Dissertations / Theses: 'Anthropometric'

1

Kues, Arne Benjamin. "Essays in Anthropometric History." Diss., lmu, 2007. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-71862.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Corredor, Orlando A. "Anthropometric estimates for Colombian adults." FIU Digital Commons, 1994. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2643.

Full text

Abstract:

Knowledge of anthropometric dimensions is important for the design of workspaces and equipment. In a developing country, such as Colombia, no anthropometric survey for Colombian adults has yet been published. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assemble a Colombian adult anthropometric data set sufficiently accurate for design applications. An anthropometric survey was conducted on 134 Colombian adults living in South Florida. Twenty body dimensions were measured. Moreover, an anthropometric estimation method was selected, described and validated to be used as a reference when measurement of the user population is not possible. Anthropometric estimates, using the scaling ratio method, and those obtained in the survey were analyzed and compared with other population data. Tables are assembled and dimensional models are suggested which may be used as a design tool.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Hueston, Susan. "Anthropometric Analysis of the Cervical Spine." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1315947078.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Zehner, Gregory F. "Prediction of anthropometric accommodation in aircraft cockpits /." The Ohio State University, 2000. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1488203857251563.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Mate, Samuel Spicer. "Anthropometric human modeling on the shape manifold." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/3139.

Full text

Abstract:

The accuracy of modern digital human models has led to the development of human simulation engines capable of performing a complex analysis of the biometrics and kinematics / dynamics of a digital model. While the capabilities of these simulations have seen much progress in recent years, they are hindered by a fundamental limitation regarding the diversity of the models compatible with the simulation engine, which in turn results in a reduction in the scope of the applications available to the simulation. This is typically due to the necessary implementation of a musculoskeletal structure within the model, as well as the inherent mass and inertial data that accompany it. As a result a significant amount of time and expertise is required to make a digital human model compatible with the simulation. In this research I present a solution to this limitation by outlining a process to develop a set of mutually compatible human models that spans the range of feasible body shapes and allows for a “free” exploration of body shape within the shape manifold. Additionally, a method is presented to represent the human body shapes with a reduction of dimensionality, via a spectral shape descriptor, that enables a statistical analysis that is both more computationally efficient and anthropometrically accurate than traditional methods. This statistical analysis is then used to develop a set of representative models that succinctly represent the full scope of human body shapes across the population, with applications reaching beyond the research-oriented simulations into commercial human-centered product design and digital modeling.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Pena, Isis. "Utility-based data mining: An anthropometric case study." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27723.

Full text

Abstract:

One of the most important challenges for the apparel industry is to produce garments that fit the population properly. In order to achieve this objective, it is crucial to understand the typical profile of consumer's bodies. In this work, we aim to identify the typical consumer from the virtual tailor's perspective. To this end, we perform clustering analysis on anthropometric and 3-D data to group the population into clothing sizes. Next, we perform multi-view relational classification to analyze the interplay of different body measurements within each size. In this study, we analyze three different populations as contained in the CAESAR(TM) database, namely, the American, the Italian and the Dutch populations. Throughout this study, we follow a utility-based data mining approach. The goal of utility-base data mining is to consider all utility aspects of the mining process and to thus maximize the utility of the entire process. In order to address this issue, we engage in dimension reduction techniques to find a smaller set of body measurement that reduces the cost and improves the performance of the mining process. We also apply objective interestingness measures in our analysis of demographic data, to improve the quality of the results and reduce the time and search space of the mining process. The analysis of demographic data allows us to better understand the demographic nature of potential customers, in order to target subgroups of potential customers better.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Lau, Chi Bang Abe Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "Anthropometric study of the femur - an automated approach." Publisher:University of New South Wales. Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, 2009. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/43647.

Full text

Abstract:

Knowledge of anatomy is an elementary step towards the understanding of the human body. First used by Alphonse Bertillon as an identification system, anthropometry refers to the measurements of human individuals. In orthopaedics, comparative analysis is widely used in the understanding of morphological variance due to races, sex and pathological conditions. The characterization of bone and joint geometry has also been a foundation of modern surgical implant design. Traditional anthropometric studies rely on physical measurements by means of osteometric table. Recent advancements of 3-D imaging modalities and image processing techniques have empowered more fine-grained anthropometric characterization. The inspiration for the study is: - the understanding of anatomy originating from the clinical domain have shown to contribute to undesirable inconsistency in the image processing domain. - the difficulty of existing automated anthropometric methodology in handling pathological femur. - the tedious amount of manual and subjective work involved with the increasing amount of high resolution imaging data. The aim of the study is to: - develop a consistent and robust methodology in accurate extraction of anthropometric parameters on the femur. - increase the level of automation on the process of anthropometric parameter extraction. With the bridging of anthropometry and the image processing disciplines, a robust methodology of anthropometric parameter extraction with high level of automation was developed, implemented and tested. A dataset comprised of femoral CT scans of 19 healthy Australian, 10 healthy Japanese, 15 Japanese diagnosed with primary or secondary hip osteoarthritis and 20 adult sheep was utilized for testing. Intra-class correlation and Cronbach's α were extensively employed to evaluate the intra-rater, interrater and repeated scans consistency of the proposed methodology. High correlation values (mean > 0.95) were noted suggesting a high consistency of the methodology. All healthy and osteoarthritis human datasets were processed successfully. With the structural similarity between the sheep and human femur, the robustness was further demonstrated by accurate processing of the sheep dataset without the need of any modification of the underlying methodology. The methodology proposed is highly automated and requires very few user interactions in the parameter extraction stage.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Kennedy, Aaron P. "Investigations into obesity using anthropometric, serum and genetic markers/." Internet access available to MUN users only. Search for this title in:, 2010.

Find full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Zehetmayer, Matthias. "An Anthropometric History of the Postbellum US, 1847-1894." Diss., lmu, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-123214.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Sherrard, Adam. "Maternal anthropometric factors and the risk of cesarean delivery." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=81438.

Full text

Abstract:

The cesarean delivery rate in Canada has never been higher than it is now. To identify the contribution of pre-pregnancy adiposity and maternal weight gain to the risk of cesarean delivery, and evaluate to what extent these factors may account for temporal trends in primary cesarean delivery, we conducted an historical hospital-based cohort study of 63 390 deliveries at Montreal's Royal Victoria Hospital from 1978 to 2001. Pregravid adiposity and high net rate of gestational weight gain were associated with primary intrapartum cesarean delivery, and overweight and obese women with a previous cesarean were at higher risk for failing a trial of labour. Overall, women who were obese or overweight were more likely to fail a trial of labour, regardless of whether they had previously delivered by cesarean, but temporal trends in primary cesarean delivery could not be attributed to changes in maternal anthropometric factors.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

彭思敏 and Simin Peng. "Anthropometric assessments of adiposity and oral health among children." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/193429.

Full text

Abstract:

Systematic reviews were conducted to investigate the relationships between anthropometric assessments of nutritional status (adiposity) and caries experience among preschool and school-age (aged 6-12 years) children. Four relevant databases were searched for publications up to December 2011. Qualitative assessments were conducted and rated according to STROBE statement. Where feasible, quantitative syntheses were conducted. From a total of 2013 studies, 39 effective studies were identified for preschool children and 53 effective studies for school-age children. The mean ‘quality of reporting’ were 20.4 (SD 3.8) for the preschool studies and 21.4 (SD 3.9) for school-age studies. Qualitative syntheses were inconclusive about their relationships. Meta-analyses identified that preschoolers with high BMI had a greater dmfs/defs than those with normal BMI: pooled mean difference 0.93, 95% CI 0.65, 1.22, P < 0.05; and that children with low BMI had a lower dmft than those with normal BMI: pooled mean difference - 0.29, 95% CI -0.42, -0.15, P < 0.05. Among school-age children meta-analyses failed to identify any significant association. Among a random sample of 5-year-old children in Hong Kong, with a response rate of 83.1% (324/390), caries experience was associated with general adiposity (as assessed by W/H) and central adiposity (as assessed by WC). Regression analyses (adjusted for oral health behaviours and socio-demographic factors) identified that W/H z-score was associated with having caries, OR 1.41, 95% CI1.04, 1.91, P = 0.03; and ‘very high’ caries OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.05, 2.50, P = 0.03. WC z-score was associated with ‘very high’ caries experience, OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.06, 2.81, P = 0.03. Oral hygiene status was not associated with adiposity. Among a random sample of 12-year-old children in Hong Kong, with a response rate of 76.9% (514/668), oral health status was associated with adiposity. Regression analyses (adjusted for oral health behaviours and socio-demographic factors) identified that WHR z-score was associated with caries experience: ‘high’ (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.05, 1.70, P = 0.02), and ‘very high’ (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.10, 2.11, P = 0.01). TRSKF z-score was associated with ‘very high’ caries experience (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.10, 1.96, P = 0.01). WC z-score was associated with ‘unhealthy’ periodontal status (OR 1.33, 95% CI 1.01, 1.76, P = 0.04). Infant growth during the first year of life was associated with oral health at 12-year-old. Accounting for birth characteristics, socio-demographics and oral health behaviours, those with slow growth trajectories (Ⅰ- smallest birth weight and slow weight gain; and Ⅱ- smallest birth weight and average weight gain) had a greater likelihood of having a ‘high’ caries experience: OR 2.68, 95% CI 1.00, 7.16, P < 0.05 and OR 3.03, 95% CI 1.22, 7.51, P < 0.05, respectively, compared to average growth trajectory subjects. In addition, those with the fastest growth trajectory (heaviest birth weight and accelerated weight gain) had a greater likelihood of having a ‘high’ caries experience, OR 2.64, 95% CI 1.01, 6.91, P <0.05. Growth trajectories were not associated with periodontal health status at 12-year-old (P > 0.05).
published_or_final_version
Dentistry
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Khalil, Tamer. "A novel anthropometric master slave arm system for telepresence." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248543.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

de, Marvao Antonio. "Anthropometric and genetic determinants of cardiac morphology and function." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/56050.

Full text

Abstract:

Background Cardiac structure and function result from complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Population-based studies have relied on 2-dimensional cardiovascular magnetic resonance as the gold-standard for phenotyping. However, this technique provides limited global metrics and is insensitive to regional or asymmetric changes in left ventricular (LV) morphology. High-resolution 3-dimensional cardiac magnetic resonance (3D-CMR) with computational quantitative phenotyping, might improve on traditional CMR by enabling the creation of detailed 3D statistical models of the variation in cardiac phenotypes for use in studies of genetic and/or environmental effects on cardiac form or function. Purpose To determine whether 3D-CMR is applicable at scale, and provides methodological and statistical advantages over conventional imaging for large-scale population studies and to apply 3D-CMR to anthropometric and genetic studies of the heart. Methods 1530 volunteers (54.8% females, 74.7% Caucasian, mean age 41.3±13.0 years) without self-reported cardiovascular disease were recruited prospectively to the Digital Heart Project. Using a cardiac atlas-based software, these images were computationally processed and quantitatively analysed. Parameters such as myocardial shape, curvature, wall thickness, relative wall thickness, end-systolic wall stress, fractional wall thickening and ventricular volumes were extracted at over 46,000 points in the model. The relationships between these parameters and systolic blood pressure (SBP), fat mass, lean mass and genetic variationswere analysed using 3D regression models adjusted for body surface area, gender, race, age and multiple testing. Targeted resequencing of titin (TTN), the largest human gene and the commonest genetic cause of dilated cardiomyopathy, was performed in 928 subjects while common variants (~700.000) were genotyped in 1346 subjects. Results Automatically segmented 3D images were more accurate than 2D images at defining cardiac surfaces, resulting in fewer subjects being required to detect a statistically significant 1 mm difference in wall thickness. 3D-CMR enabled the detection of a strong and distinct regionality of the effects of SBP, body composition and genetic variation on the heart. It shows that the precursors of the hypertensive heart phenotype can be traced to healthy normotensives and that different ratios of body composition are associated with particular gender-specific patterns of cardiac remodelling. In 17 asymptomatic subjects with genetic variations associated with dilated cardiomyopathy, early stages of ventricular impairment and wall thinning were identified, which were not apparent by 2D imaging. Conclusions 3D-CMR combined with computational modelling provides high-resolution insight into the earliest stages of heart disease. These methods show promise for population-based studies of the anthropometric, environmental and genetic determinants of LV form and function in health and disease.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Шепєлєв, Анатолій Єгорович, Анатолий Егорович Шепелев, and Anatolii Yehorovych Shepieliev. "Comparison of anthropometric body features of highclass volleyball players." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2014. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/49248.

Full text

Abstract:

One of the factors determining skills of athletes in certain sport is body build features. Sport result depends a lot on morphologic features of the sportsman, that is one of the selective factors determining the sportsman's perspective. Purpose of research is studying of peculiarities anthropomentric and somatometric indices of super league, premier league and first league teams.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Шепєлєв, Анатолій Єгорович, Анатолий Егорович Шепелев, and Anatolii Yehorovych Shepieliev. "Anthropometric features of ukrainian national women’s team in biathlon." Thesis, Kaunas university of technology, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/29497.

Full text

Abstract:

У звязку з метою дослідження нами на базі Сумського державного університету були обстежені студентки, що проживали в Сумському регіоні та спортсменки- мастера спорту з біатлону під час зборів . Антропометричне обстеження було проведено згідно схеми В.В. Бунака. Метою дослідження було встановлення будови тіла студенток, спортсменок, а також кореляційних звязків маси тіла, росту з соматометричними показниками. При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/29497
В связи с целью исследования, нами на базе Сумского государственного университета были обследованны студентки,которые проживали в Сумськом регионе и спортсменки- мастера спорта по биатлону во время сборов на базе университета. Антропометрические исследования були проведены согласно схемы В.В. Бунака. Целью исследований явилось определение строения тела студенток, спортсменок занимающихся биатлоном, а также установление корреляционной связи массы, роста с соматометрическими показателями. При цитировании документа, используйте ссылку http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/29497
In accordance to the purpose of the study based on Sumy State University during the assembly of female biathlon team and team of students were examined. Anthropometric examination was conducted according to the scheme V. Bunak In the article the results of correlative analysis of body weight, height with somatometrical indices of the sportsmanship group and the main group are presented. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/29497

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Kerns, R. C. "The Relationship of Anthropometric Measures to Vertical Jump Height." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/60.

Full text

Abstract:

The capability to perform your best is an important aspect in the sport of soccer. The relationship between anthropometric measures to vertical jump height among NCAA Division I Women’s soccer players is a subject lacking sufficient scientific research. Purpose: To analyze this relationship, body mass and %body fat was correlated with un-weighted countermovement jump height to determine the strength of this relationship in NCAA DI female soccer players. Methods: Data from an ongoing athlete monitoring program from fourteen NCAA D1 female soccer players in the year 2007 was analyzed. Air Displacement Plethysmography (ADP) via a BOD POD (Life Measurement, Inc., Concord, CA) measured body composition. Height and weight were measured using BOD POD Scale (Life Measurement Inc., Concord, CA) and a stadiometer (Detecto Scale Program, Webb City, MO). To measure the strength characteristics, a Countermovement Jump was utilized. Those jumps were measured using force plates (Rice Lake Weighing Systems, Rice Lake, WI). Results: There was an inverse and moderate correlation (r = -0.371) between 0kg CMJ and %BF, and an inverse and trivial correlation (r = -0.034) between the 0kg CMJ and BM. Conclusion: The relationship between %BF and jump height has a larger impact on this particular group compared to the BM relationship with jump height, but they both however play a significant role in DI women’s soccer.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Mahoney, Catherine R. "Anthropometric Variation in California: A Study of Native American Populations." The University of Montana, 2008. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-05082008-132023/.

Full text

Abstract:

Physical anthropologists study the patterns of human morphology to observe the influence of genetics and environment on cranial form. The following study compares cephalic and nasal index means from four Native American populations using modern statistical methods, including one-way ANOVA tests and Games-Howell comparison tests. The individuals used were of only Native American ancestry, over the age of seventeen when the data was collected, and were divided into male and female samples. The climatic conditions of each of the regions are compared to examine the relationship between the mean cranial and nasal indices and the environments in which the populations lived. Previous research suggests that larger cephalic indices should be found in populations from colder climates and larger nasal indices should be found in populations from warmer climates. Some cases in which a significant difference in means was found between populations it followed the pattern predicted from the environmental differences, though one population (the Miwok) provided an exception.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Mahoney, Catherine Rose. "Anthropometric variation in California a study of Native American populations /." CONNECT TO THIS TITLE ONLINE, 2008. http://etd.lib.umt.edu/theses/available/etd-05082008-132023/.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Abounaja, S. S. "Anthropometric standards for Libyan children aged 6 to 17 years." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.510317.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

King, Karen, and 金穎和. "Anthropometric indices and cardiovascular risk factors in a Chinese population." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31970199.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Groll, Emily D. "Comparison of anthropometric and DXA measurements of regional body fat." Virtual Press, 2008. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1398712.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose: The primary purpose of this research study was to assess the degree of agreement between simple anthropometric measurements (i.e. body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio) and the measures of regional adiposity, with a primary focus on the androidlgynoid ratio, assessed using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). This secondary purpose of the study was to identify any significant correlations between the measures of regional adiposity, physical activity, and cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: Forty-eight subjects, 19 males (48.7 ± 16.9 years) and 29 females (43.6 ± 16.2 years), volunteered to participate in this study. Subjects underwent laboratory testing compromised of resting blood pressure, blood lipid analysis, waist & hip circumference, total body DXA scan, and a one week physical activity assessment. Results: Significant correlations were observed between body mass index and region body fat % (r = 0.84, 0.79), waist circumference and android fat % (r = 0.79, 0.75), and waist-to-hip ratio and androidlgynoid ratio (r = 0.72, 0.61) for men and women, respectively. Fasting insulin was correlated with region body fat %, android body fat %, trunk body fat %, and the android/gynoid ratio. The android/gynoid ratio was correlated with high density lipoproteins, very low density lipoproteins, triglycerides, and fasting glucose. There was a statistically significant negative relationship observed between average steps per day and body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, region body fat %, android body fat %, and trunk body fat %. Conclusions: This study found that there are strong relationships between simple anthropometric measures and regional body fat measures from the DXA. According to the data in the present study, body mass index, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio provide simple yet sensitive methods for the estimation of regional body fat in Caucasian males and females. In addition, this study found significant correlations between measures of the blood lipid profile, physical activity, and both simple anthropometric and DXA measures of regional body fat. Key words: android fat, body mass index, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, gynoid fat, obesity, waist circumference.
School of Physical Education, Sport, and Exercise Science

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

English, C. J. "Cytogenetic, anthropometric and inheritance studies of the fragile X syndrome." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374845.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

King, Karen. "Anthropometric indices and cardiovascular risk factors in a Chinese population." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B23424680.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Калмыкова, Э. Р. "Антропометрия и типы телосложения у жителей Донбасского региона." Thesis, Сумский государственный университет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31860.

Full text

Abstract:

Особенности телосложения имеют не только конституциональную, но и территориальную обусловленность. Учитывая данный факт, автора заинтересовала возможность выяснения специфических черт, присущих тому или иному соматотипу, в этнотерриториальной группе жителей Донбасского региона. При цитировании документа, используйте ссылку http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/31860

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Hinojosa, Richard. "The Interrelationships of Strength, Speed, Power and Anthropometric Measures in College Aged Women." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc500785/.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of the investigation was to determine the interrelationships of strength, speed, power and anthropometric measures in women. Sixty females ranging in ages from 18 to 25 volunteered as subjects. Subjects were measured for strength on the bench press, leg extension and leg curl, power vertical jump, speed--a 40 yard dash, body weight (BW) and fat weight (FW) using a scale and skinfold tests. The correlations for strength and power (.35 to .53), strength and speed (-.37 to -.56) and speed and power (-.45) were significant (p < .01). Partial correlations with (BW) and (FW) held constant were also significant, but were not significantly greater than their zero-order correlations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Sheehan, Paul Gordon. "Nothing human : narrative and human orientations in literary modernism." Thesis, Birkbeck (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.325346.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Bain, Duncan. "Development of a phantom for the assessment of patient support systems for the prevention of pressure sores." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.361806.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Wall, Elizabeth DeVane. "Household food security, dietary intake, and anthropometric assessment of Dominican children." Connect to this title online, 2007. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1202499078/.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Ruxton, C. H. S. "A nutritional and anthropometric study of school children in Lothian region." Thesis, Open University, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386814.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Karim, Enamul. "A longitudinal anthropometric study of mother-infants pairs from Dhaka, Bangladesh." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313924.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Mtsweni, Lungile Blessed. "The anthropometric and fitness characteristics of South African female basketball players." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2360.

Full text

Abstract:

Thesis (MTech (Sport Management))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2016.
Basketball in South Africa (SA) is viewed as a secondary and social sport, even at national level (Radovic, 2010). The South African female national basketball team is ranked 70 out of 73 countries globally (FIBA, 2014a). There are many possible reasons for the poor success of the team; one contributing factor could be their anthropometric and fitness characteristics. To date, there have been no published research studies investigating the anthropometric and fitness characteristics of female basketball players in SA. The primary aim of this study was to examine the anthropometric and fitness characteristics of SA female basketball players, in three groups: players in university, provincial leagues and those in the national squad. The secondary aim was to investigate the structures in place for managing and monitoring the strength and conditioning of these players. This research study is the first to examine and compare anthropometric and fitness characteristics of female basketball players at different playing levels in SA.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Astin, Angela DiDomenico. "Finger force capability: measurement and prediction using anthropometric and myoelectric measures." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30923.

Full text

Abstract:

Hand and finger force data are used in many settings, including industrial design and indicating progress during rehabilitation. The application of appropriate work design principles, during the design of tools and workstations that involve the use of the hand and fingers, may minimize upper extremity injuries within the workplace. Determination and integration of force capabilities and requirements is an essential component of this process. Available data in the literature has focused primarily on whole-hand or multi-digit pinch exertions. The present study compiled and examined maximal forces exerted by the fingers in a variety of couplings to both enhance and supplement available data. This data was used to determine whether finger strength could be predicted from other strength measures and anthropometry. In addition, this study examined whether exerted finger forces could be estimated using surface electromyography obtained from standardized forearm locations. Such processes are of utility when designing and evaluating hand tools and human-machine interfaces involving finger intensive tasks, since the integration of finger force capabilities and task requirements are necessary to reduce the risk of injury to the upper limbs.

Forces were measured using strain gauge transducers, and a modification of standard protocols was followed to obtain consistent and applicable data. Correlations within and among maximum finger forces, whole-hand grip force, and anthropometric measures were examined. Multiple regression models were developed to determine the feasibility of predicting of finger strength in various finger couplings from more accessible measures. After examining a wide variety of such mathematical models, the results suggest that finger strength can be predicted from easily obtained measures with only moderate accuracy (R2-adj: 0.45 - 0.64; standard error: 11.95N - 18.88N). Such models, however, begin to overcome the limitations of direct finger strength measurements of individuals.

Surface electrodes were used to record electromyographic signals collected from three standardized electrode sites on the forearm. Multiple linear regression models were generated to predict finger force levels with the three normalized electromographic measures as predictor variables. The results suggest that standardized procedures for obtaining EMG data and simple linear models can be used to accurately predict finger forces (R2-adj: 0.77 - 0.88; standard error: 9.21N - 12.42N) during controlled maximal exertions. However, further work is needed to determine if the models can be generalized to more complex tasks.
Master of Science

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

ROBINETTE, KATHLEEN M. "AN INVESTIGATION OF 3-D ANTHROPOMETRIC SHAPE DESCRIPTORS FOR DATABASE MINING." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1069446990.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Swisher, Anna Meisinger. "Anthropometric, Strength, and Power Determinants of Throwing Performance in Collegiate Throwers." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2009. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/1866.

Full text

Abstract:

The purpose of this study was to identify the anthropometric, strength, and power characteristics that best predict throwing performance. Seventeen male D-I throwers (age = 19.1 ± 1.2 y; body mass = 115.1 ± 15.3 kg; height = 1.85 ± 0.06 m) were assessed for maximum strength and power. A five variable linear regression (r = 0.94, r2 = 0.88, F(5,11) = 15.89, p < 0.001, SEE = 0.68) explained 88% of the variation in shot put (SP) performance. A five variable linear regression (r = 0.91, r2 = 0.83, F(5,11) = 10.509, p = 0.001, SEE = 1.18) explained 83% of the variation in weight throw (WT) performance. Both SP and WT correlated strongly with measures of explosive strength and power (r = 0.48-0.78). Best predictors of performance were static vertical jumps and 7.26 kilogram overhead shot throw; better throwers possess greater maximum strength and power.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Cicutti, Nicholas. "The effects of anthropometric parameters on a step ergometer task in children." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5073.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Regimbal, Marc. "Anthropometric, strength and hormonal effects of high-resistance weight-training in women." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5340.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Taddese, Zerihun. "Anthropometric status of Oromo women of childbearing age in rural southwestern Ethiopia." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=69736.

Full text

Abstract:

A community based, cross-sectional survey was undertaken of the anthropometric status of Oromo, non-pregnant women of child bearing age in Kersa subdistrict, southwest Ethiopia. The main purposes of this investigation were to determine normative anthropometric standards and to identify their important determinants. A structured questionnaire was administered by interviewers and anthropometric measurements were completed on 473 non-pregnant women randomly selected and stratified by 5 year age categories from 8 peasant associations. Women in this study sample were light with a mean (SD) weight of 46.9 (5.3) kg. Approximately three quarters weighed less than 50 kg and 34 (7%) less than 40 kg. Women's height averaged 155.5 cm with nearly 20% under 150 cm. The mean (SD) BMI was 19.4 (1.9) kg/m$ sp2$ and 35% of the women had a BMI lower than 18.5 kg/m$ sp2$. Means for all anthropometric measurements fell below the 10th percentile of the standard, NCHS reference for black women. No consistent predictor was found across the various anthropometric outcomes. In particular, all anthropometric outcomes were stable across age categories. The relationship between these anthropometric measures and adverse maternal or perinatal outcomes need to be validated.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Yasmin. "Coronary heart disease : relationships between some metabolic risk factors and anthropometric variables." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339727.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Korte, Janice. "South African anthropometric dimensions for the design of an ergonomic office chair." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006046.

Full text

Abstract:

Office chairs are becoming a modern status symbol in the workplace. Many individuals are seated on office chairs for most of the working day. As a result of using poorly designed chairs injury and discomfort are frequently experienced, most particularly lower back pain. Correct design of chairs is imperative, and must be user-centered. The aim of this investigation has been to gather anthropometric dimensions characteristic of the South African population, as this information has not been widely assimilated to date. Once collated, this information could be used in the design of an ergonomically correct office chair, suitable for the unique characteristics of the South African working population. Anthropometric dimensions were collected from 683 South Africans (comprising 448 South African females and 235 South African males) from pre-selected companies in major centres in South Africa (Johannesburg, Pietermaritzburg, Durban, East London, Grahamstown, Port Elizabeth and Cape Town). Measurements included participants’ personal information (age, sex, home language and ethnic group), basic anthropometric measures (stature, shoulder height, mass, and waist and hip circumference) as well as specific measures of fit of the individual to the specially designed, adjustable chair. Of the 448 females, 317 were Black females, 77 were White females, 35 were Coloured females and 19 were Indian/Asian females. Of the 235 males, 112 were Black males, 79 were White males, 26 were Coloured males and 18 were Indian/Asian males. Office chair dimensions for each ethnic group were represented and differences were noted. A comparison between a current office chair’s dimensions and the South African sample office chair’s dimensions indicated modifications that would need to be constructed to suit the South African sample. The conventional office chair is still the most widely accepted office chair due to its stability and support structures that maintain the correct sitting posture of the user. An ergonomic office chair needs to incorporate anthropometric dimensions worldwide.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Lelala, Ngoato Bruce. "Anthropometric Changes in a Prospective Study of 100 Patents Requesting Breast Reduction." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32773.

Full text

Abstract:

Background The anthropomometry of the “ideal” breast is well described, but changes that occur with enlarged breasts are not. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of nipple asymmetry in the horizontal plane and changes in the inframammary fold (IMF) in patients presenting with macromastia (defined as excessive development of the mammary gland by Merriam-Webster dictionary). Methods One hundred patients (200 breasts) presenting to the Plastic Surgery Clinic for bilateral breast reduction were enrolled in this study. Patient's characteristics captured for this study included age, body mass index (BMI), and breast anthropometric measurements, such as suprasternal notch to nipple, nipple to IMF, IMF projected to cubital fossa, midhumeral point, and nipple measurement from meridian. Basic univariate statistical analysis were performed to evaluate the impact of nipple asymmetry. Results The average age was 37 years (SD 12 years), and the median BMI was 33 (IQR 28-37). More patients presented with nipple asymmetry, of whom 45% were classified as lateral to meridian, 19% were classified as medial to the meridian, and 36% were classified as central to the meridian. Patients with lateral asymmetry and medial asymmetry has a significantly higher BMI (median BMI 35) compared with patients with central positioning (median 30). Increasing breast size was positively associated with nipple asymmetry, whereas BMI (R = - 0.30, P =0.003) and macromastia correlated negatively with IMF position (R= - 0.38), P= 0.0001). Conclusion In macromastia, nipple displacement from breast meridian, especially lateral displacement, is common and is aggravated by an increase in BMI. The IMF also descends, and this is also common in patients with a raised BMI. These changes have clinical implications.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Dawes, Timothy. "The anthropometric, environmental and genetic determinants of right ventricular structure and function." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/30634.

Full text

Abstract:

Background: Measures of right ventricular (RV) structure and function have significant prognostic value. The right ventricle is currently assessed by global measures, or point surrogates, which are insensitive to regional and directional changes. We aim to create a high-resolution three-dimensional RV model to improve understanding of its structural and functional determinants. These may be particularly of interest in pulmonary hypertension (PH), a condition in which RV function and outcome are strongly linked. PURPOSE To investigate the feasibility and additional benefit of applying three-dimensional phenotyping and contemporary statistical and genetic approaches to large patient populations. Methods: Healthy subjects and incident PH patients were prospectively recruited. Using a semi-automated atlas-based segmentation algorithm, 3D models characterising RV wall position and displacement were developed, validated and compared with anthropometric, physiological and genetic influences. Statistical techniques were adapted from other high-dimensional approaches to deal with the problems of multiple testing, contiguity, sparsity and computational burden. Results: 1527 healthy subjects successfully completed high-resolution 3D CMR and automated segmentation. Of these, 927 subjects underwent next-generation sequencing of the sarcomeric gene titin and 947 subjects completed genotyping of common variants for genome-wide association study. 405 incident PH patients were recruited, of whom 256 completed phenotyping. 3D modelling demonstrated significant reductions in sample size compared to two-dimensional approaches. 3D analysis demonstrated that RV basal-freewall function reflects global functional changes most accurately and that a similar region in PH patients provides stronger survival prediction than all anthropometric, haemodynamic and functional markers. Vascular stiffness, titin truncating variants and common variants may also contribute to changes in RV structure and function. Conclusions: High-resolution phenotyping coupled with computational analysis methods can improve insights into the determinants of RV structure and function in both healthy subjects and PH patients. Large, population-based approaches offer physiological insights relevant to clinical care in selected patient groups.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Bomhardt, Ramona [Verfasser]. "Anthropometric Individualization of Head-Related Transfer Functions Analysis and Modeling / Ramona Bomhardt." Berlin : Logos Verlag, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1139921665/34.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

De, Vos Alphons Cornelius 1962. "Prediction of minimum wrestling weight in adolescent wrestlers by using anthropometric measures." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276594.

Full text

Abstract:

Fifty-five wrestlers from Tucson, Arizona were studied to develop equations using anthropometric measurements to predict a wrestler's minimum wrestling weight (MWW). This sample was also used to cross-validate seven equations that predict MWW by using anthropometric measures. All estimates of percent fat and MWW were validated by densitometry. The mean age, weight, percent fat and MWW for this sample, with standard deviations, were 16.8 ± 1.1 yrs, 63.7 ± 12.7 kg, 8.8 ± 5.49 percent, and 60.6 ± 9.49 kg. Using multiple regression analysis, the best combination of variables predicted MWW with an adjusted R2 of.93 and standard error of estimate (SEE) of 2.45 kg. The next best equation from this sample predicted MWW with an adjusted R2 of.91 and SEE of 2.8 kg. All seven of the equations from other samples were successfully cross validated on this sample. These equations predicted the criterion MWW with respective adjusted R2's and SEE's ranging from.91 and 2.84 kg to.79 and 4.28 kg.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Coyne, Joseph. "Influence of anthropometric and upper body strength qualities on surfboard paddling kinematics." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2015. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1664.

Full text

Abstract:

Competitive surfing is an international professional water sport of which a key factor in performance appears to be surfboard paddling ability. Research on surfing performance is relatively novel and there is very limited data as to how anthropometric and upper extremity strength variables influence not just surfboard paddling but also surfing ability. PURPOSE: The purpose of this research was threefold. The first purpose was to evaluate the reliability of Pull Up and Dip 1RM strength assessments, the ratio between the two exercises, and a surfboard endurance paddle assessment. The second purpose was to establish if there were discriminative factors between competitive and recreational surfers on these measures, and correlations between anthropometric, strength and paddling variables. The final purpose was to determine if upper extremity maximal strength training would improve surfboard paddling performance. METHODS: Thirty-six male surfers (29.7 ± 7.7 years, 177.4 ± 7.4cm, 76.7 ± 9.9kg) participated in this research. Subjects performed a tempo and range of motion controlled 1RM Pull and Dip assessment followed by a timed 400m endurance paddle on 2 days with 7 days separating testing sessions. Reliability was assessed by Intra-Class Correlation (ICC), Percent Coefficient of Variation (%CV) and Typical Error (TE). These tests along with a 15m sprint paddle test and additional anthropometric assessments were evaluated to determine if correlations between tests existed and if there were any differences between competitive and recreational surfers. Subjects were then placed into either intervention or control groups with the intervention group training the Pull Up and Dip exercises three times per week for 5 weeks. RESULTS: All performance measures were considered reliable (ICC 0.96, 0.97 and 0.99; %CV 2.22, 2.41 and 2.01 for Relative 1RM Pull Up, Dip and 400m paddle respectively). A relative 1RM dip : pull up ratio of 1.11 was established. Fat mass and relative arm span were both correlated with paddling speed across sprint (p=0.02 to 0.04 and 0.01 respectively) and with even greater statistical power for endurance (p=0.01 andd=0.62-1.05). CONCLUSIONS: Performance measures of 1RM Pull Up and Dip strength and endurance paddling are reliable when assessing upper extremity strength qualities in male surfers. Relative strength in the Pull Up and Dip are both correlated with sprint paddling ability. Significant differences in relative arm span and endurance paddling ability between competitive and recreational surfers appear to exist. Further, upper extremity maximal strength training can improve paddling ability in surfers; and especially so in weaker surfers.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Guerfi, Ababsa Souhila. "Authentification d’individus par reconnaissance de caractéristiques biométriques liées aux visages 2D/3D." Thesis, Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008EVRY0032/document.

Full text

Abstract:

Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le domaine de l’authentification de visage, en particulier dans le cadre du projet national « TechnoVision ». Bien que les êtres humains puissent détecter/reconnaître des visages dans une scène sans beaucoup de peine, construire un système qui accomplit de telles tâches représente un sérieux défie. Ce défi est d’autant plus grand lorsque les conditions d’acquisition des images sont très variables. Il existe deux types de variations associées aux images de visages : inter et intra sujet. La variation inter-sujet est limitée à cause du fait que la ressemblance physique entre les individus est assez rare. Par contre la variation intra-sujet est plus courante à cause, par exemple, des variations de poses, des changements dans les conditions d’éclairage, etc. Dans cette thèse, nous avons d’abord développé une approche de localisation de visage et de ses caractéristiques pour des images ne contenant qu’un seul visage sur un fond relativement uniforme avec des variations de lumière. Pour cela nous avons proposé une approche robuste de segmentation couleur dans l’espace TLS qui repose sur l’algorithme de ligne de partage des eaux modifiée. Pour l’extraction des régions caractéristiques faciales (yeux et bouche), nous avons combiné la méthode de classification kmeans avec une approche géométrique et nous l’avons appliqué sur la région du visage segmentée. Nous avons aussi proposé une approche multimodale 2D/3D qui repose sur la fusion pondérée des scores de l’approche « EigenFace » modulaire avec la signature anthropométrique 3D de visage. Nous avons évalué nos approches 3D et 2D/3D de reconnaissance du visage sur une sous-base de IV2 qui contient des images stéréoscopiques de visage. Les résultats obtenus sont très intéressants en comparaison avec les techniques classiques de reconnaissance 2D de visage. Enfin, nous avons discuté les perspectives d’amélioration des approches proposées
This thesis deals with the face authentification problem, in particular within a national project framework, namely "TechnoVision". Although the human beings can detect/recognise faces in a scene without much of sorrow, build a system which achieves such tasks is very challenging. This challenge is all the more large when the conditions of images acquisition are variable. There are two kinds of variations associated to the face images: inter and intra subject. The inter-subject variation is limited because owing to the fact that the physical resemblance between the individuals is rather rare. On the other hand, the intra-subject variation is more current because of pose changing, lighting conditions, etc. In this thesis, we developed, first, an approach for face and facial features localization in images containing only one face on a relatively uniform background within light variations. For that we proposed a robust colour segmentation approach in the TLS space which uses a modified watershed algorithm. To extract the facial features (like eyes and stops), we combined a kmeans clustering method with a geometrical approach and applied it on the segmented region of the face. We also proposed a 2D/3D multimodal approach which uses a weighted fusion of the scores obtained by the modular “EigenFace” and our 3D anthropometric facial signature. We evaluated our 3D and 2D/3D face recognition approaches on a sub base of IV2 which contains stereoscopic images of several human faces. The obtained results are very interesting compared to classical techniques of 2D face recognition. Finally, we discussed how to improve the performances of the proposed approaches

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Meidell, Katrin Liza. "Epidemiological Evaluation of Pain Among String Instrumentalists." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc68015/.

Full text

Abstract:

Pain and performance anxiety (PA) are common problems among string players. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess and compare PA and prevalence rates and locations of pain in violinists, violists, cellists, and bassists. Subjects completed a questionnaire that included sections on demographics, musical background, practice habits, musculoskeletal problems, non-musculoskeletal problems, and PA. Anthropometric data were gathered on all 115 subjects. Results show that there are differences in both pain and PA across instrument groups. Violinists reported the highest number of pain sites, followed by violists, bassists, and cellists. The left shoulder was the most-often reported pain site, followed by the neck and right shoulder. Aching was the most cited term selected to describe pain. Several anthropometric indices were significantly correlated with pain, notably right thumb to index finger span in both cellists and bassists. In all instrument groups, at least one pain site was significantly correlated with one of four PA questions. Results warrant the development of intervention strategies and further study of the relationship between pain and performance anxiety.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Charbonneau, Guylaine. "Anthropometric correlates and underlying risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus among Inuit." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97924.

Full text

Abstract:

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is an emerging problem among Inuit of Circumpolar Countries. However, Canadian Inuit health surveillance data are limited. Data from the Nunavik Health Survey were used to evaluate the prevalence of overweight and obesity using the observed body mass index (BMIob) and the standardized BMI adjusted for sitting height (BMIstd). Also, data from Pangnirtung, Nunavut in the Baffin Region pilot health screening were used to evaluate anthropometric correlates of indices of insulin resistance. Obesity among the Nunavik study population (29.8%) is more prevalent than among general Canadians (23.1%), but the prevalence rates are more comparable when using BMIstd (21.5%). In Pangnirtung, anthropometric measures BMIob, BMIstd, waist circumference and percent body fat were associated with indices of insulin resistance/sensitivity (p ≤ 0.05). BMIstd showed similar results to BMIob and does not better predict the indices of insulin resistance/sensitivity.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Gill, Simeon. "Determination of Functional Ease Allowances using anthropometric measurement for application in pattern construction." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.491840.

Full text

Abstract:

This research arises from the awareness that the construction of a garment pattern requires satisfaction of complex variables to ensure finished garments fit and function correctly. Current pattern construction systems rely heavily on trial and error for their satisfaction, with little objective indication of ease requirements or insight into pattern philosophy. This study combines anthropometric measurements, pattern construction and human movement to investigate functional change and provide guidance on functional ease requirements to enable better fitting and functioning garments.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Pomeroy, Emma Elizabeth. "The bioarchaeology of adaptation to Andean environments : a combined osteometric and anthropometric approach." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610423.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Henriksson, Pontus. "Body composition of parents and their infants : methodological, anthropometric, metabolic and genetic studies." Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för kliniska vetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-117435.

Full text

Abstract:

Body composition in infancy may be of importance for later health. In particular, infant body composition may be relevant regarding obesity risk in childhood. Recent advances in body composition methodology using air displacement plethysmography (ADP) have provided possibilities to accurately measure body composition of infants in a quick and non-invasive manner. The aims of this thesis were to study associations of parental body composition using ADP, glucose homeostasis during pregnancy and infant genetics with infant body composition also using ADP. When using ADP in adults, a correction for the thoracic gas volume (TGV) is needed and TGV can be predicted using equations developed in nonpregnant adults. Thus another aim was to study the validity of using such equations during pregnancy. Parent couples were invited to this study at a routine visit to a maternity clinic in Linköping between September 2008 and October 2010. When the mother was in gestational week 32, parental body composition using ADP and maternal glucose homeostasis variables were assessed. Size and body composition of healthy, singleton and full term (≥ 37 gestational weeks) infants were measured at 1 and 12 weeks of age and a total of 211 infants were included in the studies. Weight and length at 1 year of age were reported by parents. Saliva samples were collected from the infants to obtain DNA for genotyping of the fat mass and obesity associated (FTO) gene. Body composition results calculated using measured and predicted TGV were compared in 27 women. Results showed that predicted TGV yields a very marginal overestimation (0.5 %) of fat mass (FM). Further, each kg increase in maternal and paternal fat-free mass (FFM) was associated with 15.6 g (P=0.001) and 9.1 g (P=0.007), respectively, more FFM in their 1-week old infants. FM of fathers was not related to infant FM. However, maternal FM was positively associated with FM of daughters (5.8 g/kg, P=0.007), but not of sons (P=0.79) at 1 week of age. Similarly, each standard deviation increase in maternal HOMA-IR (homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance) was related to 52.7 more g of FM (P<0.001) in 1-weekold daughters, but no such relationship was found for sons (P=0.79). The number of risk alleles at the FTO locus rs9939609 was not associated with infant body mass index (BMI) or infant FM at 1 or 12 weeks of age. However, the number of risk alleles was positively associated (P≤0.033) with infant length at 1 and 12 weeks of age, and the results suggested that this association was stronger in boys than in girls. The results presented in this thesis show that: i) The use of predicted TGV when applying ADP in gestational week 32 overestimated % FM only slightly. ii) Associations between parental and infant body composition are present early in life. Thus, parental FFM was positively related to FFM in 1-week-old infants. Furthermore, maternal FM and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were positively related to FM of 1-week-old daughters, but no such relationships were observed for sons. iii) The FTO genotype is not associated with infant body fatness at 1 or 12 weeks of age. However, the results suggested that the number of FTO risk alleles is positively associated with infant length, especially in boys. In conclusion, parental and genetic factors were associated with infant size and body composition and these relationships may be of importance for future body composition and health.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Anthropometric'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles