Academic literature on the topic 'Anton Popovič'

The present paper explores the contribution of the Slovak scholar Anton Popovič (1933–1984) to translation studies from the end of the 1960s until the beginning of the 1980s. It mentions the theoretical and methodological underpinnings of Popovič’s work (particularly Jiří Levý and František Miko), briefly analyzes Popovič’s most important publications within the field of translation studies, and discusses criticisms as well as inspirations of his conception of translation. The paper concludes with an evaluation of Popovič’s role in developing the field of Czechoslovak and international translation studies, most importantly of descriptive translation studies and the manipulation school.

Résumé La conception de « fonction » en traductologie est loin de faire unanimité. Le terme est utilisé par plusieurs chercheurs et plusieurs écoles traductologiques, sans avoir toujours la même valeur. Nous proposons d’examiner l’évolution du concept de « fonction » à travers deux grandes théories traductologiques contemporaines (théorie du skopos, théorie du polysystème), en mentionnant certaines sources épistémologiques communes à ces écoles. Parmi les sources communes, nous mentionnons le structuralisme tchécoslovaque du Cercle linguistique de Prague de l’entre-deux-guerres, dont l’apport est décisif dans l’approche descriptive et fonctionnaliste des traductologues tchécoslovaques, Jiří Levý ou Anton Popovič, dans les années soixante et soixante-dix. Du point de vue méthodologique, notre article s’inscrit dans une métathéorie de la traduction et en même temps peut être considéré comme une contribution à la genèse et l’historiographie des théories traductologiques.

The study in this the drama of The Bear by Anton Chekov. This drama depicts a widow and debt collector. The problem in the drama of The Bear is on personality and character changes. This research uses observation method with note-taking technique and uses interpretation in analyzing data. For this reason, the theory of Sigmund Freud's (Id, Ego, Super-ego) is used. From the results of this study the authors found the characters of Popova and Smirrnov, in which Smirnov was actually a kind, young, beautiful, and Popova who was kind, romantic but rude. The cause of the change in Popov's character is based on his loneliness and Smirnov is based on economic needs. In Psychology Smirnov's personality who wants money (Id) and Popov want to force himself to duel with Smirnov (Ego) regardless of people in the surrounding environment, especially Luka as a helper of Popov (Super-Ego) in their quarrels and unwittingly emerge a feeling of love between Popova and Smirnov and finally they fall in love.

The article deals with fifteen Komi-Permyak names of berries noted at the end of the 18th century: ди́каꙗ ка́лина [díkaya kálina] ‘elderberry (Sambucus racemosa L.)’, е́жевика [ézhevika] ‘European dewberry (Rubus caesius L.) (?)’, же́лнегъ [zhélneg] ‘rose hip (Rosa L.)’, жи́молость [zhímolost'] ‘honeysuckle (Lonicera L.)’, жо́ [zhó] ‘viburnum (Viburnum L.)’, л ѣ ́ мъ [lém] ‘bird cherry (Prunus padus L.)’, мы́рпонъ [mýrpon] ‘cloudberry (Rubus chamaemorus L.)’, на́мыръ [námyr] ‘stone bramble (Rubus saxatilis L.)’, о́зъ [óz] ‘strawberry (Fragaria L.)’, пу́лъ [púl] ‘cowberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea L.)’, ря́бина [ryábina] ‘rowan (Sorbus L.)’, сэ́тэръ [séhtehr] ‘currant (Ribes L.)’, с ѣ ́ ́ла о̀зъ [séla òz] ‘creamy strawberry (Fragaria viridis (Duch.) Weston)’, ту́ри моль [túri mol'] ‘cranberry (Vaccinium subgen. Oxycoccus (Hill) A. Gray)’, э́мидзь [éhmidz'] ‘raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.)’. The research is based on the material of two handwritten Komi-Permyak-Russian dictionaries (alphabetical and thematic) of 1785 authored by the archpriest of the Peter and Paul Cathedral in Perm Antony Popov (1748-1788). The purpose of this study is to establish the history, etymology and ethnocultural features of the Komi-Permyak names of berries noted in A. Popov’s manuscripts. Among the methods and approaches used in this study: a) methods of historical knowledge; b) the empirical method; c) methods and techniques of comparative historical and comparative linguistics. The names of berries from A. Popov’s dictionaries are compared with the material of other later sources on the Komi-Permyak language, and are also compared with the data of the Komi-Permyak literary language and modern Komi dialects. The ethnolinguistic data and versions about the origin of all the considered Komi-Permyak words are given. Etymological analysis has shown that the native names of berries originated in ancient times, most of them belong to the pre-Permic (Finno-Permic, Finno-Ugric, Uralic) era; also there is a possible substrate heritage. Some words have lost the ability to be used independently, while others can now be classified as archaisms, dialectisms, and passive vocabulary.

This study was conducted to analyze the hypocrisy of Popova’s and Smirnov’s in Anthon Chekov’s The Bear. It is a qualitative research with psychological approach. Data were collected from the main source and the other sources before they were analyzed using the descriptive analytic techniques The Bear was the main source of this study, and the other sources derived from books, journals and from the internet. The study focused on the factors behind the reasons why Popova and Smirnov became hypocrites, how they changed their mind and personality so suddently. Anthon Chekov;s The Bear was a criticism to its society where people wanted to get good moral value, but they were not consistence with what they said. Popova and Smirnov have shown us how hypocrisy they were. They wanted to be considered as good members of society, but what they did was different from what they said.

В статье представлен фрагмент лингвистического анализа памятников ранней коми-пермяцкой письменности — рукописей протоиерея Антония Попова (1748–1788), которые датированы 1785 годом и на данный момент известны как первые фундаментальные труды по пермяцкому языкознанию — опыт грамматики и два словаря — алфавитный и тематический. Эти рукописи до сих пор не изданы и исследованы в недостаточной степени. Цель настоящего исследования — выявить и проанализировать показатели словоизменительных грамматических значений в коми-пермяцком языке конца XVIII века на материале словарей А. Попова. В сопоставительном и ареальном аспектах рассматриваются показатели коми-пермяцких словоизменительных грамматических значений следующих категорий: а) число имен, б) падеж, в) лично-притяжательность, г) время. В большинстве своем они идентичны современным грамматическим формам и грамматическим значениям, однако есть и любопытные особенности. Суффикс множественного числа имени существительного представлен в рукописях А. Попова более архаичным вариантом [jɛs] (при современном [ɛz]), который еще во второй половине XX в. фиксировался в различных говорах коми языкового континуума, преимущественно периферийных. В рукописях зафиксирован широкий спектр падежных показателей: вместе с номинативом представлены еще десять падежных форм (из них семь — местные падежи, реализующие пространственную семантику, так называемые внутриместные и внешнеместные падежи). Слово-изменительные показатели со свойственными им значениями «спрятаны» в составе наречий, серийных послелогов и отчасти числительных, а показатель лишительного падежа оформлен отдельной словарной статьей как предлог. Обращает на себя внимание грамматический показатель переходного падежа -ты — в современном коми-пермяцком языке семантика данного падежа реализуется формой -öт. Показатели представленной в работах категории лично-притяжательности сходны с современными семантическими и грамматическими показателями. Данная словоизменительная категория реализуется суффиксами -мъ (возм. -е), -тъ, -съ, -нымъ, -нытъ, -нысъ (при современных -ö ‘мой’, -ыт ‘твой’, -ыс ‘его’, -ным ‘наш’, -ныт ‘ваш’, -ныс ‘их’). Словоизменительные формы глаголов, зафиксированные в рукописях А. Попова, демонстрируют настоящее, будущее, прошедшее очевидное и прошедшее неочевидное времена; показан фрагмент будущего сложного времени. Не удалось обнаружить хотя бы элементы аналитического прошедшего времени. Показатели всех обозначенных времен тождественны соответствующим показателям в современном коми-пермяцком языке. Настоящая статья является не только вкладом в изучение финно-угорского рукописного наследия, но и скромным шагом на пути к разработке исторической грамматики коми-пермяцкого языка. The article presents a fragment of linguistic analysis of monuments of early Komi-Permyak writing — the manuscripts of Archpriest Antony Popov (1748–1788), which are dated 1785 and are currently known as the first fundamental works on Permyak linguistics — grammar sketch and two dictionaries — alphabetical and thematic. These manuscripts have not yet been published and have not been sufficiently studied. The aim of current study is to identify and analyze markers of inflectional grammatical meanings in the Komi-Permyak language of the late 18th century based on the material of the A. Popov’s dictionaries. Markers of Komi-Permyak inflectional grammatical meanings of the following categories are considered in comparative and areal aspects: a) number of nouns and adjectives, b) case, c) personal possessiveness, d) tense. Most of them are identical to modern grammatical forms and grammatical meanings, but there are also interesting features. The plural suffix of the noun is represented in the A. Popov’s manuscripts by a more archaic variant [jɛs] (cf modern [ɛz]). It was recording still in the second half of the 20th century in various dialects of the Komi language continuum, mainly peripheral. The manuscripts contain a wide range of case markers: along with the nominative, there are ten more case forms (seven of them are local cases that implement spatial semantics, the so-called internal and external cases). Inflectional markers with their own meanings are “hidden” within adverbs, serial postpositions and partly numerals. The marker of abessive case is designed as a separate dictionary entry as a preposition. Attention is drawn to the grammatical marker of the prolative case -ты [tɨ] — in the modern Komi-Permyak language, the semantics of this case is realized by the form -öт [ɘt]. Markers of the category of personal possessiveness presented in the manuscripts are similar to modern semantic and grammatical markers. This inflectional category is implemented by the suffixes -мъ [m ] (-е [e]), -тъ [t ], -съ [s ], -нымъ [nɨm ], -нытъ [nɨt ], -нысъ [nɨs ] (cf modern -ö [ɘ] ‘my’, -ыт [ɨt] ‘your (SG)’, -ыс [ɨs] ‘his’, -ным [nɨm] ‘our’, -ныт [nɨt] ‘your (PL)’, -ныс [nɨs] ‘their’). Inflectional forms of verbs recorded in A. Popov’s dictionaries demonstrate present, future, past I and past II tenses. A fragment of compound future tense is shown. It was not possible to detect at least elements of the analytical past tense (perfect). The markers of all these tenses are identical to the corresponding markers in the modern Komi-Permyak language. This article is not only a contribution to the study of the Finno-Ugric manuscript heritage, but also a modest step towards the development of a historical grammar of the Komi-Permyak language.

The Bear is a literary work written by anton chekov in 1880 which tells of the story of a widow who dissolves in sorrow after being dying by a beloved husband who then personality or his formerly gentle, polite nature turned into a rough and grumpy as being carried away with a collector Harsh debt but turned into a romantic and gentle. Changes in attitudes that occur to the store antagonist and protagonist caused by loneliness and needs that harbor the sense of mutual need that in the end both are equally in love.
 

The history of the perception of Fyodor Dostoevsky’s novel The Adolescent in the first half of the 20th century is divided into two large, qualitatively different periods: the Silver Age and the 1920s–1940s. The peculiarity of the first one is the discovery of Dostoevsky as a philosopher and religious thinker, while the second the awareness of him as an original artist. Therefore, in the first period, “ideological” and “spiritual” interpretations of The Adolescent prevailed, in the second – scientific studies of his poetics and especially of the manuscript corpus. The main areas of study of The Adolescent in the 1920s and 1940s were biography, psychoanalysis, and poetics, together with a continuous religious and philosophical understanding of the novel. The reviewed material is considered in chronological order. There is no clear distinction between Soviet and emigrant researchers, although there is a difference in the conditions in which they worked. Among the authors who wrote about The Adolescent in the 1900s and 1910s, symbolist and religious-philosophical interpretations predominate (D.S. Merezhkovsky, A.A. Blok, V.V. Rozanov, A.S. Glinka-Volzhsky, N.A. Berdyaev), judgments from the positions of naturalism, positivism, and Marxism are less common (A.I. Vvedensky, V.V. Veresaev, V.F. Pereverzev). If in the USSR of the 1920s–1940s references to The Adolescent in a religious and philosophical way are rare (N.O. Lossky), then in emigration they are quite numerous (metropolitan Antony Khrapovitsky, N.A. Berdyaev, A.Z. Steinberg, E.Yu. Kuzmina-Karavaeva, N.O. Lossky). In Dostoevsky’s biographies of the 1920s–1940s, the myth of the writer’s gloomy childhood prevails, as if depicted in the plot of Arkady Dolgoruky, the hero of The Adolescent (L.P. Grossman, I.D. Ermakov, K.V. Mochulsky), but in the same years, there is confidence in the evidence of Dostoevsky’s happy childhood (O. von Schultz, G.I. Chulkov). Psychoanalysis, authoritative in the 1920s, considered the family conflict of The Adolescent in the light of the Oedipus complex and the teachings of Z. Freud on the structure of the human personality (A.A. Kashina-Evreinova, B.A. Griftsov, I.D. Ermakov, P.S. Popov).

This theoretic-historiographical thesis deals with the personality of the Slovak scholar Anton Popovič (1933-1984) and his contribution to translation studies between the late 1960s the early 1980s. The thesis examines the theoretical and methodological underpinnings of Popovič's theoretical work (especially Jiří Levý and František Miko), analyzes his most important publications within the field of translation studies, and discusses criticisms as well as inspirations of his conception of translation. The thesis concludes with an evaluation of Popovič's role in developing Czechoslovak and international translation studies, most importantly of the so-called descriptive translation studies, or the manipulation school. The contribution of this thesis may be regarded primarily as a first attempt at a comprehensive study of the personality and thinking of Anton Popovič.

The central theme of the thesis is an in-depth translation criticism of the Austrian novel Die Liebhaberinnen by Elfriede Jelinek in the translation of Jitka Jílková. The criticism is based on the theoretical model of Katharina Reiss which is explored in her work Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Übersetzungskritik. This model is expanded by the role of the editor and translationese style. At the end of the thesis Jitka Jílková is briefly presented, the translation analysis is summarised and evaluated with regard to an interview with the translator about her work.