Relevant bibliographies by topics / Appalachian fold and thrust belt / Journal articles
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Appalachian fold and thrust belt.

Journal articles on the topic 'Appalachian fold and thrust belt'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 17 February 2022

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles

Select a source type:

Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Appalachian fold and thrust belt.'

Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.

Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.

1

Lammie, Daniel, Nadine McQuarrie, and Peter B. Sak. "Quantifying shortening across the central Appalachian fold-thrust belt, Virginia and West Virginia, USA: Reconciling grain-, outcrop-, and map-scale shortening." Geosphere 16, no. 5 (August 10, 2020): 1276–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges02016.1.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract We present a kinematic model for the evolution of the central Appalachian fold-thrust belt (eastern United States) along a transect through the western flank of the Pennsylvania salient. New map and strain data are used to construct a balanced geologic cross section spanning 274 km from the western Great Valley of Virginia northwest across the Burning Spring anticline to the undeformed foreland of the Appalachian Plateau of West Virginia. Forty (40) oriented samples and measurements of >300 joint orientations were collected from the Appalachian Plateau and Valley and Ridge province for grain-scale bulk finite strain analysis and paleo-stress reconstruction, respectively. The central Appalachian fold-thrust belt is characterized by a passive-roof duplex, and as such, the total shortening accommodated by the sequence above the roof thrust must equal the shortening accommodated within duplexes. Earlier attempts at balancing geologic cross sections through the central Appalachians have relied upon unquantified layer-parallel shortening (LPS) to reconcile the discrepancy in restored line lengths of the imbricated carbonate sequence and mainly folded cover strata. Independent measurement of grain-scale bulk finite strain on 40 oriented samples obtained along the transect yield a transect-wide average of 10% LPS with province-wide mean values of 12% and 9% LPS for the Appalachian Plateau and Valley and Ridge, respectively. These values are used to evaluate a balanced cross section, which shows a total shortening of 56 km (18%). Measured magnitudes of LPS are highly variable, as high as 17% in the Valley and Ridge and 23% on the Appalachian Plateau. In the Valley and Ridge province, the structures that accommodate shortening vary through the stratigraphic package. In the lower Paleozoic carbonate sequences, shortening is accommodated by fault repetition (duplexing) of stratigraphic layers. In the interval between the duplex (which repeats Cambrian through Upper Ordovician strata) and Middle Devonian and younger (Permian) strata that shortened through folding and LPS, there is a zone that is both folded and faulted. Across the Appalachian Plateau, slip is transferred from the Valley and Ridge passive-roof duplex to the Appalachian Plateau along the Wills Mountain thrust. This shortening is accommodated through faulting of Upper Ordovician to Lower Devonian strata and LPS and folding within the overlying Middle Devonian through Permian rocks. The significant difference between LPS strain (10%–12%) and cross section shortening estimates (18% shortening) highlights that shortening from major subsurface faults within the central Appalachians of West Virginia is not easily linked to shortening in surface folds. Depending on length scale over which the variability in LPS can be applied, LPS can accommodate 50% to 90% of the observed shortening; other mechanisms, such as outcrop-scale shortening, are required to balance the proposed model.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
2

Thomas, William A. "Basement-cover relations in the Appalachian fold and thrust belt." Geological Journal 18, no. 3 (April 30, 2007): 267–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gj.3350180306.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
3

WU, SCHUMAN, and RICHARD H. GROSHONG, JR. "Low-temperature deformation of sandstone, southern Appalachian fold-thrust belt." Geological Society of America Bulletin 103, no. 7 (July 1991): 861–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1991)103<0861:ltdoss>2.3.co;2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
4

Gao, Zihui, Nicholas D. Perez, Brent Miller, and Michael C. Pope. "Competing sediment sources during Paleozoic closure of the Marathon-Ouachita remnant ocean basin." GSA Bulletin 132, no. 1-2 (July 15, 2019): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/b35201.1.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract The Paleozoic construction of Pangea advanced southwestward from the Appalachian system to the Marathon fold-and-thrust belt in west Texas and progressively closed a remnant ocean basin between Laurentia and Gondwana. The resulting collisional orogen was a potential driver of Ancestral Rocky Mountain tectonism and impacted continental-scale sediment routing. New detrital zircon U-Pb geochronologic and heavy mineral provenance data from Ordovician–Pennsylvanian strata in the Marathon fold-and-thrust belt, and Permian strata in the Guadalupe Mountains of west Texas record changes in sediment provenance during the tectonic development of southwestern Laurentia and the Delaware Basin. In the Marathon fold-and-thrust belt, Ordovician rocks (Woods Hollow and Marathon Formations) record peri-Gondwanan sediment sources prior to continent collision. Syncollisional Mississippian and Pennsylvanian rocks (Tesnus, Haymond, Gaptank Formations) record contributions from distal Appalachian sources, recycled material from the active continental suture, and volcanic arc material from Gondwana. Near the Guadalupe Mountains, postcollisional Permian strata (Delaware Mountain Group) from the northern Delaware Basin margin suggest a dominantly southern catchment that was sourced from the deforming suture and Gondwanan arc. The results demonstrate that both plates and the active suture zone were sources for the siliciclastic wedge, but their proportions differed through time. These results also suggest that the delay between initial late Mississippian suturing in the Marathon region and increased mid-Permian siliciclastic deposition into the northern Delaware Basin may have been linked to a southward catchment expansion that integrated the collisional belt and southern volcanic arc into a broadly north-directed sediment dispersal system.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
5

MARSHAK, STEPHEN, and JOHN R. TABOR. "Structure of the Kingston orocline in the Appalachian fold-thrust belt, New York." Geological Society of America Bulletin 101, no. 5 (May 1989): 683–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1989)101<0683:sotkoi>2.3.co;2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
6

Remus, David, and Karen Tindale. "THE PLEASANT CREEK ARCH, ADAVALE BASIN, A MID DEVONIAN TO MID CARBONIFEROUS THRUST SYSTEM." APPEA Journal 28, no. 1 (1988): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj87017.

Full text
Abstract:
Interpretation of recently acquired multifold seismic data has led to a reappraisal of the structural evolution of the Adavale Basin with particular reference to the Pleasant Creek Arch.The Basin initially formed as a back arc basin to the west of the Anakie/Nebine volcanic arc. Three stages of tectonic evolution are recognised; rifting, extension and convergence. The Pleasant Creek Arch represents a foreland fold belt cratonward of the major convergent margin deformational zone.The model proposed for the development of the Pleasant Creek Arch is a buried to weakly emergent foreland thrust system modified by Late Carboniferous erosion. This was subsequently covered by sediments of the Galilee and Eromanga Basins. Late to Middle Devonian sediments are involved in thrusting that exhibits two styles of deformation. Along the southern 70 km of the thrust front Lower to Middle Devonian sediments are thrust under an upper decollement forming a passive roof duplex or backthrust zone. The Boree Salt acts as this upper decollement. The thrust tipline is controlled by the western depositional edge of the salt. North of this area the thrust appears to have been weakly emergent. Proprietary and open file seismic data from ATP's 301P, 304P and 305P and surrounding permits are used to illustrate the model. Comparisons can be made between this model and similar thrust systems in the Canadian Rocky and Mackenzie Mountains, the Appalachian Plateau, the Southern Norwegian Caledonides, the Kirthar and Sulaiman Mountain ranges of Pakistan and the Papua New Guinea fold belt.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
7

Lewis, Sharon E., and James C. Hower. "Implications of Thermal Events on Thrust Emplacement Sequence in the Appalachian Fold and Thrust Belt: Some New Vitrinite Reflectance Data." Journal of Geology 98, no. 6 (November 1990): 927–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/629462.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
8

Wu, Schuman. "Microstructures, deformation mechanisms and strain patterns in a vertical profile, inner appalachian fold-thrust belt, Alabama." Journal of Structural Geology 15, no. 2 (February 1993): 129–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-8141(93)90091-n.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
9

Thomas, William A. "Stratigraphic framework of the geometry of the basal decollement of the Appalachian-Ouachita fold-thrust belt." Geologische Rundschau 77, no. 1 (February 1988): 183–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01848683.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
10

Zagorevski, A., C. R. van Staal, and V. J. McNicoll. "Distinct Taconic, Salinic, and Acadian deformation along the Iapetus suture zone, Newfoundland Appalachians." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 44, no. 11 (November 1, 2007): 1567–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e07-037.

Full text
Abstract:
Structural mapping in central Newfoundland has identified seven distinct phases of deformation (D1 to D7), the most significant of which are D1, D2, and D4. D1 involved the formation of a Middle and Late Ordovician south-southeast-directed thrust belt and concomitant development of mylonite and phyllonite. A Late Ordovician to Early Silurian D2 thrust and fold belt overprints D1 mylonitic deformation and is the most distinctive deformation event in the study area. Late Silurian to Devonian D4 is responsible for folds and north-northwest-directed dextral thrust and reverse faults that overprint D1 to D3 structures. D4 structures in central Newfoundland include the Exploits–Gander boundary. Subsequent deformation is generally of local significance only. The arc–back-arc complexes making up the various terranes in central Newfoundland are predominantly juxtaposed along D1 shear zones, which include the Red Indian Line. Our data indicate that terrane boundaries initiated during D1 may have protracted deformation histories spanning several deformation events. This has important implications for the interpretation of terrane boundaries in Newfoundland, as D1 terrane boundaries may be interpreted as D2 or D4 shear zones depending on the intensity of overprinting or reactivation. The deformation history proposed in this paper corresponds closely to that of established Appalachian orogenic cycles. D1 is correlated with the Ordovician Taconic orogeny and involved accretion of arc–back-arc complexes to the Laurentian margin. D2 and D4 are correlated with the Ordovician–Silurian Salinic and Silurian–Devonian Acadian orogenies, which involved the subsequent accretion of the Ganderia and Avalonia microcontinents to the Laurentian margin, respectively.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
11

Hirt, A. M., W. Lowrie, C. Lüneburg, H. Lebit, and T. Engelder. "Magnetic and mineral fabric development in the Ordovician Martinsburg Formation in the Central Appalachian Fold and Thrust Belt, Pennsylvania." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 238, no. 1 (2004): 109–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.sp.2004.238.01.09.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
12

LEVINE, JEFFREY ROSS, and ALAN DAVIS. "The relationship of coal optical fabrics to Alleghanian tectonic deformation in the central Appalachian fold-and-thrust belt, Pennsylvania." Geological Society of America Bulletin 101, no. 10 (October 1989): 1333–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1989)101<1333:trocof>2.3.co;2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
13

Gibling, Martin R., John H. Calder, Robert Ryan, H. Walter van de Poll, and Gary M. Yeo. "Late Carboniferous and Early Permian drainage patterns in Atlantic Canada." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 29, no. 2 (February 1, 1992): 338–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e92-030.

Full text
Abstract:
Paleoflow data have been compiled for Late Carboniferous (late Westphalian A) to Early Permian alluvial deposits over a large area of Atlantic Canada. The data, which include more than 36 000 measurements of large-scale trough cross-strata, indicate a predominantly northeasterly paleoflow, and suggest that a major source area lay to the southwest of the region throughout the 30 Ma period represented. Uplands within the basin deflected paleoflow and probably formed important local drainage and sediment sources. Tectonostratigraphic analysis suggests that the drainage originated in the fold-and-thrust belt of the central Appalachians and parts of the northern Appalachians. Rivers probably followed northeast-oriented structural lineaments through the older Acadian mountains of the northern Appalachians. A considerable proportion of the rising orogen's drainage, and probably detritus, may have traversed basins along the strike of the mountain belt, a situation analogous to that of the modern Himalayas.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
14

Burmeister, K. C., M. J. Harrison, S. Marshak, E. C. Ferré, R. A. Bannister, and K. P. Kodama. "Comparison of Fry strain ellipse and AMS ellipsoid trends to tectonic fabric trends in very low-strain sandstone of the Appalachian fold–thrust belt." Journal of Structural Geology 31, no. 9 (September 2009): 1028–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2009.03.010.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
15

Séjourné, Stephan, Michel Malo, Martine M. Savard, and Donna Kirkwood. "Multiple origin and regional significance of bedding parallel veins in a fold and thrust belt: The example of a carbonate slice along the Appalachian structural front." Tectonophysics 407, no. 3-4 (October 2005): 189–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tecto.2005.07.009.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
16

Doll, W. E., J. E. Nyquist, L. P. Beard, and T. J. Gamey. "Airborne geophysical surveying for hazardous waste site characterization on the Oak Ridge Reservation, Tennessee." GEOPHYSICS 65, no. 5 (September 2000): 1372–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1444828.

Full text
Abstract:
Airborne geophysical methods that were developed for mineral and petroleum exploration can, with some modification, be applied to environmental problems where large areas must be characterized. A helicopter survey that deployed magnetic, electromagnetic, and radiometric sensors carried out one of the first large‐scale airborne environmental surveys at a U.S. government facility at Oak Ridge, Tennessee in 1993–1994. The survey included testing of a new airborne electromagnetic system designed specifically for environmental applications and for controlled field tests of magnetic systems. Helicopter‐borne magnetic measurements were capable of discriminating groups of as few as ten metallic 208-liter (55-gallon) storage drums under representative field conditions. Magnetic and electromagnetic sensors were able to distinguish groups of metal‐filled waste disposal trenches within disposal sites, but were unable to resolve individual trenches. Electromagnetic data proved to be the most effective airborne technique for geological mapping in this portion of the Appalachian fold‐and‐thrust belt and for locating karst features. Radiometric measurements were useful both in geological mapping and in detecting zones of high radiation related to hazardous waste. The Oak Ridge survey proved valuable for quickly screening large areas and for locating anomalies for subsequent ground follow‐up. On‐board video was used to reduce the number of instances of ground follow‐up by allowing the visual screening of anomalous areas.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
17

Soto-Kerans, Graham M., Daniel F. Stockli, Xavier Janson, Timothy F. Lawton, and Jacob A. Covault. "Orogen proximal sedimentation in the Permian foreland basin." Geosphere 16, no. 2 (January 6, 2020): 567–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges02108.1.

Full text
Abstract:
Abstract The sedimentary fill of peripheral foreland basins has the potential to preserve a record of the processes of ocean closure and continental collision, as well as the long-term (i.e., 107–108 yr) sediment-routing evolution associated with these processes; however, the detrital record of these deep-time tectonic processes and the sedimentary response have rarely been documented during the final stages of supercontinent assembly. The stratigraphy within the southern margin of the Delaware Basin and Marathon fold and thrust belt preserves a record of the Carboniferous–Permian Pangean continental assembly, culminating in the formation of the Delaware and Midland foreland basins of North America. Here, we use 1721 new detrital zircon (DZ) U-Pb ages from 13 stratigraphic samples within the Marathon fold and thrust belt and Glass Mountains of West Texas in order to evaluate the provenance and sediment-routing evolution of the southern, orogen-proximal region of this foreland basin system. Among these new DZ data, 85 core-rim age relationships record multi-stage crystallization related to magmatic or metamorphic events in sediment source areas, further constraining source terranes and sediment routing. Within samples, a lack of Neoproterozoic–Cambrian zircon grains in the pre-orogenic Mississippian Tesnus Formation and subsequent appearance of this zircon age group in the syn-orogenic Pennsylvanian Haymond Formation point toward initial basin inversion and the uplift and exhumation of volcanic units related to Rodinian rifting. Moreover, an upsection decrease in Grenvillian (ca. 1300–920 Ma) and an increase in Paleozoic zircons denote a progressive provenance shift from that of dominantly orogenic highland sources to that of sediment sources deeper in the Gondwanan hinterland during tectonic stabilization. Detrital zircon core-rim age relationships of ca. 1770 Ma cores with ca. 600–300 Ma rims indicate Amazonian cores with peri-Gondwanan or Pan-African rims, Grenvillian cores with ca. 580 Ma rims are correlative with Pan-African volcanism or the ca. 780–560 Ma volcanics along the rifted Laurentian margin, and Paleozoic core-rim age relationships are likely indicative of volcanic arc activity within peri-Gondwana, Coahuila, or Oaxaquia. Our results suggest dominant sediment delivery to the Marathon region from the nearby southern orogenic highland; less sediment was delivered from the axial portion of the Ouachita or Appalachian regions suggesting that this area of the basin was not affected by a transcontinental drainage. The provenance evolution of sediment provides insights into how continental collision directs the dispersal and deposition of sediment in the Permian Basin and analogous foreland basins.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
18

Chew, David M., and Cees R. Van Staal. "The Ocean – Continent Transition Zones Along the Appalachian – Caledonian Margin of Laurentia: Examples of Large-Scale Hyperextension During the Opening of the Iapetus Ocean." Geoscience Canada 41, no. 2 (May 7, 2014): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.12789/geocanj.2014.41.040.

Full text
Abstract:
A combination of deep seismic imaging and drilling has demonstrated that the ocean-continent transition (OCT) of present-day, magma-poor, rifted continental margins is a zone of hyperextension characterized by extreme thinning of the continental crust that exhumed the lowermost crust and/or serpentinized continental mantle onto the seafloor. The OCT on present-day margins is difficult to sample, and so much of our knowledge on the detailed nature of OCT sequences comes from obducted, magma-poor OCT ophiolites such as those preserved in the upper portions of the Alpine fold-and-thrust belt. Allochthonous, lens-shaped bodies of ultramafic rock are common in many other ancient orogenic belts, such as the Caledonian – Appalachian orogen, yet their origin and tectonic significance remains uncertain. We summarize the occurrences of potential ancient OCTs within this orogen, commencing with Laurentian margin sequences where an OCT has previously been inferred (the Dalradian Supergroup of Scotland and Ireland and the Birchy Complex of Newfoundland). We then speculate on the origin of isolated occurrences of Alpine-type peridotite within Laurentian margin sequences in Quebec – Vermont and Virginia – North Carolina, focusing on rift-related units of Late Neoproterozoic age (so as to eliminate a Taconic ophiolite origin). A combination of poor exposure and pervasive Taconic deformation means that origin and emplacement of many ultramafic bodies in the Appalachians will remain uncertain. Nevertheless, the common occurrence of OCT-like rocks along the whole length of the Appalachian – Caledonian margin of Laurentia suggests that the opening of the Iapetus Ocean may have been accompanied by hyperextension and the formation of magma-poor margins along many segments.SOMMAIREDes travaux d’imagerie sismique et des forages profonds ont montré que la transition océan-continent (OCT) de marges continentales de divergence pauvre en magma exposée de nos jours, correspond à une zone d’hyper-étirement tectonique caractérisée par un amincissement extrême de la croûte continentale, qui a exhumé sur le fond marin, jusqu’à la tranche la plus profonde de la croûte continentale, voire du manteau continental serpentinisé. Parce qu’on peut difficilement échantillonner l’OCT sur les marges actuelles, une grande partie de notre compréhension des détails de la nature de l’OCT provient d’ophiolites pauvres en magma d’une OCT obduite, comme celles préservées dans les portions supérieures de la bande plissée alpine. Des masses lenticulaires de roches ultramafiques allochtones sont communes dans de nombreuses autres bandes orogéniques anciennes, comme l’orogène Calédonienne-Appalaches, mais leur origine et signification tectonique reste incertaine. Nous présentons un sommaire des occurrences d’OCT potentielles anciennes de cet orogène, en commençant par des séquences de la marge laurentienne, où la présence d’OCT a déjà été déduites (le Supergroupe Dalradien d’Écosse et d'Irlande, et le complexe de Birchy de Terre-Neuve). Nous spéculons ensuite sur l'origine de cas isolés de péridotite de type alpin dans des séquences de marge des Laurentides du Québec-Vermont et de la Virginie-Caroline du Nord, en nous concentrant sur les unités de rift d'âge néoprotérozoïque tardif (pour éviter les ophiolites du Taconique). La conjonction d’affleurements de piètre qualité et de la déformation taconique omniprésente, signifie que l'origine et la mise en place de nombreuses masses ultramafiques dans les Appalaches demeureront incertaines. Néanmoins, la présence fréquente de roches de type OCT tout le long de la marge Calédonnienne-Appalaches de Laurentia suggère que l'ouverture de l'océan Iapetus peut avoir été accompagnée d’hyper-étirement et de la formation de marges pauvres en magma le long de nombreux segments.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
19

Yang, C., and R. Hesse. "Clay minerals as indicators of diagenetic and anchimetamorphic grade in an overthrust belt, External Domain of southern Canadian Appalachians." Clay Minerals 26, no. 2 (June 1991): 211–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.1991.026.2.06.

Full text
Abstract:
AbstractLower Palaeozoic shales and slates in the External Domain of the southern Canadian Appalachians are composed predominantly of illite and chlorite with minor occurrences of I-S mixed-layer minerals (restricted to samples with illite crystallinity, IC > 0·62°Δ2Θ) and paragonite (restricted to samples with IC < 0·42°Δ2Θ). Inverted diagenesis has occurred in the NW part of the Chaudière Nappe, indicating pre-orogenic deep burial diagenesis at the original depositional site, whereas to the SE, the diagenetic pattern was affected by synorogenic heating. Within the east-dipping thrust-fold belt and the St Lawrence Lowlands, increasing grade towards the S suggests a gradual southward increase in post-tectonic burial depth. Narrow (3–5 km) thermal haloes around the Cretaceous Monteregian intrusions show limited effects on the country rocks.The percentage of 2M1 mica polytypes and bo increase with decreasing IC. Chlorite crystallinity (CC) increases with increasing IC. Good correlations between IC, %2M1, CC and bo of micas indicate that these parameters are reliable monitors of high-grade diagenesis and low-grade metamorphism in clay-rich sedimentary rocks. IC and CC improve with increasing grain size, illustrating the effect of grain size on IC and CC. Organic material affects IC more strongly in strata with lower permeability than in those with higher permeability. In the diagenetic zone, glycolation does not uniformly produce a narrowing of the 10 Å illite peak, but may also broaden it by up to 15%, probably due to the presence of Kalkberg-type mixed-layers.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
20

Syzdek, Joseph, David Malone, and John Craddock. "Detrital Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Provenance of the Sundance Formation, Western Powder River Basin, Wyoming." Mountain Geologist 56, no. 3 (August 1, 2019): 295–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.31582/rmag.mg.56.3.295.

Full text
Abstract:
This study uses detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology to investigate the provenance of the Jurassic Sundance Formation in the western Powder River Basin, Wyoming. Understanding the provenance of the Sundance Formation is critical as it was deposited during the transition from cratonic to synorogenic sedimentation derived from the Sevier-Laramide foreland. The Sundance in the western Powder River Basin consists of an oolitic limestone and green glauconitic sandstone at the base, green shales in the middle, and a yellow quartz arenite with coquina “oyster” beds at the top. U-Pb analyses of detrital zircons using LA-ICP-MS were conducted on two samples collected in the Bud Love Wildlife Habitat Management Area, 20 km northwest of Buffalo, WY. The two samples were taken from the upper and lower sandstone members of the Sundance Formation (n=289 concordant U-Pb zircon ages). The samples show a distinct difference in detrital zircon age spectra. The lower sandstone age spectrum ranges from 260-3172 Ma with 23% of the ages being Paleozoic, 71% being Proterozoic, and 6% being Archean. This lower stratum has detrital zircon age peaks at 343, 432, 686, 1039, 1431, 1662, 1748, 1941, 2433, and 3179 Ma. The lower sandstone shows an easterly Appalachian-Ouachita provenance, which persisted in the region beginning in the Carboniferous. In comparison to the upper strata, ages range from 157-2949 Ma and age peaks at 170, 243, 440, 545, 1082, 1467, 1681, and 1985 Ma. The maximum deposition age for the upper member is 160 Ma. Mesozoic aged grains make up 15.6% of the zircons, 14.7% were Paleozoic, 65.7% were Proterozoic, and 4% were Archean in age. The appearance of Mesozoic zircons in the upper sandstone marks the first significant appearance of westerly sourced zircons, and perhaps reflects the earliest uplift of the Sevier fold and thrust belt. Previous research has found this same signature in the Sundance but not in the underlying Triassic Chugwater Formation, resulting in a broad boundary of the change in sediment dispersal and the onset of the Sevier Orogeny between the Triassic and Jurassic. This study was conducted for a higher resolution to the provenance of the Sundance Formation and to further narrow the boundary of differing sedimentation from an eastern recycled to western synorogenic source.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
21

Cook, Brian S., and William A. Thomas. "Superposed lateral ramps in the Pell City thrust sheet, Appalachian thrust belt, Alabama." Journal of Structural Geology 31, no. 9 (September 2009): 941–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2009.06.001.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
22

White, Shawna E., and John W. F. Waldron. "Inversion of Taconian extensional structures during Paleozoic orogenesis in western Newfoundland." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 470, no. 1 (June 6, 2018): 311–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp470.17.

Full text
Abstract:
AbstractWest Newfoundland was critical in developing the Wilson Cycle concept. Neoproterozoic rifting established a passive margin adjacent to the Iapetus Ocean. Ordovician (Taconian) arc–continent collision emplaced ophiolites and the thin-skinned Humber Arm Allochthon. Subsequent Devonian (Acadian) ocean closure produced basement-cutting thrust faults that control the present-day distribution of units. New mapping, and aeromagnetic and seismic interpretation, around Parsons Pond enabled the recognition of structures in poorly exposed areas.Following Cambrian to Middle Ordovician passive-margin deposition, Taconian deformation produced a flexural bulge unconformity. Subsequent extensional faults shed localized conglomerate into the foreland basin. The Humber Arm Allochthon contains a series of stacked and folded duplexes, typical of thrust belts. To the east, the Parsons Pond Thrust has transported shelf and foreland-basin units c. 8 km westwards above the allochthon. The Long Range Thrust shows major topographical expression but <1 km offset. Stratigraphic relationships indicate that most thrusts originated as normal faults, active during Neoproterozoic rifting, and subsequently during Taconian flexure. Devonian continental collision inverted the Parsons Pond and Long Range thrusts. Basement-cored fault-propagation folds in Newfoundland are structurally analogous to basement uplifts in other orogens, including the Laramide Orogen in western USA. Similar deep-seated inversion structures may extend through the northern Appalachians.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
23

Gibson, R. G., and D. R. Gray. "Ductile-to-brittle transition in shear during thrust sheet emplacement, Southern Appalachian thrust belt." Journal of Structural Geology 7, no. 5 (1985): 513–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0191-8141(85)90024-0.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
24

Patterson, Judith G. "The Amer Belt: remnant of an Aphebian foreland fold and thrust belt." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 23, no. 12 (December 1, 1986): 2012–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e86-186.

Full text
Abstract:
Aphebian supracrustal sequences occur as outliers throughout the northwestern portion of the Churchill Structural Province of the Canadian Shield. In the Amer Lake area, medium- to high-grade, polydeformed Archean rocks are unconformably overlain by the Amer supracrustal sequence, which comprises quartzite, carbonate, mafic volcanic, and meta-arkose and meta-pelitic units. This supracrustal sequence is interpreted as having been deposited under miogeoclinal conditions, transitional to exogeoclinal.The Amer sequence crops out in a broad, west-southwest-plunging synclinorium and contains evidence of polyphase deformation that includes the following: (1) Folds plunging gently to the west-southwest and west-southwest-striking thrust faults, transected by oblique tear faults. Thrust vergence is northerly to northwesterly, onto the Archean craton. Because of the orientation of the synclinorium, there is a down plunge view of the thrusts at the eastern end of the belt. (2) Younger, localized cross folds, probably representative of progressive deformation. (3) Late, northwest-trending normal faults, with east side down.The stratigraphic elements and family of structures in the Amer Belt are similar to those found in the foreland fold and thrust belts of major Phanerozoic and Proterozoic orogens. The Amer Belt is interpreted as being a remnant of a once extensive foreland fold and thrust belt.Some workers have considered the northwestern Churchill Structural Province a large cratonic foreland of the Trans-Hudson Orogen. However, remnants of a foreland fold and thrust belt, a major batholithic complex, and profound geophysical breaks interpreted as being possible sutures are incorporated into a new tectono-stratigraphic model that proposes that a cryptic Aphebian orogen exists in the northwestern Churchill Structural Province.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
25

Harris, John H., and Ben A. Van Der Pluijm. "Relative timing of calcite twinning strain and fold-thrust belt development; Hudson Valley fold-thrust belt, New York, U.S.A." Journal of Structural Geology 20, no. 1 (January 1998): 21–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8141(97)00093-x.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
26

Paulsen, Timothy, and Stephen Marshak. "Origin of the Uinta recess, Sevier fold–thrust belt, Utah: influence of basin architecture on fold–thrust belt geometry." Tectonophysics 312, no. 2-4 (November 1999): 203–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-1951(99)00182-1.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
27

SAALMANN, K., and F. THIEDIG. "Thrust tectonics on Brøggerhalvøya and their relationship to the Tertiary West Spitsbergen Fold-and-Thrust Belt." Geological Magazine 139, no. 1 (January 2002): 47–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756801006069.

Full text
Abstract:
The Tertiary fold-and-thrust belt on Brøggerhalvøya is characterized by a NE-vergent pile of nine thrust sheets. The sole thrust of the pile is located in Precambrian phyllites and climbs up-section to the northeast. Four lower thrust sheets consisting predominantly of Upper Palaeozoic sediments are overlain by two thrust sheets in the central part of the stack which contain a kilometre-scale syncline and anticline. The fold is cut by juxtaposed thrusts giving rise to the formation of three structurally higher basement-dominated thrust sheets. A multiple-stage kinematic model is proposed including (1) in-sequence foreland-propagating formation of the lower thrust sheets in response to N–S subhorizontal bedding-parallel movements, (2) a change in tectonic transport to ENE and out-of-sequence thrusting and formation of the kilometre-scale fold-structure followed by (3) truncation of the kilometre-scale fold and stacking of the highest basement-dominated thrust sheets by hind-ward-propagating out-of-sequence thrusting. The strain of the thrust sheets is predominantly compressive with the exception of the structurally highest thrust sheets, reflecting a temporal change to a more transpressive regime. Thrusting was followed by (4) N–S extension and (5) W–E extension. Comparison of the structural geometry and kinematic evolution of Brøggerhalvøya with the data reported for the fold belt further south allows us to assume a coeval evolution with the fold belt. A latest Paleocene/Early Eocene age for the main phase of thrusting is suggested for the West Spitsbergen Fold-and-Thrust Belt; the main phases therefore pre-date the separation of Svalbard and Greenland due to right-lateral movements along the Hornsund Fault Zone. The fold belt's temporal evolution followed by the formation of the Forlandsundet Graben can be linked with the plate-kinematic framework in the span between latest Paleocene and Middle Eocene times.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
28

Thomas, William A., Ravi V. S. Kanda, Kieran D. O'Hara, and D. Matthew Surles. "Thermal footprint of an eroded thrust sheet in the southern Appalachian thrust belt, Alabama, USA." Geosphere 4, no. 5 (2008): 814. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/ges00168.1.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
29

Mitchell, Michael M., and Nicholas B. Woodward. "Kink detachment fold in the southwest Montana fold and thrust belt." Geology 16, no. 2 (1988): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0091-7613(1988)016<0162:kdfits>2.3.co;2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
30

Ghani, Humaad, Gerold Zeilinger, Edward R. Sobel, and Ghasem Heidarzadeh. "Structural variation within the Himalayan fold and thrust belt: A case study from the Kohat-Potwar Fold Thrust Belt of Pakistan." Journal of Structural Geology 116 (November 2018): 34–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2018.07.022.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
31

Brown, Dennis, Taoby Rivers, and Tom Calon. "A structural analysis of a metamorphic fold–thrust belt, northeast Gagnon terrane, Grenville Province." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 29, no. 9 (September 1, 1992): 1915–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e92-149.

Full text
Abstract:
Northeast Gagnon terrane is located within the Parautochthonous Belt of the Grenville Orogen, near the projected intersection of the front zones of the Grenville and New Quebec orogens. The area consists principally of supracrustal units of the Early Proterozoic Knob Lake Group, and a newly recognized unit, the Equus Lake formation. Both are intruded by the Middle Proterozoic Shabogamo gabbro. Structural elements in the rocks record evidence of a polyorogenic history that is attributed to both the ca. 1800 Ma Hudsonian and the ca. 1000 Ma Grenvillian orogenies. This paper is concerned with the latter.Grenvillian deformation resulted in the formation of a relatively deep-level fold–thrust belt. Three thrust sheets can be defined on the basis of basal thrusts, variations in morphology and orientation of structural elements, and internal thrust sheet geometry. The polydeformational style of the area, rotation of fold axes into subparallelism with the tectonic transport direction, and internal imbrication lead to a complex internal thrust sheet geometry. Thrusting has produced and inverted the metamorphic gradient, with lower greenschist facies in the basal thrust sheet and upper greenschist facies in the upper thrust sheet.Documentation of the northeastern margin of Gagnon terrane as a north- to northwest-directed metamorphic fold–thrust belt corroborates similar interpretations for Gagnon terrane from elsewhere along the Grenville Front and is in accord with the models of the Grenville Province as a collisional orogen. Furthermore, it is suggested that northeast Gagnon terrane is an exhumed, internal, ductile part of a fold–thrust belt.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
32

SUÁREZ, M., R. DE LA CRUZ, and C. M. BELL. "Timing and origin of deformation along the Patagonian fold and thrust belt." Geological Magazine 137, no. 4 (July 2000): 345–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756800004192.

Full text
Abstract:
The Andean orogeny in the Patagonian Cordillera of southern South America reflects the consequences of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic subduction of an oceanic plate beneath the South American continental margin. The geological evolution of the region has been influenced by the Eocene collision and subduction of the Farallon–Aluk Ridge and the Miocene–Recent subduction of the Chile Ridge. Another aspect of plate interaction during this period was two intervals of rapid plate convergence, one at 50–42 Ma, and the other at 25–10 Ma, between the South American and the oceanic plates. It has been proposed that the collision of the Chile Ridge with the trench was responsible for the development, at least in part, of the Patagonian fold and thrust belt. This belt extends for more than 1000 km along the eastern foothills of the southern Andes between 46° and 54° S along the southwestern rim of the Austral Basin. The interpretation of a link between subduction of the ridge and formation of the fold and thrust belt is based on assumed time coincidences between contractional tectonism and the collision of ridge segments during Middle and Late Miocene times. The main Tertiary contractional events in the Patagonian fold and thrust belt took place during latest Cretaceous–Palaeocene–Eocene and during Miocene times. Although the timing of deformation is still poorly constrained, the evidence currently available suggests that there is little or no relationship between the timing of the fold and thrust belt and the collision of ridge segments. Most if not all of the contractional tectonism pre-dated the latest episodes of ridge collision. Collision of a ridge crest with the continental margin has been active for the past 14 to 15 million years. Contrary to the suggestion of a relationship between ridge subduction and compression, the main result of this collision has been fast uplift and extensional tectonism. The initiation of the Patagonian fold and thrust belt in latest Cretaceous or early Tertiary times coincided with a fundamental change in the tectonic evolution of the Austral Basin. Throughout the Cretaceous most of this basin subsided as a broad backarc continental shelf. Only in latest Cretaceous times, and coinciding with the initiation of the fold and thrust belt, the basin underwent a transition to a retro-arc foreland basin. This change to an asymmetrically subsiding foreland basin, with an associated foreland fold and thrust belt, was related to uplift of the Andean orogenic belt in the west.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
33

Konstantinovsky, A. A. "Structure and geodynamics of the Verkhoyansk Fold-Thrust Belt." Geotectonics 41, no. 5 (September 2007): 337–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0016852107050019.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
34

Sepehr, M., and J. W. Cosgrove. "Structural framework of the Zagros Fold–Thrust Belt, Iran." Marine and Petroleum Geology 21, no. 7 (August 2004): 829–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2003.07.006.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
35

Sapiie, Benyamin, Meli Hadiana, and Terry A. Furqan. "Understanding Mechanics of Fold-Thrust-Belt through Sandbox Modelling." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1363 (November 2019): 012019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1363/1/012019.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
36

Alavi, M. "Structures of the Zagros Fold-Thrust Belt in Iran." American Journal of Science 308, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.2475/01.2008.05.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
37

Alavi, M. "Structures of the Zagros fold-thrust belt in Iran." American Journal of Science 307, no. 9 (November 1, 2007): 1064–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2475/09.2007.02.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
38

Macedo, Juliano, and Stephen Marshak. "Controls on the geometry of fold-thrust belt salients." Geological Society of America Bulletin 111, no. 12 (December 1999): 1808–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1999)111<1808:cotgof>2.3.co;2.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
39

Dahlen, F. A. "Mechanical energy budget of a fold-and-thrust belt." Nature 331, no. 6154 (January 1988): 335–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/331335a0.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
40

Flo¨ttmann, Thomas, and Patrick James. "Influence of basin architecture on the style of inversion and fold-thrust belt tectonics—the southern Adelaide Fold-Thrust Belt, South Australia." Journal of Structural Geology 19, no. 8 (August 1997): 1093–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8141(97)00033-3.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
41

Banerjee, Subhotosh, and Shankar Mitra. "Fold–thrust styles in the Absaroka thrust sheet, Caribou National Forest area, Idaho–Wyoming thrust belt." Journal of Structural Geology 27, no. 1 (January 2005): 51–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2004.07.004.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
42

Mahoney, Luke, Kevin Hill, Sandra McLaren, and Amanda Hanani. "Complex fold and thrust belt structural styles: Examples from the Greater Juha area of the Papuan Fold and Thrust Belt, Papua New Guinea." Journal of Structural Geology 100 (July 2017): 98–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2017.05.010.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
43

Evenchick, Carol A. "Structural relationships of the Skeena Fold Belt west of the Bowser Basin, northwest British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 28, no. 6 (June 1, 1991): 973–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e91-088.

Full text
Abstract:
The Skeena Fold Belt is a regional fold and thrust belt that extends across most of the width of the northern Intermontane Belt of the Canadian Cordillera. Structural and stratigraphic relationships at its northeast margin show that it developed between latest Jurassic(?) and early Tertiary time, that it involved strata at least as low as Lower and Middle Jurassic Hazelton Group, and that it is characterized by northeast-verging folds and thrust faults. The structures accommodated at least 44% shortening and appear to root to the west.Most of the fold belt is distinguished by folds in thinly layered Jurassic and Cretaceous clastic rocks of the Bowser and Sustut basins. Its boundary is difficult to establish west of the Bowser Basin in poorly layered Middle Jurassic and older strata. However, map relationships show that Hazelton Group strata are folded with Bowser Lake Group. It is suggested here that the fold belt continues westward to the east margin of the Coast Plutonic Complex, where the increase in metamorphic grade and dominance of plutonic rocks effectively mark the western boundary of the Skeena Fold Belt. The difference in structural style between the Bowser Lake Group and massive volcanic rocks of the Hazelton Group is attributed to their difference in competency. Shortening by thrust faults and large-scale folds in volcanic rocks west of the Bowser Basin may balance with shortening by folds and related detachments in Bowser Lake Group farther east.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
44

Lacroix, S., and E. W. Sawyer. "An Archean fold-thrust belt in the northwestern Abitibi Greenstone Belt: structural and seismic evidence." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 32, no. 2 (February 1, 1995): 97–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/e95-009.

Full text
Abstract:
An integration of structural field data and Lithoprobe seismic reflection line 28 in the northwestern Abitibi Greenstone Belt (AGB) reveals a crustal-scale, south-to southwest-vergent thrusting event that developed "in sequence" above a shallowly (15°) north-dipping sole thrust at a mid-crustal level. Seismic reflector geometry above this décollement suggests a mid crust (6–20 km depth) dominated by low-angle thrusts with smooth trajectory ramps and culmination folds or antiformal stacks, similar to the structural style of neighbouring high-grade plutonic–gneissic (Opatica) and sedimentary (Pontiac) subprovinces. In contrast, low-to high-angle east–west-trending thrusts at the upper-crust greenstone belt level (6–9 km depth) are interpreted to be listric. They occur in two fault systems, the Chicobi and Taibi, that resemble "imbricate fan" systems. The contrasting structural geometry of the upper and mid crust is interpreted as variations in level through the thrust stack, and resembles Paleozoic mountain belts where the upper AGB would represent a ductile–brittle fold–thrust belt. However, the structural evolution of the AGB has been complicated by earlier intrusive–metamorphic contacts or set of thrusts beneath it, and (or) younger out-of-sequence thrusts with north-vergent backthrusts. Also, south-to southwest-vergent thrusts were reactivated, folded, and steepened during a younger dextral strike-slip event.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
45

Thomas, William A., and Germán Bayona. "Palinspastic restoration of the Anniston transverse zone in the Appalachian thrust belt, Alabama." Journal of Structural Geology 24, no. 4 (April 2002): 797–826. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0191-8141(01)00117-1.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
46

Carbonell, Pablo J. Torres, Luis V. Dimieri, and Eduardo B. Olivero. "Progressive deformation of a Coulomb thrust wedge: the eastern Fuegian Andes Thrust-Fold Belt." Geological Society, London, Special Publications 349, no. 1 (2011): 123–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/sp349.7.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
47

Qian, Jun Feng. "Structural Deformation of Southern Tien Shan Fold-Thrust Belt — Take the North Margin of Kashi for Example." Advanced Materials Research 1010-1012 (August 2014): 1419–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1010-1012.1419.

Full text
Abstract:
The Structural and deformational features of fold-thrust belt in the north margin of Kashi，southern Tian Shan were disclosed based on various data such as two dimensional seismic profile and field geologic survey. The results show that the fold-thrustbelt can be divided into several rows of anticlines, includingKalaboketuoer-Wenguer, Tuopa-Kangxiweier, Atushi and Kashi on plane,and the development of Atushi anticlines and its north side was controlled by the activity of the thrust system originated along the middle Cambrian Awatage Group from north to south. The fold-thrust belt can be divided into two different spatial levels: the shallow tectonic is a large scale imbricate thrust system, the detachment surface is uplifted from Cambrian system to Neogene system; the deep structure is a buried duplex structure system, the fault in floor and fault in roof are located at gypsic horizon in Cambrian and Neogene systemrespectively. Based on structural deformation analyzing and balanced section technology, the distribution of each anticlinal belt and the structure style of the low and deep thrust systems are confirmed. In this area the distance is shortened by 32.64～49.1km from north to south since Pliocene with the scalage of 40.5%～50.51%，and its average crustal shortening rate is 9.11～13.71mm/a.
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
48

Becker, Arnfried. "The Jura Mountains — an active foreland fold-and-thrust belt?" Tectonophysics 321, no. 4 (June 2000): 381–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-1951(00)00089-5.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
49

McQuarrie, Nadine. "Crustal scale geometry of the Zagros fold–thrust belt, Iran." Journal of Structural Geology 26, no. 3 (March 2004): 519–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2003.08.009.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
50

Dewever, B., and R. Swennen. "Fluid flow reconstruction in the Sicilian Fold and Thrust Belt." Journal of Geochemical Exploration 101, no. 1 (April 2009): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gexplo.2008.12.072.

Full text
APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles
You might also be interested in the bibliographies on the topic 'Appalachian fold and thrust belt' for other source types:
Dissertations / Theses Books
We offer discounts on all premium plans for authors whose works are included in thematic literature selections. Contact us to get a unique promo code!

To the bibliography