Academic literature on the topic 'Antioxidant vitamins (A, C, E), free radicals'
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Journal articles on the topic "Antioxidant vitamins (A, C, E), free radicals"
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Dewi, Ratna Sari, Desy Ayu Irma Permatasari, Tatiana Siska Wardani, and Muladi Putra Mahardika. "Antioxidant Activity Evaluation from Tomatoes’ N-Hexane, Ethyl Asetate, and Water Fraction with DPPH." Journal of Fundamental and Applied Pharmaceutical Science 2, no. 2 (March 7, 2022): 86–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/jfaps.v2i2.13023.
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Antioxidants are compounds that can stabilize free radicals in the body. Free radicals are highly reactive molecules as they have unpaired electrons to interact with body cell molecules. Tomatoes contain flavonoids, saponins, solanine tannins, folic acid, malic acid, citric acid, protein, fat, vitamins, minerals, and histamine, which can be used as antioxidants. This study aims to evaluate the antioxidant activity of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, water fraction, and ethanol extracts of Tomatoes and to determine the greatest antioxidant activity between n-hexane, ethyl acetate, water and vitamin C. Tomatoes (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) was extracted using the maceration method with ethanol followed by fractionation using n-hexane and ethyl acetate solvents. The test of antioxidant activity to DPPH radical was conducted on n-hexane, ethyl acetate, water, and vitamin C. The antioxidant activity results, expressed by IC50 value to the n-hexane, ethyl acetate, water fraction of Tomatoes fruit, were 4.4603 ppm; 4.0868 ppm; and 4.0527 ppm, respectively. Thus, the greatest antioxidant activity was the water fraction.
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Nikolaidis, Michalis G., Chad M. Kerksick, Manfred Lamprecht, and Steven R. McAnulty. "Does Vitamin C and E Supplementation Impair the Favorable Adaptations of Regular Exercise?" Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2012 (2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/707941.
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The detrimental outcomes associated with unregulated and excessive production of free radicals remains a physiological concern that has implications to health, medicine and performance. Available evidence suggests that physiological adaptations to exercise training can enhance the body’s ability to quench free radicals and circumstantial evidence exists to suggest that key vitamins and nutrients may provide additional support to mitigate the untoward effects associated with increased free radical production. However, controversy has risen regarding the potential outcomes associated with vitamins C and E, two popular antioxidant nutrients. Recent evidence has been put forth suggesting that exogenous administration of these antioxidants may be harmful to performance making interpretations regarding the efficacy of antioxidants challenging. The available studies that employed both animal and human models provided conflicting outcomes regarding the efficacy of vitamin C and E supplementation, at least partly due to methodological differences in assessing oxidative stress and training adaptations. Based on the contradictory evidence regarding the effects of higher intakes of vitamin C and/or E on exercise performance and redox homeostasis, a permanent intake of non-physiological dosages of vitamin C and/or E cannot be recommended to healthy, exercising individuals.
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Buehler, Bruce A. "The Free Radical Theory of Aging and Antioxidant Supplements." Journal of Evidence-Based Complementary & Alternative Medicine 17, no. 3 (April 11, 2012): 218–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2156587212441939.
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Free radical excess occurs when cells are exposed to reactive oxygen species greater than the amount that can be neutralized by cellular produced antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase. This is termed oxidative stress, which can be caused by excessive energy intake or external pollutants. Excess free radicals are proposed to increase the rate of cell aging, injury, and mutations leading to a shortened cell life span. Vitamins A, C, and E and flavoproteins are supplements that function as free radical scavengers. Antioxidants are present in natural foods but added amounts beyond the diet may detoxify excess free radicals during “oxidative stress.” Antioxidant supplements decrease cellular damage from excess reactive oxygen species but they have not been proven to prolong life span.
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Richardson, Russell S., Anthony J. Donato, Abhimanyu Uberoi, D. Walter Wray, Lesley Lawrenson, Steven Nishiyama, and Damian M. Bailey. "Exercise-induced brachial artery vasodilation: role of free radicals." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 292, no. 3 (March 2007): H1516—H1522. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.01045.2006.
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Originally thought of as simply damaging or toxic “accidents” of in vivo chemistry, free radicals are becoming increasingly recognized as redox signaling molecules implicit in cellular homeostasis. Indeed, at the vascular level, it is plausible that oxidative stress plays a regulatory role in normal vascular function. Using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, we sought to document the ability of an oral antioxidant cocktail (vitamins C, E, and α-lipoic acid) to reduce circulating free radicals, and we employed Doppler ultrasound to examine the consequence of an antioxidant-mediated reduction in oxidative stress on exercise-induced vasodilation. A total of 25 young (18–31 yr) healthy male subjects partook in these studies. EPR spectroscopy revealed a reduction in circulating free radicals following antioxidant administration at rest (∼98%) and as a consequence of exercise (∼85%). Plasma total antioxidant capacity and vitamin C both increased following the ingestion of the antioxidant cocktail, whereas vitamin E levels were not influenced by the ingestion of the antioxidants. Brachial artery vasodilation during submaximal forearm handgrip exercise was greater with the placebo (7.4 ± 1.8%) than with the antioxidant cocktail (2.3 ± 0.7%). These data document the efficacy of an oral antioxidant cocktail in reducing free radicals and suggest that, in a healthy state, the aggressive disruption of the delicate balance between pro- and antioxidant forces can negatively impact vascular function. These findings implicate an exercise-induced reliance upon pro-oxidant-stimulated vasodilation, thereby revealing an important and positive vascular role for free radicals.
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Kanter, Mitchell M. "Free Radicals, Exercise, and Antioxidant Supplementation." International Journal of Sport Nutrition 4, no. 3 (September 1994): 205–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsn.4.3.205.
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Free radicals have been implicated in the development of diverse diseases such as cancer, diabetes, and cataracts, and recent epidemic-logical data suggest an inverse relationship between antioxidant intake and cardiovascular disease risk. Data also suggest that antioxidants may delay aging, Research has indicated that free radical production and subsequent lipid peroxidation are normal sequelae to the rise in oxygen consumption with exercise. Consequently, antioxidant supplementation may detoxify the peroxides produced during exercise and diminish muscle damage and soreness. Vitamin E, beta carotene, and vitamin C have shown promise as protective antioxidants. Other ingestible products with antioxidant properties include selenium and coenzyme. The role (if any) that free radicals play in the development of exercise-induced tissue damage, or the protective role that antioxidants may play, remains to be elucidated. Current methods used to assess exercise-induced lipid peroxidation are not extremely specific or sensitive; research that utilizes more sophisticated methodologies should help to answer many questions regarding dietary antioxidants.
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Gautam, Narayan. "Free radicals and vitamin antioxidants in health and lung diseases." Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences 3, no. 3 (December 31, 2015): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v3i3.24249.
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Several lung diseases have undergone oxidative stress due to free radical insult. Consequently, antioxidant vitamin C and vitamin E play important role in defense against cellular injury by scavenging free radicals. This article reviews the potential mechanism of free radicals generation and vitamin antioxidant defense to link amongst various lung diseases. One of the manifestations of free radical mediated process is lipid peroxidation subsequently producing malondialdehyde (MDA) in these patients. Supplementation of vitamin C and vitamin E as an adjuvant therapy as well as high intake of fresh fruits and vegetables appear to have a beneficial effect on lung health. Moreover, their consumption should be recommended on a daily basis. Further studies are needed to assess the impact of antioxidants as an adjuvant therapy in patients with lung diseases.
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Higgins, Madalyn Riley, Azimeh Izadi, and Mojtaba Kaviani. "Antioxidants and Exercise Performance: With a Focus on Vitamin E and C Supplementation." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 22 (November 15, 2020): 8452. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17228452.
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Antioxidant supplementation, including vitamin E and C supplementation, has recently received recognition among athletes as a possible method for enhancing athletic performance. Increased oxidative stress during exercise results in the production of free radicals, which leads to muscle damage, fatigue, and impaired performance. Despite their negative effects on performance, free radicals may act as signaling molecules enhancing protection against greater physical stress. Current evidence suggests that antioxidant supplementation may impair these adaptations. Apart from athletes training at altitude and those looking for an immediate, short-term performance enhancement, supplementation with vitamin E does not appear to be beneficial. Moreover, the effectiveness of vitamin E and C alone and/or combined on muscle mass and strength have been inconsistent. Given that antioxidant supplements (e.g., vitamin E and C) tend to block anabolic signaling pathways, and thus, impair adaptations to resistance training, special caution should be taken with these supplements. It is recommended that athletes consume a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, which provides vitamins, minerals phytochemicals, and other bioactive compounds to meet the recommended intakes of vitamin E and C.
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Tabet, Naji, David Mantle, Zuzana Walker, and Martin Orrell. "Endogenous Antioxidant Activities in Relation to Concurrent Vitamins A, C, and E Intake in Dementia." International Psychogeriatrics 14, no. 1 (March 2002): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610202008232.
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Previous reports on the activities of essential endogenous antioxidants such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione in dementia patients have not included a simultaneous quantitative assessment of dietary antioxidant intake. This is important because the reported differences in endogenous antioxidant levels among dementia patients may have reflected variations in the total antioxidants' intake. In this study we measured the levels of antioxidant vitamins A, C, and E in the diet of 81 dementia patients and controls at the same time as assessing blood levels of three endogenous antioxidants. Results showed a significant decrease in the intake of vitamins C (p < .001) and E (p < .01) in patients with severe Alzheimer's disease (AD) when compared to controls. Patients with mild/moderate AD differed from controls only in the intake of vitamin C (p < .01). The blood levels of catalase but not superoxide dismutase and glutathione were significantly decreased in the patients with severe AD when compared to controls (p < .01), patients with mild/moderate AD (p < .01), and patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (p < .05). The blood catalase levels of dementia patients, as a whole, were significantly and positively associated with the intake of vitamins A (p < .05), C (p < .01), and E (p < .05). The results indicated that dietary intake of vitamins A, C, and E may influence blood levels of catalase possibly through their antioxidant effects on free radicals. The data underscore the importance of concurrent quantitative assessment of nutritional intake when measuring endogenous antioxidant activities and support a role for antioxidant supplementation in the treatment of dementia disorders.
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Goldfarb, Allan H. "Nutritional Antioxidants as Therapeutic and Preventive Modalities in Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage." Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology 24, no. 3 (June 1, 1999): 249–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h99-021.
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Several mechanisms have been forwarded to explain the etiology of exercise-induced muscle damage. Free-radical mediated processes appear to be an important component of the inflammatory mediated response. Free radicals have also been demonstrated to be a contributing factor in the loss of calcium homeostasis within the cell. Therefore, one of the proposed treatments for preventing or reducing the extent of this damage is the intervention of free-radical mediated processes. Antioxidants are agents that typically work to prevent free-radical mediated alterations within cells by quenching free radicals. The traditional dietary antioxidants most commonly investigated to inhibit free-radical damage are vitamin E, vitamin C, and beta carotene. Other nutritional agents have also been noted to posses antioxidant properties. Isoflavonoids and some phytochemicals have been proposed to contain antioxidant properties. This paper briefly reviews some aspects of these agents and their role, either proven or proposed, in the prevention of oxidative stress and muscle damage. Key words: vitamin E, vitamin C, beta carotene, genistein, oxidative stress
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Rizkayanti, Rizkayanti, Anang Wahid M. Diah, and Minarni Rama Jura. "Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Air dan Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kelor (Moringa Oleifera LAM)." Jurnal Akademika Kimia 6, no. 2 (December 8, 2017): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.22487/j24775185.2017.v6.i2.9244.
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Moringa (moringa oleifera Lam) leaves contains many molecules as inhibitors for free radicals such as phenolic compounds (phenolic acids, flavonoids, quinones, coumarins, lignans, stilbenes, tannins), nitrogen compounds (alkaloids, amines, betalain), vitamins, terpenoids (including carotenoids), and several other endogenous metabolites as antioxidants. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant potency of water and ethanol extracts of moringa (moringa oleifera Lam) leave obtained by maceration and dekok. The concentration of free radical 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer after addition of various concentrations of Moringa leaves extracts. Various concentrations of moringa leave extracts used were 20 ppm, 40 ppm, 60 ppm and 80 ppm. Vitamin C solutions as the positive control were prepared on similar various concentrations. The negative control was prepared using DPPH solutions dissolved in absolute ethanol. The results indicated that the ethanol extract of moringa leaves prepared by maceration method showed the antioxidant potency with an IC50 value of 22.1818 ppm, but the IC50 value of water extract of moringa leaves prepared by dekok was 57.5439 ppm. While, the IC50 value of Vitamin C was 8.8084 ppm. Based on the IC50 data it can be concluded that Vitamin C is a stronger antioxidant than moringa leaves extracts.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Antioxidant vitamins (A, C, E), free radicals"
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Vieira, Caio Alexandre Santos Caxico. "Suplementação de vitamina C e efeito da salinidade em Tilápias do Nilo : desempenho e expressão gênica." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2016. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6399.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESIn aquatic organisms, changes in salinity in water provoke a variety of physiological responses, so this study aimed to evaluate the effect of water salinity on weight gain, survival and expression of the genes Catalase (CAT), Glutathione Reductase (GSR), Glutathione Synthase (GSS), Glutaione peroxidase (GPX), and heat shock protein (HSP70) in the liver of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). For the conduction of the experiment, 160 tilapias with a mean weight of 20.8 g ( ± 4.02) were used. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design (DIC) composed of four treatments and four replicates, being: T1 = Treatment 1 (salinity 0 + basal diet); T2 = Treatment 2 (salinity 7 + basal diet); T3 = Treatment 3 (salinity 21 + basal diet); T4 = treatment 4 (salinity 21 + diet with 1500 mg of vitamin C / kg of feed). The parameters of water quality were monitored daily and were kept within the range of comfort for the species. For the analysis of gene expression samples of liver of tilapia were collected in two distinct periods, 24 hours and 14 days after the beginning of the experiment. Gene expression quantification was performed by qRT-PCR. There was a significant effect of the treatments on weight gain, treatment 1 (4.10 g) and treatment 2 (6.42 g) had the highest weight improve. Animals from T4 had greater weight gain than animals from T3. Higher survival was observed in treatment 2 followed by control (T1). HSP 70 and GSS were more expressed in the 24 h period and GSRR was more expressed in the 14 day period, whereas CAT and GPX did not differ from one period to the other (P <0.05). The salinity variation had an effect under the expression of the genes evaluated in the liver of O. niloticus with the exception of catalase for the 24 hour period. After 14 days of evaluation, animals raised in salinity 21 and fed with vitamin C supplementation presented greater expression of GPX, GSR and GSS, suggesting that animals raised at this level of salinity had greater need of action of glutathione system, and that the supplementation of vitamin C under these conditions allowed greater expression of these genes. It was concluded that salinity had an effect on the expression of the antioxidant defense system genes evaluated, which varied considerably over the 24-hour period and presented a more defined pattern in the 14-day period. Supplementation of vitamin C contributed, in parts, for better development of tilapia created in salinity 21, which can be observed, through the results of weight gain and gene expression.
Em organismos aquáticos, mudanças de salinidade na água provocam uma variedade de respostas fisiológicas, assim, este estudo objetivou avaliar o efeito da salinidade da água sobre o ganho de peso, a sobrevivência e a expressão dos genes Catalase (CAT), Glutatona Redutase (GSR), Glutationa Sintetase (GSS), Glutationa peroxidase (GPX) e o da proteína de choque térmico (HSP70) no fígado de Tilápias do Nilo (Oreocrhomis niloticus). Para a condução do experimento foram utilizadas 160 tilápias com peso médio 20,8 g (± 4,02). O experimento foi conduzido em delineamento inteiramente casualizado (DIC) compostos por quatro tratamentos e quatro repetições, sendo: T1 = Tratamento 1 (salinidade 0 + dieta basal); T2= Tratamento 2 (salinidade 7 + dieta basal); T3= Tratamento 3 (salinidade 21 + dieta basal ); T4 = tratamento 4 (salinidade 21 + dieta com 1500 mg de vitamina C/ kg de ração). Os parâmetros de qualidade de água foram monitorados diariamente e se mantiveram dentro da faixa de conforto para a espécie. Para as análises de expressão gênica foram coletadas amostras do fígado de tilápias em dois períodos distintos, 24 horas e 14 dias após o início do experimento. A quantificação da expressão gênica foi realizada por qRT-PCR. Houve efeito significativo dos tratamentos sobre o ganho de peso, tilápias do tratamento 1 (4,10g) e tratamento 2 (6,42 g) obtiveram os maiores ganhos de peso. Animais do tratamento 4 (salinidade 21 + acréscimo de vitamina C na ração) tiveram maior ganho de peso que os animais do tratamento 3 (salinidade 21 + dieta basal). Maior sobrevivência foi observada no tratamento 2 seguido pelo controle. HSP 70 e GSS foram mais expressos no período de 24 h e GSR sendo mais expressa no período de 14 dias, enquanto que CAT e GPX não diferiram de um período para o outro. A variação de salinidade teve efeito sob a expressão dos genes avaliados no fígado de O.niloticus com exceção da catalase para o período de 24 horas. Após 14 dias de avaliação animais criados em salinidade 21 e alimentados com suplementação de vitamina C apresentaram maior expressão de GPX, GSR e GSS, sugerindo que animais criados nesse nível de salinidade, tiveram maior necessidade de ação do sistema glutationa, e que a suplementação de vitamina C nessas condições permitiu maior expressão desses genes. Conclui-se que a salinidade apresentou efeito sobre a expressão dos genes do sistema de defesa antioxidantes avaliados, os quais variaram bastante no período de 24 horas e apresentaram um padrão mais definido no período de 14 dias. A suplementação de vitamina C contribuiu em partes, para melhor desenvolvimento das tilápias criadas em salinidade 21, o que pode ser observado, pelos resultados de ganho de peso e expressão gênica.
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Thompson, Dylan. "Muscle damage and soreness following prolonged intermittent shuttle running and the effect of vitamin C supplementation." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1999. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/10849.
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Exercise-induced muscle soreness and damage have been investigated for almost a century, and yet it appears that there is little that can be done to avoid these consequences of over-exertion, except train on a regular basis. It is likely that freeradicals are involved at a number of stages in the muscle damage process, and therefore the provision of appropriate antioxidants may theoretically offer some protection. One such antioxidant is vitamin C, although the literature available in support of this notion is scarce. The aim of these studies, therefore, was to assess whether different nutritional interventions using vitamin C would offer any benefit to exercise-induced muscle damage and soreness. In the past, investigators have often used exercise protocols designed to maximise the extent of injury. The studies reported in this thesis, however, used an exercise protocol (Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test: LIST) based on the multiple-sprint sports (e.g. football). Participation in such sports is very high, although frequently on an irregular basis, and therefore exercise of this nature may have the capacity to cause muscle damage and soreness. The LIST provided a suitable exercise model, and in different studies led to increases in soreness, markers of muscle damage, lipid peroxidation, and inflammation. It also led to poorer muscle function up to 72 h after exercise in some muscle groups. Short-term supplementation with vitamin C 2 hours before exercise successfully increased plasma and cellular concentrations, although failed to have any beneficial outcomes in terms of muscle damage or soreness. Supplementation in the hours and days (up to three days) after exercise also produced no beneficial effects, and it may be that supplementation occurred at an inappropriate time. Prolonged supplementation with vitamin C proved more promising (14 days), and was associated with reduced plasma concentrations of interleukin-6 and malondialdehyde. Furthermore, there were modest benefits to certain' aspects of muscle soreness and function, although these were not always statistically significant. However, tliere was no effect on circulating markers of muscle damage (creatine kinase and myoglobin). These findings suggest that the regular ingestion of vitamin C may be associated with some favourable changes following damaging exercise. However, the consumption of large amounts of vitamin C immediately before or after exercise offer no appreciable benefits, despite large changes in plasma concentrations of this vitamin.
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Liu, Chia-chi. "Oxidation of ascorbate by protein radicals in simple systems and in cells." Phd thesis, Australia : Macquarie University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/16746.
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Thesis (PhD) -- Macquarie University, Division of Environmental and Life Sciences, Dept. of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, 2007.Bibliography: leaves 295-322.
Generation of peroxide groups in proteins exposed to a wide variety of reactive oxygen species (ROS) requires an initial formation of protein carbon-centred or peroxyl free radicals, which can be reduced to hydroperoxides. Both protein radicals and protein hydroperoxides are capable of oxidizing important biomolecules and thus initiate biological damage. In this study, we investigated the inhibition of protein hydroperoxide formation by ascorbate and GSH in gamma-irradiated HL-60 cells.--We used HL-60 cells as a model for general protection of living organisms by ascorbate (Asc) and glutathione (GSH) from the deleterious effects of protein hydroperoxides generated by radicals produced by gamma radiation. Measurement by HPLC indicated that incubation of HL-60 cells with Asc in the presence of ascorbate oxidase resulted in the accumulation of intracellular Asc. The intracellular Asc levels were lowered by irradiation, demonstrating intracellular consumption of Asc by the radiation-generated radicals. Exposure of HL-60 cells to increasing gamma irradiation doses resulted in increasing accumulation of protein peroxides in the cells. This was measured by the FOX assay. A significant decrease in intracellular protein hydroperoxides was noted when the cells were treated with ascorbic acid before irradiation. A dose-dependent protective effect of Asc was observed. Asc loading also provided strong protection from radiation-generated protein hydroperoxides independently of the composition of the external medium, showing that only the radicals formed within the cells were effective in oxidizing the cell proteins. Similarly, protein peroxidation was inhibited in cells with enhanced levels of GSH and increased when the intracellular GSH concentration was reduced. These findings indicate that ascorbate and GSH are important antioxidants in protecting cells from oxidative stress associated with the generation of protein hydroperoxide.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
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TURKOVÁ, Kateřina. "Metody zjišťování látek antioxidačního charakteru." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-170142.
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Antioxidants and free radicals are widely discussed in the clinical and nutritional literature. Various reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be produced from normal biochemical, essential metabolic processes or from external sources as exposure to a variety of agents presented in the environment. Lipids, proteins, carbohydrates and DNA are all capable of reacting with ROS and can be implicated in etiology of various human disorders. The antioxidant system protects the organism from the effects of free radicals by scavenging them and thus preventing structural damage of cells. Measuring the individual components of the antioxidant system has provided important information about the defences against free radical effect. During the last decade, many analytical methods have been developed to determine the antioxidant activity of natural compounds and their mixtures in vitro. Some procedures involve the methods based on the generation of various radical species and their elimination by treatment with potential antioxidant compounds. The tests used for the evalution of total antioxidant activity are: Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity-TEAC, diphenylpicrylhydrazil - DPPH, oxygen radical absorbance capacity-ORAC and the methods testing the ability to prevent lipid peroxidation. The other group includes the procedures that are based on measurement of redox properties of compouds (ferric reducing antioxidant potential assay-FRAP, cyclic voltammetry, HPLC).
Books on the topic "Antioxidant vitamins (A, C, E), free radicals"
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Antioxidants: Vitamins C and E for Health (Sheldon Natural Remedies). Sheldon Press, 1999.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Antioxidant vitamins (A, C, E), free radicals"
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Vinson, J., C. Hsu, C. Possanza, A. Drack, D. Pane, R. Davis, C. Klock, K. Graser, and X. Wang. "Lipid Peroxidation and Diabetic Complications: Effect of Antioxidant Vitamins C and E." In Free Radicals in Diagnostic Medicine, 430–32. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1833-4_42.
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Willson, R. L. "Trevor Slater, Free Radical Redox Chemistry and Antioxidants: from NAD+ and Vitamin C TO CCl4 and Vitamin E, to Thiols, Myoglobin and Vitamins A and D." In Free Radicals: from Basic Science to Medicine, 2–17. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9116-5_1.
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Simonoff, M., C. Sergeant, N. Garnier, P. Moretto, Y. Llabador, G. Simonoff, and C. Conri. "Antioxidant status (selenium, vitamins A and E) and aging." In Free Radicals and Aging, 368–97. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-7460-1_37.
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Richard, M. J., P. Preziosi, J. Arnaud, A. L. Monget, P. Galan, A. Favier, and S. Hercberg. "Effects of Nutritional Doses of Antioxidant Trace Elements and/or Vitamins on the Metabolism of Free Radicals in Elderly." In Therapeutic Uses of Trace Elements, 107–14. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0167-5_17.
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Paital, Biswaranjan. "Antioxidants for human health." In Bulletin of Medical and Clinical Research, 22–26. IOR INTERNATIONAL PRESS, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/br2012.
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Antioxidants are chemical or biochemical substances that are capable to prevent or slow damages occurred to cells caused by free radicals. Free radicals are the chemical entities that are produced due to sharing of unpaired electrons and are with free existence but unstable in nature. Organism’s body produces free radicals as a reaction to environmental and other internal and external stressors. If not neutralized, free radicals can damage cellular architecture by oxidizing all bio-molecules. They are neutralized by antioxidants which are chemicals or biological in origin. Therefore, free radicals and antioxidants are simultaneously and widely discussed in the clinical and nutritional literature. Cellular or endogenous antioxidant defenses includes enzymes (superoxide dismutases, H2O2-removing enzymes such as catalase, and peroxidasses), and non-enzymes such as vitamin C (ascorbic acids, vitamin E and reduced glutathione. Diet-derived antioxidants are important in maintaining health. Many dietary compounds have been suggested to be important antioxidants: Therefore recent interest on dietary vitamins E and C, carotenoids and plant pigments, plant phenolics, especially flavonoids are growing to mauanitn human health. Experimental approaches to the optimization of antioxidant nutrient intake are already known and must be adapted for health management.
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Paital, Biswaranjan. "Antioxidants for human health." In Bulletin of Medical and Clinical Research, 22–26. IOR INTERNATIONAL PRESS, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/br2012.
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Antioxidants are chemical or biochemical substances that are capable to prevent or slow damages occurred to cells caused by free radicals. Free radicals are the chemical entities that are produced due to sharing of unpaired electrons and are with free existence but unstable in nature. Organism’s body produces free radicals as a reaction to environmental and other internal and external stressors. If not neutralized, free radicals can damage cellular architecture by oxidizing all bio-molecules. They are neutralized by antioxidants which are chemicals or biological in origin. Therefore, free radicals and antioxidants are simultaneously and widely discussed in the clinical and nutritional literature. Cellular or endogenous antioxidant defenses includes enzymes (superoxide dismutases, H2O2-removing enzymes such as catalase, and peroxidasses), and non-enzymes such as vitamin C (ascorbic acids, vitamin E and reduced glutathione. Diet-derived antioxidants are important in maintaining health. Many dietary compounds have been suggested to be important antioxidants: Therefore recent interest on dietary vitamins E and C, carotenoids and plant pigments, plant phenolics, especially flavonoids are growing to mauanitn human health. Experimental approaches to the optimization of antioxidant nutrient intake are already known and must be adapted for health management.
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Babinszky, László, Csaba Szabó, and Márta Horváth. "Perspective Chapter: Using Feed Additives to Eliminate Harmful Effects of Heat Stress in Broiler Nutrition." In Advanced Studies in the 21st Century Animal Nutrition. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101030.
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Global warming is one of the major challenges for mankind, with animal breeding one of the most affected sectors in the agricultural industry. High ambient temperatures negatively affect all domestic animals. While it is true that pork and dairy production suffer the consequences of heat waves, it is actually the poultry industry which is hit the hardest by the heat stress poultry must endure due to hotter weather. Consequently, we have a fundamental interest in reducing and/or eliminating the negative effects of climate change, i.e. prolonged high ambient temperatures. The aim of this chapter is to present the adverse effects of heat stress on energy metabolism, anti- and pro-oxidant capacity and production in birds. A further goal is to show how various feed additives (e.g. vitamin A, C and E, selenium, zinc, betaine, plant extract, and probiotics) can reduce the negative effects of heat stress. Based on the large number of recent scientific findings, the following conclusions were drawn: Using fat in the diet (up to 5%) can reduce heat production in livestock. Vitamins (e.g. A, E and C) are capable of reacting with free radicals. Vitamin E and Vitamin C, Zn, and Se supplementation improved antioxidant parameters. Antioxidant potential of vitamins and micro minerals is more efficient in combination under heat stress in poultry nutrition. Plant extracts (e.g. oregano) could decrease the negative effects of heat stress on antioxidant enzyme activity due to its antioxidant constituents. Betaine reduces heat production in animals at high ambient temperatures. While acute heat stress induces a drop in feed intake, with the resulting increased nutrient demand leading to weight loss, if heat stress is prolonged, adaptation will occur. Probiotics and vitamins (C and E) seem to be the most effective means to reduce the negative effects of heat stress.
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Rani, Kirti. "Clinical Role of Antioxidants in the Treatment of Diseases." In Nutraceutical and Functional Foods in Disease Prevention, 392–401. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-3267-5.ch013.
Full textAbstract:
Antioxidants are our first line of defense against free radical damage and are critical for maintaining optimum healthcare. Although most of the present day research is focused on the potential benefits of antioxidant nutrients or supplements, it has become clear that the best protection against oxidative stress involves a wide assortment of interrelated antioxidants and antioxidant cofactors. Additionally, the combination of several suboptimal concentrations of these kinds of detoxifying supplements may have an additive or even synergistic role to decrease the risk of some of diseases which are caused by aging. Adequate intake of fruit and vegetables have essential antioxidants like B-carotene and vitamin C, which are reported for decreasing the risk of cancer and coronary heart disease (CHD).
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Zhaku, Vegim, Ashok Agarwal, Sheqibe Beadini, Ralf Henkel, Renata Finelli, Nexhbedin Beadini, and Sava Micic. "Male Infertility, Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants." In Vitamin E in Health and Disease - Interactions, Diseases and Health Aspects [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98204.
Full textAbstract:
Within the male reproductive system, oxidative stress (OS) has been identified as prevailing etiology of male infertility. The effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on male fertility depend on the dimensions, “modus operandi” of the ROS and the oxido-reduction potential (ORP) of the male reproductive tract. Hereupon, for an adequate response to OS, the cells of our body are endowed with a well-sophisticated system of defense in order to be protected. Various antioxidant enzymes and small molecular free radical scavengers, maintain the delicate balance between oxidants and reductants (antioxidants), crucial to cellular function and fertility. Therapeutic use of antioxidants is an optimal and coherent option in terms of mitigating OS and improving semen parameters. Therefore, recognizing and managing OS through either decreasing ROS levels or by increasing antioxidant force, appear to be a requesting approach in the management of male infertility. However, a clear defined attitude of the experts about the clinical efficacy of antioxidant therapy is still deprived. Prominently, antioxidant such as coenzyme Q10, vitamin C and E, lycopene, carnitine, zinc and selenium have been found useful in controlling the balance between ROS production and scavenging activities. In spite of that, healthy lifestyle, without smoke and alcohol, everyday exercise, reduction of psychological stress and quality well-designed meals, are habits that can overturn male infertility.
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Guo, Chih-Hung, and Pei-Chung Che. "Mitochondrial Free Radicals, Antioxidants, Nutrient Substances, and Chronic Hepatitis C." In Antioxidant Enzyme. InTech, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/51315.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Antioxidant vitamins (A, C, E), free radicals"
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Oliveira, R. A., C. T. Soares, F. G. Nogueira, and A. A. Santana. "Vitamin C content of freeze dried pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) pulp." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7803.
Full textAbstract:
Vitamin C is one of the constituents of pequi pulp. It is a natural antioxidant, capable of sequestering free radicals. The present study aimed to freeze dry a pequi pulp encapsulated with maltodextrin and whey protein and analyze vitamin C content. Vitamin C loss was lower in the experimental run that did not use encapsulating agent. Whereas, the run that used 15% of whey protein concentrate as encapsulant agent in relation to pequi solids presented the highest value (220.74 mg vitamin C / g pequi solids). Freeze drying of pequi pulp is a technique for vitamin C conservation independently of the variation in maltodextrin and whey protein proportion.Keywords: drying; encapsulating agent; ascorbic acid.