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Marshall, Jane. "Sentence processing in aphasia : single case treatment studies." Thesis, City University London, 1994. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/7424/.
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This study presents three single case investigations of sentence processing disorders in aphasia. Assessment of the subjects was guided by models of normal sentence production and comprehension, and involved several new tests which were developed to investigate particular aspects of processing. The assessment phase generated hypotheses about where the processing system was breaking down for each patient. Although all three subjects showed disordered verb retrieval and use, different processing impairments were identified. The first subject had a deficit in the connections between verbs' semantic and phonological representations. The second subject had a hypothesised deficit in the early message level processes. The third subject had a semantic verb deficit which particularly impaired access to verbs' thematic information. Therapies were developed in the light of these hypotheses. Post therapy evaluation showed that all subjects made significant gains, although the nature and extent of their gains varied. These treatment responses are interpreted against the presumed cognitive models. The concluding discussion addresses a number of theoretical questions about the nature of the language processing system and how therapy may influence the workings of that system. Possible future directions for research are proposed.
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Roberts, Jennifer Rhiannon. "Cross-linguistic treatment generalisation in Welsh-English bilingual aphasia." Thesis, Bangor University, 2013. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/crosslinguistic-treatment-generalisation-in-welshenglish-bilingual-aphasia(b6314245-b33d-4622-a0ed-0b5aba9e384e).html.
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Graham, Lauren E. "Verb naming treatment for individuals with agrammatic aphasia Efficacy data /." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/9341.
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Thesis (M.A.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2009.<br>Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Hearing and Speech Sciences. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Dunn, Allison B. "Influence of perceived self-efficacy on treatment outcomes for aphasia." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000583.
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Fair, Jenny L. "Outcomes of a Life Participation Approach to Aphasia Treatment in Persons with Aphasia: The correlation between dose and confidence." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1500326709243888.
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Groh, Ellen Louise. "Severe, Chronic Auditory Comprehension Deficits: An Intensive Treatment and Cueing Protocol." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1336482231.
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Coran, Monica. "Novel Word Learning as a Treatment of Word Processing Disorders in Aphasia." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2018. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/485434.
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Communication Sciences<br>M.A.<br>Research suggests that novel word learning tasks engage both verbal short-term memory (STM) and lexical processing, and may serve as a potential treatment for word processing and functional language in aphasia (e.g., Gupta, Martin, Abbs, Schwartz, Lipinski, 2006; Tuomiranta, Grönroos, Martin, & Laine, 2014). The purpose of this study was to gain support for the hypotheses that novel word learning engages verbal STM and lexical access processes and can be used to promote improvements in these abilities in treatment of aphasia. We used a novel word learning task as a treatment with three participants: KT, UP, and CN, presenting with different types and severities of aphasia and predicted that treatment would result in (1) acquisition of trained novel words (2) improved verbal STM capacity and (3) improved access to and retrieval of real words. Twenty novel words were trained for 1 hour x 2 days/week x 4 weeks. Language and learning measures were administered pre- and post-treatment. All three participants showed receptive learning and some improvement on span tasks, while UP and CN demonstrated some expressive learning. KT also improved in performance on the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test and the Philadelphia Naming Test. UP showed significant improvement on proportion Correct Information Units (CIUs) in discourse. CN showed some minimal improvement in narrative production for proportion CIUs and proportion of closed class words. These findings support that novel word learning treatment, which engages verbal STM processes and lexical retrieval pathways, can improve input lexical processing. Theoretically, this study provides further evidence for models that propose common mechanisms supporting novel word learning, short-term memory, and lexical processing.<br>Temple University--Theses
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Grant, Meredith Kathleen. "A Moderately Intensive Functional Treatment For Severe Auditory Comprehension Deficits Associated with Aphasia." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1366756370.
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Brophy, Elizabeth Rose. "Generalization across verb types after Verb Network Strengthening Treatment (VNeST): A treatment study." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/406357.
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Communication Sciences<br>M.A.<br>Research in communication disorders suggests that training linguistically complex forms will generalize to untrained, simpler forms with similar structural properties (see Thompson, 2007 for review). The present study investigated generalization patterns from transitive verbs to two classes of intransitive verbs following administration of Verb Network Strengthening Treatment (VNeST; Edmonds, Nadeau & Kiran, 2009). Based on the Argument Structure Complexity Hypothesis (ASCH; Thompson, 2003), it was predicted that greater generalization would occur to unergatives because unergatives bear a structural relationship to transitive verbs and unaccusatives do not. Results at post-treatment supported the hypothesis with both intransitive verb types showing generalization and slightly higher effect sizes observed for unergative than for unaccusative verbs. At maintenance, this pattern was not maintained due to improvements in production of unaccusative verbs. Results support the findings of Edmonds et al. (2009) that administration of VNeST results in gains on measures of untrained, semantically related verbs as well as standardized measures of lexical retrieval and connected speech. These results also suggest that training transitive verbs results in slight generalization to untrained intransitive verbs; however, it is inconclusive whether unergative and unaccusatives intransitives show differential improvement.<br>Temple University--Theses
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Le, Jenny, and Isaksson Jakob Wuotila. "En samtalsanalytisk studie av interaktion under behandling i afasigrupp." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-108907.
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Afasi medför en språklig och kommunikativ begränsning för personer med afasi vid samspel med andra individer. Syftet med föreliggande studie är att undersöka interaktion mellan personer med afasi, samt mellan afasigruppsledare och deltagare i en afasigrupp under behandlingssituationer. Tre afasigrupper, med sammanlagt elva afasigruppsdeltagare och fyra afasigruppsledare deltog i föreliggande studie. Datainsamling skedde via videoupptagning samt ljudinspelning. Det insamlade materialet transkriberades och analyserades enligt samtalsanalytiska principer. Utöver videofilmning och ljudinspelning har deltagarna med afasi även testats med delar ur det neurolingvistiska testet A-ning. Resultat från föreliggande studie visar att utförandet av behandlingsövningar är föränderligt vid gruppintervention, där både afasigruppsdeltagare samt afasigruppsledare påverkar utförandet. Enligt tidigare forskning kan interaktion under intervention vanligen vara av institutionell karaktär. Gruppintervention i föreliggande studie har dock visat sig kunna avvika från detta system. Resultaten i föreliggande studie visar även att afasigruppsledaren använder sig av ett tydligare socialt fasadarbete under intervention i jämförelse med det sociala fasadarbetet mellan två afasigruppsdeltagare. Strategier som syftar till att stärka kommunikations- och språkförmåga hos afasigruppsdeltagaren har identifierats hos både afasigruppsledare och afasigruppsdeltagare i föreliggande studie. Föreliggande studie har gjort en beskrivning av hur interaktionen kan te sig vid behandling i afasigrupp. Emellertid finns ett fortsatt behov av att studera interaktion i afasigrupper för att synliggöra strategier som kan underlätta samspelet mellan samtliga samtalsdeltagare.<br>Aphasia is a language and communication impairment, which affects interaction with other individuals. The purpose of the present study is to investigate and describe interaction between people with aphasia and between the leaders and the participants in an aphasia group during treatment sessions. Three aphasia treatment groups, with a combined total of eleven aphasia group participants and four aphasia group leaders participated in the present study. Data was collected through audio and video recording. The recordings were transcribed and analyzed according to principles from Conversation Analysis. In addition to the video and audio recording, the participants with aphasia were also tested with parts of the Swedish neurolinguistic test A-ning. The results of the present study demonstrated that the execution of treatment tasks can change in interaction during group treatment sessions. Both aphasia group participants and aphasia group leaders were shown to have an influence on changing the characteristics of treatment tasks. Previous research has shown that interaction in intervention usually is institutional by nature. However, the interaction during group treatment in the present study was occasionally deviating from this system. The results of the present study also show that aphasia group leaders use face work more frequently in intervention, compared to the aphasia group participants. Strategies, which strengthen communication and language ability in persons with aphasia during interaction, are used by leaders as well as by participants in aphasia treatment groups. The present study has made a description of how interaction may appear in therapy in aphasia treatment groups. However, there is a continuous need to study interaction during aphasia treatment groups in order to identify strategies that may further facilitate interaction between all the participants in the group.
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Brogan, Emily Louise. "Treatment fidelity in the Very Early Rehabilitation in SpEech (VERSE) randomised controlled trial: An exploration of treatment for aphasia." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2019. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2264.
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Background
Aphasia is a neurological condition that affects the expression and/or comprehension of language and can have considerable impact on a person’s quality of life. Treatment for aphasia from speech language pathologists is effective. However, more information is needed on the nature of effective intervention including consideration for what therapy is provided, when it is commenced and how it is delivered. Treatment fidelity is concerned with ensuring research treatment protocols are implemented as they were intended, which assists in uncovering the specifics of how and why treatments work. When treatment fidelity is investigated thoroughly, researchers and research consumers can be confident of the research findings. Increased confidence in the highest level of evidence may improve research translation and ultimately improve the delivery of services to people with aphasia. Treatment fidelity within aphasia research is receiving increasing attention as greater rigour is applied to clinical trials. Each publication in this thesis addresses a different aspect of treatment fidelity within an aphasia randomised controlled trial including treatment integrity, differentiation, dosage and reporting of usual care therapy provision.
Methods
A published literature review of the reporting of treatment fidelity in aphasia randomised controlled trials is presented in Chapter Three. For the remaining studies, data was collected using an observational study design involving the analysis of therapy videos collected within the Very Early Rehabilitation in SpEech (VERSE) trial. VERSE was a multicentre randomised controlled trial that investigated whether intensive aphasia therapy was more effective and cost saving than usual care in very early aphasia recovery after stroke. Within the trial, therapists video recorded therapy sessions in the prescribed therapy conditions. Fifty three of these therapy videos were randomly selected comprising 12% of the total received in the trial. Therapy videos were transcribed and coded according to the aims of this thesis. Using this data, treatment differentiation and integrity is investigated statistically in Chapter Five. Dosage, is quantified by the number of active ingredients present within each session and is described using a model of cumulative intervention intensity in Chapter Six. In Chapter Seven, descriptive data is presented for the Usual Care-Plus therapy arm according to the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) statement
Results
The literature review reports nine (21%) of forty-two aphasia randomised controlled trial articles explicitly reporting treatment fidelity. From the video analysis, therapists in the VERSE arm of the study were found to be highly adherent to the treatment protocol however, treatment differentiation between trial arms was not established in this sample. Total verbal utterances and cues used with success were independent positive predictors of outcome at six months post stroke and hypothesized as key therapeutic ingredients of the trial treatments. According to a model of cumulative intervention intensity, collectively, these key ingredients occurred over 10,000 times per participant during the treatment period. Usual care therapy provision according to the TIDieR statement was documented and showed considerable variability in task selection and therapists producing the majority of verbal utterances during sessions.
Conclusions
This thesis provides a detailed insight into the aphasia interventions delivered within the VERSE trial to assist in the interpretation of the trial outcomes. It documents the current status of treatment fidelity reporting in aphasia randomised controlled trials and provides recommendations for measuring treatment fidelity in future research. These include the suggestion that significant attention should be given to operationalising treatment fidelity procedures, using piloting to establish active ingredients, prior to the commencement of the main trial. This work also heightens the general understanding of therapy provision for aphasia. The challenge for further developing the methodology for measuring dosage in aphasia rehabilitation is set.
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Sandberg, Chaleece Wyatt. "Changes in neural patterns in persons with aphasia following theory-based generative naming treatment." Thesis, Boston University, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12210.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University
N.B.: page 167 appears to be missing from this dissertation. It is unclear whether this is a page numbering error on the author's part, or content is actually missing.<br>Aphasia is a language disorder that affects approximately 1 million Americans. Word-finding deficits are characteristic of aphasia and are often targeted in therapy. Generalization from trained to untrained items in word-finding therapy is becoming increasingly important in the development of more cost- and time-effective rehabilitation techniques. However, much remains unknown regarding the neural mechanisms underlying generalization. Thus, this dissertation systematically examined the neural mechanisms underlying successful word-finding treatment, paying particular attention to generalization. Experiment 1 explored the neural correlates of abstract and concrete word processing in three persons with aphasia and three age-matched controls. Experiment 2 examined behavioral outcomes of a theoretically based word generation treatment in 12 persons with aphasia in terms of direct training and generalization effects when abstract words in a particular context-category are trained. Experiment 3 examined neuroplastic changes in activation and functional connectivity associated with behavioral direct training and generalization effects of treatment in 10 persons with aphasia when abstract words are trained. Consistent with current theories of abstract and concrete word processmg, Experiment 1 showed that abstract and concrete words elicited different activation patterns m persons with aphasia, similar to neurologically healthy adults. Experiment 2 showed that training abstract words in a generative naming treatment is not only efficacious, but also efficient because it promotes generalization to concrete words in the same context-category for a majority of participants. Finally, Experiment 3 showed that direct training effects coincided with increased activation and functional connectivity for regions involved in abstract word processing and generalization effects coincided with increased activation and functional connectivity for regions involved in concrete word processing. Inferior frontal gyrus and middle temporal gyrus appear to be important for both direct training and generalization effects of treatment. These results suggest that this treatment is promoting reorganization of function to regions that normally process abstract and concrete words and that direct training and generalization may be subserved by similar neural mechanisms, supporting the notion that the generalization seen behaviorally is a true effect of treatment. The results help inform our understanding of the connection between neuroplasticity and behavioral improvement in treatment in aphasia.
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Burrill, Katheryn Elizabeth. "The effect of phonological and semantic cues on word retrieval in adults." Scholarly Commons, 2008. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/694.
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Word retrieval difficulties can affect individuals who have had strokes or head trauma (Goodglass & Wingfield, 1997) and to a lesser extent, typically aging adults. This can affect an individual's ability to name pictures accurately and quickly. Cues are used to help individuals with word retrieval difficulties in fmding specific words. Two commonly used cues are semantic and phonological cues. Semantic cues can be information about the word the person is trying to retrieve, such as its definition, and/or its functions. Phonological cues are usually the initial sound of a word that a person is attempting to retrieve. Previous research has suggested that both of these cues, in isolation, are effective in stimulating word retrieval during naming tasks (Li & Williams 1989; Stirnley & Noll 1991 ). However, research has not investigated the effects of combining these two cues during picture naming tasks. The current study observed participants under four different cueing conditions during a picture naming task with the Boston Naming Test.
The four conditions include a control group (received no cues), a semantically cued group (received a semantic cue before being asked to name a picture), a phonologically cued group (received a phonological cue before being asked to name a picture), and a semanticallyphonologically cued group (received a semantic and phonological cue before being asked to name a picture). Each group was compared on number of items correctly named and response times. The results indicated that there was no statistically significant difference between the groups with regard to number of items named. There was a statistically significant difference found between the groups with regards to response times. These findings are discussed and compared to previous research and current word retrieval theories.
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Parkes, Bridget Parkes. "IS VERB NETWORK STRENGTHENING TREATMENT (VNeST) EFFECTIVE AT A LOWER DOSAGE?" Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2017. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/441075.
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Communication Sciences<br>M.A.<br>When delivering intervention to an individual with aphasia, clinicians must provide services that are grounded in evidence-based practice and show evidence of generalization of skills outside of therapy. Verb Network Strengthening Treatment is a straightforward treatment approach that requires inexpensive materials, making it possible to implement in various clinical settings in compliance with time allotted by insurance companies. The present study uses a single subject ABA design to investigate if the findings of Edmonds, Nadeau, & Kiran (2009) can be replicated when VNeST is administered using a lower dose of VNeST. Based on VNeST’s promotion of widespread activation of the semantic and syntactic network, it was predicted that reducing the dose of treatment would result in generalization to untrained items, as evidenced through weekly administration of probes and standardized testing. Results following treatment supported the hypothesis, however the effects of treatment were smaller than that of the original protocol.<br>Temple University--Theses
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McGill, Paige l. "Two adults with chronic aphasia and apraxia : treatment effectiveness and performance changes using emotional and non-emotional stimuli /." abstract and full text PDF (UNR users only), 1998. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1389877.
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Churney, Kristen. "Drawing and multimodality communication training as an effective treatment option for individuals with nonfluent aphasia." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1591594.
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<p>Many individuals with nonfluent aphasia experience social isolation and depression as a result of their communication impairments. For these individuals, the use of communicative drawing and other communication modalities may potentially overcome barriers to social isolation. This thesis describes a single case, time series design used to evaluate the effectiveness of a drawing treatment program that simultaneously targets drawing recognizability and the use of drawing outside of the structured therapy tasks for an individual with nonfluent aphasia. Results indicated a general improvement in drawing recognizability and an increase in the use of drawing within conversation. Additionally, these results were maintained 8 weeks following the end of therapy. The author discusses these results in relation to the current body of research in the area of aphasia rehabilitation, as well as possible avenues for future research. </p>
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Lundeen, Kelly Anne. "An Intensive Treatment Protocol For Severe Chronic Auditory Comprehension Deficits In Aphasia: A Feasibility Study." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1304367194.
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Knollman-Porter, Kelly. "Intensive Auditory Comprehension Treatment for People with Severe Aphasia: Outcomes and Use of Self-Directed Strategies." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1337288091.
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Yeung, Ho-yi Olivia, and 楊浩怡. "Are executive functions predictive of aphasia treatment outcomes?: data from an ortho-phonological therapy foranomia in Chinese." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B41758213.
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Thiel, Lindsey. "Applying therapies and technologies to the treatment of dysgraphia : combining neuropsychological techniques and compensatory devices to enhance use of writing via the internet." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/applying-therapies-and-technologies-to-the-treatment-of-dysgraphia-combining-neuropsychological-techniques-and-compensatory-devices-to-enhance-use-of-writing-via-the-internet(e794c4bb-22a9-43be-b4ce-077ba008b8bc).html.
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Effective writing rehabilitation for people with acquired dysgraphia following a stroke could lead to more opportunities to communicate, reduce isolation and improve quality of life. Previous research has suggested that both impairment-focused spelling therapies and assistive technologies can support writing rehabilitation, although the strength of the evidence is limited. The central aim of this PhD study was to investigate whether a combined approach to writing therapy, including impairment-based therapies and assistive technologies, could improve the email writing of participants with varying severity of acquired dysgraphia. An email writing assessment was developed for outcome measurement and data from 42 control participants were collated to determine the neuro-typical range of email writing performance on this task. A within-participants, multiple case design was used to evaluate the effects of two different approaches to therapy with participants with dysgraphia. In the first study, two impairment-based therapies (uni-modal and multi-modal) were compared with eight participants with dysgraphia and the effects of these on spelling accuracy of treated and untreated words were measured. The functional outcomes (email writing, written picture description, writing frequency and perception of disability) of these therapies were also investigated in a second study. The third study evaluated the effects of training eight participants with dysgraphia (six of whom had participated in the first two studies) to use an assistive writing technology for functional writing. There was a wide range of performance in neuro-typical participants on email writing, with both age and education emerging as determinants of performance. Within the clinical studies, there were no significant differences between uni-modal and multi-modal therapies with respect to spelling accuracy, but these lexical therapies led to significant improvements to accuracy of treated and untreated words, written picture description and word length within emails. Training and use of assistive writing software resulted in significant improvements in spelling accuracy and word length within emails. All participants with dysgraphia showed some responsiveness to intervention. Both impairment-based and compensatory approaches to writing rehabilitation were found to have benefit, although the effects varied across participants and outcome measures. This study has highlighted the need for further research into assessments and therapies for writing in aphasia, specifically focusing on candidacy for specific approaches to writing rehabilitation.
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Grut, Ellen, and Christine Kalerud. "Intensivträning vid kronisk afasi : Multipel fallstudie med Constraint Induced Aphasia Therapy (CIAT)." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Logopedi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-167691.
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Constraint-Induced Aphasia Therapy (CIAT) är en gruppbehandling för personer med afasi. Tidigare forskning kring CIAT har ansetts otillräcklig gällande dess långsiktiga effekt, dess effekt vid lindrig afasi och dess effekt på kommunikativ delaktighet. Föreliggande studie är en multipel fallstudie som syftar till att undersöka CIAT:s kort- och långsiktiga effekt på språk och kommunikation vid lindrig afasi. Fyra personer med kronisk afasi deltog i CIAT under två veckor. Språkfunktioner och funktionell kommunikation bedömdes före behandling (T1), efter behandling (T2) och vid uppföljning efter 3 månader (T3). Bedömningarna kompletterades av intervjuer med deltagarna och deras närstående. Vid T2 visade samtliga behandlingsdeltagare övervägande förbättrade språkliga funktioner. Vidare skattade 4/4 deltagare och samtliga närstående en förbättring av funktionell kommunikation. Vid T3 var förbättringen övervägande stabil. Skillnader i poängförbättring mellan bedömningarna antydde en behandlingseffekt, vilket stöddes av analys med teckentest. Resultat från intervjuer gav stöd för de förbättrade resultaten och kan anses öka den ekologiska validiteten. Resultaten tyder på att CIAT kan ha en kort- och långsiktig effekt på språk och kommunikation vid lindrig grad av afasi. Föreliggande studie indikerar därmed att CIAT kan vara gynnsamt för denna patientgrupp. Vidare analys krävs dock för att utesluta en effekt av upprepad testning. Med hänsyn till antalet personer som drabbas av afasi varje år och de betydande psykosociala konsekvenser afasi kan innebära bör framtida forskning utreda ytterligare hur behandling kan förbättra såväl språkliga funktioner som kommunikativ delaktighet i vardagen.<br>Constraint-Induced Aphasia Therapy (CIAT) is a group therapy for people with aphasia. The therapy’s effectiveness, its effect in milder aphasia and its long-term effect has not been thoroughly investigated in previous studies. This multiple case study aims to assess short- and long-term effect of CIAT on language functions and functional communication in mild aphasia. Four people with chronic aphasia received CIAT over two weeks. Language functions and functional communication was assessed prior therapy (T1), after therapy (T2) and at a 3 month follow-up (T3). In addition to assessments, interviews with participants and their family members were conducted. At T2 all participants showed mainly improved language functions. In addition, 4/4 participants and all family members rated an improvement of functional communication. Results were mainly stable at T3. Differences in improvement when comparing assessments indicated a treatment effect, which was supported by analysis with a sign test. Results from interviews supported the improved results on language tests and could be regarded as increasing the ecological validity. Results indicate a positive and lasting effect on language and communication in milder aphasia. The present study thus suggests that CIAT could be beneficial to this patient group. However, further analyses are required to rule out the possibility of a practice effect. Considering the number of people with aphasia and the psychosocial impact of aphasia, future research should further investigate how therapy could improve linguistic ability as well as communicative participation.
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Rowe, Erin T. "Clinical decision-making in aphasia therapy: A survey of perceived levels of evidence for common treatment approaches." Scholar Commons, 2010. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/1755.
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The past three decades have produced a surge of interest in the role of evidence-based practice (EBP) in the clinical decision-making of speech-language pathologists and other healthcare professionals in delivering optimally effective patient care. A review of the literature revealed several studies investigating potential barriers to EBP implementation and attitudes toward EBP. However, few studies have been designed to probe what treatment approaches to neurogenic communication disorders clinicians are currently implementing and the rationales behind their use. Furthermore, a review of the literature failed to reveal any surveys designed to probe the correlation between what clinicians perceive to be evidence based and what truly is evidence based as outlined in current practice guidelines.
The primary aim of this study was to examine potential trends within the field of speech-language pathology relating to the role of EBP in the clinical decision-making of aphasia therapy and the quality of evidentiary support for these decisions. Launching both Web-based and hard copy versions of an 18-question survey, questions probed clinicians' perceptions of the evidence level, primary sources of information, and timeframe of implementation related to various traditional treatment approaches for aphasia. Analysis of the 104 survey responses revealed a disconnect between the implementation of aphasia treatments and the research behind their use. Results indicate that many of the common treatment approaches for aphasia currently in practice are evidence based. However, a research-to-practice gap exists as many treatment approaches that clinicians are not reportedly using are also supported by evidence.
Similarly, clinicians' perceptions of what is evidence based are not always in accordance with current practice guidelines. Clinicians appear to rely on professional journals, graduate school training, and professional conferences as their primary sources of evidence-based information. It does not appear as though advertising significantly affects clinicians' decision making in treatment selection. Furthermore, clinicians tend to implement new or alternative treatment approaches rather quickly after exposure to the treatment. Although participants reportedly acknowledge the importance of EBP, further research is needed to investigate causes of and ways to eliminate the research-to-practice gap in the treatment of neurological communication disorders.
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Goff, Rachel A. "Examining the Effectiveness of Intensive Language Action Therapy in Individuals with Nonfluent Aphasia." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4817.
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Abstract
Background: Individuals with nonfluent aphasia may have significant difficulties with functional spoken communication tasks in their daily life. Aphasia treatment held in a group setting may provide an enriched communicative context wherein the requirements of spoken language are similar to those within functional day-to-day communicative situations. Thus engaging in a spoken language activity in a group setting may directly target generalization of trained skills to those required in real-life, social communication situations. The present study is concerned with an aphasia group treatment that requires focused practice of spoken language during a social-functional communication task. Intensive Language Action Therapy (ILAT) has demonstrated positive communication outcomes in some individuals with chronic aphasia. However, it remains to be seen which clinical measures best index outcomes for ILAT. The purpose of the current study was to determine the effectiveness of ILAT in individuals with nonfluent aphasia by exploring multiple, potential ILAT outcomes. The outcomes included change in performance on assessments of directly trained spoken social-functional communication abilities (proximal outcomes), untrained social-functional communication abilities and language abilities (primary outcomes), and cognitive-communication abilities (secondary outcome). Additionally, the project aimed to explore the participants' perceptions of ILAT (secondary outcome).
Methods and Procedures: ILAT was implemented with four individuals with nonfluent aphasia, using a single-subject multiple baseline design. The treatment was conducted daily for 10 consecutive week days, totaling 25 hours of treatment. Treatment probes (i.e., using trained and untrained picture cards and an unrelated control-task of nonword repetition), a pre/post assessment battery, and a post-treatment survey/interview were administered to assess performance on the treatment task, generalization to other potential ILAT outcomes, and participants' perceptions.
Outcomes & Results: Increased accuracy was observed for trained and untrained items. However, two of the four participants were not able to reach a criteria determined a priori for treatment performance. Performance on items that were untrained resulted in some improvements in performance for all participants. Three of the four participants demonstrated small effect sizes in response to ILAT. One participant who demonstrated a medium effect size in response to ILAT also demonstrated a clinical significant change in discourse abilities, a measure of spoken social-functional communication abilities. All participants demonstrated improvements on at least one primary outcomes measure. Two participants, however, demonstrated a decline. All participants, however, perceived a positive experience with ILAT on a qualitative posttreatment survey/interview.
Conclusions: Patterns were found between skills directly trained during ILAT, proximal outcomes, and performance on primary and secondary outcome measures of language, social-functional communication, and cognitive-communication, meant to assess generalization of trained skills to similar or potentially related untrained skills. A substantial amount of change (e.g., at least a medium effect size) on proximal outcome measures may be required in order for improvements to occur in primary and secondary outcome measures. Participants' perceptions of a positive treatment experience associated with the ILAT program further supports the value of the treatment. Future research should aim to further examine the influence of ILAT treatment components and participants' characteristics.
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Yeung, Ho-yi Olivia. "Are executive functions predictive of aphasia treatment outcomes? data from an ortho-phonological therapy for anomia in Chinese /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B41758213.
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Sonnentheil, Frida, and Anna Österberg. "Evidensbaserad logopedisk intervention vid strokeorsakad afasi hos vuxna : En verksamhetsknuten litteraturstudie." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Logopedi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-217394.
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Background: The speech- and language deficit aphasia affects 12 000 persons annually in Sweden. Aphasia is caused by injury in the brain and the most common etiology is stroke. According to the tool for describing and assessing aphasia, A-FROM (Kagan et al., 2008), the four following aspects of aphasia need to be considered: severity of aphasia, participation in life situations, communication and language environment and personal factors. Several different interventions and treatments can be performed in every domain. There is scientific evidence for interventions performed by speech and language pathologists; however, the question is yet being discussed since results are unambiguous. Purpose: The main purpose of this study is to investigate which aphasia interventions performed by speech and language pathologists that are supported by evidence. A further purpose is to visit clinical practices to obtain data concerning how speech and language pathologists work with persons with aphasia. Method: Systematic search for literature was executed in seven medical databases. Articles that met certain criteria were graded regarding evidence. The authors additionally made visits to speech and language pathologists at a hospital Svealand, Sweden, for observation and interviewing of speech and language pathologists. Results and conclusions: The level of evidence for interventions varies. No intervention is investigated in more than three included studies and the number of participants is often small. Recommendations for clinical work can be given based on evidence from the included studies. The one intervention that was being studied by the most studies is CIAT/CILT. Interventions targeting expressive language, in particular word retrieval, have the strongest support in evidence.<br>Bakgrund: Språkstörningen afasi drabbar 12 000 personer årligen i Sverige. Afasi är en förvärvad språkstörning och orsakas av en skada i hjärnan, vanligaste orsaken är stroke. Enligt ett verktyg för att beskriva och bedöma afasi, A-FROM (Kagan et al. 2008), kan man se till fyra aspekter av afasin: afasisvårigheter, delaktighet i vardagliga situationer, språklig och kommunikativ omgivning samt personliga faktorer. Inom varje domän kan flera olika typer av logopedisk intervention och behandling genomföras. Vetenskaplig evidens stödjer effekt av logopedisk intervention men diskussion pågår då resultaten inte är entydiga. Forskning på området är inte heller entydig kring vilken typ av intervention som har mest evidens att ge effekt. Syfte: Studiens huvudsyfte är att genom granskning av de senaste årens forskning besvara vilka logopediska afasiinterventioner som stöds av evidens. Ett ytterligare syfte är att göra besök i klinisk verksamhet för att inhämta data kring hur logopeder arbetar med personer med afasi. Metod: Systematiska litteratursökningar genomfördes i sju medicinska databaser. Artiklar som uppfyllde uppsatta inklusionskriterier evidensgraderades. Vidare besöktes ett sjukhus i Svealand för auskultation på och intervjuer med legitimerade logopeder. Resultat och slutsats: Studien visade på att afasiinterventioner har varierande grad av evidens. Varje typ av intervention behandlades av endast en eller ett fåtal inkluderade artiklar som ofta hade få försöksdeltagare. Förslag på rekommendationer för kliniskt arbete kan utfärdas utifrån inkluderade studier och deras evidensgrad. Den enskilda interventionen som studerats av flest inkluderade studier (tre studier) är CIAT/CILT. Starkast stöd i evidens har träning av expressiva förmågor, främst ordmobilisering.
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Blake, Priscilla Jane. "Word retrieval behaviors of aphasic adults in conversational speech : a preliminary study." PDXScholar, 1992. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4213.
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Word retrieval difficulties are experienced by almost all aphasic adults. Consequently, these problems receive a substantial amount of attention in aphasia treatment. Because of the methodological difficulties, few studies have examined WRBs in conversational speech, focusing instead on confrontational naming tasks in which the client is asked to retrieve a specific word. These studies have left unanswered questions about the WRB processes.
The purposes of this study were to: (1) develop profiles of WRB for moderately impaired aphasic adult clients and examine these profiles for evidence that reflects the level of breakdown in the word retrieval process, and (2) determine potential treatment applications derived from the study of WRBs of moderately aphasic speakers.
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Hartelius, Ebba, and Lisa Mattsson. "Constraint-Induced Aphasia Therapy (CIAT) : effekt på en grupp individer med kronisk afasi." Thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-15862.
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<p>Constraint-Induced Therapy (CI) is based on the theory that constraining operationalfunctions will increase the usage and at the same time the recovery of impaired functions. Constraint-Induced Aphasia Therapy (CIAT) is a variant of CI, aimed at people with chronicaphasia. The purpose of this study was to examine whether CIAT would affect the linguisticabilities of eleven individuals with chronic aphasia. The linguistic abilities of each participant were tested before and after the therapy which consisted of thirty hours intensive trainingduring two weeks in accordance with CIAT. Abilities that were examined included namingability, informative speech, listening comprehension and everyday use of language. Measurements of the participants’ length of utterances and speech-rate were also implemented. The test results were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed ranks tests and dependent t-tests. Significant improvements were ascertained in the areas of length ofutterances, naming ability and informative speech. The conclusion of the study was that CIAT has a positive effect on individuals suffering from chronic aphasia, in regards tospeech production. It is unclear whether the method has any effect on language comprehension.</p><br><p>Constraint-Induced Therapy (CI) bygger på teorin att hämmande av välfungerande funktionerökar användningen och därmed återhämtningen av nedsatta funktioner. Constraint-InducedAphasia Therapy (CIAT) är en variant av CI som riktas mot personer med kronisk afasi. Syftet med föreliggande studie var att undersöka om CIAT påverkade språkförmågan för elva personer med kronisk afasi. Deltagarnas språkförmåga testades före och efter behandlingen, vilken utgjordes av trettio timmar intensiv träning under två veckor i enlighet med CIAT. Delförmågor som testades var benämningsförmåga, informativt tal, hörförståelse samt språkanvändning i vardagen. Mätningar gjordes också av deltagarnas taltempo och genomsnittliga yttrandelängd. Deltagarnas resultat från språktesten analyserades med Wilcoxon signed ranks test och beroende t-test. Signifikanta förbättringar kunde ses inomområdena yttrandelängd, benämningsförmåga samt informativt tal. Slutsatsen var att CIAT har en positiv effekt på personer med kronisk afasi vad gäller talproduktion. Det är dockoklart huruvida metoden påverkar språkförståelse.</p>
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Beales, Ashleigh. "Making the Right Connections: Assessment and Treatment of Lexical Retrieval Difficulties in People with Primary Progressive Aphasia and Alzheimer’s Disease." Thesis, Curtin University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/81771.
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Lexical retrieval difficulties are a common symptom of language impairment in neurodegenerative conditions and are particularly prevalent in conditions such as primary progressive aphasia and Alzheimer’s disease. Through the detailed profiling of cognitive and language behaviours, supported by neuroimaging data, and the design, implementation, and evaluation of a novel intervention protocol, this thesis sought to both inform understanding of the nature of the impairments and advance clinical practice with these populations.
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Lorenz, Antje. "Die Behandlung von Wortabrufstörungen bei Aphasie : eine methodenvergleichende Studie zum Bildbenennen." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2004. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2005/183/.
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In einer multiplen Einzelfallstudie mit zehn aphasischen Patienten wurde die Wirksamkeit eines semantischen und eines phonologischen Therapieansatzes zur Behandlung von Wortabrufstörungen verglichen. Detaillierte Einzelfalluntersuchungen ermöglichten die Diagnose der zugrundeliegenden funktionalen Störungen bei jedem Patienten. Auf diese Weise konnten die erzielten Therapieeffekte auf die individuellen kognitiv-neurolinguistischen Störungsmuster bezogen werden.
Im Vordergrund der Therapie stand in beiden Ansätzen das mündliche Benennen von Objektabbildungen mit unterschiedlichen Arten von Hilfen. Während in der semantischen Therapie Teilaspekte des semantischen Zielkonzepts als Benennhilfen eingesetzt wurden, handelte es sich bei den phonologischen Hilfen um Teilinformationen der Zielwortform.
Bei der Erhebung von spezifischen Therapieeffekten wurde zwischen itemspezifischen und itemübergreifenden Verbesserungen sowie kurz- und langfristigen Effekten auf die mündlichen Benennleistungen unterschieden. Dabei wurden neben den quantitativen Verbesserungen (% korrekt) auch die qualitativen Effekte (Fehlertypen) der beiden Ansätze berücksichtigt, und es wurden Transfereffekte in die Spontansprache der Patienten untersucht. Zusätzlich wurden auch die Soforteffekte der verschiedenen Benennhilfen in den Therapiesitzungen erhoben.
Im Methodenvergleich zeigte sich, dass die phonologische Therapiephase kurzfristig bei der Mehrzahl der Patienten signifikante Verbesserungen beim Bildbenennen bewirkte, diese Effekte haben sich jedoch überwiegend als nicht stabil erwiesen. Im Gegensatz dazu erwies sich die semantische Therapiephase auch als langfristig effektiv. Im Unterschied dazu erwiesen sich die phonologischen Benennhilfen bei fast allen Patienten als unmittelbar effektiver als die semantischen Benennhilfen.
Somit waren die Soforteffekte der Hilfetypen in den Therapiesitzungen kein sicherer Indikator für die Dauer der Gesamteffekte einer Therapiephase.
Außerdem zeigte sich nicht bei allen Patienten ein direkter Zusammenhang zwischen der Art ihrer zugrundeliegenden funktionalen Störung und den erzielten Therapieeffekten. Einerseits profitierten Patienten mit erhaltenen semantischen Verarbeitungsleistungen von der semantischen Therapie, andererseits zeigten sich signifikante phonologische Therapieeffekte bei Patienten mit zentral-semantischen Störungen.
Die Wirkmechanismen der beiden Therapieansätze werden unter Berücksichtigung unterschiedlicher kognitiv-neurolinguistischer Theorien zum mündlichen Wortabrufprozess beim Bildbenennen interpretiert.<br>This study compared semantic and phonological treatments of word retrieval in ten aphasic patients using a multiple single case paradigm. The patients' single word processing was investigated before therapy, so that specific treatment effects could be interpreted with regard to underlying functional deficit(s) in each patient.
In both treatments, the main task was spoken picture naming with different types of cues. In the semantic treatment, different aspects of the semantic target concept were used as a cue in picture naming, in the phonological treatment, different types of word-form specific information were provided as a cue.
Treatment effects were assessed in terms of both short- and long-lasting effects on spoken picture naming accuracy in each patient. Both quantitative (proportion of correct responses) and qualitative (error types) improvements were evaluated. Furthermore, generalisation to untreated pictures (control items) and related tasks and transfer effects into spontaneous speech were examined. In addition, the immediate effects of the different types of prompts in the phonological and semantic treatment sessions were analysed.
Regarding the stability of effects, different outcomes were found for semantic versus phonological treatments. The phonological treatment phase produced only short-lasting effects in most of the patients. In contrast, the semantic treatment phase produced more stable effects in some participants.
With regard to the immediate effects of the different types of cues in the treatment sessions, it turned out that the phonological cues produced stronger effects than the semantic cues in most of the participants. Nevertheless, the effects of the semantic treatment phase were more stable than the phonological treatment effects.
Specific effects of the phonological and the semantic treatment were not directly linked to the underlying functional disorder in each patient. Patients with preserved and with impaired semantic processing of concrete nouns could profit from both methods.
The underlying mechanisms of effectiveness of the two treatment methods are interpreted in the framework of different cognitive-neuropsychological theories of spoken picture naming.
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Karidas, Stephanie. "Does the Use of Personally Relevant Stimuli in Semantic Complexity Training Facilitate Improved Functional Communication Performance Compared to Non-Personally Relevant Stimulus Items among Adults with Chronic Aphasia?" Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4704.
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This study investigated the influence of semantic complexity treatment in individuals with fluent aphasia on discourse performance. Semantic treatment is an effective way to improve semantically based word retrieval problems in aphasia. Treatment focused on the semantic application of the Complexity Account of Treatment Efficacy (CATE) (Thompson, Shapiro, Kiran, & Sobecks, 2003) promotes training of complex items resulting in generalization to less complex, untrained items. In addition, research has shown that the personal relevance of treatment material can increase treatment efficacy. This study investigated the effect of semantic treatment of atypical personally relevant items among individuals with aphasia on discourse performance.
Two treatment phases were applied to examine the influence of personally relevant and non-relevant treatment material on discourse performance. In addition, generalization from trained atypical items to untrained typical items was investigated. Methods and procedures were partially replicated from Kiran, Sandberg, & Sebastian (2011) examining semantic complexity within goal-derived (ad hoc) categories. Three participants with fluent aphasia were trained on three semantic tasks including category sorting, semantic feature generation/selection, and Yes/No feature questions. A generative naming task was used for probe data collection every second session. Stimuli consisted of atypical items only.
The hypothesis that semantic complexity training of personally relevant items from ad hoc categories will produce greater generalization to associated, untrained items than training of non-relevant items and consequently increase discourse performance was not supported. The findings revealed a failure to replicate the magnitude and type of improvements previously reported for the typicality effect in generative naming. Clinical significance was found for personally relevant and non-relevant discourse performance. However, no consistent pattern was found within and across participants. In addition, effect size for generalization from trained atypical to untrained typical items was not significant.
Limitations of this study lead to future directions to further specify participation selection, such as cognitive abilities, procedural changes, and the inclusion of discourse performance as an outcome measure. Overall, the results of this study provide weak support for replicating semantic treatment of atypical exemplars in ad-hoc categories and hence demonstrate the critical role of replication across labs to identify key issues in the candidacy, procedures, and outcome measurement of any developing treatment.
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狄荻. "针灸治疗中风后失语症的临床文献评估". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2015. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/138.
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中风后失语，现代医学称“急性交流障碍” ，它是急性脑血管病的常见症状之一，古代医籍中称失语为“喑痹” 、“风懿” 、“风喑” 、“风癔” 、“难言” 、“不语”等。〈素问－脉解〉云：“所谓入中为喑者’阳盛己衰，故为喑也。内夺而厥，则为喑痹。”《素问－刺禁论〉云：“……刺足少阴脉’重虚出血’为舌难以言。”《金匮要略·中风历节病脉证治〉：“邪入于腑，即不识人；邪入于脏’舌即难言’口吐涎”等。 言语障碍是脑血管疾病的常见症状，在卒中急性期，合并有失语的患者比例高达21%-38% ，据国内报道，脑血管疾病患者约25%伴有言语障碍。另外，卒中患者中除了明显失语之外，仍有60%患者在交流上存在问题。由于中风失语不仅给家庭、社会和国家带来沉重的经济负担，同时也给中风患者的身心带来了巨大伤害，故探索有效的中风失语治疗方案、提高其临床疗效、改善失语症患者的生存质量是当今亟待解决的问题。 本文对于中风后失语症的论述主要分为两大部分： 第一部分从中、西医角度认识中风后失语症。中风的病因是以正气不足、肝肾阴亏、肝阳上扰、肝风内动、血脉不通、风邪留而不去为致病之本，以风、火、痰、湿、气、血为致病之标。由此而并发的失语症主要是舌体瘫痪强直、记忆力下降健忘或认知障碍思维不清所导致，其病在心（脑），肝涉及脾、肾等脏腑。众多研究者进行了对于中风后失语症的各种治疗方法的多方面研究， 笔者收集了2010年1月至2014年12月的相失临床文献并进行了整理分析。 第二部分从针灸临床角度，对所收集到关于针灸治疗中风后失语的文献进行综合分析。运用计量学评价方法，从期刊分布、年份分布、诊断标准、随机对照、言法、脱落病例、样本量、治疗方法等多个方面， 对针灸治疗中风后失语症的研究状况做一个全面系统的分析及，并在此基础上对临床研究质量的总体水平作出评价，讨论中风后失语症的针灸临床规范研究方案，筛选有效的针灸处方，提高针灸临床科研的质量。 關键词：中风后失语症 针灸治疗
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Sotiropoulou, Drosopoulou Christina. "Speed of word retrieval across neurotypical and aphasic participants : an investigation of novel assessment and treatment methods." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/speed-of-word-retrieval-across-neurotypical-and-aphasic-participants-an-investigation-of-novel-assessment-and-treatment-methods(f949ed93-7f56-48bb-888d-8db4c54a1e4c).html.
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Word finding difficulties (WFD) and slowing down both in linguistic comprehension and production are standard characteristics of people as they grow older. WFD also commonly occur in aphasia and are considered one of the most pervasive symptoms affecting stroke participants’ everyday communication. Research on older adults’ WFD has traditionally focused on production of single words when completing picture naming tasks, while very little is known about how much these WFD can compromise connected speech. Similarly, while picture naming tasks have typically been used for assessing and treating word finding problems in clinical practice, there is a dearth of studies in the aphasiological literature investigating the relationship between confrontation naming and connected speech tasks. The thesis investigated whether a newly-developed method/treatment targeting both speed and accuracy (‘repeated increasingly speeded presentation’ - RISP) in picture naming was more effective in (a) speeding up participants without compromising accuracy, and (b) improving the use of the trained/treated names in connected speech, compared to a standard method/therapy (‘standard presentation’ - SP) which targeted accuracy alone. English-speaking, elderly participants (n=27 at Chapter 3, n= 21 at Chapter 4) and participants with aphasia of varying severity and subtype (n=5 at Chapter 5 and n=20 at Chapter 6) were asked to carry out picture naming tasks/picture naming treatments and composite picture description tasks where the composite pictures included the trained/treated items. As for the neurotypical participants, words which were retrieved more quickly in picture naming tasks were also those which were more readily available and produced in connected speech tasks. Compared to SP, RISP was found to be significantly more effective in significantly reducing picture naming latencies without inducing a speed-accuracy trade-off and with lasting effects. Finally, SP was as effective in promoting retrieval in connected speech as RISP. As for the clinical population, compared to SP, RISP was significantly more effective in improving picture naming accuracy and in maintaining the reduced RTs in the long term. In comparison to the SP, RISP crucially led to significantly higher carry-over of targeted items to connected speech. The thesis findings underlined the effectiveness of a more demanding single word training method/treatment in improving lexical retrieval in confrontation naming for neurotypical participants and in enhancing connected speech for participants with aphasia.
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Frey, Kimberly L. "Patient Characteristics and Treatment Components that Mediate Improvements in Connected Speech in Persons with Chronic Post-Stroke Aphasia| A Delphi study involving a Communication Disorders Expert Panel." Thesis, University of Colorado at Boulder, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3592288.
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<p> <b>Purpose:</b> To achieve agreement amongst a group of aphasia experts regarding the most important patient characteristics and treatment components that mediate improvements in connected speech in persons with chronic post-stroke aphasia. </p><p> <b>Method:</b> A three-round Delphi study obtained the views of experts regarding patient characteristics and treatment components (e.g., focus, materials, task, duration/intensity, other) that positively, neutrally, or negatively influence connected speech. A structured eight-stage process included two data acquisition methods. First, a systematic literature review extracted patient characteristics and treatment components in studies for which connected speech was an outcome variable of interest. Next, over three-rounds, experts identified and rated patient characteristics and treatment components according to their relative influence on connected speech. Means, standard deviations, percentiles, and Spearman rank correlation coefficients were used to investigate the importance of items, agreement amongst experts, and stability of responses across rounds. </p><p> <b>Results:</b> Fifty-two experts identified in the literature review were contacted to participate in the study, seven of whom completed all three Delphi rounds. Categorization of the narrative responses to first round questions resulted in 175 specific, five-point Likert-scale questions After expert ratings of Round two and three questions, 53 final items achieved greatest certainty to positively or negatively influence connected speech. Of these 53, 38 achieved high expert consensus, 11 moderate consensus, and 4 low consensus. Twenty-three of the ratings had strong stability across rounds, 38% had moderate, and 26% had weak. </p><p> <b>Discussion:</b> Comparison of the literature and expert responses in the Delphi study revealed contrasting thoughts on variables that influence connected speech. Studies identified in the literature review emphasized treatment of microlinguistic elements of language. In contrast, experts' responding to the Delphi questionnaire indicated that treatment should be directed toward macrolinguistic elements of language. Through this Delphi study, a panel of international aphasia rehabilitation experts identified and agreed upon key elements of aphasia therapy aimed at improving connected speech. When the tasks, materials, and types of feedback are considered, and treatment is constructed, these key elements can be integrated and manipulated and thus be used as mechanisms of, not just variables in, change.</p>
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Bengtsson, Louise, and Pia Sjölund. "Logopedisk afasiintervention : -en studie av journalanteckningar ur ett historiskt perspektiv." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Logopedi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-69221.
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A historical study of intervention for aphasia may provide information on how speech and language pathologists work with people with aphasia. Aphasia is seen as an umbrella term for symptoms of language disorders caused by aquired brain injury. The overall aim of the present study was to describe and analyze the development of intervention for aphasia during the periods 1990-1999 and 2000-2010. The study was conducted by analysis of 83 medical records from two hospitals in Sweden during a period of 20 years. These decades were compared to each other and yo current litteraturein search for differences and trends in aphasia intervention. The Results of the present study revealed that intervention mainly focused on recovering the linguistic ability in both the 1990s and 2000s. Intervention and literature focusing on communication seem to increase during the 2000s. In the 2000s, speech and language pathologists begin to report on working with cognitive abilities. The results of the present study cannot be generalized but may give an insight in aphasia intervention from a historical perspective in Sweden.<br>En studie om afasiinterventionens historia kan bidra med information om hur logopeder arbetar med personer med afasi. Afasi ses som ett paraplybegrepp för symtom på språkstörning som uppkommit efter en förvärvad hjärnskada. Syftet med föreliggande studie var att beskriva och analysera hur utvecklingen av den logopediska afasiinterventionen har sett ut under åren 1990-1999 och 2000-2010. Studien genomfördes genom analys av 83 journaler från två sjukhus i Sverige under en 20-års period. Dessa årtionden jämfördes med varandra och relaterades till aktuell litteratur för att utröna skillnader och trender i den logopediska interventionen. Resultatet i föreliggande studie visade att intervention med inriktning mot att återfå den språkliga förmågan är vanligast under både 1990-talet och 2000-talet. Intervention och litteratur inriktad mot kommunikation förefaller öka under 2000-talet. Under 2000-talet dokumenterar logopeder att de ger intervention med inriktning mot kognition. Resultaten i föreliggande studie kan inte generaliseras utan får ses som en inblick i afasiintervention ur ett historiskt perspektiv i Sverige.
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Annell, Marie, and Sarah Johansson. "Gruppaktiviteter för personer med afasi : En jämförelse mellan samtal där traditionella aktiviteter genomförs och där CIRCA används." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för klinisk och experimentell medicin, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-162857.
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Afasi innebär impressiva och expressiva språkliga svårigheter, vilket kan medföra svårigheter att vara delaktig i sociala sammanhang. Det är därför viktigt att hitta sätt att stödja kommunikationen för denna patientgrupp. CIRCA är en kommunikationsfrämjande webbtjänst, framtagen för personer med demens och deras vårdgivare. Då personer med afasi uppvisar liknande språkliga och kommunikativa svårigheter som personer med demenssjukdom, bör CIRCA även kunna användas som kommunikationsstöd för personer med afasi. Föreliggande studies syfte var att undersöka CIRCA som gruppaktivitet för personer med afasi, i relation till traditionella gruppaktiviteter. Fem deltagare med afasi rekryterades. Datainsamlingen bestod av fyra samtal då CIRCA användes och fyra då traditionella aktiviteter genomfördes, där varje session pågick under ungefär 30 minuter. Samtalen videofilmades, transkriberades och analyserades utifrån en CA-inspirerad metod. I föreliggande studie valdes att analysera användningen av gester, skratt, kommunikativa hjälpbeteenden och nyttjande av materialet i aktiviteterna. Utvalda utdrag i studien bestod av vanligt förekommande samtalsfenomen som ansågs forma och karaktärisera samtalen under traditionella gruppaktiviteter och vid användning av CIRCA. Intervjuer genomfördes kring deltagarnas upplevelser av samtalen under de olika sessionerna. Utvalda samtalsfenomen i studien förekom ofta under samtliga samtal och fungerade som olika typer av interaktionella resurser. Det som framförallt utmärkte CIRCA som gruppaktivitet, i relation till de traditionella gruppaktiviteterna, var att både pekning och ikoniska gester nyttjades för att förmedla eller förtydliga ett budskap; att skratt fungerade som ett sätt att uttrycka ömsesidig förståelse kring materialet i webbtjänsten; att gissningar i samtal vid användning av CIRCA oftare lyckades som kommunikativt hjälpbeteende; samt att bilderna och musiken i CIRCA nyttjades som ett stöd för uttryck och förståelse i samtal. Samtliga deltagare var positiva till användandet av CIRCA.<br>Typical symptoms of aphasia such as comprehension problems and expressive language difficulties may affect the ability to take part in social contexts. Therefore, it is important to find ways to facilitate communication for people with aphasia. CIRCA is a communicationpromoting web service, designed for people with dementia and healthcare providers. Since people with aphasia show similar linguistic and communicative difficulties as people with dementia, it is possible that CIRCA would work as a communication support for people with aphasia as well. The aim of the present study was to investigate CIRCA as group activity for people with aphasia, in comparison to traditional group activities. Five participants with aphasia were recruited. The data collection involved four sessions with the use of CIRCA and four sessions where traditional activities were conducted, each session lasting for about 30 minutes. The sessions were videotaped, transcribed and analyzed according to methods inspired by Conversation Analysis, CA. The authors of this study chose to analyze the use of gestures, laughter, communication supporting behaviour and utilization of the available material in the various activities. The selected sections consisted of commonly used conversational phenomena that were considered to shape and characterize the conversations during traditional group activities, and when using CIRCA. Interviews about the participants' experiences of the conversations were conducted during the various activities. The selected conversational phenomena occurred frequently during all sessions as a type of interactive resources. What primarily characterized CIRCA as a group activity, in comparison to the traditional group activities, was that both pointing and iconic gestures were used to convey or clarify a message; that laughter served as a way of expressing mutual understanding about the material in CIRCA; that guesses in conversations when using CIRCA more often succeeded as communicative help behaviour; and that the images and music in CIRCA were used as a support for expression and understanding in conversation. All participants had a positive attitude toward the use of CIRCA.
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Cohen, Audrey Bretthauer. "Training and Application of Correct Information Unit Analysis to Structured and Unstructured Discourse." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2339.
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Correct Information Units (CIU) analysis is one of the few measures of discourse that attempts to quantify discourse as a function of communicating information efficiently. Though this analysis is used reliably as a research tool, most studies' apply CIUs to structured discourse tasks and do not specifically describe how raters are trained. If certified clinical speech-language pathologists can likewise reliably apply CIU analysis within clinical settings to unstructured discourse, such as the discourse of people with aphasia (PWA), it may allow clinicians to quantify the information communicated efficiently in clinical populations with discourse deficits. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine if using the outlined training module, clinicians are able to score CIUs with similar inter-rater reliability across both structured and unstructured discourse samples as researchers. Method: Four certified SLPs will undergo a two-hour training session in CIU analysis similar to that of a university research staffs' CIU training protocol. Each SLP will score CIUs in structured and unstructured language samples collected from individuals diagnosed with aphasia. The SLP' scores within the structured and unstructured discourse samples will be compared to those of a university research lab staffs'. This will determine (1) whether SLPs can reliably code CIUs when compared with research raters in a lab setting when both using the same two-hour CIU training and resources allotted; (2) whether there is a significant difference in reliability when structured and unstructured discourse is analyzed.
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Lindberg, Evelina, and Victoria Skoghag. "Evidensbaserad logopedisk intervention vid nedsatt hörförståelse hos personer med afasi : Ett systematiskt kunskapsunderlag." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Blom Johansson: Logopedi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-402964.
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Among Swedish speech and language pathologists there is a need for extended knowledge of existing treatment methods for aphasia. Currently, there is an ongoing process to develop clinical guidelines for aphasia rehabilitation. Therefore, a knowledge base is needed, including a description of existing treatment methods, their theoretical foundation and evidence base. The aim of the present study was to compose an evidence-based summation of treatment methods for auditory comprehension disorder in people with aphasia. A systematic literature search was conducted using the following databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, CINAHL and Speechbite. Additionally, several studies were found by manual searches. Twenty-three articles were chosen and assessed. A total of 13 different treatment methods were described. Most of the included studies had a poor quality and few participants. The majority of the treatment methods were found to have an insufficient evidence base, with the exception of CIAT and Hand-action observation treatment. They were found to have moderate and limited evidence. Most of the included studies have shown a significant improvement of auditory comprehension following speech and language therapy. Although, for speech and language pathologists to be able to choose a specific treatment method based on evidence, larger studies with higher quality will be needed.<br>Bland svenska logopeder finns behov av utökad kunskap om vilka specifika metoder som finns för behandling av afasi. För närvarande pågår ett arbete med att ta fram kliniska riktlinjer för afasi. Syftet med studien var att ta fram ett evidensbaserat kunskapsunderlag med en beskrivning av olika metoder för behandling av hörförståelse hos personer med afasi. Resultatet av den aktuella studien ämnas användas till arbetet med de kliniska riktlinjerna. En systematisk litteratursökning genomfördes i databaserna PubMed, PsycINFO, Cochrane Library, CINAHL samt Speechbite. Utöver detta handsöktes ytterligare artiklar. Sammanlagt 23 artiklar kvalitetsgranskades och evidensstyrkan för varje metod bedömdes enligt SBU:s beskrivning av GRADE-systemet. I kunskapsunderlaget presenteras sammanlagt 13 olika behandlingsmetoder för behandling av hörförståelse. De flesta av de ingående studierna hade en bristande studiekvalitet med lågt antal deltagare. Majoriteten av behandlingsmetoderna bedömdes ha otillräcklig evidens, med undantag för CIAT och Hand-action observation treatment som bedömdes ha måttlig respektive begränsad evidens. De ingående studierna har övervägande visat att logopedisk behandling ger ett signifikant förbättrat resultat på hörförståelse. Större behandlingsstudier med bättre kvalitet behövs dock för att kliniska logopeder ska kunna välja en behandlingsmetod framför en annan på en evidensbaserad grund.
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Morris, Julie. "Word deafness : a comparison of auditory and semantic treatments." Thesis, University of York, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242176.
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Villard, Sarah Noelle. "A comparison of two treatments for sentence comprehension deficits in aphasia." Thesis, Boston University, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12663.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Boston University<br>Background: Several types of assessment measures have been used to examine sentence comprehension deficits in individuals with aphasia, including Sentence-to-Picture Matching (SPM) and Object Manipulation (OM). Each of these assessment tasks was adapted into a corresponding treatment method by Kiran et al. (2012). One focus of the current study was to compare the SPM treatment method to the OM treatment method. An additional goal was to investigate the cognitive and linguistic demands of each of these tasks, as well as how these demands may be altered when the tasks are adapted as treatment methods and used intensively with patients during therapy over a period of weeks.
Data Analysis: Participants in Kiran et al.'s study were assigned to receive language therapy focusing on one of four syntactic structures and were assigned to one of two treatment groups (SPM or OM). The current study examined participant improvement on sentence comprehension screening batteries from pre- to post-treatment, paying particular attention to the respective gains made by participants in the SPM treatment group vs. the OM treatment group. [TRUNCATED]
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Tsoi, Kong-yin. "Efficacy of a thematic mapping treatment on Cantonese-speaking aphasic patients." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36208449.
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Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 2002.<br>"A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, May 10, 2002." Also available in print.
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Del, Toro Christina M. "Changes in grammatical aspects of aphasic discourse after contrasting treatments." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0014334.
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Lendrem, Wendy. "Clinical decision analysis and the selection of aphasic patients for active treatment." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387357.
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Yau, Yee-shan Monna. "An anomia treatment using orthographic-phonological cue and phonological priming in a Cantonese aphasic patient." Click to view the E-thesis via HKU Scholars Hub, 2007. http://lookup.lib.hku.hk/lookup/bib/B4200620X.
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Thesis (B.Sc)--University of Hong Kong, 2007.<br>"A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, June 30, 2007." Includes bibliographical references (p. 27-30). Also available in print.
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龔曉梅. "A program evaluation of the aphasia group treatment." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90938487638600652264.
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碩士<br>國立高雄師範大學<br>聽力學與語言治療研究所<br>104<br>Aphasic patients have language difficulties, but clinical speech-language therapists frequently use individual therapy, rather than group therapy in treatment sessions for patients with aphasia. The purpose of this study was to design a group treatment program for aphasia patients and to understand its impact on aphasic participants’ language abilities. The participants were five adults with chronic non-fluent aphasia. The group treatment program consisted of two 3-hour sessions per week for 20 weeks, with each participant receiving 120 hours of group treatment.
Five data-gathering tools were used to assess the effectiveness of group treatment: the Concise Chinese Aphasia Test (CCAT), the aphasia group conversational competence rating scale (AGCCRS), the functional communication activities scale (FCAS), the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire - Taiwan Concise Edition (WHOQLQ), and a satisfaction questionnaire. In our results, the CCAT and WHOQLQ showed no significant changes. However, the AGCCRS showed a significant increase in conversational abilities. The FCAS also showed a significant increase in the social communication field. Overall, all participants reported being very satisfied with the treatment. In addition, the satisfaction of their families was also high. The results of this study found that the group treatment program can contribute to increased group conversation and social communication competence for adult patients with chronic aphasia.
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Shiu, You-sheng, and 徐有盛. "Speech Recognition for Aphasia Treatment Based on OpenEars." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64266535606507881740.
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碩士<br>國立中山大學<br>資訊管理學系研究所<br>101<br>In Taiwan, there are thousands of aphasic patients who need professional rehabilitation service. The shortage of therapists causes two problems: 1) not all patients can make clinic appointment at the desired time and 2) the average length of rehabilitation session is reduced. These patients need a way to satisfy the need and improve the quality of aphasic treatment.
Dephasia is a computer system for aphasic rehabilitation based on Web and iPad. In this thesis, we proposed a way to provide real-time evaluation for Chinese speech input in aphasic treatment on the client-side for two types of questions, namely repeating sentence and naming practice. This extension is based on OpenEars, a free shared-source SDK for iPhone Voice Recognition and text to speech. We propose some designs and modification to adapt the system to aphasic treatment.
We evaluate our proposed approach using 156 samples from 10 different patients. The evaluation is based on accuracy and efficiency running on iPad2, iPad4 and MBP. The result shows that for ordinary recordings, the Pearson correlation between scores given by proposed solution and the therapists could reach up to 0.59, and the recognition time is within 5 seconds. The result shows that it is possible to apply speech recognition to speech therapy to provide real-time feedback on client-side.
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Stahl, Benjamin. "Music and Social Interaction in the Treatment of Post-Stroke Aphasia." 2021. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A76042.
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Cerebrovascular disease is a leading cause of disability and death worldwide, with about one third of stroke survivors initially suffering from communication disorders, including aphasia. Symptoms in aphasia vary from person to person, ranging from repeated failures in verbal expression to comprehension deficits that may occur in both the spoken and written modality. The current work synthesizes almost a decade of research on aphasia following left-hemispheric stroke in individuals with preserved right-hemispheric function: musical skills and formulaic expressions embedded in social interaction. Moving beyond the traditional scope of clinical linguistics, this work argues that preserved right-hemispheric function not only provides valuable resources in speech-language therapy, but also a possible foundation for psychotherapy in individuals with post-stroke aphasia and concomitant depression. An integrative summary introduces key developments in a line of research spanning from 2013 to 2021, to conclude with an outlook on forthcoming contributions and a commentary on the underlying conceptual framework. Each separate piece of research has been published previously in peer-reviewed journals. Here, the selected studies are assembled in an interdisciplinary context at the intersection of clinical neuroscience, speech-language pathology, and psychotherapy.
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Powers, Heather M. "Treatment outcomes following script training for two women with Broca's aphasia." 2004. http://etd.utk.edu/2004/PowersHeather.pdf.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 2004.<br>Title from title page screen (viewed May 17, 2004). Thesis advisor: Maria L. Muñoz. Document formatted into pages (vii, 67 p. : ill. (some col.)). Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 58-62).
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HAN, JING, and 韓菁. "Phonological Cueing Hierarchy Treatment of Naming in Patients with Aphasia: Effects of Generalization and Treatment Intensity." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/a6qjc8.
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碩士<br>國立高雄師範大學<br>特殊教育學系<br>106<br>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of phonological cueing hierarchy treatment in picture naming performance of stroke patients with aphasia. Participants were 10 stroke patients with aphasia, who named two sets of pictures over 14 sessions. For the first set of the pictures, the 14 sessions were composed of a baseline phase (sessions 1~3), intervention phase (sessions 4~7), withdrawal phase (sessions 8~11), and retention phase (sessions 12~14). For the second set of the pictures, the 14 sessions were composed of a baseline phase (sessions 1~3), non-intervention observation phase (sessions 4~7), intervention phase (sessions 8~11), and retention phase (sessions 12~14). All participants went through the same test procedures and received the same intervention, except for 2 participants whose intervention intervals were shorter than the others (thus high treatment intensity). The results showed positive effects phonological cueing hierarchy treatment in facilitating naming performance. In addition, there was a general effect of retention according to group performance, although individual differences in the degrees of retention were also observed. Interestingly, we also found that the effects of phonological cueing hierarchy intervention are not limited to trained words, but also generalized to untrained words. Finally, patients who received high-intensity intervention differed significantly in performance, with one patient performing better than the other. Overall, the performance of the two patients did not appear to be better than those who received low-intensity intervention as have been suggested in the literature.
Keywords: aphasia, word retrieval difficulty, phonological cueing hierarchy treatment，generalization，treatment intensity
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Edmonds, Lisa Anna Marie. "The effects of verb network strengthening treatment on sentence production in individuals with aphasia." 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/9667.
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Some persons with aphasia exhibit a selective verb deficit, which results in a reduced ability to produce verbs in most contexts. A functional level (Bock & Levelt, 1994) impairment may result in impaired sentence production because the verb serves as the semantic-syntactic interface of a sentence. This interface is related to a verb’s relationship with its arguments/thematics. Arguments fill the syntactic slots of subject and object, and those same words serve as thematic roles by referring to who does what to whom. The current study investigates the effect of Verb Network Strengthening Treatment (VNeST) on sentence production using a single subject experimental design across subjects in 4 participants, 2 with nonfluent aphasia and 2 with fluent aphasia. Participants received semantic treatment aimed at re-strengthening the connections between a verb (e.g., measure) and related thematic pairs that refer to the doer and receiver of the action (e.g., carpenter/lumber, chef/sugar). The ability to produce thematic role pairs for trained verbs was tested during treatment while generalization to the ability to produce sentences containing a subject, verb, and object in a picture description task with trained verbs (e.g., The carpenter is measuring the stairs.) and semantically related untrained verbs (e.g., The nurse is weighing the baby.) was monitored. In addition, pre- and post-treatment single word retrieval of verbs (The Northwestern Verb Production Battery (NVPB) (Thompson, 2002)) and nouns (The Boston Naming Test (Goodglass & Kaplan, 1983)) was examined as well as sentence production abilities in unrelated picture description (NVPB) and constrained connected speech tasks. All participants met treatment criteria and exhibited generalization to sentence production with sentences containing trained and semantically related untrained verbs. Participants 1, 2, and 3 exhibited improvements on all pre- and post-treatment measures, including connected speech. Participant 4 exhibited gains on multiple measures but did not show improvement in connected speech. These findings indicate that treatment aimed at strengthening the verb network results in improved word retrieval in naming and sentence production across multiple tasks. Theoretical and clinical implications regarding the impact of using VNeST on rehabilitation of sentence production deficits in aphasia are discussed.<br>text
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CHEN, YI-HUEI, and 陳怡蕙. "Effects of Modified Semantic Feature Analysis Treatment on Anomia of Mandarin Chinese Aphasia." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4h2uu2.
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碩士<br>國立臺北護理健康大學<br>語言治療與聽力研究所<br>105<br>This study aims to investigate the effect of a modified semantic feature analysis for aphasic patients. Semantic feature analysis (SFA) has been an effective therapeutic approach for naming problems. Typical features include grouping, function, property, action, association and location features were used in SFA to improve one’s confrontation naming skills. Recently some researchers suggested that less feature as compared to the traditional 6 features were also effectives for improving the anomic problem. In this regard, our study modified the SFA therapeutic approach into 4 features, including grouping, function, property, and association features to investigate the effectiveness using less features for confrontation naming.
A forty six year old female Mandarin Chinese Aphasic patient with anomia was recruited to our study. A 50 minute session was implemented. Patient received therapy twice a week for 6 weeks. A single-subject A-B-M design was used across three different phases including the baseline phase (A), intervention phase (B), and maintaining phase (M). Data were collected and analyzed via visual analysis and C statistics. Results show that improvement for intervention phase and maintaining phase were demonstrated for both the treated items and untreated items. Modified SFA using grouping, function, property and association features can provide ample support for our patient with anomic problems.