Academic literature on the topic 'Antibiotic sensitivity patterns'

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Journal articles on the topic "Antibiotic sensitivity patterns"

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Tisa, Louis S., Matthew S. Chval, Glenn D. Krumholz, and Joel Richards. "Antibiotic resistance patterns ofFrankiastrains." Canadian Journal of Botany 77, no. 9 (December 18, 1999): 1257–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b99-067.

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A major hurdle in the development of a genetic system for Frankia is the lack of genetic markers. To identify potential genetic markers, 12 strains of Frankia were screened for resistance to antibiotics by the use of a growth inhibition assay. All of the strains demonstrated sensitivity to tested antibiotics. Several strains had distinctive patterns of antibiotic resistance that are potentially useful as genetic markers. Novobiocin was the antibiotic to which the most strains were resistant.Key words: genetics, genetic markers, Frankia, actinorhizal, nitrogen fixation, vesicles.
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Simoes, Jose A., Alla A. Aroutcheva, Ira Heimler, and Sebastian Faro. "Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Group B Streptococcal Clinical Isolates." Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology 12, no. 1 (2004): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10647440410001722269.

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Objectives:To determine thein vitroresistance of group B streptococcus (GBS) to 12 antibiotics. To determine if there has been any decrease in sensitivity to the penicillins or other antibiotics currently used for GBS chemoprophylaxis in pregnant women. Find suitable alternative antibiotics to penicillin. Find an antibiotic that will have minimal selective pressure for resistance among the endogenous resident vaginal microflora.Methods:The antibiotic susceptibility profiles of 52 clinical isolates of GBS were evaluated to 12 antibiotics: ampicillin, azithromycin, cefamandole, cefazolin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, clindamycin, erythromycin, nitrofurantoin, ofloxacin, penicillin and vancomycin. Antibiotic sensitivities were determined using disk diffusion and microdilution methods according to the guidelines of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS).Results:All isolates were sensitive to vancomycin, ofloxacin, ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, nitrofurantoin and penicillin. However, the following number of clinical isolates exhibited intermediate or decreased sensitivity, nine (17%) to ampicillin, eight (15%) to penicillin, 14 (32%) to ciprofloxacin and one (2%) to nitrofurantoin. Thirty-one percent of the isolates were resistant to azithromycin and ceftriaxone, 19% to clindamycin, 15% to cefazolin and 13% to cefamandole. Eighteen (35%) of the clinical isolates tested were resistant to 6 of the 12 antibiotics tested.Conclusions:The relatively high rates of resistance for 6 of the 12 antibiotics tested suggest that for women allergic to penicillin and colonized with GBS, antibiotic sensitivities to their isolates should be determined. The antibiotic selected for intrapartum chemoprophylaxis should be guided by the organism’s antibiotic sensitivity pattern. Patients with GBS bacteriuria should be treated with nitrofurantoin.
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Bari, Md Abdul, Mashiur Arefin, Moriom Nessa, Golam Mostofa, and Tafiqul Islam. "Recent Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Escherichia Coli in Urinary Tract Infection." TAJ: Journal of Teachers Association 30, no. 1 (December 3, 2018): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/taj.v30i1.39125.

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The objective of the study is to assess the recent sensitivity pattern of Escherichia coli in Urinary tract infection (UTI). Widespread use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of resistant microorganisms. As the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of the microorganisms are frequently changing, this retrospective analysis was designed to assess the recent antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in urinary tract infection among the human population. Details of 358 urine culture positive reports for E. coli and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern pertaining to the study period of 6 months from Jan 2017 to June 2017 were collected from Microbiology Laboratory of Diagnostic Centers at Rajshahi and the results were statistically analyzed. The antibiotics tested for sensitivity were amikacin, gentamycin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, nitrofurantoin, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone and cefixime. The sensitivity pattern of E.coli to antibiotics in UTI was amikacin (82.68 gentamycin (75.97%), nitrofurantoin (70.67), levofloxacin (44.13%), ceftazidime (42.17%), co-trimoxazole (40.78%), ceftriaxone (38.54%), ciprofloxacin (35.75%), and cefixime (24.02%). The study highlighted the marked resistance of E. coli to quinolones and third generation cephalosporins.TAJ 2017; 30(1): 61-65
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Ali, Md Khoyber, and Shahin Sultana. "Antimicrobial sensitivity patterns of salmonella typhi in children." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 15, no. 3 (November 3, 2016): 416–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v15i3.30198.

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Background: Enteric fever is an important public health problem in developing countries including Bangladesh. A changing antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Salmonella typhi and emergence of resistance has increased to a great concern. Objective: Aim of the study was to investigate the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Salmonella typhi. Methods: A total of 181 Salmonella typhi samples from 5 to 15 years age group were collected from blood culture during the period of October to December 2014 from IBN SINA Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Specimens from the blood culture were identified by standard procedures as needed. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disk diffusion method according to ‘The Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute’ guidelines. Results: Among the tested antibiotics, S. typhi was susceptible to ceftriaxone 100%, followed by cefixime and gentamicin 99.4%, ciprofloxacin 98.6%, cotrimoxazole 88.9%, azithromycin 88.4 % and least susceptible antibiotic was Ampicillin 62.5% and nalidixic acid 5%. Conclusion: The antimicrobial sensitivity testing showed that the Salmonella typhi were highly sensitive (>88%) to most of the drugs used in this study, whereas nalidixic acid showed only 5% sensitivity. So this study indicates that ceftriaxone, cefixime, gentamicin and ciprofloxacin can be used as a first line therapy and nalidixic acid should be avoided for treatment.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.15(3) 2016 p.416-418
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Atmawati, Tri Utami, M. Ali Faisal, and Rahmiati Rahmiati. "POLA KEPEKAAN ISOLAT BAKTERI AEROB PADA KONJUNGTIVITIS TERHADAP ANTIBIOTIK TERPILIH DI POLIKLINIK MATA RSUD ULIN BANJARMASIN." Berkala Kedokteran 13, no. 1 (May 12, 2017): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.20527/jbk.v13i1.3435.

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Abstract: Bacterial conjunctivitis is a conjunctiva inflammation that caused by bacterial. This disease including to the most ten diseases of ophthalmology polyclinic at RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin; however there is no data given on the sensitivity pattern to the antibiotic. The aim this research was to assess aerob bacterial sensitivity patterns causes conjunctivitis to a topical antibiotic. This research used the descriptive method with a cross-sectional study. The result with 21 samples isolate bacteria demonstrated that aerob bacterial sensitivity patterns to tobramicin (100%), to gentamicin (80,95%), to polymixin (80,95%), to ofloxacin (61,90%), to levofloxacin (61,90%), to chloramphenicol (42,86%); resistance to chloramphenicol (23,80%), to ofloxacin (9,52%), and to levofloxacin (9,52%). Based on the result, it can be concluded that tobramicin has the highest sensitivity pattern, followed by gentamicin, polymixin, ofloxacin, and levofloxacin. However, chloramphenicol has the smallest sensitivity pattern. Keywords: bacterial conjunctivitis, sensitivity patterns, antibiotic, ophthalmology polyclinic Abstrak: Konjungtivitis bakteri merupakan suatu peradangan pada konjungtiva yang disebabkan oleh bakteri. Penyakit ini masih termasuk di dalam sepuluh besar penyakit yang ada di poliklinik mata RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin dan belum ada data pada kepekaan isolate terhadap terhadap antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola kepekaan isolat bakteri aerob penyebab konjungtivitis terhadap antibiotik topikal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan crossectional. Hasil penelitian dengan jumlah 21 sampel isolat bakteri didapatkan gambaran pola kepekaan bakteri aerob sensitive terhadap tobramisin (100%), gentamisin (80,95%), polimiksin (80,95%), ofloksasin (61,90%), levofloksasin (61,90%), dan kloramfenikol (42,86%); resisten terhadap kloramfenikol (23,80%), ofloksasin (9,52%), dan levofloksasin (9,52%). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa tobramisin merupakan antibiotik dengan kepekaan tertinggi, diikuti gentamisin, polimiksin, ofloksasin, dan levofloksasin. Sedangkan kloramfenikol memiliki kepekaan terendah. Kata-kata kunci: konjungtivitis bakteri, pola kepekaan, antibiotik, poliklinik mata
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Srinivasa, Jyothsnya, and Vijaya Rajendran. "Antibiotic prescription analysis of inpatients in a tertiary care teaching hospital." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 9, no. 12 (November 25, 2020): 1792. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20205003.

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Background: Antibiotics are one among the commonly prescribed drugs. Patterns of antibiotic resistance widely follows local patterns of antibiotic prescribing and usage. Periodic surveillance of antibiotic prescriptions at regional level are essential to understand and combat antimicrobial resistance. To study the prescribing pattern of antibiotics among inpatients of various specialties in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Method: A prospective observational study of prescribing pattern of antibiotics was conducted among inpatients of various specialties in a tertiary care teaching hospital. Antibiotic prescribing data was collected using a semi structured proforma. The data obtained was analyzed and the conclusions were drawn using descriptive analysis.Results: A total of 1161 prescriptions were collected. 3211 antibiotics were prescribed. Mean average duration of treatment with antibiotics per patient was 11.8 days. Use of 3rd generation cephalosporins, imipenem, piperacillin and vancomycin observed. 75% of antibiotics were prescribed for prophylactic use. Antibiotics prescribed for therapeutic indication were supported by clinical, radiological and other investigations like culture and sensitivity reports.Conclusions: The present study highlights the use of antibiotics for long duration among admitted patients. Implementation of antimicrobial stewardship program with adherence to standard treatment guidelines is essential to combat antimicrobial resistance.
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Gupta, Astha, Yogendra Singh, and Ramesh Yadav. "Neonatal Septicemia: Microbiological Profile and Antibiotic Sensitivity Patterns." International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences 8, no. 08 (August 10, 2019): 2807–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2019.808.323.

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Abeyagunawardena, AS, RS Thalgahagoda, CA Pathinayake, and CK Abeysekera. "Antibiotic sensitivity patterns in childhood urinary tract infections." Sri Lanka Journal of Child Health 35, no. 2 (September 23, 2008): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljch.v35i2.13.

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Bhuiya, Mahmudullah, Mohammad K. I. Sarkar, Mehadi H. Sohag, Hafij Ali, Chapol K. Roy, Lutfa Akther, and Abu F. Sarker. "Enumerating Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolated from Different Sources in Dhaka City." Open Microbiology Journal 12, no. 1 (May 15, 2018): 172–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874285801812010172.

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Background:Pseudomonas aeruginosais a ubiquitous free-living bacterium and is responsible for severe nosocomial infections, life-threatening infections in immune compromised persons. The bacterium, along with its natural resistance, can acquire resistance to many antibiotics by a variety of methods.Method:Therefore, to compare the antibiotic sensitivity pattern ofPseudomonas aeruginosa, a total of seventeen isolates ofP. aeruginosawere isolated from different sources; for example environmental sources, frozen food sources, clinical sources and medical waste materials. Isolates were confirmed to beP. aeruginosaby cultural and biochemical properties.Result:The isolates were tested against seventeen commercially available antibiotics to observe the antibiotic susceptibility patterns. Imipenem and meropenem were the most potent antibiotics (100% sensitivity) followed by amikacin and piperacillin with maximum sensitivity. Among others, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and aztreonam were found to be fairly active. A good number of isolates were intermediately resistant to ceftriaxone. The rates of resistance to aztreonam, cefotaxime and ceftazidime were 11.76%, 82.35% and 5.88% respectively. Complete resistance was observed against penicillin, ampicillin, cefixime and cefpodoxime.Conclusion:It can be concluded that the clinical isolates including isolate from medical waste, were multi-drug resistant than environmental and food isolates indicating the risk of transmission of resistance to the environmental isolates ofP. aeruginosa.
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Arora, Balvinder Singh, Santhosh Rajan, Ravinder Mohil, and Neeraj Narayan Mathur. "Antibiotics sensitivity status and antibiogram patterns of aerobic bacterial isolates from surgical site infections." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 1 (December 25, 2019): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20195901.

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Background: Surgical Site Infections (SSIs) are the third most common nosocomial infections. Emergence and spread of drug resistant strains have been found to pose a serious challenge in the management of such infections. There is limited information on the epidemiology of such pathogens. The antibiotic sensitivity patterns of aerobic bacterial isolates from post-operative SSIs show wide variations that lead to difficulties in empirical selection of the right kind of drug for treatment. Properly planned studies about antibiotic sensitivities patterns of such isolates can help in judicious management of SSIs and cause reduction in morbidity and mortality.Methods: A total of 50 patients diagnosed by the surgeon and fulfilling the case definition of SSI, were studied for bacteriological analysis. All the clinical specimens were cultured and identified applying standard culture techniques. The aerobic bacterial isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing by Kirby Bauer Disc Diffusion method to arrive at the drug sensitivity patterns. Data were entered in MS Excel spread sheet and analysed using SSPP software version 21.00Results: A total of 32 patterns of sensitivity were observed. For Esch. coli, a total of nine patterns were observed. All strains of Esch. coli were found sensitive to tigecycline (100%) and colistin (100%). For Klebsiella spp. a total of 9 patterns were obtained with TIG-COL being the predominant pattern in 6 cases. For Acinetobacter spp. only colistin was found most effective drug. In case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, except colistin (100% sensitivity), there were wide variations in sensitivity with imipenem (71%) as next most effective drug. In Proteus spp. - most of the in-use drugs were effective except cephalosporins. Among gram positive organisms, only three strains of Staphylococcus aureus were isolated, and these were MRSA (100%). Two strains of enterococcus were isolated, and these showed sensitivity to linezolid only.Conclusions: Wide variations in sensitivity status observed in the study are suggestive that antibiotic usage should be tailored to individual needs and proper selection of antibiotics for management of SSIs must be guided by laboratory antibiogram.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Antibiotic sensitivity patterns"

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Adorka, Matthias Kofi Besa. "Prescribing patterns of antibiotics in Lesotho public health institutions / M.K.B. Adorka." Thesis, North-West University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/4350.

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Naidoo, Nayestha. "Neonatal Sepsis And Antibiotic Sensitivity Patterns At A South African Tertiary Nursery – Evolution Over A 15 Year Period." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/31063.

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Background Neonatal infection is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in babies. The causative pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns should be monitored so that treatment regimens can be adjusted to maintain efficacy and avoid selection of resistant organisms. Objectives To compare the incidence of culture positive neonatal sepsis; and to describe the pathogens and antibiotic resistance profiles for significant organsims over a 15-year period in a tertiary nursery in Cape Town. Methods Retrospective blood culture data for 12 months were collected at three time points over a 15-year period. Blood cultures from 2004, 2013 and 2017 were analysed. All neonates with growth on blood cultures were included. Results During 2004 a total of 817 (43.3% of total admissions) blood cultures were taken, 171 (9.1% of total admissions) were culture positive. The most common invasive organisms were Klebsiella pneumoniae (31.8% of invasive organisms), S.aureus (26.1%) and enterococcus species (7.3%). There were 102 contaminants (12.5% of total cultures) of which 7.8% were due to Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CONS). In 2013 a total of 1070 (46.8% of total admissions) blood cultures were taken, 124 (5.4% of total admissions) were culture positive. Common invasive organisms were Klebsiella pneumoniae (53.8% of invasive organisms), E. coli (12.8%) and S. aureus (10.3% ). Forty-six blood cultures were deemed contaminated (4.3% of all cultures) and of these 2.1% were due to CONS. In 2017, there were 581 blood cultures taken (26.5% of total admissions), 56 were culture positive (2.6% of total admissions). Commonly occuring invasive organisms were Klebsiella pneumoniae (32.4% of invasive organisms), Group B streptococcus (16.2%) and Acinetobacter (13.5%). Twenty-nine blood cultures were considered contaminated (5.6% of cultures) of which 1.7% were CONS. The gram-negative organisms showed an increasing resistance to penicillin, ampicillin and aminoglycosides but remained sensitive to carbapenems. Conclusions The initial reduction in positive blood cultures from 2004 to 2013 was primarily due to the reduction of contaminants, probably reflecting improved blood sampling techniques. The large reduction in Gram-negative organisms from 2013 to 2017 suggests improved infection control measures , but gram-negative organisms remained prominent in all three cohorts. Emergence of resistant organisms is concerning and in keeping with other nurseries worldwide. These data illustrate the need for antibiotic stewardship, infection control measures and ongoing surveillance.
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Patel, Nehal Jitendralal. "Comparison of Antibiotic Sensitivity Profiles, Molecular Typing Patterns, and Attribution of Salmonella Enterica Serotype Newport in the U.S., 2003-2006." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2007. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/iph_theses/12.

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Salmonella causes gastrointestinal illness in humans. The purpose of the study was to determine the relative contribution of different food commodities to sporadic cases of salmonellosis (attribution analysis) caused by Salmonella Newport (SN) using Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns and antimicrobial sensitivity (AST) data submitted by public health laboratories and regulatory agencies from 2003 to 2006. The genetic relationship between isolates from non-human (348) and human (10,848) sources was studied by two unique clustering methods: UPGMA and Ward. Results show poultry was the highest contributor of human SN infections, followed by tomatoes and beef. Beef was the largest contributing food commodity of multi-drug resistant (MDR)-AmpC infection patterns. Results from this pilot study show that PFGE and AST can be useful tools in performing attribution analysis at the national level and that SN MDR-AmpC patterns are decreasing and seem to be restricted to isolates from animal sources.
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Patel, Nehal J. "Comparsion [sic] of antibiotic sensitivity profiles, molecular typing patterns, and attribution of Salmonella enterica serotype Newport in the U.S., 2003-2006." unrestricted, 2007. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07262007-154647/.

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Thesis (M.P.H.)--Georgia State University, 2007.
Title from file title page. Karen Gieseker, committee chair; Michael Eriksen, Peter Gerner-Smidt, Kelley Hise, committee members. Electronic text (105 p. : ill. (some col.)) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Nov. 28, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p.101-105).
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Books on the topic "Antibiotic sensitivity patterns"

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Grabe, Magnus, and Björn Wullt. Urinary tract infection. Edited by Rob Pickard. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199659579.003.0004.

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Infections of the urinary tract are among the most frequent infections encountered in the community and hospital environments. They range from harmless self-curing cystitis to severe pyelonephritis with life-threatening sepsis. Urinary tract infections are often recurrent. Host defence is crucial to control the infection but can also be deleterious in terms of scar formation. Early diagnosis, determination of severity, evaluation of possible risk factors, and assumption of possible pathogen are essential aspects to initiate efficient treatment. Urine culture with antibiotic sensitivity testing is the most important tool to confirm a suspected clinical diagnosis and direct treatment. Patients with urological disease are particularly susceptible to urinary tract infections, and healthcare-associated urinary infections are observed in approximately 10% of hospitalized urological patients. In view of the worsening resistance pattern of common urinary pathogens against available antimicrobial agents, it is important to comply with recommended treatment regimens.
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Book chapters on the topic "Antibiotic sensitivity patterns"

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Grönroos, Paul. "A Computerized Long-Term Follow-Up of Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern for a Hospital Region." In Medical Informatics Europe 85, 783. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93295-3_156.

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Conference papers on the topic "Antibiotic sensitivity patterns"

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Farida, Yeni, Muchtar Hanafi, Maryani Maryani, Qisty Aulia Khoiry, and Hesti Diah Prahastiwi. "Causative Microorganism of Pneumonia and Antibiotics Sensitivity Pattern on Teaching Hospital in Surakarta, Indonesia." In Proceedings of the 2019 Ahmad Dahlan International Conference Series on Pharmacy and Health Science (ADICS-PHS 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/adics-phs-19.2019.2.

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Ali, Muna, and Luqman Ali. "Pattern of antibiotics sensitivity of bacteria causing surgical site infections in several hospitals in Kirkuk- Iraq." In Proceedings of the 1st International Multi-Disciplinary Conference Theme: Sustainable Development and Smart Planning, IMDC-SDSP 2020, Cyperspace, 28-30 June 2020. EAI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4108/eai.28-6-2020.2297968.

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