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1
L.E, Yahaya, Adeji O., Igbinadolor R.O, et al. "Antiseptic Properties of Cocoa Pod Husk Herbal Soap." Asian Journal of Chemical Sciences 15, no. 2 (2025): 152–61. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajocs/2025/v15i2366.
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The antiseptic properties of two soaps prepared with the leaves of Azadirachta indica (NEM) and Moringa oleifera (MRG) were evaluated. The study employed Inhibitory activity sensitivity test using Agar-well Diffusion Method to test the antimicrobial activities of the soap samples on four bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeuroginosa) and two fungi (Trichophyton spp. and Candida albicans) and minimum Inhibitory concentration (MIC) obtained using regression analysis. The physical properties of the prepared soap including hardness, foamability and pH were evaluated and results were in consonant with the standard. The soap samples, MRG and NEM exhibited higher antiseptic properties against the bacteria and fungi tested. Regression analysis showed that Moringa soap exhibited lower MIC against E. coli (0.00077 mg/mL) and C. albicans (0.0851 mg/mL), Neem soap showed higher antifungal activity against T. rubrum (0.00000099 mg/mL) and B. subtilis while both soaps exhibited poor efficacy against P. aeruginosa. The contact time of the soap samples on the test organisms was not a determining factor in the inhibitory behavior of the samples. The ability of these soaps to inhibit pathogens at low concentrations highlights their potential as natural alternatives to synthetic antiseptics which will warrant the assessment of their synergistic effect, long-term stability and efficacy.
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Nabila, Putri Aulia, and Naziyah Naziyah. "Analisis Asuhan Keperawatan dengan Intervensi Penggunaan Sabun Antiseptik Chloroxylenol sebagai Cairan Pencuci Luka pada Kasus Kritikal Kolonisasi pada TN. S, NY. M dan NY. S dengan Diabetic Foot Ulcer di Wocare Center." Jurnal Kreativitas Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat (PKM) 6, no. 10 (2023): 3999–4010. http://dx.doi.org/10.33024/jkpm.v6i10.11395.
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ABSTRAK Komplikasi dari Diabetes Melitus yang paling banyak ditemukan yaitu Diabetic foot ulcer. Diabetic foot ulcer disebabkan oleh kontrol glikemik yang buruk, neuropati, penyakit pembuluh darah perifer serta perawatan kaki yang buruk. Pada pencucian luka diabetic foot ulcer salah satu yang efektif untuk menghilangkan kotoran dan mengurangi bakteri adalah sabun antiseptik. Dapat digunakan sebagai cairan pencuci luka yang berfungsi membunuh kuman dan bakteri sehingga mendukung proses penyembuhan luka.Tujuan penelitian Menganalisis asuhan keperawatan melalui intervensi penggunaan sabun antiseptik chloroxylenol sebagai cairan pencuci luka pada kasus kritikal kolonisasi pada Tn. S, Ny. M dan Ny. S dengan diabetic foot ulcer di wocare center. Metode penelitian menggunakan observasi dan wawancara, sampel menggunakan 3 klien dengan menggunakan instrument pengkajian luka yaitu WINNERS Scale. Hasil dari penelitian Sabun antiseptik digunakan pada Tn S, Ny. M dan Ny. S sebanyak 2 kali dengan frekuensi perawatan 3 hari sekali. Perubahan luka dapat dilihat setelah penggunaan sabun antiseptik masing-masing pada klien Tn. S yaitu eksudat sedang menjadi sedikit, jaringan granulasi dari 50% menjadi 100% dan epitelisasi dari 20% menjadi 25%. Pada Ny. M eksudat banyak menjadi sedang, jaringan granulasi dari 90% menjadi 95% dan epitelisasi dari 70% menjadi 75%. Pada Ny. S jaringan granulasi dari 10% menjadi 25%, epitelisasi 5% dan eksudat sedang. Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini Penggunaan sabun antiseptik efektif mendukung proses penyembuhan luka dan penurunan derajat luka. Penggunaan sabun antiseptik sebagai bahan acuan berbasis evidence base practice. Kata Kunci : Diabetes Melitus, Diabetic Foot Ulcer, Sabun Antiseptik ABSTRACT The most common complication of diabetes mellitus is diabetic foot ulcer. Diabetic foot ulcers are caused by poor glycemic control, neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease and poor foot care. In washing diabetic foot ulcer wounds, one that is effective for removing dirt and reducing bacteria is antiseptic soap. It can be used as a wound washing liquid which functions to kill germs and bacteria so that it supports the wound healing process. Purpose To analyze nursing care through the intervention of using chloroxylenol antiseptic soap as a wound washing fluid in critical cases of colonization on Mr. S, Mrs. M and Mrs. S with diabetic foot ulcer in wocare center. Method used observation and interviews, the sample used 3 clients using a wound assessment instrument, namely the WINNERS Scale. Results Antiseptic soap was used on Mr.S, Mrs. M and Mrs. S 2 times with a treatment frequency of 3 days. Changes in the wound can be seen after using each antiseptic soap on the client Mr. S namely moderate exudate, granulation tissue from 50% to 100% and epithelialization from 20% to 25%. At Mrs. Mo exudate to moderate, granulation tissue from 90% to 95% and epithelialization from 70% to 75%. At Mrs. S granulation tissue from 10% to 25%, epithelialization 5% and moderate exudate. Conclusions The use of antiseptic soaps effectively supports the wound healing process and reduces the degree of injury. The use of antiseptic soap as a reference material based on evidence base practice. Keywords : Diabetes Mellitus, Diabetic Foot Ulcer, Antiseptic Soap.
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I. U., Nwankwo, Edwards K. C., Itaman V. O., Udensi C. G., and Unah O. G. "Antibacterial Activities of Medicated and Antiseptic Soaps on Staphylococcus Aureus and Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated from Wound Infection." Academic Journal of Life Sciences, no. 83 (December 29, 2022): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/ajls.83.39.45.
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Soaps and other cleaning chemicals have been widely utilized for various cleaning purposes for a long time. As the skin is the first line of defense, most bacteria like Pseudomonas aureginosa and Staphylococcus aureus reside and are the primary cause of skin infections.The aim of this study was to determine the antibacterial effects of medicated soap (tetmosol) and antiseptic soap (premier cool) against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from wound samples. The antibacterial activity of medicated and antiseptic soapswas investigated against test organisms (Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) using agar well and disk diffusion methods. After serial dilution, different concentrations of the various soap samples in the range of 200 mg/ml to 62.5 mg/ml were prepared (using sterile distilled water). The result of this study showed that the antiseptic soap “Premier cool” was found to be most effective against all the bacteria strains tested. The antiseptic soap had the highest zone of inhibition (19.00 ± 1.42 mm) against Staphylococcus aureus and 15.00 ± 0.34 mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa at the highest dilution used (200mg/ml). The medicated soap “Tetmosol” exhibited a minimal antibacterial activity against the isolates with a zone of inhibitions of 16.00 ± 0.48 mm 14.00 ± 1.41 mm for Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. The result of the minimum inhibitory concentration showed that antiseptic soap (Premier cool) had better MIC and MBC of 12.5 mg/ml and 25 mg/ml, respectively, on Staphylococcus aureus. For Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the MIC and MBC were 50 mg/ml, respectively. Medicated soap (Tetmosol) had a higher MIC of 25 mg/ml and MBC of 50 mg/ml for Staphylococcus aureus. For Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the MIC and MBC were 50 mg/ml and 100 mg/ml. The present work has shown that Staphylococcus aureusand Pseudomonas aeruginosa were susceptible to assayed medicated (Tetmosol) and antiseptic (Premier cool) soaps. This study proved that all the soaps samples had antibacterial activity against all the tested bacterial strains. Still, Premier cool soap is the most effective soap against all the given bacteria and should be the first choice for daily use. It is recommended that further studies should be done on antimicrobial resistance, both phenotypic and genotypic, concerning prolonged use of medicated and antiseptic soaps.
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Syukri, Daimon. "Development and Improvement of Antiseptic Liquid Soap Production with the Addition of Gambir Extract in CV. Novalindo, Padang." Pelita Eksakta 5, no. 2 (2022): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/pelitaeksakta/vol5-iss2/184.
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This activity was carried out in order to increase the effectiveness of antiseptic liquid soap by adding extracts of natural ingredients, namely catechins from Gambir so that the production of antiseptic liquid soap can be increased with the cooperation of CV Novalindo. Antiseptic liquid soap product with the addition of gambir extract was introduced and then production was carried out more in CV. Novalindo. The introduction of technology using active ingredients catechins in the manufacture of liquid soap can be utilized by CV. Novalindo to develop liquid soap made from active catechins as a natural antiseptic in liquid soap. It is hoped that this product will become a brand by CV Novalindo.
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Nuswantoro, Ari, Maulidiyah Salim, Slamet, and Dinasti Aprillia. "Number of Bacterial Colonies After Washing Hands with Antiseptic Soap and Regular Soap: A Study on Department of Health Analyst Students in Poltekkes Kemenkes Pontianak." Jurnal teknologi Kesehatan Borneo 1, no. 2 (2020): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.30602/jtkb.v1i2.27.
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Hand washing is a healthy activity carried out by many parties. Getting used to wash your hands properly will increase health. The soap on the market is plain hand washing soap and antiseptic handwashing soap. The second type is claimed to be more effective in reducing the amount of bacterial contamination than plain soap because it contains antimicrobial ingredients to increase product sales. This study aims to determine the differences in the number of bacterial colonies on the palms of students who wash their hands with antiseptic soap and plain soap among students of Analyst Department of Pontianak Health Polytechnic, Minister of Health. This research was quasi-experimental, with 24 respondents. Each respondent was asked to wash hands properly twice, the first with plain soap that does not contain an antiseptic (A) and the second with soap containing antiseptic (B). After examining the number of bacteria on the respondent’s thumb, the average number of bacterial colonies got in treatments A and B was 45,5 and 38,8 CFU, respectively. Mann-Whitney U statistical test results got a probability value of 0.391> 0.05, which means there is no difference in the number of bacterial colonies in the palms that washing hands with plain soap and with antiseptic soap. This study revealed the fact that the number of bacterial colonies in the group that washed hands with antiseptic soap was lower than those who washed their hands with ordinary soap.
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Alsagher, Mohamed R., Sally A. Soudah, Asma E. Khsheba, et al. "Hand Washing Before and After Applying Different Hand Hygiene Techniques in Places of Public Concern in Tripoli-Libya." Open Microbiology Journal 12, no. 1 (2018): 364–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874285801812010364.
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Background:Hand hygiene has being considered as one of the primary measures to improve standards and practice for hospital care and to minimize the transmission of nosocomial pathogens. There is substantial evidence that incidence of hospital acquired infections is reduced by applying hand antisepsis. Regarding hand hygiene and public concern, hand washing has revealed that 85% of the observed adults wash their hands after using public toilets.Objective:To compare the efficacy of hand rubbing with an alcohol based solution versus conventional hand washing with antiseptic and non-antiseptic soaps in reducing bacterial counts using different hand hygiene techniques.Methods:Ninety-three volunteers took part in this study; 57 from Tripoli Medical Center (TMC); 16 from school; 11 from bank; and 9 from office. All volunteers performed six hand hygiene techniques, immediately before and after a volunteer practice activity: hand washing with non-antiseptic soap for 10 and 30 second (s); hand washing with antiseptic soap for 10, 30 or 60 s; and alcohol-based hand rub. A total of 864 specimens were taken: 432 before and 432 after volunteer's hand hygiene. The fingertips of the dominant hand for each volunteer were pressed on to agar for culture before and after each hand hygiene technique. Plates were incubated at 37oC, and colony-forming units were counted after 48 hours and pathogenic bacteria were identified.Results:Results showed that 617 specimens (71.41%) were positive for bacterial growth. 301 (48.78%) were from TMC, 118 (19.12%) were from office; 107 (14.34%) were from school and 91 (14.75%) were from bank.Conclusion:Both antiseptic and non–antiseptic soaps did not work properly in reducing bacterial counts of worker’s hands at all places of study, but significantly improved by an application of alcohol based gel.
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Zubairu, Abdu, Abdullahi S. B. Gimba, and Mohammed B. Korode. "Synthesis of Antiseptic Soap from Blends of Wood Tar and Some Selected Vegetable Oils." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 6, no. 1 (2021): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejers.2021.6.1.2275.
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Antiseptic soap is a cleansing product to which active ingredient have been added to kill bacteria or germs. Usually, the price associated with conventional antiseptic soap is prohibitive, thus the need for cheap alternative sources of antiseptic soap could not be overemphasized. Traditionally, wood tar inherits antiseptic properties from the parent tree, it therefore provides an easily accessible and affordable recipe for antiseptic soap manufacture. In this paper, we elucidate the use of wood tar extracted from selected local trees (cassia, eucalyptus, and neem) as feedstock to synthesize antibacterial soap, by blending separately with vegetable oil. Two common vegetable oils (castor and peanut oils) were used in this work. The wood tar extracted by destructive distillation of the wood was characterized using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry techniques. The analysis indicates that wood tar from the selected trees contain antiseptic components like creosol. The optimum blend ratios of wood tar to vegetable oil suitable for saponification in terms of soap yield was also investigated. Similarly, the soap formulation from optimum blend of wood tar and vegetable oil was characterized to determine pH, foam ability, cleansing power and the microbial activity of the soap. The antimicrobial sensitivity results indicate that the soap has significant inhibitory property on E. coli bacteria. More also, for the selected vegetable oils considered, peanut oil blend was found to give higher yield of soap compared to castor oil blend.
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Zubairu, Abdu, Abdullahi S. B. Gimba, and Mohammed B. Korode. "Synthesis of Antiseptic Soap from Blends of Wood Tar and Some Selected Vegetable Oils." European Journal of Engineering and Technology Research 6, no. 1 (2021): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24018/ejeng.2021.6.1.2275.
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Antiseptic soap is a cleansing product to which active ingredient have been added to kill bacteria or germs. Usually, the price associated with conventional antiseptic soap is prohibitive, thus the need for cheap alternative sources of antiseptic soap could not be overemphasized. Traditionally, wood tar inherits antiseptic properties from the parent tree, it therefore provides an easily accessible and affordable recipe for antiseptic soap manufacture. In this paper, we elucidate the use of wood tar extracted from selected local trees (cassia, eucalyptus, and neem) as feedstock to synthesize antibacterial soap, by blending separately with vegetable oil. Two common vegetable oils (castor and peanut oils) were used in this work. The wood tar extracted by destructive distillation of the wood was characterized using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry techniques. The analysis indicates that wood tar from the selected trees contain antiseptic components like creosol. The optimum blend ratios of wood tar to vegetable oil suitable for saponification in terms of soap yield was also investigated. Similarly, the soap formulation from optimum blend of wood tar and vegetable oil was characterized to determine pH, foam ability, cleansing power and the microbial activity of the soap. The antimicrobial sensitivity results indicate that the soap has significant inhibitory property on E. coli bacteria. More also, for the selected vegetable oils considered, peanut oil blend was found to give higher yield of soap compared to castor oil blend.
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Suprianto, Sumardi, Debi Meilani, and Sri Rahayu. "Formulasi dan Evaluasi Sediaan Sabun Padat Antiseptik Ekstrak Etanol Daun Kunyit." Jurnal Indah Sains dan Klinis 3, no. 1 (2022): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.52622/jisk.v3i1.44.
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The plant of findings turmeric (Curcuma longa) are often used as a traditional medicinal. The part of the turmeric plant that is often used is the rhizome. In addition to turmeric rhizome, turmeric leaves are also used as a flavoring dish. Among the benefits of turmeric leaves is as an antimicrobial. Soap is a surfactant used for washing and cleaning. Antiseptics are inhibitors for the growth and development of microorganisms that live on the surface of the body. The study was to determine which ethanol extract of turmeric leaves could be formulated into antiseptic solid soap preparations. This study used an experimental method, turmeric leaves were extracted with 70% ethanol. The formula made are 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%. The quality of the soap preparation was carried out by organoleptic tests, acidity, high foam and irritation. The results test showed that the solid soap did not have the aroma of turmeric leaves, the pH of the soap was 9.9-10.5; foam height with a concentration of 7.5% which is 7.3 cm; and solid soap preparations ethanol extract of turmeric leaves did not cause irritation. The extract of turmeric leaves can be formulated into solid soap preparations. It is recommended to add perfume to the formulation of solid soap preparations of turmeric leaf extract as an antiseptic.
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Azwar, Azwar, Anwar Thaib, Chaidir Fajar, Adjie August Priatna, and Mohd Fauzi Zanil. "Optimization of Antiseptic Paper Soap through Varying NaOH Concentration: Combination of Cooking Oil, Citronella Oil, and Aloe Vera." Industria: Jurnal Teknologi dan Manajemen Agroindustri 12, no. 2 (2023): 131–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.industria.2023.012.02.3.
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Antiseptic paper soap is convenient because it is flexible, safe for the skin, easily foams, and relatively affordable. Measuring the ratio between the concentrations of NaOH, cooking oil, citronella oil, and aloe vera additives is needed to improve the quality of antiseptic paper soap. Testing the saponification rate, density, pH, water content, fatty acid (FA) level, and free alkali content is critical to determine the characteristics of antiseptic paper soap so that it meets the standards for solid bath soap according to SNI 3532-2021 which is closest to the characteristics of paper soap because SNI for paper soap is not yet available. The weight ratio of citronella oil to cooking oil used is 1:1, 1:2, and 1:3. The NaOH concentrations used were 30%, 40%, and 50% w/v. The natural additives used are 0%, 5%, and up to 10% of the total mass. The research results showed that saponification value of the antiseptic paper soap produced was 197.724 milligrams KOH/gram up to 206.138 milligrams KOH/gram, the pH of the antiseptic paper soap was 9.1-10.6, the water content value was 10.940%-23.863%, the alkali content value free is 0.044%-0.104%, total fatty acid (FA) content is 29.688%-45.734%. The best antiseptic paper soap is produced using 30% w/v NaOH with a weight ratio of citronella oil to cooking oil used of 1:1 and natural additives (aloe vera) 5% of the total mass.
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Silvia, Nuris, and Shovi Amila. "Production of Hand Washing Soap from Ethanol Extract of Fern (Pteridophyta), Nampong Leaves (Siegesbeckia orientalis) and Thistle Plants (Calotropis gigantea)." Journal of Natural Sciences and Mathematics Research 5, no. 1 (2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/jnsmr.2019.5.1.11022.
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Soap is an ingredient that comes from natural oils or fats reacting with caustic soda in the process known as lathering or saponification. Hand washing soap from fern (Pteridophyta) as the main ingredient is one of the antiseptic soaps that will be made, by comparing the drug Spirulina to determine the level of anti-bacteria produced. This study uses a hot process method with a soap heating time of about 20 minutes and a heating temperature of around 80°C. The results of testing the quality of hand washing soap as an antiseptic that meets the test standards are organoleptic test, acidity test (pH), foam resistance level test, and skin irritation test. So it's good to use as a hand sanitizer to get rid of bacteria and germs. ©2019 JNSMR UIN Walisongo. All rights reserved.
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Tyowua, AT, MO Obochi, MM Terhemen, and M. Targema. "Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) Benth. Leaf Extract as an Antimicrobial Agent in Antiseptic Handwash Liquid Soap." Nig Annals of Pure & Appl Sci 5, no. 1 (2022): 109–25. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6615595.
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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> Synthetic antimicrobial agents, e.g., methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone, used in antiseptic handwash liquid soaps are now associated with both environmental and health concerns; therefore, it is pertinent to search for alternatives. Plant extracts are promising in this regard. Using saponification, a handwash liquid soap was formulated with <em>Parkia biglobosa</em> (Jacq.) leaf extract as an antimicrobial agent. The soap inhibited the growth of <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> and <em>Candida albicans</em> to the same degree (p > 0.05) as the extract alone. The results also compared favorably (p > 0.05) with those of Dettol handwash liquid soap which contains both methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone as antimicrobial agents. From the foregoing, <em>P. biglobosa</em> (Jacq.) Benth. leaf extract can be used as an antimicrobial agent in antiseptic handwash liquid soaps rather than the noxious synthetic methylchloroisothiazolinone and methylisothiazolinone.
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Nur Cholifah, Rizki Dwi, Paramitha Amelia Kusumawardhani, and Nurul Azizah. "The Use of Antiseptic Soap with Vaginal Discharge." Jurnal Kebidanan Midwiferia 7, no. 2 (2021): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/midwiferia.v7i2.1320.
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Leucorrhoea is an unusual discharge other than blood from the vagina, whether it smells or doesn't. One of the factors that influence the incidence of vaginal discharge is the use of antiseptic. Antiseptic soap which is now widely used by teenagers because of their desire to try. Because vaginal discharge sometimes adolescents choose to reduce by using an antiseptic soap. The incidence of vaginal discharge in students of the psychology faculty of the Muhammadiyah University of Sidoarjo is very high, namely 80%. The research objective was to determine the relationship between the use of antiseptic soap and the incidence of vaginal discharge. The research design used a cross sectional data approach and presented in the form of cross tabulations, then the chi square test was performed. Samples were obtained from the entire population of students in semester 2 of the psychology faculty of Muhammadiyah University as many as 30 female students. With the inclusion criteria aged 18-21 years who experienced vaginal discharge and used antiseptic soap. The data used are primary data with a questionnaire presented in the form of a frequency table, cross tabulation is carried out by the chi square test to determine the existence of a relationship. The results showed that half of female students (50.0%) used antiseptic soap well and most (66.7%) experienced physiological vaginal discharge. In conclusion, there is a relationship between the use of anisepticsoap and the incidence of vaginal discharge.
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Jumrah, Elfira, Andi Nur Fitriani Abubakar, Ayu Safitri Agustina, Syahdam Karneng, and Herdie Idriawien Gusti. "Formulation of Lahuna Leave (Eupatorium odoratum) and Sirih Leave Extract (Piper betle L.) as Antiseptic Liquid Soap." Indo. J. Chem. Res. 10, no. 3 (2023): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598//ijcr.2023.10-jum.
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Infectious diseases caused by microorganisms are the main cause of high morbidity and mortality in the world. One of the plants that have the potential as an antiseptic is a lahuna leaf. Lahuna leaves contain active antibacterial compounds and the addition of betel leaf to the liquid soap formulations can strengthen the activity of the antiseptic produced. The purpose of this research is to test the effectiveness of liquid soap formulations of lahuna leaves and betel leaves as an antiseptic. The methods used include phytochemical screening, physical observation of liquid soap formulations, and antibacterial activity tests using agar diffusion methods. The results of the phytochemical analysis showed that lahuna leaves contain flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, and alkaloids, while betel leaves contain flavonoids, saponins, tannins, terpenoids, and alkaloids. The liquid soap formulation of lahuna leaves and betel leaves has a clear yellow color, distinctive aroma, liquid form, rough taste, and lots of foam and has very strong inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus which is characterized by clear zones formed for each formulation I (22.4 mm), formulation II (21.8 mm) and formulation III (20.1 mm). These results indicate the potential of liquid soap formulations of lahuna leaves and betel leaves as antiseptic soap.
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Septiana Ambarwati, Nur Arifah Hidayati, and Henny Parida Hutapea. "Inovasi Bersih: Pelatihan Pembuatan Sabun Cuci Tangan Ekstrak Sereh Wangi (Citronella) Bersama Karang Taruna IKRIMA Gondangrejo Karanganyar." SAFARI :Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Indonesia 4, no. 3 (2024): 153–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.56910/safari.v4i3.1625.
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Karang Taruna (IKRIMA) plays an active role in increasing productivity by participating in a training program for making natural antiseptic hand washing soap made from citronella. The choice of citronella as the main ingredient is based on its high economic value and natural properties. Additionally, citronella can inhibit the growth of bacteria, viruses, and fungi, making it an ideal choice for hand hygiene products. IKRIMA members have taken part in a series of comprehensive training regarding the manufacture of antiseptic hand washing soap. This activity includes product manufacturing and packaging practices. IKRIMA can produce hand washing soap that meets the desired quality standards, both in terms of antiseptic effectiveness as well as safety and comfort for users. Making antiseptic hand washing soap is one of the positive activities that encourages IKRIMA members to continue learning and developing. Apart from improving skills and knowledge, this activity also provides economic benefits for them and the surrounding community through the sale of the products produced.
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Rahama, Muhammad Sulaiman, and Abubakar Sani. "Production of Antiseptic Tablet Aloe Vera Soap." Volume 5 - 2020, Issue 8 - August 5, no. 8 (2020): 612–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.38124/ijisrt20aug454.
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This research work aimed at investigating some phytochemical constituents present in aloe vera based antiseptic soap and its activity against some selected microorganisms. The soap was produced using hot process and the antimicrobial activity was performed against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia Coli and Candida albicans using the method of agar well diffusion. The produced soap exhibited highest zone of inhibition on Staphylococcus aureus with 8.6 mm, 10.1 mm, 13.8 mm and 15.1 mm at 25 mg/mL, 50 mg/mL, 100 mg/mL and 200 mg/mL respectively, no inhibition was observed on E. Coli while the C. albicans was slightly inhibited by the soap by 7.6 mm, 9.0 mm, 13.2 mm at 50 mg/mL, 100 mg/mL, 200mg/mL respectively. The phytochemical screening conducted confirmed the presence of tannins, saponins, reducing sugar and flavonoid in the plant extract. The results of the investigations clearly indicated that aloe vera based soap had possessed antimicrobial activity against the tested microorganisms due to the presence of the confirmned phytoconstituents. Likewise pH, formability, and antimicrobial activity of the produced soap were comparable with the commercial soap.
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Tanuwijaya, Fenny Chaindra, and Nuno Sutrisno. "Peningkatan Penjualan melalui Brand Loyalty." Media Bisnis 14, no. 2 (2022): 237–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.34208/mb.v14i2.1676.
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This research aims to determine the effect of Brand Evaluation, Trust, Satisfaction, Brand Relationship, Brand Affect, Brand Image, and Product Quality on Brand Loyalty users of Dettol antiseptic bath soap in DKI Jakarta. The population in this study was the customers of of Dettol antiseptic bath soap, living in DKI Jakarta. The samples were 146 respondents by purposive sampling method. The Assessment of each variable used 5 points of Likert Scale. Data processing used multiple regression. The results of this study indicate that there is an influence Trust, Satisfaction, Brand Image, and Product Quality on Brand Loyalty of Dettol antiseptic bath soap in DKI Jakarta.
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Kurniawati, Darini. "Pengembangan Produk Sabun Cair Herbal terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli." FARMASIS: Jurnal Sains Farmasi 3, no. 2 (2022): 50–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.36456/farmasis.v3i2.5659.
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Abstrak
 Mencuci tangan dengan sabun bisa memutus mata rantai penyebaran Covid-19. Saat ini sabun cair lebih disukai karena lebih praktis digunakan. Oleh karena itu, kami ingin meneliti lebih lanjut efektifitas sabun cair herbal antiseptik pengembangan formulasi antiseptik herbal dari penelitian sebelumnya.
 Tujuan: Mengetahui efektivitas formulasi kombinasi herbal daun sirih, kulit jeruk nipis dan tanaman bundung dalam produk sabun cair antiseptik
 Metode: True eksperimental, kelompok mencuci tangan dengan sabun cair herbal, kelompok kontrol , uji daya hambat terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia colli beserta evaluasi ph, organoleptik, stabilitas busa, kadar air, asam lemak bebas dan alkali bebas.
 Hasil: Bentuk cair, bau lemon dan warna kuning, busa 15 – 70 mm, pH 10, kadar air 52%, asam lemak bebas 0,05%, alkali bebas 0,091%. penurunan angka kuman sebesar 90,5% dan diperkuat dengan analisa bivariat menggunakan Paired T tes diperoleh nilai signifikansi 0,0001 (<0,05). uji antibakteri dengan metode dilusi dan dilanjutkan daya hambat mikroba diperoleh KHM. Terhadap Staphylococcus aureus KHM pada konsentrasi 25% dan KBM pada konsentrasi 25%.Terhadap Escherichia colli KHM pada konsentrasi 30% dan KBM pada konsentrasi 25% .
 Kesimpulan: : Sabun cair herbal daun sirih, kulit jeruk nipis dan tanaman bundung sesuai standar SNI sabun cair yang dipersyaratkan, efektif menurunkan angka kuman dan ditemukan KHM serta KBM pada semua mikroba yang diujikan.
 Kata kunci : sabun cair _herbal_antiseptik
 
 
 
 Abstract
 Washing hands with soap can break the chain of the spread of Covid-19. Currently liquid soap is preferred because it is more practical to use. Therefore, we would like to further investigate the effectiveness of herbal antiseptic liquid soap in developing herbal antiseptic formulations from previous studies.
 Objective: To determine the effectiveness of the herbal combination formulation of betel leaf, lime peel and bund plants in antiseptic liquid soap.
 Methods: True experimental, hand washing group with herbal liquid soap, control group, test of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia colli along with evaluation of pH, organoleptic, foam stability, moisture content, free fatty acids and free alkali.
 Results: Liquid form, lemon odor and yellow color, foam 15 – 70 mm, pH 10, water content 52%, free fatty acids 0.05%, free alkali 0.091%. decrease in germ numbers by 90.5% and strengthened by bivariate analysis using Paired T test obtained a significance value of 0.0001 (<0.05). antibacterial test by dilution method and continued with microbial inhibition obtained MIC. Against Staphylococcus aureus MIC at a concentration of 25% and MBC at a concentration of 25%. Against Escherichia colli MIC at a concentration of 30% and MBC at a concentration of 25%.
 Conclusion:Betel leaf herbal liquid soap, lime peel and bundung plants according to the required SNI standard for liquid soap, effectively reduce the number of germs and MIC and KBM were found in all tested microbes.
 Keywords: liquid soap _herbal_antiseptic
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Marhamah, Marhamah, Sri Ujiani, and Maria Tuntun. "Kemampuan Sabun Antiseptik Cair yang Mengandung Triclosan yang Terdaftar di BPOM dalam Menghambat Pertumbuhan Bakteri Escherichia coli." Jurnal Kesehatan 10, no. 1 (2019): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.26630/jk.v10i1.1228.
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<p>In the community, there is still circulating hand washing soap containing triclosan and registered with BPOM/Ministry of Health, but the packaging is not printed how many milliliters of water should be added so that the concentration is not effective in killing bacteria on the hand. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of liquid antiseptic soap containing triclosan registered at BPOM/Ministry of Health in inhibiting the growth of Escherichia coli bacteria and bacteria on the hands. The research was carried out at the Bacteriology Laboratory of the Department of Health Analyst at Tanjungkarang Health Polytechnic and Lampung Veterinary Center in July-November 2017. This type of research was a completely randomized design. Pre-experiment of one group pre-post-test, the test method of Total Plate Numbers (ALT). Test uses concentrations of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% with 5 repetitions. The results showed the strength of liquid antiseptic soap containing triclosan with a concentration of 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% and 10% including the criteria of being moderate and effective in killing bacteria on the hand with a decrease in germ number 96.18%. The Anova test obtained p-value 0,000, meaning that there was an effect of the concentration of liquid antiseptic soap on the growth of Escherichia coli bacteria. The LSD test results showed a significant difference between each liquid antiseptic soap concentration (p-value 0,000-0,024) in inhibiting bacterial growth. The results of the T-test showed that there were differences in the number of germs (ALT) in the hands before and after hand washing with liquid antiseptic soap.</p>
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Purbosari, Ira. "Uji Aktivitas Daya Hambat Antimikroba Produk Antiseptik Hand Sanitizer dan Sabun Cair terhadap Bakteri Staphylococcus aureus." FARMASIS: Jurnal Sains Farmasi 2, no. 1 (2021): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.36456/farmasis.v2i1.3620.
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Washing hands is the first step to avoid various germs that cause infectious diseases, but this step is often ignored or overlooked. The use of hand sanitizer antiseptics and liquid soap is recommended early to avoid various types of germs that cause infectious diseases. Liquid soap can make viruses and bacteria unable to infect and reproduce. Because fat or lipids are damaged by detergents. Apart from antiseptic soap, hand sanitizers can disinfect and clean hands without soap. Hand sanitizers contain antibacterial ingredients such as triclosan or other antimicrobial agents which can inhibit the growth of bacteria on the hands such as Staphylococcus aureus. The purpose of this study was to determine the comparison of the effectiveness test of washing hands using antiseptic soap, running water, and hand sanitizer. In this study, the method used was the disc diffusion technique and the zone of inhibition was determined. This study uses 5 kinds of hand sanitizers that already have a distribution permit and negative control in the form of oil carriers. And the antimicrobial inhibition test was carried out with Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Of the five hand sanitizer samples, there is an inhibition zone, namely in the sample HS code 1 (70% alcohol and castor oil) and HS 5 (70% alcohol), where the diameter of the inhibition zone is 1.8 mm and 4.3 mm. This shows that the response to growth inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria is very weak. Therefore, it can be concluded that the antibacterial activity of locally produced liquid soap and hand sanitizer is very weak in inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.
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Mohamoud Ali, Abdullahi, Abdolahi Mohamed Adawe, Said Rajab Abdullahi, and Mohamed Kassim Awow. "WHITENING AND COLOR IMPROVING IN TOILET SOAP MANUFACTURE WITH THE STUDY OF SOME PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES." International Journal of Advanced Research 10, no. 01 (2022): 945–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/14128.
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Soap is one of the most effectual cleaning agents in water. Soaps are prepared by the process of saponification reaction. Sodium and potassium salts soap is used for both laundry and antiseptic purposes. Toilet soap is the perfumery and cosmetic product and serves for personal hygiene, so it should have the broadest possible range of specific characteristics. This study was undertaking to address the raw material in soap and method of saponification and manufacturing usage. The study was also conducted some of the physical and chemical properties such as: (pH, Total dissolve solids (TDS), free alkali, saponification valueof toilet soaps). The study revealed that soapbleaching is usually done to improve color, remove impurities and improve taste. Sodium chloride and sodium silicate were used as bleaching chemicals as well as improving the color the toilet soapmanufacture.
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Baehaki, Ace, Shanti Dwita Lestari, and Dica Fusva Hildianti. "The Utilization of Seaweed Eucheuma cottonii in the Production of Antiseptic Soap." Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia 22, no. 1 (2019): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v22i1.25891.
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The aim of study was to formulate solid soap made from Eucheuma cottonii seaweed which has antiseptic properties. This study used a Complate Randomized Design (CRD) with one factor adding extract<br />E. cottonii seaweed (0 ppm, 250 ppm, 500 ppm and 750 ppm). The steps included sample preparation, extraction, production of antiseptic soap, chemical physics test (moisture content, pH, free alkali, foam stability, and hardness) and antibacterial test. The results showed that the addition of E. cottonii seaweed extract had a significant effect on free alkali, foam stability, and soap hardness except the moisture content<br />and acidity (pH) of the soap. Moisture content of solid soap ranged 20.03-27.62%, pH 11.22-11.57, the free alkali value was 0.05-0.53%, foam stability was 42.77-74.42%, and hardness was in the range of 102.10-387.84%. Antibacterial activity test showed inhibitory diameter in E. cottonii extract soap ranged 11.08-17.15 mm, classified as a strong antibacterial activity (&gt; 11 mm), while the antibacterial inhibitory diameter of E. cottonii extract was 0–12.26 mm. The higher the concentration of seaweed extract E. cottonii, the higher the inhibition zone (antibacterial activity) of soap produced. The best treatment of antiseptic soap produced was seaweed extract with concentration of 750 ppm which had the highest inhibition zone against S. aureus compared to other treatments.
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Marya, D. T., A. Sofiana, and N. A. Usman. "Efektifitas Penambahan Curd Kefir terhadap Mutu Sabun dan Daya Hambat Pertumbuhan Escherichia coli pada Sabun Alami Berbahan Dasar Tallow." PETERPAN (Jurnal Peternakan Terapan) 4, no. 2 (2022): 38–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.25181/peterpan.v4i2.2771.
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The ban on using triclosan as an antiseptic in bath soap in various countries has given rise to new ideas to apply natural ingredients as an alternative. Curd kefir, as a natural ingredient, can be used as an alternative antiseptic. In this study, the manufacturing of tallow-based soap has been developed by adding kefir curd as an antiseptic to improve the soap's quality and inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli. The results showed no significant difference in the soap's free alkali content, saponification number, and hardness. The inhibition of the growth of Escherichia coli increased with the rise of kefir curd concentration.
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Koulierakis, George, Anastasia Dermatis, Dimitris Zavras, and Elpida Pavi. "Protective behaviors during COVID-19 confinement measures in Greece: the role of anxiety, perceived risk and risky-choice framing." AIMS Public Health 10, no. 2 (2023): 281–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/publichealth.2023021.
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<abstract> <p>Confinement measures at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic imposed major changes on the global population. The aim of this study was to explore the level to which the public adhered to protective guidelines by adopting the most appropriate behaviors at that time (such as hand washing with soap and using sanitizer gel) and to identify the determinants of these behaviors. A purposive sample of 1013 individuals was invited and voluntarily participated in the online survey. The questionnaire collected information on demographic data, hand washing, risk perception, anxiety (through the S = Anxiety scale of STAI) and risky-choice framing. Results showed increased levels of anxiety, a moderate perception of the risk of catching coronavirus and increased adoption of protective behaviors, such as handwashing and cleaning surfaces with disinfectant/antiseptic products. Multiple ordinal logistic regression models showed that being female, more educated and cleaning home with disinfectant / antiseptic products predicted handwashing with soap. Additionally, having an increased perception of getting the coronavirus, being older and cleaning the home with disinfectant / antiseptic products predicted handwashing with antiseptics. Public health interventions should take into consideration the unified cleaning pattern and the combined effect of sociodemographic variables and risk perception on the adoption of protective behaviour in the context of a health crisis which is out of people's control.</p> </abstract>
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Lestari, Uce, Miko Asih Soenarih, and Galih Puja Satrio. "Training on Making Antiseptic Liquid Soap for Mangrove Type Pedada (Sonneratia cassiolaris) to the Community in Tani Baru Village, Anggana District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency, East Kalimantan Province." Salus Publica: Journal of Community Service 1, no. 1 (2023): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.58905/saluspublica.v1i1.99.
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One of the efforts to increase public awareness of the importance of preserving mangrove ecosystems in the Mahakam Delta is by developing the capacity of the community to be able to take advantage of the potential of existing mangroves in the Mahakam Delta region. When the community is able to obtain economic value from the utilization of non-timber mangrove forest products, it is hoped that public awareness of the existence and sustainability of mangrove forests will increase. One of the mangrove products that has economic value and is a daily need for the community is an antiseptic liquid soap with the addition of pedada (Sonneratia cassiolaris) mangrove fruit extract. Antiseptic liquid soap with pedada fruit extract can be utilized and meet the sanitation needs of the community in Tani Baru Village, Anggana District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency as one of the villages in the Mahakam Delta region in particular. With the training on making bacada fruit antiseptic liquid soap, the aim is for the community to be able to increase their creativity in exploring pedada-type mangroves into a product that provides added value and high economic value. The results that have been achieved in this training are that the community is able to make their own antiseptic liquid soap for their daily needs and can open up business opportunities in entrepreneurship
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Vitebskaya, A. V., and K. P. Telegina. "The effect of antiseptic solutions on the accuracy in blood glucose measurement using a personal glucose meter." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 19 (November 26, 2024): 126–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/ms2024-431.
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Introduction. Patients with diabetes mellitus perform blood glucose measurements daily using their personal glucose meters. The procedure of disinfecting the place of blood sampling with antiseptic solutions or washing hands with soap and drying them thoroughly is recommended to the patients to prevent infections. However, the effects of used antiseptics on the accuracy in blood glucose measurement using glucose meters have not been evaluated.Aim. To evaluate the effects of antiseptic solutions on the accuracy in blood glucose measurement using a personal glucose meter. Materials and methods. We mixed several drops of the control solution (CS) with low “L” or high “H” concentrations, which were developed for the Contour Plus glucose meter, and a drop of one of five antiseptic solutions: chlorhexidine bigluconate (Chlorhexidine), benzyl dimethyl[3-(myristoylamine)-propyl] ammonium chloride monohydrate (Miramistin), salts of fatty acids (liquid soap), ethyl alcohol, hydrogen peroxide. Thereafter, the blood glucose levels were measured with a glucose meter. The results obtained were compared with the reference range for the CS with appropriate concentration.Results. Chlorhexidine solution had no effect on the blood glucose measurements in the CS. Adding Miramistin solution (1/5 of the sample with CS “L” and “H”) and liquid soap (4/5 of the sample with CS “L” and 2/5 of the sample with CS “H”) resulted in underestimating blood glucose measurements. Alcohol solution had no effect on the blood glucose measurements in the CS “L”, but the glucometer failed to measure the blood glucose concentration in half of the cases, requiring the test strip to be replaced (“E11” error); when mixed with CS “H”, the measurements were overestimated in 2/5 of samples. Adding hydrogen peroxide solution (4/5 of the sample with CR “L” and “H”) resulted in overestimating the blood glucose measurements.Discussion. Getting fruit juice on the hands, applying hydroquinone-containing cosmetics to the skin affects the accuracy in glucose measurements. Correct use of alcohol-containing disinfectants does not affect results of the blood glucose measurement using a personal glucose meter.Conclusion. The results of the blood glucose measurement using a glucose meter can be significantly distorted if antiseptic gets into the sample. Traces of antiseptic should be removed before obtaining the sample that will be used to measure the blood glucose level with a glucose meter. Hydrogen peroxide should not be used as antiseptic solution when using a glucose meter.
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Wong, Flora S. Y. "Use of Cleansing Agents at the Peritoneal Catheter Exit Site." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 23, no. 2_suppl (2003): 148–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686080302302s31.
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Heavy bacterial colonization results in exit-site infection. Antiseptic and non antiseptic agents have both been used for exit-site cleansing. An ideal cleansing agent should not only reduce the number of microorganisms, but should also be harmless to the body's defenses and should not interfere with wound healing. In vitro studies using animal cells have demonstrated that some antiseptic agents have adverse effects on wound healing. Strong cytotoxic antiseptics should be discouraged in exit-site cleansing. In choosing an appropriate cleansing agent for exit-site care, the phase of wound healing, the condition of the exit site, and the goal of cleansing should be taken into consideration. Antimicrobial soap is recommended for cleansing a healed exit site, but biocompatible solution is preferred for the postoperative, infected, or traumatized exit site. In vivo studies on the effectiveness of some cleansing agents are still lacking, and clinical study of exit-site cleansing is needed to determine the most effective agents for the task.
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Adeyemi, Adewale Fatai. "Evaluation of Sodium and Potassium Soaps Prepared from Beeswax: Adding Value to Material." International Journal of Chemistry and Materials Research 10, no. 1 (2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/64.v10i1.3076.
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This study investigated the potential of producing quality soaps from beeswax with a view to widening its applications and providing alternative to the high demanding fats and oils. Its potassium and sodium soaps were prepared by hot method and their properties examined. The FTIR spectroscopy indicated carboxylate band at 1560.46 cm−1 for both soaps, which is, however, absent in the original beeswax, showing that metal ions associated with the COO− ions in monodendate structures. The soaps have good qualities with respect to pH, foam ability, longevity, hardness, free alkali and total fatty matter, with the potassium soap having higher qualities. The foam ability and stability of the potassium soap were comparable to those of some commercial toilet and laundry soaps. The sodium soap, however, has better lubricating properties due to its unstable foam and low water solubility. Both prepared soaps showed lower antibacterial activity than tested antiseptic soaps but displayed almost the same activity with those of tested toilet soaps. The results showed that beeswax has the potential to serve as a good alternative to the conventional fats and oils in soap industry.
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Oughton, Matthew T., Vivian G. Loo, Nandini Dendukuri, Susan Fenn, and Michael D. Libman. "Hand Hygiene with Soap and Water Is Superior to Alcohol Rub and Antiseptic Wipes for Removal ofClostridium difficile." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 30, no. 10 (2009): 939–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/605322.
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Objective.To evaluate common hand hygiene methods for efficacy in removingClostridium difficik.Design.Randomized crossover comparison among 10 volunteers with hands experimentally contaminated by nontoxigenic C.difficile.Methods.Interventions included warm water with plain soap, cold water with plain soap, warm water with antibacterial soap, antiseptic hand wipes, alcohol-based handrub, and a control involving no Intervention. All interventions were evaluated for mean reduction in colony-forming units (CFUs) under 2 contamination protocols: “whole hand” and “palmar surface.” Results were analyzed according to a Bayesian approach, by using hierarchical models adjusted for multiple observations.Results.Under the whole-hand protocol, the greatest adjusted mean reductions were achieved by warm water with plain soap (2.14 log10CFU/mL [95% credible interval (Cri), 1.74-2.54 log10CFU/mL]), cold water with plain soap (1.88 log10CFU/mL [95% Cri, 1.48-2.28 log10CFU/mL), and warm water with antibacterial soap (1.51 log10CFU/mL [95% Cri, 1.12-1.91 logu, CFU/mL]), followed by antiseptic hand wipes (0.57 log10CFU/mL [95% Cri, 0.17-0.96 log10CFU/mL]). Alcohol-based handrub (0.06 log10CFU/mL [95% CrI, -0.34 to 0.45 log10CFU/mL]) was equivalent to no Intervention. Under the palmar surface protocol, warm water with plain soap, cold water with plain soap, and warm water with antibacterial soap again yielded the greatest mean reductions, followed by antiseptic hand wipes (26.6, 26.6, 26.6, and 21.9 CFUs per plate, respectively), when compared with alcohol-based handrub. Hypothenar (odds ratio, 10.98 [95% Cri, 1.96-37.65]) and thenar (odds ratio, 6.99 [95% Cri, 1.25-23.41]) surfaces were more likely than fingertips to remain heavily contaminated after handwashing.Conclusions.Handwashing with soap and water showed the greatest efficacy in removingC. difficileand should be performed preferentially over the use of alcohol-based handrubs when contact withC. difficileis suspected or likely.
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Chaudhari, Varsha M. "Studies on antimicrobial activity of antiseptic soaps and herbal soaps against selected human pathogens." Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research 5, no. 6 (2016): 201–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.31254/jsir.2016.5601.
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In the present study antimicrobial activity of various antiseptic and herbal market soaps were determined against bacterial isolates present on the skin surface like Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa using agar disc diffusion method. Various microbes are deposited on the surface of skin from the dust present in external environment which causes infection. Antimicrobial activities of various soaps on such micro flora pathogens were studied. The results obtained revealed that amongthe antiseptic soaps highest efficacy was performed by Dettol and Lifebuoy Plus soaps against Gram positive isolates but in Gram negative isolates Dettol and Savlon had maximum bactericidal activity. In Herbal soaps Neem followed by Aloe Vera was found to be most effective with all isolates as compared to Haldi Chandan soap. Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found as most resistant isolate to all soaps in the present study.
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Bartzokas, C. A., J. E. Corkill, and T. Makin. "Evaluation of the Skin Disinfecting Activity and Cumulative Effect of Chlorhexidine and Triclosan Handwash Preparations on Hands Artificially Contaminated with Serratia marcescens." Infection Control 8, no. 4 (1987): 163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0195941700065838.
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AbstractThe initial and cumulative efficacy of two antiseptic handwash preparations in eliminating Serratia marcescens from hands was evaluated on volunteers. Two antiseptics with persistent skin antibacterial activity, 4% chlorhexidine gluconate in detergent and 1.5% triclosan in natural soap, were studied in a new protocol designed according to Food and Drug Administration guidelines. After a single handwash, both preparations exhibited a degerming action statistically superior to the mechanical elimination of the marker organism that was achieved by the nonmedicated controls. Following a further nine hand recontamination sequence with 109 colony-forming units (cfu)/mL S marcescens (mean pre-disinfection baseline, log10 6.6), the efficacy of chlorhexidine and triclosan was significantly augmented: the mean log10 reduction factors were 4.15 and 3.78, respectively. In the absence of internationally accepted testing standards for antiseptic handwash products, the significance of protocol variables is discussed. The advantages to preventative microbiology of antiseptics with persistent skin antibacterial activity are highlighted.
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Nurwahdini, Elvita, Nur Mahdi, and Ani Agustina. "FORMULATION AND EFFECTIVENESS TEST OF ANTISEPTIC LIQUID HAND WASHING SOAP PREPARATION FROM TARO LEAF ETHANOL EXTRACT (Colocasia esculenta)." Journal of Pharmacology Experiment and Pharmaceutical Technology 1, no. 1 (2025): 17–22. https://doi.org/10.64015/jpept.v1i1.5.
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The use of natural ingredients as active ingredients with antibacterial activity for making hand soap is still very little. The researcher is interested in conducting research on the formulation and effectiveness test of antiseptic liquid hand soap preparations from ethanol extract of taro leaves (Colocasia esculenta). The extraction process using 70% ethanol solvent at a ratio of 1:10 for 3x24 hours. Phytochemical screening tests were carried out by testing flavonoid compounds, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, and terpenoids. We prepared a Liquid Hand Washing Soap from Taro Leaf Extract (Colocasia esculenta) using a standard formula with three concentrations. Antiseptic Effectiveness Test of Liquid Hand Washing Soap. The method used is the zigzag method. The extraction results obtained were 21.10 grams or 14.06%. The results of the phytochemical screening test were only steroids that showed negative results. Preparation of liquid handwashing soap with concentrations of ethanol extract from taro leaves at 4%, 6%, and 78% can reduce the number of colonies by 30.9%, 51.9%, and 52.5%, respectively.
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Setyowati, Widiastuti Agustina Eko, Reti Prabaraita Nurisah, and Puput Istika Wulandari. "Binahong Leaves Water Extract (Anredera cordifolia (Tenore) Steen.) as a Natural Foaming and Antibacterial Agent of Antiseptic Liquid Bath Soap." JKPK (Jurnal Kimia dan Pendidikan Kimia) 5, no. 2 (2020): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/jkpk.v5i2.29892.
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<p>The research about the use of binahong leaves water extract (<em>Anredera cordifolia (Tenore) Steen.</em>) as a natural foaming and antibacterial agent in the production of antiseptic liquid bath soap has been conducted. The extraction of binahong leaves was done by the maceration method using water solvents, and then saponin identification was carried out using a foam test and <em>Lieberman Burchard</em>. Antiseptic liquid soap is made in 6 preparations with variations in the ratio of Sodium Lauryl Sulfate (SLS) and water extract of binahong leaves. Antibacterial activity test was carried out on <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> and <em>Escherichia coli</em> using the excellent diffusion method. The results showed that binahong leaf water extract contained saponins and produced a stable foam of more than 10 minutes so that it could be used as a natural foaming agent in the production of antiseptic liquid bath soap. The soap produced meets the quality requirements of SNI 06-4085-1996 concerning Liquid Bath Soap, where preparation 4 has the best results with detergency power of 40%; pH 8,87; free alkali content of 0,04%; and a specific gravity of 1,06 gr/ml. A liquid bath soap with binahong leaves water extract surfactant (preparation 6) has the highest antibacterial activity against <em>S. aureus</em> and <em>E. coli</em> with inhibition area diameter of 13,5 mm (strong) and 12,5 mm (strong) respectively.</p>
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Swaim, Steven F., Kay P. Riddell, Dorothy L. Geiger, Terri L. Hathcock, and John A. McGuire. "Evaluation of surgical scrub and antiseptic solutions for surgical preparation of canine paws." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 198, no. 11 (1991): 1941–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.1991.198.11.1941.
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Summary The purpose of the prospective study reported here was to evaluate surgical preparation of canine paws. Three combinations of surgical scrub solutions and antiseptic solutions were used: (1) 7.5% povidone-iodine scrub/10% povidone-iodine solution; (2) 2% chlorhexidine acetate scrub/2% chlorhexidine diacetate solution; and (3) tincture of green soap/70% isopropyl alcohol. The control was warm (38 to 42 C) tap water. Four microbial colony counts were used to evaluate surgical preparation of 4 paws of 8 dogs. Specimens were obtained from the paws for a baseline microbial flora count. After surgical scrub was performed, additional specimens were obtained for bacteriologic culturing. Antiseptic was applied followed by collection of another specimen for bacteriologic culturing. A final specimen was obtained following a 24-hour period under a sterile occlusive bandage. The 3 scrub solutions and the tap water control resulted in lower colony counts following scrubbing of the paws; however, only the 3 antiseptic solutions resulted in further colony count reduction after their application. Evaluation of residual colony counts isolated from specimens taken after a 24-hour period under a sterile occlusive bandage revealed chlorhexidine and povidone-iodine scrub/antiseptic combinations to be similar in antibacterial activity, with significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower colony counts than those from specimens of paws treated with either the tincture of green soap/isopropyl alcohol combination or the tap water control. The lack of a significant difference between the bacterial counts immediately after surgical preparation with povidone-iodine and chlorhexidine and their respective 24-hour residual counts, indicated no particular advantage to surgical preparation and occlusive bandaging 24 hours prior to surgery. However, with their residual activity, either of these antiseptics under a bandage could help keep bacterial counts low after surgery in the absence of heavy wound drainage.
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Dhyana Ratmaja, I. Gusti Agung Ngurah, Agus Eka Darwinata, Komang Januartha Putra Pinatih, and Ni Nengah Dwi Fatmawati. "COMPARISON OF EFFECTIVENESS OF HAND WASHING WITH WATER, ANTISEPTIC SOAP, HAND SANITIZER GEL, AND ALCOHOL 70% AGAINST THE AMOUNT OF BACTERIA ON THE HANDS." E-Jurnal Medika Udayana 12, no. 8 (2023): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mu.2023.v12.i08.p09.
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Background: Hand washing is an activity that has to be achieved by everyone, by washing hands with excellent and correct techniques, able to make hands clean and of course can kill germs on the hands, good and proper hand washing can be done using soap and also running water or handwashing can also be done using alcohol or alcohol-based hand rubs. Methods: This research is an experimental study, One Group Pretest-posttest Design, taking primary data by taking samples from palms before and after washing using water, antiseptic soap, hand sanitizer gel, and alcohol 70%. Results: This study found that the effectiveness of washing hands with alcohol at 70% showed a decrease in bacterial number by 99%. In antiseptic soaps, there was a decrease in bacterial number by 86%. The use of hand sanitizer gel decreased bacterial number by 96%, and in water use, there was a decrease in bacterial number by 61%. Conclusion: alcohol 70% has the most significant effect in decreasing the number of bacterial colonies among other hand washing materials.
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Puspitasari, Indah, Yayuk Mundriyastutik, Noor Cholifah, and Ana Zumrotun Nisak. "Antiseptic Soap Making Training to Increase Economic Independence at the Aisyiyah Prambatan Kidul Kudus Orphanage." TRANSFORMASI : JURNAL PENGABDIAN PADA MASYARAKAT 5, no. 1 (2025): 1. https://doi.org/10.31764/transformasi.v5i1.26523.
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The coaching activities at the Aisyiyah Kudus Orphanage run regularly every day. To meet the financing of this activity, the Aisyiyah Kudus Orphanage only relies on aid funds from donors. Therefore, the problem of meeting living expenses and limited education costs are the main problems faced by the management of the Aisyiyah Kudus Orphanage, so there needs to be an effort so that the continuity of activities at the Aisyiyah Kudus Orphanage continues to run well. The business in question is a business that is able to provide optimal economic added value and help increase the economic independence of the institution, namely the manufacture of herbal antiseptic soap derived from pletekan leaves. Pletekan leaf is a wild plant that grows a lot on the roadside and around the yard. The content of pletekan leaves is that it contains alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and phenols. Pletekan leaves can be used to make antiseptic soap. The purpose of this community service is to increase the knowledge and skills of the children and administrators of the 'Aisyiyah Kudus Orphanage in utilizing the pletekan leaf plant as an antiseptic herbal soap product and to increase the ability in marketing and sales strategies so as to be able to increase the economy independently at the 'Aisyiyah Orphanage. Holy. This Community Service activity was initiated by coordinating with the leadership of the Aisyiyah Orphanage before the activity was carried out. In this service activity, three stages were carried out, namely opening, health seminars and training on the practice of making antiseptic soap, and finally a seminar on managing distribution permits and the practice of creating marketplace accounts for sales.
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Rita, Eze, Amarachi, Onwa, Ndubuisi Collins, Dick, Joy Nzubechi, et al. "Evaluation of the Efficacy of a Commonly Used Antiseptic Soap in Reducing the Bacterial Load on the Palms of Some Undergraduate Students of Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu Alike Ikwo, Ebonyi State, Nigeria." South Asian Journal of Research in Microbiology 18, no. 8 (2024): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/sajrm/2024/v18i8382.
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Introduction: The human hand serves as a carrier of microorganisms, comprising both transient and normal flora. The present study aims at evaluating the efficacy of a commonly used antiseptic soap in reducing the bacterial load on the palms of some undergraduate students of Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu Alike Ikwo, Ebonyi State. Methods: Handwashing with the antiseptic soap was carried out according to the World Health Organisation protocol on handwashing. Bacterial identification was done using morphological and biochemical characteristics, also antimicrobial susceptibility test was carried out on the identified bacterial species using agar diffusion according to the method of Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute. Results: The result of the bacterial load indicated bacterial load of 2.0×102 before handwashing and 0.96×102 after handwashing, on plate count agar and bacterial load of 7.7×101 before handwashing and 3.2×101 on MacConkey agar, the results were statistically analyzed using Chi-square test. The following bacteria species were identified from the palms of the students after handwashing; Strep. pneumoniae, Staph. aureus, Staph. spp, Strep. spp, A. baumannii, E. coli. Conclusion: The result of the statistical analysis showed that sanitol antiseptic soap significantly reduced the bacterial load on the palms of the participants.
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Bottone, Edward J., Mark Cheng, and Saul Hymes. "Ineffectiveness of Handwashing With Lotion Soap to Remove Nosocomial Bacterial Pathogens Persisting on Fingertips: A Major Link in Their Intrahospital Spread." Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology 25, no. 3 (2004): 262–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/502388.
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AbstractThe effectiveness of five 30-second handwashes with a non-antiseptic lotion soap to remove nosocomial pathogens (108CFU) applied to fingertips was studied. CFU for all species dropped rapidly after the first handwash; persistence (10 to 15 CFU) was maintained thereafter. Wiping hands with an antiseptic (70% isopropyl or 10% povidone-iodine) sponge removed persisters.
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Megawati, N. A. C. Imani, D. S. Fardhyanti, W. Astuti, and D. S. Hadikawuryan. "Preparation and characterization of binahong (Anredera cordifolia) leaves extract-based liquid hand soap." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 969, no. 1 (2022): 012048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/969/1/012048.
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Abstract The need for hand soap is increasing along with the increase of public awareness to maintain cleanliness and health. Commercial hand soaps are made from various chemical mixtures which often give side effects in the form of allergies in people who have sensitive skin. The production of soap with natural ingredients can be a way to solve these problems. In this paper, we report an observational study of the effect of adding binahong leaf oil extract, which is known to have antiseptic properties and is often used as an itching remedy, on the characteristics of liquid hand soap. The research was carried out with the steps of preparation of binahong leaf, binahong leaf oil extract, and production of soap based-binahong leaf extract oil with various concentrations of mixing ingredients. The analysis carried out in this experiment were the analysis of physical and chemical properties as well as the effectiveness of the soap against bacteria after the use of the liquid hand soap. The addition of binahong leaf extract oil in the liquid hand soap can increase the antibacterial properties of the liquid hand soap and has the potential to be used as a soap that is safer for daily use.
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Poppy Nurmayanti M, Yuana Nurulita, Jeni Wardi, et al. "Value Added Eco Enzyme Sebagai Sabun Antiseptik." Dinamisia : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 6, no. 5 (2022): 1203–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/dinamisia.v6i5.10997.
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The purpose of community service is to educate the public in processing eco enzymes into products that have added value, as antiseptic soap. This activity was carried out as an effort to support the government's program in maintaining health through the movement of washing hands with soap. The activities method is training and mentoring carried out at the Bank Sampah Agrowisata, Rumbai District, Pekanbaru City. This activity includes two stages. First, the team conducted training and assistance in making eco-enzymes from citrun fruit peels, water, and palm sugar. The organic waste fermentation process is carried out for one month. Second, the team provided training and assistance in making antiseptic soap from eco enzyme. The results the effectiveness of antibacteria test at the Chemistry Laboratory FMIPA, Riau University showed that eco-enzyme that has been processed into soap tends to be more effective at killing bacteria than eco-enzyme. These results are expected to improve the community's economy to support zero waste and improve the skills and entrepreneurial of the community.
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FERDİAN, Muh Agus, Randhiki Gusti PERDANA, and Poegoeh PRASETYO RAHARDJO. "Refinery technology of used cooking oil by utilizing coffee dregs and sugar cane bagasse as raw materials for making antiseptic transparent soap of guava leaf extract." International Journal of Agriculture, Environment and Food Sciences 7, no. 1 (2023): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.1109072.
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Cooking oil is an important basic ingredient in the frying process with the main function as a medium for conducting heat, adding savory taste, in-creasing nutritional value and heating food ingredients. The massive use of cooking oil also has an impact on the waste produced, namely used cooking oil (UCO), which is more increasing. The sustainable use of used cooking oil can damage health. The aim of this study was to obtain purification of used cooking oil with coffee dregs and bagasse as raw materials for making antiseptic transparent soap with guava leaf extract. Preparation of raw materials, extraction of guava leaves, oil refining process, production of antiseptic transparent soap with guava leaf extract, and sample quality analysis are the stages of research. The data from the analysis was then tested with ANOVA. Purification of used cooking oil using bagasse adsorbent produced oil with a pH value of 6.43-6.86, moisture content of 0.67-0-769%, free fatty acids of 0.301-1.982% and acid value of 2.3-3.490%, while for the type of coffee dregs adsorbent produced oil with a pH value of 6.60-6.83, moisture content of 0.068-0.549%, free fatty acids of 0.292-0.921 and acid value of 1.120-5.850. The antiseptic transparent soap formulation results obtained a pH value of 11.427-13,687, moisture content of 27.78-36.505, foam height of 19-21.5 mm and antiseptic power of 2-12 colonies.
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Seno Handayani, Sri, Erin Ryantin Gunawan, Dedy Suhendra, Murniati Murniati, and Dhony Hermanto. "Pelatihan Pembuatan Sabun Antiseptik Berbasis Minyak Biji Kelor pada Kelompok Wanita Tani Flamboyan Lingkar Pratama Lombok-Nusa Tenggara Barat." Rengganis Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat 2, no. 2 (2022): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/rengganis.v2i2.239.
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On the West Nusa Tenggara island of Lombok, a local plant called moringa (Moringa oleifera) is frequently found. Due to its high nutritional value, this plant can be consumed in almost all of its components, particularly the leaves and seeds. With the help of Flamboyan Women Farmers Group (Kelompok Wanita Tani Flamboyan) partners, this service activity was carried out by lecturing the public on the uses of moringa plants and other local flora as antiseptic soap and providing instruction on how to make soap from moringa seed oil. The activity's external advantages include: (1) enhancing farmer group mothers' knowledge of the advantages and potential of nearby plants; (2) facilitating the need for antiseptic soap for families; (3) enhancing mothers' motivation and creativity to create independent jobs in an effort to improve the family economy; and (4) producing publications in scientific journals. According to the outcomes of the community service projects, this training activity can improve the knowledge and skills of the women of the Flamboyan Farmers Group in the production of antibacterial soap using moringa seed oil.
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Lima, Samia, Gaspar Diaz, and Marisa Alves Nogueira Diaz. "Antibacterial Chemical Constituent and Antiseptic Herbal Soap fromSalvinia auriculataAubl." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/480509.
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The bioassay-guided isolation of the active extract ofSalvinia auriculataAubl. led to the separation of three main compounds, characterized as stigmasterone, stigmasterol, and friedelinol. The pure form of diketosteroid presented a potential antibacterial activity with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 0.01 mg mL−1againstStaphylococcus aureusisolated from animals with mastitis infections. The active extract also showed a similar result to that previously obtained with pure diketosteroid when tested with the same isolates. The present study’s results demonstrate the potential of this plant as an excipient for the production of antibacterial soaps aimed at controlling bovine mastitis infections, especially on small farms.
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Pratiwi, Asti, Safrika Juliana Siahaan, Chandra Pranata, and Yosi Darmirani. "WORKSHOP FORMULATION OF LIQUID SOAP PREPARATIONS OF CITRUS LEAF EXTRACT PURUT (CITRUS HYSTRIX) AS AN ANTISEPTIC AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS BACTERIA." JURNAL PENGMAS KESTRA (JPK) 2, no. 2 (2022): 268–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.35451/jpk.v2i2.1454.
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Kaffir lime leaves contain compounds such as flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogenic bacterium associated with virulence. Pharmaceutical preparations used to maintain healthy skin are soaps. The purpose of this study was to determine the inhibitory power of the Liquid Soap Preparation Formulation of Kaffir lime Leaf Extract as an Antiseptic Against Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria. The study was carried out by making ethanol extract of purut orange leaves formulated with liquid soap preparations, then an inhibitory test was carried out on Staphylococcus aureus bacteria that had been bred 3 times with concentrations of 20%, 40%, and 60% and positive and negative controls were carried out. The results of the analysis showed that the formulation of liquid soap preparations of ethanol extract of purut orange leaves with a concentration of 60% has the strongest power against the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. In conclusion, the concentration of the formulation of liquid soap preparations of ethanol extract of purut orange leaves is directly proportional to the magnitude of the diameter of the inhibitory zone.
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Oktaviani, Erika Dwi, Melantina Oktriyanti, and Nina Hartati. "PRODUK GEL HAND SANITIZER SEBAGAI ANTISEPTIK DARI EKSTRAK KULIT JERUK MANIS (Citrus sinensis (L.))." JEDCHEM (JOURNAL EDUCATION AND CHEMISTRY) 5, no. 2 (2023): 93–99. https://doi.org/10.36378/jedchem.v5i2.3240.
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Various types of bacteria, viruses and fungi will be easier to stick to and thrive on unclean hands. Making people use products that contain antiseptics such as soap and hand sanitizer. However, in general, the basic ingredient for making antiseptics comes from alcohol. The development of antiseptic products can be done with natural ingredients such as using sweet orange peel (Citrus sinensis (L.)). It is known that sweet orange peel (Citrus sinensis (L.)) contains saponin, flavonoid, and tannin compounds which act as antibacterial so that it can be a natural antiseptic ingredient for making hand sanitizer gel. This study aims to determine the effect of maceration time and composition of sweet orange peel extract on antiseptic power in hand sanitizer gel preparations and can produce hand sanitizer products that are in accordance with SNI quality by varying the maceration time of the extract, namely 3 days, 5 days and 7 days the amount of sweet orange peel extract 5%, 10% and 15%. The product analysis of hand sanitizer gel includes organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, density, viscosity, dispersibility and bacteria. Based on the results of the analysis, all samples met the quality of SNI, but the best sample was 15% composition with a maceration time of 7 days. The results of the analysis showed that the pH value was 6, the density was 1.0470 gr/cm3, the viscosity was 578.08 cP, the dispersion was 8.3 cm.
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Sinaga, Eka Margaretha, Nova Florentina Ambarwati, Barita Aritonang, and Ahmad Hafizullah Ritonga. "Pembuatan Sabun Padat Antiseptik Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Jeruk Lemon (Citrus Limon (L.) Burm. F.)." Jurnal Multidisiplin Madani 2, no. 2 (2022): 877–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.54259/mudima.v2i2.449.
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Lemon peel waste (Citrus limon (L.) Burm.F.) contains secondary metabolites that function as antibacterials, such as alkaloids, flavonoids, and triterpenoids. This study aims to determine the formulation of antiseptic solid soap and the antibacterial activity of the ethanolic extract of the lemon peel by the diffusion method. The results showed the best formula for making antiseptic solid soap with ethanolic extract of lemon peel based on the requirements of SNI 06-4085-1996 was at a concentration of F3 (15%), homogeneous, had a pH of 8.54-9.82, foam height was around 3.5-4.7 cm, and a strong inhibition zone of about 12.48 mm. The conclusion of this study is that lemon peel has antibacterial properties that can kill the growth of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria.
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Putri, Safridha Kemala, Nurhaedah Nurhaedah, Zulkahfi Zulkahfi, Sahabuddin Sahabuddin, and Naomi Malaha. "Pelatihan Pembuatan Sabun Cair Kesehatan Pada Kelompok PKK Kel. Katimbang Kec. Biringkanaya." Sahabat Sosial: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat 2, no. 3 (2024): 389–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.59585/sosisabdimas.v2i3.383.
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Antibacterial liquid soap is liquid soap formulated from soap ingredients and antiseptic herbal plants, betel leaves. The aim of this PkM activity is to provide training in making antibacterial liquid soap based on herbal plants to the PKK group, Katimbang Village, Biringkanaya District. The PkM method used is training, coaching and assistance in making antibacterial liquid soap. The results of the activity showed an increase in the average achievement of participants. These results show that public knowledge about making antibacterial liquid soap and how to make it has increased significantly. It is hoped that this increased knowledge of PKK women can be transmitted to the community of Katimbang Village, Biringkanaya District in general so that they can work together in improving community welfare and eradicating unemployment, especially in Katimbang Village, Biringkanaya District.
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Fardana, Dearestantrianto Hadits, Rudy Hartanto, and Ahmad N. Al-Baari. "Characteristic of Goat Milk Soap Formulation with Addition Betel Leaves as a Natural Antiseptic." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1460, no. 1 (2025): 012024. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1460/1/012024.
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Abstract This research aims to examine the interaction between the amount of added goat’s milk and betel leaves with different concentrations on the characteristics of goat’s milk soap. The process of making goat milk solid soap uses the cold process method and is cured for 2 weeks. The soap making method uses unconsumed goat’s milk and is enriched with betel leaves as a natural antiseptic. The research was conducted using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with a 4 x 3 factorial pattern and 3 replications, so there were 12 treatment combinations. The research results were data analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The treatment begins by adding 50 mL (S1), 75 mL (S2), 100 mL (S3), 125 mL (S4) of goat’s milk to 700 mL of soap base solution. Then add betel leaf extract according to the treatment, namely 0 g (D1), 25 g (D2) and 50 g (D3). The research results showed from the parameters of the water content test, foam stability test, that there was no significant interaction (P>0.05) between the level of milk addition and betel leaf extract, but there was a significant interaction (P≤0.05) with the test pH, free alkali and fatty acid test. Based on the overall results, it can be concluded that from the soap formulation that has been made, goat’s milk soap with the addition of 50 g betel leaf extract is better and can be combined with the addition of 100 mL of goat’s milk.
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Alice M CL Luhulima, Aulia Debby Pelu, and Jahra Palembang. "Uji Fisik Formulasi Hand Sanitizer Dengan Bahan Aktif Daun Sirih (Piper betle L) Dari Desa Luhu Kecamatan Huamual Kabupaten Seram Bagian Barat." JURNAL FISIOTERAPI DAN ILMU KESEHATAN SISTHANA 2, no. 2 (2022): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.55606/jufdikes.v2i2.156.
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The rise of disease outbreaks caused by microorganisms such as SARS, bird flu, HIV and COVID-19 has made people use products that contain antiseptics such as soap and hand sanitizer. However, if used continuously it will dissolve the layer of fat and sebum on the skin so that the skin becomes sensitive, dry, and irritated. The development of antiseptic products can be done with natural ingredients such as green betel leaf extract (Piper betle L). It is known that green betel leaf (Piper betle L) has long been used in traditional medicine and can be a natural antiseptic ingredient for making hand sanitizer. This study aims to determine the formulation of hand sanitizer from betel leaf extract (Piper betle L) accompanied by a physical stability test. The materials used in this study were methyl paraben, triethanolamine (TEA), glycerin, aquadest, 95% ethanol, lime juice, green betel leaf extract obtained from the reflux extraction process. The research was conducted by varying the betel leaf extract 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%. Tests were carried out by covering organoleptic observations (shape, color, odor), pH, homogeneity, dispersion.
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Ramadani, Muhammad, Muhammad Gunawan, Enny Fitriani, and Melati Yulia Kusumastuti. "FORMULASI SABUN CAIR ANTISEPTIK SARI AIR KULIT BUAH PISANG AMBON (MUSA PARADISIACA VAR SEPIENTUM L.) DAN UJI AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI TERHADAP STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS DAN ESCHERICHIA COLI." JIFI (Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Imelda) 8, no. 1 (2024): 20–37. https://doi.org/10.52943/jifarmasi.v8i1.1770.
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Cleanliness of the skin, hands and body is a state of being free of dirt, dust and microorganisms that can cause infection. The existence of these microorganisms can be overcome by using soap containing chemical compounds that have antibacterial activity. In the market there are many circulating antiseptic soaps containing synthetic antibacterials, but they often cause side effects, so it is necessary to make soaps containing natural antibacterials, for example, Ambon banana peel contains polyphenolic compounds and saponins have antibacterial activity. The study conducted a phytochemical screening of Ambon banana peels, made liquid soap containing water extract of Ambon banana peels as a cleanser and antibacterial and carried out antibacterial activity tests. Research stages: phytochemical screening of Ambon banana peel and water extract, liquid soap formulation containing 10%, 20% and 30% Ambon banana peel water extract (SKPA), evaluation of liquid soap including: stability, foam height, pH, irritation and preference test . Antibacterial activity test against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and bacteria from volunteer hand washing water specimens. The results showed that the water extract from Ambon banana peel contains alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids/triterpenoids, and glycosides, which can be formulated into liquid soap (SKPA) fulfilling the physical quality requirements. SKPA 30% liquid soap is the best because it is very liked by researchers, has strong antibacterial activity, diameter of inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus (17.23 ± 0.66) mm, and Escherichia coli (15.83 ± 0.66) mm. The total plate number for volunteer hand washing specimens, 10% SKPA resulted in a reduction of bacterial colonies of 49.78%, 30% SKPA obtained the greatest reduction in bacteria, namely 82.79, almost the same as Dettol liquid soap. What is circulating in the market is 83.02%.