Academic literature on the topic 'API Exposure'

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Journal articles on the topic "API Exposure"

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Mehta, Maharshi, Patricia McDonnell, and Prasanth K. "23 Applied occupational hygiene in pharmaceutical industries." Annals of Work Exposures and Health 68, Supplement_1 (2024): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/annweh/wxae035.272.

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Abstract Occupational hygiene is the highest priority in pharmaceutical industries. Potent Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients (APIs) with nanograms per cubic meter exposure limits are handled. The API manufacturing plant uses highly hazardous chemicals like methylene chloride and dimethyl formamide. This PDC will share lessons learned from 200+ pharmaceutical industries in 20+ countries in exposure assessment and containment verification. Potent compound handling, including enzymes, hazard banding and control banding, exposure controls, work practice, and respiratory protection. Addressing uniq
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Vasalou, Christina, Joanna Harding, Rhys D. O. Jones, Niresh Hariparsad, and Dermot F. McGinnity. "Interspecies evaluation of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model to predict the biodistribution dynamics of dendritic nanoparticles." PLOS ONE 18, no. 5 (2023): e0285798. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0285798.

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The exposure of a dendritic nanoparticle and its conjugated active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) was determined in mouse, rat and dog, with the aim of investigating interspecies differences facilitating clinical translation. Plasma area under the curves (AUCs) were found to be dose proportional across species, while dose normalized concentration time course profiles in plasma, liver and spleen were superimposable in mouse, rat and dog. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model, previously developed for mouse, was evaluated as a suitable framework to prospectively capture concentra
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Kamble, Dheeraj. "Exploring the Threat Landscape of API Attacks." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 06 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem50004.

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Abstract—The danger landscape around API security has grown dramatically as a result of the increasing use of APIs in contemporary software designs. Attackers are increasingly focussing on APIs because of their accessibility and exposure, especially those utilised in enterprise apps and crucial systems like Energy Storage Systems (ESS). By examining vulnerabilities, attack patterns, and security measures related to API implemen- tations, this article investigates the changing threat landscape of API attacks. We analyse the trade-offs between security and efficiency of various API communication
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Friman, Jan, Elisabeth Mueller, and Bart van Kaathoven. "Monetizing API exposure for enterprises with evolved BSS." Ericsson Technology Review 2023, no. 1 (2023): 2–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/etr.2023.10035875.

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Leith, Douglas J., and Stephen Farrell. "Measurement-based evaluation of Google/Apple Exposure Notification API for proximity detection in a commuter bus." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (2021): e0250826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0250826.

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We report on the results of a measurement study carried out on a commuter bus in Dublin, Ireland using the Google/Apple Exposure Notification (GAEN) API. This API is likely to be widely used by Covid-19 contact tracing apps. Measurements were collected between 60 pairs of Android handset locations and are publicly available. We find that the attenuation level reported by the GAEN API need not increase with distance between handsets, consistent with there being a complex radio environment inside a bus caused by the metal-rich environment. Changing the people sitting in a pair of seats can cause
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Cervová, Jana, and Mária Hagarová. "Corrosion Characteristics of Transit Pipeline API 5L X60." Key Engineering Materials 635 (December 2014): 186–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.635.186.

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The paper deals with the determination of corrosion rate to the natural gas pipeline API 5L X60 in Trnava region. Linear polarisation resistance method (exposure time 1 hour) was used for investigation the corrosion rate of exposed samples in the environment (top, middle and lower part of soil excavation and distilled water). The corrosion rate was also determined by measuring the weight loss of the steel samples. The exposure time for the measurement method of the weight loss of metallic materials accounted 120, 288, 528 hours. These outputs helped to identify the most suitable environment fo
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Kanjiyangat, Vivek, and Manikandan Hareendran. "Engineering intervention to reduce API dust exposure during milling operation." Journal of Chemical Health and Safety 25, no. 1 (2018): 36–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchas.2017.07.002.

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Kamble, Dheeraj. "API Attack Vectors: Understanding and Mitigating Emerging Threats." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 06 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem50003.

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Abstract—The landscape of API security risks has expanded considerably with the widespread adoption of APIs in modern software architectures. APIs, especially those used in critical enterprise applications and systems like Energy Storage Systems (ESS), have become prime targets for attackers due to their public exposure and accessibility. This article explores the evolving threat landscape of API security by examining common vulnera- bilities, attack techniques, and defense strategies specific to API implementations. We discuss the trade-offs between security and performance in different API c
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Pradeesh, Ashokan, and Kumar Ravi. "Exploring API Security Protocols in ML-Powered Mobile Apps: A Study on IOS and Android Platforms." Sarcouncil Journal of Engineering and Computer Sciences 3, no. 7 (2024): 1–7. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14423517.

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The proliferation of machine learning (ML)-powered mobile applications has revolutionized user experiences but also introduced significant security challenges, particularly in Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). This study investigates API security protocols in ML-powered apps on iOS and Android platforms, analyzing common vulnerabilities such as insecure data transmission, improper authentication, and API key exposure. Through a comparative analysis, iOS is shown to benefit from stricter development controls, while Android's open ecosystem presents unique risks. The research highlights
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Defriandi, Mirza, and Doni Hikmat Ramdhan. "EVALUASI EFEKTIVITAS PENGENDALIAN TEKNIK (ENGINEERING CONTROL) PAJANAN ACTIVE PHARMACEUTICAL INGREDIENT (API) PADA PEKERJA DI PROSES PENIMBANGAN BAHAN BAKU OBAT PT. XY – STUDI KASUS PEMBUATAN TABLET OBAT DHASOLONE 5 mg." PREPOTIF : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat 6, no. 2 (2022): 1184–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.31004/prepotif.v6i2.4387.

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Dampak kesehatan dapat menjadi ancaman pada pekerja di sektor industri farmasi karena potensi risiko terpajan debu Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) pada konsentrasI tinggi yang merupakan bahan aktif obat yang bersifat senyawa kuat (potent) selama proses penimbangan bahan baku. Tujuan dari penelitian ini melakukan evaluasi efektivitas pengendalian melalui rekayasa teknik (Engineering Control) dalam mengendalikan tingkat pajanan pada proses penimbangan menggunakan studi kasus pembuatan tablet obat Dhasolone 5 mg yang menggunakan API Prednisolone yang termasuk OEB (Occupational Exposure Ban
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "API Exposure"

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ALVES, GILVANIA TERTO. "BEHAVIOR OF STRUCTURAL STEEL API 5L X65 AFTER EXPOSURE TO HYDROGEN: AN APPROACH BASED ON DUCTILE FRACTURE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2014. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=25057@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO<br>COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR<br>CENTRO FEDERAL DE EDUCAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA CELSO SUCKOW FONSECA<br>PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO<br>Aços ARBL são cada vez utilizados na construção de linhas de dutos (pipelines) devido aos benefícios de pressões de linha mais elevadas, redução de peso do tubo, e, principalmente, diminuição dos riscos de falhas estruturais. Entretanto, tais tubos, em serviço offshore, podem ser fragilizados pela presença de H2S no fluido transportado. Sendo assim, esta pes
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Brunmark, Per. "Methods for assessment of exposure to aromatic amines/isocyanates by air monitoring and biomarkers." Lund : Dept. of Analytical Chemistry and Dept. of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Lund University, 1994. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/38948330.html.

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Herrström, Per. "Dental amalgam and exposure to mercury in children and adolescents allergologic and immunologic aspects /." Lund : Dept. of Community Medicine, Lund University, 1995. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/39726050.html.

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Jafari, Seyedfaraz. "Near-field millimeter-wave radio-frequency exposure analysis." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023IPPAT034.

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Cette thèse vise à déterminer la densité de puissance absorbée (APD) en tenant compte du couplage et des réflexions multiples entre l'antenne et le corps humain, ce qui pose des défis dans l'évaluation de l'APD en raison de leur proximité étroite.La première partie de la thèse explore le concept de mesure de l'APD à l'intérieur d'un fantôme de tissu cutané, en se concentrant spécifiquement sur son application dans les technologies 5G. Cependant, la mesure de l'APD à l'intérieur du fantôme de tissu cutanéest limitée en raison de la faible profondeur de pénétration des champs aux ondes millimétr
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Ali, Nurshad [Verfasser], Jan Georg [Akademischer Betreuer] Hengstler, and Michael [Gutachter] Spiteller. "Biological monitoring and exposure assessment for mycotoxins in inhabitants of Bangladesh and Germany / Nurshad Ali. Betreuer: Jan Georg Hengstler. Gutachter: Michael Spiteller." Dortmund : Universitätsbibliothek Dortmund, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1112270086/34.

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Arcanjo, Ana Sofia Serrano. "Prospective study of the utility of IRIS AKI grading system in detection renal injury in patients presented with probable nephrotoxin exposure at a 1st opinion veterinary hospital." Master's thesis, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/14732.

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Dissertação de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina Veterinária<br>Kidney diseases are common in dogs and cats and slight changes in kidney function do not result in organ failure but have an important role on the impact of the condition. Acute kidney injury (AKI) has been associated with high mortality and morbidity rates, and the early recognition of the disease has become necessary, to be able to use more effective therapeutic interventions, to recognise developing injury earlier and have more positive outcomes. In 2013, the International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) adopted a grading system to
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Doi, Lawrence K. "Screening and alcohol brief interventions in antenatal care : a realistic evaluation." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/9513.

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Background: Prenatal alcohol consumption is one of the leading preventable causes of birth defects, including fetal alcohol syndrome and learning disabilities. Although there is strong evidence of the benefits of screening and alcohol brief interventions (ABIs) in reducing hazardous and harmful drinking among the primary care population, evidence of its effectiveness with the antenatal care population is limited. Nevertheless, the Scottish Government is incorporating an alcohol screening and ABI programme as part of the routine antenatal care provided to women in a bid to protect the health an
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Gitin, Nancy M. "One-session exposure treatment for odontophobia." 1997. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/48207016.html.

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Sotirovic, Mirjana. "Exposure to diverse views and political participation." 1993. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/28681150.html.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1993.<br>Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 35-36).
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Amoo, Folorunso. "Experimental exposure of domestic animals to LaCrosse virus." 1985. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/11664558.html.

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Books on the topic "API Exposure"

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Wensheng, Peng, Xiong Duwen, Ernst Ekkehard, Zhu Huilin, and Zhou Zipeng. How and when will AI impact the economy. ILO, 2025. https://doi.org/10.54394/iwyt7917.

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This brief contributes to the current literature on AI exposure of jobs by considering cost curves of AI execution to estimate the timeline of AI adoption in China until 2050 using industry reports and sectoral employment and wage data from the National Bureau of Statistics of China.
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Berg, Janine, Pawel Gmyrek, Margherita Licata, Tinovimbanashe Gwenyaya, and Freytes, Scaiano, Martín Sánchez. Generative AI and the media and culture industry. ILO, 2025. https://doi.org/10.54394/fosl3256.

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The brief explores the transformative impact of Generative AI (GenAI) on the media and culture industry, analyzing its effects on job exposure, skills demand, and employment conditions. It highlights the need for policy frameworks, ethical AI governance, and social dialogue to mitigate risks such as job displacement and ensure fair compensation and creative control for workers.
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Freda, Benjamin J., and Gregory L. Braden. Other toxic acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. Edited by Adrian Covic. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0085.

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is often the result of incomplete recovery of renal function from a variety of causes of acute tubulointerstitial injury. Exposure to ethylene glycol, chlorinated hydrocarbons, paraquat, or toxic mushrooms often causes severe acute kidney injury (AKI), leading to chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) and CKD, including end-stage renal disease. Ethylene glycol intoxication often leads to chronic TIN and CKD from direct renal tubular toxicity and from interstitial calcium oxalate deposition. Chlorinated hydrocarbon exposure can cause dialysis-dependent AKI, but
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Fichtner, Alexander, and Franz Schaefer. Acute kidney injury in children. Edited by Norbert Lameire. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0239.

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In the past few decades, the overall incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in paediatric patients has increased and the aetiological spectrum has shifted from infection-related and intrinsic renal causes towards secondary forms of AKI related to exposure to nephrotoxic drugs and complex surgical, oncological, and intensive care manoeuvres. In addition, neonatal kidney impairment and haemolytic uraemic syndrome continue to be important specific paediatric causes of AKI raising unique challenges regarding prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. The search for new biomarkers is a current focus of
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Stewart, Douglas, Gaurav Shah, Jeremiah R. Brown, and Peter A. McCullough. Contrast-induced acute kidney injury. Edited by Norbert Lameire. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0246.

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Contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) occurs because all forms of intravascular contrast contain iodine and their biochemical structures induce immediate changes in systemic and renal vasoreactivity. In the kidneys, contrast induces a transient decrease in renal blood flow. This is more pronounced in patients with chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus. The reduction in blood flow allows slowed transit of contrast and reabsorption by the proximal tubular cells where contrast is directly toxic resulting in tubular cell dysfunction and death. When there is considerable damage, a tr
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Jackson, Robert. Conclusion. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190660178.003.0009.

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This conclusion settles on 1948 as an apt, if provisional, endpoint for the history of the southern cinema, citing several key events of that year: the presidential election and its exposure of deepening racial fissures, the US Supreme Court’s landmark decision in United States v. Paramount Pictures, Inc., and the launch of widespread commercial television programming. D. W. Griffith’s death, the last of James Agee’s brilliant film criticism, and the publication of William Faulkner’s novel Intruder in the Dust also made 1948 significant in these contexts of region, race, and media, suggesting
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Izzedine, Hassan, and Victor Gueutin. Drug-induced acute tubulointerstitial nephritis. Edited by Adrian Covic. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0084.

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Drug-induced acute tubulointerstitial nephritis (ATIN) is the most common aetiology of ATIN and a potentially correctable cause of acute kidney injury (AKI). An interval of 7–10 days typically exists between drug exposure and development of AKI, but this interval can be considerably shorter following re-challenge or markedly longer with certain drugs. It occurs in an idiosyncratic and non-dose-dependent manner. Antibiotics, NSAIDs, and proton pump inhibitors are the most frequently involved agents, but the list of drugs that can induce ATIN is continuously increasing. The mechanism of renal in
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Lireplus, Edition. Jonathan Eig - Résumé de ALI : Une VIE: Une Synthèse Simple et Rapide à Lire Qui Vous Expose les Points Essentiels de Ce Livre. Independently Published, 2019.

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Mersey, Rachel Davis. Can Journalism Be Saved? ABC-CLIO, LLC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400623134.

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This book challenges the once-dominant social responsibility model and argues that a new, “individual-first” paradigm is what will allow journalism to survive in today's crowded media marketplace. By some measures, it would seem that print journalism is dying. Journalism recently suffered one of its worst circulation declines in years: a drop of more than ten percent in the a six month period ending September 30, 2009. The Rocky Mountain News in Denver, CO, closed its doors in 2009—after it dominated the AP awards in 2008, and was lauded for an investigative expose on unfair treatment of forme
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Book chapters on the topic "API Exposure"

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Sliney, David H., Rodney L. Wood, Patrick M. Moscato, Wesley J. Marshall, and Paul Eriksen. "Ultraviolet Exposure in the Outdoor Environment: Measurements of Ambient Ultraviolet Exposure Levels at Large Zenith Angles." In NATO ASI Series. Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0661-8_12.

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Jaiswal, Aruna S., Melissa L. Armas, Shahnjayla K. Connors, Harekrushna Panda, and Satya Narayan. "Exposure to Environmental Mutagens: APC and Colorectal Carcinogenesis." In Environmental Factors, Genes, and the Development of Human Cancers. Springer New York, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6752-7_12.

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Gallagher, Thea, Julie Petersen, and Edna B. Foa. "Prolonged exposure for PTSD." In Casebook to the APA Clinical Practice Guideline for the treatment of PTSD. American Psychological Association, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0000196-006.

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Sliney, David H. "The IRPA/INIRC Guidelines on Limits of Exposure to Laser Radiation." In NATO ASI Series. Springer US, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0661-8_30.

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Neuner, Frank, Thomas Elbert, and Maggie Schauer. "Narrative exposure therapy for PTSD." In Casebook to the APA Clinical Practice Guideline for the treatment of PTSD. American Psychological Association, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0000196-009.

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Nygaard, Egil, and Jannike Mørch Andersen. "Prenatal exposure to opioids." In APA handbook of neuropsychology, Volume 1: Neurobehavioral disorders and conditions: Accepted science and open questions (Vol. 1). American Psychological Association, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0000307-030.

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Chen, Yixiong, Yang Yang, Zhanyao Lei, Mingyuan Xia, and Zhengwei Qi. "Bootstrapping Automated Testing for RESTful Web Services." In Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71500-7_3.

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AbstractModern RESTful services expose RESTful APIs to integrate with diversified applications. Most RESTful API parameters are weakly typed, which greatly increases the possible input value space. This poses difficulties for automated testing tools to generate effective test cases to reveal web service defects related to parameter validation. We call this phenomenon the type collapse problem. To remedy this problem, we introduce FET (Format-encoded Type) techniques, including the FET, the FET lattice, and the FET inference to model fine-grained information for API parameters. Enhanced by FET
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Banducci, Anne N., Bryna N. Cooper, Jennifer M. Betts, and Kelsey N. Serier. "Exposure-based and behavioral theory in psychotherapy." In APA handbook of psychotherapy: Theory-driven practice and disorder-driven practice (Vol. 1). American Psychological Association, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0000353-010.

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Sekerina, Irina A., and Patricia J. Brooks. "Multilingual Linguistic Landscapes of New York City as a Pedagogical Tool in a Psychology Classroom." In Educational Linguistics. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39578-9_9.

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AbstractThe chapter describes the utilization of Linguistic Landscapes (LL) as a pedagogical tool in an undergraduate research methods course in psychology and demonstrates how studying urban multilingualism can be harnessed in the service of five comprehensive learning goals of the American Psychological Association Guidelines for the Undergraduate Psychology Major (American Psychological Association, APA guidelines for the undergraduate psychology major. Retrieved from http://www.apa.org/ed/precollege/about/undergraduate-major.aspx, 2013). Fourteen students in their second year of college to
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Carli, Rachele, Amro Najjar, and Davide Calvaresi. "Risk and Exposure of XAI in Persuasion and Argumentation: The case of Manipulation." In Explainable and Transparent AI and Multi-Agent Systems. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15565-9_13.

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Conference papers on the topic "API Exposure"

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Paul Cernocky, E., Peter W. Moore, and Leslie J. Cernocky. "Correlation of Half-Inch Diameter, Mini-Pipe Tests with API Full-Size Tests of Casing with Internal Pressure in H2S Environment." In CORROSION 2007. NACE International, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2007-07111.

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Abstract Testing using miniature pipe specimens called mini-pipes has been introduced previously as a means to evaluate casing materials loaded with three-dimensional, pressure-induced stresses and one-sided or two-sided H2S exposure.1-3 Hollow mini-pipe specimens are able to expose the material to the type of stresses it can see in well service, and this type of testing can be used to determine combinations of three-dimensional (triaxial) stresses and through-wall hydrogen gradients which lead to pipe failure.2 Likewise, full-scale tests by API have been reported4–6 of casing subjected to int
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Long, Xin, Manuel A. Gonzalez, and Bruce P. Miglin. "Evaluation of Full Size API C110 Premium Casing Connections Fit- For-purpose Performance in Mildly Sour Environments." In CORROSION 2016. NACE International, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2016-07209.

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Abstract A laboratory test program was conducted to investigate full size 12 ¼ inch (311mm) OD API C110 grade premium casing connections performance in a mildly sour environment with an ID-only exposure for a fit-for-purpose study. A specially designed and built test fixture was used to conduct internal pressurizing tests of the assembled connection specimens in a controlled mildly sour solution. Two full-sized specimens (one of API C110(1) and one of API Q125) were tested. Finite element analysis (FEA) was conducted to identify high risk locations for sulphide stress cracking (SSC) for the co
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Mitzithra, Maria Eleni, and Shiladitya Paul. "Performance of API 5L X65 in a ‘Sweet’ Followed by ‘Sour’ Environment." In CORROSION 2018. NACE International, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2018-10970.

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Abstract This paper reports the corrosion behaviour of X65 steel in a mixed 1% H2S (in CO2) brine after exposure to a pure CO2-saturated brine at 40°C. The objective of the study was to identify the scales formed and understand their effect on the corrosion performance of X65 steel upon transition from pure sweet to sour conditions. Electrochemical testing indicated reduced general corrosion rate during the exposure to pure CO2 environment, which is mainly attributed to the formation of protective but porous siderite scale. After the introduction of mixed CO2/H2S gas, the corrosion rate decrea
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Pagnussat, Mariana, Mónica Zapponi, Verónica Rodríguez Bauzada, et al. "Evaluation of Polymeric Coatings for MIC Problems During Oil and Gas Transportation." In LatinCORR 2023. AMPP, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5006/lac23-20428.

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Extended Abstract During oil and gas operations, pipelines are subjected to corrosion deterioration mechanisms, one of which is microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC). The aim of this work was to analyze the behavior of different polymeric coatings in a continuous culture of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) after 3 and 6 months of exposure. L80 API carbon steel samples with different coatings were placed in the bioreactor. At the end of the exposure periods, the samples were scraped with a sterile scalpel and cultured in Postgate B liquid medium to count biofilm-forming bacteria. Control
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Huizinga, Sytze, and Willem E. Liek. "Limitations for the Application of 13CR Steel in Oil and Gas Production Environments." In CORROSION 1997. NACE International, 1997. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1997-97039.

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Abstract A laboratory investigation of application limits of 13Cr steel was carried out for sweet downhole environments in the CO2 partial pressure regime up to about 10 bar (1 MPa). Two grades of 13Cr steel were studied, one complying with the API 5CT specification and the other a higher carbon version. Polarisation curves, taken at various times after immersion of the specimens in simulated brine, revealed an increasing pitting tendency for the higher chloride levels and indicated better performance for the API 5CT grade. This was in agreement with evidence for chromium depleted zones in the
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Howard, Siv. "Effect of Stress Level on the SCC Behavior of Martensitic Stainless Steel During HT Exposure to Formate Brines." In CORROSION 2016. NACE International, 2016. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2016-07613.

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Abstract Formate brines first entered into service as high performance High Pressure High Temperature (HPHT) drilling, completion, and workover fluids in the mid 90's. Over the years the range of applications has extended to include use as long-term HPHT well suspension fluids and HPHT well packer fluids. Throughout this time there have been no reported occurrences of Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) failures, despite lengthy exposures to acid gases under extreme hydrothermal conditions. This field experience, however, has unfortunately not always been replicated in the laboratory. For example
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Szklarz, K. E., Pierre Sutter, Jean Leyer, and B. J. Orlans-Joliet. "NACE TM0177 Method D Test Procedure (DCB) Learnings from Comparative Laboratory Testing." In CORROSION 2003. NACE International, 2003. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2003-03104.

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Abstract Two laboratories compared NACE DCB testing procedures and agreed on an “equivalent” methodology to conduct round robin DCB tests on an API 5CT T95 casing material. This test methodology is compared to TM0177 requirements. The results of the round robin tests provide valuable insight into important test parameters and interpretation of DCB test data. Test scatter, effects of arm displacement, dimensional measurement, notch severity, and exposure parameters are discussed.
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Arcari, Attilio, James P. Moran, Derek J. Horton, Edward J. Lemieux, Ryan McCoy, and Theresa M. Newbauer. "The Effect of Alternate Immersion on Stress Corrosion Cracking Behavior of Steel and Nickel Alloys in Natural Seawater." In CORROSION 2021. AMPP, 2021. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2021-16857.

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ABSTRACT Stress corrosion cracking susceptibility of selected high strength alloys was evaluated during exposure in alternate immersion conditions using bolt loaded compact test geometries with a strain gauge positioned at the back-face to allow a large sample throughput while including sensitive monitoring of crack progression during exposure. This approach combines advantages of a traditional KISCC exposure testing and laboratory-based instrumentation-intensive test methods. Crack length was continuously monitored by specimen compliance during up to 2 years of alternate immersion exposure in
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Divi, Suresh, K. Daniel Efird, and Derek Spiller. "Underdeposit Corrosion of API X-65 Carbon Steel in the Presence of Acid Gases." In CORROSION 2019. NACE International, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2019-13044.

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Abstract Produced fluids from many oil and gas wells carry sand, and solids from the geologic reservoir, which can be left behind as deposits on the interior of production equipment, particularly piping. These deposits become a diffusion barrier between the produced fluids and the interior pipe wall, which results in a water chemistry near the steel surface very different from that in the bulk fluids. This is a particular problem in a stratified flow regime where deposits of solids accumulate in the bottom of a pipeline. A previous under deposit corrosion (UDC) study showed higher under deposi
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Hendrix, David E., and Russell D. Kane. "API 5CT Grade L80 (Type 1) Tubing: Environmental Cracking in Non-sour Service Wells and the Influence of Metallurgy, Well Stimulation and Chemical Treatment." In CORROSION 2015. NACE International, 2015. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2015-05851.

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Abstract API(1) 5CT Grade L80, type 1 oil country tubular goods (OCTG), e.g. production tubing &amp; casing, in non-sour, natural gas wells in East Texas failed after relatively short exposure times upon being placed in service. Laboratory failure analysis of failed tubing and casing from several wells determined that the L80 tubing failed from environmental cracking initiating in the body on the annular (O.D.) side of the tubing/casing. The laboratory testing also showed that the failed tubing and casing met compositional and mechanical requirements of API 5CT L80 and NACE MR0175/ISO15156 req
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Reports on the topic "API Exposure"

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Mudge, Christopher, Bradley Sartain, Kurt Getsinger, and Michael Netherland. Efficacy of florpyrauxifen-benzyl on dioecious hydrilla and hybrid water milfoil - concentration and exposure time requirements. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42062.

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This study conducted small-scale trials under various concentration and exposure time (CET) scenarios to determine florpyrauxifen-benzyl activity on dioecious hydrilla and hybrid watermilfoil and determine impact on water stargrass and elodea. Hydrilla treated with 12, 24, or 36 μg active ingredient (a.i.) L⁻¹ florpyrauxifen-benzyl and exposed for 12, 24, or 48 hr under outdoor mesocosm conditions was reduced in biomass by 30-75% at 8 weeks after treatment (WAT). An additional hydrilla trial at the same herbicide concentrations, but under longer exposures (24, 72, or 168 hr), resulted in 33–85
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Beavers, John, and Gregory Quickel. PR-186-09204-R01 Determining the Effects of Ethanol on Pump Station Facilities. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010706.

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The first task in Phase 1 of this project involved sending out an industry survey regarding materials in pump stations. This task was performed to determine what components are important from a facilities point of view and what materials are used in these components. The information from the survey was organized into a table that is attached as an appendix to this report. Additionally, manufacturers of the components were contacted in order to determine the materials present in the components in the pump stations. The requests for bill of materials or materials for specific part numbers were p
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Boruchowicz, Cynthia, Florencia López Bóo, Benjamin Roseth, and Luis Tejerina. Default Options: A Powerful Behavioral Tool to Increase COVID-19 Contact Tracing App Acceptance in Latin America? Inter-American Development Bank, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002983.

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Being able to follow the chain of contagion of COVID-19 is important to help save lives and control the epidemic without sustained costly lockdowns. This is especially relevant in Latin America, where economic contractions have already been the largest in the regions history. Given the high rates of transmission of COVID-19, relying only in manual contact tracing might be infeasible. Acceptability and uptake of contact tracing apps with exposure notifications is key for the implementation the “test, trace and treat” triad. In the first study of its kind in Latin America, we find that for a nat
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Haynes, Ben, Tahmnina Khan, Ruth Willis, Camilla Alexander-White, and Alan Boobis. Joint position paper from the Advisory Committee on Novel Foods and Processes (ACNFP) & Committee on Toxicity (COT) on establishing a provisional acceptable daily intake (ADI) for pure form (≥98%) cannabidiol (CBD) in foods, based on new evidence. Food Standards Agency, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.zcg392.

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Following the announcement by the FSA that from 31st March 2021, all CBD products on the market must have their safety assured by companies submitting a valid safety application, there have been a large number of CBD-related novel food applications. Consequently, a significant level of additional data has become available that requires review. A joint Subgroup of the ACNFP and COT was formed to address a series of questions in relation to the safety of CBD-containing and hemp-derived ingredients. The overarching aim of the Subgroup is to enable the FSA to perform risk assessments for CBD in fo
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Goyeneche, Laura, Cynthia Boruchowicz, Florencia Lopez Boo, Luis Tejerina, Benjamin Roseth, and Jennifer Nelson. Pandemics, privacy, and adoption of technology: Perceptions of the use of digital tools and data sharing during COVID-19 from 10 Latin American countries. Inter-American Development Bank, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004546.

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This study describes the perception, adoption, and acceptance factors involved in the deployment of digital technologies for public health in Latin America and considers the implications for future digital health interventions. We conducted a descriptive analysis using nationally representative data from a phone survey conducted in 2020 in 10 countries in Latin America. We found that early in the pandemic, in countries with existing applications, 74% of the population used a smartphone, 47% had knowledge of the government app to report symptoms, but only 2% reported using it. Those interviewed
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Oliver, Peter, and Gillian Robert. PR-420-183903-R01 Pipeline Right-of-Way River Crossing Monitoring With Satellites. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0012247.

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The goal of the work described herein is to provide PRCI and the pipeline industry further understanding of the current capabilities and limitations of combined SAR and high resolution optical satellite imagery for the monitoring of pipeline ROWs which span river crossings. Four Areas of Interests (AOIs) with pipeline ROWs that span river crossings were selected for analysis: South Saskatchewan River, Saskatchewan, Canada operated by SaskEnergy Incorporated; Thompson Creek, Louisiana, USA operated by Colonial Pipeline Company; Gila River, Arizona, USA operated by Kinder Morgan Incorporated; an
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Mirabelli, Alan. Les mots pour le dire : définir la famille dans la diversité sociale. The Vanier Institute of the Family, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.61959/a218482m.

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Depuis plus de 50 ans, l’Institut Vanier de la famille a agi à titre de ressource nationale dédiée à l’exploration et à la compréhension des familles du Canada dans toutes leurs diversités. Au cours de cette période, l’Institut aura cherché à mobiliser les connaissances et à approfondir sa compréhension des familles canadiennes en faisant des recherches pour exposer la richesse et la complexité de la vie de famille, des familles elles-mêmes, ainsi que de leur réalité, leurs attentes et leurs aspirations. Depuis la fin des années 80, l’Institut exerce ses activités de recherche autour d’un axe
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Turner, Paul, Alessia Baseggio Conrado, and Jennifer Quint. Using NHS Data to Monitor Trends in the Occurrence of Severe, Food-Induced Allergic Reactions Work Package 1. Food Standards Agency, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.lvn457.

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People with food allergies may experience food allergic reactions due to accidental exposure. These reactions are commonly categorised as non-severe, fatal food anaphylaxis and near-fatal food anaphylaxis. Non-severe allergic reactions to food are more common with an incidence of up to 1,000 times greater than fatal food-related anaphylaxis. However, obtaining accurate data relating to the circumstances under which these reactions occurred is challenging under the current diagnosis coding system used in the National Health Service (NHS). This project addressed two key questions: What are the t
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Saarnio, Karri, Mika Vestenius, and Katriina Kyllönen. Attestation of conformity of particulate matter measurements (HIVATO) 2019–2020. Finnish Meteorological Institute, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35614/isbn.9789523361331.

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The National Reference Laboratory for Air Quality (NRL) ensures the high quality of air quality measurements in Finland by organising audits and intercomparison campaigns. In this project, the conformity of the particulate matter measurements was evaluated with a particular focus on the measurement used for calculating the average exposure index (AEI) of Finland. The representativity and applicability of the AEI measurements made at the Kallio station in Helsinki were evaluated. It was noticed that the results of the Kallio measurement represent well the average fine particle (PM2.5) concentra
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Johnson, Sarah, Michael Sinclair, Emily Leonard, and Forrest Rosenbower. Development of strategies for monitoring and managing sandscape vegetation, with an assessment of declining vegetation in the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore. National Park Service, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293187.

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Coastal dune habitats such as those of the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore (APIS) are regionally rare habitats of global and state-wide concern. Their dynamic, sandy landforms provide habitat for unique species specifically adapted to frequent disturbance, drought, and other stresses. Despite having disturbance-driven life histories, these species are at risk due to increased visitor use of sandscape habitats and environmental change. Resource managers at APIS have long understood the values of these sandscapes and threats presented by recreational trampling, but more recently they have rec
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