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Academic literature on the topic 'API Main Text method'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 5 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "API Main Text method"

Himawan, Arif, Muhammad Rifqi Maarif, and Ulfi Saidata Aesyi. "Analisis Hashtag pada Twitter untuk Eksplorasi Pokok Bahasan Terkini Mengenai Business Intelligence." JISKA (Jurnal Informatika Sunan Kalijaga) 6, no. 2 (May 3, 2021): 106–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/jiska.2021.6.2.106-112.

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The main purpose of this paper is to examine the dominant topics about Business Intelligence in micro-blogging Twitter. There are 7.153 tweets collected from Twitter API. Text mining and natural language processing are used to analyze the dominant topics among those tweets. Computational method used to count the most frequent hashtag that appears together with Business Intelligence hashtag. Twitter users are large and scattered around the world with a diverse range of skills (expertise) that can give a new perspective on a subject that may not be predicted before. For example, for topics related to Business Intelligence, the very dominant general topic discussed in the scientific literature are about data management, as well as for analytics and machine learning data. The result contributes to understanding dominant topics about Business Intelligence that can help researchers to level their research.

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Venkatesan, Aravind, Nikiforos Karamanis, Michele Ide-Smith, Jonathan Hickford, and Johanna McEntyre. "Understanding life sciences data curation practices via user research." F1000Research 8 (September 11, 2019): 1622. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.19427.1.

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Background: Manual curation is a cornerstone of public biological data resources. However, it is a time-consuming process that urgently needs supportive technical solutions in the face of rapid data growth. Supporting scalable curation is a part of the mission of the Elixir Data Platform. Thus far, we have established infrastructure capable of ingesting and aggregating text-mined outputs from multiple providers and making these available via an API. This public API is used by Europe PMC to display specific entities and relationships on full text articles (via the SciLite application). Methods: To ensure that the future development of this infrastructure meets the needs of curators, we carried out a user research project to understand and identify common workflow patterns and practices via an observational study. Building on these outcomes, we then devised a curator community survey to more specifically understand which entity types, sections of a paper and tools are of top priority to address. Results: The main challenges faced by curators included the following: a) There is a need for ways to prioritise and identify relevant papers for curation as the volume of literature is large; b) Finding specific information can prove difficult; quick ways of filtering articles based on specific entities, such as experimental methods, species and other important entities, such as genes, cell lines and tissue samples, are required; and c) Transferring information from the search/annotation tools to the various curation workflows was also challenging. Conclusions: This study lays the foundation for identifying actionable items to orient the current infrastructure towards meeting the needs of curation community, by improving text-mined annotation quality and coverage and other engineering solutions; and reusing text-mined annotations and other metadata in Europe PMC for article triage. Furthermore, this study presents an opportunity to explore customisation of triage/ranking systems to suit different curation contexts.

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Saputra, Edo Halim, I. Made Arsa Suyadnya, and I. Made Oka Widyantara. "RANCANG BANGUN APLIKASI KOMUNITAS MANCING BERBASIS ANDROID." Jurnal SPEKTRUM 4, no. 2 (January 8, 2018): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/spektrum.2017.v04.i02.p21.

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This research intends to build an application that can be a place for members of the fishing community. The application is built on three main modules: user management, spot fishing management, and discussion management. Applications built using java programming language with android platform this application also uses API (Application Programming Interface) built with PHP programming language as interface processing data to database. Application testing is done by black box method and usability software, with the test result stated that the three main modules are running well and deserve to be used to be a means of information exchange for members of the fishing community.

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Radwika, Made, I. Wayan Suardana, and I. Dewa Made Sukrama. "Studies On Species Of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolate Sr 12 From Bali Cattle Gastric With Conventional Method And Api Kit 50ch." Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 2, no. 1 (January 31, 2019): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jvas.2019.v02.i01.p03.

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Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are Gram positive bacteria that characterized by non-motil, non-spore, negative catalase, coccus or bacillus cell shape, and live in microaerophilic condition with CO2 aeration 5-7%. The purpose of study was to identifyy LAB isolate SR 12 isolated from gastrointestinal tract of bali cattle that previously known have potency as a source of probiotic. The study initiated by cultivation of isolate on de Man, Rogosa, Sharpe (MRS) medium, confirmation of isolate with Gram staining and catalase test as a main procedure for Gram positive indentification. The next identification in order to know the species of isolate was conducted both conventional test and kit API 50CH test. The result of study showed the LAB SR12 isolate as a genus of Pediococcusor Enterococcus according to its growth in temperature 10oC, pH9,6 and it can’t grow in halophilic condition. On the other hands, the use of ofAPI kit 50CH test showed the LAB SR12 was detected as Pediococcus pentosaceus.

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Digheche, Keltoum, Zakaria Boumerzoug, Malika Diafi, and Khawla Saadi. "INFLUENCE OF HEAT TREATMENTS ON THE MICROSTRUCTURE OF WELDED API X70 PIPELINE STEEL." Acta Metallurgica Slovaca 23, no. 1 (March 28, 2017): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.12776/ams.v23i1.879.

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Welding is one of the most important technological processes used in many branches of industry such us industrial engineering, shipbuilding, pipeline fabrication among others. Generally, welding is the preferred joining method and most common steel are weldable. This investigation is a contribution to some scientific works which have been done on welding of low carbon steel. This work, presents some heat treatments were used to alter the microstructure of base metal (BM), heat affected zone (HAZ) and weld metal (WM) in the welded pipe steel of grade API X70. It presents the microstructures obtained after three heat treatments at 200°C, 400°C and 600°C for 30 min. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction have been used as characterization techniques to observe the WM microstructures, in addition the Vickers hardness test are also achieved. The results revealed that the isothermal heat treatment caused grain growth and coarsening reactions in the weld zone and the hardness of weld joints decreased were the main transformations after increasing the temperature of the heat treatment.

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Muñoz Martín, Andres J., Enrique Gallardo Díaz, Carlos Crespo, Roma Masana Domenech, Javier Soto, Daniel Arumi, and Susana Fernandez. "Cost-effectiveness of apixaban versus other direct oral anticoagulants and low-molecular-weight-heparins for cancer associated venous thromboembolism in Spain." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e18845-e18845. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e18845.

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e18845 Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) causes substantial morbidity and mortality in patients with cancer. The guidelines for the treatment of VTE in cancer patients recommend low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) and direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) for patients where major bleeding is a low risk factor. Several studies show that DOAC represent a convenient and effective treatment option in alternative to LMWH in patients with deep-vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. Even though some recent studies have compared the effectiveness of DOAC vs LMWH, there is no available a cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) comparing the relative effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of apixaban, other DOAC and. LMWH. The study aim was to conduct a CEA of apixaban (API), edoxaban (EDO), rivaroxaban (RIVA) and LMWH for the treatment of cancer associated VTE in Spain. Methods: We developed a Markov model with 12 transition health states. The model has been face-validated by two oncologists from two different Spanish hospitals. The use of resources and costs were obtained from the 2021 Spanish Ministry of Health database, and the main references for obtaining the outcomes were derived from CARAVAGGIO, HOKUSAI-VTE, ADAM VTE and SELECT-D trials. Our model yielded the effectiveness score in terms of cost per life-year (LY) gained and cost per quality-adjusted for life-year (QALY) gained. The time horizon was 12 months. We performed a deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis to validate the robustness. Results: API showed the lowest 12-month cost (1943 €), and the highest amount of life years (0.79) and highest amount of QALY (0.55) gained. RIVA and EDO were less effective in terms of LY (0.76 and 0.74, respectively) and QALY (0.53 and 0.52, respectively) gained than LMWH (LY of 0.76 and QALY of 0.53), and less costly. The Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER) scores in terms both of €/LY and €/QALY gained show that API is dominant over LMWH, RIVA and EDO. Conclusions: Our results suggest that API is more effective and more cost-effective than LMWH, RIVA or EDO with the 2021 Spanish healthcare costs. For interpretation of the results, reader must consider that the costs of resources analyzed in this paper may vary from country to country, and dabigatran was not included in the analysis since there are not cancer associated VTE clinical trials with dabigatran data to calculate CEA from.[Table: see text]

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Malissiova, Eleni, Theofilos Papadopoulos, Aikaterini Kyriazi, Maria Mparda, Christina Sakorafa, Antonios Katsioulis, Anna Katsiaflaka, Maria Kyritsi, Antonios Zdragas, and Christos Hadjichristodoulou. "Differences in sheep and goats milk microbiological profile between conventional and organic farming systems in Greece." Journal of Dairy Research 84, no. 2 (March 15, 2017): 206–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022029917000103.

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The aim of this study was to examine differences in the microbiological profile and antimicrobial resistance of bacteria isolated from milk from organic and conventional sheep and goat farms. Twenty-five organic and 25 conventional sheep and goat farms in the region of Thessaly, Greece participated in this study. A standardised detailed questionnaire was used to describe farming practices. A total of 50 samples were collected and analysed for total viable count (TVC), total coliform count (TCC) and somatic cell count (SCC), whileStaphylococcus aureusandEscherichia coliwere isolated using standard methods. Isolates were identified at species level by Api-test and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionisation-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Susceptibility to a panel of 20 forE. coliand 16 forS. aureusantimicrobials was determined by the agar dilution method. Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) was performed forS. aureusandE. coliisolates to determine predominant clones. Lower counts of TVC, TCC and SCC were identified in milk from the organic farms, possibly due to differences in the hygienic farming practices found on those farms. API-tests and MALDI-TOF MS showed no significant differences in theS. aureusandE. coliisolates. Overall, antimicrobial resistance rates were low, while a statistically higher percentage was estimated among strains originating from conventional farms in comparison with organic farms, possibly due to the restriction of antibiotic use in organic farming. PFGE revealed diversity amongS. aureusandE. colipopulations in both organic and conventional farms indicating circulation of 2–3 main clones changing slightly during their evolution. Consequently, there is evidence that milk from the organic farms presents a better microbiological profile when compared with milk from conventional farms.

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Shaginyan, I. A., L. R. Avetisyan, Marina Yu Chernukha, E. A. Siyanova, E. M. Burmistrov, A. Yu Voronkova, E. I. Kondratieva, A. G. Chuchalin, and A. L. Gintzburg. "Epidemiological significance of genome variations in Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing chronic lung infection in patients with cystic fibrosis." Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 21, no. 4 (2019): 340–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.36488/cmac.2019.4.340-351.

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Objective. To present the data on the main mechanism of molecular variation in P. aeruginosa causing chronic lung infection in patients with cystic fibrosis. Materials and Methods. A total of 1800 throat swabs and sputum samples from cystic fibrosis patients were included in the study over the 10-year period. P. aeruginosa isolates were primarily identified by the biochemical method using the API 20NE test strips (bioMerieux, France). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion method. Genotyping was conducted by RAPD-PCR and MLST. Whole genome sequencing of three typical P. aeruginosa isolates was performed on an Ion PGM Torrent platform with Ion Sequencing Kit and 316v1 chips (Life Technologies Thermo Fisher, US) according to the manufacturer’s protocol. The RAST web application was used for initial annotation. Results. There were three main variants of the pathogen variability found: population heterogeneity, pathogen microevolution, and replacement by another genotype of the same species. The variation of the pathogen’s genome is due to the acquisition of mobile genetic elements (plasmids), mutations in the chromosomal genes responsible for antibiotic resistance, bacterial viability and survival during persistence in a host, and changes in the prophage regions of the pathogen. Conclusions. Epidemiological significance of the molecular mechanisms of pathogen variation is primarily due to the ability of strains to form epidemiologically significant clone. This requires control measures aimed to limit emergence and distribution of such clones to be developed.

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Soufleros, Evangelos H., N. Konstantinidis, Elefteria Tsitsanopoulou, and G. Gerakiannakis. "The malolactic fermentation in the wines of Naoussa (Greece). Study of lactic acid bacteria." OENO One 30, no. 4 (December 31, 1996): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.1996.30.4.1098.

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The red wine« Appellation d'Origine Naoussa de qualité supérieure » stemming from the « Xynomavro » vine cultivated in this wine-growing region of western Macedonia (Greece) needs the advantages coming of malolatic fermentation. This wine, in spite of its incontestable qualities has a strong astringent and a high level of acidity, the malic acid contributing essentially to these two characters.Because of the interest malolactic fermentation presents for this region, we have collaborated with the wine-producters to insure, at first, the generally admitted conditions which favour the evolution of malolactic fermentation, then to study it.The latter includes : a) the control of the conversion of malic acid into lactic acid by chromatography paper and b) the enumeration, isolation and identification of lactic acid bacteria.During this two-year-long research, 187 samples have been taken from 50 different tanks during 12 samplings. The isolation of lactic acid bacteria was done by plating dilutions of wine samples and their identification with the API system and other physico-chemical and enzymatic methods.Data processing has been done by computer and given a strain group distribution according to their similarity.The results show that the homofermentative lactic acid bacteria - mainly Lactobacillus plantarum - are more numerous than the heterofermentative ones before the malolactic fermentation. They decrease during the fermentative process and disappear with its completion.The heterofermentative lactic aeid baeteria, whose main specie is Leuconostoc oenos evolves inversely.A low increase of Pediococcus has been observed too after the beginning of malolactic fermentation. A statistical analysis confirms the main points of this research.The application of malolactic fermentation becomes more efficient the second year; it is favoured in press-wines and for temperatures kept at 20-25°C; the bacteria population is also increased.The persued reduction of total acidity in wines, which underwent malolactic fermentation, was considerable.

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Hojjati-Talemi, Reza, Steven Cooreman, and Dennis Van Hoecke. "Finite element simulation of dynamic brittle fracture in pipeline steel: A XFEM-based cohesive zone approach." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications 232, no. 5 (January 13, 2016): 357–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1464420715627379.

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Leaking in a CO2 pipeline could escalate to sudden crack propagation, due to a large temperature drop. The resulting drop in fracture toughness together with the pressure stresses at the defect plane leads to pipeline brittle fracture. The main objective of this study is to monitor and predict brittle fracture behaviour of API X70 pipeline steel by means of experimental and numerical approaches, respectively. Dynamic fracture properties of CO2 line pipe steels are generally assessed using the Charpy impact test. To this end, Charpy V-notch tests are performed at different temperatures in order to study the resistance of materials subjected to impact loading conditions. The Charpy test provides valuable indications on the impact properties of materials. Using the experimental results the ductile to brittle transition temperature curve is presented. The extended finite element method based cohesive zone approach is introduced to model the brittle fracture at low temperature. After validation of the developed model against experimental observation significant results from the simulation are graphically presented and discussed.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "API Main Text method"

Forni, Fabio. "Investigating the axial response of pile foundations for offshore wind turbines." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017.

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I crescenti problemi legati ai cambiamenti climatici rendono l'impiego delle energie rinnovabili sempre più interessante. In questa ottica, in Germania si sta pianificando di aumentare la produzione di energia pulita attraverso lo sfruttamento dell’energia eolica. Nuovi impianti di turbine eoliche sono previsti nel Mare del Nord in acque medio profonde (25-45m) dove la parte immersa della struttura della turbina eolica (chiamata sottostruttura) è spesso costituita da una struttura jacket (traliccio) o tripod (a treppiedi). Questo tipo di sottostrutture trasmettono principalmente carichi assiali alle fondazioni (in genere fondazioni su palo), e il carico a trazione è la forza che maggiormente ne influenza il dimensionamento. Molte compagnie energetiche tedesche sono interessate a migliorare l’efficienza e i costi dei loro impianti eolici e, per questo, incaricano università ed istituti di ricerca (come il Fraunhofer IWES) per indagarne gli aspetti, come ad esempio il comportamento delle fondazioni offshore. All’autore di questa tesi è stata data l’opportunità di studiare e lavorare al Fraunhofer IWES e perciò questa tesi tratterà del compramento di pali caricati assialmente e staticamente pensati per sottostrutture jacket o tripod per turbine eoliche. Nello studio effettuato per questa tesi, i dati seprimentali, ottenuti da una campagna sperimentale condotta (in larga scala 1:10 1:5) su pali infissi in terreno sabbioso, sono confrontati attraverso l’impiego delle load-transfer curves (funzioni che descrivono il comportamento d’interfaccia palosuolo) usando sia un’approccio classico (fornito dal metodo di calcolo API Main Text) sia approcci più recenti (dati dai metodi di calcolo CPT). Uno script Matlab creato appositamente dall’autore di questa tesi riesce ad implementare 11 diversi tipi di load-transfer curves. Il lavoro di tesi si conclude con un esempio pratico in grado di fornire un’idea di come questo script può essere usato nella progettazione.

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Books on the topic "API Main Text method"

Karabuschenko, Pavel. Political hermeneutics. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/995431.

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The monograph is devoted to the problem of formation and development of this branch of the division of hermeneutics as a political hermeneutics. Considered as the very origins of this hermeneutic stemming directly from the history of classical hermeneutics (Chapter 1) and its methodological principles (Chapter 2) and application characteristics (Chapter 3). It is from this triad (history — theory — practice) by the author and displayed the Foundation of political hermeneutics, which seems to them as the "deep method" study of the essence of the political elites and elitism and is characterized as a methodological division of lithologie to uncover the political "backstage" as the main sphere of professional activity of non-public elites. In the formation of hermeneutical understanding, it is important to clarify the internal relationship of this triad as a "language — word — text". The author consistently reveals the idea that language is expressed in the word exactly the same as the word in the text, which in turn is designed for disclosure in another language and in another word (in the "I — don't-Ya"). Designed for students and professionals; anyone interested in the problems of political consciousness and thinking of the elites.

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IEEE standard for information technology--: Test methods for measuring conformance to X.400-based electronic messaging--application program interface (API) [language independent]. New York, NY, USA: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1993.

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Board, IEEE Standards, IEEE Computer Society. Portable Applications Standards Committee., and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers., eds. IEEE standard for information technology--: Test methods for measuring conformance to X.400-based electronic messaging C language interfaces--Binding for application program interface (API). New York: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 1993.

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Law, David R. The Historical–Critical Method. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9780567701251.

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Historical Critical Analysis is the main way in which the Bible (both the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament and the New Testament) has been examined and read by scholars in the last century. The term refers to a range of methodologies which examine the origins of biblical texts, in relation to other contemporaneous texts, to form critical approaches and to questions of authorship, audience and authenticty. The aim is to get as close to the ‘original text’ and its ‘original meaning’ as possible. For many years Historical Critical Method has been the cornerstone upon which biblical scholarship is built, even as modern studies examine other theoretical approaches to reading the text in history, tradition, and from different audience perspectives the Historical Critical Method still presents the crucial starting point for students and scholars.

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Caramani, Daniele. Introduction to comparative politics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780198737421.003.0001.

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This text provides a comprehensive introduction to comparative politics. Comparative politics is an empirical science that deals primarily with domestic politics. It is one of the three main subfields of political science, alongside international relations and political theory. Comparative politics has three goals: to describe differences and similarities between political systems and their features; to explain these differences; and to predict which factors may cause specific outcomes. This edition compares the most important features of national political systems and contains chapters on integration, globalization, and promotion of democracy in non-Western parts of the world. This introductory chapter explains what comparative politics is and discusses its substance as well as method.

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Petersen, Kristian. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190634346.003.0001.

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The primary objective of this introduction is to establish the key theoretical concerns that are examined through the Han Kitab body of literature. The text defines the analytical boundaries of this discussion and identifies key issues about the study of Muslims in China—translation, interpretation, and sources. It defines the Han Kitab tradition as a genre of Chinese-language Islamic texts, which deploy “literati” discourses, themes, and references. Following this, the main subjects of the book, Wang Daiyu (1590–1658), Liu Zhi (1670–1724), and Ma Dexin (1794–1874), are briefly introduced. Next, the text critiques notions of centers and peripheries in establishing authenticity, orthodoxy, and authority. We argue that these literary artifacts are best understood as being produced within a dialogical process of past, present, and future readers and sources. Overall, the discussion describes a clear methodological method for a comparative assessment of key categories in the study of religion through an analysis of the Sino-Islamic tradition.

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Camper, Martin. Jurisdiction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190677121.003.0007.

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Chapter 7 investigates the multiple ways arguers can question the legitimacy of an interpretation, thereby entering the stasis of jurisdiction. There are two main points of contention in this stasis: whether the person issuing the interpretation has the right to do so, and whether the interpreted text has any authority on the issue at hand. Other concerns involve the place, time, style, and delivery of an interpretation, as well as the hermeneutic method behind an interpretation. This chapter’s extended analysis examines the lines of argument fifteenth-century Italian humanist Lorenzo Valla employed to discredit the forged Donation of Constantine, an imperial decree allegedly written by Constantine the Great that ceded power over the Western Roman Empire to the pope. Studying the types of arguments people use in the stasis of jurisdiction reveals the specific ways that communities manage, control, and coordinate acts of textual interpretation in alignment with their values.

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Caramani, Daniele, ed. Comparative Politics. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780198820604.001.0001.

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Comparative Politics provides an introduction to the field. Comparative politics is an empirical science that deals primarily with domestic politics. It is one of the three main subfields of political science, alongside international relations and political theory. The text provides a comprehensive introduction to comparative politics. It includes three chapters dedicated to familiarizing readers with the comparative approach, discussing substance as well as method. It then guides readers through a thematically organized, comprehensive analysis of the core methods, theories, and concepts in comparative politics. Empirical data is drawn on to demonstrate key similarities and differences of political systems in practice. Increased focus is given to the Global South and its path towards democratization. At the end of each chapter, there are questions designed to encourage critical thinking. The six sections of the work deal with: theories and methods; the historical context; structures and institutions; actors and processes; public policies; and beyond the nation-state.

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Book chapters on the topic "API Main Text method"

Hötte, Felix, Oliver Günther, Christoph von Sethe, Matthias Haupt, Peter Scholz, and Michael Rohdenburg. "Lifetime Experiments of Regeneratively Cooled Rocket Combustion Chambers and PIV Measurements in a High Aspect Ratio Cooling Duct." In Notes on Numerical Fluid Mechanics and Multidisciplinary Design, 279–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53847-7_18.

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Abstract This paper aims at experimental investigations of the life limiting mechanisms of regeneratively cooled rocket combustion chambers, especially the so called doghouse effect. In this paper the set up of a cyclic thermo-mechanical fatigue experiment and its results are shown. This experiment has an actively cooled fatigue specimen that is mounted downstream of a subscale GOX-GCH$$_{\text {4}}$$ combustion chamber with rectangular cross section. The specimen is loaded cyclically and inspected after each cycle. The effects of roughness, the use of thermal barrier coatings, the length of the hot gas phase, the oxygen/fuel ratio and the hot gas pressure are shown. In a second experiment the flow in a generic high aspect ratio cooling duct is measured with the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) to characterize the basic flow. The main focus of the analysis is on the different recording and processing parameters of the PIV method. Based on this analysis a laser pulse interval and the window size for auto correlation is chosen. Also the repeatability of the measurements is demonstrated. These results are the starting point for future measurements on the roughness effect on heat transfer and pressure loss in a high aspect ratio cooling duct.

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Laurent, Gery, Benjamin Guinhouya, Marielle Whatelet, and Antoine Lamer. "Automatic Exploitation of YouTube Data: A Study of Videos Published by a French YouTuber During COVID-19 Quarantine in France." In Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. IOS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti200705.

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The objective of this study was to test the feasibility of automatically extracting and exploiting data from the YouTube platform, with a focus on the videos produced by the French YouTuber HugoDécrypte during COVID-19 quarantine in France. For this, we used the YouTube API, which allows the automatic collection of data and meta-data of videos. We have identified the main topics addressed in the comments of the videos and assessed their polarity. Our results provide insights on topics trends over the course of the quarantine and highlight users sentiment towards on-going events. The method can be expanded to large video sets to automatically analyse high amount of user-produced data.

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"Integrating Existing Applications." In Business-Oriented Enterprise Integration for Organizational Agility, 183–211. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-3910-2.ch007.

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Enterprise applications are usually designed, developed, and deployed for well predefined business domains. In other words, domain-based applications mainly meet the needs of their focused business domains. Frequently, they complement each other by playing support roles during normal business operations. It is well recognized that organizations can maximally capitalize on their investments by fully leveraging all the available IT supports enabled by individual applications through enterprise integration. However, integrating distributed applications across an organization is challenging as these distributed applications are quite often found disparate and heterogeneous in many aspects. Regardless of how distributed applications were built and how they are disparate and heterogeneous, there are essentially four main categories of integration approaches used to address the integration needs in an organization. These categories are classified based on the hierarchical levels at which the integration takes place. The four level-based categories are data-, method-, API-, and process-levels. Accordingly, four integration methodologies are defined. This chapter mainly focuses on the explorations of the technical fundamentals of data-, method-, API-, and process-level integrations. An interface is the interaction channel provided by an application, which delivers a designated computing service for invocation. The accessibility of the interface to a computing service at any integration level in the hierarchy of a given application depends on the privilege enabled for the end users who requires the services. Different examples are used to demonstrate how data-, method-, and API-level integrations can be effectively applied in integrating distributed applications across an organization. An introduction to the process-level integration is presented in this chapter.

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Castilho, Wagner Francisco, Gentil José de Lucena Filho, Hércules Antonio do Prado, and Edilson Ferneda. "An Interpretation Process for Clustering Analysis Based on the Ontology of Language." In Emerging Technologies of Text Mining, 297–320. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-373-9.ch014.

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Clustering analysis (CA) techniques consist in, given a set of objects, estimating dense regions of points separated by sparse regions, according to the dimensions that describe these objects. Independently from the data nature – structured or non-structured -, we look for homogenous clouds of points, that define clusters, from which we want to extract some meaning. In other words, when doing CA, the analyst is searching for underlying structures in a multidimensional space for what one could assign some meaning. Grossly, to carry a CA application, two main activities are involved: generating clusters configurations by means of an algorithm and interpreting these configurations in order to approximate a solution that could contribute with the CA application objective. Generating a clusters configuration is typically a computational task, while the interpretation task brings a strong burden of subjectivity. Many approaches are presented in the literature for generating clusters configuration. Unfortunately, the interpretation task has not received so much attention, possibly due to the difficulty in modeling something that is subjective in nature. In this chapter a method to guide the interpretation of a clusters configuration is proposed. The inherent subjectivity is approached directly by describing the process with the apparatus of the Ontology of Language. The main contribution of this chapter is to provide a sound conceptual basis to guide the analyst in extracting meaning from the patterns found in a set of data, no matter we are talking about data bases, a set of free texts, or a set of web pages.

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Beiser, Frederick C. "Strauß’s Method and Its Problems." In David Friedrich Strauß, Father of Unbelief, 54–65. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859857.003.0006.

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The main subject of this chapter is Strauß’s method in Das Leben Jesu. It argues that Strauß’s method was simply historical and that it had no definite philosophical or theological presuppositions. Its aim was simply to determine the reliability of the historical statements in the New Testament; Strauß took into consideration all the factors determining that reliability, viz., the reliability of witnesses, their consistency among each other, whether their account was first- or second-hand. The role of the principle of causality in Strauβ‎’s method is then discussed. This chapter also considers the charge that Strauß’s method was too negative, guaranteeing its results by simply presupposing the principle of causality. It is argued that Strauß’s method was not only critical but also hermeneutic, attempting a historical understanding of the intentions behind a text. Finally, the question is broached of the Hegelian influence on Strauß’s method. It is argued that Strauß presupposed no Hegelian metaphysics in the application of his method, but that certain aspects behind its form—that it is hermenetical and internal—are still Hegelian.

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Buabin, Emmanuel. "Adaptive Network Structures for Data/Text Pattern Recognition (Theory)." In Graph Theory for Operations Research and Management, 179–95. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2661-4.ch013.

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The objective of this chapter is the introduction of artificial neural networks in the context of directed graphs. In particular, a linkage from graph theory through signal flow graphs to artificial neural networks is provided. Within the context of pattern recognition, a number of feed-forward neural based approaches are introduced and discussed. Motivation leading to the design of each neural method is also given. The main contribution of this book chapter is the provision of a basic introductory text with less mathematical rigor for the benefit of students, tutors, lecturers, researchers, and/or professionals who wish to delve into the foundational representations, concepts, and theory of bio-inspired intelligent systems.

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"why? Not allowing enough time to read a text can be fatal to understanding, which in turn causes stress. There are four main stages to any reading enterprise: (1) preparation prior to reading: • locating texts; • ascertaining purpose for reading; (2) methods of reading; (3) understanding what is being read; (4) critically evaluating what is being read. These are deceptively easy stages to set out but much harder to utilise for the first time, especially if readers have already established ill-disciplined approaches to reading. Each of the above stages can be split into sub-stages; such analysis is necessary to obtain the fullest comprehension of the text. The following strategy for competent reading demonstrates this. 6.3A STRATEGY FOR COMPETENT READING STAGE 1 Preparation prior to reading." In Legal Method and Reasoning, 189–92. Routledge-Cavendish, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843145103-145.

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"Figure 3.1: main sources of English law One factor which may seem difficult at first is getting to grips with these various legal rules. To competently handle primary texts of law, there is a need to: (a) locate and understand the various sources of the rules; (b) learn how they can be used to provide a resolution to disputes of a legal nature; (c) learn how to engage in applying and interpreting the rules; (d) understand the interconnections between the main sources of English law and in particular the relationship between cases and legislation. In order to give a context for the reading and analysing techniques that enable primary texts of law to be properly understood, it is necessary to describe briefly each of the main sources of law. These important sources of law are of course studied in more detail in courses on constitutional and administrative law (or public law), English legal system and European law and human rights. 3.3.1 The common law The phrase ‘common law’ has several meanings which vary according to context but as used in this text it means no more and no less than:." In Legal Method and Reasoning, 44. Routledge-Cavendish, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843145103-31.

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"The word essay means ‘to lay out an argument’. All writing revolving around the laying out of argument in the form of an essay has a disarmingly simple structure: (a) An introduction laying out the brief details of the argument, describing succinctly the issues the essay will discuss (and why) and hinting at the conclusion. It is important to ‘begin with the end in mind’. The introduction can be thought of as the road map to the essay, detailing to the reader where they will be taken. Do, however, make sure that in your conclusion you have taken the reader to the place you said you were taking them to! The introduction should be refined and finalised when the main body of the essay is finished and your conclusions are clearer. (b) The main part of the essay, which is often referred to as the body of the text. Here, you will set out the propositions of your argument in a carefully preplanned manner with each proposition supported by the evidence from the texts, cases, etc that you have consulted. (You should be clearer about argument structure having worked through Chapter 7.) It is absolutely essential to refer to case law, legislation, and textbooks and articles as appropriate in this main part of the essay or you will have nothing but unsupported claims that do not constitute an argument. (c) Your conclusion. This is • either—in answer to the specific question asked; • or—finalises your own decisions concerning the critique and review of information you have been given ‘to discuss’; • or—your final views on the issues you have been invited to extract for discussion. Your conclusion should align with your introduction and contain a brief survey of your argument and evidence as laid out in the body of the text, detailing strengths and weaknesses and then moving to your specific concluding response to the essay task. To obtain an idea of how essay tasks can differ in what they ask and the way they are presented read the following four sample essay tasks." In Legal Method and Reasoning, 266–67. Routledge-Cavendish, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781843145103-207.

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Majer, Zsuzsa. "Three Ritual Prayers by Öndör Gegeen Zanabazar." In Sources of Mongolian Buddhism, 329–58. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190900694.003.0016.

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This chapter covers three main works of Öndör Gegeen Zanabazar (1635–1723), who was the first head of Mongolian Buddhism. All three prayers translated in this chapter were composed in the Tibetan language. The first of them remains the most important prayer in the daily practice of Mongolian Buddhists, thus being the main prayer of Mongolian Buddhism in general, in which the texts of different Tibetan Buddhist traditions and lineages are otherwise used. The second translated prayer is a food offering text, often used in tantric rituals, and the third prayer is connected to a mantra recitation and the sādhana (“method of realization”) of Bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara. It contains a profound tantric doctrinal meaning and is closely related to the soyombo writing system created by Öndör Gegeen Zanabazar himself.

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Conference papers on the topic "API Main Text method"

Guo, Yunfei, Wenda Xu, Sarthak Pradhan, Cesar Bravo, and Pinhas Ben-Tzvi. "Integrated and Configurable Voice Activation and Speaker Verification System for a Robotic Exoskeleton Glove." In ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2020-22365.

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Abstract Efficient human-machine interface (HMI) for exoskeletons remains an active research topic, where sample methods have been proposed including using computer vision, EEG (electroencephalogram), and voice recognition. However, some of these methods lack sufficient accuracy, security, and portability. This paper proposes a HMI referred as integrated trigger-word configurable voice activation and speaker verification system (CVASV). The CVASV system is designed for embedded systems with limited computing power that can be applied to any exoskeleton platform. The CVASV system consists of two main sections, including an API based voice activation section and a deep learning based text-independent voice verification section. These two sections are combined into a system that allows the user to configure the activation trigger-word and verify the user’s command in real-time.

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Learn, Shawn, and Ehsan Shahidi. "Optimization of Averaging Window Length and Alarming Hold Time in Volume Balance RTTM Leak Detection to Minimize False Alarms and Spill Volume." In 2018 12th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2018-78791.

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Reliability and sensitivity are two main performance metrics of leak detection systems as defined by API 1130 [1]. Proper thresholding scheme is one of the primary factors in having a sensitive and reliable leak detection system with timely detection. In RTTM leak detection, if not dealt with properly, severe pipeline pressure transients can degrade the performance of the leak detection system. One of the common basic methods of reducing the effect of pressure transients is using moving averaging windows; having looser thresholds on the shorter averaging windows, while maintaining tighter thresholds on the longer ones. The thresholds are typically set to meet the API 1149 [2] curve for the pipeline. While the post-processing of filtered data and alarm assessment has been explored via different methods such as sequential probability ratio test, to the authors’ knowledge, there is currently no systematic way of selecting the averaging windows to minimize false alarms prior to the post-processing of the average-filtered data. Moreover, to be able to maintain tight thresholds, especially in shorter averaging windows, one of the common methods is to apply dynamic thresholds, i.e. temporarily expanding thresholds when transients occur. While effective in some scenarios, the main disadvantage of this method is that the imbalance caused by a transient may not clear until the entire averaging window period is passed. This causes either extended periods of degraded performance, or more false positives. This paper utilizes an alarming hold time (also referred to as alarm persistence [3]) to remedy this problem where the averaging window length is reduced while maintaining detection time and sensitivity. To find the optimal set of threshold values, hold times, and averaging window lengths, a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is performed. The ‘fitness function’ of the optimization algorithm is designed to minimize total spill volume for leak scenarios and have minimum false alarms for no-leak scenarios. The former is achieved via setting the objective function to the spill volume and the latter is enforced via applying constraints to the optimization algorithm. For no-leak scenarios, the historical operational data of a pipeline system is used. For leak scenarios, the historical data is modified by introducing a bias in the inlet volume of the section to simulate a leak. The result of the PSO provides a set of alarming parameters, threshold value, averaging window length, alarm hold time, and clearing threshold that provide the minimum false alarm rate and spill volume for different detectability ranges. The optimization method proposed in this paper can be applied to any mass or volume balance-based leak detection system that utilizes moving averaging windows. However, the leak detection parameters found with this method depend on the pipeline system.

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Chen, Guohua, and Bonuan Chen. "Procedures on Fracture Toughness Estimation Safety Assessment and Life Extension for In-Service High Pressure Vessels." In ASME/JSME 2004 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2004-2979.

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Based on the typical in-service high pressure vessels made of PCrNi3MoVA for producing synthetic crystal, a systematic technology of material fracture toughness estimation, structural integrity assessment, and life extension is carried out for the in-service equipment with the following aspects: macroscopically and microscopically analyzing, the tests including KIC, AKV, FATT (50%), the predicting method of fracture, system safety assessment, and the life extension technology. Some practical conclusions can be obtained from the test and analysis as follows: The main failure factors for this kind of high pressure vessels include heat treatment processes, temper brittleness, and stress corrosion; It is found that the value of FATT (50%) increased very significantly; The comparison between the test results and the predicted results of the value of KIC is also performed, and it is shown that the value of KIC of in-service equipment can be estimated by the formula presented by Barsom-Rolfe or in API 579 with the value of AKV, The test temperature is recommended at least to reach 25 C (or room temperature) for the repaired vessels; The life extension technologies are put forward for this kind of in-service super-high pressure vessels.

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Halsen, Kjell Olav, and Espen Heier. "Drop Weight Tear Testing of High Toughness Pipeline Material." In 2004 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0609.

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Drop Weight Tear Testing is a common test method for determining a material’s ability to arrest a propagating crack. This testing method was developed by Battelle Memorial Institute, and is conducted in accordance with standards as API RP 5L3 ‘Recommended Practice for Conducting Drop Weight Tear testing on Line Pipe’ and EN 10274 ‘Metallic Materials - Drop Weight Tear Test’. One problem that has been encountered when performing Drop Weight Tear Testing of high toughness TMCP materials is that the pre-deformed material in the pressed notch is not sufficiently embrittled to ensure initiation of a brittle fracture. According to prevailing standards a brittle initiation is necessary for a valid test result. The material opposite the notched side (impact side) will deform quite considerably and is due to strain hardening expected to loose toughness prior to the actual fracture initiation takes place. Consequently high toughness material may give poor test results. In that respect, DNV initiated a Joint Industry Project called ‘Drop Weight Tear Testing of High Toughness Pipeline Material’, where the main objective was to obtain a better understanding on how the results from the DWTT should be interpreted for high toughness pipeline steels. During the project an extensive amount of Drop Weight Tear tests (DWTT) were performed on relevant modern pipeline steels. The resulting shear ratios were determined according to conventional fracture surface evaluation methods as well as newly developed methods as presented in the literature. The appearance of energy curves for both regular DWTT specimens and specimens with varying back gouge depths was also considered in the investigation and the consistency between the estimated shear ratios and the corresponding measured absorbed energies were thoroughly evaluated. This paper summarizes the results and recommendations obtained in the performed investigations.

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Focke, E. S., E. Karjadi, A. M. Gresnigt, J. Meek, and H. Nakasugi. "Reeling of Tight Fit Pipe (TFP)." In ASME 2007 26th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2007-29100.

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A 12.75 inch outer diameter single walled pipe bending test was executed and theoretical and FE analysis of this test was performed as preparation for 12.75 inch outer diameter TFP bending tests. The main objective of the TFP bending tests was to determine the initiation and degree of liner wrinkling occurring during the TFP spooling-on phase when simulating the reeling pipelay installation method. Due to lack of a definition of liner wrinkling initiation, the crossing of a certain threshold of the liner wrinkle height was defined as liner wrinkling initiation. The bending tests results indicated that (1) the extent of liner wrinkling decreased if TFP with a high mechanical bonding strength was used. (2) The presence of a circumferential weld in the highly bonded TFPs initiated higher liner wrinkles at lower curvatures than in case no circumferential weld was present. (3) The ERW outer pipe longitudinal weld did not result in higher liner wrinkles. API residual compressive stress tests showed that the initial mechanical bonding strength in the 12.75 inch TFP used in this research was significantly reduced, irrespective of whether a high or a low initial mechanical bonding strength had been used prior to spooling-on. These findings justify further research into this phenomenon as the eventual mechanical bonding strength after reeling installation may be vital for its anticipated application during operation.

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Shin, Min Hyo, Jong Man Han, Young Su Lee, and Hee Woong Kang. "Study on Defect Formation Mechanisms in ERW for API Steel." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33082.

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In this study, defect formation mechanisms in the ERW (electric resistance welding) process for API pipe production were investigated. The results showed that defects observed in the weld joint of ERW pipe are a main factor in the deterioration of the mechanical properties of welded joints. From systematical research, it was clear that the crucial main defects of ERW pipe are caused by large inclusions with complex compositions after the steel making process and penetrators formed during ERW welding with excessive heat input condition. In order to guarantee the toughness of the weld joints, after theoretical and experimental considerations ERW pipe weld defect reducing methods can be recommended. According to previous test results, it was clear that the hook cracks caused by large inclusions were reduced by selecting the slag composition ratio of CaO and Al2O3 at the eutectoid point during steel making process. On the other hand, in case of the penetrator formation type defects, it was defined that by controlling of the heat input in the optimization range was the best solution for decreasing the penetrator formation.

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Zhang, Yubo, Youyuan Wang, Hongrui Gu, Lifeng Liu, Jianguang Zhang, and Haifeng Lin. "Defect Diagnosis Method of Main Transformer Based on Operation and Maintenance Text Mining." In 2020 IEEE International Conference on High Voltage Engineering and Application (ICHVE). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ichve49031.2020.9280086.

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Piras, Fabrizio, Federico Bucciarelli, Damaso Checcacci, and Filippo Ingrasciotta. "Steam Turbine Overspeed Scenarios: Comparison Between API Energy Method and Dynamic Simulation." In ASME Turbo Expo 2021: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2021-59257.

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Abstract In turbomachinery applications the possibility to reduce size and costs of main flow-path components, by increasing shaft rotating speed, has always been appealing. The technological challenge in increasing this power density capability is typically related to performance prediction, to operating stress in blades and shafts, as well as to the need for a more accurate rotor-dynamic analysis. Yet another aspect, often reduced to standard assessments in less demanding applications, is related to the analysis of overspeed scenarios where, following a sudden loss of load and/or driven inertia, the turbomachine shall maintain its mechanical integrity. Especially in steam turbines applications, where the behavior of the machine is strongly affected by the plant conditions, valves intervention time and connected volumes, the reduction of the rotor inertia, against comparable power, may produce overspeed scenarios that can become a primary design constraint and, if overlooked, may have both availability and safety implications. In this paper several approaches to the analysis of overspeed scenarios are discussed, with increasing level of detail. The energy-based overspeed analysis method, as required by API612, is first discussed against practical design cases. A more accurate dynamic model is then presented, and its results compared with those of the energy-based approach. Finally, the sensitivity analysis of the overspeed peak value with respect to critical design parameters is discussed. With respect to previous works, mostly based on load rejection scenarios, the main focus is on the scenario of sudden coupling loss.

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Zhang, Guangli, Jinheng Luo, Xinwei Zhao, Hua Zhang, Liang Zhang, and Yi Zhang. "Research on the Fatigue Character of ERW Pipe Welded Seam and Fatigue Life Assessment Method." In 2010 8th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2010-31226.

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The fatigue character of electric resistance weld (ERW) seams in API X65 grade line pipe steel at the stress ratio of 0.1 and 0.6 have been investigated. Repeated loading was applied to compact tension specimen, and the fatigue crack propagation rate and threshold of X65 ERW pipe seam are tested using high-frequency fatigue testing machine. Radiographic inspection has shown that the crack caused by the cold welding is the main weld defect in the ERW pipe. Based on the failure assessment diagram (FAD) recommended in the API 579-2007 and the Miner’s linear cumulative damage model, considering the influence of stress ratio to the fatigue life, the fatigue life assessment method for the ERW pipe containing seam defects is established.

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Breitenbach, Joseane O., Tiago S. Renck, Pedro M. Moraes, Carlos E. Fortis Kwietniewski, Telmo R. Strohaecker, Gutemberg S. Pimenta, and Ilson Palmieri Baptista. "Evaluation of Stress Corrosion Cracking Susceptibility of the API 5L X70 Steel in Corn and Sugar Cane Ethanol Environments." In ASME 2015 34th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2015-42184.

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The interest in renewable and cleaner fuels has stimulated ethanol production in the last decades. Some of the drivers for that ever increasing production were the Brazilian Alcohol Program, Kyoto Protocol and the replacement in USA of the octane booster MBTE (methyl-tert-buthyl ether) for ethanol. The world’s largest producers of ethanol are The United States of America and Brazil, where the main sources are corn and sugar cane, respectively. Production flow via pipeline is the safest and most cost effective way to connect the producers, usually spread across the country, to the distribution terminals. However, in USA there are evidences that ethanol may have caused stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in pipelines and also in storage tanks. Controversially, in Brazil ethanol has been transported and stored since the 1970’s without any indication of SCC. The aim of this work is to evaluate the susceptibility of the steel API 5L X70 [1] to SCC in different ethanol (corn and sugar cane) using slow strain rate testing (SSRT). These tests were carried out on notched specimens according to NACE TM 0111 [2]. The SSRT results carried out in corn ethanol have shown a considerable reduction of plastic elongation and a mixed fracture micromechanism of quasi-cleavage and intergranular facets clearly indicating a susceptibility of the API 5L X70 steel to SCC. The SSRT also demonstrated that the carbon steel tested here is completely immune to SCC in sugar cane ethanol.

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Reports on the topic "API Main Text method"

Ripey, Mariya. NUMBERS IN THE NEWS TEXT (BASED ON MATERIAL OF ONE ISSUE OF NATIONWIDE NEWSPAPER “DAY”). Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.50.11106.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of the digital content of publications of one issue of the daily All-Ukrainian newspaper “Den” (March 13-14, 2020). The author aims to identify the main thematic groups of digital designations, as well as to consider cases of justified and unsuccessful use of digital designations. Applying the content analysis method, the author identifies publications that contain numerical notations, determines the number of such notations and their affiliation with the main subject groups. Finds that the thematic group of digital designations “time” (58.6% of all digital designations) is much more dominant. This indicates that timing is the most important task of a newspaper text. The second largest group of digital designations is “measure” (15.8% of all digital designations). It covers dimensions and proportions, measurements of distance, weight, volume, and more. The third largest group of digital signage is money (8.2% of all digital signage), the fourth is numbering (5.2% of all digital signage), and the fifth is people (4.4% of all digital signage). The author focuses on the fact that the digits of the journalist’s text are both a source of information and a catch for the reader. Vivid indicators give the text a sense of accuracy. When referring digital data to the text, journalists must adhere to certain rules for the writing of ordinal numbers with incremental graduation; submission of dates; pointing to unique integers that are combined (or not combined) with units of physical quantities, monetary units, etc.; writing a numerator at the beginning of a sentence; unified presentation of data. This will greatly facilitate the reader’s perception of the information.

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Baluk, Nadia, Natalia Basij, Larysa Buk, and Olha Vovchanska. VR/AR-TECHNOLOGIES – NEW CONTENT OF THE NEW MEDIA. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11074.

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The article analyzes the peculiarities of the media content shaping and transformation in the convergent dimension of cross-media, taking into account the possibilities of augmented reality. With the help of the principles of objectivity, complexity and reliability in scientific research, a number of general scientific and special methods are used: method of analysis, synthesis, generalization, method of monitoring, observation, problem-thematic, typological and discursive methods. According to the form of information presentation, such types of media content as visual, audio, verbal and combined are defined and characterized. The most important in journalism is verbal content, it is the one that carries the main information load. The dynamic development of converged media leads to the dominance of image and video content; the likelihood of increasing the secondary content of the text increases. Given the market situation, the effective information product is a combined content that combines text with images, spreadsheets with video, animation with infographics, etc. Increasing number of new media are using applications and website platforms to interact with recipients. To proceed, the peculiarities of the new content of new media with the involvement of augmented reality are determined. Examples of successful interactive communication between recipients, the leading news agencies and commercial structures are provided. The conditions for effective use of VR / AR-technologies in the media content of new media, the involvement of viewers in changing stories with augmented reality are determined. The so-called immersive effect with the use of VR / AR-technologies involves complete immersion, immersion of the interested audience in the essence of the event being relayed. This interaction can be achieved through different types of VR video interactivity. One of the most important results of using VR content is the spatio-temporal and emotional immersion of viewers in the plot. The recipient turns from an external observer into an internal one; but his constant participation requires that the user preferences are taken into account. Factors such as satisfaction, positive reinforcement, empathy, and value influence the choice of VR / AR content by viewers.

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Ivanova, Iryna, and Elena Afanasieva. MODEL OF INTERACTION BETWEEN ADVERTISING, PR AND JOURNALISM. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11060.

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The article is an overview of the journalism – PR – advertising relationship at the terminological, empirical-analytical and practical levels. It traces the state of the discussion of these correlations in the post-soviet media such as Ukraine. The study describes that domesticating the importance of the appropriate partnership between the three communication technologies. The thesis is that journalism, advertising and PR create a mutual connection that takes place in an atmosphere of PR and advertising permissiveness and deepens with the development of digitalization, Social network development. The present research is based on a comprehensive approach. The inductive and deductive methods are adopted to discuss theoretical materials, and the interdisciplinary research method is used to detect PR-specific features as a philosophy of a new journalism project. The interpretive approach, usually employed to analyze media text as a complex synthetic structure, was also taken into consideration. The analytical method application identified the modern means of substantiating the ideological, esthetical and informative value of brand journalism and spin doctor. The innovative character of modern media as a behavioral strategy in the advertising and PR industry consists in the fact that it is a form of creative production and behavior rather than adapting a specific communication situation. The article examines the main directions of contemporary interactions between PR, advertising and journalism as a media content creation. In this context, it is asserted that advertising, journalism and PR activities can contribute to the creation of media content. At some point, good media content is achieved not only as a result of this competition but also from the correlation between PR, advertising and journalism.

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Chornodon, Myroslava. FEAUTURES OF GENDER IN MODERN MASS MEDIA. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11064.

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The article clarifies of gender identity stereotypes in modern media. The main gender stereotypes covered in modern mass media are analyzed and refuted. The model of gender relations in the media is reflected mainly in the stereotypical images of men and woman. The features of the use of gender concepts in modern periodicals for women and men were determined. The most frequently used derivatives of these macroconcepts were identified and analyzed in detail. It has been found that publications for women and men are full of various gender concepts that are used in different contexts. Ingeneral, theanalysisofthe concept-maximums and concept-minimum gender and their characteristics is carried out in the context of gender stereotypes that have been forme dand function in the society, system atizing the a ctual presentations. The study of the gender concept is relevant because it reveals new trends and features of modern gender images. Taking into account the special features of gender-labeled periodicals in general and the practical absence of comprehensive scientific studies of the gender concept in particular, there is a need to supplement Ukrainian science with this topic. Gender psychology, which is served by methods of various sciences, primarily sociological, pedagogical, linguistic, psychological, socio-psychological. Let us pay attention to linguistic and psycholinguistic methods in gender studies. Linguistic methods complement intelligence research tasks, associated with speech, word and text. Psycholinguistic methods used in gender psychology (semantic differential, semantic integral, semantic analysis of words and texts), aimed at studying speech messages, specific mechanisms of origin and perception, functions of speech activity in society, studying the relationship between speech messages and gender properties participants in the communication, to analyze the linguistic development in connection with the general development of the individual. Nowhere in gender practice there is the whole arsenal of psychological methods that allow you to explore psychological peculiarities of a person like observation, experiments, questionnaires, interviews, testing, modeling, etc. The methods of psychological self-diagnostics include: the gender aspect of the own socio-psychological portrait, a gender biography as a variant of the biographical method, aimed at the reconstruction of individual social experience. In the process of writing a gender autobiography, a person can understand the characteristics of his gender identity, as well as ways and means of their formation. Socio-psychological methods of studying gender include the study of socially constructed women’s and men’s roles, relationships and identities, sexual characteristics, psychological characteristics, etc. The use of gender indicators and gender approaches as a means of socio-psychological and sociological analysis broadens the subject boundaries of these disciplines and makes them the subject of study within these disciplines. And also, in the article a combination of concrete-historical, structural-typological, system-functional methods is implemented. Descriptive and comparative methods, method of typology, modeling are used. Also used is a method of content analysis for the study of gender content of modern gender-stamped journals. It was he who allowed quantitatively to identify and explore the features of the gender concept in the pages of periodicals for women and men. A combination of historical, structural-typological, system-functional methods is also implemented in the article. Descriptive and comparative methods, method of typology, modeling are used. A method of content analysis for the study of gender content of modern gender-labeled journals is also used. It allowed to identify and explore the features of the gender concept quantitatively in the periodicals for women and men. The conceptual perception and interpretation of the gender concept «woman», which is highlighted in the modern gender-labeled press in Ukraine, requires the elaboration of the polyfunctionality of gender interpretations, the comprehension of the metaphorical perception of this image and its role and purpose in society. A gendered approach to researching the gender content of contemporary periodicals for women and men. Conceptual analysis of contemporary gender-stamped publications within the gender conceptual sphere allows to identify and correlate the meta-gender and gender concepts that appear in society.

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