black people in the Paris region. It is about mapping a diasporic political and aesthetic geography, in which they move to produce modes of subjectivities and, to describe the multiple resources on which they rely to constitute themselves as French citizens and/or political actors. Because subjectivities arise from various encounters and resistances that are constantly subject to movement, the study describes the daily life of French b/Black people according to a rhizomatic interpretation of the territory. That is to say, by (re) constituting - a Parisian cosmopolitan territory which is made up, on the same level, of several physical places (France, Europe, United States) to take the form of a social and historical scene, academic and media scene, but also social and fictional scene. The renewal of the issue leads us to explore a sprawling scene, where the attempt to institutionalize a collective body through the associative world is invited to move towards the daily life of the research participants. With the dissemination of the term "Black" in public space, the Republican convention of citizen neutrality is put to the test; the discourses that focus on phenotypic differences contribute to nourishing both subjectification processes and other desires of representation that overlap locally and internationally (national and international associations/organizations, public policies, circulation of scientific theories). While the study highlights the societal and historical transformations that participate in the emergence of a French b/Black subject since the two last decades and the related tensions that they produce (legal, political, academic, civic); it also makes it possible to show the effects of redundancies which characterize the French black singularity. It is the effects and affects which, in tension and repetition, are (re) negotiated individually and collectively –, within the vast and heterogeneous “resource-field” that is the diaspora, in an attempt to (re) create / represent, at the same time some differences and similarities that come together willy-nilly with other differences: gender, local, legal and national history, even international with Europe and the United States. Finally, it is about underlining that fact that the processes of subjectification of the French b/Black people have first to do with the possible. That is to say, that only the elusive and the creativity in the capacity of becoming-b/Black as opposed to a fixed identity
Delebarre, Agathe. "Mobilités périurbaines, diversification modale et nouvelle dynamique institutionnelle : quelles mutations dans la gouvernance et l’offre de mobilité pour plus d’équité dans les territoires périurbains des villes moyennes des Régions Bretagne et Hauts-de-France ?" Thesis, Littoral, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020DUNK0564.
Full textThe peri-urban space of medium-sized towns is marked by self-car-mobility, with a limited mobility option offer, and is a source of inequity for non-motorized or poorly-motorized people in a context of increased concentration of the role of urban centers. This sparsely populated area was still largely fragmented about metropolitan government structure, with a strong segmentation of jurisdictions. The NOTRe and MAPTAM laws have brought significant changes since January 2017, leading to a rise in the mobility jurisdictions of new conurbation communities and a strengthening of the Region's government as a leader in regional mobility. It is therefore questionable whether, in a peri-urban city of medium-sized towns, produced and dominated by car-mobility and self-car-mobility, whether these recent reforms are driving force behind a renewal and diversification of the mobility offer in these diffuse and low-density territories, allowing for better territorial equity?
Tichit, Laurence. "Quartiers Sud : socialisation entre pairs, délinquances juvéniles et construits ethniques : ethnicisation ou racialisation des relations sociales ? Effets de zone dans des collèges de quartiers populaires du sud de la France." Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR20823.
Full textLe, Lay Gwenaëlle. "Modélisation des interactions entre système anthropique et faune sauvage : la carte de risque appliquée à la gestion de la faune en milieu urbain." Rennes 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN10157.
Full textFaure, Pascale. "La construction culturelle d'un quartier : Plan Cabanes." Montpellier 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON30014.
Full textLe, Roy Nicolas. "Brest, de la ville militaire à la métropole occidentale de la Bretagne : constructions politiques de territoires et productions identitaires." Brest, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BRES1012.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is the study of the reconstruction of territorial identities. It correlates the changes occurring, since the seventies, in territorial planning policies in France - associated with the economic rationalization process- and the spatial and economic development strategy of Brest’s conurbation. Through the perspective of a political construction of territories the focus of the thesis, based on narratives related to identity from various territorial actors, is on the analysis of identity production related to a new, voluntary territorial structuring: the metropolis. Those actors are dedicated to illustrating, in words, the collective history of Brest. A thorough examination of their narratives shows that it advocates and participates in the transformations of participants’ identity: individuals’ previous forms of identification to Brest have lost their legitimacy as new forms are neither entirely established nor recognized
Vassal, Serge. "Recherches sur la géographie des ensembles universitaires en Europe occidentale : France République Fédérale Allemande, Royaume-Uni : problématique d'un système spatial." Paris 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA010650.
Full textHérisset, Roger. "Ethnologie des techniques de tressage en Bretagne : matériaux pour une nouvelle approche classificatoire de la vannerie." Thesis, Brest, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BRES0025.
Full textBasketry in Brittany has never been the prior subject of comprehensive study. Breton basketry exhibits both unique techniques and a great diversity of forms. Every family of basketry technique is represented within the study area. The types defined as “made of flexible materials” (buckthorn, wicker, chestnut) are for the first time here described in their entirety and put into perspective. In the course of research, a corpus of more than 100 objects, baskets and tools, was assembled. This study records the existence of native basket weaving traditions, for which the geographical boundaries are described, and hypotheses about the dynamics for their diffusion are defined. In the course of this study, a classification model has been developed for universal application, taking into account the relation of the basket weaver to the material. The author of this thesis draws on his double expertise as a craftsman and an academic researcher. The prolegomena permit epistemological synthesis and specify the different classification schools in this technical domain. Additionally, in interdisciplinary inquiry, the maps contribute to the recognition and the boundary definition of cultural exchange areas. A presentation of materials used in basketry in this region is detailed in the annex. It highlights the importance of the use of buckthorn, which has regressed, while the use of wicker has proportionally risen
Beschon, Marie. "Euroméditerranée ou la ville de papier : ethnographie du monde des aménageurs." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0135.
Full textDecreed Operation of National Interest in 1995, Euroméditerranée is an urban renewal project that stretches in the north of downtown Marseille. Demanding a new urbanism process, Euroméditerranée is presented as a project thought and implemented for the inhabitants. However, the result of its transformations and its rationality show a project more thought for a new population. In addition, while wanting to break with a functionalist and progressive urbanism, the planners of Euroméditerranée apprehend their missions as a “priesthood” in the service of a disaster-stricken city that could not achieve itself without Euroméditerranée. The urban planners of the Public Establishment of Administration of Euroméditerranée (EPAEM) are ready to "make the happiness of the city in spite of it". Thus, they recognize the conflict that may exist between their “social” claims and the reality of the project: whatever the reluctance of the inhabitants, the planners know what the city needs in a neoliberal society.Nevertheless, their "realism" does not exhaust their sensitivity. The observation of their daily practice shows planners aware of the limits of Euroméditerranée for the inhabitants already there, even able to criticize. In the privacy of their offices, they dissociate themselves from their senior management and denounce the lack of consideration of the inhabitants. How do these technical sensitivities reconcile with EPAEM's administrative machine and Euromediterranean "shock therapy"? With this thesis, I try to give an account of the world of the planners in their will of dialogue with the inhabitants starting from their "social sensitivity" and from the constraints which they have to deal with, even those they create themselves, namely the smacks of functionalist urbanism in a neoliberal context and the belief in a moral duty to act.Organized in three parts that gradually penetrate their daily lives, since the apprehension of Euroméditerranée according to its own terms of reference to the practices of planners through the analysis of their representations, my presentation reveals a world of planners in an unfit state for dialogue with the inhabited city. Disrupted by the neoliberal reason behind the project, they refuse to face the social impacts of their operations and are consoled with the idea of doing well for the inhabitants, even if the latter are unable to understand it. Observation of their daily lives also shows planners in the position of legitimate experts who decide the fate of the city in a close-minded, technician-like environment far from the inhabited city. From outsourced diagnoses, they manage quantified populations and digitized territories, and they operate on a city of paper that they flatten, crisscross and cut according to their needs. Nevertheless, these technicians do not appear as mere soldiers in the service of; they are active in the pursuit of objectives that they may intimately recriminate. They appear to be co-producers of their "social" incapacities, assuming Euroméditerranée as the only possible alternative to the Marseilles "crisis", perceiving themselves as those who know. Thus, this presentation suggests that the relationship between planners and inhabitants is a pragmatic and epistemological conflict that transforms the initial willingness of planners to dialogue with residents in a dialogue with a fictional paper city
Hucy, Wandrille. "La nature dans la ville et les modes d'habiter l'espace urbain : expérimentation sur l'agglomération rouennaise." Rouen, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ROUEL415.
Full textLa, Mache Denis. "Lieux communs : ethnologie de l'art d'habiter un grand ensemble H.L.M." Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0222.
Full textViolo, Gaëlle. "Héritage, patrimonialisation, revitalisation ? : approche ethnologique des transmissions de la langue bretonne en Bretagne (France) éclairées par celles de la langue française en Saskatchewan (Canada), dans les filiations." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01059795.
Full textDrouet, Jeanne. "La "performance contée" à l'épreuve des technologies audiovisuelles : des passerelles culturelles et sociales en images et en sons." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20092.
Full textThe investigation related in this thesis was conducted in Bretagne (France) and in urban areas of Lyon, in close collaboration with some contemporary storytellers. Most of their practice were formed in the wake of the so-called "revival of storytelling" that took place in France in the early 1970s. The present research provides an analysis of the oral performance, in order to better understand the scope of this practice – the social ties, acquaintances, encounters it creates -- and the causes of its social efficiency. In that aim, the fieldwork was considered under three ethnographic scales: the stage (when the enounciation is evaluated very closely), the wings (an observation of the creative process) and the context (ethnography that aims to understand social and cultural environment of storytelling). The methodology pretended to be experimental – searching by trial and error approach – reflexive and dialogic. Many devices were developed, most of them requiring the use of audiovisual technology.The itinerary proposed here starts with an immersion in the world of two Bretons storytellers, which shows why storytellers can be considered as "memory holders". Then, we make a "zoom" on the oral performance of storytellers; the ways they enter in stage, their choreography and the reception by audience are the subjects of a long examination. It follows that the storytellers inciting a situation in which the imaginaries cross. The last itinerary of research refers to the situations in which the storytelling is used as an instrument of social mediation. At that time, storytellers and their apprentices work to "put in their mouths" stories in which are expressed, beneath the surface, feelings of belonging, life experiences and through which social and cultural bridges are created
Baldermann-Cornec, Ute. "Urbanisme durable et potentialités de transferts d’expériences interculturelles entre Régions européennes : comparaison des démarches en Bretagne (France) et en Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (Allemagne) au croisement de la qualité urbaine durable et de la prospective paysagère." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011REN20042.
Full textMy urban planning dual culture (German and French), the works to implement of a device for encouraging the sustainable urban design, the innovation and the environmental excellence for the Brittany elected representatives, had been my personal questioning a long standing concern: Can we transpose extraterritorial experiences from one culture to another and methods to boost and develop the quality of the projects and the approaches of local actors? The answer to this question, determinant for my own professional practice and my standing concern, does not exist in the literature in 2005. Starting from the Brittany region, at first glance, the choice of the Saxony Land was required for comparison resulting of a twinning since 1995. After investigation, it turns out that only few concrete projects and actions were developed. This is, perhaps, not surprising given the very different territorial characteristics from Britain and Saxony (very industrial past, little agriculture, no coastline, many large cities).. Accordingly, the Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Land with its extensive coastline, its many islands, its economy which is shared between agriculture and tourism, seemed more interesting to compare (and for a future partnership, if my research would showed the real interest of collaboration on sustainable urban design). I am convinced of the relevance of the European regional level (the "region" in France and the "Land" in Germany) to introduce public policies and consistent urban planning strategies without losing the link with the mobilizing territorial identity.A State of art of the potential and limits of the transfer experiences introduced my thesis. A focus on the regional policies give a framework for the innovative devices specifically dedicated to the sustainable urban design and the prospective landscape (Eco-FAUR and Städtebau-und Dorferneuerungsprogramm) to place them in context. Comparison of 16 best and recent projects in Brittany and in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern allowed me to analyze in detail the approaches, methods, the intervention of the actors, the best and weak points of the projects. The face to face of these local examples give a framework on 8 topics currently in the discussions of the prospective and sustainable urban landscape Europeanexperts: the revitalization of the cities centers, the urban renewal, the urban landscapes, the great landscape and the city, the new rural dynamic, urban coastal planning, green tourism and urban eco-subdivisions as extensions. My analysis and exchanges with more than 250 actors led me some positive issues (under conditions) concerning the potential of enhanced cooperation between two non-adjacent European areas. My PhD thesis concludes with recommendations for the improvement of trade efficiency, because the interest for the innovative and concrete projects, and around a limited motivated actors group looks promising
Meine doppelte deutsch-französische Raumplanungskultur und meine Arbeit für Politiker der Bretagne (Aufbau eines Förderprogrammes für nachhaltigen Städtebau, Innovation und hohe Umweltverträglichkeit) machen aus meiner langjährigen persönlichen Fragestellung ein Thema der Aktualität: Kann man Erfahrungen, die auf einer anderen, außerterritorialen Planungskultur aufbauen transferieren, um die Qualität der Projekte und die Herangehensweise der Akteure vor Ort zu „dynamisieren“, zu verbessern ? Die Antwort auf diese Frage existierte im Jahr 2005 nicht in der wissenschaftlichen Literatur. Von der Bretagne ausgehend bot sich eigentlich Sachsen zum Vergleich an, da eine offizielleRegionalpartnerschaft seit 1995 besteht. Bei den Voruntersuchungen stellte sich aber heraus, dass sich sehr wenige Aktionen und konkrete Projekte entwickelt haben. Das ist vielleicht nicht verwunderlich wenn man sich die sehr unterschiedlichen territorialen Charakteristiken der Bretagne und Sachsens (Industriestandort, wenig Landwirtschaft, keine Küste und viele große Städte) vor Augen führt. So schien mir der Vergleich mit Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (ausgedehnte Küste mit Inseln, eine auf Landwirtschaft und Tourismus basierende Wirtschaftsstrukture) viel versprechender, vor allem wenn meine Forschungen ein reelles Interesse für eine Zusammenarbeit im Gebiet des Nachhaltigen Stadtbaus und der Landschaftsentwicklungsplanung aufzeigen sollten. Ich bin überzeugt, dass es der regionale Ansatz (die Region in Frankreich und das Land in Deutschland) ist, der im europäischen Rahmen kohärente Lösungen für lokale Entwicklungsstrategien hervorbringt, weil ein genügend großes Territorium mit der mobilisierenden Identität der Akteure verbunden werden kann. Eine Bestandsanalyse der positiven und negativen Faktoren für einen Erfahrungstransfer führtmeine Dissertation ein. Eine Fokussierung auf die Rahmenbedingungen (globale Regionalpolitik) ermöglicht, die beiden auf nachhaltigen Städtebau- und Landschaftsentwicklungsplanung spezialisierten Programme (Eco-FAUR und Städtebau- und Dorferneuerungsprogramm) einzuordnen. Der Vergleich von 16 innovativen und aktuellen Projekten der Bretagne und Mecklenburg- Vorpommerns gab mir die Möglichkeit, im Detail die Herangehensweisen, Methoden, Beteiligung derAkteure sowie die Stärken und Schwachpunkte der Projekte aufzuzeigen. Die Gegenüberstellung bedient sich 8, die aktuelle Fachdebatte der europäischen Experten in Städtebau und ländlicher Entwicklung anregende, Themen: Innenstadtrevitalisierung, Stadtumbau, Stadtlandschaft, Landschaftsplanung und Stadt, Dynamik des ländlichen Raumes, Küstenbebauung, Ökotourismus, Ökoquartiere. Meine Analyse und der Austausch mit über 250 Akteuren erlauben mir einen optimistische Einschätzung (unter entsprechenden Rahmenbedingungen) der Möglichkeiten der Intensivierungder Zusammenarbeit in den analysierten Gebieten und zwischen nichtbenachbarten europäischen Regionen. Meine Dissertation schließt mit Vorschlägen zur Verbesserung des Erfahrungsaustausches ab, da die Zusammenarbeit von motivierten, kleinen Gruppen von Akteuren mit konkreten, innovativen Projekten, vielversprechend erscheint