Journal articles: 'API 653'

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Satiawan, Budi, and Tanjung Rahayu Raswitaningrum. "EVALUASI PENURUNAN PONDASI TANGKI MINYAK SESUAI API 653." Konstruksia 11, no. 2 (July 10, 2020): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.24853/jk.11.2.127-133.

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Lapangan pengolahan minyak dan gas menyimpan banyak fasilitas peralatan berupa tangki pelat baja yang melayani penyimpanan fluida diantaranya berupa minyak. Beberapa masalah yang mungkin terjadi pada tangki yang telah beroperasi sekian lama adalah penurunan pada pondasi. Suatu tangki yang telah beroperasi sekitar 20 tahun terindikasi secara visual telah mengalami kemiringan. Indikasi awal terhadap kemiringan tersebut adalah telah terjadinya penurunan tidak seragam (differential settlement) pada pondasi tangki. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah tangki tersebut masih dapat digunakan dan dalam kondisi aman untuk dioperasikan atau memerlukan perbaikan. Penelitian ini akan mengevaluasi penurunan yang terjadi pada tangki tersebut sesuai metode analisis pada American Petroleum Institute (API) 653. API 653, Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Reconstruction, fifth edition memberikan rekomendasi metoda untuk melakukan evaluasi terhadap penurunan tanah (settlement). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penurunan tangki di beberapa titik telah melebih batas penurunan maksimum sehingga diperlukan adanya perbaikan lebih lanjut.

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M., Ananda, Sabitha Nair, and Mainak H. "ARINC 653 API and its application – An insight into Avionics System Case Study." Defence Science Journal 63, no. 2 (March 23, 2013): 223–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.63.4268.

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Kholis, Ikhsan. "Analisa Corrosion Rate dan Remaining Life Pada Storage Tank T-XYZ Berdasarkan API 653 di Kilang PPSDM Migas." Jurnal Nasional Pengelolaan Energi MigasZoom 2, no. 2 (December 5, 2020): 21–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37525/mz/2020-2/259.

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Salah satu peralatan yang banyak terdapat dalam industri migas adalah tangki penimbun. Keberadaan tangki penimbun sangat vital pada produksi industri perminyakan. Sering terjadi kecelakaan yang menimpa tangki timbun dalam industri migas yang menimbulkan kerugian besar. Pada tulisan ini dibahas tentang corrosion rate dan remaining life pada aboveground existing fixed cone roof tank dalam kondisi in-service dengan API Std 653 sebagai standar acuan.

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Kala, Zdeněk, Jakub Gottvald, Jakub Stoniš, and Abayomi Omishore. "SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF THE STRESS STATE IN SHELL COURSES OF WELDED TANKS FOR OIL STORAGE." Engineering Structures and Technologies 6, no. 1 (September 29, 2014): 7–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/2029882x.2014.957899.

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The paper deals with the analysis of reliability and safety of a welded tank for the storage of oil, which is located in the Czech Republic. The oil tank has a capacity of 125 thousand cubic meters. It is one of the largest tanks of its kind in the world. Safety is ensured by a steel outer intercepting shell and a double bottom. The tank was modelled in the programme ANSYS. The computational model was developed using the finite element method – elements SHELL181. A nonlinear contact problem was analysed for the simulation of the interaction between the bottom plate and foundation. The normative approach in design and check of tanks according to standards API 650, ČSN EN 14015, EEMUA 159 and API 653 is mentioned. The dominant loading of the filled tank is from oil. The normative solution is based on the shell theory, which considers constant wall thickness. For real tanks sheet thicknesses of individual courses increase with increasing depth. Stochastic sensitivity analysis was used to study the effect of the variability of the thickness of the ith course on the stress of adjacent courses. The Latin Hypercube Sampling method was implemented during analysis.

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Gruchenkova, Alesya, Aleksandr Tarasenko, and Petr Chepur. "Modeling of storage tank settlement based on the United States standards." MATEC Web of Conferences 143 (2018): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814301008.

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Up to 60% of storage tanks in operation have uneven settlement of the outer bottom contour, which often leads to accidents. Russian and foreign regulatory documents have different requirements for strain limits of metal structures. There is an increasing need for harmonizing regulatory documents. The aim of this study is to theoretically justify and to assess the possibility of applying the U.S. standards for specifying the allowable settlement of storage tanks used in Russia. The allowable uneven settlement was calculated for a vertical steel tank (VST-20000) according to API-653, a standard of the American Petroleum Institute. The calculated allowable settlement levels were compared with those established by Russian standards. Based on the finite element method, the uneven settlement development process of a storage tank was modeled. Stress-strain state parameters of tank structures were obtained at the critical levels established in API-653. Relationships of maximum equivalent stresses in VST metal structures to the vertical settlement component for settlement zones of 6 to 72 m in length were determined. When the uneven settlement zone is 6 m in length, the limit state is found to be caused by 30-mm vertical settlement, while stresses in the wall exceed 330 MPa. When the uneven settlement zone is 36 m in length, stresses reach the yield point only at 100-mm vertical settlement.

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Naranjo-Flores, Milton G., Lenin S. Orozco-Cantos, Santiago A. López-Ortiz, Milton I. Quinga-Morales, Edwin F. Viteri-Núñez, and Gloria E. Miño Cascante. "Proyecto de diseño de un Plan de Mantenimiento de tanques de almacenamiento: Techo de domo geodésico." Polo del Conocimiento 3, no. 5 (May 4, 2018): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.23857/pc.v3i5.491.

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<p style="text-align: justify;">Este artículo plantea un plan de mantenimiento acorde a las nuevas tecnologías de mantenimiento y que se correspondan con los nuevos tipos de tanques de techo de domo geodésico, que se instalan como parte de la modernización de la planta ubicada en la Refinería Estatal Esmeraldas. Para este proyecto se tomó como referencia la norma API 653, considerando las normas encontradas y analizadas como es RP 579, Std 620, Std 650 RP 651, RP 652, Std 2000, RP 2003, STD 2015, RP 2016, Publ 2201, RP 2207, Publ 2217A, ASME 1, SNT-TC-1A, ASTM3, D1, STD 2610. El análisis de los resultados, permitió obtener un plan de mantenimiento preventivo detallado en actividades, personal, tiempo y frecuencias de realización con costos aproximados a la actualidad de personal, equipos y materiales que se utilizaran en cada una de las actividades de mantenimiento, calculado para toda la vida útil del tanque, para realizar un diagnóstico preventivo para evitar o disminuir daños a largo y corto plazo, en base a sus necesidades y condiciones de operación. Entre sus conclusiones, se propone la necesidad de insertar el plan de mantenimiento de forma integral en la empresa, gestionando la utilización de las tablas de actividades que contienen, frecuencia de tiempo, personal, herramientas, materiales y equipos, el mismo que proporciona la seguridad y calidad para el desarrollo y mejoramiento de sus tanques.</p>

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Wisnugroho, Joko, and Sutomo. "Numerical Study of Oil Storage Tanks during Planar Settlement." Applied Mechanics and Materials 878 (February 2018): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.878.95.

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Inspection and maintenance are necessary to maintain the continuity of critical equipment operations such as oil storage tank. The criteria for the various types of settlement specified in American Petroleum Institute (API) 653. However, the criteria for planar settlement could not be determined. In this paper, a finite element model is developed to study the hoop stress of the tank during planar settlement. In this paper, 384 finite element models were built in order to predict the most effective allowable planar settlement at oil storage tanks. Each model is variation of the tank size, shell plate thickness, seismic zone and planar tilt of the tank. Based on size of tank population in Pertamina, 8 of standard tank size from 500-10.000 m3 were simulated. The simulation results are validated by case study in 500-5.000 m3 full scale oil storage tank. From the results, equation for criteria of planar settlement has been created.

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Yoshida, Shoichi. "Behavior of Localized Bottom Bulge in Aboveground Oil Storage Tanks Under Liquid Pressure." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 124, no. 1 (August 31, 2001): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1426406.

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The bottom plate of aboveground oil storage tanks can bulge, separating from the foundation due to welding deformation. When such a bulge is subjected to liquid pressure, it deforms continuously to make contact with the foundation from the edge, and the remaining area of the bulge decreases with increasing liquid pressure. As a result, the deformation is extremely localized and plastic strain occurs at the bulge. This paper presents a plane strain finite element analysis for the evaluation of localized bottom bulges in aboveground oil storage tanks. Load-incremental, elastic-plastic large deformation analysis is carried out considering the bottom plate contact with the foundation. The relationship of the plastic strain at the bulged bottom plate to the liquid pressure is discussed together with the deformation of the bulge. As a result, the bottom plate thickness has a significant effect on the deformation, but the bulged height does not. After the bulged center makes contact with the foundation, the stress and strain do not increase with increasing liquid pressure. In addition, the permissible bulged profile specified by API Standard 653 elastically deforms to make contact with the foundation under low liquid pressure.

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Zickler, Michael. "SPCC INSPECTION RESULTS IN IMPROVED CORROSION PROTECTION AT MAJOR REFINERY." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 2005, no. 1 (May 1, 2005): 135–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-2005-1-135.

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ABSTRACT EPA Region 3 conducted an SPCC/FRP inspection in late 1997 by at a major east coast refinery, situated along Curtis Bay in Baltimore MD. Curtis Bay drains into the Chesapeake Bay and a release from the site could severely impact a sensitive ecological area. During the inspection, the inspectors observed evidence of deterioration in the concrete foundations of several of the tanks. A Notice of Non-Compliance was sent to the company outlining deficiencies noted during the inspection and from the SPCC plan review. The company addressed the SPCC plan deficiencies but failed to address issues regarding the tank foundations, periodic integrity testing and protection of buried piping. An Administrative Complaint was issued under Section 311 of the CWA. The company denied the allegations and asked for an administrative hearing. An Alternate Dispute Resolution (ADR) process was arranged. One result of the ADR was that the Facility agreed to further assess the cathodic protection system and soil corrosivity, and to evaluate the foundations of five of the ASTs. Simultaneously, EPA arranged for an expert to provide technical consulting support in the area of American Petroleum Institute (API) 653 inspections and compliance procedures. When the company submitted the results of their API inspection, they indicated that the ASTs were safe and calculated the remaining service life to exceed the 20 year inspection interval requirement. They proposed the next inspection interval to be the maximum of 20 years. EPA's consultant was able to demonstrate that the company had made incorrect assumptions about the as-built tank foundation design. This resulted in incorrect calculations regarding the degree of existing cathodic protection. As a result, EPA prevailed in recalculating a service life/internal inspection interval of 4.58 years and requiring some additional corrective measures to be taken at the facility. The result of EPA's action is that the ASTs located at the site will be operated with a higher degree of safety and environmental protection.

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Lengsfeld, Manfred, Ken Bardia, Jaan Taagepera, Kanajett Hathaitham, Donald La Bounty, and Mark Lengsfeld. "Analysis of Loads for Nozzles in API 650 Tanks." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 129, no. 3 (September 27, 2006): 474–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2748829.

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The analysis of tank nozzles for API 650, (American Petroleum Institute, 1998, API Standard 650, 10th ed.) tanks is a complex problem. Appendix P of API 650 provides a method for determining the allowable external loads on tank shell openings. The method in Appendix P is based on two papers, one by Billimoria and Hagstrom, 1997, ASME Paper No. 77-PVP-19 and the other by Billimoria and Tam 1980, ASME Paper No. 80-C2/PVP-5. Although Appendix P is optional, the industry has used it for a number of years for large diameter tanks. For tanks less than 120feet(33.6m) in diameter this Appendix is not applicable. In previously published papers, the authors used finite element analysis (FEA) to verify the experimental results reported by Billimoria and Tam for low-type nozzles. The analysis showed the variance between stiffness coefficients and stresses obtained by FEA and API 650 methods for tanks. In this paper, the authors have expanded the scope to include almost any size of nozzle as well as tank size. Stress factors for nozzles at different elevations on the shell are provided. Nozzles located away from a discontinuity are analyzed based on the method provided by the Welding Research Council (WRC), New York, Bulletin No. 297, 1987. Stress reduction factors have been developed using FEA for nozzles located closer to a discontinuity. Mathematical equations are provided together with the curves for the stress factors. The results of this paper have been incorporated into Appendix P of API 650 with the Addendum 3 of the 10th edition which was issued in 2003.

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Lu, Z., D. V. Swenson, and D. L. Fenton. "Frangible Roof Joint Behavior of Cylindrical Oil Storage Tanks Designed to API 650 Rules." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 118, no. 3 (August 1, 1996): 326–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2842195.

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This paper presents the results of an investigation into the frangible joint behavior of tanks designed to API 650 rules. In such tanks, the roof-to-shell joint is intended to fail in the event of overpressurization, venting the tank and containing any remaining fluid. The reasoning behind present API design formulas is reviewed. Combustion analyses, structural analyses, and the results of testing are presented. Results show that higher pressures are reached before frangible joint failure than predicted by the present API 650 calculation. One consequence is that (for empty tanks) uplift of the bottom can be expected to occur more frequently than predicted using API 650. However, uplift does not necessarily mean bottom failure. Instead, the relative strength of the shell-to-bottom and roof-to-shell joints will determine failure. This ratio is larger for larger tanks. Recommendations are made as to possible changes in the design approach of API 650.

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Ryder, Alan G. "Quantitative Analysis of Crude Oils by Fluorescence Lifetime and Steady State Measurements Using 380-nm Excitation." Applied Spectroscopy 56, no. 1 (January 2002): 107–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702021954287.

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Fluorescence emission and lifetime spectroscopy using 380-nm excitation have been successfully applied to the determination of API gravity and aromatic concentration of crude petroleum oils. Twelve crude oils from the North Sea with American Petroleum Institute (API) gravities of between 20 and 50 were analyzed; emission spectra were obtained with a standard fluorometer and the lifetime data with a pulsed ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV-LED) coupled to a fluorescence lifetime system assembled in-house. A strong correlation between API gravity and the ratio of the fluorescence intensities recorded at 650 nm and 450 nm yielded a partial least-squares (PLS) regression model with an accurcy of ±4.6 °API; using the fluorescence intensity ratio at 650 nm and 550 nm gave an accuracy of ±5.8 °API. The average fluorescence lifetimes (τ̄) of the oils ranged from 1.9 to 18.6 ns, with τ̄ first increasing and then decreasing as the emission wavelength increased. These effects are due to the interplay between energy transfer and the quenching processes, which are governed by oil composition. A strong linear correlation was found between the ratio of the fluorescence lifetime measured at 650 nm and 550 nm and the aromatic concentration. A PLS regression model using this ratio had an accuracy of ±4% for aromatic concentration. Combining the fluorescence intensity with the lifetime measurements at 550 nm and 650 nm provides a rapid, quantitative, non-contact, nondestructive method of oil characterization.

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Tan, Yong Nian, Chung Leng Wong, and Abdul Rahman Mohamed. "Hydrothermal treatment of fluorinated titanium dioxide: photocatalytic degradation of phenol." Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering 7, no. 6 (December 27, 2011): 877–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apj.653.

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Liu, Jiaolei, Hongmei Zhang, Xin Li, Lin Wang, Huining Yu, Jiaohong Huang, Qingjun Liu, Chao Wang, and Aili Jiang. "Diagnostic and prognostic significance of aberrant miR-652-3p levels in patients with acute decompensated heart failure and acute kidney injury." Journal of International Medical Research 48, no. 11 (November 2020): 030006052096782. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060520967829.

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Objective This study aimed to examine a novel microRNA (miR-652-3p) biomarker to improve early diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) and to evaluate the survival predictive value of miR-652-3p. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data of 196 patients with ADHF, including 65 who developed AKI during hospitalization. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels were measured in serum and urine samples. Real-time quantitative PCR was applied to evaluate miR-652-3p mRNA expression. The diagnostic performance of miR-652-3p was examined using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The prognostic value of miR-652-3p was also analyzed. Results Serum and urinary NGAL and miR-652-3p levels were elevated in patients with ADHF and AKI. Serum and urinary miR-652-3p expression had diagnostic value in predicting AKI onset in patients with ADHF, and it had improved diagnostic performance when used with NGAL. Patients with AKI and high miR-652-3p levels had a high failure rate of renal recovery and poor 180-day survival. Conclusion Serum and urinary miR-652-3p may be a candidate biomarker for early diagnosis of AKI in patients with ADHF and for predicting the prognosis of AKI. The combination of NGAL and miR-652-3p may accurately predict AKI onset in ADHF.

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Apple, Fred S., Andrew J. Maturen, Richard E. Mullins, Pennell C. Painter, Melissa S. Pessin-Minsley, Robert A. Webster, Jennifer Spray Flores, et al. "Multicenter Clinical and Analytical Evaluation of the AxSYM Troponin-I Immunoassay to Assist in the Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction." Clinical Chemistry 45, no. 2 (February 1, 1999): 206–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/45.2.206.

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Abstract We evaluated the AxSYM troponin I (cTnI) immunoassay for assisting in the detection of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). At four sites, the total imprecision (CV) over 20 days was 6.3–10.2%. The minimum detectable concentration was 0.14 ± 0.05 μg/L. Comparison of cTnI measurements between the AxSYM and Stratus (n = 406) over the dynamic range of the AxSYM assay demonstrated good correlation, r = 0.881, with a proportional bias: AxSYM cTnI = 3.50(Stratus cTnI) − 1.10. The confidence intervals (95%) for the slope and intercept were 3.39–3.64 and −1.32 to −0.95, respectively. The expected cTnI concentration in healthy individuals was ≤0.5 μg/L, whereas the ROC curve-determined cutoff for AMI was 2.0 μg/L. This gave a diagnostic sensitivity of 91.8% and specificity of 92.4% when tested in serial samples collected within 24 h of admission in 633 patients presenting with chest pain, of which 122 had an AMI. The concordances of the AxSYM cTnI with the Stratus cTnI, OPUS cTnI, and Access cTnI were 95.3%, 95.1%, and 94.3%, respectively, from patients with suspected AMI. The AxSYM cTnI demonstrated excellent clinical specificity, ≥96%, in skeletal muscle injury, chronic renal disease, and same-day noncardiac surgery patients.

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Chao, Kuo-Kuang, Chen-Ching Chao, and Wei-Liang Chao. "Evaluation of Colilert-18 for Detection of Coliforms and Eschericha coli in Subtropical Freshwater." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 2 (February 2004): 1242–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.2.1242-1244.2004.

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ABSTRACT The accuracy of Colilert-18 as a test for coliforms and Escherichia coli in subtropical freshwater was evaluated by using API 20E strips and fatty acid methyl ester analysis. The false-positive and -negative rates of detection were 7.4 and 3.5%, respectively, for E. coli and 9.6 and 6.3%, respectively, for coliforms.

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Marsham, A. "The Pact (amana) between Mulhringawiya ibn Abi Sufyan and lhringAmr ibn al-lhringAs (656 or 658 CE): 'Documents' and the Islamic Historical Tradition." Journal of Semitic Studies 57, no. 1 (March 20, 2012): 69–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jss/fgr034.

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Hermawan, Hana, and Winda Wulandari. "Review dan Analisis Degister Tank dengan fluida POME Berdasarkan API 650 Menggunakan Variable Design Point Method." Jurnal Teknik Mesin Indonesia 15, no. 1 (April 8, 2020): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.36289/jtmi.v15i1.138.

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POME merupakan produk samping dari produksi minyak kelapa sawit dengan rasio terkandung dalam kelapa sawit 58.3%. POME dapat dimanfaatkan untuk dijadikan biogas dengan teknologi pengolahan proses anaerobic menggunakan tanki berpengaduk/Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan review dan analisis digester tank dengan fluida POME berdasarkan standard American Petroleum Institute yaitu API 650: Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage menggunakan variable design point method untuk menentukan ketebalan minimum pada setiap shell tergantung pada kedalamannya, sehingga setiap shell dapat memiliki ketebalan yang berbeda sehingga dapat memperkecil volume material dan biaya.Kemudian dilakukan simulasi dengan metode elemen hingga dengan beban dari tekanan hidrostatik yang menghasilkan tegangan maksimum 154.88 MPa, serta deformasi maksimum 5 mm dan beban dari gaya angin yang menghasilkan tegangan maksimum 1.31 MPa, serta deformasi maksimum 0.5 mm, lalu dibandingkan dengan sifat mekanik material bahwa yield strength terjadi pada tegangan 250-395 MPa sehingga tebal shell hasil perhitungan adalah aman. Kemudian dibandingkan ketebalan minimum hasil perhitungan dengan desain konstruksi yang hasilnya adalah desain konstruksi memiliki tebal yang lebih besar dari perhitungan tebal minimum sehingga desain konstruksi yang akan dipakai adalah aman.

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Stolten, Michael D., Elisa M. Ledet, Jeffrey R. Guccione, Allison H. Feibus, Brian E. Lewis, Jonathan L. Silberstein, and A. Oliver Sartor. "Evaluating abiraterone responses in African Americans with metastatic CRPC." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 2_suppl (January 10, 2016): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.2_suppl.244.

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244 Background: A disparity between African American (AA) and other racial groups is documented in prostate cancer incidence and mortality. For metastatic CRPC, abiraterone (Abi) showed improvement in overall survival and gained FDA approval. However, Phase III trials enrolled mostly Caucasian (CA) patients. Documentation of Abi response rates in AA men is scant. Further characterization of Abi responses in AA men was the objective of this study. Methods: Age at diagnosis, prior enzalutamide (Enza) and/or docetaxel (Doc), and duration of Abi treatment were assessed. Baseline values at Abi initiation for alkaline phosphatase (ALP), hemoglobin (Hgb), and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were recorded. PSA values at baseline and throughout treatment were also logged. The velocity of PSA decline was determined by the PSA half-life (PSAHL) based on time to nadir. PCWG2 criteria were used to define PSA response and progression. Results: This was a single institution, retrospective cohort of 103 patients with mCRPC treated with Abi (n = 24 AA; n = 79 CA). Median age at diagnosis was 61.8 years and 62.4 years for AA and CA respectively. Prior Enza/Doc was 4.2%/33.3% for AA and 6.3%/29.1% for CA. Median duration of Abi therapy in AA was 207 days and 253 days for CA; neither median age or duration were statistically distinct. Median AA baseline ALP, Hgb, LDH, and PSA was 136 (range (r) = 59-653), 11.8 (r = 8.9-15.4), 256 (r = 157-401), and 59.9 (r = 4.8-1658) respectively. Median CA baseline ALP, Hgb, LDH, and PSA were 88 (r = 51-1600), 12.4 (r = 8.4-15.0), 204 (r = 100-528), and 40.6 (r = 2.5-2890) respectively. The difference in baseline lab values between AA and CA were insignificant. No statistical difference was seen in median PSAHL (AA = 55 days; CA = 64 days), or PSA decline of > 30% (AA = 50%; CA = 52%), > 50% (AA = 46%; CA = 39%), or > 90% (AA = 21%; CA = 14%). Finally, neither the median time to nadir (AA = 119 days; CA = 137 days) or progression (AA = 157 days; CA = 131 days) were significantly different. Conclusions: Comparison between AA men and CA men in mCRPC patients being treated with Abi showed no statistical difference in response rates, duration of response, or time to progression. Prospective, multi-institutional studies are needed to further assess these findings.

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Xu, Hua, Xin Yu, Bin Wang, Huihong Zhang, Jiafu Li, Hongmei Gao, and Yongqiang Wang. "The clinical significance of the SIRT2 expression level in the early stage of sepsis patients." Annals of Palliative Medicine 9, no. 4 (July 2020): 1413–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21037/apm-19-653.

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Aljefri, Doaa M., Sean N. Avedissian, Nathaniel J. Rhodes, Michael J. Postelnick, Kevin Nguyen, and Marc H. Scheetz. "Vancomycin Area Under the Curve and Acute Kidney Injury: A Meta-analysis." Clinical Infectious Diseases 69, no. 11 (February 1, 2019): 1881–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciz051.

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Abstract Background This study analyzed the relationship between vancomycin area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) and acute kidney injury (AKI) reported across recent studies. Methods A systematic review of PubMed, Medline, Scopus, and compiled references was conducted. We included randomized cohort and case-control studies that reported vancomycin AUCs and risk of AKI (from 1990 to 2018). The primary outcome was AKI, defined as an increase in serum creatinine of ≥0.5 mg/L or a 50% increase from baseline on ≥2 consecutive measurements. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Primary analyses compared the impact of AUC cutpoint (greater than ~650 mg × hour/L) and AKI. Additional analysis compared AUC vs trough-guided monitoring on AKI incidence. Results Eight observational studies met inclusion/exclusion criteria with data for 2491 patients. Five studies reported first-24-hour AUCs (AUC0-24) and AKI, 2 studies reported 24- to 48-hour AUCs (AUC24-48) and AKI, and 2 studies reported AKI associated with AUC- vs trough-guided monitoring. AUC less than approximately 650 mg × hour/L was associated with decreased AKI for AUC0-24 (OR, 0.36 [95% CI, .23–.56]) as well as AUC24-48 (OR, 0.45 [95% CI, .27–.75]). AKI associated with the AUC monitoring strategy was significantly lower than trough-guided monitoring (OR, 0.68 [95% CI, .46–.99]). Conclusions AUCs measured in the first or second 24 hours and lower than approximately 650 mg × hour/L may result in a decreased risk of AKI. Vancomycin AUC monitoring strategy may result in less vancomycin-associated AKI. Additional investigations are warranted.

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Mahardhika, Pekik, and Ayu Ratnasari. "Perancangan Tangki Stainless Steel untuk Penyimpanan Minyak Kelapa Murni Kapasitas 75 m3." Jurnal Teknologi Rekayasa 3, no. 1 (June 20, 2018): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31544/jtera.v3.i1.2018.39-46.

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Tangki merupakan wadah penyimpanan yang sering dipakai di berbagai industriseperti petrokimia, pengilangan, dan perminyakan. Tangki penyimpanan tidak hanya menjadi tempat penyimpanan untuk produk dan bahan baku tetapi juga menjaga kelancaran ketersediaan produk dan bahan baku. Selain itu, tangki juga dapat menjaga produk atau bahan baku dari kontaminan. Minyak kelapa murni adalah minyak yang dibuat dari bahan baku kelapa segar. Minyak kelapa murni memiliki daya simpan lebih dari 12 bulan sehingga diperlukan tangki penyimpanan yang memadai demi menjaga produk dari kontaminasi. ASTM 304, ASTM 316L, dan S32304 merupakan stainless steel yang digunakan untuk material plat tangki penyimpanan minyak kelapa murni. Stainless steel merupakan baja tahan korosi sehingga diharapkan dapat menjaga kualitas produk minyak kelapa murni. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang tangki penyimpanan minyak kelapa murni menggunakan stainless steel. Tangki penyimpanan dirancang memiliki kapasitas 75 m3. Tangki dirancang dengan membandingkan antara API 650 dengan BS 2654. Hasil perhitungan didapatkan ketebalan plat shell aktual 6 mm, ketebalan plat dasar aktual 6 mm, ketebalan plat dasar annular aktual 8 mm, dan ketebalan atap aktual 6 mm. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan, tegangan pada tangki masih memenuhi syarat karena tegangan ijin tangki lebih besar dari tegangan akibat beban statis, tegangan circumferensial, dan tegangan longitudinal. Dengan demikian, desain tangki penyimpanan dapat dikatakan aman.Kata kunci: API 650, BS 2654, minyak kelapa murni, stainless steel, tangki penyimpananTank is a storage container that is often used by various industries such as petrochemical, refining, and petroleum. Storage tanks isnot only a storage for products and raw materials but also maintain the fluency availability of products and raw materials. Furthermore, the tank can also keep products or raw materials from contaminants. Virgin coconut oil is oil made from fresh coconut. Virgin coconut oil has storability of more than 12 months, so that adequate storage tanks are required to keep the product from contamination. ASTM 304, ASTM 316L, and S32304 are stainless steels used for the material of the virgin coconut oil storage tank. Stainless steel is corrosion resistant steel so it is expected to maintain the quality of virgin coconut oil product. This research aims to design storage tank of virgin coconut oil using stainless steel material. The storage tank is designed to have a capacity of 75 m3. The tank is designed by comparing between API 650 and BS 2654. The calculation results obtained the actual thickness of the shell plate is 6 mm, the actual bottom plate thickness is 6 mm, the actual annular bottom plate thickness is 8 mm, and the actual roof thickness is 6 mm. Based on the calculation, tank stress is still accepted because the allowable stress of tank is larger than the stress due static load, circumferential stress, and longitudinal stress. Thus, the design of storage tank is safe.Keywords: API 650, BS 2654, stainless steel, storage tank, virgin coconut oil

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Yang, X., M. Koehl, and P. Grussenmeyer. "PARAMETRIC MODELLING OF AS-BUILT BEAM FRAMED STRUCTURE IN BIM ENVIRONMENT." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W3 (February 23, 2017): 651–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w3-651-2017.

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A complete documentation and conservation of a historic timber roof requires the integration of geometry modelling, attributional and dynamic information management and results of structural analysis. Recently developed as-built Building Information Modelling (BIM) technique has the potential to provide a uniform platform, which provides possibility to integrate the traditional geometry modelling, parametric elements management and structural analysis together. <br><br> The main objective of the project presented in this paper is to develop a parametric modelling tool for a timber roof structure whose elements are leaning and crossing beam frame. Since Autodesk Revit, as the typical BIM software, provides the platform for parametric modelling and information management, an API plugin, able to automatically create the parametric beam elements and link them together with strict relationship, was developed. The plugin under development is introduced in the paper, which can obtain the parametric beam model via Autodesk Revit API from total station points and terrestrial laser scanning data. The results show the potential of automatizing the parametric modelling by interactive API development in BIM environment. It also integrates the separate data processing and different platforms into the uniform Revit software.

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Cai, Jun-jun, Kai Wang, Hui-qing Jiang, and Tao Han. "Characteristics, Risk Factors, and Adverse Outcomes of Hyperkalemia in Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure Patients." BioMed Research International 2019 (February 27, 2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/6025726.

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Background. Hyperkalemia is a serious complication in cirrhotic patients. However, the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and its impact on the outcomes in acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) patients remain unclear. Methods. We retrospectively recruited 650 ACLF patients in this study. The risk factors associated with hyperkalemia and its relationship with 90-day mortality were analyzed using multivariable regression models. Results. Among 650 patients with ACLF, 12.2% (79/650) had hyperkalemia during hospitalization. Higher admission serum potassium levels and the presence of acute kidney injury (AKI) were independent risk factors for hyperkalemia. The prevalence rates of hyperkalemia in patients with and without AKI were 23.6% and 4.6%, respectively (P<0.001). Hyperkalemia was a predictor of mortality in AKI and non-AKI patients. The 90-day mortality rates in non-AKI patients with and without hyperkalemia were 44.4% and 24.7%, respectively (P<0.001), and in AKI patients with and without hyperkalemia were 80.3% and 56.6%, respectively (P<0.001). Hepatic encephalopathy (HE), gastrointestinal bleeding, AKI, hyperkalemia, elevated total bilirubin (TBIL) and international normalized ratio (INR) values, and higher Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) and chronic liver failure-sequential organ failure assessment (CLIF-SOFA) scores were independent risk factors for predicting the 90-day mortality in ACLF patients. Conclusions. Hyperkalemia increases the 90-day mortality in ACLF patients; hyperkalemia is associated with AKI. Patients with both AKI and hyperkalemia had the worst outcome.

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Ruiz, M. A. Doñu, N. López Perrusquia, J. A. Ortega Herrera, G. Urriolagoitia Calderón, V. J. Cortés Suárez, and S. Rodríguez Gonzales. "Effect of Hydrogen on the Mechanical Behavior of API X70 Ageing." Defect and Diffusion Forum 353 (May 2014): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.353.159.

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The present work reports on the effect of hydrogen on the mechanical behavior of API 5L X70 ageing. Bending test specimens underwent solution treatment in an electric induction furnace at 1100°C for 30 min under argon atmosphere and water quenching and then ageing process for five temperatures in the range between 204 to 650°C for 30 min of time exposition and water quenching, respectively. The microstructural characterization was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and matrix samples ageing showed microstructures, acicular ferritic, polygonal ferrite, bainitic-ferrite, degenerate perlite and retained austenite and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) evidencing the presence of carbonitrures type Nb, Ti, V (N, C). Hydrogen was introduced in a sample of bending test, through cathodic charging, applying a current density of 50 mA/cm2. Three point bend test was carry out on specimen on API X70 with and without hydrogen and the result showed a reduction of ductility and 65% of index of embrittlement (IH). Also, samples undergoing ageing with hydrogen showed an increase in bending stress compared to a sample undergoing ageing without hydrogen, and the parameter (IH) decreased in the range of 21 to 29% due to the formation of traps. The fracture surface of bend tested samples were examined using a SEM.

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Li, Zhui, Hong Yang, Wenfang Zhang, Jing Wang, Yu Zhao, and Jun Cheng. "Prevalence of asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis in Chinese patients with lower extremity peripheral arterial disease: a cross-sectional study on 653 patients." BMJ Open 11, no. 4 (April 2021): e042926. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-042926.

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ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the prevalence and identify predictive factors of asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis (ACAS) in Southern Chinese patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD).DesignA cross-sectional study.Setting and participantsA total of 653 patients with PAD admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from July 2014 to July 2019.Main outcome measuresThe degree of carotid stenosis was assessed by Duplex ultrasound and classified as normal (no stenosis), mild (<50% stenosis), moderate (50%–69% stenosis), severe (≥70% stenosis or near occlusion) and total occlusion. Patients with stenosis ≥50% were classified as having significant ACAS. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the risk associated with concomitant factors of ACAS.ResultsThe mean age was 71.5±5.5 years, and 55.9% of the patients were men. Significant ACAS stenosis accounted for 128 (19.6%) cases, including 68 (10.4%) cases of moderate stenosis (50%–69%), 46 (7.0%) cases of severe stenosis (70%–99%) and 14 (2.1%) cases of total occlusion. Multivariable analysis revealed that age ≥70 years (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.25 to 3.18), an ankle brachial index (ABI) ≤0.5 (OR 3.39, 95% CI 1.34 to 8.55), an ABI ≤0.4 (OR 3.86, 95% CI 1.47 to 10.06) and Fontaine stage IV (OR 4.53, 95% CI 1.47 to 13.88) are predictive factors of significant ACAS.ConclusionThe prevalence of significant ACAS (stenosis ≥50%) in patients with PAD was approximately 19.6%. Significant ACAS was more common in patients with PAD older than 70 years, particularly in patients with an ABI <0.5 and those classified as Fontaine stage IV. Selective carotid screening may be more worthwhile in these high-risk patients with PAD.

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Li, Qinglin, Zhi Mao, Pan Hu, Hongjun Kang, and Feihu Zhou. "Analysis of the short-term prognosis and risk factors of elderly acute kidney injury patients in different KDIGO diagnostic windows." Aging Clinical and Experimental Research 32, no. 5 (August 13, 2019): 851–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40520-019-01261-z.

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Abstract Background and aims Follow-up observation was performed on elderly acute kidney injury (AKI) patients to analyze the short-term prognosis and risk factors of AKI patients in the 48-h diagnostic window and 7-day diagnostic window of the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines. Methods Inpatients aged ≥ 75 years in the geriatric ward of the People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, China, between January 2007 and December 2015 were selected as the research subjects. According to two diagnostic criteria in the KDIGO guidelines, patients were divided into a 48-h diagnostic window group and a 7-day diagnostic window group. The medical data of the patients were divided into the death group and the survival group for analysis based on the survival condition of the patients after 90 days of AKI. Factors that affected the 90-day survival of patients in the 48-h diagnostic window and 7-day diagnostic window groups were analyzed using multivariate Cox regression. Results During the follow-up period, a total of 652 patients were enrolled in this study. Among them, 623 cases were men, accounting for 95.6% of the patients. The median age was 87 (84–91) years. According to the KDIGO staging criteria, there were 308 (47.2%) cases in AKI stage 1, 164 (25.2%) cases in stage 2, and 180 (27.6%) cases in stage 3. Among the 652 patients, 334 (51.2%) were diagnosed with AKI based on the 48-h diagnostic criteria window, and 318 (48.8%) were diagnosed with AKI based on the baseline 7-day diagnostic criteria. The 90-day mortality of AKI patients was 42.5% in the 48-h diagnostic window and 24.2% in the 7-day diagnostic window. The multivariate Cox analysis results showed that low mean arterial pressure (HR = 0.966; P < 0.001), low serum prealbumin level (HR = 0.932; P < 0.001), infection (HR = 1.448; P = 0.047), mechanical ventilation (HR = 1.485; P = 0.038), high blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level (HR = 1.026; P < 0.001), blood magnesium level (HR = 2.560; P = 0.024), and more severe AKI stage (stage 2: HR = 3.482; P < 0.001 and stage 3: HR = 6.267; P < 0.001) were independent risk factors affecting the 90-day mortality of elderly patients in the 48-h diagnostic window, whereas low body mass index (HR = 0.851; P < 0.001), low mean arterial pressure (HR = 0.980; P = 0.036), low serum prealbumin level (HR = 0.950; P = 0.048), low serum albumin level (HR = 0.936; P = 0.015), high BUN level (HR = 1.046; P < 0.001), and more severe AKI stage (stage 2: HR = 4.249; P = 0.001 and stage 3: HR = 9.230; P < 0.001) were independent risk factors affecting the 90-day mortality of elderly patients in the 7-day diagnostic window. Conclusions The clinical differences of AKI and risk factors for 90-day mortality in elderly AKI individuals vary depending on the definition used. An increment of Scr ≥ 26.5 μmol/L in 48 h (48-h KDIGO window) alone predicts adverse clinical outcomes.

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Spritzer, J. M., and S. Guzey. "Review of API 650 Annex E: Design of large steel welded aboveground storage tanks excited by seismic loads." Thin-Walled Structures 112 (March 2017): 41–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tws.2016.11.013.

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OGUNTOYINBO, FOLARIN ANTHONY, and OLUWAJENYO MATHEW ONI. "Incidence and Characterization of Bacillus cereus Isolated from Traditional Fermented Meals in Nigeria." Journal of Food Protection 67, no. 12 (December 1, 2004): 2805–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-67.12.2805.

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The aim of this study was to examine the presence of Bacillus cereus in fermented meals used in food seasoning in Nigeria. The microbial profiles of iru and ogiri, two Nigerian fermented vegetable proteins, were examined for presence of B. cereus. In the 50 samples tested, B. cereus was detected in all the samples, with the level of detection ranging from log 6.3 to log 8.3 g−1 sample. Phenotypic characteristics of the B. cereus isolates showed that all of them could not ferment many sugars, most especially mannitol, but they utilized propionate citrate as a source of carbon and grew anaerobically. The isolates do not produce gas from glucose but hydrolyzed starch, casein, and gelatin. API-50CHB combined with API-20E identified the isolates as B. cereus. The diarrheal enterotoxin was detected by a reversed passive latex agglutination test kit. Results showed no significant difference in toxin production between ogiri and iru B. cereus isolated from different sources; all the isolates also demonstrated positive hemolytic activity. The API-ZYM enzyme profile showed that the strains have poor hydrolytic enzyme potential; hence, their possible contributions to the fermentation of vegetable protein is doubtful. This study established the proliferation of B. cereus in fermented protein meal and determined the diarrheal toxin production potential of the organism.

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Kuana, S. L., L. R. dos Santos, L. B. Rodrigues, and V. P. do Nascimento. "SISTEMA API CAMPY PARA CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE AMOSTRAS DE CAMPYLOBACTER ISOLADAS DE DESCARGA CECAL, FEZES, SWABS CLOACAIS E CARCAÇAS DE FRANGOS DE CORTE." Arquivos do Instituto Biológico 76, no. 2 (June 2009): 273–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1808-1657v76p2732009.

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RESUMO O presente estudo verificou a aplicação do sistema API Campy para identificação de bactérias do gênero Campylobacter. Foram utilizadas 48 amostras, sendo 15 oriundas de descarga cecal, cinco de fezes, três de swabs cloacais e 21 de carcaças, isoladas de 22 lotes de frangos de corte com três semanas de idade. As amostras caracterizadas presuntivamente por microscopia em contraste de fase, coloração de Gram, catalase/oxidase e aglutinação em látex foram inoculadas no sistema API Campy, que consta de testes enzimáticos e convencionais em aerobiose e testes de assimilação ou inibição em microaerofilia, ambos incubados a 37º C por 24-48 horas, sendo a leitura realizada em sistema informatizado. Foi possível identificar 43 amostras (89,58%), enquanto cinco (10,41%) tiveram perfil inaceitável. Identificou-se as espécies C. jejuni subsp. jejuni (68,8%); C. coli (8,3%); C. jejuni subsp. doylei (6,3%); C. upsaliensis (4,2%) e C. fetus subsp. fetus (2,1%). A ocorrência de Campylobacter nos lotes de frango de corte estudados foi de 81,8% e as espécies identificadas principalmente como Campylobacter jejuni subesp. jejuni pelo sistema API Campy, apresentando um maior número de espécies, subespécies e biotipos deCampylobacter dentre as amostras isoladas de carcaças de frango do que dentre as amostras clínicas isoladas nas granjas.

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RÓŻAŃSKA, HANNA, MARIA KUBAJKA, and MARCIN WEINER. "Occurrence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamaseand AmpC-type cephalosporinase-producing Escherichia coli in mastitic cow’s milk." Medycyna Weterynaryjna 77, no. 06 (2021): 291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21521/mw.6537.

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The aim of the study was to evaluate the occurrence of Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum betalactamases (ESBL and/or AmpC) in the milk of cows with mastitis. A total 2,500 milk samples from mastitic cows were tested in 2014-2018. The investigations included the culture of bacteria on MacConkey agar with cefotaxime, identification with the API Rapid 32 E test, synergy disc test D68C, assessment of antimicrobial resistance by the microdilution method and confirmation of the occurrence of genes encoding ESBL and AmpC. Out of 133 isolates identified as E. coli, 87 were recognized as ESBL producers and 46 as chromosomally encoded cephalosporinase AmpC producers. The blaTEM was predominant in the ESBL producers. All 46 AmpC-positive strains had the blaCMY gene. The results confirmed the occurrence of extended-spectrum betalactamase- producing E. coli in inflammatory secretions from mastitic

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Ahmed, Abdullah Akhtar, Ahmed Nawsher Alam, Rejwana Fatmi, Md Mashiur Rahman, Marufa Sultana Munia, and Nusrat Akhtar Juyee. "Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Uropathogens at Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College Hospital." KYAMC Journal 6, no. 2 (August 28, 2017): 610–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v6i2.33737.

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Increasing resistance among urinary tract pathogens to conventional drugs is found alarming worldwide. The aim of this study was to obtain data on susceptibility patterns of isolated uropathogens from urine samples of patients attending at Khwaja Yunus Ali Medical College Hospital, Enayetpur, Sirajgonj, Bangladesh a tertiary health care center of remote area to currently used antimicrobial agents. A total of 656 urine samples were studied of which 163 (24.8%) were culture positive. Among 163 culture positive cases all uropathogenic isolates were identified. Among the isolates, E. coli was the most predominant 116 (71.1%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 29 (17.8%). Staphylococcus saprophyticus 12 (7.4%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae 4 (2.4%) and Acenatobacter sp. 2 (1.2%). The majority of isolated E. coli were sensitive to Meropenam (58.6%) and Amikacin (57.7%) followed by gentamicin (52.6%), amoxiclav (43.1%), ciprofloxacin (42.2%). Sensitivity & resistance rate in Staphylococcus saprophyticus were same (50%) in Cephradine . Where complete (100%) resistanc e was shown to Ampicillin in Pseudomona s aeruginosa , Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acenatobacter sp. However most of isolates were poorly sensitive to ampicillin (1.7%), erythromycin (2.5%), cefuroxin (3.4%) and amoxicillin (9.5%). This area-specific monitoring studies aimed to gain knowledge about the type of pathogens responsible for UTIs and their resistance patterns may help the clinician to choose the right empirical treatment. Meropenem, amoxiclav, amikacin, gentamicin, second-generation of both cephalosporins and quinilones are found the most sensitive against the common uropathogens which might be used in the treatment of UTI.KYAMC Journal Vol. 6, No.-2, Jan 2016, Page 610-613

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Albers, Jessica, Anne Jäkel, Kai Wellmann, Ulrike von Hehn, and Tobias Schmidt. "Effectiveness of 2 Osteopathic Treatment Approaches on Pain, Pressure-Pain Threshold, and Disease Severity in Patients with Fibromyalgia: A Randomized Controlled Trial." Complementary Medicine Research 25, no. 2 (September 12, 2017): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000464343.

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Objective: To assess the effectiveness of osteopathic intervention (OI) and general osteopathic treatment (GOT) in individuals with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). Methods: The trial was designed as a randomized controlled trial with 2 osteopathic interventions and 1 untreated control group. The patients in the two osteopathic groups received 10 osteopathic treatments (OI or GOT) within a time period of 12 weeks. The control group did not receive any osteopathic treatment. The primary outcome was the average pain intensity (API) assessed by visual analog scale (VAS). Secondary outcomes were the pressure-pain threshold rated by means of a tender point score, and disease severity, assessed by the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ). Results: 50 patients were randomized. The primary outcome parameter API decreased from 7.2 to 4.7 in the OI group, from 6.3 to 4.3 in the GOT group, and increased slightly in the control group from 6.2 to 6.6. There were significant differences for the change in API between the OI group and the control group (VAS: 2.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.12-4.52), and between the GOT group and the control group (VAS: 2.4, 95% CI = 0.65-4.11), but no significant differences between the OI group and the GOT group. There were no significant differences for the secondary outcome parameters between the groups. Conclusion: A series of osteopathic treatments might be beneficial for patients suffering from FMS.

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Thongprayoon, Charat, Wisit Kaewput, Natanong Thamcharoen, Tarun Bathini, Kanramon Watthanasuntorn, Sohail Abdul Salim, Patompong Ungprasert, et al. "Acute Kidney Injury in Patients Undergoing Total Hip Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 1 (January 9, 2019): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8010066.

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Background: The number of total hip arthroplasties (THA) performed across the world is growing rapidly. We performed this meta-analysis to evaluate the incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients undergoing THA. Methods: A literature search was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Database from inception until July 2018 to identify studies assessing the incidence of AKI (using standard AKI definitions of RIFLE, AKIN, and KDIGO classifications) in patients undergoing THA. We applied a random-effects model to estimate the incidence of AKI. The protocol for this meta-analysis is registered with PROSPERO (no. CRD42018101928). Results: Seventeen cohort studies with a total of 24,158 patients undergoing THA were enrolled. Overall, the pooled estimated incidence rates of AKI and severe AKI requiring dialysis following THA were 6.3% (95% CI: 3.8%–10.2%) and 0.5% (95% CI: 0.1%–2.3%). Subgroup analysis based on the countries by continent was performed and demonstrated the pooled estimated incidence of AKI following THA of 9.2% (95% CI: 5.6%–14.8%) in Asia, 8.1% (95% CI: 4.9%–13.2%) in Australia, 7.4% (95% CI: 3.2%–16.3%) in Europe, and 2.8% (95% CI: 1.2%–17.0%) in North America. Meta-regression of all included studies showed significant negative correlation between incidence of AKI following THA and study year (slope = −0.37, p <0.001). There was no publication bias as assessed by the funnel plot and Egger’s regression asymmetry test with p = 0.13 for the incidence of AKI in patients undergoing THA. Conclusion: The overall estimated incidence rates of AKI and severe AKI requiring dialysis in patients undergoing THA are 6.3% and 0.5%, respectively. There has been potential improvement in AKI incidence for patients undergoing THA over time.

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Rasi, José Roberto, Jorge Augusto Serafim, Wellington Mazer, Roberto Bernardo, Donizete Caunetto, and Jonathan Figueiredo Broetto. "ANÁLISE COMPARATIVA DE DIMENSIONAMENTO DE TANQUES VERTICAIS PARA ARMAZENAMENTO DE ÁGUA DE UTILIZANDO AS NORMAS API 650, AWWA D-100 E NBR 7821 / COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE DESIGNING OF VERTICAL TANKS FOR WATER STORAGE ACCORDING TO API 650, AWWA D-100 AND, NBR 7821 STANDARDS." Brazilian Journal of Development 7, no. 3 (2021): 26074–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv7n3-352.

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Meena, Anil, and Mohamed El Mansori. "Microstructure Induced Wear Mechanisms of PVD-Coated Carbide Tools during Dry Drilling of Newly Produced ADI." Key Engineering Materials 651-653 (July 2015): 1271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.651-653.1271.

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Near-net shape austempered ductile iron (ADI) castings can be considered as a significant economic advantage to the increasing industrial demand for cost and weight efficient materials. However, due to microstructure induced inherent properties, ADI is considered as hard to machine material. The present paper thus investigates the interaction between the microstructural characteristics of ADI and wear mechanisms of PVD-coated carbide tools. The inherent properties of ADI materials are the function of its microstructural characteristics (retained austenite volume content and its carbon content, ferritic cell size, etc.) which can be controlled by the austempering parameters. Experimental studies of dry drilling of different ADI materials with the PVD-coated carbide tools were carried out at a cutting speed of 60 m/min and at a feed of 0.15 mm/rev. The wear mechanisms of the cutting tools were studied by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis techniques. The obtain results revealed the evolution of crater wear as the main wear mode. In addition, it provides the key findings aims to correlating the machining characteristics of ADI with its microstructure and production conditions.

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Alipooramirabad, Houman, Anna Paradowska, Shahrooz Nafisi, Mark Reid, and Reza Ghomashchi. "Post-Weld Heat Treatment of API 5L X70 High Strength Low Alloy Steel Welds." Materials 13, no. 24 (December 18, 2020): 5801. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13245801.

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High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) steels are the materials of choice in pipeline construction with the API X70 grade as the steel for the majority of pipeline networks constructed during the late 20th and early this century. This paper reports on the influence of Post-Weld Heat Treatment (PWHT) on the reduction of residual stresses, resulting changes in the microstructure, and mechanical properties of a multi-pass, X70 HSLA steel, weld joints made by a combined Modified Short Arc Welding (MSAW) and Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) processes. Neutron diffraction results highlighted high magnitude of tensile residual stresses, in excess of yield strength of both parent and weld metal, in the as-welded specimen (~650 MPa), which were decreased substantially as a result of applying PWHT (~144 MPa). Detailed microstructural studies are reported to confirm the phase transformation during PWHT and its interrelationship with mechanical properties. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) analysis showed polygonization and formation of sub-grains in the PWHT specimen which justifies the reduction of residual stress in the heat-treated weld joints. Furthermore, microstructural changes due to PWHT justify the improvement in ductility (increase in the elongations) with a slight reduction in yield and tensile strength for the PWHT weld joint.

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Damm, T. "Direct methods and ADI-preconditioned Krylov subspace methods for generalized Lyapunov equations." Numerical Linear Algebra with Applications 15, no. 9 (November 2008): 853–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/nla.603.

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Maznah, Zainol, B. Sahid Ismail, and Oii Kok Eng. "Residue and Dissipation Kinetics of Metsulfuron-Methyl Herbicide in Soil: A Field Assessment at an Oil Palm Plantation." Biomolecules 10, no. 7 (July 16, 2020): 1067. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biom10071067.

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A field trial experiment was conducted to investigate the degradation of metsulfuron-methyl at two application dosages, 15 g a.i/ha and 30 g a.i/ha, at an oil palm plantation. Soil samples were collected at ‒1, 0, 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days after treatment (DAT) at the following depths: 0–10, 10–20, 20–30, 30–40, and 40–50 cm. The results showed rapid degradation of metsulfuron-methyl in the soil, with calculated half-life (t½) values ranging from 6.3 and 7.9 days. The rates of degradation of metsulfuron-methyl followed first-order reaction kinetics (R2 = 0.91–0.92). At the spray dosage of 15 g a.i/ha, metsulfuron-methyl residue was detected at up to 20–30 cm soil depth, at 3.56% to 1.78% at 3 and 7 DAT, respectively. Doubling the dosage to 30 g a.i/ha increased the metsulfuron-methyl residue in up to 30–40 cm soil depth at 3, 7, and 14 DAT, with concentrations ranging from 1.90% to 1.74%. These findings suggest that metsulfuron-methyl has a low impact on the accumulation of the residues in the soil at application dosages of 15 g a.i/ha and 30 g a.i/ha, due to rapid degradation, and the half-life was found to be 6.3 to 7.9 days.

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Wang, Suwen, Feilong Dong, Zhongfang Li, and Lei Jin. "Preparation and properties of sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone)/tungsten oxide composite membranes." Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering 7, no. 4 (May 31, 2011): 528–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apj.603.

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Budiman, Abdul Hamid, Widodo Wahyu Purwanto, Eniya Listiani Dewi, Rinaldy Dalimi, and Bing Joe Hwang. "Understanding adsorbate-induced surface segregation in PtCo/C electrocatalyst." Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering 7, no. 4 (July 5, 2011): 604–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apj.613.

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Ilyushechkin, Alexander Y., Michael D. Dolan, Keith G. McLennan, and Sunil D. Sharma. "Effect of pre-oxidation of Fe3Al on its corrosion resistance in sulfur and chlorine contaminated syngas." Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering 7, no. 5 (August 16, 2011): 716–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apj.623.

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Matsuno, Hiroki, Hiroyuki Hirano, Tomohiro Nakagawa, Xian Wang, and Naotaka Okamoto. "Alternating flow of immiscible liquids in microchannel." Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering 7 (September 6, 2011): S48—S53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apj.633.

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Yetilmezsoy, Kaan. "Composite desirability function-based empirical modeling for packed tower design in physical ammonia absorption." Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering 7, no. 6 (September 28, 2011): 795–813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apj.635.

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Van Duc Long, Nguyen, and Moonyong Lee. "Improvement of natural gas liquid recovery energy efficiency through thermally coupled distillation arrangements." Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering 7 (October 28, 2011): S71—S77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apj.643.

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Baimark, Yodthong. "Morphology and thermal stability of cross-linked silk fibroin microparticles prepared by the water-in-oil emulsion solvent diffusion method." Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering 7 (December 27, 2011): S112—S117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apj.658.

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Ma, Jinxing, Zhiwei Wang, Zhichao Wu, Tianye Wei, and Ying Dong. "Aqueous nitrate removal by D417 resin: thermodynamic, kinetic and response surface methodology studies." Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering 7, no. 6 (December 12, 2011): 856–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apj.650.

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Das, Diganta B., and Tianqing Liu. "Tissue engineering." Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering 6, no. 6 (November 2011): 813–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apj.651.

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Abbasi, Zahra, Mohammad Haghighi, Esmaeil Fatehifar, and Nader Rahemi. "Comparative synthesis and physicochemical characterization of CeO2nanopowder via redox reaction, precipitation and sol-gel methods used for total oxidation of toluene." Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering 7, no. 6 (November 23, 2011): 868–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apj.652.

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Markatos, Nikos C. "Dynamic computer modeling of environmental systems for decision making, risk assessment and design." Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering 7, no. 2 (February 8, 2012): 182–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apj.654.

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Journal articles on the topic 'API 653'

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