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Journal articles on the topic 'Anti-Semitic'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 March 2023

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1

Birnbaum, Pierre. "The French Radical Right: From Anti-Semitic Zionism to Anti-Semitic Anti-Zionism." Journal of Israeli History 25, no. 1 (March 2006): 161–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13531040500502502.

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2

Rosenbaum, Ron. "Anti-Semitic and Anti-Christian Attitudes." Chesterton Review 28, no. 3 (2002): 417–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/chesterton200228383.

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3

Berdiansky, Charles S. "Threats and Anti-Semitic Blaming." Psychological Reports 81, no. 3 (December 1997): 997–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1997.81.3.997.

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A strategy for efficiently and effectively reducing anti-Semitic stereotyping was presented, supported by the results of a questionnaire responded to by 15 randomly selected students between the ages of 18 and 32 years, at L.I.F.E. Bible College (associated with the Pentacostal Four-Square Church) in San Dimas, CA in 1993. Relationships predicted among stereotypic blaming and related threats were supported by the data—principally, that very negative combinations of common blamings called compound blamings, e.g., “Jews are rich because Jews are more dishonest,” correlated significantly with a large group of far less negative anti-Semitic Warnings and related threats. It was argued that a single compound blaming when deconditioned in a classroom, would be more effective in reducing over-all anti-Semitic blaming than deconditioning any other blaming or by using the more traditional group discussion or lecture methods for reducing prejudicial attitudes.

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4

Corrigan, Edward C. "Is Anti-Zionism Anti-Semitic? Jewish Critics Speak." Middle East Policy 16, no. 4 (December 2009): 146–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4967.2009.00421.x.

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5

Feinberg, Ayal K. "Homeland Violence and Diaspora Insecurity: An Analysis of Israel and American Jewry." Politics and Religion 13, no. 1 (July 5, 2019): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1755048319000099.

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AbstractJews and Jewish institutions have suffered the majority of reported religion-motivated hate crimes in the United States for nearly two decades. According to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), in 2014 the 609 reported anti-Semitic incidents made up 59% of all religious bias hate crimes alone. Rates of reported anti-Semitic hate crimes vary considerably over the course of a year. Yet, little scholarly attention has been given to what factors cause reported anti-Semitic hate crimes to fluctuate so substantially in the United States. This paper hypothesizes that violent Israeli military engagements are critical in explaining weekly surges of reported anti-Semitic hate crimes. Utilizing FBI hate crime data from 2001 to 2014 and fixed effects negative binomial regression models, consistent findings underscore that violent Israeli military engagements significantly increase the likelihood of a state reporting anti-Semitic hate crime. Most dramatically, their occurrence increases the likelihood of reported hate crime intimidating individuals or characterized as violent by nearly 35%. This paper underscores that homeland perpetrated violence can directly impact the security of diaspora communities.

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6

Byford, Jovan, and Michael Billig. "The emergence of anti-Semitic conspiracy theories in Yugoslavia during the war with NATO." Sociologija 47, no. 4 (2005): 307–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/soc0504307b.

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Byford and Billig examine the emergence of anti-Semitic conspiracy theories in the Yugoslav media during the war with NATO. The analysis focuses mainly on Politika, a mainstream daily newspaper without a history of anti-Semitism. During the war, there was a proliferation of conspiratorial explanations of western policies both in the mainstream Serbian media and in statements by the Yugoslav political establishment. For the most part such conspiracy theories were not overtly anti-Semitic, but rather focused on the alleged aims of organizations such as the Bilderberg Group, the Council on Foreign Relations and the Trilateral Commission. However, these conspiracy theories were not created de novo; writers in the Yugoslav media were drawing on an established tradition of conspiratorial explanations. The tradition has a strong anti-Semitic component that seems to have affected some of the Yugoslav writings. Byford and Billig analyze anti-Semitic themes in the book The Trilateral by Smilja Avramov and in a series of articles published in Politika. They suggest that the proliferation of conspiracy theories during the war led to a shifting of the boundary between acceptable and non-acceptable political explanations, with the result that formerly unacceptable anti-Semitic themes became respectable. This can be seen in the writings of Nikolaj Velimirovic, the Serbian bishop whose mystical anti-Semitic ideas had previously been beyond the bounds of political respectability. During the war, his ideas found a wider audience, indicating a weakening of political constraints against such notions.

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7

Bischof, Karin. "Austrian postwar democratic consensus and anti-Semitism." Democracy and Discriminatory Strategies in Parliamentary Discourse 17, no. 5 (September 13, 2018): 676–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.18033.bis.

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Abstract This paper explores the relation between the use of anti-Semitic rhetoric in post-war Austrian parliamentary debate and the development of the consensus-oriented, corporatist model of Austrian democracy, the “consociational model,” between 1945 and 1955. Specifically, this paper examines the anti-Semitic stereotypes found in parliament, an arena where “the sayable” of official politics is defined, and whether such anti-Semitic stereotyping serves political-strategic purposes. The predominant pattern of exclusion proves to be the attribution of ambivalence, drawing on the repertoire of nationalist anti-Semitic stereotypes, depicting “emigrants” as “cowards,” incapable of love for and defense of their countries. The analysis shows this pattern of exclusion is rooted in an ethnicized, homogeneous, and masculinist understanding of the people – recurrent in contemporary right-wing movements and parties. It follows the lines of Carl Schmitt’s concept of the political, in which the distinction of “friend” and “enemy,” and hence, the eradication of pluralism and ambivalence, is pivotal.

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8

Rickenbacher, Daniel. "The Centrality of Anti-Semitism in the Islamic State’s Ideology and Its Connection to Anti-Shiism." Religions 10, no. 8 (August 16, 2019): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel10080483.

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The Islamic State (ISIS) has repeatedly targeted Jews in terrorist attacks and incited against Jews in its propaganda. Anti-Semitism and the belief that Jews are engaged in a war against Islam has been central to Islamist thought since its inception. Islamist anti-Semitism exposes the influence of both Western conspiracy theories and Islamic traditions. This article studies the anti-Semitic themes propagated by ISIS and investigates their ideological foundations. It bases itself on an analysis of articles published in Dabiq, ISIS’ English language online magazine in the period 2014–2016. This study shows that ISIS’ relationship with Western-inspired anti-Semitic conspiracy theories is inconsistent, vacillating between rejection and acceptance. ISIS holds an apocalyptic, anti-Semitic worldview, which claims that the Shia denomination is a Jewish invention to sow disunity among Muslims and that Shia and Jews are working together to destroy Islam. ISIS’ anti-Semitism and anti-Shiism are thus inherently connected. It is vital to correctly assess the anti-Semitic ideological foundations of contemporary Islamism and Jihadism to best understand the movement. Learning about this will help lawmakers, scholars and practitioners develop strategies to deal with these movements and counter their message.

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9

Baum, Steven K. "Christian and Muslim Anti-Semitic Beliefs." Journal of Contemporary Religion 24, no. 2 (May 2009): 137–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13537900902816632.

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10

Lomnitz, Claudio. "Anti-Semitism and the Ideology of the Mexican Revolution." Representations 110, no. 1 (2010): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rep.2010.110.1.1.

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This essay traces the development of the ideology that cast Mexico's prerevolutionary technocratic elite, the so-called cientííficos, as the masterminds of the country's ruination. It shows that anti-cientíífico discourse took the shape of anti-Semitic ideology, even though there were no Jews in the group. Anti-cientíífico rhetoric was first created by applying anti-Semitic invective taken directly from the Dreyfus Affair. The implications for Mexico's revolutionary nationalism are explored in the conclusion.

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11

Marquardt, Franka. "Beyond imagery: new approaches to the analysis of literary antisemitism and a casestudy of Thomas Mann's Buddenbrooks." Nordisk Judaistik/Scandinavian Jewish Studies 21, no. 1-2 (September 1, 2000): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.30752/nj.69566.

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The most common approach when analyzing literary antisemitism is to explore the “image of the Jew” in literary texts. At a closer look, this focus entails several problems, ranging from a neglect of other anti-Semitic elements in the text, to the risk that this method results in reproducing these anti-Semitic patterns of thought. By questioning this method, the focus shifts to other levels in the literary texts, which may reveal an anti-Semitic “sub-text” although the imagery seems harmless. What these literary levels are and how they interact is exemplified by two examples from Thomas Mann’s Buddenbrocks. The results shed new light on his Nobel prize-winning first novel.

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12

Voigtländer, Nico, and Hans-Joachim Voth. "Nazi indoctrination and anti-Semitic beliefs in Germany." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 26 (June 15, 2015): 7931–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1414822112.

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Attempts at modifying public opinions, attitudes, and beliefs range from advertising and schooling to “brainwashing.” Their effectiveness is highly controversial. In this paper, we use survey data on anti-Semitic beliefs and attitudes in a representative sample of Germans surveyed in 1996 and 2006 to show that Nazi indoctrination––with its singular focus on fostering racial hatred––was highly effective. Between 1933 and 1945, young Germans were exposed to anti-Semitic ideology in schools, in the (extracurricular) Hitler Youth, and through radio, print, and film. As a result, Germans who grew up under the Nazi regime are much more anti-Semitic than those born before or after that period: the share of committed anti-Semites, who answer a host of questions about attitudes toward Jews in an extreme fashion, is 2–3 times higher than in the population as a whole. Results also hold for average beliefs, and not just the share of extremists; average views of Jews are much more negative among those born in the 1920s and 1930s. Nazi indoctrination was most effective where it could tap into preexisting prejudices; those born in districts that supported anti-Semitic parties before 1914 show the greatest increases in anti-Jewish attitudes. These findings demonstrate the extent to which beliefs can be modified through policy intervention. We also identify parameters amplifying the effectiveness of such measures, such as preexisting prejudices.

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13

Heskes, Irene, Marc A. Weiner, Richard Wagner, and William Ashton Ellis. "Richard Wagner and the Anti-Semitic Imagination." Notes 53, no. 1 (September 1996): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/900285.

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14

Cerf, Steven R., and Marc A. Weiner. "Richard Wagner and the Anti-Semitic Imagination." German Quarterly 69, no. 3 (1996): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/407677.

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15

Furness, Raymond, and Marc A. Weiner. "Richard Wagner and the Anti-Semitic Imagination." Modern Language Review 92, no. 3 (July 1997): 796. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3733492.

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16

Vink, Renée. "“Jewish” Dwarves: Tolkien and Anti-Semitic Stereotyping." Tolkien Studies 10, no. 1 (2013): 123–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/tks.2013.0003.

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17

Plass, Hanno, and Bill Templer. "Der Welt-Dienst: International Anti-Semitic Propaganda." Jewish Quarterly Review 103, no. 4 (2013): 503–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/jqr.2013.0031.

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18

Herzog, Hillary Hope. "Richard Wagner and the Anti-Semitic Imagination." MLN 110, no. 4 (1995): 985–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mln.1995.0066.

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19

Aronsfeld, C. C. "The first anti‐Semitic international 1882–83." Immigrants & Minorities 4, no. 1 (March 1985): 64–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02619288.1985.9974597.

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20

Casillo, Robert. "Ezra Pound: The Marxist Anti-Semitic Zionist?" Journal of American Culture 17, no. 3 (September 1994): 49–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1542-734x.1994.t01-1-00049.x.

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21

Prnjat, Aleksandar. "Anti-semitic discourse as linguistic expressive paternalism." Kultura, no. 134 (2012): 395–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/kultura1234395p.

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22

Dahlmann, Hans-Christian. "Die antisemitische Kampagne in Polen 1968." Jahrbücher für Geschichte Osteuropas 56, no. 4 (2008): 554–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.25162/jgo-2008-0004.

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23

Stone, Carole. "Anti-Semitism in the Miracle Tales of the Virgin." Medieval Encounters 5, no. 3 (1999): 364–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006799x00141.

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AbstractFantasy is a force in the anti-Semitic portrayals of Jews in medieval Christianity's miracle tales. Christians told these tales in order to forge a collective identity in which the Jew became the Other. This paper addresses Christian fantasies about Jews as well as the cultural and historical circumstances that made the tales popular. The three tales chosen for discussion- "The Child Slain by the Jews," The Jewish Boy," and "The Merchant's Surety"-demonstratc how anti-Semitic tales were useful in helping Christianity foster survival.

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24

Krämer, Gudrun. "Anti-Semitism in the Muslim World: A Critical Review." Die Welt des Islams 46, no. 3 (2006): 243–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006006778942035.

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AbstractCurrent debates on anti-Semitism in the Muslim world, or as it is often put, 'in Islam' focus on a number of issues: the status of Jews in Islam with regard to both theory and practice; the impact of the Arab-Israeli conflict over Palestine; the adoption and adaptation of anti-Semitic motifs and stereotypes of European origin in nationalist and Islamist discourses; and the politics of memory and commemoration. Here as elsewhere, contextualization is required if we are to understand the meanings and functions of anti-Semitic attitudes and activities among specific audiences. But contextualization must not be used for apologetic purposes.

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25

Grey, Thomas, and Kirsten Paige. "The Owl, the Nightingale and the Jew in the Thorn-bush: Relocating Anti-Semitism in Die Meistersinger." Cambridge Opera Journal 28, no. 1 (March 2016): 1–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095458671600001x.

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AbstractFor the past twenty-five years a key piece of evidence for an anti-Semitic subtext in Wagner’s Die Meistersinger has been identified in the Grimm Brothers’ anti-Semitic tale ‘The Jew in the Thorn-bush’ and a possible allusion to this in the text of Walther’s Act I ‘trial song’. This article argues that the passages in question are better explained with reference to a medieval poetic tradition still prevalent in nineteenth-century German culture involving the vocal contest between birds, paradigmatically the owl and the nightingale. Since the twelfth century, the owl and the nightingale have debated the merits of high and low art, religious themes, social forms, poetic diction and more. The associations of pedantry and harsh, coarse vocal character with the figure of the owl maps readily onto the negative traits of Beckmesser, just as the contrasting associations of the melodious nightingale with springtime, courtship and ‘natural’ musicality align with traits of Wagner’s artist-hero, Walther von Stolzing. Rather than displacing the possible anti-Semitic reading of Beckmesser, however, this alternative reading of the Beckmesser–Walther antagonism through the lens of avian conflict or debate poetry relocates that reading within a broader discursive and figurative context, one that is more commensurate with the possible role of anti-Semitic subtexts within Wagner’s music dramas in general.

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26

Gibson, James L. "Misunderstandings of Anti-Semitism in Russia: An Analysis of the Politics of Anti-Jewish Attitudes." Slavic Review 53, no. 3 (1994): 829–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2501522.

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In a recent article in this journal Brym and Degtyarev made a number of claims about the dangers of anti-Semitism in Moscow. On the basis of a telephone survey conducted in 1992, they concluded their analysis with these ominous admonishments: "The evidence thus suggests that some large categories of Moscow's population hold attitudes that are authoritarian, xenophobic, illiberal on social issues and, of course, anti-Semitic. Given the prevalence of anti-Semitic attitudes in the city, Moscow's 150,000 Jews and the 300,000 in the rest of Russia have reason to be anxious." These are serious and important findings, suffused with both theoretical and policy implications. It is therefore important to have a careful look at their data, analysis and substantive conclusions.

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27

Taterová, Eva, and Marcela Urbaníková. "The Trends in anti-Semitism in the Czech Republic 2004-2014." Journal of Education Culture and Society 7, no. 2 (September 10, 2016): 355–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.15503/jecs20162.355.363.

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This paper aims to introduce the current trends in anti-Semitism in the Czech Republic in 2004-2014. This period maps the changes that appeared since the end of Second Palestinian intifada to the year 2014 which is the last year with available set of data of anti-Semitism in Czech society. The article shall examine whether there is a direct link between the contemporary important events in the Middle East and the changing number of anti-Semitic incidents in the Czech Republic. The attention shall also be given to the issue which groups of Czech society are mostly associated with anti-Semitism and what is their main motivation to participate in the anti-Semitic campaign.

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28

Kim, Yong Hwan. "Wagner's Anti-Semitism II: Anti-Semitic Elements in Wagner's Music Dramas." Journal of the Musicological Society of Korea 18, no. 3 (September 30, 2015): 129–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.16939/jmsk.2015.18.3.129.

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29

NAGY, Péter Tibor. "On the Anti-Semitic Prejudices in Hungary Today." Review of Sociology 12, no. 2 (December 1, 2006): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/revsoc.12.2006.2.6.

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30

Ages, Arnold, and Ian Boyd. "Anti-Semitic Surprises Found Throughout the Literary World." Chesterton Review 20, no. 2 (1994): 401–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/chesterton1994202/3124.

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31

Farber, Daniel A., and Suzanna Sherry. "Is the Radical Critique of Merit Anti-Semitic?" California Law Review 83, no. 3 (May 1995): 853. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3480866.

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32

Nicosia, Francis R. "Zionism in anti-semitic thought in imperial Germany." History of European Ideas 16, no. 4-6 (January 1993): 807–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-6599(93)90226-g.

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33

Yun, Yongseon. "Anti-Semitic alliance between Nazi Germany and Arabs." Institute of History and Culture Hankuk University of Foreign Studies 73 (February 28, 2020): 169–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.18347/hufshis.2020.73.169.

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34

Bergmann, Werner. "Anti-Semitic Attitudes in Europe: A Comparative Perspective." Journal of Social Issues 64, no. 2 (June 2008): 343–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.2008.00565.x.

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35

Elements and Siobhan Pender. "The Force on the Front." Elements 17, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/eurj.v17i1.14939.

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Police involvement in the Christian Front Movement in Brooklyn, NY grew unnoticed from 1938-1940, resulting in anti-semitic violence even after the police comissioner and mayor were forced to address the issue after the arrest in 1940 of 17 Christian Front Members accused of planning terrorist activities. The Christian Front was able to grow in an area like Brooklyn due to its high population of Irish-Catholics, and since the Christian Front was a religiously-based anti-semitic group led by an Irish Catholic priest, these people aligned well with the movement's beliefs. With a large Irish-Catholic police force, it is evident that the police not only had membership in the Christian Front but also those sympathetic to the movement. The stronghold of the Christian Front and the anti-semitic beliefs prevalent throughout the NYPD resulted in the creation of an environment where anti0semitic attacks could proliferate unaddressed, and where Irish Catholic nationalists could spread and impose their beliefs of anti-semitism and through their position of power in a law enforcement role.

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36

Vanja, Christina. "Neigungen zu psychischen Erkrankungen?" Aschkenas 29, no. 1 (June 4, 2019): 95–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/asch-2019-0007.

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Abstract The years around 1900 were marked by discussions on whether Jews were particularly susceptible to mental suffering. Not only was the topic presented by racial hygienists with anti-Semitic hrust, it also played a prominent role for Jewish physicians. The causes of »Jewish nervousness« were discussed controversially, either as a hereditary biological system of the Jewish »race« or as caused by the specific history of Jews in exile, where they lived in an anti-Semitic environment, or their particular urban lifestyle that was alienated from nature, or a tendency to mental illness. The »Israelite Health and Nursing Establishment« in Bendorf-Sayn understood itself as an institution that specialized in the needs of Jewish patients and kept them safe from anti-Semitic attacks. However, it was only intended for a solvent clientele. In public welfare institutions patients of Jewish faith generally could not expect any concessions and were discriminated against, in particular by psychiatrists oriented towards racial hygiene.

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37

Anor, Netanel. "Joseph Halévy, Racial Scholarship and the “Sumerian Problem”." Philological Encounters 2, no. 3-4 (August 16, 2017): 321–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24519197-12340033.

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This article deals with the different racial approaches that influenced the academic debate known as “The Sumerian problem”. The so-called “problem” under discussion was the racial affiliation of the inventors of the first writing system, the cuneiform script. The notion of ‘race’, which tied religion, language and culture into one essence, played a key role here. Some scholars were eager to prove the “non-Semitic character” of such a major invention. Others were convinced that only “Semites” inhabited ancient Babylonia and thus were the only possible inventors of writing. The focus of this paper is Joseph Halévy, who was the determined leader of the “anti-Sumerist” camp. This article will show that Halévy shared many essentialist views with his anti-Semitic protagonists. He did this by applying a ‘pro-Semitic’ approach to the ‘Sumerian-problem’.

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38

Feinberg, Ayal. "Explaining Ethnoreligious Minority Targeting: Variation in U.S. Anti-Semitic Incidents." Perspectives on Politics 18, no. 3 (February 5, 2020): 770–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s153759271900447x.

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Over the last two decades alone, the United States has suffered well over ten thousand religion-motivated hate crimes. While racism and religion-motivated prejudice have received considerable attention following the “Unite the Right” rally in Charlottesville that resulted in deadly violence, there is little systematic scholarship evaluating where and when incidents targeting ethnoreligious minorities by non-state actors are likely to occur. Utilizing the FBI’s reported anti-Semitic hate crime data from 2001–2014, my main theoretical and empirical exercise is to determine which factors best explain where and when American ethnoreligious groups are likely to be targeted. I propose that there are four essential mechanisms necessary to explain variation in minority targeting: “opportunity” (target group concentration), “distinguishability” (target group visibility), “stimuli” (events increasing target group salience) and “organization” (hate group quantity). My models show that variables falling within each of these theoretical concepts significantly explain variation in anti-Semitic incidents in the United States. Of particular importance for scholars and practitioners alike, Israeli military operations and the number of active hate groups within a state play a major role in explaining anti-Semitic incident variation.

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Huszár, Ágnes. "Nationalism and Hungarian Education Policy: Are the Literary Works of Cécile Tormay, József Nyirő, and Albert Wass Appropriate for the Hungarian School Curriculum?" Hungarian Cultural Studies 7 (January 9, 2015): 303–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/ahea.2014.140.

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Recently there have been attempts in Hungary to rehabilitate authors with nationalist, anti-Semitic, and national socialist views and integrate them into Hungarian literary canon, including the suggestion that the works of Cécile Tormay, József Nyirő, and Albert Wass become compulsory school literature. Since one of the most important goals of Hungarian literary education is to reinforce a sense of Hungarian nationalism, the focus is primarily on the authors rather than their literary works and they tend to be presented as role models to students. This paper aims to show that, given that the three authors mentioned above have publicly participated in anti-Semitic and pro-Nazi activities, it would be unethical to place them in a position where they may be lauded as role models for children. It is also argued that only a small part of the literary work of these three authors can be considered aesthetically valuable while all of them had written works containing anti-Semitic and faux-historical elements. Both the authors’ choice of topic and their literary style makes them unsuitable as compulsory school literature for children.

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40

Weaver, Simon. "A rhetorical discourse analysis of online anti-Muslim and anti-Semitic jokes." Ethnic and Racial Studies 36, no. 3 (March 2013): 483–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01419870.2013.734386.

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41

Beyer, Heiko, and Ulf Liebe. "The Elective Affinities of Anti-Semitic and Anti-American Resentments in Germany." Social Science Quarterly 99, no. 1 (March 30, 2017): 262–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ssqu.12403.

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42

Wiedemann, Felix. "Der doppelte Orient Zur völkischen Orientromantik des Ludwig Ferdinand Clauß." Zeitschrift für Religions- und Geistesgeschichte 61, no. 1 (2009): 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157007309787376000.

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AbstractOne of the main topics of the völkisch racial scientist Ludwig Ferdinand Clauß was the racial cartography of the Orient. Based on older discussions in anti-Semitic literature, Clauß constructed a racially divided – double – Orient and made a sharp distinction between Arabs and Jews. His depiction largely follows patterns of ascription from Orientalist as well as anti-Semitic discourses. By doing so he draws attention to structural overlaps and differences between Orientalism and anti-Semitism: a romanticized Arabic Orient served as an antipole to a “Nordic” Europe, and as such was finally able to advance to a positive alternative. The Jewish Orient, on the other hand, embodied for Clauß a threatening ambivalence and contrariety, which from the very beginning precluded romanticization and identification.

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43

Zucker, Mark J. "ANTI-SEMITIC IMAGERY IN TWO FIFTEENTH-CENTURY ITALIAN ENGRAVINGS." Source: Notes in the History of Art 8/9, no. 4/1 (July 1989): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/sou.8_9.4_1.23202691.

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44

White, Ben. "Delegitimizing Solidarity: Israel Smears Palestine Advocacy as Anti-Semitic." Journal of Palestine Studies 49, no. 2 (2020): 65–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jps.2020.49.2.65.

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In response to growing Palestine solidarity activism globally—and particularly in countries that have been traditional allies of Israel—the Israeli government has launched a well-resourced campaign to undermine such efforts. A key element of this campaign consists in equating Palestine advocacy; the Boycott, Divestment, Sanctions (BDS) movement; and anti-Zionism with anti-Semitism. The concerted effort to delegitimize solidarity with the Palestinians is taking place even as genuine anti-Semitism is on the rise, thanks to the resurgent white nationalism of the Far Right in Europe and North America—political forces that Israel is harnessing to help shield from scrutiny and accountability its apartheid policies toward Palestinians, both citizens of the state as well as those under military rule. In its efforts to conflate anti-Zionism with anti-Semitism, the Israeli government is assisted by non-state organizations that nonetheless enjoy close ties with the state and its agencies.

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45

Tuerk, Richard. "The American Spectator Symposium Controversy: Was Dreiser Anti-Semitic?" Prospects 16 (October 1991): 367–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0361233300004580.

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The Nation for April 17, 1935, contained an exchange of letters between Hutchins Hapgood and Theodore Dreiser entitled “Is Dreiser Anti-Semitic?” In a brief introductory note, Hapgood, who put the exchange in the Nation, explained that the question arose when he read a symposium entitled “Editorial Conference (With Wine)” in the American Spectator for September, 1933. It consisted of the record of a conversation among members of the magazine's distinguished editorial staff: drama critic George Jean Nathan, literary critic Ernest Boyd, novelist James Branch Cabell, playwright Eugene O'Neill, and Dreiser. The symposium and the controversy following it form a minor but nonetheless important chapter in American literary and cultural history.

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Wodzinski, Marcin. "Action!: An Anti‐Semitic organization ahead of its time." East European Jewish Affairs 31, no. 1 (June 2001): 26–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13501670108577934.

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Michlic, Joanna. "‘The Open Church’ and ‘the Closed Church’ and the discourse on Jews in Poland between 1989 and 2000." Communist and Post-Communist Studies 37, no. 4 (December 1, 2004): 461–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.postcomstud.2004.09.006.

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This paper analyzes the attitudes of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland towards the Jews and anti-Semitism during the first decade since the political transformation of 1989–1990. After discussing briefly the main patterns of the development of the Roman Catholic Church in Poland in the modern era I examine two opposing positions within the institutionalized Roman Catholic Church—the ‘Open Church’ and the ‘Closed Church’—dthat emerged in the aftermath of Poland’s regaining full sovereignty in 1989. The ‘Open Church’ and the ‘Closed Church’ represent opposite views on the role of the church in society and on the dialogue with Jews and Judaism and on anti-Semitism. The ‘Open Church’ is a relatively recent phenomenon that originated in the circles of the layman progressive Catholic intelligentsia in the post-1945 period. It is the first visible formation within Roman Catholic Church in Poland, which advocates dialogue with Jews and Judaism and is engaged in the eradication of anti-Semitic attitudes. The ‘Closed Church,’ which represents the formation of the ‘besieged fortress’ was historically strongly intertwined with the exclusivist ethno-nationalistic political movement of the National Democracy. The remnants of this fusion were still visible in the statements of high rank clergy in the 1990s and early 2000. This formation ignores the concept of the dialogue with Jews and Judaism advocated by Pope John Paul II and among its supporters there are still many holders of anti-Semitic views. The paper provides various examples of anti-Semitic occurrences and pronouncements of the 1990s and it discusses various initiatives aimed at the facilitating dialogue between Christians and Jews introduced by the members of the ‘Open Church’ in the 1990s. It assess the importance of the ‘Open Church’ in the eradication of anti-Semitic views and the extent of the influence of the ‘Closed Church’ on both the clergy and Catholic community at large.

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Tkáčová, Hedviga. "Inherited anti-Jewish narratives in the current disinformation media. Case study from Slovakia." Revista Mediterránea de Comunicación 13, no. 2 (July 1, 2022): 155. http://dx.doi.org/10.14198/medcom.21861.

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This paper affords an insight into an important phenomenon related to the current worldwide increase in xenophobic behavior. In the past as well as in the present, the issue of anti-Semitism was the topic to be discussed; we note the dangers of the return and growth of populist and racist political parties and social movements while observing similar discussions today, especially in Eastern Europe (including Slovakia). They are linked to the current anti-vaccination and anti-war movements. This study had three objectives: (1) To present the critical anti-Semitic narratives that survived communism and were re-mediated after the establishment of an independent Slovakia in 1993; (2) to identify inherited mechanisms that continue to determine the forms of negative attitudes of Slovaks towards Jews; (3) to identify and analyze current narratives representing new forms of digital anti-Semitism in the current disinformation media in Slovakia. This paper employs a structured interview method with thirteen Slovak multi-disciplinary experts to research crucial inherited and current anti-Semitic narratives. Our research identified ten anti-Semitic narratives that remain in the current disinformation media. The research also points to two former mechanisms from the communist era that still influence the attitudes of Slovaks towards Jews. This also influences the nature of contemporary anti-Semitism: the generational influence, under which intolerant attitudes pass from generation to generation, and the influence of (inherited) power and economic “remorse”, accompanied by the common notion of the “exploitation” of countries (including Slovakia) by the Jewish community. Finally, four new and current narratives have been identified through structured interviews with experts, determining the nature of current digital anti-Semitism.

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Flores, Alexander. "Judeophobia in Context: Anti-Semitism among Modern Palestinians." Die Welt des Islams 46, no. 3 (2006): 307–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006006778942044.

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AbstractThe article is a critical assessment of the claim that anti-Semitic attitudes are widespread among modern Palestinians and that they are to a large extent the cause of their hostility towards Israel. In an overview of the development of the Palestine conflict, the contribution shows that this hostility can easily be explained by the nature of the conflict itself. In their perception of the conflict, Palestinians at times clearly distinguished between Zionism (or Israel) and Jews, but there also were instances of non-distinction which allowed for the spread of general enmity towards Jews. Before the Palestinians massively suffered from the results of the conflict and from the harm it caused, European-style anti-Semitism hardly existed among them. Further developments show a clear connection between the intensity of the conflict and the spread of anti-Semitic attitudes. Hence, reducing the scope of these attitudes appears to depend on political steps towards a settlement of the conflict and on an improved situation for the Palestinians.

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Duffield, Ian K. "Difficult texts: Matthew 23." Theology 123, no. 1 (January 2020): 16–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040571x19883533.

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Some Gospel verses have been criticized for engaging in hate speech or for being anti-Semitic: for example, the blood libel in Matthew and the categorization of Jews as ‘of the devil’ in John. However, the woes that Jesus declares upon scribes and Pharisees have received less attention. Although Matthew 23 is vulnerable to the accusation that it is anti-Semitic hate speech and should not be used in church, the criticism is misplaced as anachronistic and insensitive to the realities of the times and to the role the woes play in a prophetic critique of religious professionals. Furthermore, criticisms of the rhetoric tend to ignore the direction of the text against self-righteousness, including our own.

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