Relevant bibliographies by topics / Anxiolytics

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  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
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Academic literature on the topic 'Anxiolytics'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 April 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Anxiolytics"

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Zwas, Donna R., Andre Keren, Offer Amir, and Israel Gotsman. "Treatment of Heart Failure Patients with Anxiolytics Is Associated with Adverse Outcomes, with and without Depression." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 12 (December 7, 2020): 3967. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9123967.

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Background: Few studies have evaluated the effect of pharmacologic treatment of anxiety on outcomes in heart failure (HF) patients. This study examined the impact of treatment with anxiolytics on clinical outcomes in a real-world sample of HF patients with and without depression. Methods: Patients diagnosed with HF were retrieved from a large HMO database. Patients prescribed anxiolytic medication and patients diagnosed with depression and/or prescribed anti-depressant medication were followed for cardiac-related hospitalizations and death. Results: The study cohort included 6293 HF patients. Treatment with anxiolytics was associated with decreased one-year survival compared to untreated individuals, with a greater reduction in survival seen in patients diagnosed with depression and/or treated with anti-depressants. Multi-variable analysis adjusting for age, sex, NYHA class, cardiac risk factors and laboratory parameters found that treatment with anxiolytics remained a predictor of mortality even when adjusting for depression. Depression combined with anxiolytic treatment was predictive of increased mortality, and treatment with anxiolytics alone, depression alone and anxiolytic treatment together with depression were each associated with an increased hazard ratio for a composite outcome of death and hospitalization. Conclusions: In this real-world study of HF patients, both treatment with anxiolytics and depression were associated with increased mortality, and anxiolytic therapy remained a predictor of mortality when adjusting for depression. Treatment of anxiety together with depression was associated with the highest risk of mortality. Safe and effective treatment for anxiety and depression is warranted to alleviate the detrimental impact of these disorders on quality and of life and adverse events.
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Mahmoud, Jahangir. "Clinical pharmacology of anxiolytics." Psychology and Mental Health Care 2, no. 1 (March 27, 2018): 01–04. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2637-8892/022.

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It is increasingly difficult to define what an anxiolytic is, since anxiety is multiple although many symptoms are common. On the other hand the most used drugs in different forms of anxiety were first used as antidepressants. This article tries to put together the different effective anxiolytics used and describe their pharmacology.
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Colman, Ian, Tim J. Croudace, Michael E. J. Wadsworth, Diana Kuh, and Peter B. Jones. "Psychiatric outcomes 10 years after treatment with antidepressants or anxiolytics." British Journal of Psychiatry 193, no. 4 (October 2008): 327–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.107.043430.

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BackgroundAntidepressants and anxiolytics have demonstrated short-term efficacy; however, little is known about the long-term effectiveness of these drugs.AimsTo investigate long-term psychiatric outcomes following antidepressant and/or anxiolytic use during an episode of mental disorder in mid-life.MethodMembers of the 1946 British birth cohort were assessed for symptoms of depression and anxiety at age 43. Among 157 with mental disorder, those using antidepressants and/or anxiolytics were compared with those not using medications on psychiatric outcomes at age 53.ResultsUse of antidepressants or anxiolytics was associated with a lower prevalence of mental disorder at age 53 (odds ratio (OR)=0.3, 95% CI 0.1–1.0) after adjustment for eight variables in a propensity-for-treatment analysis. Only 24% of those being treated with medications at age 43 were still using them at 53.ConclusionsUse of antidepressants or anxiolytics during an episode of mental disorder may have long-term beneficial effects on mental health. This may be because of a demonstrated willingness to seek help rather than long-term maintenance therapy.
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Usher, Kim, Lawrence H. Brown, Petra Buettner, Beverley Glass, Helen Boon, Caryn West, Joseph Grasso, Jennifer Chamberlain-Salaun, and Cindy Woods. "Rate of Prescription of Antidepressant and Anxiolytic Drugs after Cyclone Yasi in North Queensland." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 27, no. 6 (September 25, 2012): 519–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x12001392.

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AbstractIntroductionThe need to manage psychological symptoms after disasters can result in an increase in the prescription of psychotropic drugs, including antidepressants and anxiolytics. Therefore, an increase in the prescription of antidepressants and anxiolytics could be an indicator of general psychological distress in the community.PurposeThe purpose of this study was to determine if there was a change in the rate of prescription of antidepressant and anxiolytic drugs following Cyclone Yasi.MethodsA quantitative evaluation of new prescriptions of antidepressants and anxiolytics was conducted. The total number of new prescriptions for these drugs was calculated for the period six months after the cyclone and compared with the same six month period in the preceding year. Two control drugs were also included to rule out changes in the general rate of drug prescription in the affected communities.ResultsAfter Cyclone Yasi, there was an increase in the prescription of antidepressant drugs across all age and gender groups in the affected communities except for males 14-54 years of age. The prescription of anxiolytic drugs decreased immediately after the cyclone, but increased by the end of the six-month post-cyclone period. Control drug prescription did not change.ConclusionThere was a quantifiable increase in the prescription of antidepressant drugs following Cyclone Yasi that may indicate an increase in psychosocial distress in the community.UsherK, BrownLH, BuettnerP, GlassB, BoonH, WestC, GrassoJ, Chamberlain-SalaunJ, WoodsC. Rate of prescription of antidepressant and anxiolytic drugs after Cyclone Yasi in North Queensland. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2012;27(6):1-5.
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Alanen, Hanna-Mari, Anneli Pitkänen, Kirsti Suontaka-Jamalainen, Olli Kampman, and Esa Leinonen. "Acute Psychogeriatric Inpatient Treatment Improves Neuropsychiatric Symptoms but Impairs the Level of Functioning in Patients with Dementia." Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders 40, no. 5-6 (2015): 290–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000431087.

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Aims: To explore the impact of hospitalization on neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) and the level of functioning in patients with dementia. Our aim was also to study the influence of psychotropic medications. Methods: Behavioral disturbances, cognition and functional status of 89 patients were assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), Mini-Mental State Examination, Barthel Index, and Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living (ADCSADL). Results: The total NPI score decreased from 34.6 to 19.5 (p < 0.001), and ADL decreased from 32.2 to 21.7 (p < 0.001) during the hospital stay (mean of 44 days). For a change in ADL, only the effect of anxiolytics was significant (p = 0.045). For a change in NPI with antipsychotic and anxiolytic doses and Mini-Mental State Examination as covariates, no significant relationship was found. Conclusion: NPS improved significantly during hospitalization, but neither antipsychotic nor anxiolytic medication use explained this improvement. In patients using anxiolytics, the functional decline was substantial. These results do not support anxiolytic use in demented patients with NPS.
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&NA;. "Anxiolytics." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1326 (November 2010): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201013260-00026.

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Sinclair, Lindsey, and David Nutt. "Anxiolytics." Psychiatry 6, no. 7 (July 2007): 284–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mppsy.2007.04.007.

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&NA;. "ANXIOLYTICS." Shock 15, no. 6 (June 2001): 485. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00024382-200115060-00013.

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BARRETT, J. E. "ANXIOLYTICS." Behavioural Pharmacology 3, Supplement (April 1992): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00008877-199204001-00021.

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Taylor, Claire, and David Nutt. "Anxiolytics." Psychiatry 3, no. 7 (July 2004): 17–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1383/psyt.3.7.17.42874.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Anxiolytics"

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Mercolini, Laura <1979&gt. "Development of original analytical methods for the therapeutic drug monitoring of CNS druges: Antipsychotics, Antidepressants and Anxiolytics-hypnotics." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2010. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/2713/.

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Great strides have been made in the last few years in the pharmacological treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders, with the introduction into the therapy of several new and more efficient agents, which have improved the quality of life of many patients. Despite these advances, a large percentage of patients is still considered “non-responder” to the therapy, not drawing any benefits from it. Moreover, these patients have a peculiar therapeutic profile, due to the very frequent application of polypharmacy, attempting to obtain satisfactory remission of the multiple aspects of psychiatric syndromes. Therapy is heavily individualised and switching from one therapeutic agent to another is quite frequent. One of the main problems of this situation is the possibility of unwanted or unexpected pharmacological interactions, which can occur both during polypharmacy and during switching. Simultaneous administration of psychiatric drugs can easily lead to interactions if one of the administered compounds influences the metabolism of the others. Impaired CYP450 function due to inhibition of the enzyme is frequent. Other metabolic pathways, such as glucuronidation, can also be influenced. The Therapeutic Drug Monitoring (TDM) of psychotropic drugs is an important tool for treatment personalisation and optimisation. It deals with the determination of parent drugs and metabolites plasma levels, in order to monitor them over time and to compare these findings with clinical data. This allows establishing chemical-clinical correlations (such as those between administered dose and therapeutic and side effects), which are essential to obtain the maximum therapeutic efficacy, while minimising side and toxic effects. It is evident the importance of developing sensitive and selective analytical methods for the determination of the administered drugs and their main metabolites, in order to obtain reliable data that can correctly support clinical decisions. During the three years of Ph.D. program, some analytical methods based on HPLC have been developed, validated and successfully applied to the TDM of psychiatric patients undergoing treatment with drugs belonging to following classes: antipsychotics, antidepressants and anxiolytic-hypnotics. The biological matrices which have been processed were: blood, plasma, serum, saliva, urine, hair and rat brain. Among antipsychotics, both atypical and classical agents have been considered, such as haloperidol, chlorpromazine, clotiapine, loxapine, risperidone (and 9-hydroxyrisperidone), clozapine (as well as N-desmethylclozapine and clozapine N-oxide) and quetiapine. While the need for an accurate TDM of schizophrenic patients is being increasingly recognized by psychiatrists, only in the last few years the same attention is being paid to the TDM of depressed patients. This is leading to the acknowledgment that depression pharmacotherapy can greatly benefit from the accurate application of TDM. For this reason, the research activity has also been focused on first and second-generation antidepressant agents, like triciclic antidepressants, trazodone and m-chlorophenylpiperazine (m-cpp), paroxetine and its three main metabolites, venlafaxine and its active metabolite, and the most recent antidepressant introduced into the market, duloxetine. Among anxiolytics-hypnotics, benzodiazepines are very often involved in the pharmacotherapy of depression for the relief of anxious components; for this reason, it is useful to monitor these drugs, especially in cases of polypharmacy. The results obtained during these three years of Ph.D. program are reliable and the developed HPLC methods are suitable for the qualitative and quantitative determination of CNS drugs in biological fluids for TDM purposes.
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Bollu, Vamsi, Andrew G. Bushmakin, Joseph C. Cappelleri, Chwen-Cheng Chen, Douglas Feltner, and Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Pregabalin reduces sleep disturbance in patients with generalized anxiety disorder via both direct and indirect mechanisms." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-99859.

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Background and Objectives: To characterize the impact of pregabalin on sleep in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and to determine whether the impact is a direct or an indirect effect, mediated through the reduction of anxiety symptoms. Methods: A post-hoc analysis of data from a randomized, double-blind, placebo- and active-controlled study in patients with GAD was conducted. Patients received pregabalin 300 mg/day, venlafaxine XR 75 mg/day or placebo for a week, followed by pregabalin 300-600 mg/day, venlafaxine XR 75-225 mg/day, or placebo for 7 weeks. Treatment effect on sleep was evaluated using the Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale. Anxiety symptoms were assessed with the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. A mediation model was used to estimate separately for both treatment arms the direct and indirect treatment effects on sleep disturbance. Results: Compared with placebo (n = 128), treatment with pregabalin (n = 121) significantly reduced scores on the sleep disturbance subscale and Sleep Problems Index II at both week 4 and week 8, and the sleep adequacy subscale at week 8. Venlafaxine XR (n = 125) had no significant effect on these measures. The mediation model indicated that 53% of the total pregabalin effect on sleep disturbance was direct (p < 0.01) and 47% indirect, mediated through anxiety symptoms (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Pregabalin decreased sleep disturbance in patients with GAD both directly, and indirectly by reducing anxiety symptoms. Given the drug specificity of the results, this study provides evidence of an additional important pathway of action for pregabalin and its efficacy in GAD.
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Abbé, Adeline. "Analyse de données textuelles d'un forum médical pour évaluer le ressenti exprimé par les internautes au sujet des antidépresseurs et des anxyolitiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS385/document.

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L’analyse de donnée textuelle est facilitée par l’utilisation du text mining (TM) permettant l’automatisation de l’analyse de contenu et possède de nombreuses applications en santé. L’une d’entre elles est l’utilisation du TM pour explorer le contenu des messages échangés sur Internet.Nous avons effectué une revue de la littérature systématique afin d’identifier les applications du TM en santé mentale. De plus, le TM a permis d’explorer les préoccupations des utilisateurs du forum Doctissimo.com au sujet des antidépresseurs et anxiolytiques entre 2013 et 2015 via l’analyse des fréquences des mots, des cooccurrences, de la modélisation thématique (LDA) et de la popularité des thèmes.Les quatre applications du TM en santé mentale sont l’analyse des récits des patients (psychopathologie), le ressenti exprimé sur Internet, le contenu des dossiers médicaux, et les thèmes de la littérature médicale. Quatre grands thèmes ont été identifiés sur le forum: le sevrage (le plus fréquent), l’escitalopram, l’anxiété de l’effet du traitement et les effets secondaires. Alors que les effets indésirables des traitements est un sujet qui a tendance à décroitre, les interrogations sur les effets du sevrage et le changement de traitement sont grandissantes et associées aux antidépresseurs.L’analyse du contenu d’Internet permet de comprendre les préoccupations des patients et le soutien, et améliorer l’adhérence au traitement
Analysis of textual data is facilitated by the use of text mining (TM) allowing to automate content analysis, and is implemented in several application in healthcare. These include the use of TM to explore the content of posts shared online.We performed a systematique literature review to identify the application of TM in psychiatry. In addition, we used TM to explore users’ concerns of an online forum dedicated to antidepressants and anxiolytics between 2013 and 2015 analysing words frequency, cooccurences, topic models (LDA) and popularity of topics.The four TM applications in psychiatry retrieved are the analysis of patients' narratives (psychopathology), feelings expressed online, content of medical records, and biomedical literature screening. Four topics are identified on the forum: withdrawals (most frequent), escitalopram, anxiety related to treatment effect and secondary effects. While concerns around secondary effects of treatment declined, questions about withdrawals effects and changing medication increased related to several antidepressants.Content analysis of online textual data allow us to better understand major concerns of patients, support provided, and to improve the adherence of treatment
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Bollu, Vamsi, Andrew G. Bushmakin, Joseph C. Cappelleri, Chwen-Cheng Chen, Douglas Feltner, and Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Pregabalin reduces sleep disturbance in patients with generalized anxiety disorder via both direct and indirect mechanisms." Universidad de Zaragoza, 2010. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26262.

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Background and Objectives: To characterize the impact of pregabalin on sleep in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and to determine whether the impact is a direct or an indirect effect, mediated through the reduction of anxiety symptoms. Methods: A post-hoc analysis of data from a randomized, double-blind, placebo- and active-controlled study in patients with GAD was conducted. Patients received pregabalin 300 mg/day, venlafaxine XR 75 mg/day or placebo for a week, followed by pregabalin 300-600 mg/day, venlafaxine XR 75-225 mg/day, or placebo for 7 weeks. Treatment effect on sleep was evaluated using the Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale. Anxiety symptoms were assessed with the Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. A mediation model was used to estimate separately for both treatment arms the direct and indirect treatment effects on sleep disturbance. Results: Compared with placebo (n = 128), treatment with pregabalin (n = 121) significantly reduced scores on the sleep disturbance subscale and Sleep Problems Index II at both week 4 and week 8, and the sleep adequacy subscale at week 8. Venlafaxine XR (n = 125) had no significant effect on these measures. The mediation model indicated that 53% of the total pregabalin effect on sleep disturbance was direct (p < 0.01) and 47% indirect, mediated through anxiety symptoms (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Pregabalin decreased sleep disturbance in patients with GAD both directly, and indirectly by reducing anxiety symptoms. Given the drug specificity of the results, this study provides evidence of an additional important pathway of action for pregabalin and its efficacy in GAD.
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Takahashi, Tatsuichiro. "Factors associated with high-dose antipsychotic prescriptions in outpatients with schizophrenia: An analysis of claims data from a Japanese prefecture." Doctoral thesis, Kyoto University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/265180.

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京都大学
新制・課程博士
博士(医学)
甲第23408号
医博第4753号
新制||医||1052(附属図書館)
京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻
(主査)教授 中山 健夫, 教授 古川 壽亮, 教授 村井 俊哉
学位規則第4条第1項該当
Doctor of Medical Science
Kyoto University
DFAM
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Campanha, Angela Maria. "Utilização de psicofármacos pela população geral residente na região metropolitana de São Paulo." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5142/tde-09062015-153011/.

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INTRODUÇÃO: Os transtornos psiquiátricos são altamente prevalentes e têm sido associados ao maior uso de serviços e de medicamentos. Entretanto resultados do World Health Organization (WHO) World Mental Health (WHM) Surveys, conduzidos em diversos países, têm apresentado baixas prevalências de uso de psicofármacos entre sujeitos com diagnóstico de transtornos psiquiátricos no ano anterior à entrevista. OBJETIVOS: Estimar a prevalência, o padrão, e os fatores associados ao uso de psicofármacos em amostra da população geral e entre sujeitos com diferentes diagnósticos para doenças psiquiátricas, de acordo com DSM-IV. MÉTODOS: Os dados são provenientes do São Paulo Megacity Mental Health Survey (SPMHS), segmento brasileiro do estudo World Mental Health Survey (WMH survey). O WMH survey é uma iniciativa da Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), da Universidade de Harvard e Universidade de Michigan, que vem sendo realizada em mais de 28 centros de pesquisa no mundo. O São Paulo Megacity Mental Health Survey é um estudo de corte transversal, de base populacional, desenhado para avaliar a morbidade psiquiátrica em uma amostra representativa da população geral, com 18 anos ou mais, residentes na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Uma amostra de 5.037 indivíduos (taxa de resposta: 81,3%) foi entrevistada por leigos treinados, utilizando a versão do Composite International Diagnostic Interview para o World Mental Health Survey, elaborado para gerar diagnósticos de acordo com o DSM-IV. O foco do presente estudo foi uma subamostra de 2.935 entrevistados, os quais foram avaliados com a versão longa da entrevista e que foram questionados sobre psicofármacos prescritos no ano anterior à entrevista para \"problemas com emoções, nervos, saúde mental, uso de substâncias, energia, concentração, sono ou a capacidade de lidar com o estresse\". Os dados foram ponderados para ajustar a subamostragem dos não casos dessa subamostra e para ajustar as discrepâncias residuais entre as distribuições amostrais e populacionais de uma série de variáveis sociodemográficas, garantindo, assim, a representatividade dessa subamostra. RESULTADOS: Apenas 6,13% dos respondentes relataram o uso de psicofármacos no ano anterior à entrevista. Os hipnóticos e sedativos (incluindo os benzodiazepínicos) (3,63%) e os antidepressivos (3,46%) foram os mais comumente relatados, enquanto os estabilizadores de humor (0,64%) e os antipsicóticos (0,61%) foram pouco frequentes. Ser do sexo feminino (OR= 2,55; 95% IC=1,58-4,11), avançar da idade, escolaridade abaixo do nível superior e ter maior renda foram fatores associados ao maior uso de psicofármacos, assim como ter comorbidades e transtornos graves. A prevalência de transtornos psiquiátricos de acordo com os critérios do DSM-IV/WMH-CIDI no ano anterior à entrevista foi 29,49%. Entretanto, somente 13,75% dos sujeitos com diagnóstico de transtorno psiquiátrico no ano anterior à entrevista, 24,93% com transtorno de humor, 14,43% com transtorno de ansiedade e, aproximadamente, 10% com transtorno por uso de substância e com transtorno de controle do impulso relataram uso de psicofármacos no mesmo período. Respondentes sem diagnóstico também reportaram uso de psicofármacos (2,94%). O uso de antidepressivos (9,10%) e de hipnóticos e sedativos (7,81%) foi pouco frequente naqueles com diagnóstico, apresentando a seguinte distribuição, respectivamente: sujeitos com transtorno de humor (17,94% e 14,70%), ansiedade (9,04% e 8,08%), controle de impulso (6,76% e 5,80%) e por uso de substâncias (5,08% e 7,86%). O uso de psicofármacos foi maior entre sujeitos que apresentaram três transtornos ou mais (26,91%) quando comparado aos que apresentaram dois (15,21%) ou um transtorno (8,96%). Entre os sujeitos com transtornos considerados leve, de moderada gravidade e grave, a prevalência de uso de psicofármacos foi 6,60%, 10,68% e 23,77%, respectivamente. Entretanto aproximadamente 75% casos graves e com três ou mais transtornos, permaneceram sem tratamento farmacológico. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados sugerem que a maioria dos sujeitos com transtornos psiquiátricos ativos não estão recebendo tratamento farmacológico para seus transtornos psiquiátricos na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo. Políticas públicas poderiam aumentar o acesso aos cuidados de saúde adequado, particularmente entre sujeitos com transtornos graves e comorbidades
INTRODUCTION: Mental Disorders are highly prevalent and have been associated with high use of health services and medications. However results of the World Health Organization (WHO) World Mental Health (WHM) Surveys carried out in several countries have found low prevalence rates of psychotropic medication among those with 12-month disorders. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the prevalence, pattern, and associated factors with the use of psychotropic medication in a sample in the general population and, within this sample, among those with different diagnoses for psychiatric disorders, according to DSM-IV. METHODS: Data were from the São Paulo Megacity Mental Health Survey (SPMHS), the Brazilian segment of the World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative, coordinated by the World Health Organization and Harvard University, which has been held in more than 28 research centers in the world. The São Paulo Megacity Mental Health Survey is a cross-sectional population-based study, designed to evaluate psychiatric morbidity in a representative sample in the general population, aged 18 years or more, living in the São Paulo Metropolitan Area. A sample of 5,037 individuals (response rate: 81.3%) was assessed by trained lay interviewers using the World Mental Health version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview, designed to generate DSM-IV diagnoses. The focus of the current report was a subsample of 2,935 subjects to whom the long version of the interview was applied and were asked about prescription medicines that used in the previous12 months for \"problems with emotions, nerves, mental health, substance use, energy, concentration, sleep or ability to cope with stress\". Data were weighted to adjust the undersampling of long interview respondents non-cases and to adjust residual discrepancies between the sample and population distributions of a range of sociodemographic variables. RESULTS: Only 6.13% of the respondents reported psychotropic medication use in the previous year the interview. Hypnotics and sedatives (including benzodiazepines) (3.63%) and antidepressants (3.46%) were the most commonly reported, while mood stabilizers (0.64%) and antipsychotics (0.61%) were used less frequently. In the general population of the SPMHS, be female gender (OR= 2.55; 95% IC=1.58-4.11), older, education low level high and higher income were associated the higher psychotropic medication use, well as have comorbidity and serious disorders. The 12-month prevalence of DSM-IV/WMH-CIDI disorder was 29.49%. However, only 13.75% of those with 12-month disorders, 24.93% among those with mood disorder, 14.43% in those with anxiety disorder and, approximately 10% impulse-control disorder and substance use disorder reported psychotropic medication use in the same period. Respondents without diagnosis also reported psychotropic medication use (2.94%). Antidepressants (9.10%) and hypnotics and sedatives (7.81%) were commonly reported, with the following distribution, respectively: subjects with mood disorder (17.94% and 14.70%), anxiety (9.04 % and 8.08%), impulse control (6.76% and 5.80%), and substance use (5.08% and 7.86%). Psychotropic medication use was higher among the respondents with three or more disorders (26.91%), when compared with those with two (15.21%) or with one disorder (8.96%). Among the respondents with mild, moderate, or severe disorders, the prevalence of Psychotropic medication use was 6.60%, 10.68%, and 23.77%, respectively. However approximately 75% severe cases and comorbidities, remained without pharmacologic treatment. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the majority of individuals diagnosed with an active mental disorder are not being treated with psychotropic medication in the São Paulo Metropolitan Area. Public policies should increase access to appropriate care, particularly among subjects with serious disorders and comorbidities
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Silva, Pedro Celso Alves. "INTERAÇÃO DE ANTIANSIOLÍTICOS COM GRAFENO: UMA ABORDAGEM TEÓRICA." Centro Universitário Franciscano, 2016. http://www.tede.universidadefranciscana.edu.br:8080/handle/UFN-BDTD/547.

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The exaggerated use of anxiolytic drugs can cause environmental problems if there is no destination and treatment, leading to contamination of water resources and biological tissues and aquatic organisms. In addition, some microorganisms develop resistance to these drugs affect the ecosystem with its toxicity and remain in the environment, which justifies the growing concern about these environmental pollutants that were found in various parts of the world. There are some studies in the literature of the use of graphene as a filter for the removal of metals such as Na, Mg, K, Ca and Ni environment. Other studies show that graphene can be used to remove drugs such as aspirin, caffeine, acetaminophen and ciprofloxacin the aqueous media. The objective of this study was to evaluate, through computer simulations based on Density Functional Theory (DFT), the structural and electronic properties of anxiolytic drugs interacting with pure graphene, because until now few methods of treating wastewater for removal anxiolytic drugs are not effective, and in other cases the methods are expensive. In this study, we analyzed the interaction of pure graphene with anxiolytics (alprazolam, clonazepam, clobazam, diazepam and the nordiazepam) commonly found in the environment and highly resistant to photobleaching. The results show that the interaction of graphene with diazepam stabilized with binding energy ranging between -0.29 eV and -0.35 eV and load transfers between -0.002 e- and +0.036 e-. As for the nordiazepam interacting with graphene, the binding energy remained between -0.23 eV and -0.31 eV and cargo transfers between -0.002 e- and +0.069 e-. For alprazolam the binding energy remained between -0.19 eV and -0.86 eV and cargo transfers between -0.004 and +0.041 e-. For clobazam the binding energy varied between -0.23 eV and -0.76 eV and load transfers between -0.005 e- and +0.040 e- and clonazepam remained between -0.52 eV and -0, 75 eV and load transfer between -0.005 e- and +0.070 e-. For every interaction was observed which can occur graphene load transfer to the drug (indicated by positive values) or drug for graphene (indicated by negative values). There was a physical adsorption for all pure graphene interactions with anxiolytic drugs with binding energy ranging between -0.19 eV and -0.86 eV and a charge transfer between -0.018 e- and +0.070 e-, and that the electronic properties of the systems were not changed significantly. The results for the interaction of graphene with anxiolytics, are important to contribute to the development of filters to remove these drugs from aqueous media and sewage treatment plants, since there are no reports in the literature on the interaction of graphene with anxiolytic agents for through computer simulation.
O uso exagerado de fármacos ansiolíticos pode acarretar problemas ambientais, caso não haja destino e tratamento adequado, ocasionando a contaminação dos recursos hídricos e de tecidos biológicos e de organismos aquáticos. Além disso, alguns micro-organismos criam resistência a esses fármacos afetando o ecossistema com sua toxicidade e permanência no meio ambiente, justificando a crescente preocupação sobre estes poluentes ambientais que foram encontrados em várias partes do mundo. Já existem na literatura alguns estudos do uso do grafeno como filtro para remoção de metais como: Na, Mg, Ca, K e Ni do meio ambiente. Outros estudos mostram que o grafeno pode ser utilizado para remoção de fármacos como: aspirina, cafeína, acetaminofeno e ciprofloxacina dos meios aquosos. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar, por meio de simulações computacionais baseadas na Teoria do Funcional da Densidade (DFT), as propriedades estruturais e eletrônicas de fármacos ansiolíticos interagindo com o grafeno puro, pois até o presente momento alguns métodos de tratamento dos efluentes para remoção de ansiolíticos não são eficazes e em outros casos os métodos são caros. Neste estudo, foi analisada a interação do grafeno puro com os ansiolíticos (alprazolam, clobazam, clonazepam, diazepam e o metabólito nordiazepam) frequentemente detectados no meio ambiente e altamente resistentes a fotodegradação. Os resultados mostram que a interação do grafeno com o diazepam se estabilizou com energia de ligação variando entre -0,29 eV e -0,35 eV e as transferências de carga entre -0,002 e- e +0,036 e-. Já para o nordiazepam interagindo com o grafeno, a energia de ligação se manteve entre -0,23 eV e -0,31 eV e as transferências de carga entre -0,002 e- e +0,069 e-. Para o alprazolam a energia de ligação permaneceu entre -0,19 eV e -0,86 eV e as transferências de carga entre -0,004 e- e +0,041 e-. Para o clobazam a energia de ligação variou entre -0,23 eV e -0,76 eV e as transferências de carga entre -0,005 e- e +0,040 e- e para o clonazepam manteve-se entre -0,52 eV e -0,75 eV e a transferência de carga entre -0,005 e- e +0,070 e-. Para todas as interações observou-se que pode ocorrer transferência de carga do grafeno para o fármaco (indicados pelos valores positivos) ou do fármaco para o grafeno (indicados pelos valores negativos). Ocorreu uma adsorção física para todas as interações do grafeno puro com os fármacos ansiolíticos, com energia de ligação variando entre -0,19 eV e -0,86 eV e uma transferência de carga entre -0,018 e- e +0,070 e-, sendo que, as propriedades eletrônicas dos sistemas não foram alteradas significativamente. Os resultados obtidos para a interação do grafeno com ansiolíticos, são importantes para contribuir com o desenvolvimento de filtros para remoção destes fármacos dos meios aquosos e estações de tratamento de esgotos, já que não há relatos na literatura sobre a interação do grafeno com agentes ansiolíticos por meio de simulação computacional.
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Sampaio, Alexandre Menezes. "VerificaÃÃo dos efeitos de Imipramina, Paroxetina, Buspirona e Diazepam no labirinto em T elevado em ratos e camundongos." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2008. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2967.

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nÃo hÃ
Os transtornos de ansiedade possuem alta prevalÃncia na populaÃÃo com graus de severidade variÃveis, podendo chegar à incapacitaÃÃo. Deakin & Graeff conceberam um modelo teÃrico relacionando defesa distal, amÃgdala e ansiedade generalizada, de um lado, e defesa proximal, substÃncia cinzenta periaqueductal e pÃnico, de outro. Nesta proposta, a serotonina facilita a ansiedade, porÃm inibe o pÃnico. O modelo do Labirinto em T Elevado (LTE) seria entÃo mais efetivo para distinguir estes dois padrÃes de ansiedade, ao contrario do Labirinto em Cruz Elevado (LCE), um dos modelos mais utilizados para avaliar efeitos ansiolÃticos das drogas. O modelo foi validado para ratos, havendo pouca descriÃÃo sobre o uso em camundongos. No primeiro experimento os animais (camundongos Swiss; 10 em cada grupo) foram tratados com salina (10 ml/kg; i.p.), imipramina (30mg/kg; i.p.), diazepam (1mg/kg; i.p.), paroxetina (5mg/kg; i.p.), paroxetina (10mg/kg; i.p.) e paroxetina (20mg/kg; i.p.) e avaliados no Teste do Nado ForÃado (TNF). No segundo experimento os camundongos foram separados em cinco grupos (n=10) e tratados com salina (10 ml/kg; i.p.), imipramina (30mg/kg; i.p.), diazepam (2mg/kg; i.p.), paroxetina (10mg/kg; i.p.), buspirona (10mg/kg; i.p) diariamente por uma semana (subcronicamente) e depois avaliados no TNF. No terceiro experimento camundongos foram tratados subcronicamnete com salina, imipramina (30mg/kg; IP), paroxetina (10mg/kg; IP), diazepam (2mg/kg; IP) e buspirona (10mg/kg; IP) e depois testados no LCE. No quarto experimento foram utilizados ratos Wistar que recebiam diariamente por gavagem salina, imipramina (10mg/kg), paroxetina (10mg/kg), diazepam (1mg/kg) ou buspirona (10mg/kg) por 24 dias consecutivos (volume constante 1 ml/kg de peso) e depois foram avaliados no LTE e Campo Aberto (CA). O quinto experimento foi semelhante ao quarto, sendo utilizado camundongos e um aparelho para LTE adaptado. Os resultados foram: imipramina e as trÃs dose de paroxetina apresentaram efeito antidepressivo, enquanto diazepam mostrou efeito depressivo no TNF agudo. Jà no TNF subcrÃnico apenas imipramina apresentou efeito antidepressivo. No LCE imipramina apresentou efeito ansiolÃtico enquanto paroxetina apresentou efeito ansiogÃnico. No LTE com ratos tratados cronicamente, paroxetina, diazepam e buspirona apresentaram efeito anti-ansiedade-generalizada enquanto imipramina, diazepam e paroxetina apresentaram efeito anti-pÃnico. No LTE com camundongos tratados cronicamente, imipramina, diazepam, buspirona e paroxetina apresentaram respostas anti-ansiedade-generalizada e apenas a paroxetina demonstrou efeito anti-pÃnico. Assim, imipramina, uma droga eficaz nos transtornos depressivos, ansiedade generalizada e pÃnico, foi responsÃvel por respostas semelhantes nos modelos animais (com exceÃÃo do LTE para camundongos). Diazepam, uma droga utilizada para ansiedade generalizada e com alguns efeitos no pÃnico, apresentou comportamento semelhante nos modelos, tendo efeito antipÃnico no LTE para ratos e nÃo para camundongos. Buspirona, uma droga utilizada na clinica apenas para ansiedade generalizada, nÃo apresentou efeitos antidepressivos ou antipÃnico em nenhum experimento. Paroxetina, inibidor seletivo da recaptaÃÃo da serotonina, antidepressivo, ansiolÃtico e antipÃnico, apresentou atividade ansiogÃnica no LCE (demonstrando este aparelho como inadequado para avaliar esta classe de droga) e efeito anti-ansiedade-generalizada e anti-pÃnico tanto em LTE para ratos quanto para camundongos. Conclui-se que o LTE para camundongos à um modelo adequado para detectar efeitos ansiolÃticos e anti-pÃnico das drogas, este Ãltimo em especial para drogas serotonÃrgicas
The disorders of anxiety use to have high levels of prevalence among population, with varying degrees of severity, eventually causing disability. Deakin & Graeff have conceived a theoretical model, relating distal defence, amygdala and generalized anxiety, on the one hand, and proximal defence, periaqueductal grey substance and panic, on the other. In this proposal, serotonin eases anxiety, but inhibits the panic. The format of the Elevated T Maze (ETM) would be more effective to distinguish these two patterns of anxiety, in contrast to Elevated plus maze (EPM), one of the models most frequently used to evaluate anxiolytic effects of drugs. The model was validated for rats, with little description about the use in mice. In the first experiment, the animals (Swiss mice, 10 in each group) were treated with saline (10 ml / kg, ip), imipramine (30mg/kg; ip), diazepan (1mg/kg; ip), paroxetine (5mg/kg ; Ip), paroxetine (10mg/kg; ip) and paroxetine (20mg/kg; ip) and evaluated in the Forced Swim Test (FST). In the second experiment the mice were divided into five groups (n = 10) and treated with saline (10 ml/kg, ip), imipramine (30mg/kg; ip), diazepan (2mg/kg; ip), paroxetine (10mg / kg, ip), buspirone (10mg/kg; ip), daily for one week (subchronic), and after that they were evaluated in the FST. In the third experiment mice were treated subcronic with saline, imipramine (30mg/kg; IP), paroxetine (10mg/kg; IP), diazepam (2mg/kg; IP) and buspirone (10mg/kg; IP) and then tested in EPM. In the fourth experiment, were used Wistar rats that received daily, by gavage, saline, imipramine (10mg/kg), paroxetine (10mg/kg), diazepam (1mg/kg) or buspirone (10mg/kg) for 24 consecutive days (in volume 1 ml per kg) and then were evaluated in ETM and Open Field Test (OFT). The fifth experiment was similar to the fourth, being used mice and adapted device for ETM. The results were: imipramine and three doses of paroxetine presented antidepressant effect, as diazepam showed depressive effect on acute FST. In subchronic FST, only imipramine presented antidepressant effect. In the EPM, imipramine presented anxiolytic effect as paroxetine presented anxiogenic effect. In ETM with rats chronically treated, paroxetine, diazepan and buspirone showed anti-generalized-anxiety-like effect, as imipramine, diazepan and paroxetine showed anti-panic-like effect. In ETM with mice chronically treated with imipramine, diazepan, buspirone and paroxetine presented responses anti-generalized-anxiety-like and only paroxetine showed anti-panic-like effect. Thus, imipramine, a drug effective in depressive disorders, generalized anxiety and panic, was responsible for similar responses in animal models (except for the ETM for mice). Diazepam, a drug used to generalized anxiety and with some effects in panic, presented similar behavior in the models, with antipanic-like effect in ETM for rats and not for the mice. Buspirone, a drug used in clinic only to generalized anxiety, did not present antidepressant or antipanic effects in any experiment. Paroxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), antidepressant, anxiolytic and antipanic, presented anxiogenic activity in EPM (demonstrating this device as inadequate to evaluate this class of drugs) and anti-generalized-anxiety and anti-panic both in ETM for rats and for mice. We concludes that the ETM for mice is an appropriate model to detect anxiolytic and anti-panic effects of drugs, the latter especially for 5-HT drugs
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Mendonça, Reginaldo Teixeira. "A medicalização de conflitos: consumo de ansiolíticos e antidepressivos em grupos populares." Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/6/6136/tde-28092009-164952/.

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Esta pesquisa retrata uma experiência etnográfica sobre o consumo de medicamentos antidepressivos e ansiolíticos fornecidos por uma farmácia pública aos moradores de uma área formada por três bairros da cidade de Ribeirão Preto-SP. Esta área era formada por casas populares, casas luxuosas e por uma favela, sendo coberta pela Estratégia de Saúde da Família, com a exceção de uma parte das casas populares, a qual era formado pelas casas COHAB (Companhia Habitacional). O bairro com as casas luxuosas foi incluído somente na observação participante e na fotografia. Os motivos do consumo destes medicamentos, investigados com entrevistas abertas, observação participante, diário de campo e fotografia, são justificados através de uma remodelação e reorganização de espaços entre os moradores destes bairros, marcados por desigualdades sociais, de gênero e pela busca de diferenciação, numa hierarquia classificada entre o ideal e o indesejado através do curso de vida dos moradores. A seleção dos entrevistados foi realizada a partir dos dados da dispensação dos medicamentos psicoativos pela farmácia pública fornecedora, a qual também estava incluída na experiência etnográfica, tendo sido a dispensação dos medicamentos incluída na observação participante. O consumo de medicamentos psicoativos foi analisado a partir da ótica de seus consumidores, revelando que estariam contribuindo para perpetuar os papéis sociais frente à dinâmica social, como os relacionados ao gênero e à classe social. A pesquisa revela uma associação entre vida cotidiana e consumo de medicamentos psicoativos, destoante de um produzir saúde, esperado da relação entre serviços de saúde e população, e de uma associação entre doença e uso de medicamentos. Aprofundar questões sociais sobre o consumo de medicamentos em grupos populares poderá evitar seu uso abusivo com a função de produzir um corpo explorado quimicamente por se estender seus limites de produção, aprofundando e silenciando desigualdades sociais. O consumo de medicamentos psicoativos deve ser analisado com cautela, devendo seu consumo ser problematizado.
This research shows an ethnographic experience on the use of antidepressant and anxiolytic medicines provided by a public pharmacy to the residents of an area formed by three sectors of the city of Ribeirão Preto-SP. This area was formed by popular houses, luxury houses and a shantytown, and covered by the Family Health Strategy, with the exception of part of the popular houses, wich was formed by COHAB houses (Housing Company). The neighborhood with luxury houses was included only in a participant observation and in the photograph. The reasons for the use of the medecines, investigated with open interview, participant oservation, a field diary and photograph, are justified through a remodeling and recognization of space between the residents of these neigborhoods, marked by social inequality, gender and the search for differentiation, in a classified hierarchy between the ideal and unwanted y the life´s course of residents. The selection of interviewees was made from the data of the dispensing of psychoactive medicines by the provider public pharmacy, wich was also included in the etnographic experience, having been dispensing of medicines included in participant observation. The use of psychoactive medicines has been examined from the perspective of their consumers, revealing that they were helping to perpetuate social roles in the social dynamicsrelated to gender and social class. The research shows an association between daily life and use of psychoactive medicines, diverging from the production of health, which is waited in the relashionship between health services and population, and diverging from assocition between illness and medication use. Deepening social issues on the consumption of medecines in popular groups may prevent their abuse with the function of producing a body explored chemically because it has extended their limits of production, deepening and keeping quiet the social inequalities. The consumption of psychoactive medecines should be examined with caution, their consumption should be problematized
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Cayer, Christian. ""In vivo" Behavorial Characterization of Anxiolytic Botanicals." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20473.

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This thesis studied three plants traditionally used for treating a variety of anxiety related conditions. The three species were Roseroot, Rhodiola rosea from Nunavik, Cordonsillo, Piper amalago from Belize and “Sin Susto”, Souroubea sympetala from Costa Rica. The main objective of this research project was to investigate effects on behavior of these traditionally used native plants. It was found that the crude ethanol extracts derived from these plants administered intragastrically had measurable anxiolytic effects in male Sprague Dawley rats. Rats treated with extracts of these plants were then tested in several behavioral paradigms: elevated plus maze (EPM), social interaction (SI), conditioned emotional response (CER) and fear potentiated startle FPS. “Sin susto” produced significant anti-anxiety effects in several paradigms. Its active principle, betulinic acid, was significantly active in the EPM and FPS at a dose of 0.5mg/kg. Cordonsillo had strong activity in the SI paradigm and Roseroot in the CER paradigm. The results suggest that traditional use is based on pharmacological activity of the plants.
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Books on the topic "Anxiolytics"

1

Briley, Mike, and David Nutt, eds. Anxiolytics. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8470-9.

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Workshop on "Target Receptors for Anxiolytics and Hypnotics: From Molecular Pharmacology to Therapeutics" (1991 Monte-Carlo, Monaco). Target receptors for anxiolytics and hypnotics: From molecular pharmacology to therapeutics : Workshop on "Target Receptors for Anxiolytics and Hypnotics: From Molecular Pharmacology to Therapeutics," Monte Carlo, November 24-26, 1991. Edited by Mendlewicz J and Racagni Giorgio. Basel: Karger, 1992.

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Stephens, David N., ed. Anxiolytic β-Carbolines. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78451-4.

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1956-, Masotto Claudio, and Steardo Luca 1947-, eds. Pharmacology of anxiolytic drugs. Seattle: Hogrefe & Huber, 1996.

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Holsboer, Florian, and Andreas Ströhle, eds. Anxiety and Anxiolytic Drugs. Berlin/Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-28082-0.

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J, Sramek John, and Kurtz Neil M, eds. Anxiolytic compounds: Perspectives in drug development. Chichester: John Wiley, 1996.

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Boer, Sietse Freerk De. Dynamics of stress hormones in the rat: Modification by psychological factors and anxiolytic drugs = De dynamiek van stress hormonen bij de rat : modificatie door psychologische factoren en anxiolytica. [Utrecht, The Netherlands]: S.F. de Boer, 1990.

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Briley, Mike. Anxiolytics. Springer, 2012.

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Buschmann, Helmut, José Luis Díaz, Jörg Holenz, Antonio Párraga, Antoni Torrens, and José Miguel Vela, eds. Antidepressants, Antipsychotics, Anxiolytics. Wiley, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527619337.

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(Editor), Mike Briley, and David Nutt (Editor), eds. Anxiolytics (Milestones in Drug Therapy). Birkhauser, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Anxiolytics"

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Levine, Louise R., and William Z. Potter. "The 5-HT1A Receptor: an unkept promise?" In Anxiolytics, 95–104. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8470-9_7.

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McGrath, Caroline, Graham D. Burrows, and Trevor R. Norman. "The benzodiazepines: a brief review of pharmacology and therapeutics." In Anxiolytics, 1–11. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8470-9_1.

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Skolnick, Phil. "Glutamate receptor ligands." In Anxiolytics, 139–50. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8470-9_10.

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Argyropoulos, Spilios V., and David J. Nutt. "Peptide receptors as targets for anxiolytic drugs." In Anxiolytics, 151–75. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8470-9_11.

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Shayegan, Darius K., and Stephen M. Stahl. "Buspirone." In Anxiolytics, 13–25. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8470-9_2.

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Hoehn-Saric, Rudolf. "Tricyclic antidepressants." In Anxiolytics, 27–39. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8470-9_3.

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Buller, Raimund, and Jorga M. Karin. "Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (including the newer reversible compounds)." In Anxiolytics, 41–53. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8470-9_4.

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Baldwin, David S., and Jon Birtwistle. "Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors in anxiety disorders: room for improvement." In Anxiolytics, 55–75. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8470-9_5.

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Griebel, Guy, Ghislaine Perrault, and David J. Sanger. "Subtype-selective benzodiazepine receptor ligands." In Anxiolytics, 77–94. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8470-9_6.

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Moret, Chantal. "5-HT1B/D receptors in anxiety." In Anxiolytics, 105–18. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8470-9_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Anxiolytics"

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Abel, T., B. Juan Miguel, A. Ana, C. Carmen, V. Carmen, and I. Carles. "CP-228 Evolution of the consumption of anxiolytics and hypnotics in a health area." In 22nd EAHP Congress 22–24 March 2017 Cannes, France. British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ejhpharm-2017-000640.226.

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Nussbaumer, M., J. Asara, L. Teplytska, M. Murphy, A. Chen, C. Turck, and M. Filiou. "MitoQ administration exerts anxiolytic effects in vivo." In Abstracts of the 30th Symposium of the AGNP. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1606412.

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Guay, Paul, Maha Mian, Brianna Altman, Luna Ueno, and Mitch Earleywine. "Anxiety, Expectancies for Cannabis-Induced Anxiolytic Effects, and Frequency of Cannabis Consumption." In 2020 Virtual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2021.01.000.36.

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This study explored relations among anxiety, expectancies for cannabis’s anxiolytic effects, and frequency of use. Undergraduate users (N=242, Mage = 19.1, 64.5% male, 46.6% White, 18.6% African American, 13% Hispanic/Latino, 12.7% Asian, 9.1% Mixed) rated their anxiety on the TSC-40. They reported expectancies for cannabis’s anxiolytic effects using the same TSC items with a rating from -2 (making the symptom worse) to +2 (making the symptom better). Average expectancies were 2.41, suggesting that users expected some impact of cannabis on anxiety symptoms. These expectancies showed a dramatic skew that required transformation. We regressed anxiety and expectancies and their centered interaction term on days of use per month. Expectancies (B=.917) served as a significant predictor, however anxiety did not (B=.215). The interaction term was not significant, (B=.155). These results suggest that users choose the number of days they use based on their expectations of cannabis-induced improvement of anxiety, not on their level of anxiety. The interaction was not an important contributor. These results suggest that alternative approaches for handling anxiety might decrease the frequency of cannabis consumption. In addition, challenging cannabis expectancies about anxiety could also decrease frequency of consumption.
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"Anxiolytic effect of L-carnitine in adult male rats." In International Conference on Medicine, Public Health and Biological Sciences. CASRP Publishing Company, Ltd. Uk, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18869/mphbs.2016.229.

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Moreira, Stella, Wandemberg Neto, Gabriela Lourenço, Carla Costa, Sávio Araújo, and Daniela Barros. "Anxiolytic effects of oral administration of L-Theanine: a revision." In MOL2NET 2018, International Conference on Multidisciplinary Sciences, 4th edition. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mol2net-04-05543.

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Shevchenko, Roman, Oxana Gribakina, Pavel Bochkov, Alexander Novitsky, Alexander Litvin, Gennady Kolyvanov, and Vladimir Zherdev. "TESTING OF LINEARITY PHARMACOKINETICS HYPOTHESIS OF A NEW ANXIOLYTIC OF TSPO-LIGAND." In XV International interdisciplinary congress "Neuroscience for Medicine and Psychology". LLC MAKS Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m634.sudak.ns2019-15/471.

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Lima, Eduardo, Bruna Costa, and Ada Assunção. "P242 Anxiolytic and antidepressant use among court workers in minas gerais, brazil." In Occupational Health: Think Globally, Act Locally, EPICOH 2016, September 4–7, 2016, Barcelona, Spain. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2016-103951.558.

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Kolik, Larisa G., Tatiyana A. Gudasheva, and Sergey B. Seredenin. "Dipeptide Analogue of Endogenous Cholecystokinin-4 with Anxiolytic and Analgesic Effects: Low Affinity and Multitarget Action." In The Twenty-Third American and the Sixth International Peptide Symposium. Prompt Scientific Publishing, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.17952/23aps.2013.196.

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Reza, A. S. M. Ali, Talha Bin Emran, and Abu Montakim Tareq. "Anxiolytic, antidepressant and anti-inflammatory activities of water-soluble extract of beehive in Swiss albino mice." In 6th International Electronic Conference on Medicinal Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecmc2020-07254.

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CASSANO, G. B., C. BORGHI, A. PETRACCA, P. L. MORSELLI, and M. GARREAU. "ALPIDEM, A NEW ANXIOLYTIC FOR TREATING AND PREVENTING BENZODIAZEPINE WITHDRAWAL SYNDROME: A DOUBLE-BLIND PLACEBO CONTROLLED STUDY." In IX World Congress of Psychiatry. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814440912_0202.

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Reports on the topic "Anxiolytics"

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Dy, Sydney M., Arjun Gupta, Julie M. Waldfogel, Ritu Sharma, Allen Zhang, Josephine L. Feliciano, Ramy Sedhom, et al. Interventions for Breathlessness in Patients With Advanced Cancer. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer232.

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Abstract:
Objectives. To assess benefits and harms of nonpharmacological and pharmacological interventions for breathlessness in adults with advanced cancer. Data sources. We searched PubMed®, Embase®, CINAHL®, ISI Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials through early May 2020. Review methods. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies with a comparison group evaluating benefits and/or harms, and cohort studies reporting harms. Two reviewers independently screened search results, serially abstracted data, assessed risk of bias, and graded strength of evidence (SOE) for key outcomes: breathlessness, anxiety, health-related quality of life, and exercise capacity. We performed meta-analyses when possible and calculated standardized mean differences (SMDs). Results. We included 48 RCTs and 2 retrospective cohort studies (4,029 patients). The most commonly reported cancer types were lung cancer and mesothelioma. The baseline level of breathlessness varied in severity. Several nonpharmacological interventions were effective for breathlessness, including fans (SMD -2.09 [95% confidence interval (CI) -3.81 to -0.37]) (SOE: moderate), bilevel ventilation (estimated slope difference -0.58 [95% CI -0.92 to -0.23]), acupressure/reflexology, and multicomponent nonpharmacological interventions (behavioral/psychoeducational combined with activity/rehabilitation and integrative medicine). For pharmacological interventions, opioids were not more effective than placebo (SOE: moderate) for improving breathlessness (SMD -0.14 [95% CI -0.47 to 0.18]) or exercise capacity (SOE: moderate); most studies were of exertional breathlessness. Different doses or routes of administration of opioids did not differ in effectiveness for breathlessness (SOE: low). Anxiolytics were not more effective than placebo for breathlessness (SOE: low). Evidence for other pharmacological interventions was limited. Opioids, bilevel ventilation, and activity/rehabilitation interventions had some harms compared to usual care. Conclusions. Some nonpharmacological interventions, including fans, acupressure/reflexology, multicomponent interventions, and bilevel ventilation, were effective for breathlessness in advanced cancer. Evidence did not support opioids or other pharmacological interventions within the limits of the identified studies. More research is needed on when the benefits of opioids may exceed harms for broader, longer term outcomes related to breathlessness in this population.
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