Relevant bibliographies by topics / Antioxidant defense systems

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Antioxidant defense systems'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 24 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Antioxidant defense systems"

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Thiele, Jens J., Frank Dreher, and Lester Packer. "Antioxidant defense systems in skin." Journal of Toxicology: Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology 21, no. 1-2 (2002): 119–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/cus-120004330.

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Meda, Srikala, Sharda Singh, Philip Palade, Sahil Tonk, and Sanjay Awasthi. "Oxidative stress in intensive care unit patients: a review of glutathione linked metabolism and lipid peroxidation." Southwest Respiratory and Critical Care Chronicles 7, no. 27 (2019): 7–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.12746/swrccc.v7i27.511.

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Despite clear evidence of increased oxidative stress in the blood and tissues of critically ill intensive care unit patients, consistent beneficial effects of many different antioxidants have not been observed, and antioxidant therapy has not yet translated into widely accepted clinical practice. The reasons for this are unclear, likely rooted in the complex and context dependent free radical behavior of antioxidants interacting with the process of lipid peroxidation. Control of lipid peroxidation is a crucial requirement for the beneficial effects of antioxidants, but the interactions of biological antioxidant defenses with the potentially harmful free radical behavior of pharmacological antioxidants complicates the dose and selection of the optimal antioxidants. Glutathione, the primary small molecule antioxidant in biological systems, is the primary enzymatic oxidative stress defense that operates in the context of glutathione-linked antioxidant enzymes to metabolize many harmful products of lipid peroxidation to mercapturic acids. Recently, the mercapturic acid transporter protein, RLIP76 (human RALBP1 gene), has been shown to have a critical role in glutathione linked oxidative stress defenses. These findings provide a rationale for new approaches towards selection and dosing of antioxidant to improve their clinical benefit.
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Wu, Jing Qin, Thomas R. Kosten, and Xiang Yang Zhang. "Free radicals, antioxidant defense systems, and schizophrenia." Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 46 (October 2013): 200–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.02.015.

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Akisü, Mete, Deniz Yilmaz, Sevgi Tüzün, and Nilgün Kültürsay. "Antioxidant defense systems in newborns undergoing phototherapy." Indian Journal of Pediatrics 66, no. 5 (1999): 651–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02726243.

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Raza, Muhammad Asim, Malka Samra Malik, Muhammad Azam, and Muhammad Azam. "Impact of Natural Antioxidants on Biological Systems." Lahore Garrison University Journal of Life Sciences 4, no. 02 (2020): 139–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.54692/lgujls.2019.0402105.

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ABSTRACT:Free radicals are the unstable electron-deficient species that reacts with different molecules to gain stability and to eliminate their unpaired condition. Antioxidant molecules neutralizes the free radicals by donating their electrons and inhibits the unwanted oxidative reactions in biological system. The imbalance between antioxidants and free radicals generated oxidative stress which leads to severe impairment of the biological systems. The purpose of the present review is to highlight the beneficial role of naturally occurring antioxidant systems in minimizing the damage and maintaining the homeostasis in the biological system. Enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants are the major classes of natural antioxidants which executes diverse functions in the biological system to provide defense against the destructive accumulating effects of ROS/RNS. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) are responsible for providing first line of defense to thebiological system, by converting the superoxide anion radical (O oˉ) into hydrogen 2 peroxide (H O ) which eventually converted into water and oxygen. Non-enzymatic 2 2 antioxidants either endogenous or exogenous provides numerous crucial mechanisms to quench the ROS/RNS in the biological system. Endogenous antioxidants inhibits lipid peroxidation in the cellular membranes while the exogenous antioxidants acts as chain breakers and terminates the oxidative chain reaction. It is significant to sustain the level of exogenous antioxidants in the body through diet so that the normal biological processes can be maintained at optimal levels.
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Gao, Yan, Xuan Dong, Rongjin Wang, et al. "Exogenous Calcium Alleviates Oxidative Stress Caused by Salt Stress in Peanut Seedling Roots by Regulating the Antioxidant Enzyme System and Flavonoid Biosynthesis." Antioxidants 13, no. 2 (2024): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox13020233.

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Soil salinity is one of the adversity stresses plants face, and antioxidant defense mechanisms play an essential role in plant resistance. We investigated the effects of exogenous calcium on the antioxidant defense system in peanut seedling roots that are under salt stress by using indices including the transcriptome and absolute quantitative metabolome of flavonoids. Under salt stress conditions, the antioxidant defense capacity of enzymatic systems was weakened and the antioxidant capacity of the linked AsA-GSH cycle was effectively inhibited. In contrast, the ascorbate biosynthesis pathway and its upstream glycolysis metabolism pathway became active, which stimulated shikimate biosynthesis and the downstream phenylpropanoid metabolism pathway, resulting in an increased accumulation of flavonoids, which, as one of the antioxidants in the non-enzymatic system, provide hydroxyl radicals to scavenge the excess reactive oxygen species and maintain the plant’s vital activities. However, the addition of exogenous calcium caused changes in the antioxidant defense system in the peanut root system. The activity of antioxidant enzymes and the antioxidant capacity of the AsA-GSH cycle were enhanced. Therefore, glycolysis and phenylpropanoid metabolism do not exert antioxidant function, and flavonoids were no longer synthesized. In addition, antioxidant enzymes and the AsA-GSH cycle showed a trade-off relationship with sugars and flavonoids.
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Badwan, Sami, Elizabeth Bailey, and James M. Harper. "Do Antioxidants Extend Longevity in Invertebrate and Vertebrate Animals?" OBM Geriatrics 07, no. 01 (2023): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21926/obm.geriatr.2301226.

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In the 1950’s Denham Harman proposed the Free Radical Theory of Aging whereby species lifespan and individual longevities are the consequence of free radical driven damage to biomolecules. This led to decades of research to ascertain the effect of altered antioxidant defense systems on aging and mortality in an array of species using reverse genetics and dietary manipulation. Within invertebrates, the data generally support the Free Radical Theory in that overexpression of antioxidant enzymes or dietary supplementation with antioxidant compounds increases longevity and resistance to oxidative damage. Likewise, genetic knockdown of antioxidant defenses generally shortens longevity within invertebrates. On the other hand, for endothermic vertebrates (i.e., birds and mammals) the results have been equivocal. Downregulation of antioxidant enzymes typically results in an increased oxidative burden, but without an appreciable effect on longevity, while dietary supplementation with antioxidants has little-to-no effect, at least at the concentrations used. Upregulation of antioxidant enzyme genes also fails to increase longevity in vertebrates most of the time. Interestingly, manipulating antioxidant defenses in fishes increases longevity in conjunction with reduced oxidative damage akin to what is seen in invertebrates. Since invertebrates and fishes are both exothermic this raises the possibility that the evolution of endothermy interferes with the ability of antioxidants to slow the aging process.
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Hollander, J., M. Gore, R. Fiebig, et al. "Spaceflight Downregulates Antioxidant Defense Systems in Rat Liver." Free Radical Biology and Medicine 24, no. 2 (1998): 385–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0891-5849(97)00278-5.

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Missirlis, Fanis, John P. Phillips, and Herbert Jäckle. "Cooperative action of antioxidant defense systems in Drosophila." Current Biology 11, no. 16 (2001): 1272–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0960-9822(01)00393-1.

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Vo, T. K. O., C. Druez, N. Delzenne, H. S. Taper, and M. Roberfroid. "Analysis of antioxidant defense systems during rat heptacarcinogenesis." Carcinogenesis 9, no. 11 (1988): 2009–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/carcin/9.11.2009.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Antioxidant defense systems"

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Xu, Chenping. "The effects of solar ultraviolet-B on the proteome and antioxidant defense systems in soybean leaves." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/6762.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2007.<br>Thesis research directed by: Natural Resource Sciences. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Cicerali, Isin Nur. "Effect Of Salt Stress On Antioxidant Defense Systems Of Sensitive And Resistant Cultivars Of Lentil (lens Culinaris M.)." Master's thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12605248/index.pdf.

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ABSTRACT EFFECT OF SALT STRESS ON ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE SYSTEMS OF SENSITIVE AND RESISTANT CULTIVARS OF LENTIL Cicerali, Iin Nur M.Sc., Department of Biotechnology Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Meral Y&uuml<br>cel Co-supervisor: Asst. Prof. Dr. F&uuml<br>sun (nci) Eyidoan June 2004, 90 pages In this study, two lentil cultivars (Lens culinaris, Medik.) (ILL5582-salt tolerant and ILL590) were characterized and compared due to their NaCl susceptibility and antioxidant mechanism was examined under laboratory conditions. Physiological parameters such as wet-dry weight, root-shoot lengths, cell membrane stability, lipid peroxidation in terms of malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2, proline contents were determined. The activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD: EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT: EC 1.11.1.6), ascorbate peroxidase (APX: EC 1.11.1.11) and glutathione reductase (GR: EC 1.6.4.2) were examined and analyzed in 14 days old plant seedlings after 9 days of normal growth and 5 days of 100mM and 200mM NaCl stress conditions. Shoot-root length and wet-dry weight percent decrease were more in ILL590. Especially shoot tissues were affected more from the stress conditions when compared to root tissues. ii According to malondialdehyde (MDA) content and membrane stability results, lipid peoxidation was higher in ILL590 and significant increases were observed in shoot tissues. Proline concentration showed a remarkable increase in salt concentration dependent manner. Higher concentrations of proline in ILL5582 might be the reason of higher salt tolerance when compared to ILL590. Among the antioxidant enzymes SOD was the one which showed highest activity increase. At organ level roots showed highest activity when compared to leaves. In the organelle higher activity percent contribution was achieved by cytosolic Cu/ZnSOD isozyme. Higher percent increase of this isozyme was observed in ILL5582. This might be one of the tolerance mechanisms that get activated against NaCl stress. APX activity showed similar alterations in both cultivars. In leaf tissues significant increase was observed but in root tissues ascorbate peroxidase activity did not change significantly. Glutathione Reductase activity increase was significant in both cultivars leaf tissues but although ILL5582 showed a stress concentration dependent increase, ILL590 did not. The activity of CAT enzyme in leaf and root tissues of both cultivars did not significantly change under increasing salt stress conditions. The results suggested that the leaves were more susceptible to salt stress. Also when two cultivars were compared ILL5582 was found to be more tolerant against salt stress than ILL590 under laboratory conditions and SOD enzyme seemed to be the most active component of the salt tolerant mechanism.
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Bond, Jennifer M. "Investigations on antioxidant defence proteins and peptides." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.278723.

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Bender, Holly S. "The actions of gossypol on the physiologic antioxidant defense system." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/82901.

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Gossypol , a yellow polyphenolic pigment found in cottonseeds, is known to promote the production of reactive species of oxygen in vitro, and has toxic actions on spermatogenic epithelium, hepatocytes and cardiac myocytes in vivo. Species vary in tissue sensitivity to the toxic effects of gossypol. The spermatogenic epithelium is the most sensitive tissue to gossypol in rats, followed by the liver. Toxic effects to the rat heart are found only after prolonged administration of gossypol. The antioxidant defense system that protects cells from injury by reactive species of oxygen was examined in the present study to determine a possible pathogenesis for gossypol associated tissue damage. The concentrations of several hepatic antioxidants including catalase, glutathione peroxidase, ascorbate and copper-zinc superoxide dismutase were decreased in gossypol treated rats. Catalase, glutathione peroxidase, ascorbate and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase were decreased in the testis. In contrast, antioxidants including catalase and glutathione reductase were increased in the hearts of gossypol treated rats. The selective inhibition of testis and hepatic antioxidants may account for the greater sensitivity of these organs to reactive oxygen species generated by gossypol. The rat heart may adapt to oxidative insult by inducing the production of antioxidants. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity was decreased in the testis but not liver or heart of gossypol treated rats. This important enzyme is known to produce NADPH reducing equivalents for testosterone biosynthesis and the glutathione antioxidant system. In the present study, micromolar concentrations of gossypol inhibited glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in a competitive manner with respect to glucose-6-phosphate. This may explain the degeneration of spermatogenic epithelium as well as decreases in serum testosterone concentrations in gossypol treated rats. Gossypol is known to cause infertility in women and female rats. The present study found irregularities in the estrous cycles and ultrastructural changes in endometrial macula adherentes of gossypol treated female rats.<br>Ph. D.
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Carville, David Gerald Michael. "The effect of copper status on blood antioxidant defence enzymes." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328211.

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Kunikowska, Grazyna Maria. "Alterations of antioxidant enzymes following manipulations of basal ganglia : relevance to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313737.

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Rodrigues, Patrícia Marques. "Nevirapine in an animal model of pre-diabetes: study of drug pharmacokinetic and its effects on fasting glycemia and insulin resistance." Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/11103.

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Dissertação para obtenção do Grau de Mestre em Biotecnologia<br>The increased incidence of type II diabetes has emerged as a major concern in controlled human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)infection. There is a general lack of data to support the best combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) option to treat HIV-patients with pre-diabetes and nevirapine has been described has a glucose-friendly antiretroviral. On the other hand, it is known that diabetes could influence the pharmacokinetics of several drugs. This aspect is particularly relevant for drugs with narrow therapeutic window, which is the case of nevirapine. To understand if nevirapine is a good choice for pre-diabetic HIV-patients, the effect of insulin resistance in NVP pharmacokinetics as well as the effect of nevirapine on insulin resistance, fasting glycemia and mean arterial pressure was evaluated. Moreover, nevirapine effect on thiols content, an endogenous antioxidant defence system, was also evaluated. To achieve the main goal four groups of female Wistar rat were used: a control group, a control group treated with nevirapine, an insulin resistant group and an insulin resistant group treated with nevirapine. An influence of a pre-diabetic status on nevirapine pharmacokinetic was found. Nevirapine and its phase I metabolites presented changes in disposition and the metabolite profile pattern was changed. Moreover, nevirapine, in a pre-diabetic perspective, is associated with a beneficial effect on fasting glycemia, while it has no effect on sensitivity to insulin or in arterial pressure. Furthermore, nevirapine is associated with a lower degradation of total glutathione. Nevirapine might be a good option for HIV-infected patients at higher risk of develop diabetes or in pre-diabetic condition. Moreover, while further studies are necessary to consolidate this issue, nevirapine might be less toxic in pre-diabetes. Although, the decreased bioavailability of nevirapine in pre-diabetes requires special attention, as an adjustment of nevirapine dose might be required in this subpopulation.<br>Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology - PTDC/QUI-QUI/113910/2009, PTDC/SAU-ORG/111417/2009
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Murphy, Kelsey E. "BBB-bypassing polysaccharide mini-GAGR activates the neuronal Nrf2- mediated antioxidant defense system for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1576192220098119.

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Ercan, Oya. "Effect Of Drought And Salt Stresses On Antioxidant Defense System And Physiology Of Lentil (lens Culinaris M.) Seedlings." Master's thesis, METU, 2008. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12609250/index.pdf.

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In this study, 14 days old lentil seedlings (Lens culinaris Medik cv. Sultan), which were subjected to 7 days of drought (20% PEG 6000), and salt (150 mM NaCl ) stress , were examined in a comparative manner for the effects of drought and salt stress treatments. In shoot and root tissues physiological parameters such as wet-dry weight, relative water content, root-shoot lengths, membrane electrolyte leakage, and lipid peroxidation in terms of malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined. H2O2 content, proline accumulation and chlorophyll fluorescence analysis were also performed. Changes in the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD: EC 1.15.1.1), catalase (CAT: EC 1.11.1.6) ascorbate peroxidase (APX: EC 1.11.1.11) and glutathione reductase (GR: EC 1.6.4.2) were observed upon stress treatments. In salt treated lentil seedlings, significant decreases in wet-dry weight, RWC, shoot-root length and chlorophyll fluorescence measurements indicated a sensitivity, when compared to drought treated plants. Higher MDA concentration and higher electrolyte leakage amounts are supported these results. APX, GR and proline seem to play important roles in antioxidant defense against salt stress for both tissues by removing reactive oxygen species and protecting macromolecules and membranes. GR and proline are also maintains the main protective mechanism against drought stress effects. SOD is active in drought stressed roots and salt stressed shoots, where the H2O2 contents are also observed to be increased.
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Yang, Feili Lo. "Effects of selenium status, fish oil consumption and submaximal exercise training on the selenium-related antioxidant defense system of rats /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487677267731233.

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Books on the topic "Antioxidant defense systems"

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Grune, Tilman. Oxidants and Antioxidant Defense Systems. Springer, 2005.

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Grune, Tilman. Oxidants and Antioxidant Defense Systems. Springer, 2010.

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Zilliox, Lindsay, and James W. Russell. Diabetic and Prediabetic Neuropathy. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0115.

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Impaired glucose regulation (IGR) constitutes a spectrum of impaired glucose and metabolic regulation that can result in neuropathy. Several different pathways of injury in the diabetic peripheral nervous system that include metabolic dysregulation induced by metabolic syndrome induce oxidative stress, failure of nitric oxide regulation, and dysfunction of certain key signaling pathways. Oxidative stress can directly injure both dorsal route ganglion neurons and axons. Modulation of the nitric oxide system may have detrimental effects on endothelial function and neuronal survival. Reactive oxidative species can alter mitochondrial function, protein and DNA structure, interfere with signaling pathways, and deplete antioxidant defenses. Advanced glycelation end (AGE) products and formation of ROS are activated by and in turn regulate key signal transduction pathways.
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Book chapters on the topic "Antioxidant defense systems"

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Davies, Kelvin J. A. "A Secondary Antioxidant Defense Role for Proteolytic Systems." In Oxygen Radicals in Biology and Medicine. Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5568-7_90.

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Raza, Ali, Sadam Hussain, Rida Javed, Muhammad Bilal Hafeez, and Mirza Hasanuzzaman. "Antioxidant Defense Systems and Remediation of Metal Toxicity in Plants." In Approaches to the Remediation of Inorganic Pollutants. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6221-1_6.

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Goto, Tomoko, and Masashi Takano. "Transcriptional Role of FOXO1 in Drug Resistance through Antioxidant Defense Systems." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1599-3_13.

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Soundararajan, Prabhakaran, Abinaya Manivannan, and Byoung Ryong Jeong. "Different Antioxidant Defense Systems in Halophytes and Glycophytes to Overcome Salinity Stress." In Sabkha Ecosystems. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04417-6_20.

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Cetik Yildiz, Songul. "Brain and Oxidative Stress." In Brain Biochemistry and Its Disease. Nobel Tip Kitabevleri, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69860/nobel.9786053359371.9.

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Brain tissue is more sensitive to oxidative damage due to many different properties than other tissues. So, the need for protection of brain tissue, which is more prone to oxidative damage than other tissues and organs, is greater than other tissues. Oxidative stress is brought on by a disturbance in the balance between antioxidants and free radicals, which have a scavenging effect on them in biological systems. Increased ROS causes cell damage by causing damage to cell membranes, deterioration in the structure and functions of intracellular proteins, and structural damage to DNA. Oxidative stress is responsible for the pathogenesis of many diseases, especially cancer, diabetes, neurological and cardiovascular diseases, atherosclerosis and inflammatory disorders. Brain tissue is prone to free radical damage because it produces more toxic radicals than other organs. Because the brain has a poorer antioxidant defense system and a higher oxidative metabolism than other organs, it is more vulnerable to ROS-induced damage that can lead to neuronal death. Regional differences in antioxidant system activities and variable metabolic rates in brain tissue may also cause regional accumulation of oxidative damage. In the light of this information, it is aimed to evaluate oxidative stress, the mechanism of oxidative stress formation and the mechanisms of action of oxidative stress on the brain, its effects on intracellular structures and the destruction products formed in oxidative stress with the results of biochemical studies.
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Ahmad, Iffat Zareen, Asad Ahmad, Abdul Mabood, and Heena Tabassum. "Effects of Different Metal Stresses on the Antioxidant Defense Systems of Medicinal Plants." In Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant Systems in Plants: Role and Regulation under Abiotic Stress. Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-5254-5_9.

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Scandalios, J. G. "Molecular Biology of the Antioxidant Defense Genes Encoding Catalases and Superoxide Dismutases in Maize." In Regulation of Enzymatic Systems Detoxifying Xenobiotics in Plants. Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8927-7_8.

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Rohman, Md Motiar, Md Robyul Islam, Tahia Naznin, et al. "Maize Production Under Salinity and Drought Conditions: Oxidative Stress Regulation by Antioxidant Defense and Glyoxalase Systems." In Plant Abiotic Stress Tolerance. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-06118-0_1.

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Tarfeen, Najeebul, Qadrul Nisa, Khair-Ul-Nisa, and Kaysar Kahlief. "Antioxidant Defense System in Plants Against Biotic Stress." In Antioxidant Defense in Plants. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7981-0_17.

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Ulhassan, Zaid, Ali Raza Khan, Mohamed Salah Sheteiwy, et al. "Selenium-Mediated Regulation of Antioxidant Defense System and Improved Heavy Metals Tolerance in Plants." In Antioxidant Defense in Plants. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7981-0_16.

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Conference papers on the topic "Antioxidant defense systems"

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"Way to longevity: role of antioxidant defense gene polymorphisms in successful adaptation." In Bioinformatics of Genome Regulation and Structure/ Systems Biology. institute of cytology and genetics siberian branch of the russian academy of science, Novosibirsk State University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/bgrs/sb-2020-391.

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Reznikova, D. "Antioxidant defense systems and lipid peroxidation in sideritis taurica's extract-treated diabetic rats." In Late Breaking Abstracts: – Diabetes Kongress 2017 – 52. Jahrestagung der DDG. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1603550.

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Jafarov, Elimkhan, Mehriban Velijanova, Lala Allakhverdiyeva та ін. "Functioning of antioxidant defense systems of Zea mays, the seeds of which were subjected to pre-sowing γ-irradiation in conditions of salt stress". У RAD Conference. RAD Centre, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21175/rad.sum.abstr.book.2022.25.4.

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Gheorghe, Stefania, Catalina Stoica, Vasile Ion Iancu, et al. "EFFECTS OF SULFAMETHOXAZOLE ON ANTIOXIDANT DEFENSE SYSTEM IN CYPRINUS CARPIO FISH." In International Symposium "The Environment and the Industry". National Research and Development institute for Industrial Ecology, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21698/simi.2021.ab22.

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Bin, Dr Wu, and Mr Ping Wu. "Effects of 30d Simulated Weightlessness on Antioxidant Defense System in Rat Liver." In 57th International Astronautical Congress. American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.iac-06-a1.4.04.

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Khabarova, Alina Valeryevna, Jana Anatol'evna Sotckaya, and Karim Ahmed Salamekh. "ACTIVITY OF LIPOPEROXIDATION PROCESSES IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY VIRAL INFECTIONS COMBINED WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE." In Themed collection of papers from Foreign International Scientific Conference «Modern research on the way to a new scientific revolution». by HNRI «National development» in cooperation with AFP (Puerto Cabezas, Nicaragua). November 2024. – Havana (Cuba). Crossref, 2025. https://doi.org/10.37539/241128.2024.46.80.016.

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Acute respiratory viral infections (ARVI) contribute to the development of exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is accompanied by activation of lipid peroxidation processes with the release of enzymes into the blood, causing the syndrome of endogenous ‘metabolic’ intoxication, as well as changes in the activity of enzymes of the antioxidant defence system.
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Pradedova, E. V., and R. K. Salyaev. "Effects of biotic factor on antioxidant defense system of vacuoles of red beetroot cells." In MODERN SYNTHETIC METHODOLOGIES FOR CREATING DRUGS AND FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS (MOSM2020): PROCEEDINGS OF THE IV INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE. AIP Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0068457.

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Bordean, Despina-Maria, Adrian Rivis, Simion Alda, Teodor Cristea, and Laura Radulescu. "COPPER CONTENT AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF FRUITS." In 23rd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2023. STEF92 Technology, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2023/6.1/s25.18.

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Copper has a fantastic role in the organism, indifferent if its mammalian, plant, bacteria or yeast, functioning as a cofactor in enzymes involved in various processes. In agriculture, different copper compounds are used as fungicide to protect plants from fungal diseases. In humans the role of copper is also crucial, as it is an essential trace element being involved in many processes as well as a cofactor for several enzymes involved in antioxidant defense, iron metabolism, and neurotransmitter synthesis, playing additionally a role in the immune system, helping to fight infections and inflammation. But excessive copper intake can be toxic for all organisms from plants, to humans and microorganisms. The aim of the study was to answer the question �is there any correlation between copper content and total antioxidant activity?� In order to answer to the questions, we decided to evaluate the copper content and total antioxidant capacity of some fruits cultivated in Romania. The analysis methods were: atomic absorption spectrometry for determining copper content and CUPRAC method for determining total antioxidant capacity. The experimental data were compared with the data values available in different research papers and databases. The paper also tries to answer to questions like �to what extend is copper healthy for humans?� and �do we really need to use food supplements containing copper?� The results were analyzed using MVSP and PAST programs and the results were represented graphically for a better understanding. Also, the GLM of fruits were created based on copper content (ppm) and total antioxidant capacity (?M Trolox Equivalents).
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Miringa1, Grace Ng’endo. "Yacon Based Snacks: A Source of Fructooligosaccharides, Phenolic Compounds, Antioxidant Activity and Low Glycemic Index." In 4th International Nutrition and Dietetics Scientific Conference. KENYA NUTRITIONISTS AND DIETICIANS INSTITUTE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.57039/jnd-conf-abt-2024-mfpch-16.

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Yacon is a sweet-tasting Andean tuber that is grown in South American countries, China etc. but not very well known in Kenya. It has been used in the formulation of various products e.g. yacon syrup, yacon candies, yacon flour used to make cakes, biscuits etc. Yacon is a functional food due to the nutritional value of its composition represented by its fructooligosaccharide content. Snacking is the most common social activity and is generalized by high carbohydrate content thus the leading cause of non-communicable diseases. Therefore, development of snacks with health benefits is an opportunity for the food sector. The present review aims to broaden discussions of the functional properties attributed to snacks formulated with yacon flours, which possess beneficial properties i.e. high protein, fiber, antioxidants and total polyphenols contents. Its prebiotic and low glycemic index properties essential for prevention of noncommunicable diseases. According to studies done, biscuits formulated with yacon flours have recorded high protein, fat, mineral and fiber content as compared to wheat flours. Fiber contents are greatly increased with addition of yacon flour due to high fructooligisaccharide. A snack formulation of banana flours and yacon flours showed an increase in the antioxidant activity and total polyphenol content greatly attributed to the yacon flour added. Snack formulations with yacon flour have shown high amounts of slow digestible starch and resistant starch that attribute to low glycemic index thus very beneficial for diabetic patients. The fructooligosaccharide in yacon that is greatly retained in yacon flours is not digestible by the human enzymes thus after consumption it is selectively fermented in the colon by a group of bacteria mostly, Bifidobacterium, thus a prebiotic. It modulates the intestinal microbiota thus facilitating the exclusion of potential pathogens by competition and modulating the immune system increasing defenses of the host. There are few studies done on this, clinical evidence is scarce, making it necessary that more studies are done. The availability of yacon is still new; its popularity depends on publications aimed at consumer education and new product development by food industries. Keywords: Yacon, snacks, glycemic index, prebiotics, antioxidants.
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Rai, Durg V., and Harcharan Singh Ranu. "Ovariectomy and its Antioxidative Effect on Bone." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-40581.

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Ovarian hormone deficiency increases the generation of reactive oxygen species. Oxidative stress due to reactive oxygen species (ROS) can cause oxidative damage to cells. Cells have a number of defense mechanisms to protect themselves from the toxicity of ROS. There is increasing evidence of the role of free radicals in bone resorption and bone loss. Ovariectomised female wistar rats had been used as the animal model for the study of osteoporosis. Even though, there are studies portraying the role of free radicals in bone loss, the defense mechanism adapted by bone in ovariectomised animals remains obscure. So, the impact of ovariectomy on the bone antioxidant system in rats was investigated. Twenty female wistar rats were taken and divided into two groups: ovariectomised and control. It had been found that a significant (p&amp;lt;0.001) decrease in the activity of various enzymes like CAT (catalase), SOD (superoxide dismutase) (p&amp;lt;0.001), GST (glutathione-s-transferase). However, an increase in the malondialdehyde levels was found to be 30% in the ovariectomised rats as compared to the controls. Thus the study elucidates the oxidative stress in bone under ovariectomy.
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Reports on the topic "Antioxidant defense systems"

1

Watkins, Chris B., Susan Lurie, Amnon Lers, and Patricia L. Conklin. Involvement of Antioxidant Enzymes and Genes in the Resistance Mechanism to Postharvest Superficial Scald Development. United States Department of Agriculture, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2004.7586539.bard.

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The objective of this research project was to evaluate the involvement of antioxidant enzymes and genes in the resistance mechanism to postharvest superficial scald development using two primary systems: 1. Resistant and susceptible progenies of an apple cross between a scald resistant crab apple, ‘White Angel’ and a scald susceptible cultivar, ‘Rome Beauty’; 2. Heat-treatment of ‘Granny Smith’, which is known to reduce scald development in this cultivar. In 2002 we asked for, and received (October 14), permission to revise our initial objectives. The US side decided to expand their results to include further work using commercial cultivars. Also, both sides wanted to include an emphasis on the interaction between these antioxidant enzymes and the á-farnesene pathway, with the cooperation of a third party, Dr. Bruce Whitaker, USDA-ARS, Beltsville. Background: Superficial scald is a physiological storage disorder that causes damage to the skin of apple and pear fruit. It is currently controlled by use of an antioxidant, diphenylamine (DPA), applied postharvest by drenching or dips, but concern exists about such chemical usage especially as it also involves application of fungicides. As a result, there has been increased emphasis on understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in disorder development. Our approach was to focus on the oxidative processes that occur during scald development, and specifically on using the two model systems described above to determine if the levels of specific antioxidants and/or antioxidant enzyme activities correlated with the presence/absence of scald. It was hoped that information about the role of antioxidant-defense mechanisms would lead to identification of candidate genes for future transgenic manipulation. Major conclusions, solutions, achievements: Collectively, our results highlight the complexity of superficial scald developmental processes. Studies involving comparisons of antioxidant enzyme activities in different crab apple selection, commercial cultivars, and in response to postharvest heat and 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatments, show no simple direct relationships with antioxidant contents and susceptibility of fruit to scald development. However, a correlative relationship was found between POX activity or isoenzyme number and scald resistance in most of the studies. This relationship, if confirmed, could be exploited in breeding for scald resistance. In addition, our investigations with key genes in the á-farnesenebiosynthetic pathway, together with antioxidant processes, are being followed up by analysis of exposed and shaded sides of fruit of cultivars that show different degrees of scald control by 1-MCP. These data may further reveal productive areas for future research that will lead to long term control of the disorder. However, given the complexity of scald development, the greatest research need is the production of transgenic fruit with down-regulated genes involved in á- farnesene biosynthesis in order to test the currently popular hypothesis for scald development.
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Droby, Samir, Michael Wisniewski, Ron Porat, and Dumitru Macarisin. Role of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Tritrophic Interactions in Postharvest Biocontrol Systems. United States Department of Agriculture, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7594390.bard.

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To elucidate the role of ROS in the tri-trophic interactions in postharvest biocontrol systems a detailed molecular and biochemical investigation was undertaken. The application of the yeast biocontrol agent Metschnikowia fructicola, microarray analysis was performed on grapefruit surface wounds using an Affymetrix Citrus GeneChip. the data indicated that 1007 putative unigenes showed significant expression changes following wounding and yeast application relative to wounded controls. The expression of the genes encoding Respiratory burst oxidase (Rbo), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPKK), G-proteins, chitinase (CHI), phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), chalcone synthase (CHS) and 4-coumarate-CoA ligase (4CL). In contrast, three genes, peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), were down-regulated in grapefruit peel tissue treated with yeast cells. The yeast antagonists, Metschnikowia fructicola (strain 277) and Candida oleophila (strain 182) generate relatively high levels of super oxide anion (O2−) following its interaction with wounded fruit surface. Using laser scanning confocal microscopy we observed that the application of M. fructicola and C. oleophila into citrus and apple fruit wounds correlated with an increase in H2O2 accumulation in host tissue. The present data, together with our earlier discovery of the importance of H₂O₂ production in the defense response of citrus flavedo to postharvest pathogens, indicate that the yeast-induced oxidative response in fruit exocarp may be associated with the ability of specific yeast species to serve as biocontrol agents for the management of postharvest diseases. Effect of ROS on yeast cells was also studied. Pretreatment of the yeast, Candida oleophila, with 5 mM H₂O₂ for 30 min (sublethal) increased yeast tolerance to subsequent lethal levels of oxidative stress (50 mM H₂O₂), high temperature (40 °C), and low pH (pH 4). Suppression subtractive hybridization analysis was used to identify genes expressed in yeast in response to sublethal oxidative stress. Transcript levels were confirmed using semi quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. Seven antioxidant genes were up regulated. Pretreatment of the yeast antagonist Candida oleophila with glycine betaine (GB) increases oxidative stress tolerance in the microenvironment of apple wounds. ROS production is greater when yeast antagonists used as biocontrol agents are applied in the wounds. Compared to untreated control yeast cells, GB-treated cells recovered from the oxidative stress environment of apple wounds exhibited less accumulation of ROS and lower levels of oxidative damage to cellular proteins and lipids. Additionally, GB-treated yeast exhibited greater biocontrol activity against Penicillium expansum and Botrytis cinerea, and faster growth in wounds of apple fruits compared to untreated yeast. The expression of major antioxidant genes, including peroxisomal catalase, peroxiredoxin TSA1, and glutathione peroxidase was elevated in the yeast by GB treatment. A mild heat shock (HS) pretreatment (30 min at 40 1C) improved the tolerance of M. fructicola to subsequent high temperature (45 1C, 20–30 min) and oxidative stress (0.4 mol-¹) hydrogen peroxide, 20–60 min). HS-treated yeast cells showed less accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) than non-treated cells in response to both stresses. Additionally, HS-treated yeast exhibited significantly greater (P≥0.0001) biocontrol activity against Penicillium expansum and a significantly faster (Po0.0001) growth rate in wounds of apple fruits stored at 25 1C compared with the performance of untreated yeast cells. Transcription of a trehalose-6-phosphate synthase gene (TPS1) was up regulated in response to HS and trehalose content also increased.
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3

Kirova, Elisaveta. Effect of Nitrogen Nutrition Source on Antioxidant Defense System of Soybean Plants Subjected to Salt Stress. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2020.02.09.

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