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1
Lee, Young Mi. "Efficient management plan for multi-family housing." Korea Association Of Real Estate Law 27, no. 3 (September 30, 2023): 63–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.32989/rel.2023.27.3.63.
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The quality of life of residents living in the house may vary depending on whether housing management is well managed. Multi-family houses are mainly inhabited by low-income households, elderly households, and young households by sale or residential ladders. However, there are no laws related to housing management like apartment houses subject to mandatory management. Therefore, the residential environment may be poor, and it may soon promote aging, which may negatively affect the residential stability of residents. On the other hand, apartment houses of a certain size or larger are required to be managed in accordance with the Apartment Housing Management Act, so they are professionally, systematically, and efficiently managed according to the management organization and management system. Therefore, not only is the residential environment pleasant, but it also delays aging and plays a significant role as an asset. This is the reason why most housing consumers prefer to live in apartments, which are apartment houses subject to mandatory management, and the reason why old city houses are converted into apartments, and low-income households are driven to the outskirts. Therefore, multi-family housing, like apartment houses subject to mandatory management, should not only preserve residents’ housing stability and their assets, but also establish and institutionalize multi-family housing management as soon as possible for the long life of the house. Therefore, in this study, we would like to propose efficient management measures for small apartment houses such as multi-family houses by deriving problems related to legal and institutional aspects related to multi-family housing management and tenant management consciousness.
2
Pham, Phi, Ngoc Pham, and Se Oh. "Spatial configuration of traditional houses and apartment unit plans in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam: A comparative study." Spatium, no. 45 (2021): 34–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat2145034p.
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The study aims to investigate the effects of the spatial configuration of traditional Vietnamese houses on the design of apartment buildings in Ho Chi Minh (HCM) City, Vietnam. To achieve the objective, the following approaches were implemented. Firstly, the transformation of the socio-economic structure in HCM City, which is a primary factor affecting the development of apartment buildings was examined. Secondly, the well-known space syntax method for analyzing the spatial structure plan was outlined. Thirdly, a survey of traditional houses and apartment buildings from 1960 to 2010 was conducted. Among the various traditional house styles, the Hue traditional garden house, which has primary effects on the modern housing design in HCM City, was selected as a representative sample to compare with apartment units. Lastly, the space syntax method was employed to analyze the spatial structure of the sample of traditional houses and apartment units. The effects of the Hue traditional house?s spatial configuration on apartment buildings were analyzed. The result shows that the spatial configuration of modern apartment buildings and traditional houses have similar characteristics, including having an adaptable natural environment, and they both reflect Vietnamese culture and society. The findings can be applied when predicting development trends for the unit plans of modern apartments in HCM City, Vietnam.
3
Vasiutina, Sofia, and Nikolay Vatin. "Reconstruction of Apartment in the Meltzer’s Apartment House." Applied Mechanics and Materials 725-726 (January 2015): 1165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.725-726.1165.
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The article considers the problem of great amount of communal apartments in Saint-Petersburg. There are several types of a settling program. One of the types is considered in this project, when the apartments in the old houses are purchased by people with high incomes who are able to resettle communal apartments. This project considered apartment in the Meltzer’s apartment house. Mainly practical things were developed, like a rational replan of the initial project, a certain amount of rooms with determined purposes, architectural and planning division of the apartment into guest and personal zones. As a result of reconstruction, initial compartment areas are recovered by combining the later created rooms. Long and narrow corridors converted into spacious halls.
4
Nguyen, Thanh-Minh, Sang-Bok Yoon, Hyun-Kyung Lee, Myeong-In Kim, and Jae-Seong Choi. "An Analysis of the Effect of Housing Environmental Factors and Perceived Value on Housing Satisfaction in Apartment Houses." Korean Data Analysis Society 24, no. 6 (December 30, 2022): 2463–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.37727/jkdas.2022.24.6.2463.
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Since the 1970s, rapid economic growth and urban concentration of the population have caused serious housing shortages in urban areas, and the government has implemented a policy to build and distribute high-rise apartment houses in large quantities. However, as the living standard of the people improves along with economic development, residents' interest in improving the quality of the residential environment is increasing, and it is necessary to find a strategy to improve the quality of apartment houses and to improve the quality of life. Therefore, this study investigated the residential environment factors of apartments that affect residents' housing satisfaction and the perceived value of residents, and identified the mediating role of perceived value in the relationship between the residential environment factors of apartments as follows. First, among the residential environment factors, safety, health, and economy were found to have a positive effect on the residential satisfaction of apartment houses, and among the residential environment factors, safety, convenience, health, economy, aesthetics, and sociality had a significant positive effect on the perceived value of apartment houses. In addition, the perceived value of apartment houses was found to have a significant positive effect on housing satisfaction, and the perceived value of apartment houses played a significant mediating role in the gap between the residential environment factors of apartment houses and housing satisfaction.
5
Kim, Kyoung Woo, Jin Yun Chung, Jun Oh Yeon, and Myung Jun Kim. "Analysis of Floor Impact Sound Propagation around the Adjacent Houses." Applied Mechanics and Materials 752-753 (April 2015): 745–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.752-753.745.
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The floor impact sound is a structure-borne sound that is propagated not only to the apartment directly below but also to various other locations. This study identifies how much floor impact sound, which is perceived as a problem for the whole apartment building rather than a problem for just the upper and lower floors, is propagated to surrounding apartments. Further, this study derives various variables for the cause of noise occurring in the apartment building. The measurement results indicate that most of the energy (38–54%) is propagated to the lower floor, which is an apartment directly underneath, for the noise produced when the floor slab is excited. Furthermore, it is found that the noise is propagated simultaneously to the apartments on the upper floor, as well as to the left and right sides.
6
Bang, Hyun Seok, and Jung Hoon Kim. "Necessity of Classifying Housing Intermediation Remuneration by Type due to Inconsistency in Real Estate Intermediation Activities." Korea Real Estate Institute 33, no. 2 (June 30, 2023): 25–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35136/krer.33.2.2.
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This study aims to identify the current status and problems of housing brokerage remuneration in the real estate brokerage remuneration system and to determine whether the calculation of housing brokerage remuneration must be classified based on apartments and detached houses. Brokerage remuneration has different upper-limit rates based on factors other than housing, but there is no distinction based on the type of housing in housing brokerage remuneration. Although apartments and detached houses are distinct types of housing, a uniform brokerage fee rate applies to both. Examination of the official Property Register revealed that detached houses with greater individuality require more confirmation and examination than apartment houses. Results of the survey analysis also showed differences in brokerage activities. In particular, the housing brokerage remuneration system was perceived to be centered on apartment houses. Additionally, the results revealed that brokerage fees for apartments and detached houses must be distinguished. The most common response was that if remuneration was classified, brokerage fees for detached houses should be calculated separately for land and buildings.
7
Ju, Yong Beom. "A Study on the Land and Building Component Ratio in the Price Appraisal of Apartment Houses." Korea Real Estate Institute 32, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 53–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.35136/krer.32.2.4.
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The land and building component ratio (LBCR) refers to the distribution of land and building values as a ratio, and the current LBCR of apartment houses has not been reviewed in more than 10 years since 2012, making it unsuitable to use at this time. This study aims to review the distribution method of land and building value and propose a new LBCR for apartment houses. Therefore, three alternative methods of land and building value distribution were determined in this study through theoretical review, and the final LBCR of apartment houses was presented based on empirical analysis and expert opinions. Findings reveal that the land ratio of apartments, townhouses, and multiplex houses increased compared with the LBCR in 2012. Moreover, in the case of townhouses and multiplex houses, the land ratio of Seoul and five metropolitan cities increased significantly.
8
Ko, Jihun, Woochang Kim, Hakjoong Kim, and Nakseok Kim. "Analysis and Improvement of the Fire Incidents in Apartment Houses." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 23, no. 4 (August 31, 2023): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2023.23.4.87.
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In recent years, rapid urbanization and overcrowding have led to the construction of apartment buildings as a means of optimizing land utilization and providing residential facilities. However, among the firefighting facilities installed in these apartments, there is often a lack of automatic sprinklers or fire extinguishing devices in kitchens, particularly in older buildings. This absence of firefighting equipment makes it challenging to extinguish or control fires in their initial stages. To effectively reduce the occurrence of fires in apartment buildings, this study analyzed apartment fire incidents from 2015 to 2021 using the National Fire Data System of the National Fire Service. The analysis revealed that out of a total of 33,807 fires in multi-unit dwellings, 20,236 (59.9%) occurred in apartments. Consequently, there is a need for institutional improvements, as well as increased safety awareness among residents living in apartments and proactive engagement from facility managers.
9
Laela, Sofa, and Galih Rakasiwi. "TANGGUNG JAWAB HUKUM PENGELOLA HUNIAN TERHADAP PENGAWASAN IZIN TINGGAL WARGA NEGARA ASING DI WILAYAH HUNIAN APARTEMEN." IBLAM LAW REVIEW 1, no. 3 (September 30, 2021): 55–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.52249/ilr.v1i3.27.
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Fulfilling the housing needs for foreign nationals in Indonesia is not only limited to houses on the ground but also regular houses such as apartments. In the context of the supervisory function of the presence of foreigners in Indonesia who live in apartments, it is necessary to have the participation of apartment dwelling managers in assisting the government by providing reports on their whereabouts. The problem in this research is how is the legal responsibility of residential managers in reporting the presence of foreigners living in apartment dwellings and what are the legal sanctions for apartment dwelling managers who do not report the presence of foreigners living in apartment dwellings. The problem approach in this study was carried out using a normative and empirical juridical approach. The results of the study stated that the mechanism for managing residence permits for foreign nationals in apartment dwellings was carried out with rules that had been made by the apartment dwelling managers themselves but still had to coordinate with relevant agencies, namely companies where foreigners work and also with the local government, especially the immigration authorities. Meanwhile, regarding the sanctions for apartment dwelling managers who do not report the presence of foreigners living in their apartment dwellings, Article 117 of Law Number 6 of 2011 concerning immigration.
10
Thevaraju, Devi Priya, Zalmiyah Zakaria, Khairul Amin Mohamad Sukri, and Shahreen Kasim. "Vista Angkasa Apartment Management System." International Journal of Advanced Science Computing and Engineering 1, no. 2 (August 30, 2019): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.62527/ijasce.1.2.4.
Full textAbstract:
Vista Angkasa Apartment is one of the oldest apartments in the Bangsar South area, with a total of 8 blocks and consisting of more than 1000 units of houses. Currently, all the transaction related to the maintenance of each apartment is recorded manually. It is very difficult to manage all the data manually and if some information is required urgently then to obtain it also is very difficult. It will not only take a lot of time, but it also increases the chances of errors. Therefore, to solve the issues faced, an apartment management system that allows management staff to view the apartment’s data and tenant’s data as well as maintenance requests, notices and complaints has been developed. It also increases the efficiency and the effectiveness of Vista Angkasa Apartment Management by eliminating the current manual system. Compilation of data can be done easily with just a click of mouse. The methodology that has been applied to develop the system will be Agile with the PHP programming language. The developed system has successfully tested with the real time data at the Vista Angkasa Apartment. Based on the obtained results, the Vista Angkasa Apartment Management System solved the current issues with the management office and tenants.
11
Thevaraju, Devi Priya, and Zalmiyah Zakaria. "Vista Angkasa Apartment Management System." International Journal of Advanced Science Computing and Engineering 1, no. 2 (September 2, 2019): 76–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.30630/ijasce.1.2.4.
Full textAbstract:
Vista Angkasa Apartment is one of the oldest apartments in the Bangsar South area, with a total of 8 blocks and consisting of more than 1000 units of houses. Currently, all the transaction related to the maintenance of each apartment is recorded manually. It is very difficult to manage all the data manually and if some information is required urgently then to obtain it also is very difficult. It will not only take a lot of time, but it also increases the chances of errors. Therefore, to solve the issues faced, an apartment management system that allows management staff to view the apartment’s data and tenant’s data as well as maintenance requests, notices and complaints has been developed. It also increases the efficiency and the effectiveness of Vista Angkasa Apartment Management by eliminating the current manual system. Compilation of data can be done easily with just a click of mouse. The methodology that has been applied to develop the system will be Agile with the PHP programming language. The developed system has successfully tested with the real time data at the Vista Angkasa Apartment. Based on the obtained results, the Vista Angkasa Apartment Management System solved the current issues with the management office and tenants.
12
Kresnowati, Anggari. "Sale-Based vs Leased Based Contracts in House Financing Default." Global Review of Islamic Economics and Business 10, no. 2 (March 27, 2023): 001–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/grieb.2022.102-01.
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This study examines the relationship between FTV and house financing default, as well as the short and long-term effects on housing and apartment defaults. It also examines the extent to which Islamic banks implement suitable contracts for housing and apartment defaults, whether sale-based or lease-based. The data used in this paper is monthly time series data from 2015 to 2021. The finding of this study shows that the FTV policy in small houses and apartments (22-70 m2) positively significantly influences the house financing default in sale-based and lease-based contracts in both short and long-term periods. Moreover, the FTV policy in leased-based contracts has a significant influence on the house financing default in a big house (>70 m2) in a short-term period.
13
Solodilova, Lyubov. "Rental houses: History and contemporaneity." проект байкал, no. 70 (December 17, 2021): 150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.51461/projectbaikal.70.1905.
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The topic of housing efficiency has always been among the priorities since the emergence of rental houses. However, in today's Russia, a multi-apartment residential building with collective forms of property is widely spread, which is a low-efficiency housing facility and definitely needs infrastructural improvement within the framework of the public-private entrepreneurship. The basis for this is the efforts of government agencies, which more and more often enter the rental housing market, creating competition for the shadow sector of rented apartments.
14
Xiong, Tian Yu, Xiu Zhang Fu, and Jian Dong. "Simulation Analysis of Building Energy Consumption with Different Surface-Volume-Ratio and Envelop Performance of Rural Dwellings." Advanced Materials Research 953-954 (June 2014): 1578–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.953-954.1578.
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Rural dwellings have a big difference in the appearance and envelope. Living form is changing a lot from detached house to the apartment in multi-story apartments. These changes affect building’s energy consumption consisting of heating and cooling. This paper focuses on the impact of the energy consumption affected by different surface volume ratios, simulation analysis showed a general argument of the difference. And for the same house type, this paper also compares the energy-saving effect of different envelop performances, Specific contents are the heat transfer coefficient and shading ways. Simulation results identified that SVR has influence on different types of houses, the energy consumption of row houses can be saved more than 30% compared with detached houses. Envelope performance also affects energy consumption and the national standard is recommended for the energy saving and the comfort.
15
Абдразаков, Ф., Fyarid Abdrazakov, А. Поваров, and Andrey Povarov. "RESEARCH EFFICIENCY OF NATURAL VENTILATION SYSTEM OF APARTMENT BUILDING." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 4, no. 7 (July 21, 2019): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/article_5d35d0b78284d1.97759530.
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The analysis of existing research in the field of ventilation systems is performed and the current shortcomings of the ventilation systems of secondary apartment houses of series 114–85 are identified. The instability of the natural ventilation system of an apartment building characterized by variable air exchange and overturning ventilation in the ventilation ducts is demonstrated. Field studies of the natural ventilation system efficiency of an apartment house series 114–85 located in Saratov are carried out. According to the research results, the absence of traction and the presence of reverse traction in the exhaust ducts of the ventilation system are revealed. The initial reason for the lack of normal traction in the ventilation system associated with its calculation in the project of building a house series 114-85 for open mode operation is stablished. The increased tightness of windows and doors of apartments is determined, resulting in a reversed traction and the impossibility of uniform distribution of air vertically of the house, therefore installing only the exhaust system of the natural ventilation of an apartment building is inefficient. It is established that the ventilation channel in the kitchen is constantly working to extract air from the premises of the apartments, since the bathroom door is tightly closed that does not correspond to the normative indicators. The analysis of ventilation system on the example of three-bedroom apartments shows the need for additional supply devices for controlled flow of outside air into the premises of apartments. The use of supply wall valves of KIV-125 brand and window ventilation valves of Air Box Comfort brand is provided. A methodology of selection the modern, highly efficient energy saving models of turbo ventilators is presented, increasing traction in exhaust ventilation ducts at 40 % and independent of direction and wind gusts.
16
Jung, Hae Kwon, Ki Hyung Yu, and Young Sun Jeong. "Energy Performance Analysis on the Design Conditions of High-Rise Apartment Houses in South Korea." Advanced Materials Research 1025-1026 (September 2014): 1099–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1025-1026.1099.
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Aapartment houses account for more than 60% of the total of residential buildings to be built in South Korea. In particular, a high-rise apartment house with 21 floors or more has steadily increased in densely populated areas. The heating and cooling energy demand of the apartment house is greatly affected by the shape and the thermal insulation of its building envelope. In addition to its functional efficiency, the shape of building envelope in a high-rise apartment house is considered to be an important factor for the urban landscape with diverse construction methods and materials. In this study, we analyzed the heating and cooling energy demand depending on the effective heat capacity of building structure and the installation position of thermal insulation materials as the design conditions of high-rise apartment houses. This study used the ECO2 energy analysis program for the building energy efficiency grading certification system in South Korea.
17
Solodilova, L. A. "Social Housing in Russia: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 988, no. 5 (February 1, 2022): 052038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/988/5/052038.
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Abstract The main type of housing construction in modern Russia is an apartment building (MKD) with combined types of property: commercial and municipal (state). The current situation is a direct reflection of the inexpressive architectural appearance of mass residential development. Municipal apartments of the state form of ownership, which are part of the MKD, can and should be allocated to a separate class of social housing with subsequent architectural and spatial development and taking into account new effective forms of private rental entrepreneurship and management. The reason for this are the intensive efforts of state structures, which are increasingly entering the rental housing market, creating competition for the shadow sector of rented apartments by the so-called private “rentiers.” In this regard, two main directions for the development of social houses of private-state entrepreneurship were identified: rental apartment buildings of a commercial type and municipal houses of a non-commercial type. The development of social houses of private-state entrepreneurship will take into account the socio-economic needs of society and will make the architecture of residential development more diverse.
18
Lim, Suk-Nye. "A Study on the Management System of Residential and Commercial Buildings." Korean Public Land Law Association 102 (May 31, 2023): 195–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.30933/kpllr.2023.102.195.
Full textAbstract:
A residential and commercial complex, which is a collective building, is a building built in a commercial or semi-residential area, and means a building in which houses and shopping malls are combined in the same building. As the number of residential and commercial complex apartments with complex uses increased, there was a problem of conflicting management methods for the housing and commercial areas. Apartment houses are classified according to the purpose of the ｢Building Act｣, and collective buildings are concepts based on whether buildings are classified or owned. Apartment houses such as apartments are subject to classified ownership, so they are collective buildings. On the other hand, collective buildings are a wider concept than apartment houses because they include not only apartment houses but also business facilities and neighborhood living facilities. In most residential and commercial apartments, shopping malls and apartments are created in a mixture, so uniform building management is required to reasonably adjust conflicts of interests of many people, including management costs. In order to solve the problem of multi-purpose residential and commercial apartments due to the dual management system, integrated management is needed along with a plan to unify the dual laws of the Apartment Housing Management Act and the Collective Building Act. Management regulations, such as standard management rules, should be prepared for rational management of cases where joint management is required. Therefore, it is necessary to allow an integrated management team consisting of housing owners, shopping mall owners, and users to manage residential and commercial buildings in accordance with the Collective Building Act, rather than a Therefore, it is necessary to allow an integrated management team consisting of housing owners, shopping mall owners, and users to manage residential and commercial buildings in accordance with the Collective Building Act, rather than a dual management system under the Apartment Management Act. In addition, administrative support for the establishment of the management group of residential and commercial buildings and some public part management groups should be expanded. Depending on the region, the management groups and autonomous committees of the residential and commercial areas consult with each other to provide regulations on joint management in the management rules. dual management system under the Apartment Management Act. However, there are no specific regulations on administrative expenditure, administrative expenditure, and administrative imposition rate, so the legality of integrated management may be controversial due to distrust or dissatisfaction with integrated management. Local governments have departments or agencies responsible for supporting collective building management. However, most areas except for the Seoul metropolitan area, such as Seoul and Gyeonggi-do, are mainly passive in complaints and mediation of disputes related to buildings. Most of the problems with some public parts management organizations are cases of arguing over the legality of the establishment of some public parts management organizations. The management team and some common part management teams are organized after approval for use of the building or at the beginning of occupancy. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare management regulations such as standard management rules that are the basis of integrated management or joint management. The management of the common part of the collective building is so important that it takes up most of the management team's work. If the distinction is not clear, it is subject to disputes and legal disputes, so the scope and standards of the common parts used by owners of residential and commercial areas must be established. Regulations shall be established to appoint and appoint managers with expertise, such as housing managers and building managers,
19
Lim, Suk-Nye. "A Study on the Management System of Residential and Commercial Buildings." Korean Public Land Law Association 102 (May 31, 2023): 195–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.30933/kpllr.2023.102.195.
Full textAbstract:
A residential and commercial complex, which is a collective building, is a building built in a commercial or semi-residential area, and means a building in which houses and shopping malls are combined in the same building. As the number of residential and commercial complex apartments with complex uses increased, there was a problem of conflicting management methods for the housing and commercial areas. Apartment houses are classified according to the purpose of the ｢Building Act｣, and collective buildings are concepts based on whether buildings are classified or owned. Apartment houses such as apartments are subject to classified ownership, so they are collective buildings. On the other hand, collective buildings are a wider concept than apartment houses because they include not only apartment houses but also business facilities and neighborhood living facilities. In most residential and commercial apartments, shopping malls and apartments are created in a mixture, so uniform building management is required to reasonably adjust conflicts of interests of many people, including management costs. In order to solve the problem of multi-purpose residential and commercial apartments due to the dual management system, integrated management is needed along with a plan to unify the dual laws of the Apartment Housing Management Act and the Collective Building Act. Management regulations, such as standard management rules, should be prepared for rational management of cases where joint management is required. Therefore, it is necessary to allow an integrated management team consisting of housing owners, shopping mall owners, and users to manage residential and commercial buildings in accordance with the Collective Building Act, rather than a Therefore, it is necessary to allow an integrated management team consisting of housing owners, shopping mall owners, and users to manage residential and commercial buildings in accordance with the Collective Building Act, rather than a dual management system under the Apartment Management Act. In addition, administrative support for the establishment of the management group of residential and commercial buildings and some public part management groups should be expanded. Depending on the region, the management groups and autonomous committees of the residential and commercial areas consult with each other to provide regulations on joint management in the management rules. dual management system under the Apartment Management Act. However, there are no specific regulations on administrative expenditure, administrative expenditure, and administrative imposition rate, so the legality of integrated management may be controversial due to distrust or dissatisfaction with integrated management. Local governments have departments or agencies responsible for supporting collective building management. However, most areas except for the Seoul metropolitan area, such as Seoul and Gyeonggi-do, are mainly passive in complaints and mediation of disputes related to buildings. Most of the problems with some public parts management organizations are cases of arguing over the legality of the establishment of some public parts management organizations. The management team and some common part management teams are organized after approval for use of the building or at the beginning of occupancy. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare management regulations such as standard management rules that are the basis of integrated management or joint management. The management of the common part of the collective building is so important that it takes up most of the management team's work. If the distinction is not clear, it is subject to disputes and legal disputes, so the scope and standards of the common parts used by owners of residential and commercial areas must be established. Regulations shall be established to appoint and appoint managers with expertise, such as housing managers and building managers,
20
Suh, Dong Woo, and Yun Kyung Oh. "A Study on the Characteristics of Housing Purchase Burden using House Affordability Index." Residential Environment Institute Of Korea 21, no. 1 (March 30, 2023): 153–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22313/reik.2023.21.1.153.
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This study has analyzed the characteristics of housing purchase burden by housing type in Busan, using house affordability index(HAI). This study's time scope is from January 2012 to December 2021, and the spatial scope selected four metropolitan areas: Busan, Ulsan, Seoul, Incheon. The research method and empirical analysis results are as follows.
First, after calculating HAI among three housing types (apartment, multi-family house, and single-family house), this study conducted a one-way ANOVA to compare the results at the level of metropolitan areas. The results showed that the purchase burden of apartments was in the order of Seoul, Busan, Incheon, and Ulsan, whereas that of multi-family houses was in the order of Seoul, Busan, Ulsan, and Incheon. Finally, the purchase burden of single-family houses was in the order of Seoul, Ulsan, Busan, and Incheon.
Second, spatial autocorrelation analysis was conducted using Busan’s HAI data for all housing types in 2021. The test results from Moran's I showed that HAI of apartments and single-family houses had similar spatial autocorrelation level compared with those of surrounding area, whereas HAI and PIR of multi-family houses showed contrasting spatial autocorrelation level with those of surrounding area.
Third, the results of LISA showed that Dongnae-gu and Suyeong-gu were the H-H areas (Hot Spot) for apartments. In contrast, Seo-gu and Dong-gu were the L-L areas (Cold Spot) for multi-family houses. For single-family houses, Jung-gu, Seo-gu, and Dong-gu were the L-L area, whereas Dongnae-gu, Haewoondae-gu, Yeonje-gu, and Suyeong-gu were the H-H area.
21
Mun, Junghyon, Jongik Lee, and Minsung Kim. "Estimation of Infiltration Rate (ACH Natural) Using Blower Door Test and Simulation." Energies 14, no. 4 (February 9, 2021): 912. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14040912.
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One of the primary factors for generating heating and cooling loads in apartment houses is infiltration. However, the evaluation method for infiltration rates has not been well established for the apartment houses in Korea. The existing method measures air change per hour of a house at 50 Pa (ACH50) and divides it by the leakage–infiltration ratio, N = 20, as suggested by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBL). In this study, a method to evaluate the average infiltration rate of an apartment house using blower door tests and simulations is suggested. Six sets of blower door tests were conducted, and the measurement data were used to estimate the flow coefficients and pressure exponents of all infiltration routes. The values were used as the input data for EnergyPlus to calculate the natural air change per hour values (ACHn) of two households. The calculated ACHn values were compared to the ACHn values calculated using the LBL method, which is commonly used in Korea. Through this process, the limitations of applying the LBL method to calculate the ACHn values in Korea were investigated. The results show that investigating the proper leakage–infiltration ratio is required for Korea. The method suggested in this study can be used to determine the proper leakage–infiltration ratio for apartment houses.
22
Yang, Geon Pil, and Hae Jung Chun. "Analysis of the Relationship between Housing Prices and Regional Characteristics Using Machine Learning and XAI." Korea Real Estate Institute 32, no. 3 (September 30, 2022): 7–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.35136/krer.32.3.1.
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This study aims to explain the relationship between variables that were not explained in the existing machine learning methodology by interpreting the relationship between apartment prices and regional characteristic variables using the XAI methodology. Furthermore, the study's goal is to collect various regional variables (population, occupation, income/consumption) in the basic area unit (postcode unit) that could not be addressed in previous domestic studies due to data collection difficulties. In terms of the independent variable, a dataset was created for each facility, population, occupation, income/consumption, and the dependent variable. The relationship between independent and dependent variables was inferred using a random forest among XGBoost and Bagging models and SHAP models among XAI methodologies on the constructed dataset. The spatial scope of the analysis was determined by dividing Seoul Metropolitan Government into national basic zone units, the content range was apartment among houses, and the period was empirically analyzed in 2021. Results reveal that the proportion of high income, the proportion of rental income, and the number of apartments positively affect apartment prices, whereas the proportion of low income, bus stop, and the number of multi-family houses negatively affect apartment prices.
23
Oh, Yeon-Jae. "Exploring the Potential of Metaverse Platforms in Real Estate Transactions." International Journal on Recent and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication 11, no. 9 (October 30, 2023): 782–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17762/ijritcc.v11i9.8966.
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COVID-19 has posed significant challenges to face-to-face sales of apartments and requires innovative solutions. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes a model of a metaverse apartment sales promotion system. The proposed system utilizes the Zep metaverse platform to provide customers with virtual model houses and comprehensive real estate information. It provides various views, including satellite maps and 360° video, allowing customers to remotely explore the location of their apartments. Customers can explore the interior of the apartment via avatar, access 2D drawings and immersive 360° 3D videos. In addition, detailed sales conditions can be conveniently checked through a YouTube link, and customer convenience has been enhanced through online consultation with a sales agent. The proposed system aims to enhance the apartment buying and selling process by providing an immersive and convenient metaverse experience.
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MIZUNUMA, YOSHIKO. "ON KASHIWABA APARTMENT HOUSE, NAKAMURACHO SECOND APARTMENT HOUSE AND OKINAMACMI APARTMENT HOUSE : Study on Yokohama municipal apartment houses before the Kanto earthquake of 1923." Journal of Architecture, Planning and Environmental Engineering (Transactions of AIJ) 376 (1987): 150–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3130/aijax.376.0_150.
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Park, Jae Sung. "A Study on Human Characteristics of the Dead of Apartment House Fires." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 20, no. 4 (August 31, 2020): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2020.20.4.95.
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Apartment houses account for majority of Korean houses in terms of housing types. Apartment houses have the second largest number of fire accidents, after detached houses, causing loss of human lives. To reduce the damage to human lives caused by fires in apartment houses, it is important to analyze fundamental relations of death between fire, human, space, and human characteristics, and thereby identify improvement factors. Therefore, this study conducted a factor based cross analysis on human characteristics of the people who died due to fires in apartment houses over the last five years by considering the cause of death, action at the time of death, degree of burns, age, and time of fire occurrence as main factors. Regarding gender, the death rate for women was about 15% higher than that of men. Considering age, most of the fatalities were found in the age groups of 40 to 59 and over 70 years. With regard to the cause of death, the number of deaths caused by burns was higher for men than for women. Therefore, there were main causal relations and differential characteristics in terms of human characteristics of the victims of apartment houses fire.
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Ruus, Aime. "Revitalization of wooden apartments as a tool to deal with shrinkage – case study from Valga." Journal of Sustainable Architecture and Civil Engineering 25, no. 2 (July 9, 2019): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5755/j01.sace.25.2.22074.
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Valga is a small shrinking town in South Estonia. The study focuses on the possibilities of solving the problems connected with apartment houses by using the disposition of apartments and improving energy efficiency to meet the contemporary standards of living space and getting buildings in public possession.
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CHO, MIN SANG. "A Study on Disaster Management by Strengthening the Capacity of Private Security Guards: Focused on Apartment houses." Korean Society of Private Security 21, no. 4 (October 31, 2022): 121–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.56603/jksps.2022.21.4.121.
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This study approached the role of private security guards from the perspective of disaster management, and discussed new areas of operation and ways to strengthen capabilities related to community safety. In terms of the location of apartment houses, the field of activities of private security guards and their role in disaster management were mainly discussed. In order to examine the role of private security guards in apartment houses, I tried to review the relevant laws and analyze the current situation, and derived the main points. First, various laws and regulations exist regarding the activities of private security guards. Second, it was confirmed that the concentrated activities were restricted because private security guards were stipulated to take charge of tasks other than security. Third, the active age of private security guards is widely distributed among the elderly and elderly. The following are suggestions that can contribute to disaster management activities in apartment houses by strengthening the capabilities of private security guards. First, apartment houses must set up their own security tasks. Second, professional education is required for safety management and situational command for the management subject of the apartment house. Third, the capacity of the management entity should be prepared so that it is possible to cope with and command dangerous situations including disasters. Fourth, subjects in the field of safety and disaster management should be added to the curriculum of private security guards and security instructors. Fifth, a rapid dissemination system for risk factors should be established.
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Gončarovs, Mihails, and Ineta Geipele. "Qualification of the Residential House Administrator in the Sustainable Housing Conservation Context." Baltic Journal of Real Estate Economics and Construction Management 11, no. 1 (January 1, 2023): 315–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjreecm-2023-0020.
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Abstract Administration of residential houses, in accordance with legal regulations, is a complex process that includes different important functions. Such functions encompass performing regular maintenance, sanitary cleaning and required repairs, as well as thorough planning and organisation, strict documentation and monitoring. Moreover, administration of residential houses includes communication with residents and cooperation with public institutions to ensure protection of rights and interests of apartment owners. Professional administration of residential houses requires a complex, responsible and very specific approach, covering a wide range of complex works. Housing stock administration is a thoroughly elaborated process with specific schedules and goals. It covers not only maintenance of engineering works and the building, but also administration of the surrounding territory and common-use premises. Moreover, it covers a precise administration process and efficient communication with residents of the building, and solution of routine administrative cases. An administration contract with a specialist in this field is not just a means but a tool by using which owners of a residential house, i.e., apartment owners, fulfil the obligations stipulated by law with regards to efficient administration of the residential house. Choosing the right administrator is important for the owner because it determines the sustainable conservation cycle of the building. A person is eligible to perform administration tasks in a multi-apartment residential house, when having obtained the required professional education in administration of residential houses.
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Orchakova, Larisa Gennadievna, and Roman Imranovich Ilmiev. "The role of boarding houses in the urban housing system funds of Moscow at the turn of the XIX–XX centuries." Исторический журнал: научные исследования, no. 4 (April 2024): 68–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2454-0609.2024.4.71172.
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The subject of this study is apartment buildings in Moscow during the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, and their significance in the context of the urbanization and industrialization of the city. The research aims to investigate the architectural features, functional characteristics, and socio-economic impact of these apartment buildings on the urban landscape. Special attention is paid to the quantitative and qualitative growth of these structures, as well as their contribution to addressing the issue of housing shortages in light of rapid urban population expansion. The focus of the study is on apartment buildings in Moscow during this period. The article examines specific examples of these buildings, their architectural design, construction stages, ownership, and occupancy. Attention is given to analyzing how these buildings were integrated into the city's infrastructure and influenced Moscow's appearance. The research employs diachronic, statistical, and chronological methods. The novelty of this study lies in its exploration of the previously understudied history of apartment houses in Moscow from a financial, economic, and social perspective. Apartment buildings played a significant role in Moscow's urban life. On the one hand, they provided housing for different segments of the population, making housing more accessible and helping to solve the problem of housing shortages. It was common to rent a room or apartment. On the other hand, apartment buildings became not only a social, but also an economic phenomenon. They were attractive for investing capital and contributed to their proliferation. The success of constructing such buildings led to the formation of joint-stock companies that focused on building apartments. These companies invested in real estate projects, expecting to generate significant profits from renting out apartments. The emergence of these companies indicates that the residential real estate market was a lucrative business.
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Choi, Youngyae, Hanbit Choi, and Donmook Choi. "Comparative Study of the Fire Supervision Arrangements in Apartment Houses." Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation 24, no. 2 (April 30, 2024): 41–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2024.24.2.41.
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Based on the changes in the shapes of apartment houses over the past decade, as the number of single-person households has increased, the protection of ultra-small and small apartments has increased. The current general supervision of firefighting is based on the number of floors and total floor area. Hence, the scale of supervision is excessive, and additional arrangement standards for auxiliary supervisors are stipulated based on the total floor area, rendering the current general supervision of firefighting unsuitable for the changes in the shapes of apartment houses. Therefore, the target of general supervision should be set at <300 households, and the maximum number of deployments should be reduced to three. Additionally, standards should be set to deploy auxiliary supervisors as the number of households increases, such that fire safety and quality can be secured via practical system improvement.
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Syed, Moiz Masood, Gregory M. Morrison, and James Darbyshire. "Shared Solar and Battery Storage Configuration Effectiveness for Reducing the Grid Reliance of Apartment Complexes." Energies 13, no. 18 (September 15, 2020): 4820. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13184820.
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More than 2 million houses in Australia have installed solar photovoltaic (PV) systems; however, apartment buildings have adopted a low percentage of solar PV and battery storage installations. Given that grid usage reduction through PV and battery storage is a primary objective in most residential buildings, apartments have not yet fully benefited from installations of such systems. This research presents shared microgrid configurations for three apartment buildings with PV and battery storage and evaluates the reduction in grid electricity usage by analyzing self-sufficiency. The results reveal that the three studied sites at White Gum Valley achieved an overall self-sufficiency of more than 60%. Owing to the infancy of the shared solar and battery storage market for apartment complexes and lack of available data, this study fills the research gap by presenting preliminary quantitative findings from implementation in apartment buildings.
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Alchimovienė, Jurgita, Andrius Stasiukynas, and Neringa Gudienė. "THE ANALYSIS OF THE STATE OF MULTI-APARTMENT RESIDENTIAL HOUSES / DAUGIABUČIŲ GYVENAMŲJŲ NAMŲ BŪKLĖS ANALIZĖ." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 3, no. 2 (June 7, 2011): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2011.025.
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The most of multi-apartment residential houses in Lithuania were built before 1993. Most of these houses are uneconomical, unecological and consume a significant amount of heat energy. Such multi-apartment houses need to be modernized, and, therefore, it is important to examine and analyse their state. This paper discusses the state of structural elements of multi-apartment houses, their deterioration level, heat energy losses, as well as the problems of microclimate in the premises, layout and living environment. Modernization of buildings is effective only when the state of buildings is carefully analysed and the most suitable renovation method or scenario is selected.
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Akinjare, Omolade Adedoyin, Victoria Adeola Akinjare, Caleb Abiodun Ayedun, Afolasade Olubunmi Oluwatobi, and Matilder Nomteik Alexander. "Property Value Pertinence for Residential Investments in Christian Mission Estates: An Investigation of Canaan-city of Ogun State, Nigeria." Journal of Civil Engineering and Urbanism 12 (December 25, 2022): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.54203/jceu.2022.9.
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The rapid expansion and urbanization of Lagos state of Nigeria due to uncontrolled rural - urban migration seems to have succeeded in transforming the peri-urban areas of Ota, Ogun state into a mini economic hub, thus propelling property values skywards. The present study ascertains if passing rents, as well as sales value for the various apartments in Canaan city estate as charged by the project developer, is overpriced, and underpriced or fair-priced. The rental data collected from the residents of the estate were compared with rental opinion obtained from practicing estate surveyors and valuers in Ogun State. 240 questionnaires were administered to residents of the estate while 22 questionnaires were administered to registered estate surveying and valuation firms. Interviews and questionnaires were deployed to solicit data from the Physical Planning Department (PPD) being the managers of the estate. The retrieved data were then collated and presented using figures and Tables. Findings showed that the passing rents for all cadres of residential apartments in the estate were discounted with the most discounted apartment type being the 2-bedroom luxury flats and the least discounted apartment type being the 4-bedroom semi-detached houses. For sales value, findings showed that the high end apartments – the detached houses, semi-detached and also the 3-bedroom terrace houses were hugely discounted. Unfortunately, the 1-bedroom and 2-bedroom flats were the least discounted while the 2-bedroom luxury flats and 3-bedroom flats were either within range or slightly overpriced. The study concluded that the passing rents were underpriced due to the income nature of tenants and subsequently, the sales value proposed by the developer of the estate was underpriced. The study recommended an upward review of sales prices should the estate proprietor still continue with the sales of its apartment within Canaan city.
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Kobzan, S. "RESEARCH OF THE MARKET OF MINI APARTMENT." Municipal economy of cities 4, no. 157 (September 25, 2020): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2020-4-157-79-85.
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The purpose of the article is to investigate the development of a new segment of the real estate market in urban development projects. The definition of a mini apartment - the gostinka. The analysis of the world market of mini-apartments is carried out. There are questions of living of different social groups in society in mini-apartments. A classification of mini-apartments has been developed. Factors significantly affect the cost of a mini-apartment. Conclusions are made about the future market of mini-apartments in the city economy The development of the market of mini-apartments can be considered as a new social phenomenon. Many social groups have access to the purchase of a mini-apartment. The residential real estate market is in a difficult stage now. The economic crisis has had a strong impact on stakeholders. The market of mini-apartments in Ukraine is a new and currently unexplored social phenomenon. The market of mini-apartments is of great importance for urban development and has high uncertainty in further development. Therefore, the development of the market of mini-apartments poses many problems for urban development in the future Today in Ukraine in the real estate market of Kharkiv increased activity in such a segment of real estate as mini-apartments. The results of the research show that the cost range of 1 sq.m. for such objects is very large and ranges from 300 to 1000 US dollars. Which is 2 times lower than the average market prices for typical apartments. Let's analyze the primary and secondary markets of mini-apartments. The houses in which the mini-apartments are located can be characterized. Mini-apartments in reconstructed houses are of great interest to stakeholders. Here they are much lower than their cost. Mini-apartments are now actively bought by the following social groups and categories of people. Mini-apartments in reconstructed houses are of great interest to stakeholders. Here they are much lower than their cost. The classification of mini-apartments was carried out according to the parameters that significantly affect the prices in the studied segment. They can increase or decrease the market value of such real estate. The price is significantly affected by such a parameter as the ratio of total and living space. The author proposes factors that affect the cost of mini-apartments. Thus, in Ukraine, the market of mini-apartments (hotels) arose and developed due to the unstable economic situation, the devaluation of the hryvnia and declining incomes. Today, renting apartments is expensive, so mini-apartments are the best option for affordable housing. Many people buy mini-apartments as temporary housing. This segment of real estate has a fairly high profitability for investors. The cost of 1 sq m of mini apartments depends on the investment attractiveness of the regional center. Market research and excellent characteristics of mini-apartments. In large cities of Ukraine, especially in Kyiv and Kharkiv, the number of mini-apartments under construction is growing. The analysis of the market showed that such apartments are in demand among stakeholders today. Factors increasing demand for mini-apartments. Conclusions. 1. The researched market of small-sized housing can be considered as a new social phenomenon in large cities of Ukraine. The question of a new segment of the real estate market in urban development projects is highly relevant 2. In Ukraine, the market of mini-apartments (hotels) has emerged and is developing due to the unstable economic situation, the devaluation of the hryvnia and declining incomes. The cost of 1 square meter of mini-apartments depends on the investment attractiveness of the regional center. 3. The whole market of mini-apartments (hotels) in large cities of Ukraine is actively developing. In Kharkov, in most cases, buy small apartments for further rent. Keywords: real estate market, mini apartment, gostinka, studio, classification of mini apartments, social groups in society, factors influencing the value, municipal economy.
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Jung, Ki-Seung. "A Study on the Effect on the Refrigeration Cycle by the Distance between the Insect Screen of Discharge Opening and the Outdoor Unit in an Apartment House." Korea Industrial Technology Convergence Society 28, no. 1 (March 30, 2023): 63–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.29279/jitr.2023.28.1.63.
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Since the establishment of the new rules for mandatory indoor installation of air conditioning outdoor units for apartment houses, a safe working environment for their installation and maintenance has been secured in Korea. However, in some apartments and high-rise buildings, low cooling performance and excess energy cost by air conditioners have been reported; these were not expected in the numerical analysis at the design stage. This study focuses on the obstruction to the discharge airflow owing to the insect screen installed on the opening of the outdoor unit room; this was overlooked in previous studies. The effect on the refrigeration cycle owing to the insect screen was analyzed by measuring the condensation parameters of the operating air conditioner installed in a real apartment house. By this research, improvements in the building design and HVAC equipment installation method were intended from a practical perspective.
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Lai, Yonghang, Ian A. Ridley, and Peter Brimblecombe. "Air Change in Low and High-Rise Apartments." Urban Science 4, no. 2 (May 13, 2020): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci4020025.
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Air exchange in tall apartment buildings is critical in controlling indoor environments in urban settings. Airtightness is relevant to energy efficiency, thermal comfort and air quality experienced by urban dwellers who spend much of their time indoors. While many air change measurements have been made in residential homes, fewer are available for high-rise apartments. The blower-door and CO2 exchange methods were used to measure air change in some Hong Kong apartment buildings, for comparison with those from other parts of the world. Hong Kong apartments are often small and typical rented apartments show a median of seven air changes per hour under a 50 Pa pressure difference, similar to Mediterranean houses, though much greater than the airtight buildings of Northern Europe. Extrapolation of blower-door measurements made at 50 Pa to the natural pressure difference measured for individual Hong Kong apartments provides an approximation (within 8%) of the natural air change rate measured with a tracer. Air flow is a function of the pressure difference ∆Pnf and the exponent n was found close to the typical 0.6. There was a positive relationship between air permeability and construction age, but some of this also seems to reflect varying levels of maintenance by the building management companies. The median exchange in the apartments under naturally ventilated conditions was 0.26 h−1, not atypical of some houses on the US West Coast.
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Konior, J. "Technical Assessment of Old Buildings by Fuzzy Approach." Archives of Civil Engineering 65, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 130–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ace-2019-0009.
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AbstractA group of old apartment houses with the age over 100 years (that is those carried out before the First World War) takes an important place in polish building resources. Technical maintenance of apartment houses, traditional methods erected, is nowadays and will be a valid problem in the nearest future. The results of the work refer to the general population, estimated for 600 objects, that is about 20% of municipal downtown apartment houses in Wrocław.The purpose of the research was to identify an influence of widely considered maintenance of apartment houses on a degree and intensity of their elements’ deterioration. The goal of the work has been fulfilled by symptoms’ analysis of declining of inspected elements’ exploitation values, that is identification of mechanics of their defects arising.The range of the work has required creation of original qualitative model of pinpointed defects and its transfer into quantitative one. It has made possible to analyse the reason - effect phenomena „defect - technical wear” relevant to the most important elements of Wroclaw downtown district’s apartment houses. The research procedure has been conducted in accordance of fuzzy sets theory which made possible to describe qualitative model of pinpointed defects and its transfer into a quantitative one.
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Azatyan, Karen Rubenovich. "RESIDENTIAL ARCHITECTURE OF YEREVAN IN THE 20TH CENTURY. IDENTIFICATION OF THE MAIN STAGES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PLANNING STRUCTURE OF A DWELLING UNIT." Vestnik MGSU, no. 5 (May 2016): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2016.5.18-27.
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The article discusses some features of planning solutions of apartments in the architecture of Yerevan, which are typical to different periods, since the turn of 19-20th centuries to the present day. Housing is the chief determinant of human activity. In the process of societal development the house is the foundation of a family, and the family, on its turn, is the key to the stable state. Nevertheless, the time influences the residential architecture. Societal progress periodically affects the living environment. Therefore, housing formation process never reaches the stage of completion: it is always in an endless process of development. The above mentioned primarily concerns the evolution of the planning structure of the apartment. In this context, the dynamics of evolution of housing in Yerevan has accelerated in the second half of the 19th century. The centuries-generated space-planning system of apartment begins to develop in accordance with the rapid changes of social, urban planning and life processes of the time (extension of industry, formation of new socio-economic relations, rapid growth of population, acceleration of construction processes). The impetuous transformation of the dwelling structure is reflected in the complex process of evolution - starting from the traditional houses and ending with the apartments in high-rise buildings. The research of the problems of the traditional dwelling structure, its transformation in the first apartment buildings and diverse improvements of apartment planning solutions contributes to the definition of the main development stages of the dwelling units during the last century, which are observed in the article. Identification of the characteristics of each stage and the multilateral evaluation of different qualities of spatial-planning arrangement of apartments allow working out proper solutions for dwelling units in the future.
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Monastyrev, P. V., A. M. Makarov, A. S. Chekh, and O. I. Kutsenko. "Instrumental Method for Determining Energy Efficiency Indicators of Apartment Residential Houses." Proceedings of the Southwest State University 24, no. 4 (February 4, 2021): 42–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-1560-2020-24-4-42-56.
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Purpose of research. The identified inconsistencies with energy-saving standards are usually considered as a set of individual elements. Improvement of the entire system (walls, windows, floor structures, coatings) helps to reduce external heat loss, which, on the whole, leads to heat energy saving in the object under study. The method that considers the element component of a building has some disadvantages, since, as a result of calculations, there is a significant error in determining the specific characteristics of heat consumption for heating and ventilation of a building and, hence, in determining the energy efficiency class of a building. This paper discusses the method of instrumental control of indicators. It offers the method of instrumental control of indicators that determine the class of energy efficiency of an apartment house in accordance with the current requirements of regulatory documents and legislative acts. Methods.The proposed method makes it possible to perform an assessment using whole-building metering devices for heat and electricity consumption during a calendar year and a short-term instrumental survey in order to clarify some other parameters necessary for evaluating energy efficiency indicators of apartment residential houses. The paper also suggests an equation for converting the value of the measured average internal air temperature during a short-term survey to the average value of air temperature inside the house during the heating period. Results. The method was tested through the use of a comprehensive instrumental survey of apartment residential houses of standard series 1-447c from the Tambov housing stock. The value of deviation of the actual specific annual heat consumption for heating and ventilation, taking into account the household heat supply of the building in question from the base level (for the given apartment house), is 151•4.8 kWh/m2, which corresponds to the deviation of 13 * 0.1 %. Тhe building under consideration must be assigned an energy efficiency class – F (Low). Conclusion. The given method can be applied by the residents of apartment houses, the employees of state housing inspections and the specialists of organizations conducting energy audits in assessing compliance with regional energy efficiency and consumption targets, for the residential houses and public buildings being commissioned and buildings that are in use when assigning the mentioned buildings energy efficiency class.
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Hassan, Syeda Zainab, Malik Asghar Naeem, Abdul Waheed, and Muhammad Jamaluddin Thaheem. "Assessment of socio-economic profile and residents’ satisfaction living in apartments and single unit houses in Islamabad, Pakistan." International Journal of Strategic Property Management 23, no. 5 (May 7, 2019): 284–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/ijspm.2019.8067.
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Cities in Pakistan, because of rapid pace of urbanization, are unable to provide adequate housing supply to cater to the needs of the people. Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan, has a population of two million with a growth rate of six percent. Construction of apartment buildings, as one of the alternatives to fulfil the housing needs, is on the rise. However, apartments are being designed without considering the needs of the residents. This research focuses on assessment of socio-economic profile and satisfaction of residents of single unit houses vis-à-vis of those living in apartments. Fried and Gleicher’s approach was used in this research. This study analysed the socioeconomic characteristics, level of satisfaction of residents; drivers and barriers that influence the residential satisfaction of residents in two types of residential units in Islamabad. This study finds that residents of both housing types were equally satisfied with housing attributes and surrounding neighborhood while the residents of single unit houses were more satisfied with facilities, maintenance and culture. This study suggests that more focus should be given to factors like open space, basic amenities, privacy while designing an apartment building.
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Kim, Jae-Jong, Mi-Jeong Cho, and Myeong-Hun Lee. "An Analysis of the Price Determinants of Multiplex Houses through Spatial Regression Analysis." Sustainability 14, no. 12 (June 10, 2022): 7116. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14127116.
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This study established a model for price determinants with the combination of the GIS technique and spatial regression model based on the parcel prices of multiplex houses in an effort to integrate and utilize spatial data and choose a suitable model. This study established a spatial weights matrix to apply interrelation with adjacent areas and performed row standardization to specify the effect of adjacent areas. Moran’s I was used for measuring the spatial autocorrelation of the parcel prices of multiplex houses. Through this, the parcel price of multiplex houses was analyzed to have a strong spatial autocorrelation and be related to the jeonse price of an apartment. A lot of multiplex houses are supplied to Seoul. In previous studies, multiplex houses studies were analyzed through simple regression analysis excluding spatial effects, however, in this study, a suitable model was derived through spatial regression analysis. Moreover, the jeonse price of an apartment, which is a representative housing type, was firstly analyzed as a variable added and found whether the jeonse price of apartments would have an effect on the other housing types in the neighborhood. This study also found if the jeonse price of apartments would have an effect on the other housing types in the neighborhood. For creating a sustainable residential environment when redeveloping an aging residential area, there is a need to find various ways for coexistence by identifying the interrelation with the neighboring residential areas rather than simply focusing on the supply amount. In addition to this, it suggests that policies addressing the rise of housing prices should not be limited to a specific area or a specific dwelling and should not overlook the spatial interaction relationship.
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Shin, Dongik, Hyeongmin Ryu, Jeeyeop Kim, and Jinyoung Kim. "Evaluation of Data Extracted from Floor Plans for Apartment Complex Remodeling." Advances in Civil Engineering 2022 (November 8, 2022): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9376886.
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South Korea has witnessed an increasing social demand for housing supply due to rapid urban population growth from the 1950s through the 1970s. At least two million houses have been in use for 30 years or more since the implementation of policies related to the mass production of apartment houses 20–30 years ago. Methods for improving the aging of domestic apartment houses and their living environment are reconstruction and remodeling, and the government has been encouraging remodeling by easing laws and regulations related to it. During the early stages of a typical remodeling project, many candidate floor plans arise in the process of finalizing the floor plan, resulting in significant time consumption in the iterative process for reviews and revisions. Extracting quantitative indicators by comparing floor plans before and after remodeling at the initial design stage and comparing the indicators of the target complex with the existing case can facilitate a more time-efficient and economical decision-making process. In this study, quantitative indicators were extracted from floor plans by applying a structural evaluation program for remodeling of apartment housing at five existing domestic apartment complexes (nine buildings in total), and a detailed comparative analysis was conducted. Evaluated indices included variations of floor area, load-bearing wall, nonbearing wall, slab, weight, area moment of inertia, torsional resistance, and visualization of removed, remaining, and new bearing walls. The proposed method can continuously accumulate data from domestic apartment house remodeling projects and accelerate the process by shortening the time required for final decision-making in future remodeling projects.
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Shin, Hye Kyung, Kyoung Woo Kim, Jun Oh Yeon, and Kwan Seop Yang. "Study on Noise Characteristics of Facility Equipment and Subjective Responses." Applied Mechanics and Materials 851 (August 2016): 359–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.851.359.
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For a house to maintain the standards of a quiet residential environment, it is necessary to reduce not only inter-floor noise delivered from neighboring houses but internal noise sources as well. Currently, noise measures on facility and equipment have been established in apartment houses in South Korea. This study aimed to provide foundational data needed to provide institutional standards on facility noise in apartments. Thus, this study analyzed noise level and acoustical parameters (loudness, sharpness, and roughness) with regard to noises from hoods and boilers in kitchens. This study also studied an annoyance rating, which was a subjective response to the noise, using 36 subjects. It also quantified a subjective response by calculating a %HA (percentage of highly annoyed) according to the maximum noise level from a boiler and kitchen hood, and a mean value of annoyance. No significant difference between the two rating scales was found.
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Molchanov, Victor M., Consuelo E. Molchanova, and Evgeniya V. Irmanova. "Architectural and Planning Design Features of High-Quality Housing on the «Club Houses» Example." Materials Science Forum 931 (September 2018): 740–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.931.740.
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In the late 1990s on the market of high-quality real estate in Russia became popular a luxury apartment building called "club house". However, frequently the proposed design solutions do not meet the requirements for the architectural organization of this class dwelling. The aim of the research is to determine the optimal architectural and planning parameters of "club houses", identified on the basis of the analysis of the project implementations experience.The prerequisite for the appearance of such objects was the decision of the Moscow government to ban the construction of multi-storey houses in the historic center of the capital. To build in the center the usual multi-storey houses for the mass consumer was not correct. The solution of this problem was proposed by developers – an elite low-apartment house, built or renovated on an exclusive project in a prestigious landscaped area for a narrow circle of residents belonging to the same social class and having a high material and property level. The new type of housing immediately interested wealthy citizens.
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Lipnevič, Anna. "Daugiabučių namų atnaujinimas Lietuvoje: problemos ir gyventojų iniciatyva." Public Policy and Administration 14, no. 2 (June 19, 2015): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.13165/vpa-15-14-2-02.
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Renovation of apartment houses in the academic literature is identified as one of the most important housing policy areas. This is a complex phenomenon in rapidly aging Lithuanian housing stock conditions. In the scientific literature, the need for modernization of apartment houses is emphasized, but in Lithuania, there is the lack of interdisciplinary studies of this phenomenon. Often, this phenomenon is analyzed in engineering and from an economic point of view, but from a sociological point of view, practically there have been no analyzes. The aim of the article is to reveal the apartment houses renovation policy developments in Lithuania and to highlight the most important problems of renovation.<br />Quantitative research data showed that only a small part of the houses is renovated under the Renovation program. Partial renovation of apartment houses is going on by themselves according to a population initiative. A large proportion of respondents are satisfied with the results, but they listed problems in updating blocks of flats. Without passivity of the population and financial problems, there are other very significant barriers to mass renovation: corruption in government, good construction companies and builders deficiency. Qualitative research results helped to highlight the most important home renovation problems, identify renovation incentives and barriers.
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GENERALOVA, Elena M. "HISTORY OF DEVELOPMENT OF SECTIONAL TYPE MASS HOUSING IN RUSSIA." Urban construction and architecture 8, no. 2 (June 15, 2018): 102–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2018.02.17.
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The history of typological development of apartment houses of sectional type is considered as the most complex, constantly developing housing on the territory of Russia. Particular attention is paid to the search for economical sectional houses with small apartments for further mass construction and experimental design work for the sett lement and their introduction in the pilot demonstration and experimental construction of the 9th and 12th microdistricts of Moscow. The system of stage-by-stage development of mass housing in the territory of Russia is disclosed until the 1990s. and in subsequent periods. It is proposed to single out six main stages in the development of mass housing with the defi nition of characteristic features for each stage. The euphoria of the construction of residential apartments and houses which was observed in the 90’s. has passed and at the present time the seventh stage in the development of residential buildings is being formed but this stage requires its solution and comprehension.
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Shin, Dae Sung, and Chun Won Lee. "A Study on the Promotion of ‘Reconstruction First, Remodeling Later’ in Phase 1st New City Using Remodeling Incentives: Focused on the Bundang new city." Korea Association Of Real Estate Law 26, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 57–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.32989/rel.2022.26.2.57.
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housing prices have risen sharply since the Moon Jae-in administration, and in some areas of Seoul, the average apartment price has reached more than 1 billion won. Accordingly, as a real estate regulatory policy, the government introduced DSR following LTV and DTI, which are one of the financial loan regulation policies, and came up with a policy to suppress the increase in house prices through loan restraints. came up with However, the land that can supply housing on a large scale is limited and it is difficult to find suitable land at present.
Although there is a way to supply new housing through reconstruction and redevelopment, the reconstruction projects of low-rise apartment complexes that are feasible have already reached the completion stage, and the remaining middle and high-rise apartments are turning to multi-unit housing remodeling projects rather than reconstruction due to lack of business feasibility.
However, the target houses of the remodeling project are housing complexes that were built in a way that did not take into account remodeling in the past.
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SONG, JaeIl. "Reflexive essay on the legal managing for collective buildings - focusing on the varied types of buildings -." Korean Institute for Aggregate Buildings Law 42 (May 25, 2022): 218–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.55029/kabl.2022.42.218.
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In this article, I wrote the flow of thought on how to harmonize the management laws of collective buildings according to the various types of collective buildings. Collective buildings include buildings such as apartment houses, shopping malls, large-scale stores, officetels, apartment-type factories, private institutes and hospitals, and mixed-use apartments. Globalization, scale-up, smartization, digitization, and convergence are being actively carried out. In Korea, where the population is larger and the land is smaller than in other countries, such a trend is more pronounced. In line with this trend, the legal system for the management of collective buildings should be followed. Separate design from design and architecture, integrated management from management, and revision of laws were presented as solutions.
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Dania, Al-Yakoob, Zairin Zain, and Valentinus Pebriano. "MICRO-APARTMENT IN PONTIANAK." JMARS: Jurnal Mosaik Arsitektur 9, no. 1 (February 21, 2021): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/jmars.v9i1.45133.
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As the world population, the majority of Indonesian’s town all knows an increase of their population that results in an augmentation of the housing needs. What is called Micro-housing is a new global trend that targets a younger worker part of the population and also a newly married couple that doesn’t have children yet. Indeed, this part of the population is in need to find house or apartment close to their workplace, close to the transportation of the city but also close to all the other town facilities like hospitals, restaurant, stores. This desire of finding a house or apartment in a strategic location known as the center of a town tends to increase but the available spaces to build more houses tend to decrease. That is why one of the solutions to this space problem is micro-housing; this type of new housing will allow responding to this problem of available space. This design project is not only about reducing space, but it is also focus on being able to design and create a layout space that responds to the multiple needs of the tenant by using multiple techniques in the design layout but also using transformable and foldable pieces of furniture.
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Nelson Laska, Melissa, Nicole I. Larson, Dianne Neumark-Sztainer, and Mary Story. "Dietary patterns and home food availability during emerging adulthood: do they differ by living situation?" Public Health Nutrition 13, no. 2 (August 20, 2009): 222–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980009990760.
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AbstractObjectiveThe objective of the present work was to cross-sectionally examine and compare dietary behaviours and home food environments by young adults’ living situation.DesignUsing data from Project EAT (Eating Among Teens)-II, a large diverse youth cohort originally sampled in Minnesota, linear regression was used to examine self-reported meal frequency, dietary intake and home food availability outcomes by living situation (i.e. living with parents, renting an apartment/house or living on a college campus).SubjectsYoung adults (n 1687), mean age 20·5 years.ResultsResults suggested that young adults living with their parents or in rented apartments/houses had less frequent meals, poorer dietary intake and less healthy home food availability compared with those living on campus. These findings were evident even after controlling for sociodemographic factors (e.g. race/ethnicity, socio-economic status), particularly among females.ConclusionsAlthough few emerging adults consume diets that are consistent with national recommendations, those living with parents and in rented apartments/houses may represent particularly at-risk groups. These differences in dietary factors across living situations appear to exist beyond the sociodemographic differences in these populations. Effective nutrition and healthy eating promotion strategies are needed for young adults.