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Journal articles on the topic 'APFD metric'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Mor, Mr Anil. "Evaluate the Effectiveness of Test Suite Prioritization Techniques Using APFD Metric." IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering 16, no. 4 (2014): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/0661-16414751.

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Gupta, Rahul, and Akhilesh Kumar Yadav. "STUDY OF TEST CASE PRIORITIZATION TECHNIQUE USING APFD." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 10, no. 3 (2013): 1475–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v10i3.3277.

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Regression testing is used to ensure that bugs are fixed and new functionality introduce in a new version of a software that don't adversely affect the original functionality inherited from the previous version.Regression testing is one of the most complaining activities of software development and maintenance.Unluckily, It may have feeble resources to allow for the re-execution of all test cases during regression testing. In this situation the use of test case prioritization is profitable because the best appropriate test cases are executed first. In this paper we are proposing an algorithm t

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Wambua, Anthony Wambua, and Geoffrey Mariga Wambugu. "A Comparative Analysis of Bat and Genetic Algorithms for Test Case Prioritization in Regression Testing." International Journal of Intelligent Systems and Applications 15, no. 1 (2023): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5815/ijisa.2023.01.02.

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Regression testing is carried out to ensure that software modifications do not introduce new potential bugs to the existing software. Existing test cases are applied in the testing, such test cases can run into thousands, and there is not much time to execute all of them. Test Case Prioritization (TCP) is a technique to order test cases so that the test cases potentially revealing more faults are performed first. With TCP being deemed an optimization problem, several metaheuristic nature-inspired algorithms such as Bat, Genetic, Ant colony, and Firefly algorithms have been proposed for TCP. Th

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Alsukhni, Emad, Ahmad A. Saifan, and Hanadi Alawneh. "A New Data Mining-Based Framework to Test Case Prioritization Using Software Defect Prediction." International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes 8, no. 1 (2017): 21–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijossp.2017010102.

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Test cases do not have the same importance when used to detect faults in software; therefore, it is more efficient to test the system with the test cases that have the ability to detect the faults. This research proposes a new framework that combines data mining techniques to prioritize the test cases. It enhances fault prediction and detection using two different techniques: 1) the data mining regression classifier that depends on software metrics to predict defective modules, and 2) the k-means clustering technique that is used to select and prioritize test cases to identify the fault early.

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Hema Shankari, K., and R. Thirumalai Selvi. "Methodology for regression testing with open source tool." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 1.1 (2017): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i1.1.9212.

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The paper describes our methodology for optimizing regression testing that forms a major part of software maintenance. It necessitates the use of an automated testing tool, and we have selected Selenium, an open source tool. For simple projects, a formula is proposed that has been derived through data mining with Selenium. A genetic algorithm is added to this methodology for industry based projects, where the test cases are so large that they have to be grouped as Test Suites; this algorithm reconfigures Test suites in each cycle of regression testing. Commonly used APFD metric ignores fault s

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Maspupah, Asri, Mumuh Kustino Muharram, and Sophia Gianina Daeli. "Analisis Efektifitas Algoritma FAST Menggunakan Metrik Average Percentage Fault Detection dan Waktu Eksekusi Pada Test Case Prioritization." Journal of Information System Research (JOSH) 4, no. 2 (2023): 451–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.47065/josh.v4i2.2822.

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It uses regression testing to validate the modification results so as not to cause new errors in features that are already functioning correctly. The implementation of regression testing is generally done by re-executing the test suite used in the previous test. One of the crucial issues in regression testing is determining a strategic approach to reuse existing test suites. Testing with retesting all test cases will result in a long and expensive test. Thus, it is necessary to use a test case selection approach. The research study focuses on analyzing the effectiveness of the FAST algorithm,

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Wang, Ziyuan, Chunrong Fang, Lin Chen, and Zhiyi Zhang. "A Revisit of Metrics for Test Case Prioritization Problems." International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 30, no. 08 (2020): 1139–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194020500291.

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For the test case prioritization problems, the average percent of faults detected (APFD) and its variant versions are widely used as metrics to evaluate prioritized test suite’s efficiency of fault detection. By a revisit of metrics for test case prioritization, we observe that APFD is only available for the scenarios where all test suites under evaluation contain the same number of test cases. Such a limitation is often overlooked, and lead to incorrect results when comparing fault detection efficiency of test suites with different sizes. Moreover, APFD cannot precisely illustrate the process

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Mizukami, Naoki, Oldrich Rakovec, Andrew J. Newman, et al. "On the choice of calibration metrics for “high-flow” estimation using hydrologic models." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 23, no. 6 (2019): 2601–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-23-2601-2019.

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Abstract. Calibration is an essential step for improving the accuracy of simulations generated using hydrologic models. A key modeling decision is selecting the performance metric to be optimized. It has been common to use squared error performance metrics, or normalized variants such as Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), based on the idea that their squared-error nature will emphasize the estimates of high flows. However, we conclude that NSE-based model calibrations actually result in poor reproduction of high-flow events, such as the annual peak flows that are used for flood frequency estimat

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Shen, Linshan, Xiang Feng, Li Xu, and Weiyue Ding. "Adaptive prototype few-shot image classification method based on feature pyramid." PeerJ Computer Science 10 (October 1, 2024): e2322. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj-cs.2322.

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Few-shot learning aims to enable machines to recognize unseen novel classes using limited samples akin to human capabilities. Metric learning is a crucial approach to addressing this challenge, with its performance primarily dependent on the effectiveness of feature extraction and prototype computation. This article introduces an Adaptive Prototype few-shot image classification method based on Feature Pyramid (APFP). APFP employs a novel feature extraction method called FResNet, which builds upon the ResNet architecture and leverages a feature pyramid structure to retain finer details. In the

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Zhang, Long, Ziping Zhao, Chunmei Ma, et al. "End-to-End Automatic Pronunciation Error Detection Based on Improved Hybrid CTC/Attention Architecture." Sensors 20, no. 7 (2020): 1809. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20071809.

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Advanced automatic pronunciation error detection (APED) algorithms are usually based on state-of-the-art automatic speech recognition (ASR) techniques. With the development of deep learning technology, end-to-end ASR technology has gradually matured and achieved positive practical results, which provides us with a new opportunity to update the APED algorithm. We first constructed an end-to-end ASR system based on the hybrid connectionist temporal classification and attention (CTC/attention) architecture. An adaptive parameter was used to enhance the complementarity of the connectionist tempora

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Mgbemena, Stanley Onyebuchi, Muhammad Khatibsyarbini, and Adham Mohd Isa. "An Enhancement of Coverage-Based Test Case Prioritization Technique Using Hybrid Genetic Algorithm." International Journal of Innovative Computing 15, no. 1 (2025): 109–17. https://doi.org/10.11113/ijic.v15n1.545.

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Test Case Prioritization plays a defining role in regression testing by optimizing the ordering of test case execution for early fault detection. This ensures that modifications to the code do not adversely affect existing functionalities. TCP is considered an effective approach in regression testing that optimizes test execution by ordering test cases according to a criterion. While previous research works are based on a single criterion using Genetic or Cuckoo search to solve optimization problems in TCP, these single metrics limit their effectiveness. This study proposes a novel hybrid evol

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Dhareula, Priyanka. "Comparative Analysis of Efficacious Metaheuristic Technique with Genetically Modified- Flower Pollination Algorithm (GM-FPA) for Test Case Prioritization in Regression Testing." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 7 (2022): 221–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45247.

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Abstract: Regression Testing is most imperative activity of software development life cycle. Test case prioritization being one of the most adopted branch for regression testing and with the invent of nature inspired metaheuristic techniques in optimization, this study makes an attempt to augments the features of test case prioritization with nature inspired metaheuristic techniques to determine the most efficacious metaheuristic techniques from Cuckoo Searh (CS) algorithm, Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) for three different case studies. APFD metrics is used to c

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Bruce. E, John, and T. Sasi Prabha. "A Survey on Techniques Adopted in the Prioritization of Test Cases for Regression Testing." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.5 (2018): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.5.20078.

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Regression testing is testing the software with the intention to confirm that changes made on part of a module do not necessitate other parts of the module. Test case prioritization helps to reduce regression testing cost by ordering the test cases in such a way that it produces optimized results. Code Coverage and Fault detection being the factors behind the prioritization is dealt with techniques like Heuristic method, Meta Heuristic methods and Data mining techniques. The effectiveness of the techniques applied can be evaluated with the metrics like Average Percentage of Fault Detection (AP

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Dhareula, Priyanka. "Validating Switch Variable of Flower Pollination Algorithm in Regression Test Case Prioritization." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 7 (2022): 745–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45397.

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Abstract: This study aims at analysing and validating the impact of switch variable of Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) in regression test case prioritization. The value of switch variable decides whether local or global optimization will take place. The present study makes an attempt to analyse the impact of switch variable with values ranging from 0.8 to 0.1 on test case prioritization in regression testing. The present study is an extension of the prior work done to implement FPA for test case prioritization in regression testing. To validate the study two case studies written in Java pro

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Shahbaa, I. Khaleel, and Anan Raghda. "A review paper: optimal test cases for regression testing using artificial intelligent techniques." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 13, no. 2 (2023): 1803–16. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v13i2.pp1803-1816.

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The goal of the testing process is to find errors and defects in the software being developed so that they can be fixed and corrected before they are delivered to the customer. Regression testing is an essential quality testing technique during the maintenance phase of the program as it is performed to ensure the integrity of the program after modifications have been made. With the development of the software, the test suite becomes too large to be fully implemented within the given test cost in terms of budget and time. Therefore, the cost of regression testing using different techniques shou

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Khaleel, Shahbaa I., and Raghda Anan. "A review paper: optimal test cases for regression testing using artificial intelligent techniques." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 13, no. 2 (2023): 1803. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v13i2.pp1803-1816.

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<span lang="EN-US">The goal of the testing process is to find errors and defects in the software being developed so that they can be fixed and corrected before they are delivered to the customer. Regression testing is an essential quality testing technique during the maintenance phase of the program as it is performed to ensure the integrity of the program after modifications have been made. With the development of the software, the test suite becomes too large to be fully implemented within the given test cost in terms of budget and time. Therefore, the cost of regression testing using

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Al Fath, Ade Achmad, Dyah Erny Herwindiaty, Mochamad Agung Wibowo, and Endah Murtiana Sari. "Readiness for Implemented Sustainable Procurement in Indonesian Government Construction Project." Buildings 14, no. 5 (2024): 1424. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14051424.

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Procurement is the process of obtaining goods and services in a construction project and is a crucial point for the success of a design and build (DB) project. The success of a DB project has an effect on work performance metrics such as cost, quality, and time. Therefore, this research aims to develop a readiness model for implementing sustainable procurement in a DB project with a financing system in the state/regional budget (APBN/APBD). By using previous literature reviews, this research adopted a mixture of qualitative and quantitative methods. Specifically, the qualitative method was con

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Ahmed, Farrukh Shahzad, Awais Majeed, Tamim Ahmed Khan, and Shahid Nazir Bhatti. "Value-based cost-cognizant test case prioritization for regression testing." PLOS ONE 17, no. 5 (2022): e0264972. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0264972.

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Software Test Case Prioritization (TCP) is an effective approach for regression testing to tackle time and budget constraints. The major benefit of TCP is to save time through the prioritization of important test cases first. Existing TCP techniques can be categorized as value-neutral and value-based approaches. In a value-based fashion, the cost of test cases and severity of faults are considered whereas, in a value-neutral fashion these are not considered. The value-neutral fashion is dominant over value-based fashion, and it assumes that all test cases have equal cost and all software fault

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Li, Yinghua, Xueqi Dang, Wendkûuni C. Ouédraogo, Jacques Klein, and Tegawendé F. Bissyandé. "AudioTest: Prioritizing Audio Test Cases." Proceedings of the ACM on Software Engineering 2, ISSTA (2025): 707–30. https://doi.org/10.1145/3728907.

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Audio classification systems, powered by deep neural networks (DNNs), are integral to various applications that impact daily lives, like voice-activated assistants. Ensuring the accuracy of these systems is crucial since inaccuracies can lead to significant security issues and user mistrust. However, testing audio classifiers presents a significant challenge: the high manual labeling cost for annotating audio test inputs. Test input prioritization has emerged as a promising approach to mitigate this labeling cost issue. It prioritizes potentially misclassified tests, allowing for the early lab

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Melkonian, Marc, Camille Juigné, Olivier Dameron, Gwenaël Rabut, and Emmanuelle Becker. "Towards a reproducible interactome: semantic-based detection of redundancies to unify protein–protein interaction databases." Bioinformatics 38, no. 6 (2022): 1685–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btac013.

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Abstract Motivation Information on protein–protein interactions is collected in numerous primary databases with their own curation process. Several meta-databases aggregate primary databases to provide more exhaustive datasets. In addition to exhaustivity, aggregation contributes to reliability by providing an overview of the various studies and detection methods supporting an interaction. However, interactions listed in different primary databases are partly redundant because some publications reporting protein–protein interactions have been curated by multiple primary databases. Mere aggrega

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Mitchell, Jolyon P., Mark W. Nagel, Cathy C. Doyle, et al. "Relative Precision of Inhaler Aerodynamic Particle Size Distribution (APSD) Metrics by Full Resolution and Abbreviated Andersen Cascade Impactors (ACIs): Part 1." AAPS PharmSciTech 11, no. 2 (2010): 843–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12249-010-9452-6.

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Li, Jianwen, Shutian Liu, Dong Chen, Shengbang Zhou, and Chuanqi Li. "APD-YOLOv7: Enhancing Sustainable Farming through Precise Identification of Agricultural Pests and Diseases Using a Novel Diagonal Difference Ratio IOU Loss." Sustainability 16, no. 20 (2024): 8855. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16208855.

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The diversity and complexity of the agricultural environment pose significant challenges for the collection of pest and disease data. Additionally, pest and disease datasets often suffer from uneven distribution in quantity and inconsistent annotation standards. Enhancing the accuracy of pest and disease recognition remains a challenge for existing models. We constructed a representative agricultural pest and disease dataset, FIP6Set, through a combination of field photography and web scraping. This dataset encapsulates key issues encountered in existing agricultural pest and disease datasets.

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Tang, Sichao, Yuchen Zhao, Hengyi Lv, Ming Sun, Yang Feng, and Zeshu Zhang. "Adaptive Optimization and Dynamic Representation Method for Asynchronous Data Based on Regional Correlation Degree." Sensors 24, no. 23 (2024): 7430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24237430.

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Event cameras, as bio-inspired visual sensors, offer significant advantages in their high dynamic range and high temporal resolution for visual tasks. These capabilities enable efficient and reliable motion estimation even in the most complex scenes. However, these advantages come with certain trade-offs. For instance, current event-based vision sensors have low spatial resolution, and the process of event representation can result in varying degrees of data redundancy and incompleteness. Additionally, due to the inherent characteristics of event stream data, they cannot be utilized directly;

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Ettler, Vojtěch, Martin Mihaljevič, Ladislav Strnad, et al. "Mineralogy of Ga- and Ge-bearing metallurgical slags from Tsumeb, Namibia." Mineralogical Magazine 85, no. 6 (2021): 879–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/mgm.2021.83.

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AbstractGallium (Ga) and germanium (Ge) are technologically important critical elements. Lead blast furnace slags from Tsumeb, Namibia, comprise over two million metric tons of material that contains high levels of Ga (135–156 ppm) and Ge (128–441 ppm) in addition to significant Zn concentrations (up to 11 wt.%) and represent a potential resource for these elements. A combination of mineralogical and chemical methods (PXRD, FEG-SEM-EPMA and LA-ICP-MS) indicated different partitioning of Ga and Ge within the individual slag phases. Gallium is predominantly bound in small euhedral crystals of Zn

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Singhal, Shweta, Nishtha Jatana, Kavita Sheoran, et al. "Multi-Objective Fault-Coverage Based Regression Test Selection and Prioritization Using Enhanced ACO_TCSP." Mathematics 11, no. 13 (2023): 2983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11132983.

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Regression testing of the software during its maintenance phase, requires test case prioritization and selection due to the dearth of the allotted time. The resources and the time in this phase are very limited, thus testers tend to use regression testing methods such as test case prioritization and selection. The current study evaluates the effectiveness of testing with two major goals: (1) Least running time and (2) Maximum fault coverage possible. Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) is a well-known soft computing technique that draws its inspiration from nature and has been widely researched, imp

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Fitra, Fitra, Andi Herman Jaya, Yunus Sading, Laendatu Paembonan, and Musdayati Musdayati. "Analysis of the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Regional Financial Management of Sigi Regency for the Period 2020-2024." JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES SOCIAL SCIENCES AND BUSINESS (JHSSB) 4, no. 3 (2025): 643–54. https://doi.org/10.55047/jhssb.v4i3.1785.

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Regional financial management plays a pivotal role in attaining development objectives and enhancing community welfare particularly in fledgling regions like Sigi Regency. Regional governments' fiscal performance gets thoroughly evaluated via wonky effectiveness and efficiency metrics quite essential for assessing resource management skills and revenue goals. The goal of this research is to evaluate the financial performance of Sigi Regency. The study utilised secondary data from the Sigi Regency APBD for the 2020-2024 budget cycle. In order to assess the financial effectiveness and efficiency

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Mitchell, Jolyon P., Mark W. Nagel, Cathy C. Doyle, et al. "Relative Precision of Inhaler Aerodynamic Particle Size Distribution (APSD) Metrics by Full Resolution and Abbreviated Andersen Cascade Impactors (ACIs): Part 2—Investigation of Bias in Extra-Fine Mass Fraction with AIM-HRT Impactor." AAPS PharmSciTech 11, no. 3 (2010): 1115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1208/s12249-010-9473-1.

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Maulana, Ibal Afib, Ardhin Primadewi, Mukhtar Hanafi, and Eny Boedi Orbawati. "The Design of User Interface and User Experience in Rodanya Masbagia's Information System: using Design Thinking Methodology." Proceedings University of Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta Undergraduate Conference 3, no. 2 (2023): 47–56. https://doi.org/10.18196/umygrace.v3i2.590.

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Magelang City has become an administrative city and MSMEs (Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises) as the backbone of the economy in the city. In several regions MSMEs are utilizing digital technology, which has great potential for large-scale sales. The Government of Magelang City has implemented a community empowerment system called the Program for Empowering Community that Advanced, Healthy, and Happy Society (Rodanya Masbagia). This program aims to enhance the empowerment of the community through the local government's budget (APBD) provided by the Magelang City Development Planning Agency (

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Jin, Kunxiang, and Kevin Lano. "Object Constraint Language based test case optimization with modified Average Percentage of Fault Detection metric." Journal of Software: Evolution and Process, July 4, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smr.2708.

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AbstractTesting is one of the most time‐consuming and unpredictable processes within the software development life cycle. As a result, many test case optimization (TCO) techniques have been proposed to make this process more scalable. Object Constraint Language (OCL) was initially introduced as a constraint language to provide additional details to Unified Modeling Language models. However, as OCL continues to evolve, an increasing number of systems are being expressed by this language. Despite this growth, a noticeable research gap exists for the testing of systems whose specifications are ex

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"Model-Based Test Sequences Generation and Prioritization using Ant Colony Optimization." Journal of Information Technology Research 15, no. 1 (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jitr.299946.

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The paper presents an approach to generate and optimize test sequences from the input UML activity diagram. For this, an algorithm is proposed called “Unified Modelling Language for Test Sequence Generation" (UMLTSG) that uses a search-based algorithm, named “Test Sequence Prioritization using Ant Colony Optimization" (TSP ACO) to generate and optimize test sequences. The algorithms overcome the existing limitations of handling complex decision-making activity such as conditional activity, fork activity, and join the activity. The optimization process helps to reduce the number of processing n

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Sahil, Gupta, Raperia Himanshi, Kapur Eshan, Singh Harshpreet, and Kumar Aseem. "A NOVEL APPROACH FOR TEST CASEPRIORITIZATION." June 30, 2012. https://doi.org/10.5121/ijcsea.2012.2305.

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Test case prioritization techniques basically schedule the execution of test cases in a definite order such that to attain an objective function with greater efficiency. This scheduling of test cases improves the results of regression testing. Test case prioritization techniques order the test cases such that the most important ones are executed first encountering the faults first and thus makes the testing effective. In this paper an approach is presented which calculates the product of statement coverage and function calls. The results illustrate the effectiveness of formula computed with th

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Panthi, Vikas, and Durga Prasad Mohapatra. "Firefly optimization technique based test scenario generation and prioritization." Journal of Applied Research and Technology 16, no. 6 (2018). http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/icat.16656423.2018.16.6.745.

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Model-based testing shows a significant role-play in the area of software testing. This paper presents a new automatic test scenarios generation technique using UML state machine diagram having composite states. The intention of this research is to generate test scenarios for concurrent and composite states in state machines using the proposed algorithm SMToTSG (State Machine To Test Scenarios Generation). We have prioritized the test scenarios using Firefly optimization algorithm. We have used state-based coverage criteria such as state, transition, transition pair coverage to evaluate the ef

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K., Hema Shankari, Thirumalaiselvi R., and V. Balasubramanian N. "Performance Analysis of Proprietary and Non-Proprietary Tools for Regression Testing Using Genetic Algorithm." April 3, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1130503.

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The present paper addresses to the research in the area of regression testing with emphasis on automated tools as well as prioritization of test cases. The uniqueness of regression testing and its cyclic nature is pointed out. The difference in approach between industry, with business model as basis, and academia, with focus on data mining, is highlighted. Test Metrics are discussed as a prelude to our formula for prioritization; a case study is further discussed to illustrate this methodology. An industrial case study is also described in the paper, where the number of test cases is so large

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"Cuckoo Search Algorithm for Test Case Prioritization in Regression Testing." International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering 8, no. 3 (2019): 6004–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.c4488.098319.

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There are countless optimization problems that have been accelerated by Nature Inspired Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms (NIMOA) in the earlier decades. NIMOA have gained huge popularity owing to their effective results. In this study NIMOA namely, Cuckoo Search Algorithm (CSA) is used to prioritize (order) the test cases for Regression Testing (RT). Prioritizations aids in the execution of higher priority test cases to give early fault detection. This research adopts the aggressive approach of reproduction made by Cuckoos to prioritize the test cases for RT. Average Percentage of Fault D

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Raey Faldo, Satria Mandala, Mohd Shahrizal Sunar, and Salim M. Zaki. "APD-BayTM: Jakarta Air Quality Index Prediction using Bayesian Optimized LSTM." Jurnal Nasional Teknik Elektro, July 31, 2024, 92–104. https://doi.org/10.25077/jnte.v13n2.1183.2024.

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The Air Quality Index (AQI) is a metric for evaluating air quality in a region. Jakarta holds the fifth position globally in terms of air pollution. Several studies have been performed to forecast pollution levels in Jakarta. However, existing studies exhibit limitations such as outdated datasets, lack of data normalization, absence of machine learning parameter setting, neglect of k-fold cross-validation, and a failure to incorporate deep learning algorithms for pollution detection. This study introduces an air quality detection system called APD-BayTM to address these issues. This proposed s

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"Bi-Objective Constraint and Hybrid Optimizer for the Test Case Prioritization." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology 8, no. 6 (2019): 3436–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.f9515.088619.

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Regression testing is performed to make conformity that any changes in software program do not disturb the existing characteristics of the software. As the software improves, the test case tends to grow in size that makes it very costly to be executed, and thus the test cases are needed to be prioritized to select the effective test cases for software testing. In this paper, a test case prioritization technique in regression testing is proposed using a novel optimization algorithm known as Taylor series-based Jaya Optimization Algorithm (Taylor-JOA), which is the integration of Taylor series i

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Adhitya, Muhammad Fariz, and Juliana Nasution. "Analisis Kinerja Badan Pengelolaan Keuangan Pendapatan dan Aset Daerah (BPKPAD) Kota Binjai." Jurnal Multidisiplin Dehasen (MUDE) 1, no. 2 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.37676/mude.v1i2.2102.

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The purpose of this research is to obtain an overview of the performance of regional property managers, the Land and Finance Agency of Binjai City (BPKPAD). As the Regional Treasurer, BKPAD is a technical organization that is responsible for receiving regional revenues and financing regional needs through the Ministry of Regional Finance. The presence of the regional treasury allows the regions to regulate the availability of sufficient funds to fund regional expenditures. The Regional Treasury Department can also be used to find out what the wealth of an area is. The regional treasury itself

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Dhareula, Priyanka. "Validating Switch Variable of Flower Pollination Algorithm in Regression Test Case Prioritization." International Journal of All Research Education & Scientific Methods 10, no. 07 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.56025/ijaresm.2022.1071288.

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This study aims at analysing and validating the impact of switch variable of Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA) in regression test case prioritization. The value of switch variable decides whether local or global optimization will take place. The present study makes an attempt to analyse the impact of switch variable with values ranging from 0.8 to 0.1 on test case prioritization in regression testing. The present study is an extension of the prior work done to implement FPA for test case prioritization in regression testing. To validate the study two case studies written in Java programming w

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Mortazavi, Seyed Mojtaba, Maryam Jalali, Rezvan Bagheri, Faezeh Rezaei Fard, Ali Radfar, and Samane Nematolahi. "Factors Affecting the Length of Hospital Stay in COVID-19 Patients: A Retrospective Study in Bam City, Iran." Archives of Pediatric Infectious Diseases In Press, In Press (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.5812/apid-140944.

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Background: The sudden spread of COVID-19 raised significant concerns about the potential impact of the pandemic on healthcare systems in low- and middle-income nations. The length of hospital stay is a critical health metric with far-reaching implications in healthcare systems and a matter of resource allocation. Hospital beds, ventilators, medications, and the invaluable time and expertise of medical professionals are all finite resources. Understanding the factors influencing the length of hospitalization is essential for the efficient allocation of these resources and the provision of high

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Kumar, Hemant, and Vipin Saxena. "Effective Test Cases Generation with Harmony Search and RBF Neural Network." International Arab Journal of Information Technology 21, no. 5 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.34028/iajit/21/5/2.

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Software testing is one of the integral activities during development of software products. Generation and selection of the test cases either in static or dynamic form play pivot role for ensuring the quality of software products. There are numerous approaches in the literature for automatic generation of test cases but coverage criteria and fault detection rate are prominent metrics for checking the effectiveness of the software products during testing phase of software development. In the present, a new Harmony Radial Testing (HRT) is proposed by combining the concepts of Harmony Search Algo

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Danyk, Yuriy, and Victoriya Vysochanska. "Technique of testing cyber vulnerabilities and quality of Cyberphysical software systems." Theoretical and Applied Cybersecurity 3, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.20535/tacs.2664-29132021.1.251314.

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Cyber vulnerability testing and software quality cyberphysical systems (complexes) is an important task in ensuring its reliability and security. When working with several variations of products or their versions, testing all software for every variation is resource intensive and irrational. To implement effective technological and economical quality of testing and cyber vulnerabilities of cyberphysical systems software (complexes) in terms of its increasing complexity, both in time (when considering the version) and in space (when considering variation) and lack of access to program code shou

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Krishna Modadugu, Jaya. "Secure Optimization of API-Driven Financial Transactions Using Deep Learning: A Threat Detection Framework for Mutual Fund Processing." International Journal of Computational and Experimental Science and Engineering 11, no. 2 (2025). https://doi.org/10.22399/ijcesen.2291.

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For software applications and systems to interact smoothly and support automated and efficient service delivery, system-to-system communication via Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) is crucial. APIs enable the sharing of data and functions across various platforms, improving both operational performance and user interaction. However, this integration can expose systems to security threats that may be exploited by malicious entities, emphasizing the need to recognize and address related security risks. In this paper, secure optimization of API-driven financial transactions using deep le

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Orr, Michael C., Michael G. Branstetter, Jakub Straka, et al. "Phylogenomic Interrogation Revives an Overlooked Hypothesis for the Early Evolution of the Bee Family Apidae (Hymenoptera: Apoidea), With a Focus on the Subfamily Anthophorinae." Insect Systematics and Diversity 6, no. 4 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/isd/ixac022.

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Abstract Despite recent advances in phylogenomics, the early evolution of the largest bee family, Apidae, remains uncertain, hindering efforts to understand the history of Apidae and establish a robust comparative framework. Confirming the position of Anthophorinae—a diverse, globally distributed lineage of apid bees—has been particularly problematic, with the subfamily recovered in various conflicting positions, including as sister to all other Apidae or to the cleptoparasitic Nomadinae. We aimed to resolve relationships in Apidae and Anthophorinae by combining dense taxon sampling, with rigo

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Huang, Qin, and Ying Zhang. "Continuous appointed‐time prescribed performance attitude tracking control for rigid spacecraft with actuator faults on SO(3)." International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control, September 19, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rnc.6991.

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AbstractIn this article, the attitude tracking problem for rigid spacecraft subject to external disturbance, inertia uncertainties, and actuator faults is investigated. A novel continuous control strategy is proposed to guarantee that the attitude tracking errors converge with desired performance before an appointed time. In addition, the proposed control law can enable the closed‐loop system to be unwinding‐free. For the purpose, a modified appointed‐time performance function (APF) is used to construct a disturbance observer‐based adaptive attitude control law based on the special orthogonal

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Ma, Xiangning, and Hongjun Zhang. "Meta-analysis of probiotics metabolites in gastrointestinal tract and metabolic health." Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 15 (June 19, 2025). https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2025.1619501.

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IntroductionThe gastrointestinal (GI) tract acts as an essential interface between the host and the microbiota, with microbial metabolites exerting a significant role in regulating host physiology.MethodsIntegrative network-based methodology that combines metabolite-protein interactions with tissue-specific transcriptomics to uncover host targets of probiotic-derived metabolites and determine their potential biological significance. Utilizing curated interaction data, it is about to construct metabolite-host protein network and prioritised genes using centrality metrics. Gene expression analys

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Parks, Bryan A., Susan Kuklenyik, David Schieltz, et al. "Abstract 192: Intra-Individual Temporal Variation of Lipid and Apolipoprotein Levels in Patients With Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Normolipidemic Individuals." Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology 37, suppl_1 (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/atvb.37.suppl_1.192.

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Hypertriglyceridemia is frequently observed with diabetes mellitus (DM) and is associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. In conditions of insulin deficiency or resistance, increased levels of free fatty acids are seen by the liver, which trigger increased lipogenesis and secretion of triglyceride (TG) rich lipoprotein (TRL) particles. However, a high number of specific ApoC-III on TRL particles suppress their return to the liver leading to a continuous circulation of highly atherogenic TRL remnants. To better understand the effect of intra-individual temporal variations on t

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