Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Antígenos virais'
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Regina, Magda. "Produção de antígenos virais para detecção de anticorpos contra o vírus da cinomose canina." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/BUOS-8QEP4L.
Full textO antígeno do virus da cinomose canina (CIC) foi produzido em dois tipos de cultivos celulares, células de fibroblasto de embrião de galinha (FEG) e células de rim de macaco verde (Vero). Esses antígenos foram utilizados para ensaio do teste de ELISA indireto (ELlSAi), detectando anticorpos sorológicos de cães. Os oitenta e um soros testados frente ao antígeno produzido em FEG e os sessenta testados frente ao antígeno produzido em Vero foram previamente analisados pela soroneutralização (SN). Neste trabalho são apresentados e discutidos os procedimentos para a produção de antígeno viral e os resultados obtidos em sua utilização nos dois sistemas de ELISAi desenvolvidos.
Antunes, Dinler Amaral. "Estudo in silico das bases moleculares responsáveis pela reatividade cruzada entre epitopos virais restritos ao alelo HLA-A*02:01." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/54417.
Full textRecognition of the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) by Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTLs) is the final step of an important intracellular pathway, responsible for presenting endogenous peptides. This route allows the Immune System to perform a persistent surveillance of the cytoplasmic content of all nucleated cells, being a pivotal mechanism in antiviral and antitumoral defense. The understanding of molecular issues underlying the stimulation of a given T cell population by a specific peptide:MHC (pMHC) complex is essential for vaccine development, having special application to study the immunity against Hepatits C Virus (HCV). In a recent work, Paraskevi Fytili and colleagues evaluated the immunogenicity of an HCV-NS31073 variants subset against a CTL population previously stimulated with the wild-type epitope. Both natural and synthetic variants were used, and a large variation of IFN-gamma production by wildtype- specific T cells was observed. In this work, we intend to evaluate this variability at molecular level, through bioinformatics approaches. The prior identification of allele-specific patterns, presented by epitopes in the MHC cleft, allowed the development of a strategy for in silico construction of pMHC complexes, combining Molecular Docking and Energy Minimization (D1- EM-D2). This innovative approach was used to build 10 complexes presenting synthetic peptides and 28 complexes presenting naturally occurring variants, all in the context of human MHC allele HLA-A*02:01. The molecular surface of these complexes was further evaluated regarding its topology, electrostatic potential and Accessible Surface Area (ASA). Resulting data was used to group the variants according to its similarity with the wild-type-presenting complex, being these groups confronted with in vitro data, previously published by Fytili et al. This analysis, corroborated by multivariate statistical methods, has highlighted the sharing of structural aspects among complexes that stimulate response in vitro, as well as possible molecular issues responsible for abrogation of cellular immune response against certain HCV variants. This work suggests structural in silico analysis of pMHC complexes as a reliable tool for vaccine development, affording to predict the impact of viral escape mutations and selection of epitopes with potential to induce cross-reactive immune responses.
Silva, Leonardo Assis da. "Expressão de antígenos virais fusionados a uma proteína formadora de corpos de oclusão de um vírus de inseto." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2016. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/23068.
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Baculovírus são vírus de DNA de dupla fita circular que infectam insetos, inicialmente utilizados apenas como controle biológico por serem capazes de eliminar insetos-praga associados à agricultura. Nas décadas de 70 e 80, seu potencial como ferramenta para expressão de proteínas heterólogas começou a ser explorado. Hoje, os baculovírus têm sido utilizados amplamente para expressar antígenos de uso vacinal ou diagnóstico e até mesmo utilizados como potenciais vetores de terapia gênica e vacinas de DNA. Sua biossegurança é garantida pelo fato de não serem capazes de se replicar em células de mamífero. Entretanto, são capazes de penetrar nessas células, além de apresentarem propriedades imunoestimulatórias. Deste modo, inúmeras proteínas de importância médica e econômica foram expressas em níveis elevados aplicando desse sistema. Atualmente, não existem indústrias ou empresas nacionais disponíveis para a produção escalonável do antígeno de superfície HBsAg. Perante disso, os insumos são importados tanto para fins vacinais como para o diagnóstico. A vacina anti-rábica altualmente é constituída por suspensões de vírus purificados e inativados com β- propiolactona, representando um risco de manipulação. Portanto, a produção de proteínas virais recombinantes permitiu o desenvolvimento e métodos de diagnóstico e vacinas mais seguras. Neste trabalho foram construídos baculovírus recombinantes contendo os genes do antígeno HBsAg de HBV e de um peptídeo imunogênico derivado da glicoproteína do vírus da Raiva (Pept/G), fusionados à proteína poliederina (POLH) do baculovírus Autrographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV). As proteínas recombinantes foram expressas em inseto e culturas de células na forma de agregrados protéicos cristalinos. A proteína recombinante contendo o antígeno HBSAg foi reconhecida por anticorpos anti-HBsAg em testes de imunoensaio (EIA) comerciais. A protéina recombinante contendo o Pept/G foi capaz de estimular o sistema immune de camundongos com sucesso, verificado por meio da proliferação celular in vitro. Desta forma, é possível concluir que proteínas recombinantes derivadas de vírus humanos fusionadas à protéina POLH de baculovírus são uma alternativa para a produção destes antígenos.
Baculovirus are circular double-stranded DNA viruses that infect insects and initially used only as biological control agents for being able to eliminate insect pests associated with agriculture. In the 1970s and 1980s, its potential as a tool for the expression of heterologous proteins began to be explored. Today, baculoviruses have been used extensively to express antigens for vaccine production, diagnostics and even as potential vectors for gene therapy and DNA vaccines. Their biosafety isguaranteed by the fact that baculoviruses are not able to replicate in mammalian cells. However, they can enter these cells and present immunostimulatory abilities. In this way, numerous proteins of medical and economic importance have been expressed at high levels applying this system. Currently, there are no Brazilian-based companies available to produce HBsAg surface antigen in a large scale, and the supplies to produce both vaccines and diagnostic kits are imported from other countries. The rabies vaccine currently consists of purified and inactivated virus suspensions with β-propiolactone, representing a health risk from its manipulation. Therefore, the use of recombinant proteins from viruses allowed the development of safer diagnostic methods and vaccines. In addition, this strategy may reduce the cost of vaccine manufacturing and eventually, contribute towards disease control. In this work, we constructed two recombinant baculoviruses; one containing of sHBsAg antigen gene of HBV and second recombinant containing an immunogenic peptide derived from the rabies virus glycoprotein (Pept/G). Both were fused to the polyhedrin protein (POLH) of the baculovirus Autrographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV). Recombinant proteins were expressed in insect cells and in insects in the form of crystalline protein aggregates. The recombinant protein containing the HBSAg antigen was used in commercial immunoassay (EIA) tests and was recognized by the anti-HBsAg antibodies. A recombinant protein containing Pept/G could successfully stimulate the immune system of mice which was verified by cell proliferation in vitro. Thus, it is possible to conclude that recombinant proteins derived from human viruses fused to the baculovírus POLH protein are an alternative to produce diagnostic tests and possible subunit vaccines.
Brand, Heike Erna. "Desenvolvimento de teste diagnóstico para a triagem sorológica de diversas infecções virais." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2014. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/10663.
Full textFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães. Recife, PE, Brasil
A leishmaniose visceral canina (LVC) e uma doença parasitária causada por protozoários do gênero Leishmania, principalmente por Leishmania infantum. A epidemiologia da doença varia de região para região e o entendimento dos fatores associados à infecção em cães pode ajudar na elaboração de medidas de controle mais específicas. O diagnóstico sorológico da infecção sofreu mudanças importantes nos últimos anos com a introdução do TR-DPP® e do estabelecimento de novos critérios de diagnóstico (TR-DPP® + EIE-LVC) pelo Ministério da Saúde. Dentro desse contexto, no presente estudo objetivou-se estudar a epidemiologia da LVC no município de Goiana, estado de Pernambuco, nordeste do Brasil. Para tal, realizaram-se testes sorológicos (TR-DPP® e EIE-LVC) e análise clínico-epidemiológica em 360 cães semi e domiciliados, de ambos os sexos, raças e idades variadas, nos distritos de Atapuz, Tejucupapo e Pontas de Pedra no referido município. No TR-DPP®47 (13,1 por cento) animais foram reagentes, onde se observou associação significativa dos resultados com os seguintes sinais clínicos: alopecia, lesões na pele paresia e linfonodomegalia. Já no EIE-LVC 21 (5,8 por cento) animais foram reagentes, havendo associação significativa entre a classificação clínica dos animais, condição corporal, alopecia, lesões na pele, secreção ocular, paresia e linfonodomegalia. Já de acordo com o critério do Ministério da Saúde do Brasil, apenas 15 (4,2 por cento) animais foram classificados como positivos. De fato, verificou-se uma fraca concordância (Kappa = 0,39) entre os dois testes sorológicos. Conclui-se que a LVC encontra-se estabelecida em Goiana e que o uso do TR-DPP® como teste de triagem e do EIE-LVC como teste confirmatório pode levar a perda de cães infectados, uma vez que cães positivos do TR-DPP® são negativos no EIE-LVC e vice-versa
Costa, Simone Morais da. "Vacinas de DNA contra o vírus da dengue utilizando como antígenos as proteínas NS1 e NS3." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2008. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/12179.
Full textFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
O vírus da dengue (DENV) consiste de quatro sorotipos antigenicamente relacionados: DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 e DENV-4. Apesar dos diversos esforços para o desenvolvimento de uma vacina contra dengue, ainda não há nenhuma comercialmente disponível. As proteínas não estruturais 1 e 3 (NS1 e NS3) são indicadas como antígenos promissores para o desenvolvimento de uma vacina contra DENV. Segundo alguns estudos, a proteína NS1 é capaz de induzir uma resposta protetora de anticorpos com atividade de fixação do complemento. A proteína NS3, que realiza reações enzimáticas essenciais para a replicação viral, parece ser imunogênica, contendo um predomínio de epítopos para linfócitos T CD4+ e CD8+. No presente trabalho nós avaliamos o potencial de vacinas de DNA baseadas nas proteínas NS1 e NS3 de DENV-2. Foram construídos cinco plasmídeos, pcTPANS3, pcTPANS3H, pcTPANS3P, pcTPANS3N e pcTPANS3C, contendo a seqüência que codifica o peptídeo sinal do ativador de plasminogênio de tecido humano (t-PA) fusionado ao gene NS3 inteiro ou partes destes. Todos estes plasmídeos mediaram a expressão das proteínas recombinantes in vitro em células eucarióticas Camundongos foram inoculados com estes plasmídeos e desafiados com DENV-2 por via intracerebral (i.c.). Nenhuma destas construções induziu níveis satisfatórios de proteção. Além dos plasmídeos com NS3, foram construídas quatro vacinas de DNA baseadas no gene NS1: 1 - pcENS1, que codifica a região C-terminal da proteína E fusionada à NS1, 2 - pcENS1ANC, similar ao pcENS1 com a adição da porção N-terminal da NS2A (ANC), 3 - pcTPANS1, que codifica o peptídeo sinal t-PA fusionado à NS1 e 4 - pcTPANS1ANC, semelhante ao pcTPANS1 com a adição da seqüência ANC. A proteína NS1 recombinante foi detectada nos extratos celulares e sobrenadante das culturas de células BHK transfectadas com pcTPANS1, pcENS1 e pcENS1ANC. Tais resultados indicam que as seqüências sinais t-PA e E direcionaram a NS1 para secreção. A proteína NS1 também foi observada associada à membrana plasmática de células transfectadas com pcENS1ANC, demonstrando a importância da seqüência ANC para o seu ancoramento. Todos os camundongos imunizados com pcTPANS1 ou pcENS1 produziram altos níveis de anticorpos, direcionados principalmente para epítopos conformacionais da NS1, enquanto que somente metade dos animais inoculados com pcENS1ANC apresentaram níveis detectáveis de anticorpos A resposta de anticorpos se mostrou duradoura (até 56 semanas após a primeira dose das vacinas), e os animais apresentaram uma rápida resposta secundária após um reforço de DNA. Camundongos imunizados com os plasmídeos pcTPANS1 e pcENS1 se mostraram protegidos contra desafios com DENV-2 por via i.c., sendo o pcTPANS1 levemente mais protetor. Estes dois plasmídeos ativaram a produção de diferentes subclasses de IgG específicas contra NS1. Não foi observada proteção interespecífica quando camundongos imunizados com pcTPANS1 foram desafiados por via i.c. com DENV-1. Os animais imunizados com o pcTPANS1 foram desafiados com DENV-2 por via intraperitoneal e também se mostraram protegidos. Neste modelo de desafio, foi observada uma diminuição dos efeitos histopatológicos do vírus no fígado dos animais vacinados. Resultados preliminares sugerem à lise de células infectadas com DENV-2, dependente do complemento, na presença dos anticorpos direcionados contra NS1
Dengue virus (DENV) consists of four antigenically related serotypes: DENV-1, DENV-2, DENV-3 and DENV-4. Although considerable research has been conducted towards the development of a DENV vaccine, no vaccine is yet commercially available. The non-structural proteins 1 and 3 (NS1 and NS3) have been identified as promising antigens for the development of vaccines against DENV. According to some reports, NS1 can elicit a protective antibody response with complement-fixing activities. NS3, a protein that carries out enzymatic reactions essential for viral replication, appears to be immunogenic, presenting a preponderance of the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell epitopes. In the present work we investigate the potential of DNA vaccines based on the DENV-2 NS1 and NS3 proteins. We constructed five recombinant plasmids, pcTPANS3, pcTPANS3H, pcTPANS3P, pcTPANS3N and pcTPANS3C, which contain the sequence that codes the signal peptide derived from the human tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) fused to the full or partial length of the DENV-2 NS3 gene. Results indicated that these plasmids promoted the expression of recombinant proteins in eukaryotic cells. Mice were inoculated with these plasmids and challenged by the intracerebral (i.c.) route with DENV-2. None of these constructs induced acceptable protection. Moreover, we constructed four DNA vaccines based on the DENV-2 NS1 gene: 1 - pcENS1, coding the C-terminal of the E protein fused to NS1, 2 - pcENS1ANC, similar to pcENS1 with the addition of the N-terminal of NS2A (ANC), 3 - pcTPANS1, coding the t-PA signal sequence fused to NS1 and 4 - pcTPANS1ANC, similar to pcTPANS1 with the addition of the ANC sequence. The recombinant NS1 protein was detected in cell extracts and culture supernatants from pcTPANS1-, pcENS1- and pcENS1ANC-transfected BHK cells. Such results indicated that the E and t-PA sequences targeted NS1 to secretion. NS1 was also observed in association with plasma membrane of pcENS1ANC-transfected cells, which demonstrated the importance of the ANC sequence for cell anchoring. High levels of antibodies, mainly recognizing surface-exposed conformational epitopes of NS1, were induced in all mice immunized with pcTPANS1 and pcENS1, while only half of pcENS1ANC-inoculated animals presented detectable antibody levels. Long-term antibody response was observed in pcTPANS1 and pcENS1 immunized animals (56 weeks after the first vaccine inoculation) and there was a rapid secondary response after a DNA booster. Protection was elicited in pcTPANS1- and pcENS1-immunized mice challenged with DENV- 2 by the i.c. route and the pcTPANS1 seemed to generate a slightly higher protection. Moreover, these two plasmids induced different NS1-specific IgG subclasses. No protection was displayed when pcTPANS1-immunized animals were i.c. challenged with DENV-1. Animals inoculated with pcTPANS1 were also protected when they were challenged with DENV-2 by the intraperitoneal route. Liver tissue from vaccinated animals presented a remarkable decrease of hepatic damages in this challenge mouse model. Preliminary results suggested the complement-mediated lyses of DENV-2 infected cells in the presence of the NS1-specific antibody.
Nogueira, Raquel Tayar. "Desenvolvimento e caracterização biológica e imunológica de vírus amarílicos recombinantes expressando antígenos da proteína ASP-2 de amastigotas de Trypanosoma cruzi." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2011. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/6269.
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Fundação Oswaldo Cruz.Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de janeiro, RJ, Brasil
O vírus vivo atenuado de Febre Amarela (FA) YF 17D é uma das vacinas virais mais seguras e eficazes já administradas a humanos, a qual induz uma resposta imune polivalente. Estas características tornam este vírus vacinal umaplataforma tecnológica para o desenvolvimento de novas vacinas. Através da tecnologia do clone infeccioso, nós utilizamos o arcabouço de YF 17D para expressar epítopo indutor de linfócitos T CD8 + , TEWETGQI e um fragmento imunogênico, ambos provenientes da proteína de superfície de amastigota 2 (ASP-2) de Trypanosoma cruzi, parasita causador da Doença de Chagas. Este estudo objetivou evidenciar o potencial deste vírus em expressar antígenos heterólogos. O epítopo TEWETGQI foi clonado e expresso baseando-se em doissítios distintos do genoma: na alça fgda proteína de Envelope (E) (YF17D/E200/Tc) e no sítio de clivagem proteolítico entre NS2B e NS3 (YF17D/NS2B3/Tc). Uma terceira estratégia envolveu a montagem de um cassete heterólogo expressando um fragmento imunogênico de 120 aminoácidos de ASP-2 entre as proteínas E e NS1 (YF17D/ENS1/Tc). Nós investigamos se o sítio de expressão poderia influenciar a imunogenicidade do antígeno heterólogo. Assim, foram gerados vírus que se replicaram em cultura de células similar ao YF 17DD e permaneceram estáveis geneticamente após algumas passagens seriadas em célula Vero. A expressão dos antígenos heterólogos pelos vírus recombinantes revelou distintos padrões de detecção em diferentes regiões da célula. Outros estudos de caracterizaçãomostraram que os vírus YF17D/E200/Tc e YF17D/NS2B3/Tc são mais atenuados do que YF 17DD, quando inoculados via intracerebral em camundongos, sendo YF17D/E200/Tc o mais atenuado. Estudos de imunogenicidade revelaram que todos os vírus foram capazes de induzir anticorpos neutralizantes para Febre Amarela e o vírus YF17D/ENS1/Tc induziu anticorpos que reagem especificamente com amastigotas. Além disso, os vírus recombinantes induziram em camundongos imunizados uma resposta celular T produtora de interferon-gama(IFN-γ) antígeno-específica, além de uma resposta balanceada T CD4 + e T CD8 + para Febre Amarela. A vacinação de uma linhagem murina altamente suscetível à infecção por T. cruzicom um regime de dose-reforço homólogo que utilizou uma formulação de vírus YF 17D recombinantes induziu células T CD8 + TEWETGQI específicas após uma única dose, a qual poderia explicar o maior grau de proteção após desafio com T. cruzi. Assim, concluímos que a plataforma de YF 17D é útil para expressar antígenos de protozoários (T. cruzi) em regiões funcionais distintas do genoma com um impacto mínimo na viabilidade viral. Além disso, o uso de novas formulações contendo diferentes vírus YF 17D recombinantes parece ser uma estratégia promissora, a qual será explorada para outros patógenos.
The attenuated Yellow Fever (YF) 17D vaccine virus is one of the safest and most effective viral vaccines administered to humans, inwhich it elicits a polyvalent immune response. These characteristics make this vaccine virus a technological platform to the development of new vaccines. Herein, through the infectious clone technology, we used the YF 17D backbone to express a CD8 + T cell epitope, TEWETGQI and an immunogenic fragment, both originated from the Trypanosoma cruzi (the causative agent of Chagas disease) Amastigote Surface Protein 2 (ASP-2). This study aimed to provide further evidence for the potential of this virus to express foreign epitopes. The TEWETGQI epitope was cloned and expressed in two different genomic insertion sites:the fg loop of the viral Envelope protein (E) (YF17D/E200/Tc) and the protease cleavage site between the NS2B and NS3 (YF17D/NS2B3/Tc). A third strategy involved the construction of a heterologous cassette expressing an immunogenic ASP-2 fragment between E and NS1 (YF17D/ENS1/Tc). We investigated whether the site of expression had any influence on foreign antigen immunogenicity. In this sense, we generated virus that replicated similarly to vaccine virus YF 17DD in cell culture and remained genetically stable after some serial passages in Vero cells. The expression of the heterologous antigens by the recombinant viruses revealed distinct patterns of detection regarding different regions of the cell. Other characterization studies showed that YF17D/E200/Tc and YF17D/NS2B3/Tc were more attenuated than YF 17DD, when inoculated intracerebrally in mice, YF17D/E200/Tc being the most attenuated. Immunogenicity studies revealed that all viruses elicited neutralizing antibodies to YF virus and YF17D/ENS1/Tc virus induced antibodies that react specifically to amastigotes. Moreover, recombinant viruses generated an antigen specificgamma interferon (IFN-γ) mediated T-cell response in immunized mice as well as a balanced YF T CD4 + and T CD8 + response. Vaccination of a mouse lineage highly susceptible to infection by T. cruziwith a homologous prime-boost regimen of a YF 17D recombinant formulation elicited TEWETGQI specific CD8 + T cells after only one dose which could explain the higher degree of protection after T. cruzichallenge. We conclude that the YF 17D platform is useful to express Protozoan (T. cruzi) antigens at different functional regions of its genome with minimal reduction in vector viability. Besides, the use of new viral formulations composed of different YF 17D recombinant viruses seem to be a promising strategythat will be explored to other pathogens.
Palka, Ana Paula Gori. "Desenvolvimento de antígenos recombinantes e mapeamento das regiões antigênicas da proteína VP3 pra diagnóstico da doença infecciosa da bursa." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/48070.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular. Defesa: Curitiba, 31/08/2016
Inclui referências : f. 106-114
Resumo: A doença infecciosa da bursa (IBD) ou doença de Gumboro é uma doença viral de galinhas (Gallus gallus) relevante para o comércio internacional de animais e de seus produtos. Está associada à mortalidade e imunossupressão dos animais. Considerando a importância econômica da avicultura para o Brasil e o estado do Paraná, é obrigatório a tomada de medidas de controle em granjas comerciais, que visem a prevenção de surtos e a vigilância sobre o aparecimento de novas variantes, mais patogênicas, e que não respondem às vacinas. Testes diagnósticos confiáveis são ferramentas importantes no controle dessa infecção. A utilização de proteínas recombinantes como substrato de testes sorológicos é uma atraente alternativa para a produção nacional de reagentes, uma vez que os testes atualmente utilizados são importados. Sequências das proteínas antigênicas VP2 e VP3 de cepas brasileiras e estrangeiras, selvagens e vacinais foram buscadas no banco de dados do NCBI e alinhadas utilizando o programa ClustalW. Foram selecionadas 10 sequências nucleotídicas para síntese comercial clonadas no pUC57, das quais 9 da VP2 e uma da VP3. Os genes sintéticos foram clonados no vetor pET-28a (Novagen) para expressão em Escherichia coli e pMIB/V5-His (Invitrogen) para expressão em células de insetos. Fragmentos da VP3 foram obtidos por PCR fusionados à GFP para aumentar a massa molecular dos peptídeos. A expressão da VP2 em células de insetos e em E. coli não foi obtida. A VP3 e os fragmentos foram expressos na cepa BL 21 Star. A VP3 foi expressa em corpos de inclusão e solubilizada com 2 M de ureia. Os fragmentos foram obtidos na fração solúvel. A purificação das proteínas foi realizada por afinidade em resina de níquel. A reatividade da VP3 e fragmentos foi testada no teste de ELISA indireto. O teste de ELISA da VP3 com soros de animais vacinados e não vacinados apresentou 93,75% de sensibilidade e 85,19% de especificidade. Utilizando somente soros de animais imunizados o teste de ELISA apresentou 100% de sensibilidade e especificidade. O mapeamento das regiões antigênicas da VP3 mostrou duas regiões, fragmentos 2 e 7, que concentraram maior número de epitopos. Os fragmentos 5, 6, e 7 foram as regiões da VP3 mais reativas. Este estudo mostrou que a proteína recombinante VP3 pode ser utilizada para avaliar o status imunológico pós-vacinal das aves. A utilização da VP3 recombinante para diagnosticar a presença/ausência da doença em animais não vacinados deve ser melhor avaliada utilizando uma amostragem maior desses animais no teste de ELISA. Através dos resultados do mapeamento foi possível estabelecer regiões da proteína VP3 mais antigênicas, entretanto mais testes devem ser conduzidos antes de considerar a utilização dos fragmentos no diagnóstico do vírus da doença infecciosa da bursa (IBDV) em galinhas. Palavras-chave: doença infecciosa da bursa, doença de Gumboro, proteína recombinante, vírus da doença infecciosa da bursa, proteína VP2, proteína VP3, mapeamento de regiões antigênicas, teste de ELISA, diagnóstico da doença infecciosa da bursa.
Abstract: Infectious bursal disease (IBD) or Gumboro disease is a viral disease of chickens (Gallus gallus) relevant to international trade in animals and their products. It is associated with mortality and immunosuppression in animals. Considering the economic importance of poultry production to Brazil and to the state of Paraná, taking control measures on commercial farms is mandatory for the prevention of outbreaks and surveillance of the appearance of new more pathogenic variants that do not respond to vaccines. Reliable diagnostic tests are important tools in the control of this infection. The use of recombinant proteins as serological tests substrates is an attractive alternative to the domestic production of reagents, since the currently used tests are imported. Sequences of antigenic proteins VP2 and VP3 of Brazilian and foreign strains, wild and vaccine were sought in the NCBI database and aligned using the ClustalW program. Ten nucleotide sequences were selected, 9 sequences of VP2 and one of VP3. These sequences were commercially synthesized and cloned into pUC57. The synthetic genes were cloned into pET-28a vector (Novagen) for expression in Escherichia coli and into pMiB/V5-His (Invitrogen) for expression in insect cells. Fragments obtained by PCR using VP3 as template were used fused to GFP to increase the molecular weight of the peptides. Expression of VP2 in insect cells and E. coli was not obtained. The VP3 and the fragments were expressed in BL 21 Star strain. The VP3 was expressed in inclusion bodies and was solubilized with 2 M urea. The VP3 fragments were obtained in the soluble fraction. Purification of the protein was accomplished by nickel affinity resin. The reactivity of VP3 and fragments was tested by ELISA. The ELISA test with VP3 sera of animals vaccinated and non-vaccinated showed sensitivity of 93.75% and specificity of 85.19%. Using only the sera of immunized animals ELISA showed sensitivity and specificity of 100%. Mapping the antigenic regions of VP3 showed that two regions, fragments 2 and 7, present the highest proportion of epitopes. Fragments 5, 6, and 7 were the most reactive VP3 regions. This study showed that the recombinant protein VP3 can be used to assess post-vaccination immune status of the birds. The use of recombinant VP3 for diagnosing the presence / absence of the disease in non-vaccinated animals should be further evaluated using a larger sample of these animals in the ELISA test. Through the results of the mapping it was possible to establish regions of more antigenic protein VP3, though more tests should be conducted before considering the use of fragments in the diagnosis of IBDV in chickens. Keywords: infectious bursal disease, Gumboro disease, recombinant protein, infectious bursal disease vírus, VP2 protein, VP3 protein, mapping of antigenic regions ELISA test, diagnosis of infectious bursal disease.
Caetano, Diogo Gama. "Caracterização de variantes virais de HIV-1 em indivíduos soropositivos com perfil de controle da progressão para a AIDS e da replicação viralavaliação da ocorrência de variantes de escape da resposta imune." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2016. http://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/15377.
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Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
A infecção pelo HIV se caracteriza pela existência de um período de latência clínica (ou período assintomático) entre a infecção aguda e a fase de AIDS, cuja duração é extremamente variável, gerando distintos perfis de progressão entre os indivíduos infectados pelo HIV. Uma pequena fração de indivíduos infectados (5-10%), denominados não progressores de longo termo (LTNP), permanece clinicamente assintomática e com altos valores de TCD4+ (>500 cells/\F06Dl) durante mais de 8 anos de infecção na ausência de tratamento. Alguns desses indivíduos conseguem ainda bloquear quase totalmente a replicação e a evolução viral, gerando uma verdadeira latência evolutiva. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar o perfil mutacional do HIV-1 e a dinâmica de emergência e manutenção de mutantes virais de escape da resposta imune em pacientes HIV-1 positivos classificados como LTNPs com diferentes níveis de controle da replicação viral. Para tal, utilizou-se uma casuística de 12 indivíduos LTNPs, classificados como controladores virêmicos (VC) e controladores de elite com (ECB) e sem Blips (EC) de acordo com os seus níveis de controle da infecção. Para cada indivíduo, foram extraídas amostras de DNA a partir de PBMCs obtidos durante a visita mais antiga (V1) e mais recente (VX) disponíveis. O DNA extraído foi utilizado para amplificação e sequenciamento, através de uma metodologia de NGS, dos genes Gag e Nef. As sequências obtidas permitiram o mapeamento do gene nef inteiro (cobertura média de 212.674 seqs/pb) e dos primeiros 1000pbs de Gag (cobertura média de 286.463 seqs/pb) Os consensos de cada mapeamento foram utilizados para as análises de divergência entre V1 e VX e variantes com frequências maior que 0,5% em cada pb mapeado foram consideradas verdadeiras. As análises de evolução evidenciaram o baixo nível de diversidade e divergência dos genes Gag e Nef entre os indivíduos controladores. Indivíduos ECs apresentaram menor perfil mutacional em ambos os genes analisados quando comparados com indivíduos ECB e VC. Enquanto Gag apresentou maior conservação que Nef em VCs, ambos os genes apresentaram semelhante variabilidade in ECs, indicando que o maior controle da viremia limita a evolução em nas duas regiões. Em alguns indivíduos ECBs, evidências de superinfecção e hipermutação mediada por APOBEC3G foi observada. As análises das mutações em regiões de epítopos restritos por CTL demonstraram a presença de mutações indicativas de escape da resposta imune surgidas entre V1 e VX na maioria dos indivíduos. Mutações não sinônimas foram encontradas em baixas frequências para todos os indivíduos, incluindo ECs, indicando que tais variantes surgem, mas a grande maioria não obtém sucesso evolutivo
The HIV infection is characterized by the existence of a clinical latency period (os asymptomatic period) between the acute infection and the AIDS phase, whose duration is extremely variable, generating distinct progression profiles between Hiv infected individuals. A small fraction of infected individuals (5-10%), named long term non progressors (LTNP), remains clinically asymptomatic and with high TCD4+ levels (>500cells/ul) during more than 8 years of infection in absence of treatment. Some of these individuals can even block almost all the viral replication and evolution, generating an evolutionary latency. The objective of this study was to analyze the mutational profile of HIV-1 and the emergency and maintenance dynamic of immune response escape mutants in HIV-1 positive patients classified as LTNPs and with different levels of viral replication control. For this end, a group of 12 LTNP patients, classified as viremic controllers (VC) and Elite Controllers with (ECB) and without Blips (EC) according to their level of viremia control, was used. For each individual, DNA samples were extracted from PBMCs obtained during the earliest (V1) and most recent visits (VX) available. The extracted DNA was used to amplification and sequencing, through a NGS methodology, of the Gag and Nef genes. The sequences obtained allowed to map the whole Nef gene (medium coverage of 286.463 reads/pb) and the first 1000bps of Gag (medium coverage of 212.674 reads/pb) The consensus sequences of each mapping were used to divergence analyses between V1 and VX and variants with frequencies higher than 0,5% in each mapped bp were considered real. The evolution analyses showed a lower degree of diversity and divergence of Gag and Nef genes between controllers. EC individuals presented lower mutational profile in both genes when compared with ECB and VC patients. While Gag presented higher conservation than Nef in VCs, both genes had showed similar variability in ECs, indicating that a higher viremia control limit the evolution in both regions. In some ECB individuals, evidence of superinfection and APOBEC3g mediated Hypermutation was observed. The analyses of mutation along regions of CTL-restricted epitopes had showed the presence of mutations arised between V1 and VX, which were indicative of imune response escape, in most individuals. Non synonymous mutations had been found in lower frequencies in all individuals, including ECs, indicating that those escape variantes arise, but most don\2019t manage to obtain evolutionary success
Silveira, Guilherme Gomes. "Modulação da apresentação antigênica por células dendríticas derivadas de monócitos utilizando diferentes produtos virais do HIV: potencial de utilização em vacina terapêutica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42133/tde-11082010-140535/.
Full textDespite more than 20 years of effort, the design of an effective HIV-1 vaccine remains an enormous challenge. In this scenario, new immunological approaches must be considered. Monocytes from HIV-serodiscordant couples and non HIV exposed controls were differentiated in vitro into dendritic cells (MoDC), pulsed with different virus antigens and cultured with autologous lymphocytes. The T lymphocyte immunological response and the MoDC phenotype and function were determined. MoDCs were shown to be fully matured and activated in all antigen-pulsing protocols. Lymphocytes stimulated by DC pulsed with inactivated HIV or p55Gag protein showed greater activation, proliferation and IFNγ production in comparison to those stimulated by non pulsed MoDC. Nonetheless, T cells from non-exposed controls elicited the same response, except for the IFNγ production. This MoDC vaccine model may represent a viable and promising alternative of therapeutic vaccination against HIV.
HENRIQUES, Daniele Freitas. "Imunopatologia hepática da infecção experimental do vírus dengue em Callithrix penicillata." Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015. http://ppgbaip.propesp.ufpa.br/ARQUIVOS/teses/2015/DANIELE_FREITAS_HENRIQUES.pdf.
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A Dengue constitui um dos principais problemas de Saúde Pública no mundo, e um dos fatores que colaboram com esta situação é a falta de uma vacina eficaz contra a doença, sendo que em parte, essa dificuldade para obtenção, se deve à inexistência de um modelo experimental que represente o quadro de infecção e manifestação da doença similar aos observados em humanos. Dessa forma, o Instituto Evandro Chagas demonstrou a presença de antígenos virais de dengue, através do teste de Imuno-histoquímica, em primata não humano (PNH) da espécie Callithrix jacchus, o qual evoluiu a óbito com quadro de dengue hemorrágica. Diante do exposto, aliados ao fato de que o fígado é o órgão onde se observa as principais alterações provocadas pelo Virus Dengue (VDEN) em humanos, torna-se importante analisar o fígado de primatas do gênero Callithrix a fim de estudar a patogênese e a imunopatologia da infecção sequencial pelo VDEN. No total, 26 PNH da espécie Callithrix penicillata foram submetidos a infecção primária (IP) por via subcutânea com VDEN-3 (3,23 x 103 PFU/mL), sendo 13 destes animais anestesiados e sacrificados diariamente por sete dias pós-infecção (dpi) (fase aguda) e em intervalos aleatórios até 60 dpi (fase convalescente); a infecção secundária (IS) com VDEN-2 (4,47 x 104 PFU/mL) foi realizada dois meses após a IP nos demais 13 animais. Animais sentinelas não infectados foram reservados até o final do experimento. O fígado dos animais foram processados para histopatologia e imunohistoquímica usando anticorpos policlonais para VDEN e anticorpos para análises da resposta imune inata, celular e citocínica. Os PNH estudados foram suscetíveis à replicação sequencial do VDEN-3 e VDEN-2 no fígado, havendo expressão de antígenos virais em hepatócitos, células de Kupffer e nos corpúsculos de Councilman; o comprometimento histopatológico do fígado foi caracterizado por: presença de apoptose; focos de necrose lítica; esteatose; tumefação cellular; inflamação acinar, no espaço porta (EP) e na veia hepática central (VHC); hiperplasia/hipertrofia em células de Kupffer, bem como, hemossiderina em células de Kupffer; e dilatação dos sinusóides. A intensidade da lesão hepática foi proeminente na fase aguda da IP e IS, apresentando discreta hepatite aguda. A apoptose foi a forma predominante de morte em hepatócitos; bem como, necrose lítica e o infiltrado inflamatório apresentaram padrão de distribuição predominante em Z2. Observou-se aumento na expressão acinar de macrófagos ativados, células NK, proteína S-100 e linfócitos B durante as fases da IP e IS; houve ainda, aumento da expressão acinar de linfócitos TCD4+ durante a fase aguda da IP; observou-se aumento na expressão acinar de IFN- durante as fases da IP e IS, TNF-α e IL-8 com maior prevalência na IS, TGF-β e IL-10 mais expressas na fase aguda da IP, proteína Fas durante a fase aguda da IP e IS e VCAM na fase aguda da IS e aumento na expressão nos EP. Esses achados foram semelhantes aos observados em fígados de casos fatais de dengue em humanos, porém com intensidade e amplitude menor, sugerindo que PNH da espécie Callithrix penicillata é um bom modelo experimental para o estudo da infecção pelo VDEN, especialmente os aspectos imunopatológicos.
Dengue is one of most important public health problem in the world, and one of the factors that contribute with this situation is the lack of an effective vaccine against the disease, and in part, this difficulty to obtain is due clinical the lack of an experimental model that mimic the infection and manifestation of the disease as those observed in humans. Then, the Evandro Chagas Institute showed the presence of dengue antigens using the Immunohistochemistry assay, in the liver of a non-human primate (NHP) of the species Callithrix jacchus, with a fatal outcome following dengue hemorrhagic fever. Based in the above considerations and in addition to the fact that the liver is the targetb organ for Dengue Virus (DENV) in humans, it is important to analyze the liver of primates of the genus Callithrix in order to study the pathogenesis and the immunopathology of sequential infection by DENV. A total of 26 NHP Callithrix penicillata were submitted to primary infection (PI) subcutaneously with DENV-3 (3.23 x 103 PFU/mL), and 13 of these animals anesthetized and sacrificed daily for seven days post-infection (dpi) (acute phase) and in random intervals until 60 dpi (convalescent phase); the secondary infection (SI) with DENV-2 (4.47 x 104 PFU/mL) was performed two months after the PI in the remaining 13 animals. Uninfected sentinels animals were reserved up ending of the experiment. The liver of the animals were processed for histopathology and Immunohistochemical assay using polyclonal antibodies to DENV and antibodies for analyses of the innate and cellular immune response as well as the cytokine expression . The NHP were susceptible to sequential infection by DENV-3 and DENV-2; in the liver viral antigens were expressed in hepatocytes, Kupffer cells and Councilman bodies; the histopathological changes in liver was characterized by the presence of apoptosis, focal lytic necrosis, steatosis, swelling cellular, inflammation (acinar, EP and HCV), hyperplasia/hypertrophy in Kupffer cells, hemosiderin in Kupffer cells and sinusoidal dilatation; the intensity of the liver damage was prominent in the acute phase of PI and SI resulting in acute hepatitis. In addition the apoptosis was the most frequent mechanism of death of hepatocytes; lytic necrosis and inflammatory infiltrate showed predominant distribution pattern in Z2. An increase of the acinar expression of activated macrophages, NK cells, S-100 protein and B-lymphocytes during the stages of PI and SI; as well as, increased acinar expression of TCD4 + lymphocytes during the acute phase of PI; as to the quantification of cytokines and molecules, was observed an increase in acinar expression of: IFN- during the stages of PI and SI, TNF-α and IL-8 with higher prevalence in SI, TGF-β and IL-10 with prevalence in acute phase of PI, Fas protein during the acute phase of PI and SI and VCAM in acute phase of SI, as well as increase in expression in the EP. These findings were similar to those observed in livers from fatal cases of dengue fever in humans, but with lower intensity and amplitude, thus indicating that NHP Callithrix penicillata species is a good experimental model for infection by DENV, involving immunopathologic studies.
Yokomizo, Adriana Yurie. "Obtenção de antígeno viral a partir de culturas de células vero em microcarregadores porosos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2001. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-28072005-115307/.
Full textCultures of VERO cell on porous cellulose-coated microcarriers (Cytopore) and on porous gelatin-coated (Cultispher G) with a cellular yield 3 times higher, was obtained in relation to DEAE-dextran solid microcarriers (Cytodex type 1). In the cultures on Cytopore and Cultispher G we obtained 1.265 and 1.103 cells/microcarrier, respectively and 256 cells/microcarrier on Cytodex 1. The cell concentration for the Cytopore porous suports increased 43 times from the initial cell number, 37,5 times for the Cultispher G and 17 times for the Cytodex 1. The VERO cell cultures on porous microcarriers were efficiently used for the replication of the rabies virus (PV/VERO), when infected with 0,05 MOI. Titers of 104,8 FFD50/mL determined by the fluorescent focus inhibition method (RFFIT) were obtained 96 hours post-infection. Studies on light microscopy and scanning and transmission eletronic microscopy carried out to analyse the suports structure, showed a good cell population and efficiency of virus infection. The standardization of a methodology for culture and virus infection of VERO cells on porous microcarriers indicate the usefulness of these porous supports to the antigens and viral vaccines production and the potenciality of this system for the attainment of biotechnological products.
Campos, Fabrício Souza. "Detecção de DNA de herpesvírus em gânglios trigêmeos de bovinos e avaliação de um herpesvírus bovino tipo 5 recombinante como antígeno vacinal." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/61002.
Full textBovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1), 2 (BoHV-2), 4 (BoHV-4), 5 (BoHV-5) and ovine herpesvirus type 2 (OvHV-2) are known to induce latent infections in their natural hosts. These agents are associated with different diseases in cattle, although in the majority of infected animals, primary infections occur with few or no evident clinical signs. Eventually, susceptible hosts may display decreased productivity, reproductive losses or undergo fatal disease. This thesis comprises two studies intended to increase the knowledge on herpesvirus infections in cattle. The first chapter reports the findings of a search for DNA of BoHV-2, BoHV-4 and OvHV-2 in trigeminal ganglia (TG) of cattle. Fragments of 200 TG (from 100 animals) were collected and submitted to DNA extraction. A set of PCRs, two of which "semi-nested" was standardized to amplify a portion of the gene encoding the BoHV-2 and BoHV-4 glycoprotein B. Another PCR was designed targeting the gene coding for the FGAM-synthase of OvHV-2. Internal controls were constructed and used to determine the sensitivity of the tests. BoHV-2 genomes were found in 2% (2/100) of the examined samples. Genomes of BoHV-4 and OvHV-2 were not detected. In the second chapter of this thesis, a recombinant BoHV-5 in which the genes encoding glycoproteins I, E and protein US9 were deleted (BoHV5 gI/gE/US9-) was evaluated in its potential to protect cattle against BoHV-5 encephalitis in an inactivated vaccine. Eight calves were subcutaneously vaccinated with 3 ml of the vaccine on days 0 and 28 (vaccinated group; VG). Another four calves were mock vaccinated with the vaccine diluent (control group, CG). After challenge with wild type virus (EVI 88/95), the VG animals showed mild clinical signs of respiratory infection, whereas animals CG developed severe respiratory disease and encephalitis, which led to euthanasia of two of the four CG animals. The inactivated vaccine conferred protection against encephalitis in animals after challenge, but did not prevent viral reactivation. The studies conducted here demonstrate for the first time the occurrence of co-infections with BoHV-1, BoHV-2 and BoHV-5, but not with BoHV-4 and OvHV-2 in TG of cattle. In the second chapter, demonstrated the efficacy of an inactivated vaccine prepared with the recombinant BoHV5 gI/gE/US9- in the protection of cattle against encephalitis caused by wild-type BoHV-5.
Moraes, Camila Fernanda Verdichio de [UNESP]. "Antígeno plaquetários humanos (HPA) em portadores do vívus da hepatite c (HCV)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102625.
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A Hepatite C é uma das principais causas de doença crônica hepática. A combinação entre o interferon peguilado e a ribavirina tem sido considerado o padrão-ouro de tratamento para Hepatite C. A resposta ao tratamento vem sendo associada a fatores ambientais, do vírus e também do paciente, tais como polimorfismos genéticos dos antígenos leucocitários humanos (HLA), da interleucina-10 e do fator de necrose tumoral-a. Plaquetas possuem em suas membranas glicoproteínas que expressam segmentos protéicos polimórficos, os quais são chamados de antígenos plaquetários humanos (HPA). Os sistemas HPA-1, -3, -4 e -5 residem em integrinas, proteínas que possuem interações com interferon. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a associação entre freqüência dos HPA-1, -3, -4 e -5 e a resposta ao tratamento, em 138 pacientes tratados para Hepatite C. A genotipagem dos HPA-1, -3 e -4 foi realizada pela técnica de PCR-SSP e do HPA-5 pela PCR-RFLP. A genotipagem do HCV foi realizada através do Kit comercial INNO-LiPA® v.1.0 (Innogenetics, Ghent, Belgium), segundo as instruções do fabricante. Os pacientes foram divididos em grupos e subgrupos de acordo com o esquema terapêutico, a resposta ao tratamento e o genótipo do HCV. Os pacientes que possuíam o genótipo do HCV não-1 e que foram tratados com IFN-a+RBV, com falha terapêutica, apresentaram uma diferença estatística significante (p<0.05) nas freqüências alélicas e genotípicas do sistema HPA-3, com aumento do alelo 3b. O sistema HPA-3 está localizado em uma integrina que se liga a fibronectina, um receptor de interferon. Nesse contexto, a alteração conformacional glicoprotéica decorrente da presença do alelo HPA-3b, poderia estar associada à falha ao tratamento com IFN-a+RBV em pacientes portadores de genótipo viral não-1.
Hepatic fibrosis leading cirrhosis in 20 to 30% of patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Rapid progression to fibrosis has been related to environmental, viral and host factors. However, genetic polymorphisms have recently been associated with this progression, including the expression of integrins. Platelet membrane glycoproteins express several polymorphic antigenic determinants on their surface, which are called human platelet antigens (HPA). HPA-1, -3, -4 and -5 reside in integrins. The association between HPA antigens and stage of fibrosis can determine if HPA is related to progression of fibrosis. Thus, the goal of this study was to determine the association between the HPA-1, -3, -4 and -5 and the liver fibrosis stage in 175 HCV-infected patients. HPA-1, -3 and -4 genotyping was performed by PCR-SSP and, HPA-5 by PCR-RFLP. Fibrosis progression was evaluated using the METAVIR scoring system. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in allelic and genotypic frequency distribution of HPA-1, -3 and -5, residing in integrins.
Gonçalves, Mariana Costa Mello [UNESP]. "Produção de antígenos recombinantes do vírus da doença de Newcastle para aplicação no imunodiagnóstico." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/103340.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Foi realizada a clonagem e expressão do gene da glicoproteína HN da estirpe La Sota do vírus da doença de Newcastle (VDN), como proteína recombinante de fusão, contendo uma cauda de poli-histidina no sistema hospedeiro constituído por leveduras da espécie Saccharomyces cerevisiae, que apesar de tentativas de otimização, não evidenciou a expressão da proteína recombinante. Após isso, foram produzidas as porções N-terminal e C-terminal da glicoproteína HN como proteínas recombinantes de fusão contendo uma cauda de poli-histidina e o peptídeo SUMO no sistema hospedeiro constituído pela bactéria Escherichia coli. Contatou-se que o sistema procarioto de expressão foi mais eficiente e permitiu a geração de dois peptídeos, que depois de devidamente caracterizados e purificados foram utilizados como antígenos para a realização de testes de imunodiagnóstico em sustituição aos kits comerciais utilizados atualmente. Foram desenvolvidos dois ensaios de ELISA baseados na adsorção de um antígeno formado pela expressão da porção N-terminal da glicoproteína HN (ELISA HN N-terminal) e na porção C-terminal da mesma glicoproteína (ELISA HN C-terminal), recuperados a partir da purificação da fração solúvel de culturas de E. coli. O ELISA C-terminal mostrou os melhores coeficientes de correlação com o teste padrão HI e com o teste S-ELISA-ConA, além de melhores índices de sensibilidade, especificidade e acurácia. Com isso, o ELISA baseado em um antígeno da porção C-terminal da glicoproteína HN e uma única diluição do soro desenvolvido neste estudo pode ser aplicado no diagnóstico e monitoramento pós-vacinal do VDN
Was carried out the cloning and expression of the glycoprotein gene of the strain La Sota HN of the Newcastle disease virus (NDV), as a recombinant fusion protein containing a poly-histidine tail at the host system consisting of the yeast species Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which despite attempts at optimizing, showed no expression of recombinant protein. After that, the portions N-terminal and C-terminal from glycoprotein HN were produced as recombinant proteins containing a fusion tail and the poly-histidine peptide SUMO at the host system consisting of Escherichia coli. It was noted that the prokaryotic expression system was more efficient and allowed the generation of two peptides, which once characterized and purified were used as antigens for immunodiagnostic tests replacement in the commercial kits currently used. Were developed two ELISA assays based on the adsorption of the antigen formed by expression of the N-terminal portion of the HN glycoprotein (HN ELISA N-terminal) and the C-terminal portion of the same glycoprotein (HN ELISA C-terminus), recovered from purification of the soluble fraction of cultures of E. coli. The C-terminal ELISA showed the best correlation coefficients with the standard HI test and ELISA test S-ConA-, and higher sensitivity, specificity and accuracy. Therefore, the ELISA of the antigen based on a C-terminal portion of the glycoprotein HN and a single serum dilution developed in this study can be applied in the diagnosis and monitoring of post-vaccination VDN
Lima, Monique da Rocha Queiroz. "Antígeno NS1 dos Vírus Dengue desempenho de testes disponíveis comercialmente e aplicações alternativas para o diagnóstico precoce das infecções por dengue." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2014. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/9115.
Full textFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
A utilidade da proteína NS1 para o diagnóstico precoce e seu papel como uma ferramenta de diagnóstico adicional às abordagens existentes para a identificação das infecções por dengue já foi demonstrada. No ano de 2008, o Ministério da Saúde implantou unidades sentinelas em municípios estratégicos do país, utilizando testes de captura de antígeno (Ag) NS1 como um método de triagem e de diagnóstico precoce de casos suspeitos, contudo sem avaliações prévias. O presente estudo visou atender às demandas de avaliação e confirmação do papel destes testes na investigação de casos de dengue no país. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho e as aplicações alternativas dos testes de captura de NS1 disponíveis comercialmente. O desempenho dos testes Platelia NS1 ELISA (BioRad Laboratories) e pan-E Early ELISA, primeira geração (PanBio Diagnostics) e do teste rápido Ag Strip (BioRad Laboratories) disponíveis no mercado após a introdução destes no país, foi avaliado com um painel de 450 amostras. Dentre os três kits analisados, o teste NS1 Ag Strip foi o mais sensível (89%, 197/220), seguido pelo Platelia NS1 ELISA (84%, 184/220). O menos sensível foi pan-E Early ELISA com 72% (159/220) de sensibilidade. Uma menor sensibilidade foi observada em casos de DENV-3 por todos os três kits analisados A comparação de duas gerações do ELISA para a captura de NS1 do fabricante PanBio Diagnostics (pan-E Dengue Early ELISA e Early ELISA Dengue, segunda geração), após o aperfeiçoamento do teste pelo fabricante, demonstrou um aumento significativo na sensibilidade, de 72,3% (159/220) para 80% (176/220), p=0.05, respectivamente. As sensibilidades dos testes pan-E Dengue Early ELISA, Platelia NS1 ELISA e o NS1 Ag Strip utilizados como uma ferramenta alternativa para o diagnóstico de dengue em fragmentos de tecidos de casos fatais (n=23) foi de 34,7% (08/23), 60,8% (14/23) e 91,3% (21/23), respectivamente. Na análise de 74 fragmentos tecidos provenientes dos casos fatais, o teste NS1 Ag Strip apresentou uma sensibilidade significativamente maior (78,3%, 58/74 [p<0.05]). Este teste foi mais sensível na análise do fígado (91,3%; 21/23), pulmão (71,4%; 10/14), rim (100%, 4/4), cérebro (80%; 8/10), baço (66,6%, 10/15) e timo (100%, 3/3), quando comparado com os testes de ELISA avaliados. A utilidade dos testes de captura de NS1 também foi avaliada nas vigilâncias epidemiológica e entomológica após introdução do DENV-4 no Rio de Janeiro em 2011. Tanto o teste rápido NS1 Ag Strip quanto o Platelia NS1 ELISA confirmaram 4/9 (44,4%) dos casos suspeitos ocorridos na época e confirmaram a infecção em mosquitos Ae. aegypti coletados no campo. Relatos de uma baixa sensibilidade do teste de captura de NS1 no diagnóstico de casos de DENV-4, ocorridos após a introdução deste sorotipo no país, resultou na investigação de metodologias que visassem um aumento das sensibilidades obtidas Para tal, dois métodos de dissociação de imunocomplexos antígeno-anticorpo por calor e por dissociação ácida, foram testados. Foi observado um aumento significativo na sensibilidade do teste de 46,6% (217/466), quando as amostras não sofreram dissociação, para 70,4% (328/466) e 77,5% (361/466), p=0,017, quando sofreram dissociação ácida e térmica, respectivamente. Visando estabelecer a utilização de sangue coletado por punção digital em papel de filtro como espécime alternativo para a utilização em testes de captura de NS1, cinco protocolos, para a eluição do soro do papel de filtro foram avaliados. O protocolo descrito por Matheus et al. (2007), a utilização de 6mm de papel de filtro contendo a amostra e a eluição da amostra utilizando o próprio tampão do kit comercial, foi o protocolo mas sensível para a confirmação dos casos testados. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho corroboram àqueles que demostram a utilidade da proteína NS1 no diagnóstico precoce das infecções por dengue e demonstram a aplicação alternativa na confirmação de casos fatais, detecção dos vírus em vetores e, potencialmente, sua utilização combinada com métodos menos invasivos de coleta de sangue
The usefulness of the NS1 protein for early diagnosis of dengue infections and its role as an additional tool to existing diagnostic approaches has been demonstrated. In 2008, the Brazilian Ministry of Health established sentinel units in strategic cities of Brazil , using NS1 antigen (Ag) capture tests as a screening method and early diagnosis of suspected cases, however wit hout a previous evaluation. The present study aimed to meet the demands of evaluating and confirming the role of these tests in investigating dengue cases in the country. In this context, the goal of this study was to evaluate the performance and alternati ve applications of NS1 capture tests commercially available. The performance of the Platelia NS1 ELISA (BioRad Laboratories) and pan - E Early ELISA, first generation (PanBio Diagnostics) and rapid test NS1 Ag Strip (BioRad Laboratories) available in the mar ket after the introduction of these in the country, was evaluated with a panel of 450 samples. Among the three kits analyzed, the NS1 Ag Strip test was the most sensitive (89%, 197/220), followed by the Platelia NS1 ELISA (84%, 184/220). The least sensitiv e was the pan - E Early ELISA with 72% (159 /220) of sensitivity. A lower sensitivity was observed in DENV - 3 cases by all three kits analyzed. The comparison of two generations of the NS1 Ag capture ELISA from PanBio Diagnostics (pan - E Dengue Early ELISA an d Early ELISA Dengue, second generation) after a test improvement by the manufacturer, showed a significant increase in the sensitivity, from 72.3% (159 /220) to 80% (176/220), p=0.05, respectively. The sensitivity of the pan - E Dengue Early ELISA, Platelia NS1 ELISA and NS1 Ag Strip tests used as an alternative tool for the diagnosis of dengue in tissues of fatal cases (n=23), were 34.7% (08/23), 60.8% (14/23) and 91.3% (21/23), respectively. In the analysis of 74 tissues from dengue fatal cases, the NS1 Ag Strip test showed a significantly higher sensitivity (78.3%, 58/74 [p <0,05]) . This assay was more sensitive in the analysis of the liver (91.3%, 21/23), lung (71.4%, 10 /14), kidney (100%, 4/4), brain (80 %, 8/10), spleen (66.6%, 10 /15), and thymus (10 0%,3/3), when compared to the ELISA tests evaluated. The usefulness of the NS1 capture tests was also evaluated in the epidemiological and entomological surveillance after DENV - 4 introduction in Rio de Janeiro in 2011. Both the rapid test NS1 Ag Strip and the Platelia NS1 ELISA confirmed 4/9 (44.4%) of the suspected cases occurred at the time and confirmed the infection in Ae. aegypti collected in the field. Reports of a low sensitivity of the NS1 capture tests in diagnosing DENV - 4 cases occurred after the introduction of this serotype in the country and resulted in the investigation of methodologies to increase the sensitivities obtained. In that scenario, two methods for antigen - antibody immune complexes dissociation (heat and acid dissociations) were test ed. The sensitivity observed with the samples non - dissociated (46.6%; 217/466) was significantly improved when the samples were submitted to acid dissociation (70.4% ; 328/466) and heat dissociation (77.5 %; 361/466), p =0.017. To establish the use of fingers tick blood collection on filter paper specimens as an alternative specimen to use on NS1 tests, five protocols for eluting the serum from the filter paper were evaluated. The protocol described by Mat heus et al. (2007), using 6 mm of filter paper containin g the sample and the elution of the sample using the commercial kit buffer was itself, the most effective. The results of this study support those that demonstrate the usefulness of the NS1 protein in the early diagnosis of dengue infections and demonstrat e the alternative applications in confirming fatal cases, in the surveillance of the virus in the vectors and the potentially combined with less invasive methods of blood collection use.
SOUZA, Ana Maria Almeida. "Autoanticorpos contra antígenos celulares e sua correlação com o genótipo viral em pacientes com infecção pelo vírus da Hepatite C (HCV)." Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/3895.
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As inflamações do fígado provocadas pelos vírus hepatotrópicos atingem milhões de pessoas e representa significativo problema de saúde pública em todo o mundo. Existem interações entre viroses hepatotrópicas e o sistema imunológico do hospedeiro que podem influenciar na patogenicidade da agressão hepática. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a freqüência de auto-anticorpos em pacientes portadores do vírus da hepatite C, e sua correlação com os genótipos encontrados. Foram estudados 51 pacientes com diagnóstico confirmado pelo PCR de infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C e um grupo de 100 doadores de sangue com todos os exames sorológico para doenças infecto-contagiosas negativos. Os 51 pacientes portadores do vírus C apresentavam idade média de 43 anos, +/- 11,3, em fase pré-tratamento, 34 (66,7%) eram do gênero masculino e 17 (33,3%) do gênero feminino. Desses 13 (25,5%) apresentaram FAN positivo, 45 (88,2%) eram genótipo tipo 1 e 11,8% genótipo tipo 3. Os pacientes que se apresentaram com anticorpos detectáveis não apresentavam níveis de AST, ALT, AST/ALT, γ-GT e fosfatase alcalina significativamente diferente daqueles com auto-anticorpos negativos. Desta forma, conclui-se que os anticorpos presentes na amostra do estudo são independentes da evolução da doença e do prognóstico do paciente, entretanto parece estar ligada ao genótipo tipo 1.
Inflammation of the liver caused by hepatotropic viruses affect millions of people and represents a significant public health problem worldwide. There are interactions between hepatotropic viruses and the host immune system that can influence the pathogenesis of liver injury. The objective of this study was to investigate the frequency of autoantibodies in patients with hepatitis C virus, and its correlation with the genotypes found. We studied 51 patients diagnosed by PCR of infection with hepatitis C and a group of 100 blood donors with all serological tests for infectious diseases negative. The 51 patients with virus C had an average age of 43 years, + / - 11.3, in the pre-treatment, 34 (66.7%) were male and 17 (33.3%) were female. Of these 13 (25.5%) were ANA positive, 45 (88.2%) were with genotype 1 and 11.8% with genotype 3. Patients who presented with antibodies had no detectable levels of AST, ALT, AST / ALT, γ-GT and alkaline phosphatase significantly different from those with negative antibody titers. Thus, we conclude that the antibodies present in the study sample are independent of disease progression and patient prognosis, though seems to be linked with genotype 1.
Morais, Felipe Alves. "Ocorrência de anticorpos anti-hantavírus (IgG) em populações humanas na região Amazônica e no estado de São Paulo (Mata Atlântica), utilizando proteína recombinante (nucleocapsídio) do vírus Araraquara." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-22122010-132014/.
Full textThe genus Hantavirus of the family Bunyaviridae includes a large number of rodent-borne viruses that are distributed worldwide. The occurrence is due mainly to ecological disturbances and it is transmitted to the humans through inhalation of virus particles contained in the excreta of wild rodents. Two different human diseases known to be caused by Hantavirus: are Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) and Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (HPS). The main objective of this study was detected antibody against hanatavirus (IgG) by ELISA, in Amazon region and Brazilian Southwest populations who live in contact with the wild rodents, using recombinant protein (antigen) of the Araraquara virus expressed in Escherichia coli. We study 1308 human sera (1078 from Amazon region) and there were found 59 (5%) positive sera. From the city of Machadinho do Oeste RO (2003 year), 633 sera were analysed, where there were found to be 20 positive (4.5%) serums. In Machado river RO (2005 year), 435 sera of the river-dwelling population were analysed where there were found 39 (5%) positive sera, respectively. After analysis was accomplished for 151 human sera coming from the Vale do Ribeira - SP, in 2007, and 84 from the Pontal do Paranapanema - SP, in 2008, 14 (9%) and 6 (7%) of the samples were observed to be positive, respectively.
Mensa, Garrigosa Laura. "Caracterització de la infecció pel virus de l'hepatitis C en el marc del trasplantament hepàtic: estudi de l'expressió dels receptors d'entrada i dels antigens virals." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284757.
Full textLiver transplantation (LT) is a unique model to study the mechanisms of hepatitis C virus (HCV) entry into hepatocytes. The aims of the first study of this thesis were: 1) to characterize the expression patterns of SBR1, claudin-1 and occludin in grafts from LT recipients; 2) to explore their potential changes after infection. Our results showed that SRB1 expression was particularly abundant in the sinusoidal domain. Claudin-1 and occludin expression was restricted to the apical zone. There was a significant correlation between the amount of SRB1 at the time of reperfusion and the HCV-RNA decay during the first 24 hours following LT. Similarly, there was significant correlation between the levels of claudin-1 and occludin and the HCV-RNA increase during the first week after LT. Overall, SRB1 levels remained stable after LT, whereas claudin-1 and occludin expression increased significantly 12 months after LT, both in patients with mild and severe HCV recurrence. Despite the increase in claudin-1 and occludin levels, their expression pattern remained unchanged and restricted to the apical membrane, where claudin-1 and occludin colocalized strongly. The aim of the second study was to detect HCV antigens in liver biopsies of these patients. All reperfusion biopsies were negative for either core or NS5A staining. NS5A and core were detected in 75% of liver biopsies obtained during the acute phase of HCV infection and in 33% of biopsies belonging to patients with active infection. Importantly, HCV antigens were not detected in any of the 11 samples from patients who cleared HCV after antiviral treatment. Single infected hepatocytes were found throughout the liver sections, with propensity to localize in the periportal areas. Immunostaining was mainly hepatocellular with a granular cytoplasmic pattern and a wide spectrum of intensity. There was strong colocalization of both proteins and in some cells the staining revealed ring-like structures, supporting the localization of core and NS5A around lipid droplets. A detailed 3D analysis showed the relative position of each protein in these structures, with core localized inside and NS5a in the periphery.
Taniwaki, Sueli Akemi [UNESP]. "Desenvolvimento e validação de testes sorológicos para o diagnóstico da infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência felina (FIV) utilizando antígenos recombinantes." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/101271.
Full textFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
A infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência felina (FIV) é uma das mais importantes doenças infecciosas dos felinos domésticos. Os gatos infectados apresentam sinais clínicos inespecíficos, portanto para confirmar a infecção são necessários testes laboratoriais específicos. A detecção de anticorpos anti-FIV possui uma correlação direta com a infecção viral, pois uma vez infectado o gato permanece infectado permanentemente. No presente estudo, foram produzidos antígenos recombinantes do capsídeo viral (p24) e proteína de matriz (p17) do FIV. Os fragmentos codificantes da p24 e p17 foram amplificados a partir do DNA pró-viral extraído do sangue periférico de gatos naturalmente infectados pelo FIV (subtipo B), e clonados e expressos em fase com a cauda de histidina (6xHis) na porção amino ou carboxi-terminal. Os antígenos p24, p17, p24 fundido com o epítopo transmembrana (p24/TM) e peptídeo sintético TM do FIV foram utilizados na padronização e aplicação dos testes de ELISA indireto rápido e Western blot para detecção de anticorpos anti-FIV. A reatividade dos antígenos foi analisada separadamente no ELISA indireto rápido, e permitiu a comparação dos antígenos quanto aos valores de sensibilidade e especificidade relativa. O antígeno FIVp24/TM apresentou melhor desempenho, com concordância de 100% com o teste SNAP® FIV/FeLV Combo test (n=110). A validação do ELISA indireto rápido com o antígeno FIVp24/TM mostrou características desejáveis para o uso comercial, tais como alta precisão e manutenção da reatividade durante o armazenamento. Pode-se concluir que a produção de antígenos recombinantes do FIV foi eficiente e possibilitou o desenvolvimento de um teste rápido (ELISA indireto rápido) e um teste confirmatório (Western blot) para o diagnóstico da infecção pelo FIV
Infection with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is one of the most important infectious diseases of domestic cats. Infected cats exhibit non-specific clinical signs, so specific laboratory assays are necessary to confirm the diagnosis of FIV infection. Detection of anti-FIV antibodies has a direct correlation with the viral infection, because once a cat has been infected it will remain infected permanently. In the present study, we produced FIV recombinant capsid antigen (p24) and matrix protein (p17). The coding fragments of p24 and p17 were obtained from proviral DNA extracted from peripheral blood of cats naturally infected with FIV (subtype B). These fragments were cloned and expressed in phase with amino or carboxi-terminal histidine tag (6xHis). The antigens FIVp24, FIVp17, p24 fused to transmembrane epitope (FIVp24/TM) and synthetic peptide TM were used for standardization and implementation of rapid indirect ELISA and Western blot assays for detection of anti-FIV antibodies. The reactivity of the antigens was analyzed separately in rapid indirect ELISA and allowed the determination of relative sensitivity and specificity of the antigens. The FIVp24/TM antigen has better performance, with 100% of agreement with SNAP® FIV/FeLV Combo test (IDEXX laboratories). The validation of the FIVp24/TM rapid indirect ELISA showed desirable characteristics for commercial use, such as high precision and maintenance of reactivity during storage. In conclusion, production of FIV recombinant antigens was efficient and allowed the development of a rapid test (rapid indirect ELISA) and a confirmatory test (Western blot) for diagnosis of FIV infection
Sopena, Santisteve Sara. "Estudio de la quasiespecies del virus de la hepatitis delta: análisis de la región del antígeno delta y de la ribozima." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/670867.
Full textEl virus de la hepatitis delta (VHD) es un virus de ARN que requiere del antígeno de superficie del virus de la hepatitis B (HBsAg) para completar su ciclo replicativo. Este virus es el agente etiológico de la hepatitis delta, la forma más grave de hepatitis viral en humanos, que se estima que afecta un total de 15 a 20 millones de personas en todo el mundo. El genoma del VHD es una molécula de ARN de una sola hebra, circular, de alrededor de 1700 nucleótidos y de polaridad negativa. Este genoma codifica tan solo una proteína, el antígeno delta (HDAg), que tiene dos isoformas (la larga y la corta) generadas gracias a una modificación postranscripcional (desaminación) durante la replicación viral, que cambia el codón 196 de stop (TAG) al aminoácido W (TGG). Este proceso también se conoce como edición y está catalizado por la adenosina desaminasa que actúa sobre ARN 1 (ADAR-1). Además el genoma contiene un dominio con actividad enzimática capaz de procesar al propio genoma (autoescisión), esencial para la replicación viral, la ribozima. El objetivo principal de esta tesis ha sido estudiar la quasiespecies del VHD mediante secuenciación masiva (NGS), analizando la conservación o variabilidad de las regiones funcionales del virus, correspondientes al HDAg (cuantificando su edición) y a la ribozima. En el primer estudio se incluyó una muestra de plasma de 4 pacientes con hepatitis crónica delta, para validar la cuantificación de porcentajes de poblaciones de genomas editados y no editados por NGS, comparándola con el método de secuenciación Sanger de los productos de clonación. Además, se estudió la precisión y sensibilidad de la NGS, utilizando mezclas de diferentes proporciones de productos de clonación editados y no editados, y se observaron los patrones de cambios nucleotídicos para analizar si la edición es un fenómeno general que tiene lugar en toda la región codificante del HDAg analizada. Por otro lado, en el segundo estudio se incluyeron 36 muestras de plasma de 12 pacientes con hepatitis crónica delta y se analizó el grado de conservación o variabilidad de la quasiespecies en las regiones analizadas del HDAg y de la ribozima. Además se determinó la existencia de patrones de mutaciones a nivel aminoacídico en el HDAg. Mediante los resultados obtenidos se ha demostrado que la NGS es un método útil para detectar proporciones de genomas del VHD editados y no editados, más sensible y preciso que la secuenciación Sanger de los productos de clonación. También se ha observado que el fenómeno de edición en la región codificante del HDAg podría no ser exclusivo de la posición de edición. Además, los resultados mostraron que la región del HDAg es variable y que los patrones de mutaciones aminoacídicas generalmente podrían estar relacionados con el escape al sistema inmunitario, posiblemente sin afectar significativamente la funcionalidad de las regiones del HDAg donde se encuentran. Por último, se ha observado que la región de la ribozima contiene un elevado nivel de conservación en su secuencia nucleotídica.
Hepatitis delta virus (HDV) is an RNA virus that requires the hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) to complete its replicative cycle. This virus is the etiological agent of delta hepatitis, the most severe form of viral hepatitis in humans, which is estimated to affect a total of 15 to 20 million people worldwide. The HDV genome is around 1700 nucleotides, single-stranded, circular and negative polarity RNA molecule. This genome encodes just one protein, the delta antigen (HDAg), which has two isoforms (the large one and the short one) generated by post-transcriptional modification (deamination) during viral replication. This modification changes the stop codon 196 (TAG) into the W amino acid (TGG). This process is also known as editing and is catalyzed by adenosine deaminase that acts on RNA 1 (ADAR-1). Furthermore, the genome contains a domain with enzymatic activity capable of processing the genome itself (self-cleaving), essential for viral replication: the ribozyme. The main objective of this thesis has been to study the HDV quasispecies by next generation sequencing (NGS), analyzing the conservation or variability of the functional regions of the virus, corresponding to HDAg (quantifying its edition) and the ribozyme. In the first study, a plasma sample from 4 patients with chronic hepatitis delta was included to validate the quantification of percentages of edited and unedited genome populations by NGS and it was compared with the Sanger sequencing method of cloning products. In addition, the accuracy and sensitivity of NGS were studied, using mixtures of different percentages of edited and unedited cloning products, and nucleotide change patterns were also analyzed to confirm whether editing is a general phenomenon taking place along the entire coding region of the analyzed HDAg. On the other hand, 36 plasma samples from 12 patients with chronic hepatitis delta were included in the second study, and the conservation or variability of quasispecies in the analyzed regions of HDAg and ribozyme was analyzed. Furthermore, the existence of amino acid mutation patterns in HDAg was determined. The obtained results showed that NGS is a useful method to detect proportions of edited and unedited HDV genomes, more sensitive and accurate than Sanger sequencing of cloning products. It has also been observed that the editing phenomenon taking place along the entire HDAg coding region analyzed may not be unique to the editing position. Furthermore, the results showed that the HDAg region is variable and that amino acid mutation patterns could generally be related to escape from immune system, possibly without significantly affecting the functionality of the HDAg regions where they are found. Finally, it has been observed that the ribozyme region contains a high level of conservation in its nucleotide sequence.
Resende, Daniela de Melo. "Mapeamento de epítopos imunogênicos presentes no antígeno amastigota específico A2 de Leishmania donovani e sua utilização como vacina empregando vetor viral." Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1843/UCSD-883HCJ.
Full textA leishmaniose é endêmica em muitos países do Velho e do Novo Mundo. O antígeno amastigota específico A2 é um fator de virulência que já foi descrito em várias espécies de Leishmania, entre elas L. donovani, L. chagasi e L. amazonensis. Também já foi mostrado que a A2 é capaz de induzir proteção contra L. amazonensis em camundongos. Neste trabalho, foram definidos os epítopos reconhecidos por anticorpos, assim como os epítopos para células T CD4+ e T CD8+ reconhecidos após a imunização com o antígeno A2. A imunização de camundongos BALB/c, altamente susceptíveis à infecção com Leishmania, com adenovírus expressando a A2 (AdA2), resultou em baixos níveis de anticorpos anti-A2, contrastando com altos níveis de células T CD4+ e T CD8+ produtoras de IFN-. Além disso, células T CD8+ específicas de camundongos imunizados foram capazes de lisar células alvo sensibilizadas com peptídeo em ensaios de citotoxicidade in vivo. Finalmente, foi demonstrado que camundongos imunizados com duas doses de AdA2, em um protocolo prime/boost homólogo, e desafiados com 107 promastigotas de L. chagasi, apresentaram número reduzido de parasitas no baço e no fígado. Assim, a vacinação com AdA2 induziu altos níveis de células T CD4+ e T CD8+ produtoras de IFN- e atividade citotóxica in vivo, sendo associada com imunidade protetora contra a leishmaniose visceral murina
Marinho, Ana Karolina Barreto Berselli. "Avaliação da resposta clínica e humoral dos pacientes portadores de ICV submetidos à vacinação com antígenos protéicos e polissacarídicos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5146/tde-20052013-163006/.
Full textRecent studies have shown satisfactory in vitro results in patients with CVID who received immunization against tetanus, influenza and meningococcus. However, there are only a few studies that evaluate the clinical and laboratory response after exposure to specific antigens in these patients. This study aims to evaluate the clinical response to immunization with protein and polysaccharide antigens (influenza, H1N1 and pneumococcus) in CVID patients followed at the Primary Immunodeficiency outpatient clinic of the Division of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, Hospital das Clínicas, FMUSP. CVID patients were diagnosed according the WHO/PAGID/ ESID criteria. Thirty-seven patients were immunized against influenza (H2N3), H1N1 and pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine while another group with 16 CVID patients were not vaccinated. Clinical evaluation was performed through a score with assessment of the following parameters: pneumonia, sinusitis, otitis media, upper respiratory infections (URI), tonsillitis, diarrhea, bronchiectasis, hospitalizations, use of antibiotic therapy, and use of prophylactic antibiotics, sepsis and meningitis. The score was applied during the 12 months prior to immunization and one year after the administration of vaccines. The same score was applied to the group of CVID patients who weren´t immunized. Determination of IgG antibodies to pneumococcal serotypes was made by ELISA. H1N1-specific IgG was detected by indirect hemagglutination while the determination of influenzaspecific IgG was performed by ELISA, using the RIDASCREEN ® Influenza kit. The group of patients who were vaccinated included 37 patients (51% women), aged 20 to 78 years (mean 33 years). This group presented a median delay in the diagnosis of 7 years. The control group consisted of 16 patients (37.5% females) who were not immunized. Their median age was 41 years and the median delay in the diagnosis was 8 years. URI followed by pneumonia and sinusitis were the most frequent infections in women (80%, 78% and 55% respectively). However in men, URI followed by sinusitis and pneumonia were the most frequent (78%, 65% and 35% respectively). We observed a significant reduction in the score of URI, sinusitis and pneumonias in the year post administration of the vaccines (p <0.001). Conversely, there was no difference in the infections pre and post supposed vaccination scores in the group of CVID patients who were not immunized. There was no significant change in specific antibody titers to influenza and pneumococcus after vaccination. Regarding H1N1, there was no statistically significant production of antibodies to H1N1, although we observed a slight non-durable increase in antibody titers. In conclusion, there was a reduction in the number of infections, mainly sinusitis, URIs and pneumonias in patients with CVID vaccinated against influenza, H1N1 and pneumococcus. While we found no correlation between the reduction in the number of infections and specific antibody titers for the vaccines administered, the clinical improvement observed in CVID patients reinforces the benefit of vaccination
Vidal, Alzamora Karina del Rosário. "Evaluación de dos vacunas comerciales contra al [i.e. la] infección bursal conteniendo el complejo antígeno anticuerpo en pollos de carne." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2006. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/752.
Full text--- The present study evaluated the conferred protection by two imnune complex (Icx) vaccines contained a 2512 strain of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) linked to a virus specific antibodies of vaccination at the one day old by subcutaneous route in broilers chickens. There were four experimental groups. The group A and B were vaccinated at one day old with two comercial Icx vaccines; group C was vaccinate with traditional program of vaccination with intermediate vaccines at 10 and 18 days old age and group D (control) without vaccination. At 35 days old 45 birds of each group were challenged with a standard strain F 52/70 of the IBDV. At 4, 7 and 10 days post challenge 15 birds of each challenge group was euthanazied for parameters evaluation. The protection was measured through clinical signs, bursal index (B.I.), gross and microscopic lesions, serology and productive parameters after challenge. All the groups presented clinical signs, they were severe and mild in control group and group A respectively. The bursal oedema was observe until 10 days post challenge. The values of I.B. in the four groups were compatible with bursal atrophy and the histopathology lesions were severe in the control group. Seroconversion was observed only in groups with Icx vaccines (A y B) until the end of the study. Productive parameters of the vaccinated groups were better in vaccinates group. Although the obtained results indicated that the vaccinated groups were better protected compared with control group there was not observed significant statistical difference between groups (po0.05). Key Words: Infetious bursal disease virus (IBDV), Immune complex (Icx), subcutaneous route, vaccination, protection.
Tesis
Silva, Mauro França da. "Desenvolvimento de um Teste Imunoenzimático (ELISA) para a Detecção do Antígeno do Vírus da Febre Amarela (17DD) Inativado." Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, 2007. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/5819.
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Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil / Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
O vírus atenuado da febre amarela, subcepa 17DD, é utilizado por Bio-Manguinhos para a produção da vacina contra a febre amarela. Esta vacina tem sido utilizada para a imunização humana com um excelente histórico de eficácia e segurança. Entretanto, nos últimos anos, devido à ocorrência de alguns casos de eventos adversos associados ao vírus vacinal cepa 17D e subcepa 17DD, apontou-se a necessidade de desenvolvimento de uma vacina inativada. Para a implementação desta nova vacina torna-se necessário o desenvolvimento de métodos de quantificação de antígenos virais. Diferentes metodologias de quantificação podem ser utilizadas na produção de vacinas inativadas, sendo as mais comuns o teste imunoenzimático (ELISA) e o teste de dose-resposta. O presente estudo teve como objetivo o estabelecimento de um ELISA visando à detecção do antígeno do vírus da febre amarela inativado. Para este propósito, foram obtidos estoques de partículas virais da subcepa 17DD, a partir de culturas de células Vero, os quais foram purificados e quantificados por métodos bioquímicos e virológicos clássicos, respectivamente. Para o desenvolvimento do teste utilizamos diferentes anticorpos como capturana fase sólida. Os resultados obtidos para os testes utilizando o anticorpo 2D12 como captura mostraram um limite de detecção do antígeno no ELISA foi de 2,21 log 10 PFU/0,1mL e (1,55 µg/0,1mL). A partir deste valor, foi estabelecido um controle positivo contendo o vírus 17DD atenuado com título de 3,06 log10 PFU/mL e (29µg/0,1mL). Os resultados mostram, também, que o ELISA foi capaz de detectar o vírus 17DD inativado por formaldeído até a diluição 1:16 (52,9 µg/0,1mL). Baseado nos resultados obtidos acredita-se que o desenvolvimento de um teste de ELISA para detecção e quantificação do antígeno 17DD possa representar umimportante avanço tecnológico no controle da produção de uma vacina inativada contraa febre amarela.
The attenuated 17DD substrain of yellow fever virus is used in Bio-Manguinhos for yellow fever vaccine production. This vaccine has been used for human immunization with an excellent history of efficacy and safety. However, in the latest years, the occurrence of adverse events associated with 17D and 17DD substrain pointed to the necessity of developing technologies for the production of an inactivated vaccine. The implementation of this new vaccine will require methods for antigen quantification. Different methodologies of quantification can be used, being the most commonlyused the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and dose response test.The aim of this study was the establishment of an ELISA for the detection of inactivated yellow fever virus antigen. For this purpose, 17DD virus was obtained from Vero cell cultures, purified and quantified by biochemical and virological classical methods, respectively. The results showed that ELISA test using the 2D12 capture antibody presented a limit of 2,21 log10PFU/0.1mL of viral titer and (1,55 µg viral protein/0.1mL). Based on this value, a positive control was established which contained the attenuated 17DD substrain of yellow fever virus with a titer of 2,95log 10 PFU/mL and (29 µg/0.1mL). The results also showed that the ELISA was able to detect 17DD virus inactivated by formaldehyde up the dilution 1:16 (52,9 µg protein/0,1mL). The development of an ELISA test for the detection and quantification of 17DD antigen can represent an important step in the production control of the inactivated vaccine against of yellow fever.
Araújo, Roberta Chaves. "Papel do antígeno leucocitário humano E (HLA-E) na infecção viral e na gravidade da doença hepática de pacientes com hepatite C crônica." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17138/tde-08012019-155031/.
Full textChronic hepatitis C is an important risk factor for the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The severity of liver disease can be influenced by factors related to the virus, the host and the immune response. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between HLA-E gene polymorphisms, HLA-E molecule expression and HCV liver disease severity. We included 112 patients with chronic hepatitis C and evaluated clinical, biochemical and histological parameters (steatosis, inflammatory activity and liver fibrosis). The variability of the HLA-E gene was assessed by Sanger sequencing and liver HLA-E expression by immunohistochemistry. Two control groups of individuals without hepatopathy from the same geographical region were used to compare the HLA-E expression and the gene variability. Immunohistochemistry for HLA-E showed positivity in hepatocyte and Kupffer cell. HLA-E positivity in hepatocytes and Kupffer cells were found in 56.3% and 43.8% of HCV patients and in 20% and 10% in the controls (P = 0.008 and 0.02), respectively. We found that the percentage of male patients with moderate HLA-E expression in Kupffer cells was higher than in females (22.8% vs. 7.3%, P = 0.03). The liver samples classified as severe fibrosis, necroinflammatory activity and steatosis presented greater expression of HLA-E on Kupffer cells and hepatocytes. There was a positive linear association between HLA-E expression and severity of liver damage (P<0.05). In the multivariate analysis, the variables that significantly influenced the severity of the disease were HLA-E molecule expression in hepatocytes, advanced age and body mass index greater than 25. Fourteen different HLA-E haplotypes were identified, four of them not yet described in the literature. The frequency of the HLA-E * 01: 01: 01: 03 allele was lower in the group of patients than in the control group (P = 0.0001). The HLA-E * 01: 03: 05 allele was associated with increased likelihood (OR = 4.69) of HLA-E expression in the Kupffer cell (P = 0.046). The TT genotype of the +424 T / C polymorphism (rs1059510) was associated with a lower probability (OR = 0.06) of HLA-E expression in the Kupffer cell in relation to the absence of its expression (P = 0.009), was associated with a lower probability (OR=0,22) of moderate/severe necroinflammatory activity in relation to the mild inflammatory activity (P=0,047) and was associated with a lower probability (OR = 0.17) of moderate / severe hepatic fibrosis in relation to mild fibrosis (P = 0.049). The results of the present study suggest that the study for immunogenic factors such as HLA-E liver expression and the identification of certain polymorphisms and alleles of the HLA-E gene may have applicability in the clinical management of patients since it aids in discrimination of those at greatest risk of reaching advanced forms of chronic hepatitis C.
Avaria, Piccardo Daniela Paz. "Producción recombinante del antígeno HE (hemaglutinina-esterasa) del virus de la anemia infecciosa del salmón (ISA) en levaduras de la especie Pichia pastoris." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2010. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/131107.
Full textLa anemia infecciosa del salmón es una enfermedad que afecta principalmente a los salmones del Atlántico (Salmo salar) y es causada por el virus ISA (infectious salmon anemia), el cual pertenece al género Isavirus de la familia Orthomyxoviridae. En Chile fue detectado por primera vez en salmones del Atlántico en el año 2007, causando innumerables pérdidas a la industria salmonera. El virus posee variadas proteínas de superficie, siendo las más estudiadas la neuroaminidasa, y la hemaglutinina-esterasa (HE). El gen que codifica para la proteína HE, posee una “región altamente polimórfica”, la cual le confiere gran variabilidad entre diferentes aislados del virus ISA. En el presente estudio se utilizó el gen HE del genotipo viral aislado con mayor frecuencia en Chile (genotipo EU), el cual fue sintetizado químicamente y optimizado para ser expresados por levaduras. El gen HEopt fue subclonado dentro del vector de expresión pPICZα junto a un péptido señal de secreción extracelular, el cual fue integrado al genoma de la levadura Pichia pastoris por recombinación homóloga. La cepa de la levadura que se obtuvo como resultado, fue sometida a fermentación y la cantidad de proteína HE secretada al medio de cultivo fue medida a través de la técnica de Bradford. Con el fin de corroborar la especificidad de la inmunorreacción de las proteínas recombinantes secretadas se realizaron ensayos Western blot y ELISA, utilizando un anticuerpo específico anti-ISA y sueros de salmones infectados naturalmente con el virus, respectivamente. De estos análisis se concluyó que la proteína recombinante producida y secretada por la cepa de levadura es específica y presenta inmunorreactividad positiva. De lo anterior puede inferirse que la plataforma montada y las proteínas recombinantes producidas en esta memoria serían de gran utilidad para la futura generación de técnicas tanto de diagnóstico como de control del virus de la anemia infecciosa del salmón en Chile
Financiamiento: Proyecto Bicentenario PSD 23 Conicyt y Proyecto de Iniciación en Investigación VID I/07
CASSEB, Livia Medeiros Neves. "Imunopatologia experimental do vírus da raiva, com as variantes antigênicas 2 e 3." Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/9102.
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
A raiva é uma zoonose por ter como hospedeiros, reservatórios e transmissores, mamíferos silvestres ou domésticos, caracterizada por doença aguda, causada pelo vírus da raiva (RABV) que compromete o sistema nervoso central, caracterizando-se por encefalite, com prognóstico fatal em quase todos os casos, em qualquer espécie de mamíferos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever achados patológicos e imunopatologia de diferentes cepas de vírus da raiva nos tecidos do sistema nervoso central (SNC) verificando a resposta imunologica celular e humoral durante infecção experimental de camundongos Mus musculus. Os animais foram inoculados experimentalmente com duas variantes antigênicas do RABV (VAg2 e VAg3), por diferentes vias de infecção, e um grupo controle. Os animais foram observados quanto ao desenvolvimento de sinais clínicos e sintomas, sendo coletados e eutanasiados seguindo uma cinética. Os tecidos foram fixados em formaldeído a 10%, incluídos em blocos de parafina, corados por hematoxilina-eosina para análise histopatológica, e marcados com anticorpos específicos para imunohistoquímica a fim de caracterizar e quantificar in situ a distribuição do antígeno e a resposta inflamatória. Antígenos do RABV foram encontrados no SNC de maneira difusa, mas principalmente nos neurônios. Foi observada supressão dos linfócitos TCD4+, com aumento dos linfócitos TCD8+. Observou-se apoptose importante, com morte de células da glia. Houve aumento de citocinas pro-inflamatórias (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL- 1β e IL-8), anti-inflamatórias (TGF-β e IL-4) e iNOS em ambas as variantes antigênicas do RABV, mas sem observação de um perfil TH17. Esta análise possibilitou caracterizar a raiva como uma meningoencefalite, por acometer os microambientes meningeal, perivascular e intraparenquimatoso. E o processo inflamatório foi verificado mesmo quando na presençaa de corpusculos de Negri, porém com menor intensidade.
The rabies is considered a zoonosis due have as host, reservoirs and transmitters the domestic or wild mammals. It´s characterized in acute disease caused by rabies virus (RABV) that affects the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by encephalitis with fatal prognosis in almost all cases, in any mammalian species. The aim of this study was to describe pathological findings and immunopathology of different strains of rabies virus in the tissues of the central nervous system, checking cellular and humoral immune response during experimental infection of Mus musculus mice. The animals were inoculated with two antigenic variants of RABV (VAg2 and VAg3), by different routes of infection, and a control group. The animals were observed for development of clinical signs and symptoms, collected and euthanized following a kinetic. The tissues were fixed in formaldehyde 10%, embedded in paraffin, stained with hematoxylin-eosin for histopathological analysis and with specific antibodies for immunohistochemical to characterize and quantify in situ distribution of the antigen and the inflammatory response. RABV antigens were found in the CNS in a diffuse way, but mainly in neurons. It was observed suppression of CD4+ lymphocytes, with increase of CD8+ lymphocytes. It was observed significant apoptosis with glial cell death and an increase of proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-6, IL-1β and IL-8), anti-inflammatory (TGF-β and IL-4) and iNOS in both antigenic variants of RABV, but without observation of a TH17 profile. The analyses enable the characterization of rabies as meningoencephalitis, since it affects the meningeal, perivascular and intraparenchymal microenvironments. And the inflammatory process was observed even in the presence of inclusion bodies, but with less intensity.
Santos, Simone Macedo Ribeiro dos. "Avaliação da ação neutralizante e da reatividade de anticorpos anti-rotavírus G3P[2] e G9P[8] em amostras de leite e colostro humanos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/87/87131/tde-30082010-164729/.
Full textThe rotavirus diarrhea is one of the main causes of infant mortality. Studies have shown the presence of IgA in milk and colostrum reactive with human rotavirus. Our aim was to evaluate the presence of IgA anti-G3P[2] in milk and colostrum samples and anti-G9P[8] in milk ones, evaluate the IgA reactivity by ELISA and evaluate the IgA reactivity by immunoblotting. In addition, this work aimed to verify the neutralizing all titles of the samples. All of them had antibodies reactive with G3P[2] and G9P[8] and showed varied neutralization titles. There was a significant correlation between anti-G9P[8] IgA titers and the neutralizing ones, but the same was not observed for serotype G3P[2]. All samples recognized some viral antigenic fraction in immunoblotting test, but it was not possible establish a correlation between high antibodies levels and some specific antigenic fraction. This approach may be important for studies concerning vaccination strategies.
Morale, Mirian Galliote. "Desenvolvimento de vacina terapêutica contra HPV16." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/46/46131/tde-26042010-160643/.
Full textCervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide. Most cases (83%) occur in developing countries, where they are found in relatively advanced stages and, consequently, the median survival is about 49% after five years. Therefore, an effective vaccine against HPV infections can lead to control of cancer of the cervix. Although preventable, the prophylactic HPV vaccine is not accessible to all due to their high cost and in addition the vaccine does not eliminate the HPV in infected women. We have therefore proposed the development of effective therapeutic vaccines using two approaches: chimeric VLPs (virus-like particles), endowed with prophylactic and therapeutic properties, obtained from the fusion protein L1 and E7; chimeric proteins derived from the fusion of epitopes of proteins E6 and E7 of HPV16 with and without ubiquitin. After subcloning, we obtained the vectors pPICHOLI-L1ΔCE71-50 and L1 pPICHOLI- L1ΔCE743-77. After transformation of yeast Pichia pastoris with these constructions, the cells were induced, but it was not possible to detect any recombinant protein expression. As an alternative, we proposed the expression of synthetic proteins in E. coli derived from the fusion between epitopes of E6 and E7 proteins of HPV16 with or without Ubiquitin, in order to enhance the presentation of peptides through MHC class I to stimulate the elimination of HPV16-infected cells, preventing and regressing the development of cancer cells. Soluble E6E7 protein was purified and, 20% of the animals immunized with this protein did not develop tumor after inoculation of TC1 cells. In a second immunization experiment we compared the proteins E6E7 and E6E7Ub, in two concentrations, 15 and 40µg, with or without the adjuvant whole cell pertussis (WCP). Regardless of concentration and presence or absence of WCP, all the groups immunized with E6E7Ub showed protection against tumor between 80% and 100%, while the groups immunized with E6E7 showed protection from 0% to 25%. These results are promising and although preliminary, indicate the potential of E6E7Ub protein as an immunogen, for a therapeutic vaccine against cervical cancer induced by HPV16
Silva, Laís Teodoro da. "Caracterização das células dendríticas utilizadas em um ensaio clínico de fase I/II de vacina terapêutica anti-HIV." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5133/tde-19062017-103945/.
Full textINTRODUCTION: Immunotherapy based on monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs) is a promising strategy for the treatment of HIV-infected individuals. Due their plasticity, using different combinations of cytokines cocktail in vitro it is possible to obtain a heterogeneous MDDCs population. Consequently the capacity of these cells to secrete cytokines and express molecules that participate in antigen presentation varies (MHC, adhesion and costimulatory molecules) and can interfere in the profile and efficacy of the immune response induced by this therapy. A clinical trial was conducted in our laboratory to evaluate a immunotherapy based on dendritic cells sensitized with autologous inactivated HIV for the treatment of antiretroviral naive chronically HIV-infected individuals. Therefore, it was a good opportunity to study deeply the virus production and expansion in vitro and to characterize MDDCs used as a vaccine. OBJECTIVE. To characterize MDDCs in context of their phenotype and function as well as investigating viral production and expansion in autologous and allogenic systems. METHODS: 17 patients underwent apheresis before vaccination and their peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were used for autologous virus production and expansion of the virus was carried out in both autologous and allogenic systems. Monocytes were differentiated into immature MDDCs that were pulsed/or not with autologous chemically (aldrithiol-2) inactivated HIV particles (HIV-AT-2). These pulsed (HIV-AT-2 MDDCs) and non-pulsed (mature MDDCs) cells were then activated by proinflammatory cytokines. Phenotypic (cell surface marker) and functional analysis (phagocytosis, transmigration and cytokines production) of MDDCs and their priming and stimulation of lymphocyte (proliferation, polyfunctionality and cytotoxicity) was performed using flow cytometry. RESULTS. Viral yield was higher when expanded in allogenic compared to autologous system. After stimulation with proinflammatory cytokines, both HIV-AT-2 MDDCs and mature MDDCs presented increased costimulation expression, activation and migratory molecules compared to immature MDDCs. Regarding to functional characterization, we observed that MDDCs were able to phagocytize FITC-Dextran and exhibitted a low migratory potential and low production of Th1 polarizing response cytokines. Moreover we observed reduced cytotoxic activity induced by HIV-AT-2 MDDCs and mature MDDCs. On the other hand we also observed that HIV-AT-2 MDDCs were capable of inducing proliferation and polyfunctionality of autologous CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocytes compared to mature MDDCs. CONCLUSION. Allogenic system was found to be more efficient in increased viral yield in relation to autologous system. Besides, virus expanded in allogenic system showed a more immunogenic profile. Vaccine product (HIV-AT-2 MDDCs) was able to induce antigen specific polyfunctional response