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Journal articles on the topic 'Antigen variation study'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 18 May 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Röske, Kerstin, Alain Blanchard, Isabelle Chambaud, et al. "Phase Variation among Major Surface Antigens ofMycoplasma penetrans." Infection and Immunity 69, no. 12 (2001): 7642–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.69.12.7642-7651.2001.

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ABSTRACT The pathogenicity and prevalence of Mycoplasma penetrans, a Mycoplasma species recently isolated from humans, are still debated. A major P35 antigen, which is used as target epitope in serological assays, was shown to be a phase-variable lipid-associated membrane protein (LAMP). In this study, we performed a comparative analysis of the LAMP patterns from fiveM. penetrans clinical isolates and from the type strain. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis profiles and immunoblots with sera serially collected from an M. penetrans-infected patient indicated that these st

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Beem, J. E., W. B. Clark, and A. S. Bleiweis. "Antigenic Variation of Indigenous Streptococci." Journal of Dental Research 64, no. 8 (1985): 1039–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00220345850640080301.

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Isolates of Group D streptococci indigenous to the murine oral cavity were studied to detect the occurrence of antigenic variation. Group D streptococci cultured from molar homogenates of Balb/c mice were randomly selected for study on the basis of distinctive colony morphology. Isolates obtained over a 12-week period were biotyped using the API 20S system, and subjected to Lancefield extraction and rocket immunoelectrophoresis for serotyping. All isolates were compared with an arbitrarily selected standard test strain (W1S-1) isolated the first week of the first experimental series. Four biot

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Gantini, Ria Syafitri Evi, Ni Ken Ritchie, Pierlita Rini, and Aryani Aryani. "Analysis of The Results of The Rhesus System Blood Group Phenotyping Examination in Routine Type O Blood Donors." Proceeding of the International Conference on Multidisciplinary Research for Sustainable Innovation 1 (August 12, 2024): 166–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31098/icmrsi.v1i.797.

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The Rhesus (Rh) system is the second most important blood group system after ABO, has the highest immunogenicity and tends to produce alloantibodies that cause most transfusion reactions. In the Rh blood group system, there are more than 55 antigens, but the main ones are D, C, E, c, and e. Currently, only the D antigen is carried out without examining four other important Rh antigens. Still scarce, studies on the proportion of Rh antigens, except D, in Indonesia; in this study we have determined Rh antigens and phenotypes among a population of routine blood donors. The purpose of this study w

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Li, Qun, Matthew Hobbs, and Peter R. Reeves. "The variation of dTDP-l-rhamnose pathway genes in Vibrio cholerae." Microbiology 149, no. 9 (2003): 2463–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.26382-0.

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The genetic variation in the dTDP-l-rhamnose pathway genes (rmlA, rmlB, rmlC and rmlD) in Vibrio cholerae was investigated. The genes are part of the O antigen gene cluster and the aim was to study lateral gene transfer of O antigen gene clusters. The rml genes of an O6 strain were cloned using an Escherichia coli K-12 strain designed for selecting cloned rml genes. Thirty-three strains carrying the known rhamnose-containing O antigens were probed with O6-based rml gene probes, and 19 were positive with from one to all four of the gene probes. Nine rml gene sets from this group were sequenced

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IGLESIAS, R., A. PARAMÁ, M. F. ÁLVAREZ, J. LEIRO, F. M. UBEIRA, and M. L. SANMARTÍN. "Philasterides dicentrarchi (Ciliophora: Scuticociliatida) expresses surface immobilization antigens that probably induce protective immune responses in turbot." Parasitology 126, no. 2 (2003): 125–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182002002688.

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Philasterides dicentrarchi is a histophagous ciliate causing systemic scuticociliatosis in cultured turbot. This study demonstrates that turbot which survive this disease have serum antibodies that recognize ciliary antigens of this ciliate in ELISA and immobilize/agglutinate the ciliate in vitro. Mouse sera raised against ciliary antigens and integral membrane proteins are likewise capable of immobilizing/agglutinating the ciliates, indicating that P. dicentrarchi, like other ciliates, expresses surface immobilization antigens. Furthermore, the antigen agglutinating reaction induces the paras

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Thornton, Emily E., Mark R. Looney, Oishee Bose, et al. "Spatiotemporally separated antigen uptake by alveolar dendritic cells and airway presentation to T cells in the lung." Journal of Experimental Medicine 209, no. 6 (2012): 1183–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.20112667.

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Asthma pathogenesis is focused around conducting airways. The reasons for this focus have been unclear because it has not been possible to track the sites and timing of antigen uptake or subsequent antigen presentation to effector T cells. In this study, we use two-photon microscopy of the lung parenchyma and note accumulation of CD11b+ dendritic cells (DCs) around the airway after allergen challenge but very limited access of these airway-adjacent DCs to the contents of the airspace. In contrast, we observed prevalent transepithelial uptake of particulate antigens by alveolar DCs. These disti

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Bertina, R. M. "An International Collaborative Study on the Performance of Protein C Antigen Assays." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 57, no. 01 (1987): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1651074.

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SummaryAn international collaborative study was undertaken to evaluate the performance and specificity of protein C antigen (PC) assays. Thirteen lyophilized plasma samples were distributed among 17 laboratories and analysed with 24 methods. No statistically significant results were obtained with the different methods in plasmas containing only the protein C zymogen. ELISA’s, RIA’s and IRMA’s were found to be more sensitive than the electro-immunoassay. In plasmas of patients on oral anticoagulant treatment ELISA methods tend to give lower PC antigen levels than the electro-immunoassay. Comple

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Marcotuillo, Michelle, Vicki Johnson, Richard J. Jenny, and Ryan H. Dorfman. "Murine Reagents and Analytical Tools to Enhance the Utility of Mouse Models for the Study of Human Thrombotic Disorders and Disease States." Blood 104, no. 11 (2004): 3989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.3989.3989.

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Abstract The mechanisms that govern blood coagulation and fibrinolysis have been studied extensively by employing a variety of experimental techniques and in-vivo model systems. Murine models are a valuable resource to test new strategies in the areas of thrombosis and haemostasis. Because both normal and genetically altered mice are available, the murine models are ideal for this application. Murine models are in prevalent use and there exists a limited number of reagents available to assist the researcher. Development of murine reagents and analytical tools will enhance the utility of murine

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9

Umezawa, Eufrosina S., Sueli F. Bastos, Mario E. Camargo, et al. "Evaluation of Recombinant Antigens for Serodiagnosis of Chagas’ Disease in South and Central America." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 37, no. 5 (1999): 1554–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.37.5.1554-1560.1999.

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The commercially available diagnostic tests for Chagas’ disease employ whole extracts or semipurified fractions ofTrypanosoma cruzi epimastigotes. Considerable variation in the reproducibility and reliability of these tests has been reported by different research laboratories, mainly due to cross-reactivity with other pathogens and standardization of the reagents. The use of recombinant antigens for the serodiagnosis of Chagas’ disease is recommended to increase the sensitivity and specificity of serological tests. Expressed in Escherichia coli, as fusion products with glutathione S-transferas

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10

Saeed, Mohd, Vikas Kushwaha, Syed Mohd Faisal, et al. "A Study on Serological Reactivity Profile of Different Antigen Preparations with Bancroftian filariasis Human Infection Sera." Protein & Peptide Letters 27, no. 9 (2020): 841–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/0929866527666200225123534.

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Background: Lymphatic Filariasis (LF) is one of the incapacitating and mosquito-borne sicknesses that on progression may prompt a few recognizable types of clutters like extreme lymphedema, hydrocele, and elephantiasis. Methods: Antigenic preparations of B. malayi adult (BmA), S. cervi adult parasites and microfilariae (mf) total parasite extract were used to analyze the serological reactivity profile with human infectious sera collected from endemic areas of Bancroftian filariasis by performing Western blot and ELISA analysis. Sera from healthy human subjects were also included in the study t

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Ranjan, Manish, Devanshi Khokhani, Sanjeeva Nayaka, Suchi Srivastava, Zachary P. Keyser, and Ashish Ranjan. "Genomic diversity and organization of complex polysaccharide biosynthesis clusters in the genus Dickeya." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (2021): e0245727. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245727.

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The pectinolytic genus Dickeya (formerly Erwinia chrysanthemi) comprises numerous pathogenic species which cause diseases in various crops and ornamental plants across the globe. Their pathogenicity is governed by complex multi-factorial processes of adaptive virulence gene regulation. Extracellular polysaccharides and lipopolysaccharides present on bacterial envelope surface play a significant role in the virulence of phytopathogenic bacteria. However, very little is known about the genomic location, diversity, and organization of the polysaccharide and lipopolysaccharide biosynthetic gene cl

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Horino, Atsuko, Yuko Sasaki, Tsuguo Sasaki, and Tsuyoshi Kenri. "Multiple Promoter Inversions Generate Surface Antigenic Variation in Mycoplasma penetrans." Journal of Bacteriology 185, no. 1 (2003): 231–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.185.1.231-242.2003.

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ABSTRACT Mycoplasma penetrans is a newly identified species of the genus Mycoplasma. It was first isolated from a urine sample from a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patient. M. penetrans changes its surface antigen profile with high frequency. The changes originate from ON↔OFF phase variations of the P35 family of surface membrane lipoproteins. The P35 family lipoproteins are major antigens recognized by the human immune system during M. penetrans infection and are encoded by the mpl genes. Phase variations of P35 family lipoproteins occur at the transcriptional level of mpl genes

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13

Sharma, Prajna, Pavithra K, and Sanchita Shettigar. "Trends in dengue virus infection with seasonal variation at a tertiary care centre, Mangaluru: A retrospective study." IP International Journal of Medical Microbiology and Tropical Diseases 8, no. 4 (2022): 294–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijmmtd.2022.057.

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: Dengue is currently the second most prevalent vector borne disease in the world. Dengue fever and its more serious forms, dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome are becoming important public health problems. Since there is no immunoprophylaxis or specific antiviral therapy available, clinico-microbiological diagnosis plays a vital role in patient management and implementation of control measures. : To identify dengue seropositive patients by NS1 antigen and anti-dengue IgM antibody detection by ELISA and correlate the changes in epidemiology. A retrospective study was performed f

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Jabbar, Ammar A. R. "HLA and Disease Associations in Iraq." Disease Markers 11, no. 4 (1993): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1993/192019.

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The HLA system is deeply involved in susceptibility to a variety of diseases. Relationships between HLA and diseases are of considerable interest and importance, as they provide new tools for studying the inheritance, classification, and pathogenesis of these diseases. Studies on the distribution of HLA antigens in different populations have revealed the existence of racial variation and are therefore a prerequisite for studying HLA and disease associations in different racial groups. This study reviews six articles concerning HLA and disease in the Iraqi population. A comparison of these asso

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Morelli, Vania, Marieke de Visser, Nico van Tilburg, et al. "ABO blood group genotypes, plasma von Willebrand factor levels and loading of von Willebrand factor with A and B antigens." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 97, no. 04 (2007): 534–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1160/th06-09-0549.

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SummaryABO blood group is a genetic determinant of von Willebrand factor (VWF) levels. We investigated the effect of ABO genotypes on VWF and factor VIII (FVIII) levels and on the degree to which VWF is loaded with A- and B-antigens, expressed as normalized ratios, nA-ratio and nB-ratio, respectively, in the Leiden Thrombophilia Study, a large case-control study on venous thrombosis. We found that the ABO locus had an allele-specific, dosage dependent effect on VWF and FVIII levels and on the loading of VWF with A-antigen and B-antigen. The highest mean nA- and nB-ratios were found in A 1 A 1

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Shi, S. R., R. J. Cote, L. Young, et al. "Development of optimal protocols for antigen retrieval immunohistochemistry based of the effects variation in temperature and pH: use of a ‘test battery’." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 53 (August 13, 1995): 828–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100140518.

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Following development of the microwave antigen retrieval (AR) technique in 1991 for enhancement of immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, there have been numerous articles published worldwide describing the use of AR-IHC on archival tissue sections. The AR technique provides a method for retrieval of formalin-masked antigens which otherwise yield negative or very weakly positive IHC staining on archival paraffin sections. AR appears to be superior to other unmasking procedures, and serves to reduce detection thresholds of IHC for a wide range of antigen antibody systems. One important result is t

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17

Lyashchenko, Konstantin P., John M. Pollock, Roberto Colangeli, and Maria Laura Gennaro. "Diversity of Antigen Recognition by Serum Antibodies in Experimental Bovine Tuberculosis." Infection and Immunity 66, no. 11 (1998): 5344–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.66.11.5344-5349.1998.

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ABSTRACT Tuberculosis in cattle remains a major zoonotic and economic problem in many countries. The standard diagnostic assay for bovine tuberculosis, the intradermal tuberculin test, has low accuracy. Therefore, alternative immunodiagnostic methods, such as serological assays, are needed for detection of infected animals. Development of an accurate serodiagnostic test requires a detailed understanding of the humoral immune responses during bovine tuberculosis and, in particular, identification of the key antigens of Mycobacterium bovisinvolved in antibody production. In this study, we charac

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Ampomah, Paulina, Liz Stevenson, Michael F. Ofori, Lea Barfod, and Lars Hviid. "B-Cell Responses to Pregnancy-Restricted and -Unrestricted Plasmodium falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 Antigens in Ghanaian Women Naturally Exposed to Malaria Parasites." Infection and Immunity 82, no. 5 (2014): 1860–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.01514-13.

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ABSTRACTProtective immunity toPlasmodium falciparummalaria acquired after natural exposure is largely antibody mediated. IgG-specificP. falciparumEMP1 (PfEMP1) proteins on the infected erythrocyte surface are particularly important. The transient antibody responses and the slowly acquired protective immunity probably reflect the clonal antigenic variation and allelic polymorphism of PfEMP1. However, it is likely that other immune-evasive mechanisms are also involved, such as interference with formation and maintenance of immunological memory. We measured PfEMP1-specific antibody levels by enzy

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Rogan, M. T., I. Marshall, G. D. F. Reid, C. N. L. Macpherson, and P. S. Craig. "The potential of vervet monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops) and baboons (Papio anubis) as models for the study of the immunology of Echinococcus granulosus infections." Parasitology 106, no. 5 (1993): 511–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182000076812.

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SUMMARYNine vervet monkeys and nine baboons were infected with eggs of Echinococcus granulosus per as. Six of the vervets and one of the baboons possessed hydatid cysts at autopsy, 15–28 months post-infection. The sequential IgG response to hydatid fluid and protoscolex antigens showed considerable inter-animal variation. Infected vervets and baboons became seropositive after an average of 8 months post-infection. Considerable fluctuation in the IgG response was observed, particularly to the hydatid fluid antigen which, in humans, may contribute to the existence of a significant proportion of

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Wolday, Dawit, Chun Yiu Jordan Fung, Gregory Morgan, et al. "HLA Variation and SARS-CoV Specific Antibody Response." Viruses 15, no. 4 (2023): 906. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15040906.

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Differences in SARS-CoV-2-specific immune responses have been observed between individuals following natural infection or vaccination. In addition to already known factors, such as age, sex, COVID-19 severity, comorbidity, vaccination status, hybrid immunity, and duration of infection, inter-individual variations in SARS-CoV-2 immune responses may, in part, be explained by structural differences brought about by genetic variation in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules responsible for the presentation of SARS-CoV-2 antigens to T effector cells. While dendritic cells present peptides wit

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Takahashi, Satoshi, Jun Ooi, Nobuhiro Tsukada, et al. "The Impact of HLA Haplotype Matching for Mismatched Cord Blood Transplantation." Blood 114, no. 22 (2009): 1206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.1206.1206.

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Abstract Abstract 1206 Poster Board I-228 [Study purpose] With the increased number of cord blood transplantation (CBT) for adults, more human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-mismatched grafts are selected as alternative donor. In Japan, we have performed more than 5,500 CBT and almost two-third of them has been using 2-loci HLA-mismatched grafts. Slow engraftment and high risk of graft failure should be solved to improve the clinical results. In general, the degree of HLA disparity is known to be associated with risks of poor graft function and of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). On the other hand,

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Huang, X., S. Chen, and E. I. Tietz. "Immunocytochemical detection of regional protein changes in rat brain sections using computer-assisted image analysis." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 44, no. 9 (1996): 981–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/44.9.8773563.

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We used several approaches to assess the reliability and sensitivity of computer-assisted densitometry to detect regional changes in tissue antigen content as a function of immunohistochemical staining density. We designed a model system to mimic variations in antigen concentration in postfixed, slide-mounted rat brain sections by varying the ratios of conjugated (biotinylated) to unconjugated secondary antibody. Antigen concentration was also varied in tissue discs made from mixing rat brain homogenate with increasing amounts of tissue embedding compound. The monoclonal antibody bd-17 to the

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Perrotti, Edvige, Mariangela L'Episcopia, Michela Menegon, et al. "Reduced polymorphism of Plasmodium vivax early transcribed membrane protein (PvETRAMP) 11.2." Parasites & Vectors 16, no. 1 (2023): 238. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-023-05851-9.

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<strong>Background: </strong>ETRAMP11.2 (PVX_003565) is a well-characterized protein with antigenic potential. It is considered to be a serological marker for diagnostic tools, and it has been suggested as a potential vaccine candidate. Despite its immunological relevance, the polymorphism of the<i>P. vivax</i>ETRAMP11.2 gene (<i>pvetramp11.2</i>) remains undefined. The genetic variability of an antigen may limit the effectiveness of its application as a serological surveillance tool and in vaccine development and, therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity of<i>

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Lynch, Tom, Cillian McDowell, Eimear Burke, et al. "PD147 Overview Of Multiplex Antigen Near-Patient Tests For Acute Respiratory Infections." International Journal of Technology Assessment in Health Care 40, S1 (2024): S150. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0266462324003817.

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IntroductionMultiplex antigen near-patient tests (NPTs) can detect multiple virus-specific antigens during acute infection. This project aimed to provide an overview of evidence on the effectiveness, advantages and disadvantages, and feasibility of multiplex antigen NPTs to identify common respiratory pathogens (including SARS-CoV-2 and one or both of the influenza and respiratory syncytial viruses) in residential and primary care settings.MethodsA non-systematic literature search was conducted on the 28 July 2023 in the MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases to id

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Mendelsohn, A. C., L. M. Sanmarco, R. G. Spallanzani, et al. "From initial segment to cauda: a regional characterization of mouse epididymal CD11c+ mononuclear phagocytes based on immune phenotype and function." American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 319, no. 6 (2020): C997—C1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00392.2020.

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Successful sperm maturation and storage rely on a unique immunological balance that protects the male reproductive organs from invading pathogens and spermatozoa from a destructive autoimmune response. We previously characterized one subset of mononuclear phagocytes (MPs) in the murine epididymis, CX3CR1+ cells, emphasizing their different functional properties. This population partially overlaps with another subset of understudied heterogeneous MPs, the CD11c+ cells. In the present study, we analyzed the CD11c+ MPs for their immune phenotype, morphology, and antigen capturing and presenting a

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Spencer, David H., Arnold Kas, Eric E. Smith, et al. "Whole-Genome Sequence Variation among Multiple Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Journal of Bacteriology 185, no. 4 (2003): 1316–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.185.4.1316-1325.2003.

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ABSTRACT Whole-genome shotgun sequencing was used to study the sequence variation of three Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, two from clonal infections of cystic fibrosis patients and one from an aquatic environment, relative to the genomic sequence of reference strain PAO1. The majority of the PAO1 genome is represented in these strains; however, at least three prominent islands of PAO1-specific sequence are apparent. Conversely, ∼10% of the sequencing reads derived from each isolate fail to align with the PAO1 backbone. While average sequence variation among all strains is roughly 0.5%, regio

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Margolis, D. J., N. Mitra, J. L. Duke, et al. "Human leukocyte antigen class-I variation is associated with atopic dermatitis: A case-control study." Human Immunology 82, no. 8 (2021): 593–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.humimm.2021.04.001.

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Hjertholm, Peter, Morten Fenger-Grøn, Mogens Vestergaard, et al. "Variation in general practice prostate-specific antigen testing and prostate cancer outcomes: An ecological study." International Journal of Cancer 136, no. 2 (2014): 435–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.29008.

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van der Bom, Johanna G., Michiel L. Bots, Frits Haverkate, Cornelis Kluft, and Diederick E. Grobbee. "The 4G5G polymorphism in the gene for PAI-1 and the circadian oscillation of plasma PAI-1." Blood 101, no. 5 (2003): 1841–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2002-07-2181.

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Plasminogen activator inhibitor type I (PAI-1) antigen concentrations follow a circadian oscillation peaking in the morning. Some individuals show no apparent circadian rhythm, while others show up to a 10-fold variation in PAI-1 over 24 hours. Results from experimental studies suggest that a polymorphism in the promoter of the gene for PAI-1 (4G5G) directly influences the circadian expression of the PAI-1 gene. We studied whether the diurnal variation of PAI-1 antigen differs for the genotypes of the4G5G polymorphism. A population-based, cross-sectional study was performed among 263 subjects

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Wendland, Lori D., Paul A. Klein, Elliott R. Jacobson, and Mary B. Brown. "Mycoplasma agassizii Strain Variation and Distinct Host Antibody Responses Explain Differences between Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays and Western Blot Assays." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 17, no. 11 (2010): 1739–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00215-10.

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ABSTRACT The precarious status of desert (Gopherus agassizii) and gopher (G. polyphemus) tortoises has resulted in conservation efforts that now include health assessment as an important component of management decision-making. Mycoplasmal upper respiratory tract disease (URTD) is one of very few diseases in chelonians for which comprehensive and rigorously validated diagnostic tests exist. In this study, serum samples obtained from eight Gopherus tortoises documented at necropsy to (i) be enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) seropositive using the PS6 antigen, (ii) be infected with Mycop

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Carobene, Anna, Elena Guerra, Massimo Locatelli, et al. "Biological variation estimates for prostate specific antigen from the European Biological Variation Study; consequences for diagnosis and monitoring of prostate cancer." Clinica Chimica Acta 486 (November 2018): 185–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cca.2018.07.043.

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Petersen, F. C., S. Assev, H. C. van der Mei, H. J. Busscher, and A. A. Scheie. "Functional Variation of the Antigen I/II Surface Protein in Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus intermedius." Infection and Immunity 70, no. 1 (2002): 249–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.70.1.249-256.2002.

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ABSTRACT Although Streptococcus intermedius and Streptococcus mutans are regarded as members of the commensal microflora of the body, S. intermedius is often associated with deep-seated purulent infections, whereas S. mutans is frequently associated with dental caries. In this study, we investigated the roles of the S. mutans and S. intermedius antigen I/II proteins in adhesion and modulation of cell surface characteristics. By using isogenic mutants, we show that the antigen I/II in S. mutans, but not in S. intermedius, was involved in adhesion to a salivary film under flowing conditions, as

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van der Bom, Johanna, Michiel Bots, Frits Haverkate, et al. "Fibrinolytic Activity in Peripheral Atherosclerosis in the Elderly." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 81, no. 02 (1999): 275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1614457.

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SummaryIncreased concentrations of plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1) and of D-dimer have jointly been found in subjects with cardiovascular disease. To understand this apparent paradox of increased inhibition of fibrinolysis (high PAI-1) combined with increased fibrinolytic activity (high D-dimer), we examined the relation between D-dimer, PAI-1 and the activator of fibrinolysis, tissue type plasminogen activator (t-PA) in subjects with varying severity of peripheral atherosclerosis. In 325 subjects selected from the Rotterdam Study, a cohort of 7983 men and women aged 55 years an

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Bento, Dulce, Sandra Jesus, Filipa Lebre, Teresa Gonçalves, and Olga Borges. "Chitosan Plus Compound 48/80: Formulation and Preliminary Evaluation as a Hepatitis B Vaccine Adjuvant." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 2 (2019): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11020072.

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Current vaccine research is mostly based on subunit antigens. Despite the better toxicity profile of these antigens they are often poorly immunogenic, so adjuvant association has been explored as a strategy to obtain a potent vaccine formulation. Recently, mast cell activators were recognized as a new class of vaccine adjuvants capable of potentiating mucosal and systemic immune responses. In this study, a co-adjuvanted delivery system was developed and characterized, combining the mast cell activator C48/80 with chitosan nanoparticles (Chi-C48/80 NPs), and the results were compared with plain

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Hubbard, Anthony R., and Man Yu Wong. "A Collaborative Study on the Measurement of Protein S Antigen in Plasma." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 68, no. 02 (1992): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1656334.

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SummaryA collaborative study on the measurement of protein S (PS) antigen (total and free) in a freeze-dried ampouled test plasma by assay against local house standard plasmas was carried out in eleven laboratories. Potency estimates of total PS showed good agreement between laboratories with a geometric coefficient of variation (gcv) of 5.9% and an overall combined potency of 0.84 units per ml. Potency estimates of free PS antigen in the test sample were associated with increased variability between laboratories resulting from the polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation step which is used to

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Nijen Twilhaar, Maarten K., Lucas Czentner, Joanna Grabowska, et al. "Optimization of Liposomes for Antigen Targeting to Splenic CD169+ Macrophages." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 12 (2020): 1138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12121138.

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Despite promising progress in cancer vaccination, therapeutic effectiveness is often insufficient. Cancer vaccine effectiveness could be enhanced by targeting vaccine antigens to antigen-presenting cells, thereby increasing T-cell activation. CD169-expressing splenic macrophages efficiently capture particulate antigens from the blood and transfer these antigens to dendritic cells for the activation of CD8+ T cells. In this study, we incorporated a physiological ligand for CD169, the ganglioside GM3, into liposomes to enhance liposome uptake by CD169+ macrophages. We assessed how variation in t

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Tonouchi, Keisuke, Yu Adachi, Saya Moriyama, et al. "Stereotyped B-cell response that counteracts antigenic variation of influenza viruses." International Immunology 32, no. 9 (2020): 613–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/intimm/dxaa038.

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Abstract Influenza A subtypes are categorized into group 1 and group 2 based on the hemagglutinin (HA) sequence. Owing to the phylogenetic distance of HAs in different groups, antibodies that bind multiple HA subtypes across different groups are extremely rare. In this study, we demonstrated that an immunization with acid-treated HA antigen elicits germinal center (GC) B cells that bind multiple HA subtypes in both group 1 and group 2. The cross-group GC B cells utilized mostly one VH gene (1S56) and exhibited a sign of clonal evolution within GCs. The 1S56-lineage IgGs derived from GC B cells

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Sun, Yamin, Min Wang, Quan Wang, et al. "Genetic Analysis of the Cronobacter sakazakii O4 to O7 O-Antigen Gene Clusters and Development of a PCR Assay for Identification of All C. sakazakii O Serotypes." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 78, no. 11 (2012): 3966–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.07825-11.

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ABSTRACTThe Gram-negative bacteriumCronobacter sakazakiiis an emerging food-borne pathogen that causes severe invasive infections in neonates. Variation in the O-antigen lipopolysaccharide in the outer membrane provides the basis for Gram-negative bacteria serotyping. The O-antigen serotyping scheme forC. sakazakii, which includes seven serotypes (O1 to O7), has been recently established, and the O-antigen gene clusters and specific primers for threeC. sakazakiiserotypes (O1, O2, and O3) have been characterized. In this study, theC. sakazakiiO4, O5, O6, and O7 O-antigen gene clusters were sequ

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Raphael, Alabi, Adeoye Aliyah Adesalewa, Amusan Festus Olatunbosun, et al. "Prevalence of Du antigen among RhD-negative blood donors at University College Hospital, Ibadan." Sokoto Journal of Medical Laboratory Science 10, no. 1 (2025): 380–87. https://doi.org/10.4314/sokjmls.v10i1.36.

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In transfusion medicine, the Du antigen a variation of the RhD antigen is crucial because of its implications for transfusion reactions and haemolytic disease of the foetus and newborn (HDFN). The Du antigen is clinically significant, but its prevalence in many areas, including Nigeria, is still poorly understood, which presents problems for Rh typing accuracy and transfusion safety. This study aims to determine the proportion of RhD-negative blood donors and the prevalence of the Du antigen among these donors at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan. This cross-sectional study was car

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Santander, Javier, Soo-Young Wanda, Cheryl A. Nickerson, and Roy Curtiss. "Role of RpoS in Fine-Tuning the Synthesis of Vi Capsular Polysaccharide in Salmonella enterica Serotype Typhi." Infection and Immunity 75, no. 3 (2006): 1382–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.00888-06.

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ABSTRACT Regulation of the synthesis of Vi polysaccharide, a major virulence determinant in Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi, is under the control of two regulatory systems, ompR-envZ and rscB-rscC, which respond to changes in osmolarity. Some serotype Typhi strains exhibit overexpression of Vi polysaccharide, which masks clinical detection of lipopolysaccharide O antigen. This variation in Vi polysaccharide and O antigen display (VW variation) has been observed since the initial studies of serotype Typhi. In this study, we report that rpoS plays a role in this increased expression in Vi pol

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Zhou, Lei, Jinxing Song, Mengxiang Wang, et al. "Establishment of a Dual-Antigen Indirect ELISA Based on p30 and pB602L to Detect Antibodies against African Swine Fever Virus." Viruses 15, no. 9 (2023): 1845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15091845.

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African swine fever (ASF) is an acute, virulent, and highly fatal infectious disease caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV). There is no effective vaccine or diagnostic method to prevent and control this disease currently, which highlights the significance of ASF early detection. In this study, we chose an early antigen and a late-expressed antigen to co-detect the target antibody, which not only helps in early detection but also improves accuracy and sensitivity. CP204L and B602L were successfully expressed as soluble proteins in an Escherichia coli vector system. By optimizing variou

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Wu, Yuxiang, Qi Fan, Yinuo Chen, Xia Sun, and Guoqing Shi. "Production and Selection of Antibody–Antigen Pairs for the Development of Immunoenzyme Assay and Lateral Flow Immunoassay Methods for Carbofuran and Its Analogues." Biosensors 12, no. 8 (2022): 560. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12080560.

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To produce a sensitive monoclonal antibody (mAb) for the simultaneous detection of carbofuran, benfuracarb, carbosulfan and 3-hydroxy-carbofuran, 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranmethanamine (DDB) was conjugated to bovine serum albumin (BSA) to prepare the immunogen DDB-BSA and mice were immunized. Coating antigens were prepared by conjugating DDB and 5-methoxy-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran-3-acetic acid (MDA) to BSA and ovalbumin (OVA), respectively. Furthermore, the effect of different antibody–antigen pairs on the sensitivity of ELISA and LFIA methods for the detection of carbofuran was investi

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Morgan, Rhian M., Robert J. C. Steele, Ghulam Nabi, and Colin McCowan. "Socioeconomic Variation and Prostate Specific Antigen Testing in the Community: A United Kingdom Based Population Study." Journal of Urology 190, no. 4 (2013): 1207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2013.04.044.

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shivendu, Kumar Chandan, and Kumar Roy Rupesh. "A Hospital-Based Study to Evaluate the Clinical Profile of Dengue Patients: An Observational Study." International Journal of Current Pharmaceutical Review and Research 16, no. 3 (2024): 127–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10962052.

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Aim: The aim of the present study was to study clinical spectrum of dengue patients admitted in a tertiary carehospital in Bihar.Methods: The present study was conducted in the Department of General Medicine for the period of 1 year. Atotal of 200 hospitalized patients (Age >15 years) diagnosed as dengue were enrolled in our study.Results: A total of 200 hospitalized patients (Age >15 years) diagnosed as dengue were enrolled in our study outof which 150 patients were males (75%) and 50 patients were females (25%). Mean age of presentation was 39.51years (19-68 years). Maximum number of c

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Klinkenberg, Lieke JJ, Eef GWM Lentjes, and Arjen-Kars Boer. "Clinical interpretation of prostate-specific antigen values: Type of applied cut-off value exceeds methods bias as the major source of variation." Annals of Clinical Biochemistry: International Journal of Laboratory Medicine 56, no. 2 (2019): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004563218822665.

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Background Prostate-specific antigen is the biochemical gold standard for the (early) detection and monitoring of prostate cancer. Interpretation of prostate-specific antigen is both dependent on the method and cut-off. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of method-specific differences and cut-off values in a national external quality assessment scheme (EQAS). Methods The Dutch EQAS for prostate-specific antigen comprised an annual distribution of 12 control materials. The results of two distributions were combined with the corresponding cut-off value. Differences between methods w

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Wallnöfer, A. E., J. M. T. van Griensven, H. C. Schoemaker, et al. "Effect of Isotretinoin on Endogenous Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator (t-PA) and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) in Humans." Thrombosis and Haemostasis 70, no. 06 (1993): 1005–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1649715.

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SummaryThe effect of isotretinoin on fibrinolysis was investigated in 10 healthy, male volunteers in a randomized, double-blind, crossover-designed study. Isotretinoin (40 mg) was administered in the morning and in the evening for 5 days. t-PA, u-PA and PAI-1 antigen and activity in plasma were measured every morning at 9 a.m. on days 1 to 4 and every 3 hours over 24 hours on day 5. Isotretinoin treatment had no significant stimulatory effect on endogenous t-PA antigen and activity in morning plasma samples nor on their circadian variation. Also, u-PA antigen levels did not change after isotre

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BEHAL, R., R. JAIN, K. K. BEHAL, and T. N. DHOLE. "Variation in the host ABO blood group may be associated with susceptibility to hepatitis C virus infection." Epidemiology and Infection 138, no. 8 (2009): 1096–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268809991117.

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SUMMARYThis study aimed to determine the relationship between hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and ABO/Rhesus blood groups, age and sex. A total of 20 000 patients who came to donate blood in the blood bank of GSVM Medical College, Kanpur were enrolled in the study. Demographic data recorded for each patient included age, sex and blood group. Blood samples were tested for anti-HCV antibodies and ABO/Rhesus blood group antigen typing was performed. The overall positive rate of anti-HCV was 0·34%. We found that seropositivity for HCV increased with age. Anti-HCV antibodies were detected in 1/76

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Saarinen, Niila V. V., Jussi Lehtonen, Riitta Veijola, et al. "Multiplexed High-Throughput Serological Assay for Human Enteroviruses." Microorganisms 8, no. 6 (2020): 963. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8060963.

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Immunological assays detecting antibodies against enteroviruses typically use a single enterovirus serotype as antigen. This limits the ability of such assays to detect antibodies against different enterovirus types and to detect possible type-specific variation in antibody responses. We set out to develop a multiplexed assay for simultaneous detection of antibodies against multiple enterovirus and rhinovirus types encompassing all human infecting species. Seven recombinant VP1 proteins from enteroviruses EV-A to EV-D and rhinoviruses RV-A to RV-C species were produced. Using Meso Scale Diagno

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Craig, Vanessa J., Isabelle Arnold, Christiane Gerke, et al. "Gastric MALT lymphoma B cells express polyreactive, somatically mutated immunoglobulins." Blood 115, no. 3 (2010): 581–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2009-06-228015.

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Abstract Gastric B-cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) arises against a background of chronic inflammation caused by persistent Helicobacter pylori infection. The clinical and histopathologic features of the human tumor can be reproduced by Helicobacter infection of BALB/c mice. In this study, we have analyzed the antibody sequences and antigen specificity of a panel of murine and human MALT lymphoma–derived antibodies. We find that a majority of tumors in patients as well as experimentally infected mice are monoclonal. The tumor immunoglobulin heavy chain genes have unde

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Wagner, D. K., J. York-Jolley, T. R. Malek, J. A. Berzofsky, and D. L. Nelson. "Antigen-specific murine T cell clones produce soluble interleukin 2 receptor on stimulation with specific antigens." Journal of Immunology 137, no. 2 (1986): 592–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.137.2.592.

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Abstract In this study, we used monoclonal antibodies to the murine IL 2 receptor (IL 2R) termed 3C7 and 7D4, which bind to different epitopes on the murine IL 2R, to develop an ELISA to measure soluble murine IL 2R. Surprisingly, stimulated murine spleen cells not only expressed cell-associated IL 2R, but also produced a considerable level of cell free IL 2R in the culture supernatant fluid. To assess the fine specificity of this response, myoglobin-immune murine T cell clones were stimulated with appropriate or inappropriate antigen and syngeneic or allogeneic presenting cells. Proliferation

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