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Journal articles on the topic 'Antioxidant and antimutagenic activity'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Gautam, Vandana, Sukhmeen Kohli, Saroj Arora, Renu Bhardwaj, Mohsin Kazi, Ajaz Ahmad, Mohammad Raish, Majid Ganaie, and Parvaiz Ahmad. "Antioxidant and Antimutagenic Activities of Different Fractions from the Leaves of Rhododendron arboreum Sm. and Their GC-MS Profiling." Molecules 23, no. 9 (September 3, 2018): 2239. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules23092239.

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In this era of urbanization and environmental pollution, antioxidants and antimutagens derived from plants are promising safeguards for human health. In the current investigation, we analyzed the antioxidant and antimutagenic effects of the hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate fractions of Rhododendron arboreum Sm. leaves and determined their chemical composition. The different fractions inhibited lipid peroxidation, repressed the production of nitric oxide radicals, and prevented deoxyribose degradation. The antimutagenic activity of the leaf fractions was analyzed against 4-nitro-O-phenylenediamine, sodium azide and 2-aminofluorene mutagens in two test strains (TA-98 and TA-100) of Salmonella typhimurium. The experiment was conducted using pre- and co-incubation modes. The best results were obtained in the pre-incubation mode, and against indirect acting mutagen. The presence of a number of bioactive constituents was confirmed in the different fractions by GC-MS analysis. The study reveals the strong antioxidant and antimutagenic activity of R. arboreum leaves. We propose that those activities of R. arboreum might correspond to the combined effect of the phytochemicals identified by GC-MS analysis. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the antimutagenic activity of R. arboreum leaves.
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2

Bunkova, R., I. Marova, Z. Pokorna, and A. Lojek. "Analysis of Plant Extracts Antimutagenicity Using the Ames Test and the Cytogenetic Analysis of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes." Food Science and Technology International 11, no. 2 (April 2005): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013205052764.

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This work was focused on comparison of antimutagenic effect of selected plant extracts (carrot, paprika, tomato, spinach, onion, kiwi and green tea) analysed by two independent tests of genotoxicity: i) the Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and ii) cytogenetic analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes (CAPL). Both methods were proved without and/or with metabolic activation. Samples were allowed to be positive antimutagens based on their ability to inhibit the mutagenic effects of standard mutagens. High positive results (more than 60% of inhibition of mutagenic effect) were obtained with extract from green tea. Extracts from paprika, carrot and spinach as well as solutions of standard alltrans-carotene and some standard flavonoids showed antimutagenic (40-60% of inhibition) or weakly antimutagenic (20-40% of inhibition) effects. Positive antimutagenic effects of extracts from spinach and green tea were determined using CAPL method too. Further, the comparison of antimutagenic activity and antioxidant capacity of tested samples analysed using TRAP (total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter) method was proved. Extract from green tea showed the highest antioxidant as well as antimutagenic capacity, but no correlation was found between these parameters in all tested extracts.
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3

Zahin, Maryam, Farrukh Aqil, Fohad Mabood Husain, and Iqbal Ahmad. "Antioxidant Capacity and Antimutagenic Potential ofMurraya koenigii." BioMed Research International 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/263509.

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It is well known that the intake of antioxidants with increased consumption of fruits and vegetables and medicinal herbs contributes towards reduced risk of certain diseases including cancers. This study aims to evaluate the broad-spectrum antioxidant and antimutagenic activities as well as to elucidate phytochemical profile of an Indian medicinal plantMurraya koenigii(curry) leaves. Leaves of the plant were successively fractionated in various organic solvents. Benzene fraction demonstrated the highest phenolic content followed by petroleum ether. The benzene fraction showed maximum antioxidant activity in all tested assays, namely, phosphomolybdenum, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assays. Based on the promising broad-spectrum antioxidant activity, benzene fraction was further evaluated for antimutagenic activity and showed a dose-dependent antimutagenic response in AmesSalmonellamutagenicity assay. It inhibited 72–86% mutagenicity induced by sodium azide, methyl methanesulfonate, benzo(a)pyrene, and 2-aminoflourene at the maximum tested concentration (100 μg/mL) inSalmonella typhimuriumtester strains. At least 21 compounds were detected by GC/MS. The findings clearly demonstrated that phenolic-rich benzene fraction has promising broad-spectrum antioxidant and antimutagenic property and needs further evaluation to exploit its therapeutic potential.
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Vaidya, Santosh Kumar, Dharmesh K. Golwala, and Darpini S. Patel. "Antioxidant and Antimutagenic (Anticlastogenic) Effect of Solanum xanthocarpum Seed Extracts." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 13, no. 4 (July 12, 2020): 5005–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2020.13.4.6.

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the in-vitro antioxidant and in-vivo Antimutagenic properties of Solanum xanthocarpum seed extracts the preliminary qualitative phytochemical screening was to reveal presence of polyphenols, flavonoids, glycoside, alkaloids, carbo-hydrates, and reducing sugar etc. Based preliminary qualitative phytochemical screening, Quantitative estimation of polyphenols was performed, quantitative estimation alcoholic extract found significant amounts of polyphenols as compare to aqueous extract. In-vitro antioxidants was performed by two method DDPH and superoxide radical scavenging method, the alcoholic extract shows significant antioxidant properties as compare to aqueous extract, based on polyphenols and antioxidant properties alcoholic extracts was used for the antimutagenic (clastogenic) test. Alcoholic extract produced significant result in antimutagenic activity.
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5

Anish, Anusha, Sherena Padinjarevattom Abdulkadir, Annamala Panthapulakkil Theru, and Mukkadan Joseph Kurian. "Anti-mutagenic Activity of Oxycarotenoid-rich Extracts Isolated from Coriandrum Sativum and Murraya koenigii." Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Biology 5, no. 4 (December 7, 2020): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31557/apjcb.2020.5.4.147-152.

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Introduction: Edible and medicinal plants contain active principles that can act as antimutagens, and hence their intake may be useful for human cancer prevention. Green leafy vegetables are important sources of carotenoids which possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimutagenic properties. Objective: To study the antimutagenic activity of oxycarotenoid-rich extracts isolated from Coriandrum sativum (coriander leaves) and Murraya koenigii (curry leaves). Methods: Oxycarotenoid-rich extracts isolated from Coriandrum sativum (coriander leaves) and Murraya koenigii (curry leaves) were investigated for antimutagenic activity in vitro by Ames test using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 98 and TA 1535. Mutagens used were, nitro-o- phenylenediamine (NPD) (20μg/plate) and N-methyl- N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) (1μg/ plate). Results: The results revealed that oxycarotenoid-rich extracts isolated from Coriandrum sativum (coriander leaves) and Murraya koenigii (curry leaves) administered at doses of 1.0 mg, 2.5 mg and 5 mg per plate significantly inhibited mutagenicity induced by NPD and MNNG.Conclusion: These findings suggest that oxycarotenoid- rich extracts isolated from Coriandrum sativum (coriander leaves) and Murraya koenigii (curry leaves) have antimutagenic properties.
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6

Ramadan, Doaa T., Mohamed A. M. Ali, Shaymaa M. Yahya, and Wael M. El-Sayed. "Correlation between Antioxidant/Antimutagenic and Antiproliferative Activity of Some Phytochemicals." Anti-Cancer Agents in Medicinal Chemistry 19, no. 12 (December 2, 2019): 1481–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1871520619666190528091648.

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Background: Chemotherapeutic drugs have high toxicity associated with undesirable side-effects. Now, natural products are the most important anti-cancer agents because of their low toxicity and potential effectiveness. Methods: The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of amygdalin, naringenin and ellagic acid against breast, colon, and liver cell lines was estimated. The antimutagenic, free radical-, superoxide radical-, and hydroxyl radical- scavenging activities of these phytochemicals were measured. The expression of p53, bid, bax, bcl2, and caspases 9, 3, and 7 was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) in breast and liver cells. In addition, the active Caspase 3 protein was estimated in liver cells. Results: Ellagic acid showed the highest antioxidant and antiproliferative activities. Amygdalin and naringenin with low and moderate antioxidant profiles showed a corresponding low and moderate cytotoxicity against cancer cell lines, respectively. Naringenin and ellagic acid had a significant antimutagenic activity which was detected by the Salmonella test. Ellagic acid offered a much better antimutagenic activity than naringenin. The apoptotic pathway evoked by ellagic acid in HepG2 and MCF-7 cells was investigated. The results showed that a caspase-dependent and a caspase-independent apoptosis occurred in MCF-7 and HepG2, respectively. Conclusion: The antimutagenic/antioxidant properties are well correlated with the antiproliferative activity of the phytochemicals investigated. This study proved that some easy, quick and cheap assays could predict the antiproliferative activity of many nutraceuticals. Finally, this platform could help in the discovery of new anticancer agents where hundreds of compounds are investigated in the pipeline of drug discovery.
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7

KOGAN, G., Y. SKORIK, I. ITANOVA, L. KRIKOVA, Z. URAKOVA, C. GOMES, Y. YATLUK, and J. KRAJOVI. "Antioxidant and antimutagenic activity of -(2-carboxyethyl)chitosan." Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 201, no. 3 (December 15, 2004): 303–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.taap.2004.05.009.

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8

Spada, Patrícia D. S., Gabrielle Gianna Nunes de Souza, Giovana Vera Bortolini, João A. P. Henriques, and Mirian Salvador. "Antioxidant, Mutagenic, and Antimutagenic Activity of Frozen Fruits." Journal of Medicinal Food 11, no. 1 (March 2008): 144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2007.598.

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9

Del-Toro-Sánchez, Carmen Lizette, Nereyda Bautista-Bautista, José Luis Blasco-Cabal, Marisela Gonzalez-Ávila, Melesio Gutiérrez-Lomelí, and Myriam Arriaga-Alba. "Antimutagenicity of Methanolic Extracts fromAnemopsis californicain Relation to Their Antioxidant Activity." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/273878.

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Anemopsis californicahas been used empirically to treat infectious diseases. However, there are no antimutagenic evaluation reports on this plant. The present study evaluated the antioxidant activity in relation to the mutagenic and antimutagenic activity properties of leaf (LME) and stem (SME) methanolic extracts ofA. californicacollected in the central Mexican state of Querétaro. Antioxidant properties and total phenols of extracts were evaluated using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and Folin-Ciocalteu methods, respectively. Mutagenicity was evaluated using the Ames test employingSalmonella entericaserovar Typhimurium strains (TA98, TA100, and TA102), with and without an aroclor 1254 (S9 mixture). Antimutagenesis was performed against mutations induced on the Ames test with MNNG, 2AA, or 4NQO. SME presented the highest antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content. None of the extracts exhibited mutagenicity in the Ames test. The extracts produced a significant reduction in 2AA-induced mutations inS. typhimuriumTA98. In both extracts, mutagenesis induced by 4NQO or methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) was reduced only if the exposure of strains was <10 μg/Petri dish.A. californcaantioxidant properties and its capacity to reduce point mutations render it suitable to enhance medical cancer treatments. The significant effect against antimutagenic 2AA suggests that their consumption would provide protection against carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic compounds.
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10

Halavach, Т. M., E. I. Tarun, N. V. Dudchik, R. V. Romanovich, I. A. Bubra, and V. P. Kurchenko. "Description of biologically active protein hydrolysates of whey and colostrum." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Biological Series 63, no. 4 (October 30, 2018): 409–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.29235/1029-8940-2018-63-4-409-418.

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Antioxidant, antimutagenic and antigenic properties of partial hydrolysates of whey and colostrum obtained using bacterial endopeptidase (alcalase) have been investigated. It was found that the depth of proteolysis, qualitative and quantitative composition of protein component of samples determined the level of their antiradical and antimutagenic activity. According to SDS-electrophoresis whey hydrolysate contains cleaved allergen proteins, whereas colostrum hydrolysate possesses a high molecular weight fraction (>10 kDa) of partially digested immunoglobulins. Proteolysis of β-lactoglobulin, which has a high allergenic potential, is confirmed by results of immunoprecipitation reaction. In accordance with the ORAC method antioxidant action of hydrolysed whey and colostrum increased by 2.8 and 5.0 times, respectively. Antimutagenic effect for whey hydrolysate was 15.7–49.2 % when tested on the strain Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 and 18.8–52.1 % for strain TA 100. It exceeded values of colostrum hydrolysate. Samples of whey and colostrum hypoallergenic hydrolysates with confirmed antioxidant and antimutagenic properties have been obtained.
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11

Zahin, Maryam, Iqbal Ahmad, and Farrukh Aqil. "Antioxidant and antimutagenic activity of Carum copticum fruit extracts." Toxicology in Vitro 24, no. 4 (June 2010): 1243–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tiv.2010.02.004.

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12

William, Helen, and Narayanan N. "COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SUBSTITUTED FLAVONES." Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 10, no. 11 (November 1, 2017): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2017.v10i11.18973.

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Objective: The flavonoids are a heterogeneous group of plant polyphenols that are endowed with several biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antiviral, antimutagenic, and anticarcinogenic properties. They are believed to interfere with the various free radical-producing systems and they also enhance the functions of endogenous antioxidants. The aim of this study was to compare the antioxidant activity of synthesized substituted flavones by various free radical scavenging assays.Methods: The flavones used in the study, 6,3’,4’ - trihydroxy flavones (THF) and 3-hydroxy-6,3’-dimethoxy flavones were synthesized using standard procedures and their antioxidant activity was compared by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay, hydroxyl radical scavenging assay, reducing power capacity, superoxide free radical scavenging assay, and 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6- sulphonic acid assay.Results: In the DPPH assay, THF has an inhibitory concentration 50% value of 18.89 μg/ml which was much better than that of standard ascorbic acid which was 26.1 μg/ml. The THF had a much better antioxidant activity in most of the free radical scavenging assays.Conclusion: From the study, it can be seen that the flavones showed significant antioxidant activity that can be used for treatment of various diseases
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13

Ajiboye, Taofeek O., Musa T. Yakubu, and Adenike T. Oladiji. "Cytotoxic, Antimutagenic, and Antioxidant Activities of Methanolic Extract and Chalcone Dimers (Lophirones B and C) Derived From Lophira alata (Van Tiegh. Ex Keay) Stem Bark." Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine 19, no. 1 (October 7, 2013): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2156587213505112.

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The cytotoxic, antimutagenic, and antioxidant activities of methanolic extract and lophirones B and C derived from Lophira alata stem bark were evaluated. The extract and lophirones B and C significantly ( P < .05) reduced the viability of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells. There were concentration-dependent reduction in 4-nitro- o-aminophenylenediamine and benzo[ a]pyrene–induced frame shift mutation as well as aflatoxin B1–induced base pair substitution by the extract and lophirones B and C. The extract and lophirones B and C concentration dependently scavenged DPPH radical, superoxide anion radical, hydrogen peroxide, hydroxyl radicals, and reduced ferric ion in the potassium hexacyanoferrate III reducing system. The results obtained from this study revealed that methanolic extract and lophirones B and C derived from Lophira alata stem bark posses anticancer, antimutagenic, and antioxidant activities, with lophirone C producing the best anticancer, antimutagenic, and antioxidant activities. The acclaimed anticancer activity of Lophira alata may be attributed to lophirones B and C.
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Frassinetti, Stefania, Clara Maria Della Croce, Leonardo Caltavuturo, and Vincenzo Longo. "Antimutagenic and antioxidant activity of Lisosan G in Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Food Chemistry 135, no. 3 (December 2012): 2029–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.06.090.

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15

Devi, Heisanam Pushparani, P. B. Mazumder, and Laishram Priyadarshini Devi. "Antioxidant and antimutagenic activity of Curcuma caesia Roxb. rhizome extracts." Toxicology Reports 2 (2015): 423–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2014.12.018.

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16

Zahin, Maryam, Najat A. Bokhari, Iqbal Ahmad, Fohad Mabood Husain, Abdullah Safar Althubiani, Mashael W. Alruways, Kahkashan Perveen, and Misfera Shalawi. "Antioxidant, antibacterial, and antimutagenic activity of Piper nigrum seeds extracts." Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 28, no. 9 (September 2021): 5094–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.05.030.

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17

Kaur, Rajbir, Upendra Sharma, Bikram Singh, and Saroj Arora. "Antimutagenic and Antioxidant Characteristics of Chukrasia tabularis A Juss Extracts." International Journal of Toxicology 30, no. 1 (October 19, 2010): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091581810385362.

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The current study aims to evaluate the antioxidative and antimutagenic activities of methanol extract and different fractions of Chukrasia tabularis leaves. The antioxidative potential was evaluated using 2,2′-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) cation and superoxide anion radical-scavenging assay. The antimutagenic potential was evaluated against direct-acting mutagens, 4-nitro- o-phenylenediamine and sodium azide; and S9-dependent mutagen, 2-aminofluorene in TA98 and TA100 strains of Salmonella typhimurium using Ames assay. It has been found that methanol extract and its fractions were more efficient against S9-dependent mutagen in pre-incubation mode of treatment as compared to direct-acting mutagens in both the strains. Methanol extract and its fractions also exhibited strong radical-scavenging potential. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of methanol extract showed the presence of gallic acid, epicatechin, 7-hydroxycoumarin, and rutin. From the study, it could be concluded that antioxidative and antimutagenic activity of methanol extract and its fractions was related to the synergistic interactions among different chemical compounds.
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18

dos Santos, Uilson Pereira, Georgina S. Tolentino, Jorge Sá Morais, Kely de Picoli Souza, Leticia M. Estevinho, and Edson Lucas dos Santos. "Physicochemical Characterization, Microbiological Quality and Safety, and Pharmacological Potential of Hancornia speciosa Gomes." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2018 (June 28, 2018): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2976985.

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Hancornia speciosa Gomes is a fruit tree, commonly known as the mangaba tree, which is widespread throughout Brazil. The leaves of this plant are used in traditional medicine for medicinal purposes. Thus, the objective of this study was to perform a physicochemical characterization, identify the lipophilic antioxidants and fatty acids, and determine the microbiological quality and safety of H. speciosa leaves. In addition, the antioxidant, antimutagenic, and inhibitory activities of the ethanolic extract of H. speciosa leaves (EEHS) against enzymes related to neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation, obesity, and diabetes were investigated. Furthermore, this study aimed at assessing the in vivo effects of the EEHS on the glycemia of normoglycemic and diabetic Wistar rats. Physicochemical characterization was performed by colorimetry and gas-liquid chromatography with flame ionization detection (GC-FID). The total number of colonies of aerobic mesophiles, molds, and yeasts was determined. The total coliforms and Escherichia coli were counted using the SimPlates kit, and sulphite-reducing Clostridium spores were quantified using the sulphite-polymyxin-sulfadiazine agar method. Salmonella spp. were detected using the 1-2 Test. The antioxidant activity of the EEHS was measured by its inhibition of 2,2′-azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride- (AAPH-) induced oxidative hemolysis of human erythrocytes. The antimutagenic activity was determined using the Ames test. The acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, hyaluronidase, lipase, α-amylase, and α-glycosidase enzyme-inhibiting activities were assessed and compared with commercial controls. The in vivo effects of the EEHS were assessed using the oral glucose tolerance test in normoglycemic Wistar rats and measuring the blood glucose levels in diabetic rats. The results demonstrated physical-chemical parameters of microbiological quality and safety in the leaves of H. speciosa, as well as antioxidant and antimutagenic activities and inhibition of enzymes related to neurodegenerative diseases, inflammation, obesity, and diabetes. In in vivo assays, it was shown that the normoglycemic rats challenged with glucose overload show significantly decreased blood glucose levels when treated with the EEHS. Taken together, the results ensure the microbiological quality and safety as well as showing the contents of carotenoids and polyunsaturated fatty acids of H. speciosa leaves. Additionally, the antioxidant, antimutagenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-Alzheimer’s disease, anti-Parkinson’s disease, antiobesity, and antihyperglycemic activities of the EEHS were demonstrated.
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Tanase, Mocan, Coșarcă, Gavan, Nicolescu, Gheldiu, Vodnar, Muntean, and Crișan. "Biological and Chemical Insights of Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Bark: A Source of Bioactive Compounds with Functional Properties." Antioxidants 8, no. 9 (September 19, 2019): 417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox8090417.

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The present study aimed, on the one hand, to improve the yield of microwave assisted extraction (MAE) of polyphenols from beech bark by using a design of experiments (DoE) approach. On the other hand, beech bark extracts (BBE) were characterized in terms of their phytochemical profile and evaluated for biological potential (antioxidant, antibacterial, antifungal, antimutagen, anti-α-glucosidase, and anti-tyrosinase). The extraction time varies with the amount of extracted total phenolic content (TPC). The microwave power favors TPC extraction but in different proportions. The optimum conditions which gave the highest TPC (76.57 mg GAE/g dry plant material) were reached when the microwave power was 300 W, extraction time was 4 min, and the solvent was an ethanol-water (50:50) mixture. The practical value of TPC after a controlled experiment was 76.49 mg GAE/g plant material. The identified compounds were vanillic acid, gallic acid, epicatechin, catechin, protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, and isoquercitrin. The antioxidant potential of BBEs was demonstrated by in vitro experiments. The BBEs were active against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, and Candida species. All extracts were antimutagenic and expressed an inhibition on α-glucosidase and tyrosinase activity. Regarding antimutagen activity, the assayed extracts may be considered to have low or no antimutagen effects.
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van der Westhuizen, Francois H., Catharina S. Janse van Rensburg, George S. Rautenbach, Jeanine L. Marnewick, Du Toit Loots, Cristal Huysamen, Roan Louw, Pieter J. Pretorius, and Elardus Erasmus. "In vitro antioxidant, antimutagenic and genoprotective activity ofRosa roxburghii fruit extract." Phytotherapy Research 22, no. 3 (2008): 376–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ptr.2330.

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Wattamwar, P. B., AMAR UMAKANT UPASE, S. B. Gholve, S. G. Zingade, and O. G. Bhusnure. "Formulation and Evaluation of Traditional Antioxidant Grape Seeds Extract in the Form of Tablets." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 5 (September 15, 2019): 110–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i5.3228.

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Oxygen uptake while breathing cause’s free radical production and in addition to that environmental factors such as pollutants, smoke and certain chemicals also contribute to their formation. Reactive oxygen species is a collective term that includes all reactive forms of oxygen, including both oxygen radicals and several non-radical oxidizing agents that participate in the initiation and/or propagation of chain reaction. Free radicals are atoms, molecules or ions with unpaired electrons that are highly unstable and active towards chemical reactions with other molecules. Antioxidant is any substance that when present at low concentrations compared to those of an oxidizable substrate significantly delays or prevents oxidation of that substrate. Antioxidants block the process of oxidation by neutralizing free radicals. Antioxidant power of proanthocyanidins is 20 times greater than vitamin E and 50 times greater than vitamin C. Proanthocyanidins in Grape seeds have been shown to exhibit strong antioxidant, antimutagenic, anti-inflammatory, anticarcinogenic and antiviral activity. Keywords- Antioxidants, Grape seed, Proanthocyanidins, DPPH activity.
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22

Rodriguez, Silvana, Rosa Ana Sueiro, Ana Paula Murray, and José Manuel Leiro. "Bioactive Sesquiterpene Obtained from Schinus areira L. (Anacardiaceae) Essential Oil." Proceedings 41, no. 1 (November 15, 2019): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-23-06649.

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The essential oils (EOs) from the leaves of Schinus areira and one of its components, globulol, were studied for their antioxidant, antimutagenic and antipromutagenic activities. The chemical composition of the EOs obtained using hydrodistillation was determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and fractionated using reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). The active compound (16.61%) isolated was identified by comparison of its 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy with those reported in the literature. The antioxidant activity of the EOs and globulol were determined using two methods: crocin bleaching inhibition (Trolox Equivalent Value, TEV Krel = 1.16 ± 0.11 vs. 1.24 ± 0.22) and scavenging of the DPPH radical (IC50 = 38.75 ± 2.5 μg/mL vs. 5.60 ± 0.9 μg/mL). The antimutagenic and antipromutagenic activities were evaluated in vitro and ex vivo, using the Ames assay with five strains of Salmonella typhimurium with and without exogenous metabolic activation (rat liver fraction S9), against different mutagens. The result determined that globulol and EOs of S. areira at the applied doses do not exhibit any mutagenic effect and showed the highest antioxidant activity.
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Almanza, Giovanna R., Raúl Quispe, Patricia Mollinedo, Gloria Rodrigo, Odette Fukushima, Rodrigo Villagomez, Bjorn Akesson, and Olov Sterner. "Antioxidant and Antimutagenic Polyisoprenylated Benzophenones and Xanthones from Rheedia acuminata." Natural Product Communications 6, no. 9 (September 2011): 1934578X1100600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1934578x1100600916.

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Dichloromethane extract of the stem bark of Rheedia acuminata yielded three benzophenones with antioxidant activity, the new one named acuminophenone A (1), guttiferone K (2) and isoxanthochymol (3), along with the known xanthones formoxanthone C (4) and macluraxanthone (5). The structures were established through interpretation of their spectroscopic data, the stereochemistry of compounds (1) and (2) were resolved by experimental and computational experiments and their antioxidant activities were measured using the DPPH, ABTS and TEAC assays. The antioxidant results showed that metabolites 1, 4 and 5 had a better antioxidant activity than the reference compound quercetin. In addition, we evaluate the mutagenicity and antimutagenicity of the CH2Cl2 extract as well as of the free radical scavenger compounds 1, 4 and 5 by the AMES Salmonella/microsomal test. No mutagenicity was found in the CH2Cl2 extract using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98, TA100, TA102, TA1537 and TA1538, with or without S9 metabolic activation. The pure compounds neither showed mutagenicity in TA 102 strain and the most important result was the strong reduction of mutagenic effect induced by hydrogen peroxide in S. typhimurium TA 102, with or without S9, showed by the compounds 1 (more than 93%) and 4 (more than 88%) at 0.02 μg/plate.
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Noguera-Artiaga, Luis, Joel Said García-Romo, Ema C. Rosas-Burgos, Francisco Javier Cinco-Moroyoqui, Reyna Luz Vidal-Quintanar, Ángel Antonio Carbonell-Barrachina, and Armando Burgos-Hernández. "Antioxidant, Antimutagenic and Cytoprotective Properties of Hydrosos Pistachio Nuts." Molecules 24, no. 23 (November 29, 2019): 4362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24234362.

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Pistachio nuts are included among the foods with the highest antioxidant capacity. Stressed cultivating conditions, such as the use of regulated deficit irrigation (RDI), are expected to create a plant response that might increase the production of secondary metabolites. Fruits that are obtained under RDI treatments are commonly called hydroSOS products. The aim of this work was to study the influence of using different rootstocks (P. atlantica, P. integerrima, and P. terebinthus) and two RDI treatments on the antioxidant (ABTS, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and DPPH), antimutagenic (Ames test), and cytotoxicity (MTT assay in five human cell lines) activities of pistachios. P. terebinthus showed the best antioxidant activity, and the RDI treatments maintained and improved the antioxidant properties of pistachios. Neither the rootstock nor the RDI had significant impact on the antimutagenic potential of pistachios. The nut extracts had no toxic effect on non-cancerous cells and the application of RDI did not reduce their cytoprotective capacity. Furthermore, neither rootstock nor RDI treatments affected the ability of the pistachio extracts of preventing the oxidative damage by H2O2. The application of RDI strategies, in addition to allowing irrigation water saving, led to obtaining pistachios with the same or even better biofunctional characteristics as compared to fully irrigated pistachios.
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Cano-Lamadrid, M., F. C. Marhuenda-Egea, F. Hernández, E. C. Rosas-Burgos, A. Burgos-Hernández, and A. A. Carbonell-Barrachina. "Biological Activity of Conventional and Organic Pomegranate Juices: Antioxidant and Antimutagenic Potential." Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 71, no. 4 (July 16, 2016): 375–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11130-016-0569-y.

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Tanase, Corneliu, Sanda Coșarcă, and Daniela-Lucia Muntean. "A Critical Review of Phenolic Compounds Extracted from the Bark of Woody Vascular Plants and Their Potential Biological Activity." Molecules 24, no. 6 (March 26, 2019): 1182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24061182.

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Polyphenols are one of the largest and most widespread groups of secondary metabolites in the plants world. These compounds are of particular interest due to their occurrence and the properties they possess. The main sources of phenolic compounds are fruits and vegetables, but lately, more and more studies refer to woody vascular plants, especially to bark, as an important source of phenolic compounds with a potential biological effect. This study aims to bring together information on the phenolic compounds present in the bark of woody vascular plants by discussing extraction methods, the chemical composition of the extracts and potential biological effects. The literature data used in this paper were collected via PubMed (2004–2019). Search terms were: bark, rhytidome, woody vascular plant, polyphenols, phenolic compounds, biologic activity, antioxidant, immunostimulatory, antimutagenic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antitumoral. This paper intends to highlight the fact that the polyphenolic extracts obtained from the bark of woody vascular plants represent sources of bioactive compounds with antioxidant, immunostimulatory, antimutagenic, antibacterial properties, etc. Future research directions should be directed towards identification and isolation of bioactive compounds. Consequently, biologically active compounds obtained from the bark of woody plants could be exploited on an industrial scale.
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Di Sotto, Antonella, Gabriela Mazzanti, Nijole Savickiene, Rasa Staršelskytė, Vaida Baksenskaite, Silvia Di Giacomo, and Annabella Vitalone. "Antimutagenic and antioxidant activity of a protein fraction from aerial parts ofUrtica dioica." Pharmaceutical Biology 53, no. 6 (December 4, 2014): 935–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/13880209.2014.950386.

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Lee, Sae-Byuk, Banda Cosmas, and Heui-Dong Park. "The Antimutagenic and Antioxidant Activity of Fermented Milk Supplemented with Cudrania tricuspidata Powder." Foods 9, no. 12 (November 28, 2020): 1762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9121762.

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In this study, Cudrania tricuspidata (CT) containing abundant phytochemicals, such as xanthones and flavonoids, was evaluated as an additive to fortify the functionality and organoleptic quality of fermented milk. The physicochemical, functional, and sensory properties of fermented milk supplemented with different concentrations of CT powder were investigated. Increasing amounts of CT powder elevated the malic acid concentration, increasing the total acidity and decreasing the pH of fermented milk supplemented with CT powder. The viable cell count and free sugar contents of fermented milk indicated that supplementing with CT powder improved lactic acid fermentation slightly. The color of fermented milk supplemented with CT powder was darker, redder, yellower, and more pleasing than the control fermented milk. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents of fermented milk supplemented with CT powder rose as the concentration of supplemented CT powder increased, resulting in enhanced antioxidant and antimutagenic activities. The CT powder improved the functionality of the fermented milk; still, at 2% or more, it had some unfavorable sensory properties, such as sourness, taste, and texture, which reduced the overall consumer preference. Therefore, a CT powder concentration of 0.5% or 1% may be acceptable to consumers.
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Zhang, Zhongshan, Xiaomei Wang, Chongbin Liu, and Jingfen Li. "The degradation, antioxidant and antimutagenic activity of the mucilage polysaccharide from Dioscorea opposita." Carbohydrate Polymers 150 (October 2016): 227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.05.034.

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Luiz, Tatiane Cordeiro, Luiz Henrique Rialto, Fernando Rafael De Moura, Danilo Henrique Aguiar, Marina Mariko Sugui, Rogério De Campos Bicudo, Adilson Paulo Sinhorin, and Valéria Dornelles Gindri Sinhorin. "Chemoprotective Effect of Leaf Extracts of Cecropia distachya Huber (Urticaceae) in Mice Submitted to Oxidative Stress Induced by Cyclophosphamide." Fronteiras: Journal of Social, Technological and Environmental Science 9, no. 2 (August 31, 2020): 103–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.21664/2238-8869.2020v9i2.p103-127.

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The objective of this work was to evaluate the chemoprotective effects of the embaúba Cecropia distachya Huber (two methanolic fractions: F1 and F2) on oxidative stress induced by cyclophosphamide (75 mg kg-1) in mice, as well as phytochemical analyzes by LC-MS/MS. In the experimental model, the fractions increased the hepatic and cardiac catalase (CAT), reduced glutathione (GSH) of the kidney and the heart. F1 increased platelet levels (PLT), hemogram (RBC), hematocrit (HCT) and hemoglobin (Hb) and F1 reduced hepatic lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity increased. F1 was attributed to possible hypoglycemic activity and possible immunosuppressive effects and F2 presented antimutagenic activity. In some cases, the fractions were also hepatotoxic. These results demonstrated that the fractions stimulate the antioxidant defenses, being hypoglycemic (F1) and antimutagenic (F2), and, the harmful effects attributed to the fractions may be the association of compounds that were not elucidated in this work.
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Călinoiu, Lavinia, and Dan Vodnar. "Thermal Processing for the Release of Phenolic Compounds from Wheat and Oat Bran." Biomolecules 10, no. 1 (December 22, 2019): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10010021.

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The aim of the present paper was to identify the major polyphenolic compounds and investigate the antioxidant, antimutagenic, and antimicrobial activities of industrially-derived cereal byproducts—wheat bran (WB) and oat bran (OB)—before (fresh) and after thermal processing (TP) (10 min, 80 °C), coupled with ultrasound-asssited extraction. The results showed that the thermal process improved the total phenolic content of WB by +22.49%, and of OB with +25.84%. After the TP, the phenolic concentration showed a significant relative percentage increase in the case of WB (ferulic acid +39.18%, vanillic acid +95.68%, apigenin–glucoside +71.96%, p-coumaric acid +71.91) and of OB (avenanthramide 2c +52.17%, dihydroxybenzoic acids +38.55%). The best antioxidant capacity was registered by OBTP followed by WBTP. The strongest antimicrobial inhibition was attributed to the WBTP sample. Both thermally processed matrices had strong antimutagenic activity toward S. typhimurium TA100. This thermal processing was tested on bran based on its practical application within the food industry, considering the design of different cereal byproducts derived from functional foods and nutraceuticals.
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Singh, Harjinder, Amar Pal Singh, and Ajeet Pal Singh. "A review on kalanchoe pinnata (Crassulaceae)." Indian Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 8, no. 3 (September 15, 2021): 182–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijpp.2021.031.

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The primary goal of this study is to offer preliminary data for drug discovery research using Kalanchoe pinnata a heavenly plant that has a broad variety of active chemicals, including alkaloids, Phenols, Phenylpropanoids, Flavanoids, Triterpenoids, steroids, organic Salts. This plant was discovered to have a variety of pharmacological properties, including Antihypertensiveactivity, Hepatoprotective activity, Antimutagenic activity, Anti-ulcer activity, Uterine Contractility, Antidiabetic activity, Wound-healing activity, Antioxidant activity, Antitumour activity, Antiviral activity, Antimicrobial activity, Antileishmanial activity, Insecticidal activity, Antipyreticactivity, Antilithiatic activity, Neuropharmacological Immunosuppressive antibacterial activity, Cytotoxicity of testis. This study provides phytoconstituents and pharmacological activity of K. pinnata, a medicinal plant that may help researchers conduct more advanced qualitative research.
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Zahin, Maryam, Farrukh Aqil, and Iqbal Ahmad. "Broad spectrum antimutagenic activity of antioxidant active fraction of Punica granatum L. peel extracts." Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 703, no. 2 (December 2010): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2010.08.001.

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Rodríguez-Muñoz, Eustolia, Gilberto Herrera-Ruiz, Gustavo Pedraza-Aboytes, and Guadalupe Loarca-Piña. "Antioxidant Capacity and Antimutagenic Activity of Natural Oleoresin from Greenhouse Grown Tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum)." Plant Foods for Human Nutrition 64, no. 1 (November 20, 2008): 46–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11130-008-0099-3.

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Paschin, Yu V., L. M. Bakhitova, and T. I. Benthen. "Increased antimutagenic activity of simple substituted phenols mixed with the hindered phenolic antioxidant dibunol." Food and Chemical Toxicology 24, no. 8 (August 1986): 881–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0278-6915(86)90081-5.

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Satish, A., R. Punith Kumar, D. Rakshith, S. Satish, and Faiyaz Ahmed. "Antimutagenic and antioxidant activity of Ficus benghalensis stem bark and Moringa oleifera root extract." International Journal of Chemical and Analytical Science 4, no. 2 (June 2013): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcas.2013.03.008.

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Düsman, Elisângela, Igor Vivian de Almeida, Ana Carolina Coelho, Thiago José Balbi, Lilian Tatiani Düsman Tonin, and Veronica Elisa Pimenta Vicentini. "Antimutagenic Effect of Medicinal PlantsAchillea millefoliumandBauhinia forficata In Vivo." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/893050.

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The investigation of traditionally used medicinal plants is valuable both as a source of potential chemotherapeutic drugs and as a measure of safety for the continued use of these medicinal plants.Achillea millefoliumL. (AM) is an ancient remedial herb native to Europe that is used to treat wounds, gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary disorders, inflammation, headaches, and pain.Bauhinia forficataLink (BF), an Asiatic plant, is one of the most commonly used plants in folk medicine against diabetes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic and antimutagenic potential of aqueous extracts of AM and BF on bone marrow cells of Wistar rats treatedin vivo. These plant extracts possess considerable antioxidant activity due to the presence of flavonoids and phenolic compounds. These compounds were determinants to noncytotoxic and antimutagenic/protective action of these plants, that reduced statistically the percentage of chromosomal alterations induced by the chemotherapeutic agent cyclophosphamide in simultaneous (AM, 68%; BF, 91%), pre- (AM, 68%; BF, 71%), and post-treatment (AM, 67%; BF, 95%). Therefore, the results of this study indicate that extracts ofA. millefoliumandB. forficatahave antimutagenic potential and that their consumption can benefit the health of those using them as an alternative therapy.
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Biswas, Jaydip, Dona Sinha, Sutapa Mukherjee, Soumi Roy, Maqsood Siddiqi, and Madhumita Roy. "Curcumin protects DNA damage in a chronically arsenic-exposed population of West Bengal." Human & Experimental Toxicology 29, no. 6 (January 7, 2010): 513–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0960327109359020.

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Groundwater arsenic contamination has been a health hazard for West Bengal, India. Oxidative stress to DNA is recognized as an underlying mechanism of arsenic carcinogenicity. A phytochemical, curcumin, from turmeric appears to be potent antioxidant and antimutagenic agent. DNA damage prevention with curcumin could be an effective strategy to combat arsenic toxicity. This field trial in Chakdah block of West Bengal evaluated the role of curcumin against the genotoxic effects of arsenic. DNA damage in human lymphocytes was assessed by comet assay and fluorescence-activated DNA unwinding assay. Curcumin was analyzed in blood by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Arsenic induced oxidative stress and elucidation of the antagonistic role of curcumin was done by observation on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl. Antioxidant enzymes like catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione reductase, glutathioneS-transferase, glutathione peroxidase and non-enzymatic glutathione were also analyzed. The blood samples of the endemic regions showed severe DNA damage with increased levels of ROS and lipid peroxidation. The antioxidants were found with depleted activity. Three months curcumin intervention reduced the DNA damage, retarded ROS generation and lipid peroxidation and raised the level of antioxidant activity. Thus curcumin may have some protective role against the DNA damage caused by arsenic.
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Skenderidis, Prodromos, Efthalia Kerasioti, Eleftheria Karkanta, Dimitrios Stagos, Demetrios Kouretas, Konstantinos Petrotos, Christos Hadjichristodoulou, and Andreas Tsakalof. "Assessment of the antioxidant and antimutagenic activity of extracts from goji berry of Greek cultivation." Toxicology Reports 5 (2018): 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2018.02.001.

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Aparecida Paiva, Franciny, Larissa de Freitas Bonomo, Patrícia Ferreira Boasquivis, Igor Thadeu Borges Raposo de Paula, Joyce Ferreira da Costa Guerra, Wagney Mendes Leal, Marcelo Eustáquio Silva, Maria Lúcia Pedrosa, and Riva de Paula Oliveira. "Carqueja (Baccharis trimera) Protects against Oxidative Stress andβ-Amyloid-Induced Toxicity inCaenorhabditis elegans." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2015 (2015): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/740162.

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Carqueja (Baccharis trimera) is a native plant found throughout South America. Several studies have shown that Carqueja has antioxidant activityin vitro, as well as anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, analgesic, antihepatotoxic, and antimutagenic properties. However, studies regarding its antioxidant potentialin vivoare limited. In this study, we usedCaenorhabditis elegansas a model to examine the antioxidant effects of a Carqueja hydroalcoholic extract (CHE) on stress resistance and lifespan and to investigate whether CHE has a protective effect in aC. elegansmodel for Alzheimer's disease. Here, we show for the first time, usingin vivoassays, that CHE treatment improved oxidative stress resistance by increasing survival rate and by reducing ROS levels under oxidative stress conditions independently of the stress-related signaling pathways (p38, JNK, and ERK) and transcription factors (SKN-1/Nrf and DAF-16/Foxo) tested here. CHE treatment also increased the defenses againstβ-amyloid toxicity inC. elegans, in part by increasing proteasome activity and the expression of two heat shock protein genes. Our findings suggest a potential neuroprotective use for Carqueja, supporting the idea that dietary antioxidants are a promising approach to boost the defensive systems against stress and neurodegeneration.
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Kouka, Paraskevi, Grigoria Tsakiri, Dimitra Tzortzi, Sofia Dimopoulou, Georgia Sarikaki, Panagiotis Stathopoulos, Aristidis S. Veskoukis, Maria Halabalaki, Alexios-Leandros Skaltsounis, and Demetrios Kouretas. "The Polyphenolic Composition of Extracts Derived from Different Greek Extra Virgin Olive Oils Is Correlated with Their Antioxidant Potency." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2019 (March 20, 2019): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/1870965.

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Olive oil possesses a predominant role in the diet of countries around the Mediterranean basin, whereas it is a known constituent of several sectors of human culture. The polyphenolic composition of olive oil seems to be a key factor in its beneficial biological properties. Based on the above, the aim of this study was to correlate the polyphenolic composition of five extracts derived from a Greek olive oil variety with their antioxidant potency and antimutagenic activities in vitro with chemical-based techniques and cell culture-based assays. According to the results obtained, the polyphenol samples with higher concentration of hydroxytyrosol (HT) were more potent in antioxidant and antimutagenic activity in vitro, as indicated by their ability to scavenge ABTS⋅+ radical and to protect the strand of plasmid DNA from free radical-induced breaking compared to the corresponding samples with higher levels of tyrosol (T) and its derivatives. However, this observation was not evident in the cell culture model (i.e., the HeLa cervical cancer cell line) to which the tested extracts were administered. Specifically, the T-rich extracts more effectively increased endogenous GSH levels measured by flow cytometry than did the HT-rich compounds. Also, olive oil compounds contributed variously to the expression of genes implicated in the cell antioxidant machinery, as indicated by quantitative PCR. Therefore, the relationship between structure and function in redox regulation is complex and merits the combination of tests. Given that factors like the production and storage regimen of the plants are major determinants of the composition of the generated extracts, we propose that specific conditions should be adopted in order to achieve their maximum biological activity. These results followed by others in the same direction could provide a solid basis for the production of functional foods enriched in olive oil extracts with potential antioxidant action in vivo.
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Šmerák, P., H. Šestáková, Z. Polívková, R. Štětina, M. Langová, BártaI, B. Turek, and J. Bártová. "Antimutagenic effect of epigallocatechin gallate and its effect on the immune response in mice." Czech Journal of Food Sciences 24, No. 4 (November 12, 2011): 180–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3315-cjfs.

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Green tea is the second-most consumed beverage in the world (water is the first one) and has been used medicinally for centuries in Indiaand China. The active substances in the green tea are polyphenols (catechins) and flavonols which possess a potent antioxidant activity. Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) is one of the four major green tea catechins. Using the Ames test, micronucleus test, comet assay, chemiluminescence test, and blastic transformation test, we examined the antimutagenic effects of chemoprotective substance epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) in the pure form on the mutagenicity induced by three reference mutagens: aflatoxin B<sub>1</sub> (AFB<sub>1</sub>), 2-amino-3-methylimidazo [4,5-f] qui-noline (IQ), and N-nitroso-N-methylurea (MNU), and the effect of EGCG on the immunosuppression caused by these mutagens. Using the Ames test the dose dependent antimutagenic activity of EGCG was proved against indirect mutagens AFB<sub>1</sub> and IQ, but not against the direct mutagen MNU. In the micronucleus test, EGCG had antimutagenic effect upon all three mutagens. EGCG decreased the level of DNA breaks induced by AFB<sub>1</sub> in bone marrow cells and colon epithelium, and the level of DNA breaks induced by MNU in colon cells to the level found in control. The reparatory effect of EGCG on immunosupression induced by all three carcinogenic compounds was proved using chemiluminescence and blastic trasformation tests. &nbsp;
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43

Zahin, Maryam, Iqbal Ahmad, Ramesh C. Gupta, and Farrukh Aqil. "Punicalagin and Ellagic Acid Demonstrate Antimutagenic Activity and Inhibition of Benzo[a]pyrene Induced DNA Adducts." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/467465.

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Punicalagin (PC) is an ellagitannin found in the fruit peel ofPunica granatum. We have demonstrated antioxidant and antigenotoxic properties ofPunica granatumand showed that PC and ellagic acid (EA) are its major constituents. In this study, we demonstrate the antimutagenic potential, inhibition of BP-induced DNA damage, and antiproliferative activity of PC and EA. Incubation of BP with rat liver microsomes, appropriate cofactors, and DNA in the presence of vehicle or PC and EA showed significant inhibition of the resultant DNA adducts, with essentially complete inhibition (97%) at 40 μM by PC and 77% inhibition by EA. Antimutagenicity was tested by Ames test. PC and EA dose-dependently and markedly antagonized the effect of tested mutagens, sodium azide, methyl methanesulfonate, benzo[a]pyrene, and 2-aminoflourine, with maximum inhibition of mutagenicity up to 90 percent. Almost all the doses tested (50–500 μM) exhibited significant antimutagenicity. A profound antiproliferative effect on human lung cancer cells was also shown with PC and EA. Together, our data show that PC and EA are pomegranate bioactives responsible for inhibition of BP-induced DNA adducts and strong antimutagenic, antiproliferative activities. However, these compounds are to be evaluated in suitable animal model to assess their therapeutic efficacy against cancer.
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Tekos, Fotios, Sotiria Makri, Zoi-Vasiliki Skaperda, Anastasia Patouna, Kallirroi Terizi, Ioannis D. Kyriazis, Yorgos Kotseridis, et al. "Assessment of Antioxidant and Antimutagenic Properties of Red and White Wine Extracts In Vitro." Metabolites 11, no. 7 (July 2, 2021): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo11070436.

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Wine is an alcoholic beverage of complex composition obtained through the fermentation of grape must. The consumption of wine has already been associated with a multitude of beneficial effects due to its high polyphenolic content. In this study, four Greek emblematic wines from two red (i.e., Xinomavro and Agiorgitiko) and two white (i.e., Assyrtiko and Malagouzia) varieties were analyzed for the estimation of their antioxidant profiles. To address this question, we assessed their ability to scavenge both synthetic and endogenous free radicals, such as DPPH•, ABTS+•, OH•, O2−, their potential reducing power, and their antimutagenic and antigenotoxic properties. All varieties exhibited potent antioxidant activity, as indicated by the results of methods above, with the red wines appearing more effective than the white ones regarding antioxidant capacity. Our small-scale study is the first to reveal that these wine varieties may have the ability to scavenge the most reactive endogenous radicals. In the future, this finding must be accompanied by larger studies to fill a knowledge gap in the scientific literature concerning a holistic approach of the in vitro antioxidant action of plant polyphenolic compounds. Conclusively, we believe that wines possess high bioactivity that allow them to settle in the industry of food additives and medicinal products.
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Križková, Lívia, Ingrid Žitňanová, Danica Mislovičová, Jana Masárová, Vlasta Sasinková, Zdenka Ďuračková, and Juraj Krajčovič. "Antioxidant and antimutagenic activity of mannan neoglycoconjugates: Mannan–human serum albumine and mannan–penicillin G acylase." Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis 606, no. 1-2 (July 2006): 72–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mrgentox.2006.03.003.

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46

Osuna-Ruíz, I., J. A. Salazar-Leyva, C. M. López-Saiz, A. Burgos-Hernández, E. Hernández-Garibay, J. Lizardi-Mendoza, and M. A. Hurtado-Oliva. "Enhancing antioxidant and antimutagenic activity of the green seaweed Rhizoclonium riparium by bioassay-guided solvent partitioning." Journal of Applied Phycology 31, no. 6 (August 12, 2019): 3871–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10811-019-01886-7.

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Ștefănescu, Bianca-Eugenia, Lavinia Florina Călinoiu, Floricuța Ranga, Florinela Fetea, Andrei Mocan, Dan Cristian Vodnar, and Gianina Crișan. "Chemical Composition and Biological Activities of the Nord-West Romanian Wild Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and Lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) Leaves." Antioxidants 9, no. 6 (June 5, 2020): 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9060495.

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This study was performed to evaluate and compare the in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antimutagenic activities, and the polyphenolic content of the Nord-West Romanian wild bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) and lingonberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.) leaves from three different natural habitats (Smida, Turda, Borsa). In the case of both species, the flavanols level was higher in Smida habitat (altitude 1100 m), whereas quercetin derivates were more abundant in Borsa habitat (altitude 850 m). The bilberry leaf extracts contained in the highest amounts the feruloylquinic acid (59.65 ± 0.44 mg/g for Borsa habitat) and rutin (49.83 ± 0.63 mg/g for Borsa habitat), and showed relevant 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) antioxidant activity (271.65 mM Trolox/100 g plant material for Borsa habitat, 262.77 mM Trolox/100 g plant material for Smida habitat, and 320.83 mM Trolox/100 g plant material for Turda habitat), for all the three extracts. Gallocatechin was the dominant flavanol in lingonberry species, with the highest amount being registered for Smida habitat (46.81 ± 0.3 mg/g), revealing a DPPH antioxidant activity of 251.49 mM Trolox/100 g plant material. The results obtained in the antimicrobial tests showed that the best inhibitory effect among bilberry species was attributed to the Turda (altitude 436 m) and Smida locations, against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial strains. For lingonberry, the differences in habitat did not influence the antibacterial effect, but the antifungal effect, only in the case of Candida zeylanoides. A strong antimutagenic effect was registered by the bilberry leaves toward Salmonella typhimurium TA100. Our study may be able to provide a better understanding of the correlation between natural habitat conditions and the accumulation of secondary metabolites and their related bioactivities in studied leaves.
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Wikandari*, Prima Retno, Lenny Yuanita, Nuniek Herdyastuti, Herman Joseph Bimo, Renita Eka Juniariani, and Farindya Dwi Cahyaningtyas. "Antioxidant Properties of Single Garlic (Allium sativum) Pickle." Digital Press Life Sciences 2 (2020): 00006. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/digitalpress.22333.

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Single garlic is a type of garlic that has a single clove, also known as single clove garlic, monobulb garlic or single bulb garlic. Traditionally, single garlic was used as medicinal based on its properties as antimicrobial, antiprotozoal, antimutagenic, antiplatelet, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant. The Alliin substance was presumably as an antioxidant, but it was changed easily to unstable allicin caused by Alliinase enzyme activity which is increased when garlic was chopped, crushed or processed. The change of Alliin to allicin will reduce the antioxidant activity of single garlic. A treatment that reduces the Alliinase activity will retain the Alliin substance and the antioxidant capacity could be maintained. The fermentation process will give a low pH as the result of carbohydrate metabolism in a fermentation medium, and reduce the alliinase activity. The aims of this research were to evaluate the growth of Lactobacillus plantarum B1765 as a starter culture in single garlic, pH and the effect of fermentation time process (3, 6 and 9 days)to antioxidant activity on single garlic pickle. The growth of L.plantarum B1765 was measured as Total Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) by Total Plate Count (TPC) using the MRS medium, and antioxidant activity was determined using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging methods, expressed as inhibition activity (%). Fermentation process along 9 days showed that&nbsp; L.plantarum B1765 growth on single garlic pickles for 1 log cycles from 106 CFU/mL to 107 CFU/mL, pH reduces from 5.6 to 4.4, closely related to increasing of TAT&nbsp; from 0.16 % to 0.28%. The fermentation process also showed an increase in the inhibition activity along the fermentation process from 10,67% to 11.17% and showed a higher inhibition than control (3.88%- 7.39%). Single pickled garlic can be potentially developed as natural antioxidant health food.
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49

Brinza, Ion, Razvan Stefan Boiangiu, Monica Hancianu, Oana Cioanca, Ilkay Erdogan Orhan, and Lucian Hritcu. "Bay Leaf (Laurus Nobilis L.) Incense Improved Scopolamine-Induced Amnesic Rats by Restoring Cholinergic Dysfunction and Brain Antioxidant Status." Antioxidants 10, no. 2 (February 8, 2021): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox10020259.

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Bay leaf (Laurus nobilis L.) has been shown to possesses various biological activities such as wound healing activity, antioxidant activity, antibacterial activity, antiviral activity, immunostimulant activity, anticholinergic activity, antifungal activity, insect repellant activity, anticonvulsant activity, antimutagenic activity, and analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity. The present study aimed to investigate whether the bay leaf incense (BL) elicits the memory formation via the action on the cholinergic system using a scopolamine (Sco)-induced rat model. Rats were exposed to BL over 5 min in a smoking chamber apparatus once daily for 22 days, whereas memory impairment was induced by Sco (0.7 mg/kg), a muscarinic receptor antagonist, delivered 30 min before each behavioral test. The phytochemical composition of BL was achieved by gas chromatograph–mass spectrometry (GCMS). Behavioral effects in rats were assessed by Y-maze, radial arm maze (RAM), and novel object recognition (NOR) paradigms. Additionally, the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and the oxidative stress markers in the rat hippocampus were also evaluated. Exposure to BL significantly ameliorated Sco-induced cognitive impairment and oxidative stress in the rat hippocampus. The obtained results suggested that BL-induced ameliorative cognitive effects are mediated by enhancement of the cholinergic system and antioxidant activities.
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50

Leonova, Elina, Evita Rostoka, Sylvie Sauvaigo, Larisa Baumane, Turs Selga, and Nikolajs Sjakste. "Study of interaction of antimutagenic 1,4-dihydropyridine AV-153-Na with DNA-damaging molecules and its impact on DNA repair activity." PeerJ 6 (April 25, 2018): e4609. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4609.

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Background1,4-dihydropyridines (1,4-DHP) possesses important biochemical and pharmacological properties, including antioxidant and antimutagenic activities. It was shown that the antimutagenic 1,4-dihydropyridine AV-153-Na interacts with DNA. The aim of the current study was to test the capability of the compound to scavenge peroxynitrite and hydroxyl radical, to test intracellular distribution of the compound, and to assess the ability of the compound to modify the activity of DNA repair enzymes and to protect the DNA in living cells against peroxynitrite-induced damage.MethodsPeroxynitrite decomposition was assayed by UV spectroscopy, hydroxyl radical scavenging—by EPR spectroscopy. DNA breakage was determined by the “comet method”, activity of DNA repair enzymes—using Glyco-SPOT and ExSy-SPOT assays. Intracellular distribution of the compound was studied by laser confocal scanning fluorescence microscopy. Fluorescence spectroscopy titration and circular dichroism spectroscopy were used to study interactions of the compound with human serum albumin.ResultsSome ability to scavenge hydroxyl radical by AV-153-Na was detected by the EPR method, but it turned out to be incapable of reacting chemically with peroxynitrite. However, AV-153-Na effectively decreased DNA damage produced by peroxynitrite in cultured HeLa cells. The Glyco-SPOT test essentially revealed an inhibition by AV-153-Na of the enzymes involved thymine glycol repair. Results with ExSy-SPOT chip indicate that AV-153-Na significantly stimulates excision/synthesis repair of 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), abasic sites (AP sites) and alkylated bases. Laser confocal scanning fluorescence microscopy demonstrated that within the cells AV-153-Na was found mostly in the cytoplasm; however, a stain in nucleolus was also detected. Binding to cytoplasmic structures might occur due to high affinity of the compound to proteins revealed by spectroscopical methods.DiscussionActivation of DNA repair enzymes after binding to DNA appears to be the basis for the antimutagenic effects of AV-153-Na.
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