Academic literature on the topic 'Apple Inc'

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Journal articles on the topic "Apple Inc"

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Putri Rahmania W, Rd Rafaida. "Apple Inc Advertising Strategy." Journal of Accounting and Finance Management 3, no. 5 (2022): 258–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.38035/jafm.v3i6.154.

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This study aims to find out the results of an analysis of Apple Inc. in developing its marketing advertising strategy, especially related to the increase in advertising that is Apple's trademark. The method used in this study uses qualitative research methods and literature review. The results of this study indicate that Apple adapts User Generated Content (UGJ) to promote its products on social media, namely product placement on influencers/public figures, which are commonly called endorsements and "buzz" generated by positive reviews in the media. Apple nonetheless created a simple promotion
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Pan, Huiru. "Analysis of the Product Evolution and Marketing Strategy of Apple Company." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 21, no. 1 (2023): 214–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/21/20230254.

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Apple Inc. has been one of the dominant enterprises within the industry but still faces problems like losing market share. This paper aims to analyze the strength of Apples product and the corporate concept to better understand and cope with the industry market. The research will mainly focus on Apple Inc.s products, market strategies and developmental strategies with published information. In general, Apple products unique characteristic is crucial for the company to dominate the market. To regain the market share, Apple Inc. needs to establish suitable pricing and market strategy to adapt th
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Heracleous, Loizos. "Quantum Strategy at Apple Inc." Organizational Dynamics 42, no. 2 (2013): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orgdyn.2013.03.002.

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Korniawan, Rostamaji. "MENJAGA KEPERCAYAAN INVESTOR MELALUI KASUS TAX EVASION APPLE INC. DI IRLANDIA: LITERATURE REVIEW." Jurnal Kajian Wilayah 7, no. 2 (2016): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/jkw.v7i2.748.

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This paper studies about the Apple Inc. case in Ireland. The European Commission found out indications of tax evasion by Apple Inc. As one of important investors in Ireland, the case becomes a consideration for the Ireland government to maintain a condusive investment climate. This paper aims to understand how did Apple Inc. withstand the severe trust problem they are facing in Ireland. In order to do that, literature review method is used systematically in this paper. Overall, the study finds that one of the important aspects is the Irish government policy support. The support basically is th
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Li, Yunan. "Apple Inc. Analysis and Forecast Evaluation." Proceedings of Business and Economic Studies 4, no. 4 (2021): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/pbes.v4i4.2389.

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Apple has been an American success story for quite a long time. After igniting the personal computer (PC) revolution in the 1970s and reinventing PC in the 1980s, it again brought various innovative and game-changing products, including smartphones, computers, and wearables in recent years. Its dominant product, iPhone, sparked years of massive growth and has become the biggest drive of the company’s success. Besides, with a market capitalization of more than $2T, Apple is currently the world’s most valuable company. This makes many investors interested in AAPL stock. Hence, this paper will ex
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Wu, Xiefan. "Research on Apple Inc. Market Winning Case Study." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 24, no. 1 (2023): 130–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/24/20230425.

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Apple Inc. is currently a cutting-edge company in the field of technology, and its released products occupy most of the market share in the respective fields. Therefore, aiming at the reasons for Apple's success and its future development direction, this article literature review SWOT analysis to analyze and discuss the reasons for Apples success. Apples success basically lies its innovation, improvement of consumer service, and reform of supply chain management. However, in the future, Apple should consider maintaining its innovation speed and avoiding expanding its service into a large numbe
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Shu, Shengqi. "Zooming in and out of Apple Inc.: An Organizational Behavior Analysis of Individual and Team Levels." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 63, no. 1 (2023): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/63/20231384.

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Apple Inc. is widely recognized as a prominent global corporation. This study undertakes a comprehensive investigation of Apple Inc., including the leadership of CEO Tim Cook, the internal dynamics of the design team, and many organizational and external influences. By employing analytical frameworks such as Industry Analysis and PESTEL, this study examines the competitive advantage of Apple Inc. and identifies potential areas for enhancement. The findings indicate that Apple's dedication to innovation and ethical conduct has resulted in the establishment of a robust brand and a devoted consum
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Vázquez, Burguete José Luis, Pérez David Abril, González David Álvarez, Martínez de Compañón Raúl Martínez, and Martínez Álvaro Tabuyo. "PRODUCT RED. EL CASO APPLE INC." Casos de Marketing Público y No Lucrativo 7 (July 21, 2022): 407–12. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6874751.

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La empresa Product RED se ha convertido con los años en un ejemplo claro de cómo luchar contra el sida en las zonas del planeta más desfavorecidas, siendo estas ubicadas principalmente en el continente africano. Su gran repercusión se debe a la colaboración con empresas punteras de distintos sectores (Tecnológico y moda), además de la realización de campañas efectivas para tratar de atraer público, concienciando a la población sobre el grave problema que existe hoy día en muchos países sobre el SIDA. Ent
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Li, Leming. "Analysis on the Stock Valuation of Apple Inc." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 27, no. 1 (2023): 51–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/27/20231210.

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Since the beginning of the global pandemic, the rumor of technology bubble has been spread all over the world. To fully understand about the technology company with figuring out whether should people invest in the company, we used Apple Inc. as an example to do the case study. The analysis of Apple Inc. start with two categories: Quantitative analysis and Qualitative analysis. To figure out the company advantage, this paper uses the SWOT analysis to see whether this company is worth to invested. In addition, this paper uses activity ratio and profitability ratio to conduct a financial situatio
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Chen, Kong. "Analysis of Apples Financial Statements." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 43, no. 1 (2023): 225–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/43/20232168.

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Because of the Covid-19 pandemic, the global economy has been greatly affected, but Apple's revenue has not fallen during this period and has risen. Thus, this report utilizes the cash flow statement, balance sheet, and income statement to analyze Apple Inc. with the aim of explaining Apple Inc.'s financial position and performance and analyzing the reasons for its positive revenue growth through these three important financial documents. The analysis reveals that Apple Inc., a global technology industry operator, has experienced significant growth and innovation in recent years. Not only has
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Apple Inc"

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Santos, João Carlos Portela Marques dos. "Equity Research - Apple Inc." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/6455.

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Mestrado em Finanças<br>O presente Trabalho Final de Mestrado tem como objectivo a avaliação da empresa norteamericana Apple Inc. de forma a obter um preço-alvo para as suas acções com referência a 29 de Setembro de 2012, data de fim do ano fiscal da empresa. O processo de avaliação da empresa envolveu, numa primeira fase, uma análise detalhada ao negócio da Apple (e suas perspectivas de crescimento) e ao seu posicionamento estratégico. Em segundo lugar, foram aplicadas técnicas de avaliação de empresas de forma a determinar o preço-alvo da Apple. Nesta actividade foi aplicado o método de Adju
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Becanovic, Irena, and Louisa Masoura. "APPLE : Abnormala avkastningar på Apple Inc av diverse händelser?" Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för ekonomi och företagande, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-10393.

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This paper treats the question about how the internationally established company, Apple, is affected by intern or extern events when it comes to the trade market. The purpose of the study is to investigate if chosen events create abnormal return on Apples stock market. The chosen research area is Steve Jobs three sick-listings, It-bubble and the purchase of the search engine company Siri. The reason of writing about this is the big interest for the stock market and its function. This study methodological starting position is quantitative done by an event study, with qualitative feature done by
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Ardiles, Reyes Rocío del Pilar, Claros Fernando Manuel Jesús Casanova, and Porras José Felipe Castillo. "Plan estratégico 2016-2018 Apple Inc." Master's thesis, Universidad del Pacífico, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11354/2715.

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La elaboración del plan estratégico 2016-2018 tiene como objetivo determinar estrategias que permitan aprovechar las oportunidades del mercado y que mantengan el liderazgo que la compañía Apple Inc. tiene en la industria. Esto se logrará a través del incremento en ventas de los productos ya existentes, con funcionalidades mejoradas; así como con el lanzamiento de un nuevo producto que revolucione el mercado.
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Aguirre, Alvarado Josué Arturo, and Aduvire Gissela Janet Carlos. "Apple INC. plan estratégico 2011-2015." Master's thesis, Universidad del Pacífico, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11354/2078.

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El presente trabajo describe, analiza y propone una solución para el caso de la empresa Apple Inc. mediante un planeamiento estratégico, donde se identifica su ventaja competitiva de diferenciación, la cual buscamos ampliarla para mejorar su posición competitiva y aprovechar las oportunidades del mercado con estrategias rentables. Analizando la misión, visión y valores planteamos modificaciones que permiten proponer objetivos corporativos desafiantes que se conseguirán mediante la ejecución de diversas estrategias que se evalúan para mejorar su crecimiento. En el corto plazo en base a una estr
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Aguilar, Vigo Luis Ernesto, Terry Hugo Edilberto Cam, and Ortiz de Zevallos José Antonio Lizárraga. "Plan estratégico para Apple Inc. en 2015." Master's thesis, Universidad del Pacífico, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11354/2582.

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En el presente trabajo de investigación consiste en una propuesta estratégica para Apple Inc. en el contexto del año 2015 siendo Apple Inc. la empresa más valiosa del mundo según Brandz ranking 2015. Si bien es cierto Apple Inc. es la empresa más valiosa del mercado, ya se avizoraba posibles problemas a causa de la reñida competencia en el segmento de los Smartphone, donde ya no había mayor diferenciación y siendo el Iphone el producto que generaba casi el 70 % de los ingresos de la compañía, en un futuro cercano esto le podía traer problemas a la empresa.
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Aquise, Apaza Bilner Ludovico, Montes Eduardo Edmundo Díaz, and Pizarro David Víctor Guzmán. "Plan estratégico para Apple INC. 2016-2018." Master's thesis, Universidad del Pacífico, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11354/2696.

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El Plan Estratégico para Apple Inc. (en adelante Apple) proyectado a tres años (2016-2018), propone un crecimiento e incremento de rentabilidad conservando su actual ventaja competitiva generada por diferenciación. Se plantea fortalecer investigación y desarrollo, promover un dinamismo a través del fortalecimiento de recursos y capacidades que contribuyen directamente a la generación del valor en la empresa.
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Hervíř, Petr. "Sémiotická analýza vybraných reklam společnosti Apple Inc." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-194658.

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The diploma thesis deals with semiotics, its derivative analysis and it is focusing on analysis of selected commercial spots of Apple Inc. In first place it defines semiotic, semiotic analysis and concepts contained in it. Next step is about analysis commercial spots in the depth from several points of view based on the theoretical foundation.
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Ayhuasi, Mallma Jacqueline Victoria, Cardeña César Augusto Chávez, and Delgado Carlos Salvador Peralta. "Plan estratégico del caso Apple Inc. 2016-2018." Master's thesis, Universidad del Pacífico, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11354/2620.

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La compañía Apple es una empresa con productos innovadores que ha experimentado un crecimiento impresionante en las últimas tres décadas convirtiéndose en un ejemplo a nivel mundial. Apple establece relaciones estratégicas con todas las empresas, tanto con sus proveedores, así como con sus clientes, que han permitido posesionarse como líder en el sector de tecnología. El trabajo elaborado es un plan estratégico que en primer lugar analiza, luego evalúa y propone alternativas para dar solución al problema estratégico de la empresa Apple tomando como año base el 2015 para realizar el planeamien
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Sedláčková, Hana. "Zhodnocení vlivu inovací na úspěšnost společnosti Apple Inc." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-125052.

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The main objective of this thesis is to study the impact of Apple Inc. innovation activities on its successful performance. Specification of this goal implies the existence of a direct relationship between the development of company's net sales and the development of its market value. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part where the theoretical part is focused on the issues of invention and innovation, the innovation process and, last but not least, the link between innovation, strategic management and marketing. The theoretical part also defines the understanding of the ter
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Biasia, Elena <1996&gt. "L'importanza del Customer Engagement: il caso Apple Inc." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/19753.

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La tesi è volta a dimostrare l'importanza del customer engagement nelle decisioni d'acquisto del consumatore. Nel primo capitolo si affrontano gli articoli accademici, dimostrando la storia e l'importanza di questa materia. Nel secondo capitolo si amplia il concetto di marketing mix dell'azienda Apple Inc. Nel terzo capitolo si vedranno i risultati di un questionario sottoposto a 162 partecipanti per l'analisi del customer engagement relativo alla marca Apple.
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Books on the topic "Apple Inc"

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O'Grady, Jason D. Apple, Inc. Greenwood Press, 2009.

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Linzmayer, Owen W. Apple confidential: The real story of Apple Computer, Inc. No Starch Press, 1999.

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Wu, Human. Apple. 3rd ed. Clog, 2012.

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Cruikshank, Jeffrey L. The Apple Way. McGraw-Hill, 2006.

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Lashinsky, Adam. Az Apple kulisszatitkai. HVG Könyvek, 2012.

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Bracken, Jeanne Munn. It all began with an apple: A history of New England Apple Products Co., Inc. The Company, 1988.

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Young, Jeffrey S. Steve Jobs: The journey is the reward. Glentop, 1988.

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Rose, Frank. West of Eden: The end of innocence at Apple Computer. Hutchinson Business, 1989.

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Bracken, Jeanne Munn. It all began with an apple: A history of Veryfine Products, Inc. 2nd ed. Veryfine, 1993.

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Bracken, Jeanne Munn. It all began with an apple: A history of Veryfine Products, Inc. 3rd ed. Veryfine, 1998.

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Book chapters on the topic "Apple Inc"

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O’Regan, Gerard. "Apple Inc." In Pillars of Computing. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-21464-1_5.

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do Carmo, Marcelo José, Mário Sacomano Neto, and Julio Cesar Donadone. "Apple Inc." In Corporate Financialization. Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003309536-2.

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Al-Laham, Andreas, and Steffen Huth. "Strategic Repositioning of Apple Inc." In Fallstudien zum Internationalen Management. Gabler Verlag, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-6793-0_38.

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Chen, Zekai. "Business Strategy Analysis: Evidence on Apple Inc." In Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research. Atlantis Press International BV, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-506-5_13.

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Li, Xining. "Financial Analysis of Apple Inc. Based on 2021 Apple Annual Report." In Proceedings of the 2022 2nd International Conference on Financial Management and Economic Transition (FMET 2022). Atlantis Press International BV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-054-1_9.

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Tengler, Nancy. "Apple, Inc.—A Case Study in How to Select a Core Holding: A Role Model Investment You Will Want to Emulate." In The Women's Guide to Successful Investing. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38373-1_8.

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Parthasarathy, S., P. Lakshmidevi, P. Yashodha, and C. Gopalakrishnan. "Apple." In Pests and Diseases in Fruit Crops. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003504146-3.

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Watkins, Christopher B., and James P. Mattheis. "Apple." In Postharvest Physiological Disorders in Fruits and Vegetables. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b22001-8.

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Mushtaq, Rafiya, Ab Waheed Wani, and Gulzar Ahmad Nayik. "Apple." In Antioxidants in Fruits: Properties and Health Benefits. Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7285-2_26.

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Pandohee, Jessica, Parneet Kaur, Anuj Sharma, Ahmad Ali, Shahla Yasmin, and Saurabh Kulshreshtha. "Apple." In Fruits and Their Roles in Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods. CRC Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003259213-3.

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Conference papers on the topic "Apple Inc"

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Farooq, Sheikh Afaan. "The Deep Learning Based Analysis and Prediction of Apple Scab Disease in Apple Plants using ResNet-50 Hybrid Algorithm." In 2024 2nd International Conference on Advances in Computation, Communication and Information Technology (ICAICCIT). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/icaiccit64383.2024.10912430.

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Manzoor, Er Suhail, Radhika Malhotra, Rahul Bhat, and Shivam Shekhar. "Apple Detection: A CNN Approach for Diseases Detection." In 2024 Second International Conference on Advances in Information Technology (ICAIT). IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icait61638.2024.10690497.

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Farooq, Sheikh Afaan, Ravi Bhushan Sharma, Paramjot Kaur Sarao, and Suryakanta. "The Deep Learning Based Analysis and Prediction of Apple Black Rot Disease in Apple Plants using ResNet-50 Hybrid Algorithm." In 2025 International Conference on Ambient Intelligence in Health Care (ICAIHC). IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/icaihc64101.2025.10957094.

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Shalu, Neha Saini, Shyla, and Dinesh Singh. "NLP-based Sentiment Analysis for Apple product reviews." In 2024 4th International Conference on Advancement in Electronics & Communication Engineering (AECE). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/aece62803.2024.10911577.

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Zabic, Miroslav, Louis Gemmerlé, Kilian Stöckemann, et al. "Generation of laser-induced microcracks in apple fruit cuticles." In Photonic Technologies in Plant and Agricultural Science II, edited by Dag Heinemann and Gerrit Polder. SPIE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3045955.

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Y, Sowjanya Kumari, Jayakrishna K, Dhanasekar J, Miniappan PK, Balasundaram N, and Vijayakumari G. "Utilizing Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) for Apple Scab Disease Detection." In 2025 3rd International Conference on Advancement in Computation & Computer Technologies (InCACCT). IEEE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1109/incacct65424.2025.11011325.

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Landes, Timm, Victor Bassl, Bishnu Khanal, et al. "Untangling Brillouin scattering data of apple fruit cuticles utilizing Raman spectroscopy." In Photonic Technologies in Plant and Agricultural Science II, edited by Dag Heinemann and Gerrit Polder. SPIE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3048478.

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Srivastava, Yashi, Ruchira Rawat, Anurag Shrivastava, et al. "Apple Fruit Flower Detection Using Auto-Encoder Convolutional Neural Network." In 2024 1st International Conference on Sustainable Computing and Integrated Communication in Changing Landscape of AI (ICSCAI). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/icscai61790.2024.10866483.

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Srivastav, Somya, Kalpna Guleria, and Shagun Sharma. "Apple Leaf Disease Detection using Deep Learning-based Convolutional Neural Network." In 2024 4th Asian Conference on Innovation in Technology (ASIANCON). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/asiancon62057.2024.10837736.

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Tian, Weiyu, Mengyao Wang, and Qichun Wang. "The Core Competentness of Apple Inc." In 2022 7th International Conference on Financial Innovation and Economic Development (ICFIED 2022). Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.220307.116.

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Reports on the topic "Apple Inc"

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Lazonick, William, Philip Moss, and Joshua Weitz. Equality Denied: Tech and African Americans. Institute for New Economic Thinking, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp177.

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Thus far in reporting the findings of our project “Fifty Years After: Black Employment in the United States Under the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission,” our analysis of what has happened to African American employment over the past half century has documented the importance of manufacturing employment to the upward socioeconomic mobility of Blacks in the 1960s and 1970s and the devastating impact of rationalization—the permanent elimination of blue-collar employment—on their socioeconomic mobility in the 1980s and beyond. The upward mobility of Blacks in the earlier decades was based on
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Kwun and Tennis. L41032 Calibration Requirements for Applying the MIVC Technique to Pipeline Stress Measurements. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011127.

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The primary objectives of this project were to (1) determine the variability of the magnetically induced velocity change (MIVC) and its stress dependence among pipes of the same grade material manufactured during different time periods and (2) evaluate the extent of calibration required for a given grade pipe material to apply the MIVC technique for stress measurements. In this project, X-52 grade was chosen as the target material for evaluation, A total of five pipe samples, fabricated during times ranging from the 1950s to the 1990s were investigated. The pipes varied in both diameter (20 an
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Choquette, Gary. PR-000-14216-R02 An Alternative to PID Control for Critical Control Functions. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010405.

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Previous work identified cases where relatively minor changes in air manifold pressure led to engine detonation. This occurred under lean combustion conditions where detonation is believed to be unlikely. This indicates that it is as equally important to have stable engine control functions as it is to have the proper air/fuel setpoint. The objective of this work is to identify alternatives to conventional control techniques that can be employed on reciprocating engines used in the natural gas transpiration industry to enhance air/fuel control stability which in turn should improve combustion
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Unknown, Author. L51630 In-Line Detection and Sizing of Stress Corrosion Cracks Using EMAT Ultrasonics. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010616.

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The development of stress corrosion cracks (SCC) in buried gas pipelineshas posed a serious threat to pipeline integrity for many years. It can be reliably detected by magnetic particle techniques in the field or by laboratory studies using low frequency eddy currents. It is also possible to find and measure the depths of the cracks from the ID by careful scanning with an ultra-sonic angle beam probe but the transducer must be manipulated by a skilled operator. All of these approaches are not very satisfactory for in-line inspections because they are not suitable for covering the total area of
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Walsh, Alex. The Contentious Politics of Tunisia’s Natural Resource Management and the Prospects of the Renewable Energy Transition. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.048.

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For many decades in Tunisia, there has been a robust link between natural resource management and contentious national and local politics. These disputes manifest in the form of protests, sit-ins, the disruption of production and distribution and legal suits on the one hand, and corporate and government response using coercive and concessionary measures on the other. Residents of resource-rich areas and their allies protest the inequitable distribution of their local natural wealth and the degradation of their health, land, water, soil and air. They contest a dynamic that tends to bring greate
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Schuurman, Gregor, James Lawler, Joel Reynolds, et al. Climate change adaptation practices and possibilities considered by the National Park Service Alaska Leadership Council in 2019: Summary of an ALC exercise (technical assistance request 10860). National Park Service, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2306300.

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Profound climate change-driven environmental changes observed in Alaska prompted the National Park Service?s Alaska Leadership Council (ALC) to dedicate a half-day of their September 2019 meeting to understanding and addressing key climate change vulnerabilities. The session aimed to introduce participants to the Resist-Accept-Direct (RAD) framework?an emerging framing tool for exploring the ?universe? of potential adaptation actions?and to initiate broader discussion regarding current and potential future adaptation actions in each of Alaska?s national parks. Participating superintendents wer
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L51816 Reliability-Based Prevention of Mechanical Damage to Pipelines. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010429.

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Most pipeline incidents� resulting in the loss of life, production and/or environmental damage is caused by third party damage. A need for recommendations regarding the most cost effective third party damage prevention approach and/or plan was identified by the Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI). This project and resulting study used a reliability-based methodology from a previous PRCI sponsored project (PR-224-9519) "Reliability-Based Planning of Inspection and Maintenance of Pipeline Systems". The focus of this project and resulting study was to collect the data and develop
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L51561 Proof Testing of the Pre-Hot-Tap Branch Connection. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010226.

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Proof testing of a hot tap prior to completing the actual tap has, in the past, been an individual company procedure. These proof testing procedures have varied from a low pressure leak test to a high pressure test that has reportedly, in a few cases, caused a rupture through the enclosed circular segment of the main line pipe. The objective of this research was to determine a safe and reasonable test pressure level to apply to the attached branch line before completion of the tap. It is aimed at optimizing the safety of hot tap installations while minimizing the chances of damage to the carri
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