Journal articles: 'Antillean'

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Schields, Chelsea. "Insurgent Intimacies." Radical History Review 2020, no. 136 (January 1, 2020): 98–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01636545-7857283.

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Abstract This article examines the intertwined arguments for sexual revolution and decolonization in the Dutch Atlantic in the 1960s and 1970s. In this period, Antillean activists in the Netherlands and the Netherlands Antilles celebrated aspects of the Cuban Revolution and the US Black Power movement for their purported ability to regenerate romantic love. Activists contended that socialism and antiracist activism could forge new bonds of erotic equality to explode the ongoing effects of colonialism, slavery, and the regimes of sexual violence that maintained both. Considering the centrality of sexual politics to Antillean radical imaginaries, this article argues that Antilleans viewed sexual liberation as a primary rather than ancillary component of self-determination. Illuminating the Atlantic currents that informed Antillean arguments for insurgent forms of intimacy—from revolutionary Cuba to black struggle in the United States—this article reconceives of both the substance and geography of the sexual revolution.

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Donovan, Stephen K., and Corneos J. Veltkamp. "The Antillean Tertiary crinoid fauna." Journal of Paleontology 75, no. 3 (May 2001): 721–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000039755.

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Fossil crinoids are described from the Lesser Antilles for the first time. Crinoids are now known to occur in the Miocene of Carriacou, the Grenadines (four species), and in the Eocene and Miocene of Barbados (three species). Taxa include: isocrinid sp. indet., hyocrinid sp. indet. (both Eocene); the isocrinids Neocrinus decorus (Wyville Thomson, 1864) and Isocrinus sp., the bourgueticrinid Democrinus? sp., and the comatulid Horaeometra sp. (all Miocene). Despite the preponderance of taxa in open nomenclature, these are among the very few records of fossil crinoids from the Antillean region. Faunas are dominated by the columnals of isocrinids; bourgueticrinid and millericrinid columnals, and comatulid centrodorsals, are very rare, despite comatulids being both the most diverse crinoids in the modern fauna and the only group that occurs in shallow-water environments. Post-Eocene crinoid faunas in the Antillean region include taxa that are similar, at least at the generic level, to those of the present day. Democrinus? sp. from Carriacou is the first pre-Quaternary bourgueticrinid from the Antilles. Horaeometra sp. is the first fossil comatulid from the Antilles to be classified to generic level.The extant crinoid fauna of the tropical western Atlantic includes 23 genera/34 species of “stalkless” comatulid crinoids and eight genera/ten species of stalked crinoids. This is far greater than the known diversity of fossil crinoids from the Antillean region, which spans circa 120 Ma. The apparent rarity of fossil crinoids is probably part artefact, produced by collection bias, taphonomic effects, and the relative rarity of exposures of sedimentary units deposited in 150+ m, i.e., the environment of extant stalked crinoids.

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Miguel, Yolanda Martínez-San, and Katerina Gonzalez Seligmann. "Con-Federating the Archipelago: Introduction." Small Axe: A Caribbean Journal of Criticism 24, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07990537-8190541.

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This essay introduces the special section “Con-Federating the Archipelago: The Confederación Antillana and the West Indies Federation,” which interrogates the literary, intellectual, social, and political imaginaries fomented by the Confederación Antillana (Antillean Confederation) and the West Indies Federation, with the aim of promoting comparative studies and dialogue among scholars working on these two political projects. The Confederación Antillana was conceived to bring together three Spanish Antilles in dialogue with Haiti and Jamaica from the 1860s to 1898; the West Indies Federation became a governing body in the British Caribbean territories from 1958–62. These “con-federated” forms reverberate together in the idea of trans-Caribbean unity as a utopian reference for anti-imperial sovereignty and the decolonial achievement of racial equality. The guest editors provide a historical trajectory of both confederation projects in order to identify points of convergence and divergence between these two collective political projects to guide future comparative studies.

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Waldron, Lawrence. "COMMENT ON BOOK REVIEW." Latin American Antiquity 29, no. 3 (August 31, 2018): 640. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/laq.2018.45.

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In reading the recent LAQ review of my 2016 work, Handbook of Ceramic Animal Symbols in the Ancient Lesser Antilles (Roosevelt, review of Waldron, Latin American Antiquity 29:413–414), I was reminded how neglectful my own profession of precolumbian art history has been of ancient Antillean studies. Recognizing this important lacuna in the research, the University Press of Florida approached me with the possibility of writing two books on precolumbian Caribbean art. As pioneering works in this area, these books will be read by scholars mostly outside this area. They are bound to run afoul of readers who might think zoic (for formless animal spirits) is merely an overwrought version of zoomorphic (for physical representations of them), realistic means the same as mimetic or naturalistic, and trigonal ought to carry a meaning derived from geology rather than biology (e.g., trigonal clam shells) or the standard dictionary definition (i.e., “triangular in cross section”). Just two complaints in the LAQ review about my term usage could improve the book. Several times I used the word endemic instead of native inappropriately, and the word rectilinear should have been used more often than the vaguer geometric. The rest is quibbling. For example, my use of the term Amazonid (used similarly by preeminent Caribbean archaeologist Irving Rouse) to describe the culture of both Antilleans and Amazonians, is consistent with my insistence throughout the book that Antillean cultures, while partially derived from Amazonian ones, are not themselves Amazonian.

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Gunaratne, Anjuli I. "The Tracées of René Ménil." CLR James Journal 26, no. 1 (2020): 87–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/clrjames20212376.

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The figure of the tracée is significant for Ménil’s understanding of spatio-temporality, an understanding upon which rest, so this essay argues, his concepts of critique, poetic knowledge, and literary form. The argument takes as its starting point the work Ménil did to conceptualize history as the poesis of recuperation. In doing so, the essay argues for a renewed understanding of Ménil’s contribution to Caribbean philosophy as a whole. One of the most important components of this contribution, the essay claims, is the manner in which Ménil shifts the focus from how linguistic and cultural identity forms in the Antilles to how history appears. What this means is that Ménil works to displace the centrality of folklore and orality to the construction of Antillean identity in order to imagine how Antillean culture comes also to be expressed non-discursively. In Ménil’s work, this displacement occurs primarily by his re-thinking the relationship of architecture to literature. Re-thinking this relationship entails for Ménil recuperating the traces of an Antillean “past passed over,” which unexpectedly appear in both architectural structures and literary works. Paying attention to this particular and peculiar intellectual focus in Ménil’s work, this essay ultimately reconsiders the roles played by both discursive and non-discursive arts in the constitution of a decolonized aesthetics in the Antilles.

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Hunt, Jeffrey S., Eldredge Bermingham, and Robert E. Ricklefs. "Molecular Systematics and Biogeography of Antillean Thrashers, Tremblers, and Mockingbirds (Aves: Mimidae)." Auk 118, no. 1 (January 1, 2001): 35–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/auk/118.1.35.

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Abstract We constructed phylogenetic hypotheses for Greater and Lesser Antillean Mimidae, including five endemic species of tremblers and thrashers that represent the best plausible example of an avian radiation within the Lesser Antilles. Phylogenetic relationships were inferred from analysis of 3,491 base pairs (bp) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and roughly 780 bp of the nuclear-encoded myoglobin gene. We used a subset of mtDNA gene sequences and pcrRFLP analysis to evaluate the phylogeographic relationships among individuals representing island populations of the Brown and Gray tremblers (Cinclocerthia ruficauda and C. gutturalis), Pearly-eyed Thrasher (Margarops fuscatus), Scaly-breasted Thrasher (Margarops fuscus), and Antillean and continental populations of the Tropical (Mimus gilvus) and Northern mockingbirds (Mimus polyglottos). Phylogeographic analysis distinguished three strongly differentiated mtDNA clades among tremblers, as well as distinct southern (St. Lucia and Martinique) and northern (Dominica to Montserrat) mtDNA lineages of the Scaly-breasted Thrasher. Minor geographic subdivision was also observed between continental and Antillean populations of the Tropical Mockingbird. Phylogenetic analyses of species-level Mimidae relationships that are based on mtDNA and nuclear sequences provide strong support for the monophyly and Antillean origin of a clade that consists of the tremblers, Pearly-eyed Thrasher, and Scaly-breasted Thrasher, but reject the monophyly of the genus Margarops. Phylogenetic analysis cannot confirm the monophyly of all endemic Antillean mimids because of the apparently contemporaneous diversification of the Antillean White-breasted Thrasher (Ramphocinclus brachyurus) with the continental Gray Catbird (Dumetella carolinensis) and Black Catbird (Melanoptila glabrirostris). However, an insertion and a deletion in the myoglobin intron 2 sequence support grouping the West Indian thrashers and tremblers, from which we infer that the endemic Lesser Antillean mimids are an indigenous radiation. Assuming a constant mtDNA clock for the Mimidae, the splitting of the Northern and Tropical mockingbird lineages is roughly contemporaneous with the separation of the three trembler clades, as well as the two Scaly-breasted Thrasher clades. Application of a mitochondrial DNA clock ticking at 2% sequence divergence per million years (Ma), suggests that the history of the endemic thrasher and trembler lineage in the West Indies extends back about 4 Ma, and the three distinct clades of tremblers split about 2 Ma ago.

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Ramos, Liliam, and Jessica De Souza Pozzi. "Práticas do desassossego: um estudo de caso sobre a literatura antilhana de língua francesa pelo viés decolonial / Practices of Disquiet: A Case Study on Antillean Literature in French According to Decolonial Criticism." Caligrama: Revista de Estudos Românicos 25, no. 3 (December 18, 2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/2238-3824.25.3.17-35.

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Resumo: Este artigo busca apresentar uma contribuição aos debates de culturas de língua francesa através de um estudo de caso sobre literatura antilhana por um viés decolonial (Walsh, 2013). Serão apresentados como exemplos decoloniais os estudos sobre a tradição dos contos crioulos, registrados e traduzidos para o francês por Ina Césaire e Joëlle Laurent em três obras bilíngues publicadas pela Éditions Caribéennes (Contes de Mort et de Vie aux Antilles, 1976; Contes de Soleil et de Pluie aux Antilles, 1988; Contes de Nuits et de Jours aux Antilles, 1989), e seus reflexos na literatura das Antilhas e da Guiana Francesa. A proposta decolonial também será aplicada à obra Solibo Magnifique, de Patrick Chamoiseau (1991). Para tanto, utiliza-se o conceito de literaturas do desassossego de Gauvin (2016) a fim de opor-se aos conceitos de francofonia e de Littérature-monde – apresentados por Alves (2012) – para designar as literaturas de língua francesa nas Américas, buscando incluí-las nas produções latino-americanas. Percebe-se, assim, grande influência das tradições orais nas produções contemporâneas de escritores antilhanos, além da importância de levar este fato em conta em uma análise que se proponha decolonial dentro da universidade, como discorre Restrepo (2018).Palavras-chave: pensamento decolonial; literatura antilhana de língua francesa; literaturas do desassossego; Ina Césaire; Patrick Chamoiseau.Abstract: This article aims to contribute to the debates on French-speaking cultures through a case study on Antillean Literature according to Decolonial Criticism (WALSH, 2013). The studies about the tradition of creole tales, recorded and translated to French by Ina Césaire and Joëlle Laurant in three bilingual volumes published by Éditions Caribéennes (Contes de Mort et de Vie aux Antilles, 1976; Contes de Soleil et de Pluie aux Antilles, 1988; Contes de Nuits et de Jours aux Antilles, 1989) and its reflections on Antillean and French Guianese Literature will be presented here as decolonial examples. This decolonial approach will also be applied to the work of Solibo Magnifique by Patrick Chamoiseau (1991). In order to do so, the concept of Literatures of Disquiet has been used to oppose the concepts of Francophonie and Littérature-monde – as presented by Alves (2012) – to designate the literature in French language in America aiming to include them in Latin American productions. The influence of oral traditions in contemporary productions by Antillean writers is quite evident, as well how it is important to take this fact into account when proposing a Decolonial analysis inside the academy, as pointed out by Restrepo (2018).Keywords: decolonial thinking; Antillean literature in French; literatures of disquiet; Ina Césaire; Patrick Chamoiseau.

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Doty, Mark. "Antillean Euphonia." Ecotone 1, no. 1 (2005): 43–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/ect.2005.0020.

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Kaiser, Hinrich, David M. Green, and Michael Schmid. "Systematics and biogeography of Eastern Caribbean frogs (Leptodactylidae: Eleutherodactylus), with the description of a new species from Dominica." Canadian Journal of Zoology 72, no. 12 (December 1, 1994): 2217–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z94-297.

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Populations of Eleutherodactylus on the island of Dominica, West Indies, differ from other Lesser Antillean members of the genus by their vocalizations, morphology, sexual size dimorphism, allozymes, and chromosomes. Thus, these populations comprise a new endemic species, closely related to E. johnstonei and E. martinicensis. The new species is most abundant in montane forest habitats at elevations of more than 500 m. Females commonly attain snout–vent lengths of more than 35 mm, making them the largest Lesser Antillean Eleutherodactylus. Frogs are brown during the day, but change color to dark orange when active at night. This species is the ninth Eastern Caribbean Eleutherodactylus species and the fifth single-island endemic. A phylogenetic analysis of external and internal morphological characteristics shows that Eastern Caribbean Eleutherodactylus are members of two distinct clades, one of South American origin, the other of Greater Antillean ancestry. We suggest that the present distribution of these species results from the dispersal of elements of the larger herpetofaunas from the Greater Antilles and South America, and that rapid divergence of the Eastern Caribbean Eleutherodactylus fauna may be continuing. The phylogenetic analysis also confirms that morphological characters of Eleutherodactylus species can be highly homoplastic.

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Gandais, V. "Clay mineral sources of the Grenada Basin, Southeastern Caribbean." Clay Minerals 22, no. 4 (December 1987): 395–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.1987.022.4.03.

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AbstractThis study of the Quaternary clay sedimentation in the Grenada Basin (Southeastern Caribbean) is based on six cores raised from depths of 1800 to 3000 m. Mineralogical analysis of <2 µm and <0·3 µm fractions revealed the presence of a four-component association — smectites, illite, kaolinite and chlorite — in which smectites were always dominant. These minerals were derived from two sources: the Lesser Antilles Arc, which contributed only smectites and kaolinite, and the South American continent, where smectites, kaolinite, chlorite and illite coexist. Geochemical data indicate that Ba and Cr are specific indicators of the South American minerals, whereas Cu characterizes the Antillean clays. The South American contribution, now prevailing, was less important during the Sangamon. The Antillean contribution was episodically predominant during the Wisconsin.

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Goldman, Josephine. "Embodied Antillean women." Francosphères 9, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 131–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/franc.2020.13.

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This article explores the intersection of gender and cultural identities in two novels, Simone Schwarz-Bart’s Pluie et vent sur Télumée Miracle (1972) and Suzanne Dracius’s L’Autre qui danse (1989). Through comparative and close analyses, this article demonstrates that these two Antillean francophone women writers reject and renegotiate sexist and essentialist tendencies, in particular the auto-exoticization and disembodiment of women characters across the body of Antillean literature. These tendencies are notably present within Antillanité and Créolité, two dominant concepts of twentieth-century Antillean literature and thought. This article first explores these two writers’ responses to auto-exoticization, demonstrating how their literary treatment of women’s sexuality diverges markedly from hypersexualized portrayals of women by certain Créoliste authors. The article also examines the representation of Creole cuisine and language, and calls into question Antillean literature scholar Celia Britton’s argument that these two elements tend to reduce Antillean texts to ‘edible’ objects of exotic pleasure. In its second section, this article investigates Édouard Glissant’s concept of opacité. It suggests that Schwarz-Bart and Dracius adapt Glissant’s opacité to present women as impervious human subjects whose bodies do not make them exotic stereotypes but rather figures of resistance to masculine violence and colonialism.

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López-Santiago, Angel. "The Antillean League." Transforming Anthropology 26, no. 2 (September 24, 2018): 181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/traa.12131.

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Svenson, Gavin J., and Henrique M. Rodrigues. "A Cretaceous-aged Palaeotropical dispersal established an endemic lineage of Caribbean praying mantises." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 284, no. 1863 (September 27, 2017): 20171280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.1280.

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Recent phylogenetic advances have uncovered remarkable biogeographic histories that have challenged traditional concepts of dispersal, vicariance and diversification in the Greater Antilles. Much of this focus has centred on vertebrate lineages despite the high diversity and endemism of terrestrial arthropods, which account for 2.5 times the generic endemism of all Antillean plants and non-marine vertebrates combined. In this study, we focus on three Antillean endemic praying mantis genera, Callimantis , Epaphrodita and Gonatista , to determine their phylogenetic placement and geographical origins. Each genus is enigmatic in their relation to other praying mantises due to their morphological affinities with both Neotropical and Old World groups. We recovered the three genera as a monophyletic lineage among Old World groups, which was supported by molecular and morphological evidence. With a divergence at approximately 107 Ma, the lineage originated during the break-up of Gondwana. Ancestral range reconstruction indicates the lineage dispersed from an African + Indomalayan range to the Greater Antilles, with a subsequent extinction in the Old World. The profound ecomorphic convergence with non-Caribbean groups obscured recognition of natural relationships within the same geographical distribution. To the best of our knowledge, the lineage is one of the oldest endemic animal groups in the Greater Antilles and their morphological diversity and restricted distribution mark them as a critical taxon to conserve.

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Britton, Celia. "“Double Consciousness,” Cultural Identity and Literary Style in the Work of René Ménil." CLR James Journal 26, no. 1 (2020): 119–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/clrjames202111969.

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The notion of double consciousness, as a characterization of black subjectivity, is basic to Ménil’s critique of the alienated “mythologies” of Antillean life and its self-exoticizing literature. Double consciousness renders cultural identity deeply problematic. But it has other, more positive, manifestations, closer to a Bakhtinian idea of dialogism. Thus he praises Césaire’s use of irony as a dual voice. Ménil’s valorization of complexity and ambiguity in literature, against the simple naturalism favoured by the Communist Party but which he insists is not a truly Marxist position, is thus linked to his view of the necessary “doubleness” of Antillean consciousness. Conversely, the simplicity of folklore can offer a basis for cultural identity, but not for good literature. Although Ménil emphasizes the importance of Antilleans reclaiming their history, this is less about discovering one’s roots than providing a dynamic grasp of one’s ever-changing place in a social reality governed by the Marxist dialectic. “Double consciousness” precludes the comforts of fixed identities, but it is a dialectical, not a tragic condition.

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Dalsgaard, Bo, Jonathan D. Kennedy, Benno I. Simmons, Andrea C. Baquero, Ana M. Martín González, Allan Timmermann, Pietro K. Maruyama, et al. "Trait evolution, resource specialization and vulnerability to plant extinctions among Antillean hummingbirds." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 285, no. 1875 (March 21, 2018): 20172754. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2017.2754.

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Species traits are thought to predict feeding specialization and the vulnerability of a species to extinctions of interaction partners, but the context in which a species evolved and currently inhabits may also matter. Notably, the predictive power of traits may require that traits evolved to fit interaction partners. Furthermore, local abiotic and biotic conditions may be important. On islands, for instance, specialized and vulnerable species are predicted to be found mainly in mountains, whereas species in lowlands should be generalized and less vulnerable. We evaluated these predictions for hummingbirds and their nectar-food plants on Antillean islands. Our results suggest that the rates of hummingbird trait divergence were higher among ancestral mainland forms before the colonization of the Antilles. In correspondence with the limited trait evolution that occurred within the Antilles, local abiotic and biotic conditions—not species traits—correlate with hummingbird resource specialization and the vulnerability of hummingbirds to extinctions of their floral resources. Specifically, hummingbirds were more specialized and vulnerable in conditions with high topographical complexity, high rainfall, low temperatures and high floral resource richness, which characterize the Antillean Mountains. These findings show that resource specialization and species vulnerability to extinctions of interaction partners are highly context-dependent.

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MEIJERING, LOUISE, and DEBBIE LAGER. "Home-making of older Antillean migrants in the Netherlands." Ageing and Society 34, no. 5 (December 21, 2012): 859–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x12001377.

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ABSTRACTA group of 141,345 immigrants from the Netherlands Antilles, a former colony, live in the Netherlands. An increasing number of these migrants are at or above retirement age, and for them, the question of where they want to grow old becomes relevant. It is important for people to age in a place where they feel at home, as attachment to place increases wellbeing in old age. In this article we discuss how older Antillean migrants in the Netherlands make their house and immediate living environment into a home. We focus on home-making practices in a broader cultural context, and in relation to wellbeing. These topics are addressed by drawing on qualitative life-history interviews with Antillean older people, who live in a co-housing community for older adults. It turns out that objects which remind the participants of their home country play an important role in making a home. Also, the community, with people from similar backgrounds, contributes to a sense of home. Finally, the presence of children and other family members is a key motivation for the participants' decision to age in the Netherlands.

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Phaf, Ineke. "Studies on French Antillean literature in Germany." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 72, no. 1-2 (January 1, 1998): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002601.

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[First paragraph]Kolonisierung und Krankheit: Der Begriff "alienation" in Texten aus den franzosischen Kleinen Antillen. HELMTRUD RUMPF. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 1993. 263 pp. (Paper US$ 46.95)Interkulturalitdt in der frankophonen Literatur der Karibik: Der europdisch-afrikanisch-amerikanische Intertext im Romanwerk von Maryse Conde. UTE FENDLER. Frankfurt am Main: IKO, Verlag flir Interkulturelle Kommunikation, 1994. vi+ 444 pp. (Paper DM 54.00)Der Roman der franzosischen Antillen zwischen 1932 und heute: Eine Literatur aufdem Weg zur Autonomie. DANIELLE DUMONTET. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 1995. 336 pp. (Paper US$ 52.95)Riickbesinnung-Selbsterfahrung-Inbesitznahme: Antillanische Identitat im Spannungsfeld von Nigritude, Antillanite und Creolite. MARION PAUSCH. Frankfurt am Main: IKO, Verlag fur Interkulturelle Kommunikation, 1996. 297 pp. (Paper DM 39.80)Research on Caribbean literatures in Europe is by no means limited to former mother countries such as France, England, the Netherlands, and Spain. There is quite a lot of interest at the academic level in Germanspeaking universities in Austria, Switzerland and, especially, Germany. The four studies under review here, published over the last five years, testify to the rapidly increasing interest in novels of the French Antilles. All were formerly presented as Ph.D. dissertations - completed at universities in Berlin, Bayreuth, Mainz, and Frankfurt/M respectively.

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VERWEIJ, S. P., K. D. QUINT, C. J. BAX, A. P. VAN LEEUWEN, J. A. E. M. MUTSAERS, C. L. JANSEN, P. M. OOSTVOGEL, S. OUBURG, S. A. MORRÉ, and R. P. H. PETERS. "Serogroup distribution of urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis in urban ethnic groups in The Netherlands." Epidemiology and Infection 142, no. 2 (April 24, 2013): 409–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095026881300071x.

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SUMMARYThe prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis varies between ethnic groups in The Netherlands. It is, however, unknown whether this is associated with specific serogroups. The objective of this study was to determine whether serogroup distribution is associated with ethnic origin in the region of The Hague, The Netherlands. Serogroups of 370 microbiologically confirmed C. trachomatis-positive samples were analysed. The samples were obtained from 247 women and 123 men between January and October 2008, of self-reported Dutch Caucasian, Dutch Antillean, Surinamese, N. African/Turkish or other descent. We observed a difference in serogroup distribution comparing Dutch Caucasian women to Dutch Antillean women (χ2 for distribution P = 0·035). Serogroup C was more common in Dutch Antillean women, whereas serogroup B was less common (P = 0·03). This difference was not observed for Dutch Antillean men. The observed difference in distribution of C. trachomatis serogroups between ethnic groups is relevant for further transmission studies.

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Milián-García, Yoamel, Michael A. Russello, Jessica Castellanos-Labarcena, Martin Cichon, Vikas Kumar, Georgina Espinosa, Natalia Rossi, et al. "Genetic evidence supports a distinct lineage of American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus) in the Greater Antilles." PeerJ 6 (November 12, 2018): e5836. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5836.

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Four species of true crocodile (genusCrocodylus) have been described from the Americas. Three of these crocodile species exhibit non-overlapping distributions—Crocodylus intermediusin South America,C. moreletiialong the Caribbean coast of Mesoamerica, andC. rhombiferconfined to Cuba. The fourth,C. acutus, is narrowly sympatric with each of the other three species. In this study, we sampled 113 crocodiles acrossCrocodyluspopulations in Cuba, as well as exemplar populations in Belize and Florida (USA), and sequenced three regions of the mitochondrial genome (D-loop, cytochrome b, cytochrome oxidase I; 3,626 base pair long dataset) that overlapped with published data previously collected from Colombia, Jamaica, and the Cayman Islands. Phylogenetic analyses of these data revealed two, paraphyletic lineages ofC. acutus. One lineage, found in the continental Americas, is the sister taxon toC. intermedius, while the Greater Antillean lineage is most closely related toC. rhombifer. In addition to the paraphyly of the twoC. acutuslineages, we recovered a 5.4% estimate of Tamura-Nei genetic divergence between the Antillean and continental clades. The reconstructed paraphyly, distinct phylogenetic affinities and high genetic divergence between Antillean and continentalC. acutuspopulations are consistent with interspecific differentiation within the genus and suggest that the current taxon recognized asC. acutusis more likely a complex of cryptic species warranting a reassessment of current taxonomy. Moreover, the inclusion, for the first time, of samples from the western population of the American crocodile in Cuba revealed evidence for continental mtDNA haplotypes in the Antilles, suggesting this area may constitute a transition zone between distinct lineages ofC. acutus. Further study using nuclear character data is warranted to more fully characterize this cryptic diversity, resolve taxonomic uncertainty, and inform conservation planning in this system.

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Schields, Chelsea. "“This is the Soul of Aruba Speaking”." New West Indian Guide 90, no. 3-4 (2016): 195–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134360-09003002.

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In 1951, at the onset of major decolonization initiatives in the Netherlands Antilles, thousands of residents on Aruba successfully joined in protest to defeat Campo Alegre, a proposed brothel near the Aruban oil-refining city of San Nicolas. This article considers the protest movement within the context of Antillean decolonization and argues that debates over sexual politics played an important role in popularizing an Aruban identity separate from neighboring Curaçao—then seat of the government of the Netherlands Antilles and site of the first Campo Alegre brothel. Through analysis of Aruban archival sources, this article examines how the protest movement exploited decolonization policy while also drawing on the rhetoric of leading local political parties who claimed racial and cultural superiority to Curaçao.

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Lager, Debbie, Bettina Van Hoven, and Louise Meijering. "Places that Matter: Place Attachment and Wellbeing of Older Antillean Migrants in the Netherlands." European Spatial Research and Policy 19, no. 1 (July 26, 2012): 81–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10105-012-0007-6.

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It has been argued that attachment to place increases wellbeing in old age (Wiles et al., 2009). Feeling ‘in place’ can increase an older person's wellbeing. For older migrants it can be a challenge to live in-between cultures. The objective of the article is to explore how older Antillean migrants derive a sense of wellbeing from attachment to their everyday places. We do so by drawing on in-depth interviews and a photography project with Antilleans who live in a senior cohousing community in a city in the Northern Netherlands. Based on the study, we conclude that the cohousing community acted as a central setting of experience from which the participants explored their wider surroundings and developed new attachments in the neighbourhood.

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TERRY, OSAWARU AIGBEOVBIOSA. "THE BURDEN OF HISTORY AND THE ANTILLEAN’S QUEST FOR HIS DISTINCTIVE IDENTITY." Cognizance Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 1, no. 4 (April 30, 2021): 13–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.47760/cognizance.2021.v01i04.002.

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One of the greatest burdens to bear is that of an unfavourable history. Its weight has a great deal of undertones that turn the existence of the persons involved into a psychologically distorted one. On this question of the burden of history, a collective approach has more far reaching psychological consequences for its bearers than that with an individualistic dimension. The former captures the reality of the Antillean people of Guadeloupe and Martinique, two overseas Departments of France. Our objective in this paper therefore is to painstakingly examine the Antillean‟s history, existence and space with a view to rationalizing the reactionary and innovative mentality amongst the Antillean people who seem to be racing against time in the search for their true identity, qualities and future projections.

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DONOVAN, STEPHEN K., and CORNELIS J. VELTKAMP. "THE ANTILLEAN TERTIARY CRINOID FAUNA." Journal of Paleontology 75, no. 3 (May 2001): 721–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1666/0022-3360(2001)075<0721:tatcf>2.0.co;2.

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Cromwell, Rose Marie. "Photographs From ‘Afro-Antillean Sentiment’." Latin American and Caribbean Ethnic Studies 4, no. 3 (November 2009): 343–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17442220903331712.

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Moïse, Myriam. "Antillean Women and Black Internationalism." Black Scholar 51, no. 2 (April 3, 2021): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00064246.2021.1888639.

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Medeiros, Iara Dos Santos, Vanessa Araújo Rebelo, Sebastião Silva Dos Santos, Rafael Menezes, Nadjacleia Vilar Almeida, Leonardo Tortoriello Messias, João Luiz Xavier Do Nascimento, Fábia De Oliveira Luna, Miriam Marmontel, and João Carlos Gomes Borges. "Spatiotemporal dynamics of mangrove forest and association with strandings of Antillean manatee (Trichechus manatus) calves in Paraíba, Brazil." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 101, no. 3 (May 2021): 503–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002531542100045x.

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AbstractEstuaries in Brazil are highly threatened environments and habitat loss is the main influential factor for the increase in the number of strandings of Antillean manatee (Trichechus manatus) calves in the north-eastern region of the country. The aim of the present study was to analyse and quantify the spatiotemporal dynamics of mangroves in the state of Paraíba and the association with manatee calf stranding events. The study area encompassed 10 remaining mangroves along the coast of the state, four of which were located within protected areas. Information on the mangrove forests was obtained from satellite images from the last four decades. Data on stranded Antillean manatee calves were obtained from a databank with records from 1980 to 2019. The data were analysed using geoprocessing techniques and statistical analyses. The results demonstrated changes in the mangrove forest over time, with larger areas existing during the 1980s, reductions in the following periods but a slight increase in the last decade. The number of stranded Antillean manatee calves increased over the years, with stranding events concentrated mainly on the northern coast of the state. The smallest number of stranding events occurred in the 1980s, when the mangrove forests were larger. Our findings confirm that the integrity of mangroves is of extreme importance to the maintenance and sustainability of Antillean manatee populations.

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Teruel, Rolando, and Mathieu Coulis. "FIRST RECORD OF THE GENUS CHARINUS SIMON, 1892 FROM MARTINIQUE, LESSER ANTILLES, WITH DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES (AMBLYPYGI: CHARINIDAE)." Ecologica Montenegrina 13 (October 17, 2017): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37828/em.2017.13.3.

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The genus Charinus Simon, 1892 is herein recorded for the first time from the Lesser Antillean island of Martinique (a French Overseas Territory), on the basis of two species. One of them occurs in the karstic hill of the southern part of the island and is herein described, supported by a thorough photographic complement. It is compared in detail to all its morphologically closest Antillean relatives and a brief supplementary comment is given on the high-rank taxonomy of the order.

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McCusker, Maeve. "The ‘Unhomely’ White Women of Antillean Writing." Paragraph 37, no. 2 (July 2014): 273–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/para.2014.0126.

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While the field known as ‘Whiteness Studies’ has been thriving in Anglophone criticism and theory for over 25 years, it is almost unknown in France. This is partly due to epistemological and political differences, but also to demographic factors — in contrast with the post-plantation culture of the US, for example, whites in Martinique and Guadeloupe are a tiny minority of small island populations. Yet ‘whiteness’ remains a phantasized and a fetishized state in the Antillean imaginary, and is strongly inflected by gender. This article sketches the emergence of ‘white’ femininity during slavery, then examines its representation in the work of a number of major Antillean writers (Condé, Placoly, Confiant, Chamoiseau). In their work, a cluster of recurring images and leitmotifs convey the idealization or, more commonly, the pathologization, of the white woman; these images resonate strongly with Bhabha's ‘unhomely’, and convey the disturbing imbrication of sex and race in Antillean history.

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Condé, Maryse, and Ronnie Scharfman. "The Tribulations of a Postcolonial Writer in New York." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 122, no. 1 (January 2007): 336–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2007.122.1.336.

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I belong to a region of the world where there are efforts to dictate to writers their choice of language, the material they should treat, and the way in which they should approach it. Where I come from, the writer is constantly summoned, called on, to put forth edifying, uplifting opinions on everything, so as to raise the morale of the people. For example, after the victory of the Antillean athlete Marie-José Pérec at the Olympic games, when I declared to France-Antilles that I considered it an individual success and not a victory for Caribbean woman and a celebration of her power, I was vilified, dragged through the mud for months.

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Gosner, Kenneth L. "Observations on Lesser Antillean Pit Vipers." Journal of Herpetology 21, no. 1 (March 1987): 78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1564383.

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Guerrón-Montero, Carla. "Afro-Antillean Cuisine and Global Tourism." Food, Culture & Society 7, no. 2 (September 2004): 29–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2752/155280104786577950.

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Simek, Nicole. "Humor, Disruption, and the Antillean Writer." Contemporary French and Francophone Studies 14, no. 4 (September 2010): 365–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17409292.2010.500906.

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Kalm, Florence. "The two ?faces? of Antillean prostitution." Archives of Sexual Behavior 14, no. 3 (June 1985): 203–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01542104.

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Duno de Stefano, Rodrigo, Israel Loera, and Diego Francisco Angulo. "A reassessment of Mappia (Icacinaceae) taxonomy using environmental data." Acta Botanica Mexicana, no. 127 (August 17, 2020): e1716. http://dx.doi.org/10.21829/abm127.2020.1716.

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Background and Aims: Mappia (Icacinaceae) is a genus comprising four species inhabiting Mesoamerica and the Greater Antilles. In the most recent phylogenetic analysis based on morphological data, three species, representing a continental clade (Mappia longipes, M. mexicana and M. multiflora) sister to the Antillean species M. racemosa, were supported. Our aims in this study were to evaluate whether environmental data support the previous hypothesis in Mappia entities. Methods: In this study, we use ecological niche analysis (environmental niche modeling and niche divergence/conservatism tests) and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) to test the previous morphological hypothesis at species and infraspecific level. Key results: Ecological differentiation between M. multiflora distributed from southeast Mexico to Costa Rica and M. racemosa occurring in Cuba, Jamaica, and Puerto Rico (Greater Antilles) was found, but not between the infraspecific taxa within the Antilles (M. racemosa var. brachycarpa, and M. racemosa var. racemosa). Conclusions: Our study brings an important signal of the ecological divergence between closely related species, but with disjunct patterns of distribution.

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Stoetzel, Emmanuelle, Antoine Fraysse, Sandrine Grouard, Corentin Bochaton, Monica Gala, Arnaud Lenoble, and Christiane Denys. "Diet of the Lesser Antillean barn owlTyto insularis(Aves: Strigiformes) in Dominica, Lesser Antilles." Caribbean Journal of Science 49, no. 1 (January 2016): 91–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.18475/cjos.v49i1.a1.

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Alexandre, Hermine, Julie Faure, Steven Ginzbarg, John Clark, and Simon Joly. "Bioclimatic niches are conserved and unrelated to pollination syndromes in Antillean Gesneriaceae." Royal Society Open Science 4, no. 11 (November 2017): 170293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.170293.

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The study of the evolution of abiotic niches can be informative regarding the speciation drivers in a given group. Yet, two factors that could potentially affect niche evolution have seldom been addressed concomitantly, which are biotic interactions and geographical isolation. In this study, we used as a model group the Antillean plant genera Gesneria and Rhytidophyllum (Gesneriaceae) to evaluate the effect of pollinators and geographical isolation on the bioclimatic niche. These genera possess species characterized by interspecific geographical isolation in different islands and are pollinated by different pollinators. Some species are pollinated by hummingbirds, other by bats, while some are more generalists and are pollinated by pollinators from both functional groups. After describing the bioclimatic niches of plant species, we measured niche overlap for species pairs and we fitted Brownian motion and Ornstein–Uhlenbeck (OU) evolution models with multiple evolutionary regimes to test for an effect of pollination strategy or geographical isolation on bioclimatic niche evolution of these plants. The analysis of niche overlap between plant species, which could not be corrected for phylogenetic relationships, showed that it was significantly influenced by pollination mode and island distribution. By contrast, the best fitting evolutionary model on niche optima and tolerance was always an OU model with a unique selective regime, suggesting that neither pollination strategy nor island isolation had an important effect on bioclimatic niches at a macroevolutionary scale. Instead, we conclude that bioclimatic niches of Antillean Gesneriaceae evolved under phylogenetic conservatism and hypothesize that this macroevolutionary pattern could result from adaptation to temporally variable climates in the Antilles.

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ROUGERIE, RODOLPHE, and DANIEL HERBIN. "Hispaniodirphia lemaireiana n. sp., a new saturniid from the Greater Antilles (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae, Hemileucinae)." Zootaxa 1204, no. 1 (May 18, 2006): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.1204.1.5.

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Hispaniodirphia lemaireiana, n. sp., is described from the Dominican Republic on the island of Hispaniola. This is only the second described species of the Antillean endemic Hispaniodirphia, which is the only saturniid genus documented from the Greater Antilles. H. lemaireiana is distinguished from its sister species, H. plana, by several conspicuous differences. Several specimens of the new species are illustrated to show the phenotypic plasticity of the male. Male genitalia of both H. lemaireiana and H. plana are figured. The female and the biology of H. lemaireiana remain unknown, as does the systematic position of the genus within Hemileucinae. Its endemism and the supposed association of its caterpillars with pine trees should generate interest in identifying its sister group in continental America.

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Celenk, Ozgur, Fons J. R. Van de Vijver, and Itziar Alonso-Arbiol. "Destructive Conflict Resolution, Acculturation Orientations, and Relationship Satisfaction among Ethnic Groups in the Netherlands." Acta de Investigación Psicológica 9, no. 3 (December 1, 2019): 114–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/fpsi.20074719e.2019.3.327.

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We aimed at disentangling the role of ethnicity and of acculturation in relation to destructive conflict resolutionand relationship satisfaction among 600 individuals of different ethnicity living in the Netherlands. Ethnicgroup differences were obtained for destructive conflict resolution and similarities appeared for relationshipsatisfaction after controlling for age, education, and income. As for cultural differences, the Turkish-Moroccangroup was higher on destructive conflict management than the ethnic Dutch group. Turkish-Moroccans alsoindicated that they continue the argument without listening to their partners more than Antillean-Surinameseindividuals. As for relationship satisfaction, immigrants with an Indonesian background reported higher relationship satisfaction than Turkish-Moroccans. Regarding gender differences, females scored higher than males in relation to destructive conflict management and relationship satisfaction. Finally, groups were invariant in relation to the negative relationship between destructive conflict resolution and relationship satisfaction. Yet,cultural maintenance was more strongly and positively related to satisfaction among immigrants with Turkishand Moroccan backgrounds than with Antillean, Surinamese, and Indonesian origins. Nevertheless, culturaladoption was more strongly and positively related to satisfaction among immigrants with Antillean, Surinamese,and Indonesian origins compared to people with Turkish and Moroccan backgrounds. Cultural maintenancewas more salient than cultural adoption in relation to satisfaction.

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Arriaga-Varela, Emmanuel, Matthias Seidel, Albert Deler-Hernández, Viktor Senderov, and Martin Fikácek. "A review of the Cercyon Leach (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Sphaeridiinae) of the Greater Antilles." ZooKeys 681 (June 21, 2017): 39–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.681.12522.

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The representatives of the genus Cercyon Leach occurring in the Greater Antilles are reviewed. Ten species are recorded, of which five are described here as new: C. gimmelisp. n. (Dominican Republic), C. armatipenissp. n. (Dominican Republic), C. tainosp. n. (Dominican Republic), C. sklodowskaesp. n. (Jamaica) and C. spiniventrissp. n. (Dominican Republic). Diagnoses and detailed distributional data are also provided for C. floridanus Horn, 1890 (distributed in southeastern United States of America and Cayman Islands), C. insularis Chevrolat, 1863 (endemic to the Antilles) C. praetextatus (Say, 1825) (widely distributed in the New World incl. Greater Antilles), C. quisquilius (Linnaeus, 1761) (an adventive species of Paleartic origin) and C. nigriceps (Marshall, 1802) (an adventive species probably of Oriental origin). Cercyon armatipenis, C. gimmeli, C. taino form a group of closely related species only distinguishable by male genitalia and DNA sequences. A key to the Great Antillean Cercyon is provided and important diagnostic characters are illustrated. The larvae of C. insularis and C. taino were associated with adults using COI barcode sequences, illustrated and diagnosed. Full occurrence data, additional images and COI barcode sequences were submitted to open access on-line depositories in an effort to provide access to complete data.

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Morales-Malacara, Juan B., Gabriela Castaño-Meneses, Hans Klompen, and Carlos A. Mancina. "New Species of the Genus Periglischrus (Acari: Spinturnicidae) from Monophyllus Bats (Chiroptera: Phyllostomidae) in the West Indies, Including a Morphometric Analysis of Its Intraspecific Variation." Journal of Medical Entomology 57, no. 2 (November 20, 2019): 418–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjz198.

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Abstract The discovery of a new species, Periglischrus empheresotrichus, was determined through a review of museum collections, as well as a field survey of ectoparasites of island bats. This new species parasitizes on two bat species of the genus Monophyllus Leach, the Greater Antillean Long-tongued bat Monophyllus redmani Leach and the Lesser Antillean Long-tongued bat Monophyllus plethodon Miller. The female, male, deuthonymphs, and protonymph are described and illustrated. P. empheresotrichus n. sp. has an insular distribution, we evaluated the morphological variation of the adult populations, and concluded that intra-specific variation is correlated both with host species and locality (island) in the West Indies.

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Griffiths, Thomas A., and David Klingener. "On the Distribution of Greater Antillean Bats." Biotropica 20, no. 3 (September 1988): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2388240.

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Guerrón-Montero, Carla. "Tourism and Afro-Antillean Identity in Panama." Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change 4, no. 2 (September 2006): 65–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2167/jtcc074.0.

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43

Wylie, Jonathan. "The Origins of Lesser Antillean French Creole." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 10, no. 1 (January 1, 1995): 77–126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.10.1.04wyl.

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A survey of literary and lexical evidence — early French descriptions of Martinique and its neighboring islands, and the etymologies of modern Dominican names for fish and parts of dugout canoes — suggests that Lesser Antillean French Creole did not take shape until the first decades of the 18th century, some 70 years after French colonization got seriously underway in 1635. The language's progenitors included a Spanish-Carib-French pidgin used between French settlers, their African slaves, and the islands' aboriginal inhabitants; a simplified form of French; and Standard French. No African influences are attested before the 1690s.

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Ricklefs, R. E., and E. Bermingham. "Taxon cycles in the Lesser Antillean avifauna." Ostrich 70, no. 1 (March 1999): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00306525.1999.9639749.

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Fritsch, Peter W., and Frank Al. "A taxonomic revision of Antillean Symplocos (Symplocaceae)." Phytotaxa 194, no. 1 (January 21, 2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.194.1.1.

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We present a taxonomic revision of Symplocos (Symplocaceae, Ericales, Angiospermae) for the Antilles. The seventeen species recognized are distributed among three major clades of the genus corresponding to S. sect. Hopea, S. ser. Symplocos, and S. ser. Urbaniocharis, the latter two comprising S. sect. Symplocos. Fifteen of the species are endemic to the Antilles and only one (S. cubensis) occurs in more than one major island group. The revision includes keys, descriptions, distribution maps, and a conservation assessment for each species. Symplocos baracoensis is described as new, and lectotypes are designated for S. apiculata, S. domingensis, S. guadeloupensis, S. harrisii, S. hyboneura, S. jamaicensis, S. jurgensenii, S. lanata, S. latifolia, S. micrantha, S. pilifera, S. polyantha, S. tubulifera, and S. urbaniana.

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Martina, Maria Cristina, Federico Cesarani, Rosa Boano, Emma Rabino Massa, Claudio Carlo Venturi, and Giovanni Gandini. "Multidetector CT of an Antillean Zemi Idol." RadioGraphics 30, no. 7 (November 2010): 1993–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1148/rg.307105020.

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Meurgey, François, and C. Poiron. "An updated checklist of Lesser Antillean Odonata." International Journal of Odonatology 15, no. 4 (December 2012): 305–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13887890.2012.738401.

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Griffin, G. A. E. "In the Penumbra of the Antillean Hallucination." Small Axe 21, no. 2 53 (June 28, 2017): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/07990537-4156738.

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Haefner, J. W. "Assembly rules for Greater Antillean Anolis lizards." Oecologia 74, no. 4 (January 1988): 551–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00380053.

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Debrot, Adolphe O., Erik B. Boman, and Hannah Madden. "The Lesser Antillean Iguana on St. Eustatius." Reptiles & Amphibians 20, no. 2 (June 1, 2013): 44–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/randa.v20i2.13939.

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To assess the status and current population densities of the endangered Lesser Antillean Iguana (Iguana delicatissima) on the island of St. Eustatius, we spent more than 80 h searching for iguanas and covered more than 63 km of trails and tracks — but found only 22 iguanas, for an overall average of 3.7 h per iguana. Overall population density was 0.35 iguanas per hectare, which represents 0.5–1.0% of densities documented elsewhere in healthy populations. Population densities have declined across all habitats since the last assessment in 2004. The lack of nesting sites and high iguana mortalities due to anthropogenic causes were the two core factors limiting recovery of iguanas on St. Eustatius. Our principle recommendation are to: (a) Train and equip border officials to prevent entry of mongooses and Green Iguanas from neighboring islands; (b) implement enforcement and upgrade protective legislation; (c) develop and maintain new additional nesting habitat, a measure that is both easy and inexpensive; and (d) establish a program to promote "iguana-friendly" gardens as the main means of reducing cumulative mortality. Finally, we propose the development of an in situ husbandry and breeding program to help bolster the overall recovery program, a move that also would benefit islanders by offering a relaxed setting in which they could better learn to appreciate this emblematic island species.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Antillean'

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