Academic literature on the topic 'Antileukotriene drug'

Introduction. Allergic rhinitis (AR) is immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated disease. Which, after exposure to allergens, manifests itself with various symptoms such as sneezing, runny nose, nasal itching, and nasal congestion, which seriously affects the quality of life of patients. In some patients, AR poses a risk of developing serious mental disorders. Currently, various medicines are used for treatment. Objective. Consideration of the effectiveness of AR therapy with antileukotriene drugs, depending on the mental state of the patient. Materials and methods. The study involved 200 people diagnosed with AR. The patients were divided into 2 groups: group 1 (100 people) with basic therapy with intranasal glucocorticosteroids (inGCS – mometasone furoate) and group 2 (100 people) – inhalers in combination with an antileukotriene drug (montelukast). All were screened for the presence of a depressive disorder. The tactics of case management and prescription of drugs were defined by the level of depression. Patients with AR have mental health problems that correlate with AR symptoms. Results. Patients of the 1st group, who did not achieve complete relief of AR symptoms, when assessing their mental state using the PHQ-2 and PHQ-9 questionnaires, showed a mild depression (23 people). The symptoms of AR were stopped, when an anti-leukotriene drug was added to the therapy. Conclusions. With the ineffectiveness of the basic therapy of inGCS and a negative assessment of the patient’s mental state, the use of an antileukotriene drug is justified to improve the level of depressive mood and complete relief of symptoms of AR.

The main high-risk group for a diagnosis of bronchial asthma (BA) are children with recurrent obstructive bronchitis, complicated by a widespread form of acute respiratory viral infections. Basic therapy of BA is aimed at suppressing inflammation of the bronchial wall. In addition to inhaled glucocorticosteroids, the antileukotriene drug montelukast has a proven anti-inflammatory effect. This article discusses published work on the effect of montelukast on inflammation biomarkers in real clinical practice and remodeling of the bronchial wall in the experiment. A comparative study of the clinical efficacy of an antileukotriene drug and inhaled glucocorticosteroids in patients of different age groups and asthma phenotypes is presented. The use of montelukast in children at high risk of developing BA, with an indication for allergic rhinitis, is discussed. Presented current information on the risk of psychiatric AE against the background of using an antileukotriene drug. Literature review is illustrated by our own observation: a cohort of 127 patients was formed on the basis of the dispensary group of the City Allergy Cabinet of the Children’s City Polyclinic No. 44 in St. Petersburg in 2018, a prospective observation was conducted, which lasted 2 years. The inclusion criteria were age of 5 years to 5 years 11 months (5 ± 0.5 years) and an established diagnosis of mild BA. The patients were followed up for 2 years with evaluation of the change of basic therapy, control of the disease and functional indices achieved with therapy with the original drug montelukast. This observation showed high clinical efficacy of montelukast monotherapy in the group of preschool-age patients, which was expressed by a significant proportion of patients who had no exacerbations of BA for a year, a high score on the Asthma Control Test, statistically insignificant increase in forсed expiratory volume in 1 second after bronchodilator. Today Montelukast is a safe, effective and widely prescribed component of therapeutic regimen in patients with varying degrees of severity of bronchial asthma over the age of 2 years.

In many countries of the world and in Russia, in particular, the pharmacological use of antagonists of cysteinyl receptors LT1 (CysLTR) is a long-proven and well-proven pharmacotherapy of bronchial asthma (BA) and allergic rhinitis (AR) in adults and children.
 Among antileukotriene drugs the most commonly used medication for the treatment of these diseases is the original montelukast, which is considered a safe drug associated with the appearance of only a few adverse reactions, usually not differing in type and frequency from those that occur with placebo. Currently, there are a large number of generics of montelukast, therefore, practitioners have many questions regarding the benefits and risks of montelukast therapy for patients with BA and AR.
 In 2020 FDA (Food and Drug Administration USA) analyzed the risk of adverse events during Montelukast treatment and indicated them on the packaging of the drug (original montelukast and its generics). This contributed to the creation of an expert commission to study this issue and form an expert opinion, which is demonstrated in our publication.

Introduction. One of the antileukotriene drugs for the treatment of bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis with and without polyposis is montelukast. The presented article presents the results of the analysis of the effectiveness, safety and impact on the quality of life of patients, the use of the singular, in various forms of allergic rhinitis and associated comorbid conditions.Aim of the study. To assess the impact on the quality of life of patients, the effectiveness and safety of the use of montelukast in the complex therapy of patients with allergic rhinitis and comorbid diseases.Materials and methods. A simple, blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial involved 97 patients divided into 4 groups: patients with moderate allergic rhinitis; allergic rhinitis of moderate severity and bronchial asthma; severe allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma; severe allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma and polypous rhinosinusitis. In parallel with the comparison of drug tolerability, safety and clinical symptoms (rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, itching, sneezing, bronchopulmonary manifestations), the quality of life was assessed using a special SNOT-22 questionnaire.Results. The use of the antileukotriene drug montelukast in the complex therapy of allergic rhinitis and related comorbid conditions significantly improved the clinical symptoms and quality of life of patients over the entire period of treatment in all groups. There was an increase in the suppression of leukotriene-mediated effects when using montelukast, more in the group of people with allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma, such as symptoms of the allergic triad, mucus hypersecretion, bronchospasm, eosinophilia, increased vascular permeability, etc.Conclusion. In the treatment of patients with allergic rhinitis and morbid conditions, Singular has demonstrated an inhibitory effect on cysteinyl leukotrienes, high bioavailability, good tolerability and safety.