Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Anticorps bispécifique'
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Robert, Bruno. "Développement d'anticorps bispécifiques pour le diagnostic et la thérapie du cancer : Anticorps bispécifique anti-ACE/anti-TNFalpha. Anticorps biparatopiques pour l'ACE." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20080.
Full textLaroche, Adrien. "Un nouveau type d'anticorps bispécifique avec une activité de déplétion ciblée de facteurs solubles pro-tumoraux du microenvironnement tumoral pour la thérapie du cancer." Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTT047.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to design a new type of bispecific therapeutic antibodies to selectively eliminate soluble pro-tumoral factors from the tumor microenvironment by a sweeping antibody mechanism by targeting the transferrin receptor (TfR1). TfR1 is an overexpressed receptor in many tumors. It allows iron cell supply by a FcRn-like mechanism. The soluble factor chosen for this proof of concept is interleukin (IL-6), a multifunctional cytokine involved in tumor progression. Three different bispecific antibody formats have been developed based on internalizing antagonistic antibodies targeting TfR1 and a pH-dependent non neutralizing anti-IL-6 antibody. We highlight that (1) the 3 formats of bispecific antibodies retain the binding properties to IL-6 (binding at physiological pH but not at acidic pH) and TfR1 of parental antibodies (blocade of holo transferrine internalization) and (2) allow the internalization of IL-6 via TfR1. Sweeping activity was evaluated in vitro, by comparing the inhibitory activities of bispecific antibodies and the combination of parental antibodies on cell lines with IL-6 growth dependent (myeloma XG-6 and XG-7) or not (lymphoma RAJI). IL-6 elimination was also demonstrated in vivo by monitoring IL-6 elimination in the plasma of xenografted mice with an IL-6-producing pancreatic cancer line. The results of this thesis show that it is possible to obtain a TfR1-dependent sweeping activity, which opens up a wide range of therapeutic applications in the targeting of pro-tumor soluble factors by the use of specific TfR1-like tumor receptors
Del, Bano Joanie. "Développement d'anticorps bispécifiques pour l'immunothérapie des cancers." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0161.
Full textMounting evidence of the key contribution of NK cells in immunity against cancer has boosted the investigations on NK cell-based therapies. Among these strategies, monoclonal antibody-based therapeutics (mAbs) are currently the fastest growing segment of the medicine market. Despite therapeutic innovations, triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) remain insensitive to the current targeted or hormono-therapies. Our objective is to manipulate NK cell functions and tumor targets using an original format of nanobody-based bispecific antibodies (bsFab) to revert the dampened immune response for treating TNBC. Thus, we generate two bsFabs able to crosslink NK and tumor cells. NK antitumor effects driven by mAbs and bsFabs, alone or in combination, were investigated in vitro and in vivo on preclinical TNBC models. Here, we demonstrate the potential of bsFabs to enlarge the number of patients eligible for breast cancer immunotherapy and prompt to consider combination strategies
Lamesa, Chloé. "Technique diagnostique en deux temps pour l'imagerie moléculaire en oncologie : mise au point d'un anticorps bispécifique et études radiochimiques sur le marquage au 68Ga." Nantes, 2014. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=9e91d444-2949-4b78-b9e7-c1b4a3c860ef.
Full textIn this study, the affinity enhancement system is proposed with nuclear imaging using gallium-68. This work is presented in two parts. The first part investigates new chemistry system used N,N′-(o-phenylene)dimalemide to produce a bispecific antibody which targets a tumour antigen and a hapten. The second part evaluates radiolabel and radiochemistry properties of 68Ga complexes using two chelators in order to radiolabel divalent hapten named di-HSGL. Synthesise optimisations show that the optimal digestion of antibody is realized with 5 % of pepsin (p/p). F(ab')2 reduction studies indicate that cysteamine, a soft powerful reducing agent, is enough to reduce disulfide bonds and does protect the integrity of created Fab'. Eventually, the affinity studies of the new divalent vector confirm the good affinity constants to both antigen and hapten. The second part presents radiochemistry studies of DOTA and HBED chelators for 68Ga. They show HBED is more interesting than DOTA to radiolabel hapten with 68Ga. Radiolabel is made at room temperature. Its specific activity is better than DOTA's one. Radiolabel rate and method optimization should allow to inject the final product without purification stage
Azria, David. "Association du facteur de nécrose tumorale (TNFα) et de la radiothérapie dans les cancers digestifs exprimant l'antigène carcinoembryonnaire (ACE) : intérêts d'un anticorps bispécifique anti-ACE/anti-TNFα." Montpellier 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON1T005.
Full textLamendour, Lucille. "Modulation des fonctions des cellules dendritiques humaines par des fragments d'anticorps." Thesis, Tours, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018TOUR3303/document.
Full textThe immune system protects an organism from the development of pathogens and actively participates in maintaining immune tolerance. Dendritic cells (DC) are specialized cells in the balance and anti-inflammatory immune response. DC play an important role in many pathological contexts, including organ transplantation, oncology and inflammatory diseases. Various factors, both intrinsic and extrinsic, can modulate. Because they are capable to inducing a tolerogenic response, these cells represent interesting targets for the immune response in the context of organ transplantation and in inflammatory pathologies. Some pathogens use mechanisms of escape to the immune system by promoting the induction of immune tolerance. This modulation is achieved by targeting the pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) present on the surface of DC, inducing the synthesis of an anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10, one of the main inducers of immune tolerance. Our strategy was to construct a bispecific antibody targeting two different PPRs from an anti-PRR antibody library. Our work shows that this bispecific antibody is able to direct the DC to a pro-tolerogenic profile. This bispecific antibody induces a semi-mature DC phenotype with a secretion profile of pro-tolerogenic cytokines such as IL-10 and few inflammatory cytokines. The immune tolerance profile of these DC remains to be explored. Our work opens interesting perspectives on the association of PRRs in order to obtain the modulation of the cells of the immunity
Dorvillius, Mylène. "Anticorps bispécifiques pour le diagnostic et le traitement des cancers : anticorps biparatopiques et triparatopique dirigés respectivement contre deux et trois épitopes de l'antigène carcinoembryonnaire ( ACE), anticorps bispécifiques anti-ACE/anti-ErbB-2 pour le ciblage des cancers du sein, anticorps bispécifiques pour le ciblage d'interleukine2." Montpellier 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON13501.
Full textCornillon, Amélie. "Développement d'anticorps bispécifiques anti-CEA / anti-FcyRIII pour l'immunothérapie des cancers." Aix-Marseille 2, 2009. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/2009AIX22009.pdf.
Full textThe lab has designed a new kind of bispecific antibodies, based on the use of llama domain antibodies (VHH). Human Ck and CH1 domains have been used as a natural dimerization motif to bring together two domain antibodies binding to carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and activating receptor FcγRIIIA (CD16A) expressed by NK cells. Differents bispecific antibodies formats (bsFab and bsFab2) with variable binding profiles on the target cells have been produced in bacterial system and caracterized in vitro and in vivo. BsFab are stable at least for 7 days when incubated in human serum at 37°C, and bsFab2 are stables for 31h. Biodistribution in nude mice showed that bsAb are retained in CEA+ tumor. A competition study of CD16A binding with human IgG showed that bsAb are not in competition with human IgG, contrary to Fc-bearing molecules. Moreover, bsAb are able to induce, via CD16A binding, donnor’s Natural Killer cytotoxicity in vitro et very low concentrations
Lebègue, Valérie. "Production et caractérisation d'anticorps monoclonaux bispécifiques obtenus par fusion d'hybridomes." Compiègne, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990COMPD329.
Full textA fusion technique between E13 hybridomas secreting an anti-Cytomegalovirus (IgG1) and 70B12 hybridomas secreting an anti-Chlamydia trachomatis (IgG3) was set up to obtain murin bispecific monoclonal antibodies and to demonstrate the possible "in vivo" association between gamma 1 and gamma 3 heavy chains. After fusion, 27 % of seeded wells showed hybridomas growth and 77% of their supernatants were reactive with both Cytomegalovirus infected cells and Chlamydia trachomatis infected cells. But, this double specificity is not sufficient to prove the existence of a hybrid antibody molecule : hybrid hybridoma can produce simultaneously the bispecific antibody and the parental monospecific antibodies. Among seven clones random selected, six surpernatants of them showed IgG1/IgG3 hybrid immunoglobulins and 10% hybrid antibodies were revealed in immunopurified ascites of two hybrid hybridomas ascites. We showed that they were not heteroaggregats made up of two parental immunoglobulins. These antibodies exhibited four types of heavy and light chains ; and heavy chain of each type might associate with light chain of homologue type to give two immunological activities
Rozan, Caroline. "Développement et caractérisation d'anticorps bispécifiques anti-ace xCD16 pour l'immunothérapie des cancers." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM5032.
Full textWith fourteen antibodies used in oncology, monoclonal antibodies finally have a place in the therapeutic arsenal against cancer. However one of the modes of action of the most important of these molecules, cell-mediated cytotoxicity antibody-dependent (ADCC), suffers from several limitations due to the need for optimal interaction with the FcγRIIIA. Daniel Baty's team has developed new formats of bispecific antibodies based on the use of single domain llama antibodies (SdAb) that are capable of circumventing most of the these limitations. Phage libraries from immunized llamas were used to select two sdAbs directed against the FcγRIIIA expressed by NK cells and macrophages (with different affinities for FcγRIII), as well as one SdAb directed against the tumor antigen carcinoembryonic (CEA). Using CH1 and Ck domains of human IgG1 as a motif for heterodimerization and sdabs previously selected, we have developed innovative anti-CEA and anti-FcγRIII formats of bispecific antibodies Fab-like named bsFabs. These molecules are easy to produce, very stable and can trigger tumor cell lysis by human NK cells at picomolar concentrations. They do not bind FcγRIIB inhibitory receptor, do not compete with serum IgG and their cytotoxic activity is independent of FcγRIIIA polymorphism. In addition, they slow tumor growth in mouse model. In terms of pharmacokinetics, although bsFabs have a reasonable tumor retention, one of the limitations of these formats is size, which leads to rapid renal elimination. Such findings led us to consider the creation of new antibody formats to both increase tumor retention and secondly the half-life of antibodies in the body
Germain, Claire. "Conception, production et évaluation de molécules bifonctionnelles anticorps/MICA pour la thérapie des cancers." Montpellier 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006MON1T018.
Full textKraeber-Bodéré, Françoise. "Radioimmunothérapie du cancer médullaire de la thyroi͏̈de." Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT03VS.
Full textThis study evaluated toxicity and efficacy of two-step radioimmunotherapy (RIT) using anti-CEA/anti- DTPA F6-734 murine bispecific antibody F6-734 and di-DTPA-131I bivalent hapten (AES reagents) in mice grafted with a medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and in 26 patients with recurrences of MTC enrolled in a phase I/II trial. In animal, biodistribution was more favorable with AES reagents than with directly labeled fragment of the same anti-CEA antibody. Two-step RIT was at least as efficient as one-step RIT, and markedly less toxic. Repeated injection of AES reagents increased RIT efficacy without increasing toxicity. Addition of paclitaxel improved RIT efficacy with synergistic effect, without increasing toxicity. In the clinical trial, dose-limiting toxicity was hematological, and maximum tolerated dose 48 mCi/m2. Dosimetric results were favorable and four tumor responses were observed
Fayon, Maxime. "Développement et évaluation d'anticorps bispécifiques dans le traitement du Myélome multiple." Thesis, Université de Paris (2019-....), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UNIP7057.
Full textMultiple Myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of clonal tumor plasma cells in the bone marrow. Current treatments, including proteasome inhibitors and immunomodulatory drugs, have improved response and survival rates. However, these treatments are not able to cure patients and sub-groups of patients still show rapid relapse, chemo resistance and low survival rates.Recently, novel immunotherapeutic strategies have been developed to complement these conventional treatments. Bi-and Tri-Specific antibodies have shown to efficiently reduce tumor growth in different hematological diseases. These antibodies on one hand recognize proteins that are expressed on the surface of the tumor cells and on the other hand proteins that are expressed on the surface of cytotoxic cells of the immune system. Clinical trials carried out using BiTEs (Bispecific T-cell Engagers) that recognize CD19 on the surface of tumor cells and CD3 on the surface of T cells, have shown efficient treatment of B acute lymphoblastic leukemia. These promising results have prompted similar strategies targeting antigens expressed on the surface of tumor cells in MM. We have built a new BiTE antibody (Bi38-3), that targets CD38, an antigen highly expressed on tumor plasma cells and also recruits and activate T cells through CD3e. Our results demonstrate that Bi38-3 specifically recognizes malignant plasma cells. We showed that this antibody stimulated cell-lytic activity of T cells isolated from healthy donors against MM cell lines in vitro. In the presence of these antibodies we observed that T cells, isolated from healthy donors, have a lytic effect on MM cell lines in vitro. Interestingly, Bi38-3 does not exhibit cytotoxic effect against B, T and NK cells that express low levels of CD38 compared to MM cell lines. These results have been confirmed using T cells and tumor plasma cells isolated from newly diagnosed and relapsed MM patients. Moreover, Bi38-3 is able to efficiently reduce myeloma tumor growth in a MM pre-clinical mouse xenograft model.Altogether, these results suggest that Bi38-3 represents a promising new immunotherapeutic drug for the treatment of MM that could be used either alone or in combination with immunomodulatory drugs, to improve the prognosis of relapsed or refractory patients
Frampas, Éric. "Radioimmunothérapie préciblée sur modèle animal de métastases de cancer colorectal d'origine humaine." Nantes, 2011. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=bbc5b332-3d76-43d6-94b0-6a29f7c5e85b.
Full textThis study investigated pretargeted radioimmunotherapy (PRIT) with a divalent antiCEA x anti HSG antibody (TF2) and radiolabeled peptides IMP325 and 288 for human colonic cancer cells grafted in mice. The intraportal route of graft is reliable and reproductible and tumor uptake is higher compared to subcutaneous tumors. Bioluminescence allows follow-up with quantitative data for therapeutic trials. Optimisation of pretargeting allows early tumor uptake of the radiolabeled peptide of environ 9% ID/g. Short half-lives nuclides appear more favorable. For a low dose of peptide (0. 04 nmol), 211At is predicted to deliver a high absorbed dose to tumors (41. 5 Gy considering a relative biologic effect of 5), kidneys being the dose limiting. Yttrium-90 and bismuth-213 would deliver high absorbed doses to tumor (18. 6 and 5. 3 Gy, respectively for 0. 1 nmol) and acceptable absorbed doses to kidneys. Bone marrow absorbed dose is expected to be without significant toxic effects
Larbouret, Christel. "Anticorps bispécifiques pour la thérapie des cancers : ciblage tumoral du TNFα associé à la radiothérapie, ciblage simultané de deux récepteurs, EGFR et HER2." Montpellier 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON1T002.
Full textTurini, Marc. "Développement d'anticorps bispécifiques de lama pour le traitement de cancers du sein réfractaires à l'action du trastuzumab." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM4021.
Full textTrastuzumab is established as standard of care for the treatment of HER2high breast cancers. However, in addition to Fc-related limitations inherent to IgG antibodies, trastuzumab is inefficient to treat low- (triple-negative) or moderate-HER2-overexpressing (hormone-receptor-positive) breast cancers. Based on the unique structural and functional properties of llama single domain antibodies (sdAbs), we report the design of two Fab-like bispecific antibodies targeted to HER2 (HER2bsFab) and mesothelin (MesobsFab), an antigen overexpressed in several human tumors, including triple-negative breast cancers. The two bsFabs display a unique, specific and high affinity for FcγRIII. As a consequence, they do not bind the FcγRIIB inhibitor receptor and bypass competition with endogenous IgGs. HER2bsFab mediated ADCC at picomolar concentration against HER2high as well as HER2moderate cell lines. In vivo HER2bsFab potently inhibited HER2high tumor growth and more importantly, exhibited a net superiority over trastuzumab at inhibiting HER2moderate tumor growth. Moreover, FcγRIIIA-engagement by HER2bsFab was independent of FcγRIIIA-158 polymorphism and induced a stronger NK cells activation in response to target cell recognition. Such findings led us to investigating the efficacy of bsFabs in a context of low-HER2-overexpression displays by triple-negative breast cancers. In vitro characterization showed that both HER2bsFab and MesobsFab trigger efficient lysis of two different triple-negative breast cancer cell lines. Altogether, these findings would enable the treatment of a broader population of patients than that eligible with current HER2-targeted therapies
Goere, Diane. "Caractérisation de la mort cellulaire induite par un anticorps trifonctionnel." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA11T022/document.
Full textThe development of cancer in an immunocompetent individual reflects, in part, a tumor escape from the immunosurveillance. The tumor escape is a complex, multifactorial, in which tumor cells will evade the defense mechanisms of the host by changing their microenvironment. Therefore, restoration or induction of these defense mechanisms is one of the therapeutic strategies against cancer. One of the principles of immunotherapy is based on the injection of antibodies that target tumor cells or effector cells of immunity. The anti-tumor efficacy of these antibodies has been greatly improved by a better understanding of modes of action and modulatory effects of these antibodies.Thus, to optimize the action of immune effectors to tumor cells, a bispecific antibody, trifunctional: catumaxomab, capable of binding to the adhesion molecule of the epithelial cells (EpCAM), expressed by tumor cells and the CD3 antigen of T cells, has been developed mainly in intraperitoneal treatment of refractory malignant ascites.The objective of this study was to determine the immunomodulatory effects of catumaxomab on tumoral cells expressing EpCAM, from two experimental models (allogeneic and autologous), evaluate and characterize cytotoxicity induced by catumaxomab, and analyze the presence of stress signals inducing immunogenic cell death such as membrane exposure of calreticulin by pre-apoptotic tumor cells, release of HMGB1 and of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in the extracellular medium, inducing a T cell activation.In the presence of EpCAM + cells, catumaxomab induced a major the activation of T cells (expression of CD69, CD107a, HLA-DR and PD1), stimulated an inflammatory response Thelper type 1 (Th1) and the synthesis of interferon-gamma by CD8 T cells. Catumaxomab committed CD16 NK cells and monocytes. More, in models allogeneic catumaxomab, caused cell death associated with ATP release and induced an immunogenic cell death after pre-incubation of oxaliplatin.Therefore, catumaxomab modulates the immune environment in malignant ascites, and convert chronic and immunosuppressive inflammation (Th2) in acute and immunogenic inflammation (Th1). However, in these conditions, catumaxomab alone does not seem to trigger immunogenic cell death.the cytotoxicity of this bispecific antibody could be enhance by different techniques: (1) combining with chemotherapy such as oxaliplatin to promote immunogenic cell death, (2) refining its action on CD3 lymphocytes by changing its spatial configuration (BiTE antibody), (3) increasing its affinity for the FcR of accessory cells (Fc aglycosylated), (4) increasing its cytotoxicity by changing the target directed against the immune molecule (anti-PD-1 ...). Finally, the clinical use could be facilitated by this humanizing murine chimeric antibody to prevent the formation of anti-murine antibodies directed against catumaxomab.A phase II clinical trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy of intraperitoneal catumaxomab after complete cytoreductive surgery of gastric carcinomatosis in patients who received preoperative systemic chemotherapy with oxaliplatin have just started. In this study, we will validate the ability of catumaxomab 1) to induce immunogenic cell stress and death of cancer cells, 2) to change the polarization of effector cells to Th1 inflammatory disease, 3) to promote the expression of costimulatory molecules and TRAIL on NK cells and monocytes, and we will correlate these immune biomarkers to treatment efficacy
Schaeffer, Étienne. "Etude des modifications post-traductionnelles de la protéine ATF7." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAJ017/document.
Full textThe objective of this thesis work was is the study of post-translationnal modifications (PTM) of the protein ATF7. This protein is phosphorylated on several threonine (T) residues upon stress (UVs, osmotic chock). This allows the protein to be transcriptionally active. In the absence of stress, a fraction of the protein is sumoylated resulting in an inhibition of its transcriptional activity. The first project raise to the development of tools that will enable the study of the sumoylated form of ATF7 protein. This work raise to the development of tetrameric bispecific scFv possessing a simultaneously recognizing ability of the proteins ATF7 and SUMO1. The other main project was the study of ATF7 T112 phosphorylation in the absence of stress. The experiments drove in the lab have shown that thus threonine is phosphorylated during mitosis by a specific pathway, which includes the CDK1