Relevant bibliographies by topics / Apanage

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Apanage'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Apanage"

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Sugiyarto, Sugiyarto, Agustinus Supriyono, and Endah Sri Hartatik. "Nobility and Land System in the Pre-Colonial Era of the Surakarta and Yogyakarta Kingdoms." Paramita: Historical Studies Journal 30, no. 2 (September 1, 2020): 208–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v30i2.23692.

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This article discusses apanage land belonging to the village heads, which is a legacy of the land system in the era of pre-colonial Surakarta and Yogyakarta kingdoms or what is termed as Vorstenlanden. This paper is aimed to find out how the feudal and nobility system in Java, which in the colonial era was very vulnerable to intervention and politics of splitting or fighting. To answering this question, a study will be conducted on the history of the Islamic Mataram kingdom until the era of Surakarta and Yogyakarta, en focusing on the analysis of the apanage and nobility systems. The method used is a historical method that consists of four steps, namely, heuristics, textual criticism, interpretation, and historiography. This research shows high officials and royal aristocrats have the power and the right to collect land tax and labor. A decline in the degree of nobility in Java will also affect the extent or amount of apanage land obtained. In the other side, the peasant only enjoy a small portion of the results of working on land or rice fields. Artikel ini membahas tentang tanah apanage milik para kepala desa yang merupakan peninggalan sistem pertanahan di era pra-kolonial kerajaan Surakarta dan Yogyakarta atau yang disebut dengan Vorstenlanden. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana sistem feodal dan bangsawan di Jawa yang pada masa penjajahan sangat rentan terhadap intervensi dan politik perpecahan atau perkelahian. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, dilakukan studi tentang sejarah kerajaan Mataram Islam hingga era Surakarta dan Yogyakarta, dengan fokus pada analisis sistem bangsawan dan bangsawan. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode sejarah yang terdiri dari empat tahapan yaitu heuristik, kritik tekstual, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan pejabat tinggi dan bangsawan kerajaan memiliki kekuasaan dan hak untuk memungut pajak tanah dan tenaga kerja. Penurunan derajat kebangsawanan di Jawa juga akan mempengaruhi luasan atau jumlah rata-rata tanah yang diperoleh. Di sisi lain, petani hanya menikmati sebagian kecil dari hasil menggarap lahan atau sawah.
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Sugiyarto and Agustinus Supriyono. "Traditional and Feodal Agricultural Ecology: Land System in the Islamic Kingdom of Mataram." E3S Web of Conferences 202 (2020): 07082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020207082.

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This article discusses apanage land belonging to village heads, which is a legacy of the land system in the era of pre-colonial Surakarta and Yogyakarta kingdoms or what is termed as as Vorstenlanden. As the aim was to find out how the feudal and nobility system in Java, which in the colonial era was very vulnerable to intervention and politics of splitting or fighting. To answer this question, a study will be conducted on the history of the Islamic Mataram kingdom until the era of Surakarta and Yogyakarta, en focusing on analysis of the apanage and nobility systems. The method used is a historical method which consists of four steps, namely, heuristics (activities to search for and collect historical sources), textual criticism (testing and assessing the authenticity of historical sources both in form and content), interpretation (interpreting historical facts obtained through text criticism) and historiography, namely presenting research results in the form of articles.
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Stark, Elisabeth, and Larissa Binder. "L’inversion du sujet clitique en français oral : ultime apanage des interrogatives ?" Langue française N° 212, no. 4 (December 7, 2021): 25–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/lf.212.0025.

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McCluskey, P. "Renaissance, Dynasticism and Apanage Politics: Jacques de Savoie-Nemours, 1531-1585." French History 27, no. 3 (April 11, 2013): 460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/fh/crt036.

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Jin, Zuo, Zhang, and Sun. "An Orderly Power Utilization Scheme Based on an Intelligent Multi-Agent Apanage Management System." Energies 12, no. 23 (November 29, 2019): 4563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12234563.

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Orderly power utilization (OPU) is an important measure to alleviate contradiction between supply and demand in a power system peak load period. As a load management system becomes smarter, it is necessary to fully explore the interactive ability among users and make schemes for OPU more applicable. Therefore, an intelligent multi-agent apanage management system that includes a mutual aid mechanism (MAM) is proposed. In the decision-making scheme, users’ participation patterns and the potential of peak shifting and willingness are considered, as well as the interests of both power consumers and power grid are comprehensively considered. For residential users, the charging time for their electric vehicles (EVs) is managed to consume the locally distributed power generation. To fully exploit user response potential, the algorithm for improved clustering by fast search and find of density peaks (I-CFSFDP), i.e., clusters the power load curve, is proposed. To conduct electrical mutual aid among users and adjust the schemes reasonably, a multi-objective optimization model (M2OM) is established based on the cluster load curves. The objectives include the OPU control cost, the user’s electricity cost, and the consumption of distributed photovoltaic (PV). Our results of a case study show that the above method is effective and economical for improving interactive ability among users. Agents can coordinate their apanage power resources optimally. Experiments and examples verify the practicability and effectiveness of the improved algorithm proposed in this study.
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Halimi, Suzy. "La maison de campagne, apanage des élites foncières en Angleterre au XVIIIe siècle." XVII-XVIII. Revue de la société d'études anglo-américaines des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles 39, no. 1 (1994): 7–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/xvii.1994.1928.

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I Made Purana. "Study Of Critical Disadvantages System Catur Varna To Concept Catur Kasta In Civil Society Bali Hindu." Kamaya: Jurnal Ilmu Agama 5, no. 1 (January 21, 2022): 20–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.37329/kamaya.v5i1.1524.

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The people apanage of Bali know the concept of Kasta. Such stratification creates different views between the Tri Wangsa and jaba groups. The Tri Wangsa want an acribed status, whereas the Sudra or Jaba group want the achieved status, which in turn leads to polemics among the people of Bali apanage. As a qualitative study with a cultural perspective, this study aims to reveal and analyze more clearly the blurring of the varna system into a kasta concept in Balinese Hindu society. Data sources are extracted based on bibliographic or documentary data. Data collection using reading techniques and recording techniques. Data analysis on the problem is done by qualitative descriptive analysis and comparative analysis. The results showed that the blurring of the varna system into a kasta concept is inseparable from the royal politics of its time. The traditional educational system originating from Hindu literature and religion can only be enjoyed by the upper layers, the brahmins and the knights, while the sudra or jaba classes are strictly prohibited. The Kasta architects of Bali in the past few centuries, so expertly exploit the situation of the backwardness of Hindus outside the brahmans and the knights, so the teachings of Hinduism are manipulated in terms of caste naming. The elements of caste plagiarize the elements of varna that are indeed Hindu teachings. In addition, Dutch colonial politics is also very influential on the order of life in Bali, which causes problems in the system of social status. The Dutch government has not fully implemented the modern system of government. This is evident in the system of appointment of new employees (civil servants). The Dutch government has not carried out according to rational legal criteria, but still uses the traditional system of judging a person in terms of the height of the Kasta, not in terms of ability. Therefore, it is necessary to increase knowledge of village manners in the field of customary law and knowledge of village manners in the field of religion according to what is stated in the Hindu scriptures.
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Greulich, Angela. "« Rebond de la fécondité » dans les pays développés, automatisme ou apanage de quelques rares privilégiés ?" Revue d'économie financière 122, no. 2 (2016): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ecofi.122.0057.

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Braun, Guido. "Langues et culture de la diplomatie au xviie siècle." Cinquante ans de désindustrialisation, no. 1 (January 1, 2019): 199–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.57086/rrs.97.

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À juste titre, le congrès de Westphalie, point de départ de notre réflexion sur les langues et la culture de la diplomatie, a été qualifié d’« archétype » des congrès internationaux. Force est de constater que, par leur caractère polyglotte, les négociateurs de la paix de 1648 incarnent le microcosme du monde diplomatique moderne. Les langues de la diplomatie sont le reflet de la culture de leur époque ; l’humanisme est leur apanage. Derrière le latin, principale langue des négociateurs au congrès, le français s’établit comme langue des diplomates, mais il doit encore partager le palmarès avec d’autres langues vernaculaires, surtout l’italien mais aussi l’allemand, l’espagnol et le néerlandais. L’essor du français, qui s’accentue lors des congrès suivants, s’explique par la suprématie culturelle et, d’une certaine manière, politique de la France en Europe, mais surtout par le rayonnement de sa civilisation.
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Guyonneau, Christine H. "Literature of Francophone Africa and its Diaspora in Bibliographic Indexes: An Evaluation." African Research & Documentation 37 (1985): 27–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305862x00007846.

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In the era of information explosion, published material is no longer the apanage of specialized journals. Researchers in all fields — and African literature is no exception — must gather data that are scattered in eclectic publications. For instance, three journals that do not specialize in literature recently published the following articles: Teisseyre, Ch. ‘Interrogation sur la littérature africaine d'expression francaise'. Revue Francaise d'Histoire du Livre 48 (1979): 805-811; Yaek'Olingo, Wufele. ‘Brefs regards sur l'image de l'autorité post-coloniale dans le roman africain de langue francaise’. Genève-Afrique 19 (1) (1981): 103-122; Menga, Guy. ‘Expérience d'un dramaturge: l'essor du théâtre moderne au Congo’. Ethnopsychologie 35 (2-3) (April-Sept. 1980): 81-86. In this study, several interdisciplinary indexes which cover journals pertaining to francophone African literature (including but not limited to, monographs, collective works, dissertations, and proceedings of conferences) are analyzed and compared in terms of their coverage, relevancy and currency.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Apanage"

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Mauger, Franck. "Le dernier apanage. : Gouvernement et administration des comtés d'Alençon et du Perche (1290-1525)." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC007.

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Constitué par saint Louis en faveur de son fils Pierre, mort en 1284, l’apanage d’Alençon renaît en 1290 lorsque le roi Philippe le Bel l’octroie à son frère Charles de Valois. Sept comtes, puis ducs à partir de 1415, lui succéderont jusqu’en 1525. Cousins des rois et pairs de France, les Valois-Alençon ont fait de cet apanage normanno-percheron le cœur d’une principauté étendue du pays de Caux aux rivages de la Loire, des marches de Bretagne au pays chartrain.Les principats de Pierre II (1367-1404) et de son fils Jean Ier, mort à Azincourt en 1415, marquent l’apogée de cette œuvre politique soutenue par le roi. Désormais enracinés sur l’apanage, les Alençon réforment l’administration des territoires, s’entourent d’officiers polyvalents et dotent leur principauté des institutions traditionnellement dévolues au gouvernement des états : une chancellerie active, une trésorerie générale, une Chambre des comptes et même un Échiquier réputé souverain. Au palais neuf d’Argentan, l’Hôtel comtal accueille quelque deux cent trente officiers et serviteurs et brille d’un éclat jusqu’alors insoupçonné. La démarche prosopographique, qui étudie les caractéristiques sociologiques et les réseaux d’influence façonnant les carrières des agents du pouvoir, guide ici la découverte des administrations princières.Hommes liges du parti d’Orléans, les Alençon paient toutefois au prix fort leur engagement politique. L’occupation lancastrienne (1417-1450) et l’exil, les rançons et l’obstruction durable du duc Jean II à la politique du roi minent leur autorité. La faillite menace et contraint les princes aux pires expédients. Leur incurie aggrave l’isolement qui les frappe jusqu’à ce qu’en 1515 l’avènement au trône de France de François d’Angoulême, « frère » par alliance du dernier duc Charles IV, offre à cette principauté un ultime et éphémère rayonnement
Formed by Saint Louis in favour of his son Pierre, who died in 1284, the Alençon appanage revived in 1290 when King Philippe le Bel bestowed it upon his brother Charles de Valois. Seven princes, who became dukes as of 1415, succeeded him till 1525. Cousins to Kings and Peers of France, the Valois-Alençons turned the Norman-Percheron appanage into the heart of a principality stretching from the Pays de Caux to the banks of the Loire river, from the « Marches de Bretagne » to the Chartres area.The principates of Pierre II (1367-1404) and his son Jean I, who died in Azincourt in 1415, marked the heyday of this political piece of work supported by the King. Henceforth, rooted in this appannage, the Alençons reformed the administration of territories, surrounded themselves with versatile officers and endowed their principality with institutions traditionally devoted to the governance of states: an active chancellery, a general treasury, an exchequer and even a deemed sovereign court of justice. At the new castle of Argentan, the prince court hosted some two hundred and thirty officers and servants, and sparkled with a so far unsuspected lustre. The prosopographic approach, which studies the sociological features and the influence networks shaping the careers of the agents of authority, herein guides the discovery of the princely administration
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Deroche, Alexandre. "L'apanage royal à l'époque moderne." Paris 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA020064.

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Conciliant la loi fondamentale de primogéniture et d’indivisibilité du royaume avec l’existence des frères puînés des rois, l’apanage se justifie doublement par le droit naturel et le droit public de la monarchie, au point de pouvoir figurer parmi la constitution coutumière de l’ancienne France. Disputée par les juristes et praticiens, sa nature juridique oscille entre usufruit et propriété, rente pécuniaire et fief. Afin de préserver l’intégrité du domaine de la Couronne, l’apanage est affecté d’une clause de retour en cas d’extinction de la descendance mâle des princes. Limité financièrement, il emporte la cession de droits honorifiques et lucratifs liés au domaine, comme la justice, les offices ou les bois et forêts, sans entamer néanmoins la souveraineté royale. Il est administré par le conseil de la maison princière, gestionnaire attentif, et contrôlé par les cours souveraines et le gouvernement royal, dans un esprit de collaboration, qui n’exclut pas cependant quelques frictions en cas de modification préjudiciable apportée par le Roi. Associé à la monarchie incarnée, il est logiquement condamné par la Révolution française et remplacé par des rentes apanagères dès 1790.
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Perrillat, Laurent. "Les institutions de l'apanage de Genevois aux XVIe et XVIIe siècles." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040083.

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De 1514 à 1659, le Genevois, le Faucigny et le Beaufort constituent un apanage pour une branche cadette de la Maison de Savoie. Ces princes, également ducs de Nemours, détiennent des privilèges importants, perçoivent les revenus de leur apanage et exercent leur autorité grâce à des agents et des institutions. Celles-ci siègent à Annecy : ce sont le Conseil de Genevois, tribunal suprême, la Chambre des comptes de Genevois, organe de contrôle financier, et la trésorerie générale, qui gère les finances de la principauté. Leur personnel, élite de la société annécienne, appartient à un milieu caractérisé par des ascensions sociales, l'accès à la noblesse, une forte homogamie et des aspirations culturelles et religieuses communes. Dans chaque localité de l'apanage, exercent, relais des institutions centrales, les châtelains, juges et surtout administrateurs du domaine, et les commissaires d'extentes, notaires chargés du maintien des droits seigneuriaux appartenant au prince apanagé. Ces offices locaux sont souvent aux mains d'un nombre restreint de personnes ou de familles. Le duc de Genevois dispose ainsi de moyens d'action efficaces sur lequel le duc de Savoie n'a guère de prise ; on peut ainsi considérer que l'apanage, du fait de la puissance de ses princes, n'a pas alors d'équivalent en Europe. Ses institutions ont contribué à donner aux Genevois, Faucigny et Beaufort une physionomie particulière au sein des États de Savoie et ont préparent le développement de l'administration sarde au XVIIIe siècle
From 1514 to 1659, Genevois, Faucigny and Beaufort is assigned as an apanage to a younger branch of the House of Savoy. These princes, who are also dukes of Nemours, dispose of important privileges, collect the revenues of their apanage and their authority is exercised by the mean of agents and institutions. These institutions are located in Annecy : the Conseil de Genevois deals with all judiciary aspects, the Chambre des comptes de Genevois has control upon finance, the trésorerie générale manages revenues and expenses. Their staff, who can be considered as Annecy social elite, is a group where rising the social scale and accessing to nobility are frequent and whose members have the same cultural and religious ideals. In every large village of the apanage, châtelains are the representatives of the central jurisdictions and manage domain goods, whereas commissaires d'extentes, notaries, look after the prince's rights. Only few persons or few families control these local charges. The duke of Genevois has thus powerful means to rule the apanage, which escapes to the control of the duke of Savoy. The power of the princes of Genevois has no equivalent at this time in Europe. Genevois, Faucigny and Beaufort hold a particular place in the Savoyard States and prefigure the Sardinian administration in the XVIIIth century
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Morgat, Alain. "Tenir son rang : Apanages et douaires royaux en France au seizième siècle (1498-1620)." Paris 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA040198.

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Since the Middle Ages, kings of France give pieces of land to members of their family, in order to provide them with the means of maintaining a rank suiting to their extraction. This practice lives on during the XVIth century, in which about twenty apanages and dowers are founded for princes, princesses and dowager queens of France. Women are still entitled to receive domains from the King, although the legislation of the time tends to limit their rights. The resources of their domains and financial aid of the King allow the “princes apanagés” to support a household consonant with their rank, thanks to the careful management of the councils which assist them. Within the princely domains the local officers accept the new authorities upon them, but they keep on following the royal pattern of government. The presence of the “princes apanagés” in their domains is vividly made clear only in the event of special acts, such as the repeated favours granted by duchesses of Berry Marguerite d'Angoulême and Marguerite de France to the University of Bourges or the use by François d'Alençon of the duchy of Anjou for his political plans
Le roi de France accorde depuis le Moyen Age aux membres de sa famille des domaines afin que ceux-ci aient les moyens financiers de tenir un rang digne de leur origine. Cette pratique perdure au XVIe siècle, au cours duquel une vingtaine d'apanages et de douaires sont constitués en faveur de princes, de princesses et de reines douairières de France. Les femmes ont en effet encore le droit de recevoir des donations domaniales, en dépit d'un certain durcissement de la législation à cette époque. Les ressources de leurs domaines et l'aide financière du roi permettent aux princes d'entretenir une maison conforme à leur rang, grâce à la gestion attentive des Conseils qui les assistent. Au sein des domaines princiers, les juridictions et les officiers locaux prennent en compte le changement d'autorité, sans pour autant s'écarter du modèle de l'administration monarchique. La présence des princes apanagés s'y marque surtout en cas d'action particulière, par exemple les faveurs des duchesses de Berry Marguerite d'Angoulême et de Marguerite de France à l'égard de l'université de Bourges ou l'utilisation du duché d'Anjou par François d'Alençon dans le cadre de ses menées politiques
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Balouzat-Loubet, Christelle. "Le gouvernement de la comtesse Mahaut en Artois (1302-1329) : garder la pais, la concorde, la raison, le droit, et l'estat de ses villes et de ses sougis, pour bien de païs." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010618.

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Ce travail se propose d' étudier l’apanage artésien, qui illustre un moment spécifique dans Ie processus de construction des Etats princiers dans les derniers derniers du Moyen Age. En 1302, la comtesse d’Artois hérite d'un domaine important mais peu cohérent. Elle doit rapidement faire face à plusieurs revendications territoriales, ainsi qu'à 1'ingerence royale qui, traditionnellement forte, se fait encore plus pressante lors de la révolte nobiliaire des années 13151319: Ie pouvoir comtal doit s’affirmer dans un champ de forces contradictoires, entre attraction monarchique et volonte d' emandpation. Le patrimoine fonder est d'autant plus important que Mahaut« vit du sien ». Le gouvernement des finances, objet de toutes les attentions, conduit à la mise en place d'une administration centralisée, de plus en plus spécialisée. Les institutions sont confiées à des serviteurs toujours plus nombreux. : dont les plus fidèles peuvent espérer s' élever dans la hiérarchie sociale grâce aux libéralités comtales. La comtesse est par ailleurs très soucieuse de 1'image qu’elle donne d' elle-même et de son pouvoir. En effet, l' exercice de la souveraineté est soumis au jugement de l' opinion qui peut, par la n~volte ou la fama, remettre en cause sa legitimite. Même si Mahaut exerce sur ses sujets une domination, en particulier par l' exercice de la justice, elle ne peut gouverner sans obtenir leur adhésion. C est pourquoi elle cherche à renforcer la cohésion du comte en suscitant un sentiment d'identité autour d'elle-même et de la dynastie comtale.
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Teyssot, Josiane. "Riom, capitale et bonne ville d'Auvergne : 1212-1557." Tours, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOUR2012.

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Riom devient capitale partielle de l'Auvergne après la conquête du comté par Philippe Auguste en 1212. Cela développe la ville car elle abrite le siège de l'administration capétienne. L’apanage d'Alphonse de Poitiers, de 1241 à 1271, est essentiel : le frère de Saint Louis organise cette administration, il accorde une charte de franchises aux habitants en 1270, il lotit des quartiers neufs, et il reconstruit le château et l'enceinte urbaine. Le deuxième apanage, celui de Jean de Berry, de 1360 à 1416, constitue un deuxième temps fort, mais de crise, avec les pestes, la guerre de Cent Ans, l'appauvrissement et le dépeuplement. Les états provinciaux avec les bonnes villes, dont Riom, essaient d'atténuer ces calamités. Trois villes, à la fois rivales et complémentaires, dominent et forment la trilogie des "capitales" : Clermont, Montferrand, Riom. La société riomoise évolue du négoce vers judicature, ce que reflète l'évolution des institutions communales au XVe siècle. Les ducs Anne et Pierre de Beaujeu accompagnent ensuite le renouveau à la fin du XVe siècle. Mais en 1557, Catherine de Médicis choisit Clermont comme seule capitale : c'est la fin de l'âge d'or riomois
Riom partially became the capital of the Auvergne after the conquest of the county by king Philip Augustus in 1212. The town expanded as it was the seat of the capetian administration. Alphonse de Poitiers's "apanage", 1241-1271, proved to be essential. The brother of king saint louis organized this administration, the inhabitants were chartered liberties in 1270, news districts were parcelled out, and he had the castle and the urban enclosure rebuilt. The second "apanage", that of Jean de Berry, from 1360 to 1416, brought a second climax, but in time of crisis, due to the successive plagues, the hundred years war, the impoverishment and depopulation. Provincial states and such "bonnes villes" as Riom, tried to alleviate those calamities. Three rival yet complementary towns ruled over the area and formed the capitals's trilogy: Clermont, Montferrand, Riom. The Riom society developed from trade to judicature, which was reflected in the evolution of the communal institutions in the fifteenth century. Then the dukes Anne and Pierre de Beaujeu contributed to the revival of the late XVth century
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Diaféria, Celina. "Apanhe-os antes de caírem: o potencial transformador da experiência estética em adolescentes no contexto escolar." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/21527.

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In this research, we seek to investigate the ways in which reading, writing and the arts can provide experiences of transformation of the subject, to extend possibilities of interpretation of reality, in order to make it more diverse, rich and complex. To understand how the process of elaboration of the lived experience through the mediated reading and creation of fictional texts takes place, were selected some episodes lived next to students of thirteen and fourteen years old in the school. From the presentation of cultural objects in proposals with reading and writing, an atmosphere of trust is created, favorable to the creative gesture of young people. Some samples of authorial productions from former students allow the reader to see how distress can be worked out in creative productions, provided that young people are offered malleable means to which they can imprint their personal style and through which they can express their singularity
Nesta pesquisa, busca-se investigar de que forma a leitura, a escrita e as artes podem vir a proporcionar experiências de transformação do sujeito, no sentido de ampliar possibilidades de interpretação da realidade, de modo a torná-la mais diversa, rica e complexa. De modo a compreender como se dá o processo de elaboração da experiência vivida por meio da leitura mediada e criação de textos ficcionais, foram selecionados alguns episódios vividos junto a alunos de treze e quatorze anos na escola. A partir da apresentação de objetos culturais em propostas com a leitura e a escrita, cria-se um ambiente de confiança, favorável ao gesto criativo dos jovens. Algumas amostras de produções autorais de antigos alunos permitem ao leitor ver como as angústias podem ser elaboradas em produções criativas, desde que sejam ofertados aos jovens meios maleáveis aos quais eles possam imprimir seu estilo pessoal e pelos quais possam expressar sua singularidade
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Moulin, Marie-Anne. "Argentan au Moyen Âge : aspects urbains, sociaux et économiques." Paris, EHESS, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007EHES0145.

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La richesse des sources disponibles éclaire le développement de la ville d'Argentan, de sa naissance comme bourg castral contrôlant un carrefour et un guet de l'Orne, jusqu'à la fin de l'époque médiévale. Elle autorise à décrire les paysages urbains, à connaître l'évolution politique, les structures sociales et l'économie de cette petite ville normande. Dans ce contexte, les différents pouvoirs en présence - seigneurs, communauté urbaine et fabriques - matérialisent leur influence dans le bâti - château, murailles, églises et hôtels-Dieu, objets de travaux constants du XIIIe au XVe siècles. L'organisation des chantiers, de la décision à la mise en œuvre, varie en fonction de l'institution donneuse d'ordre. Les processus décisionnels, la direction et le suivi des travaux sont exposés pour les chantiers religieux, hospitaliers et castraux. La question des matériaux - approvisionnement, origine et qualités -permet de conclure à une bonne exploitation des ressources locales. Les artisans du bâtiment, majoritairement originaires des environs, font preuve d'une grande polyvalence et d'une bonne maîtrise technique transmise au sein de l'atelier familial
The important archives available allow to explain the development of the city of Argentan, from its beginning as a castle controlling a cross roads and the river Orne, till the end of the middle Ages. They also permit to knovv the political évolution, the social structures and the economy of this small Normandy city. In that context, the different local institutions - lords, urban organisation and parishes -become real through buildings - castle, city walls, churches and hospitals, always rebuilt from the 13* to the 15 century. The organisation of those works depends on the institution which is building. The decision, the direction and the following of those works are explained for churches, hospitals and the castle. The question of materials - how they are chosen and moved to the building area, where they are from, which quality - permit to discover a good exploitation of local resources. Building workers. Mainly from the close area, are able to work on différent kind of buildings and to do very different operations on the building and also have good technical capacities, learned in the family
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Westfall, Mandy R. K. "An elegy to Charlie Chan : Chang Apana, Earl Derr Biggers and Asian America." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/20390.

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Books on the topic "Apanage"

1

Suhartono. Apanage dan bekel. Yogyakarta: Tiara Wacana Yogya, 1991.

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Bula, Sandrine. L' apanage du comte d'Artois (1773-1790). Paris: Ecole des chartes, 1993.

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Renaissance dynasticism and apanage politics: Jacques de Savoie-Nemours, 1531-1585. Kirksville, Mo: Truman State University Press, 2012.

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Perrillat, Laurent. L' apanage de Genevois aux XVIe et XVIIe siècles: Pouvoirs, institutions, société. Annecy: Académie salésienne, 2006.

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Perrillat, Laurent. L' apanage de Genevois aux XVIe et XVIIe siècles: Pouvoirs, institutions, société. Annecy: Académie salésienne, 2006.

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Perrillat, Laurent. L' apanage de Genevois aux XVIe et XVIIe siècles: Pouvoirs, institutions, société. Annecy: Académie salésienne, 2006.

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Gosvāmī, Tilakarāja. Apanā ghara, apane loga: Kahānī-saṅgraha. Ilāhābāda: Rājīva Prakāśana, 1987.

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Śrīvāstava, Śailendra. Apanā apanā kurukshetra. Sāhibābāda: Janabhāratī, 1992.

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Bhāradvāja, Śītāṃśu. Apanā-apanā sukha. Naī Dillī: Sacina Prakāśana, 1987.

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Apanā-apanā Kurukshetra. Dillī: Kalā Prakāśana, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Apanage"

1

Kekewich, Margaret L. "The Dissolution of René’s apanage." In The Good King, 198–246. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230582217_6.

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Spangler, Jonathan. "The Evolution of Fraternal Relations and the Institution of the Apanage." In Monsieur. Second Sons in the Monarchy of France, 1550–1800, 23–38. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003165897-3.

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"Le « magnifique apanage » du « progressisme despotique »." In L’empire en marche. Des peuples sans qualités, de Vienne à Ottawa, 410–24. Presses de l'Université Laval, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1h0p4x4.32.

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"9. Conflicts of the Late 1570s." In Renaissance Dynasticism and Apanage Politics, 213–34. Penn State University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780271091136-011.

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"Frontmatter." In Renaissance Dynasticism and Apanage Politics, i—iv. Penn State University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780271091136-fm.

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"Contents." In Renaissance Dynasticism and Apanage Politics, v. Penn State University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780271091136-toc.

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"Maps, Portraits, and Figures." In Renaissance Dynasticism and Apanage Politics, vi. Penn State University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780271091136-001.

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"7. Dynastic Prestige, A Self-Regulating Mechanism: Dynastic Relations among Members of the House of Savoy." In Renaissance Dynasticism and Apanage Politics, 156–85. Penn State University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780271091136-009.

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"Index." In Renaissance Dynasticism and Apanage Politics, 275–90. Penn State University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780271091136-014.

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"Acknowledgments." In Renaissance Dynasticism and Apanage Politics, vii—xiv. Penn State University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780271091136-002.

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Conference papers on the topic "Apanage"

1

Domínguez Mariani, Eloísa, and Francisco Flores Pedroche. "El día mundial del agua desde diferentes miradas : algas como posibles Bioindicadores en un apantle." In Conferencia Interdisciplinaria de Avances en Investigación. Lerma Estado de México, México: Universidad Autónoma Metropilitana, Unidad Lerma, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24275/uam/lerma/repinst/ciai2018/000163/dominguez.

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