Relevant bibliographies by topics / API X65 steel

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'API X65 steel'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 15 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "API X65 steel"

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Oh, Chang Kyun, Yun Jae Kim, Jong Hyun Baek, Young Pyo Kim, and Woo Sik Kim. "A Micromechanical Model for Ductile Fracture of API X65." Key Engineering Materials 321-323 (October 2006): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.321-323.43.

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This paper presents a micro-mechanical model of ductile fracture for the API X65 steel, using the Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman (GTN) model. Experimental tests and FE damage simulations using the GTN model are performed for smooth and notched tensile bars with three different notch radii, from which micromechanical parameters in the GTN model are calibrated. The calibrated micro-mechanical model is applied to quantify pre-strain effects on plastic deformation and fracture of the API X65 steel. Good agreements of the FE damage results with experimental data suggest confidence in the use of the pro
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Araújo, Bruno Araújo, Reginaldo Florêncio De Paiva Filho, Eudésio Oliveira Vilar, Misael Souto De Oliveira, and Antonio Almeida Silva. "Estudo do efeito da tensão sobre a permeação por Hidrogênio em Aços API 5L X60 e API 5L X65." Revista Principia - Divulgação Científica e Tecnológica do IFPB 1, no. 37 (2017): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18265/1517-03062015v1n37p18-26.

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<p>Under operating conditions, the oil and gas transmission pipelines can be subjected to high pressures and, at the same time, suffer the effect of acidic substances in the transported hydrocarbons such as H2S, whose action alone or combined with stresses acting in the structure can cause degradation processes of the mechanical properties of the material. Given the importance of the phenomenon, this work has as main objective the realization of hydrogen electrochemical permeation tests in API 5L X60 and API 5L X65 steels under mechanical loading conditions. A device for performing elect
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Quej-Ake, L. M., J. Marín-Cruz, and A. Contreras. "Electrochemical study of the corrosion rate of API steels in clay soils." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 64, no. 1 (2017): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-03-2015-1512.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper was to study the corrosion process of API X52, X60, X65, X70 and X80 steels exposed to two clay soils collected in two states of Mexico (Tabasco and Campeche). To saturate the soils, 60 mL of deionized water was added to simulate the conditions for dry and wet season, due to in field, the climate change could modifies the physicochemical properties of the soils for each season of the year and this generate a variable environment, which affect the electrochemical responses on steel–soil interface. Design/methodology/approach The corrosion evaluation was carried
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Quej-Ake, L. M., A. Contreras, H. B. Liu, J. L. Alamilla, and E. Sosa. "Assessment on external corrosion rates for API pipeline steels exposed to acidic sand-clay soil." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 65, no. 3 (2018): 281–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-12-2017-1874.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to study the susceptibility to corrosion processes of X60, X65 and X70 steels immersed in sand-clay soil with pH 3.0, using electrochemical techniques, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Design/methodology/approach Natural acidic soil sample was collected as close as possible to buried pipes (1.2 m in depth) in a Right of Way from south of Mexico. Both steels and soil were characterized through SEM and XRD. Then, open circuit potential was recorded for all steels exposed to soil at different expos
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Cheng, Yuanpeng, Zili Li, Yalei Zhao, Yazhou Xu, Qianqian Liu, and Yu Bai. "Effect of main controlling factor on the corrosion behaviour of API X65 pipeline steel in the CO2/oil/water environment." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 64, no. 4 (2017): 371–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-04-2016-1665.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper was to investigate the corrosion behaviour of API X65 pipeline steel in the simulated CO2/oil/water emulsion using weight loss technique, potentiodynamic polarization technique and characterization of the corroded surface techniques. Design/methodology/approach The weight loss analysis, electrochemical study and surface investigation were carried out on API X65 pipeline steel that had been immersed in the CO2/oil/water corrosive medium to understand the corrosion behaviour of gathering pipeline steel. The weight loss tests were carried out in a 3L autoclave, a
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Hashemi, S. H. "Strength–hardness statistical correlation in API X65 steel." Materials Science and Engineering: A 528, no. 3 (2011): 1648–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2010.10.089.

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Kim, Yun Jae, Chang Kyun Oh, and Chang Sik Oh. "Application of the GTN Model to Quantify Constraint Effects on Ductile Fracture of API X65 Steels." Key Engineering Materials 324-325 (November 2006): 667–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.324-325.667.

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This paper quantifies the effects of geometry, the loading mode and the specimen size on fracture toughness of the API X65 steel, via plane strain finite element (FE) damage analyses using the GTN model. The validity of FE damage analyses is checked first by comparing with experimental test data for small-sized, cracked bar test. Then the analyses are extended to investigate the effects of the relative crack depth and the specimen size on fracture toughness. It is shown that fracture toughness of the API X65 steel increases with decreasing the relative crack depth and increasing the specimen s
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El-Danaf, Ehab, Muneer Baig, Abdulhakim Almajid, Waleed Alshalfan, Marawan Al-Mojil, and Saeed Al-Shahrani. "Mechanical, microstructure and texture characterization of API X65 steel." Materials & Design 47 (May 2013): 529–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2012.12.031.

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Testa, Gabriel, Nicola Bonora, Domenico Gentile, et al. "Strain capacity assessment of API X65 steel using damage mechanics." Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale 11, no. 42 (2017): 315–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3221/igf-esis.42.33.

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Rakhshkhorshid, M., and S. H. Hashemi. "Experimental study of hot deformation behavior in API X65 steel." Materials Science and Engineering: A 573 (June 2013): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2013.02.045.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "API X65 steel"

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Fischdick, Acuna Andres Fabricio. "Hybrid Laser Welding in API X65 and X70 Steels." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1462876479.

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ALVES, GILVANIA TERTO. "BEHAVIOR OF STRUCTURAL STEEL API 5L X65 AFTER EXPOSURE TO HYDROGEN: AN APPROACH BASED ON DUCTILE FRACTURE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2014. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=25057@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO<br>COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR<br>CENTRO FEDERAL DE EDUCAÇÃO TECNOLÓGICA CELSO SUCKOW FONSECA<br>PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO<br>Aços ARBL são cada vez utilizados na construção de linhas de dutos (pipelines) devido aos benefícios de pressões de linha mais elevadas, redução de peso do tubo, e, principalmente, diminuição dos riscos de falhas estruturais. Entretanto, tais tubos, em serviço offshore, podem ser fragilizados pela presença de H2S no fluido transportado. Sendo assim, esta pes
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Pereira, Viviam Serra Marques. "Efeito de características microestruturais na difusividade do hidrogênio em dois aços grau API X65." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3133/tde-23062017-163732/.

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Os aços de alta resistência e baixa liga são amplamente utilizados em dutos transportadores de óleo e gás e, atualmente, o desenvolvimento de novos projetos de liga e o uso de técnicas altamente avançadas de fabricação e processamento dos aços se tornaram essenciais para obtenção de estruturas que resistam aos danos provocados por H, principal motivo de falha de oleodutos e gasodutos em meios ricos em H2S. No presente trabalho, avaliou-se o efeito de características microestruturais na difusividade do H em dois aços grau API X65, com diferentes teores de Mn. Uma das chapas ainda está em fase e
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Sant'Anna, Pedro Carneiro. "Influencia de tratamentos termicos intercriticos na microestrutura e propriedades mecanicas do aço API 5L X65." [s.n.], 2006. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/263175.

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Orientador: Itamar Ferreira<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-06T19:34:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sant'Anna_PedroCarneiro_D.pdf: 9344836 bytes, checksum: 94a9ee7db0c54b4a0cb6d76fffb44467 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006<br>Resumo: Investigou-se o efeito de tratamentos térmicos intercríticos na microestrutura e propriedades mecânicas do aço API 5L X65 comumente utilizado em tubulações soldadas para transporte de óleo e gás. Vários pesquisadores demonstraram a existência de zonas frágeis na regiã
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Monte, Isabel Rocha do. "Caracterização microestrutural do Aço API 5L X65 soldado por feixe de elétrons com diferentes aportes térmicos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/97/97134/tde-07102013-114545/.

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Esta Dissertação abrange a caracterização microestrutural do aço API 5L X65 soldado por feixe de elétrons (EBW) com cinco diferentes aportes térmicos e sem o uso de metal de adição. O aço API 5L X65 pertence à classe de aços ARBL e é empregado na fabricação de oleodutos e gasodutos. As três regiões da solda metal-base (MB), zona termicamente afetada (ZTA) e zona fundida (ZF) foram caracterizadas por microscopia ótica (MO), microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV), difração de raios X e medidas de microdureza Vickers. As microestruturas encontradas nestas três regiões são bastante distintas. O
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ARAÚJO, Danielle Freire de. "Determinação de parâmetros cinéticos e de aprisionamento do hidrogênio em aços API 5L X60, X65 e X70 pela técnica de permeação eletroquímica." Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, 2017. http://dspace.sti.ufcg.edu.br:8080/jspui/handle/riufcg/1473.

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Submitted by Maria Medeiros (maria.dilva1@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-08-16T14:17:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DANIELLE FREIRE DE ARAÚJO - TESE (PPGEQ) 2017.pdf: 4185527 bytes, checksum: e932aa4fa6aa33e42656b4c6d33e01b5 (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T14:17:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DANIELLE FREIRE DE ARAÚJO - TESE (PPGEQ) 2017.pdf: 4185527 bytes, checksum: e932aa4fa6aa33e42656b4c6d33e01b5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08<br>Capes<br>O presente trabalho teve como objetivo o estudo do aprisionamento de hidrogênio em aços da classe API 5L X60, X65 e X70, classificados como aços de
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Fiori, Marco Aurelio Pereira. "Avaliação do efeito da deformação plástica sobre a permeabilidade ao hidrogênio de dois tubos API 5L X65 em meio sour." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3133/tde-08012018-113400/.

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Atualmente tubos de aço microligados são utilizados na construção de oleodutos e gasodutos para exploração e condução de petróleo e gás natural em águas profundas. Estas aplicações demandam a utilização de ligas metálicas que apresentem elevada resistência mecânica, boa soldabilidade e excelente resistência às falhas associadas ao hidrogênio devido ao trabalho em ambientes sour. O hidrogênio atômico oriundo da corrosão do aço entra na microestrutura do material através da superfície, devido à ação do H2S do meio que inibe a reação de recombinação do hidrogênio (H0+H0=H2) e sua consequente diss
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Santos, Elielson Alves dos. "Resistência à fadiga de tubo API 5L X65 cladeado e soldado circunferencialmente com eletrodos de Inconel® 625." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18158/tde-08062016-084524/.

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As recentes descobertas de petróleo e gás na camada do Pré-sal representam um enorme potencial exploratório no Brasil, entretanto, os desafios tecnológicos para a exploração desses recursos minerais são imensos e, consequentemente, têm motivado o desenvolvimento de estudos voltados a métodos e materiais eficientes para suas produções. Os tubos condutores de petróleo e gás são denominados de elevadores catenários ou do inglês \"risers\", e são elementos que necessariamente são soldados e possuem fundamental importância nessa cadeia produtiva, pois transportam petróleo e gás natural do fundo do
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Martinez, Juan David Santos. "Estudo comparativo da resistência à corrosão e permeabilidade do hidrogênio de aços API grau X65 baixo manganês em solução B da norma NACE TM-0284." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3133/tde-15012018-145847/.

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Aços de alta resistência e baixa liga (ARBL) têm sido bastante utilizados na fabricação de tubulações para o transporte de petróleo e gás. Entretanto, o uso destes materiais em meios com elevadas concentrações de H2S, denominados sour, tem resultado em falhas frequentes, devido à suscetibilidade destes materiais ao desenvolvimento do fenômeno de trincamento induzido pelo hidrogênio (Hydrogen Induced Cracking - HIC), assim como devido a problemas de corrosão. O desenvolvimento de diferentes processos tecnológicos para a produção de tubos de aços ARBL, tais como a laminação controlada e resfriam
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Avilés, Janeth Marlene Quispe. "Investigação da relação entre a suscetibilidade ao trincamento induzido pelo hidrogênio (HIC) e parâmetros de resistência à corrosão de tubos de aços ARBL graus API 5L X65 e X80." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3133/tde-05012018-104419/.

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Atualmente a maior parte da energia consumida no mundo provém de fontes como carvão, petróleo e gás natural. Nas últimas décadas, o aumento na demanda por petróleo e gás natural teve como resultado um grande aumento no uso de tubos de aço para transportar estes produtos por longas distâncias. Os aços de alta resistência e baixa liga (ARBL) produzidos de acordo com a norma API 5L são atrativos para estas aplicações por apresentarem boas propriedades mecânicas e soldabilidade aliadas a baixos custos. Entretanto, nestas aplicações os materiais são expostos a meios corrosivos com altos teores de H
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Book chapters on the topic "API X65 steel"

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Sim, Ho Sup, Ki Seop Cho, Kon Bae Lee, Hyung Ryul Yang, and Hoon Kwon. "Effect of Multipass Severe Rolling Process in the API X65 Steel." In Solid State Phenomena. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/3-908451-31-0.1341.

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Kim, Yun Jae, Chang Kyun Oh, and Chang Sik Oh. "Application of the GTN Model to Quantify Constraint Effects on Ductile Fracture of API X65 Steels." In Fracture and Damage Mechanics V. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-413-8.667.

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Benmoussat, A., and M. Traisnel. "Corrosion Study of API 5L X60 Gas Pipelines Steels in NS4 Simulated Soil." In Integrity of Pipelines Transporting Hydrocarbons. Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0588-3_12.

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Joseph, O. O., S. Sivaprasad, S. Tarafder, and J. A. Ajayi. "Comparative Assessment of the Fracture Behaviour of API-5L X65 and Micro-alloyed Steels in E80 Simulated Fuel Ethanol Environment." In TMS 2020 149th Annual Meeting & Exhibition Supplemental Proceedings. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-36296-6_124.

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Sameh, Boudiba, Hanini Karima, Boudiba Louiza, Saouane Izzeddine, and Benahmed Merzoug. "Mathematical Relationship Based on Experimental Data, for Corrosion Inhibition Mechanism of Phenolic Compounds Obtained from Echium italicum L." In Phenolic Compounds [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99616.

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We highlight in this chapter the corrosion protection using phenolic extract. The building of mathematical models using experimental results obtained from the investigation of phenolic molecules or fractions extracted from Echium italicum L., used as corrosion inhibitors is one of the new trends in the study of steel protection. The evaluation of the corrosion inhibition of carbon steel (API 5 L-X60) in a solution 1 M of hydrochloric acid was performed using gravimetric method, potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The predicted mathematical relationships between the corrosion rate and the inhibitory efficiency in the presence of the butanolic extract of Echium italicum L. (BEEI), when increasing temperature proved a good agreement between experimental and mathematical studies.
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DUNCUMB, A. C., and A. OKELL. "Ultrasonic Velocity Variations in API 5L Grade X60 Steel." In Impact of Non-Destructive Testing. Elsevier, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-040191-1.50011-4.

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Conference papers on the topic "API X65 steel"

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Hashemi, Sayyed H., and Mohammad R. Jalali. "Evaluation of Fracture Initiation Energy in API X65 Pipeline Steel." In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64149.

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In this paper, energy absorption characteristics of spiral welded gas pipeline steel are investigated under impact loading. Emphasise is given to energy consuming processes before fracture propagation in tested linepipe steel. The API X65 grade pipe was produced (by Sadid Pipe and Equipment Company) from thermo-mechanical controlled process (TMCP) coils supplied by a Korean steel mill. To measure material impact toughness, an instrumented Charpy machine was used. Experiments were conducted at room temperature on different sets of standard full size Charpy V-notched specimens taken from the pip
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Ju, Jang-Bog, Jung-Suk Lee, Jae-Il Jang, Woo-Sik Kim, and Dongil Kwon. "Metallurgical and Mechanical Features of API 5L X65 Pipeline Steel Weldment." In 2002 4th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2002-27180.

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Substantial differences amongst metallurgical and mechanical properties of base metal (BM), weld metal (WM) and heat-affected zone (HAZ) occur in general in welded steel structures It is common practice in various engineering structures to evaluate the fracture performance of welded structures by mechanical testing. Especially, the HAZ of steel welded joints shows a gradient of microstructure and mechanical properties from the fusion line to the unaffected base metal. This study is concerned with the effects of metallurgical and mechanical factors on the fracture performance of API 5L X65 pipe
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Ham, Yoonjin, Sanghoon Kim, Jeongho Lim, and Changhee Lee. "Improvement of Toughness of API X65 ERW Pipe Welds." In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64233.

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This study aims to evaluate the microstructure evolution and toughness improvement of API X65 steel ERW pipe welds through heat treatments. Heat treatment schedules of one step process (Normalizing) and two step process (QT: quenching and tempering) were tried to control the properties in the ERW welds and were simulated by Gleeble simulator. In as-welded specimen, metal flow and elongated vertical pearlite have been found at the as-welded bond line, and the microstructure consisted of bainite, Widmansta¨tten ferrite and elongated pearlite. The microstructures of the bond line were changed to
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Sant’anna, Pedro C., Ernandes M. Rizzo, Samuel Irati N. Gomes, and Itamar Ferreira. "Fracture Toughness of the API 5L X65 Steel Submitted to Intercritical Heat Treatments." In ASME 2002 21st International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2002-28115.

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The intercritical heat treatment effect on the mechanical properties of the API 5L X65 steel, microalloyed with Ti and Nb, widely used in welded structures, was investigated. The embrittlement, observed by several authors in the intercritical region of the heat affected zone of welds performed in HSLA steels, is closely related to the volume fraction of M-A constituent, formed in the cooling. Just upon the homogenization and normalizing heat treatments, the specimens were submitted to different intercritical heat treatments, performed at 780 °C for 30 minutes and cooled with various Δt8/5 rate
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Oh, Chang-Kyun, Yun-Jae Kim, Jong-Hyun Baek, Young-Pyo Kim, and Woo-Sik Kim. "Ductile Failure Analyses for API X65 Pipes Based on Local Failure Criteria." In ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93769.

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A local failure criterion for the API X65 steel is applied to predict ductile failure of full-scale API X65 pipes with simulated corrosion and gouge defects under internal pressure. The local failure criterion is the stress-modified fracture strain for the API X65 steel as a function of the stress triaxiality (defined by the ratio of the hydrostatic stress to the effective stress). Based on detailed FE analyses with the proposed local failure criteria, burst pressures of defective pipes are estimated and compared with experimental data. The Failure of corroded pipes is governed by local neckin
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Hashemi, S. H., D. Mohammadyani, Francisco Chinesta, Yvan Chastel, and Mohamed El Mansori. "Mechanical Characteristics of Submerged Arc Weldment in API Gas Pipeline Steel of Grade X65." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN MATERIALS AND PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES (AMPT2010). AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3552562.

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Chatzidouros, Elias V., Vassilios J. Papazoglou, and Dimitrios I. Pantelis. "Hydrogen Effect on Fracture Toughness of API 5L X70, X65 and X52 Pipeline Steel Welds: An Overview." In ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2011-49348.

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Steel welds representing three generations of pipeline steel were studied against hydrogen effect, using the fracture toughness parameter J integral which is a measure of the plastic work. The influence of hydrogen on the growth of a partial wall defect is studied and comparisons with the growth of the same defect in air are presented. The tests conducted were three-point bending fracture toughness tests, in air and in a hydrogen environment simulated by electrolysis. Reduction in J0 was observed in all pipeline steel grades as the current density increases, which was more pronounced in the ba
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Trevisan, R. E., N. F. Santos, H. C. Fals, and A. A. Santos. "Effect of Interpass Temperature on Morphology, Microstructure and Microhardness of Welded API 5L X65 Steel." In 2002 4th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2002-27112.

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The overwhelming bulk of oil and gas in pipeline construction is done by welding the individual joints of pipe together. In a broad sense, welding is a metal-joining process wherein coalescence is produced by heating to a suitable temperature. In pipeline construction, this temperature has to be sufficient to render fusion of the joint. The mechanical and metallurgical properties and distortions usually present in weld structures are strongly influenced by preheating and interpass temperatures that are applied during the welding process. Basically, interpass temperatures depend on two factors:
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Reuven, R., C. McCowan, E. Drexler, et al. "CTOA Results for X65 and X100 Pipeline Steels: Influence of Displacement Rate." In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64363.

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The toughness and plasticity of steel generally decreases with increasing testing rate. The crack tip opening angle (CTOA) was measured on two types of commercial pipeline steels API-X65 and API-X100, at a range of displacement rates to characterize rate effects. The testing was conducted at quasi-static and dynamic rates. The crosshead displacements in our test matrix ranged from 0.002 mm/s in the quasi-static mode to approximately 8000 mm/s in the dynamic mode. The quasi-static tests were conducted in a servo-hydraulic uniaxial test machine using Modified Double Cantilever Beam (MDCB) specim
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10

da Cunha, Carlos R., and Telmo R. Strohaecker. "Mechanic, Metalurgic and Factografic Characterization of a Composite of Microalloyed Steel (API X65) Cladded With Austenitic Stainless Steel (AISI 308L)." In 2006 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2006-10591.

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In some offshore structures, pipes with good mechanical resistance and internal surfaces that have also good corrosion resistance are necessary. To associate these properties, one possibility is to make a cladding process in the pipe. To evaluate this kind of composite, a pipe (API X65) was clad with stainless steel (ASTM 308L) by GMAW process and sectioned in several specimens for different analyses. The work starts qualifying the quality of the composite with bending tests. The load that was recorded in this test was the guide to three-point-fatigue tests that gave us the possibility to plot
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