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1
Shannahan, Jonathan. "The biocorona: a challenge for the biomedical application of nanoparticles." Nanotechnology Reviews 6, no. 4 (2017): 345–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2016-0098.
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AbstractFormation of the biocorona on the surface of nanoparticles is a significant obstacle for the development of safe and effective nanotechnologies, especially for nanoparticles with biomedical applications. Following introduction into a biological environment, nanoparticles are rapidly coated with biomolecules resulting in formation of the nanoparticle-biocorona. The addition of these biomolecules alters the nanoparticle’s physicochemical characteristics, functionality, biodistribution, and toxicity. To synthesize effective nanotherapeutics and to more fully understand possible toxicity following human exposures, it is necessary to elucidate these interactions between the nanoparticle and the biological media resulting in biocorona formation. A thorough understanding of the mechanisms by which the addition of the biocorona governs nanoparticle-cell interactions is also required. Through elucidating the formation and the biological impact of the biocorona, the field of nanotechnology can reach its full potential. This understanding of the biocorona will ultimately allow for more effective laboratory screening of nanoparticles and enhanced biomedical applications. The importance of the nanoparticle-biocorona has been appreciated for a decade; however, there remain numerous future directions for research which are necessary for study. This perspectives article will summarize the unique challenges presented by the nanoparticle-biocorona and avenues of future needed investigation.
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Sutthavas, Pichaporn, Matthias Schumacher, Kai Zheng, Pamela Habibović, Aldo Roberto Boccaccini, and Sabine van Rijt. "Zn-Loaded and Calcium Phosphate-Coated Degradable Silica Nanoparticles Can Effectively Promote Osteogenesis in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells." Nanomaterials 12, no. 17 (2022): 2918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12172918.
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Nanoparticles such as mesoporous bioactive glasses (MBGs) and mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) are promising for use in bone regeneration applications due to their inherent bioactivity. Doping silica nanoparticles with bioinorganic ions could further enhance their biological performance. For example, zinc (Zn) is often used as an additive because it plays an important role in bone formation and development. Local delivery and dose control are important aspects of its therapeutic application. In this work, we investigated how Zn incorporation in MSN and MBG nanoparticles impacts their ability to promote human mesenchymal stem cell (hMSC) osteogenesis and mineralization in vitro. Zn ions were incorporated in three different ways; within the matrix, on the surface or in the mesopores. The nanoparticles were further coated with a calcium phosphate (CaP) layer to allow pH-responsive delivery of the ions. We demonstrate that the Zn incorporation amount and ion release profile affect the nanoparticle’s ability to stimulate osteogenesis in hMSCs. Specifically, we show that the nanoparticles that contain rapid Zn release profiles and a degradable silica matrix were most effective in inducing hMSC differentiation. Moreover, cells cultured in the presence of nanoparticle-containing media resulted in the highest induction of alkaline phosphate (ALP) activity, followed by culturing hMSC on nanoparticles immobilized on the surface as films. Exposure to nanoparticle-conditioned media did not increase ALP activity in hMSCs. In summary, Zn incorporation mode and nanoparticle application play an important role in determining the bioactivity of ion-doped silica nanoparticles.
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Nabil, Abdullah Noman Alkadasi. "Synthesis of silica nanoparticles coating with gold nanoparticles and its application." Chemistry Research Journal 1, no. 2 (2016): 26–32. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13997319.
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SiO<sub>2 </sub>nanoparticles have been successfully synthesized by modification of the preparation method of SiO<sub>2 </sub>nanoparticles, which prepared by seed growth process using Ethanol , Tetra Ortho Silicate ( TEOS ) and Ammonia Solution ( NH<sub>4</sub>OH ). Then, the SiO<sub>2 </sub>nanoparticles were coated with gold nanoparticles. In this study, a new preparation of SiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles is reported.<sub> </sub> The characterization of SiO<sub>2</sub> nanoparticles are done by TEM, XRD and UV.
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Zhang, Qian;, Idoia; Castellanos-Rubio, Rahul; Munshi, et al. "Model Driven Optimization of Magnetic Anisotropy of Exchange-Coupled Core-Shell Ferrite Nanoparticles for Maximal Hysteretic Loss." Chemistry of Materials 27, no. 21 (2015): 7380–87. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b03261.
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This study provides a guide to maximizing hysteretic loss by matching the design and synthesis of superparamagnetic nanoparticles to the desired hyperthermia application. The maximal heat release from magnetic nanoparticles to the environment depends on intrinsic properties of magnetic nanoparticles (e.g., size, magnetization, and magnetic anisotropy) and extrinsic properties of the applied fields (e.g., frequency and field strength). Often, the biomedical hyperthermia application limits flexibility in settings of many parameters (e.g., nanoparticle size and mobility, field strength, and frequency). We show that core–shell nanoparticles combining a soft (Mn ferrite) and a hard (Co ferrite) magnetic material form a system in which the effective magnetic anisotropy can be easily tuned independently of the nanoparticle size. A theoretical framework to include the crystal anisotropy contribution of the Co ferrite phase to the nanoparticle's total anisotropy is developed. The experimental results confirm that this framework predicts the hysteretic heating loss correctly when including nonlinear effects in an effective susceptibility. Hence, we provide a guide on how to characterize the magnetic anisotropy of core–shell magnetic nanoparticles, model the expected heat loss, and thereby synthesize tuned nanoparticles for a particular biomedical application.
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Roostaee, Maryam, and Iran Sheikhshoaie. "Magnetic Nanoparticles; Synthesis, Properties and Electrochemical Application: A Review." Current Biochemical Engineering 6, no. 2 (2020): 91–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2212711906666200316163207.
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Background: The Fe3O4 nanoparticles have been highly regarded in recent years due to their unique properties and different applications. Magnetic separation capability of Fe3O4 nanoparticles provides an environmentally friendly procedure for the synthesis of this nanoparticle and its derivatives. Objective: There are many methods for synthesizing magnetic nanoparticles, and the properties of these nanoparticles are largely dependent on their synthesis method. Magnetite has many applications in various fields, one of the most important of which is the application of electrochemical sensors. These nanoparticles attached to the surface of different electrodes and used for the sensitive and selective electrochemical determination of trace amounts of several combinations. In this review paper, recently suggested synthesis methods of Fe3O4 and its derivatives and their electrochemical application are discussed.
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Yang, Dong, and En Jie Sun. "Fabrication of Hydroxyapatite and Observation of Nanoparticles Entering into Cells." Advanced Materials Research 366 (October 2011): 451–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.366.451.
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Unambiguous and thorough knowledge of interactions between cells and nanoparticles was necessary for applications of nanoparticle in living system. In this report we presented systematic studies of fabrication of inorganic nanoparticles and the application of entering into cells. Size distribution, zeta potential and transmission electron microscope (TEM) were performed to characterize the nanoparticles structure and define the mechanism by which nanoparticles are capable of entering into cells. The study revealed nanoparticles can entered cells via penetrating through the lipophilic bilayer, which should be paid attention to for inspirational value insome application researches and will be harmful in other cases.
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Enas Hatem Kareem, Tamara Natik Dawood, and Firas Rashad Al-Samarai. "Application of Nanoparticle in the Veterinary Medicine." Magna Scientia Advanced Research and Reviews 4, no. 1 (2022): 027–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/msarr.2022.4.1.0082.
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Nanotechnology is a modern and developed technology, which have great importance in many fields of medicine (diagnosis and treatment). Also, it used to prevent and solve many problems related to animal production and health. The Nanosystems are including metallic nanoparticles, liposomes, polymeric Nanospheres, polymeric micelles, carbon nanotubes, functionalized fullerenes, polymer-coated Nanocrystals, dendrimers and Nanoshells. Our review showed a details classification of nanoparticles and their uses. Nanoparticles have several features depended on the size, colossal surface. The development of antibiotics nanoparticle is very important and has an excellent impact in treating bacterial infections wherever the antibiotics nanoparticle gives high therapeutic effect without negative side effects. Our review showed some aspects of the nanoparticles' classification and their uses in general form and veterinary medicine, focusing the light on nanoparticle applications in the nutrient, Biocides, meat and egg quality, milk, animal treatment diseases, and reproduction the animals.
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N. Vignesh, K. Sheela Kumari, and Abby Abraham. "Nanoparticles: A Boon to Dentistry." Magna Scientia Advanced Research and Reviews 7, no. 1 (2023): 074–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/msarr.2023.7.1.0024.
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Nanotechnology has recently emerged as a rapid growing field with various biomedical science applications. With all types of nanoparticles, silver nanoparticle (AgNPs) have been used in medicine and dentistry due to their antimicrobial property. In dentistry, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been incorporated into biomaterials to enhance their property and clinical efficiency. In this article, we discuss about the role of nanoparticles in dentistry and application of nanoparticles in prosthodontics.
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Yusuf, Esther O., Ityona Amber, Simon Officer, and Gbenga F. Oluyemi. "Controlled Application of Nanoparticles for Remediation in Oil and Gas Application: Strategies, Challenges, and Innovations." Energies 18, no. 4 (2025): 991. https://doi.org/10.3390/en18040991.
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This review provides a detailed examination of strategies for controlling the deposition of nanoparticles in porous media, emphasising the factors influencing their long-term stability and the challenges faced in practical applications. The review explores fundamental mechanisms of nanoparticle retention, including surface modification, intelligent materials, and optimised injection techniques, while discussing environmental and operational variables such as flow velocity, pH, ionic strength, and particle size. The review highlights innovative strategies to maintain nanoparticle stability over time, including responsive ligands, smart nanoparticles, self-healing coatings, and encapsulation techniques. Real-world case studies, including projects from Lockheed Martin, NanoRem, and NANO IRM, illustrate the practical application of these strategies in environmental remediation, emphasising the need for regulatory compliance and long-term monitoring. Overall, this review offers critical insights into the controlled application of nanoparticles for remediation, providing a roadmap for addressing the technical and regulatory challenges associated with their deployment in porous media.
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Wang, Yi, Fengkai Ruan, Zhenghong Zuo, and Chengyong He. "Nanoparticle-Induced m6A RNA Modification: Detection Methods, Mechanisms and Applications." Nanomaterials 12, no. 3 (2022): 389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12030389.
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With the increasing application of nanoparticles (NPs) in medical and consumer applications, it is necessary to ensure their safety. As m6A (N6-methyladenosine) RNA modification is one of the most prevalent RNA modifications involved in many diseases and essential biological processes, the relationship between nanoparticles and m6A RNA modification for the modulation of these events has attracted substantial research interest. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the relationship between nanoparticles and m6A RNA modification, but evidence is beginning to emerge. Therefore, a summary of these aspects from current research on nanoparticle-induced m6A RNA modification is timely and significant. In this review, we highlight the roles of m6A RNA modification in the bioimpacts of nanoparticles and thus elaborate on the mechanisms of nanoparticle-induced m6A RNA modification. We also summarize the dynamic regulation and biofunctions of m6A RNA modification. Moreover, we emphasize recent advances in the application perspective of nanoparticle-induced m6A RNA modification in medication and toxicity of nanoparticles to provide a potential method to facilitate the design of nanoparticles by deliberately tuning m6A RNA modification.
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Galkin, Mikhail. "Application of cellular and artificial membranes in nanomedicine." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Medicine 15, no. 4 (2020): 290–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu11.2020.407.
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The use of nanoparticles in treatment and diagnostics of a number of disorders is becoming more and more popular. Further investigations are needed for improving the specificity of nanoparticle action, precisely targeted drug delivery, decreasing opsonization of nanoparticles by macrophages. Numerous ways of nanoparticle surface modification have been successfully tested for increasing their therapeutic potential and reducing possible side effects. Nanoparticle encapsulation using plasma membranes of red blood cells as well as other cell types has been recently introduced. This field of translational medicine substantially expands opportunities for nanoparticle application in clinical diagnostics and therapy of cancer, cardiovascular diseases, in vaccine development etc. This review focuses on ways, advantages and disadvantages of using cellular membranes in nanomedicine. Application of artificial lipid membranes in nanoparticles encapsulation is proposed.
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Xu, Veena Wenqing, Mohammed Zahedul Islam Nizami, Iris Xiaoxue Yin, Ollie Yiru Yu, Christie Ying Kei Lung, and Chun Hung Chu. "Application of Copper Nanoparticles in Dentistry." Nanomaterials 12, no. 5 (2022): 805. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12050805.
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Nanoparticles based on metal and metallic oxides have become a novel trend for dental applications. Metal nanoparticles are commonly used in dentistry for their exclusive shape-dependent properties, including their variable nano-sizes and forms, unique distribution, and large surface-area-to-volume ratio. These properties enhance the bio-physio-chemical functionalization, antimicrobial activity, and biocompatibility of the nanoparticles. Copper is an earth-abundant inexpensive metal, and its nanoparticle synthesis is cost effective. Copper nanoparticles readily intermix and bind with other metals, ceramics, and polymers, and they exhibit physiochemical stability in the compounds. Hence, copper nanoparticles are among the commonly used metal nanoparticles in dentistry. Copper nanoparticles have been used to enhance the physical and chemical properties of various dental materials, such as dental amalgam, restorative cements, adhesives, resins, endodontic-irrigation solutions, obturation materials, dental implants, and orthodontic archwires and brackets. The objective of this review is to provide an overview of copper nanoparticles and their applications in dentistry.
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Fan, Xunqin, Shuan Liu, and Ke Ruan. "Application of magnetic nanoparticles Fe304 in the field of orthopedics and medicine." E3S Web of Conferences 271 (2021): 04041. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127104041.
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Magnetic nanoparticle Fe304 have super paramagnetic, biological cell compatibility, low toxicity, antibiosis and bacteriostasis, drug loading, sustained release and thermal effect. Using magnetic nanoparticies Fe304 as magnetic source, magnetic masoporous glass two-dimensional bone framework was synthesized under the action of external magnetic field, which provides growth space for bone repair, cell proliferation and metabolism, and contribute to mineralizing. The same time, The application of graphene, especially magnetic nanoparticles Fe304, in bone materials, bone repair and relatedmedicalfields was discussed.
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Song, Wenjing, and Shaohua Ge. "Application of Antimicrobial Nanoparticles in Dentistry." Molecules 24, no. 6 (2019): 1033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24061033.
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Oral cavity incessantly encounters a plethora of microorganisms. Plaque biofilm—a major cause of caries, periodontitis and other dental diseases—is a complex community of bacteria or fungi that causes infection by protecting pathogenic microorganisms from external drug agents and escaping the host defense mechanisms. Antimicrobial nanoparticles are promising because of several advantages such as ultra-small sizes, large surface-area-to-mass ratio and special physical and chemical properties. To better summarize explorations of antimicrobial nanoparticles and provide directions for future studies, we present the following critical review. The keywords “nanoparticle,” “anti-infective or antibacterial or antimicrobial” and “dentistry” were retrieved from Pubmed, Scopus, Embase and Web of Science databases in the last five years. A total of 172 articles met the requirements were included and discussed in this review. The results show that superior antibacterial properties of nanoparticle biomaterials bring broad prospects in the oral field. This review presents the development, applications and underneath mechanisms of antibacterial nanoparticles in dentistry including restorative dentistry, endodontics, implantology, orthodontics, dental prostheses and periodontal field.
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Botelho, I. T. D., S. R. B. Ferreira, and W. S. Ferreira. "A New Era for Gold Nitrate Nanoparticle Applications." Biotechnology Journal International 28, no. 1 (2024): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/bji/2024/v28i1708.
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Gold nanoparticles are included in the group of metallic nanoparticles, and their application has become possible recently because of new optical equipment, electronic devices, and probes capable of manufacturing, detecting, and identifying biomolecules of medical interest. Among the range of nanoparticles, one stands out: the gold nanoparticle. It doesn't possess toxic characteristics and can be administered in vivo. In this study, the structural, optical and electronic properties of gold nitrate were investigated using the density functional theory formalism, considering the gradient generalized approximation. Finally, we observe its application in nanobiotechnology, specifically photothermal applications.
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Faizan, Khan1 Surendra Dangi*2 Dr. Bhaskar Kumar Gupta3. "Review on Nanoparticle-Based Creams: Formulation, Characterization, and Applications in Therapeutics." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3, no. 4 (2025): 3049–54. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15280634.
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Nanoparticle-based creams have emerged as a promising advancement in the field of pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations due to their ability to enhance drug delivery, improve skin penetration, and provide sustained release of active ingredients. This review explores the formulation strategies, characterization techniques, and therapeutic applications of nanoparticle creams. Various types of nanoparticles, including liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), and polymeric nanoparticles, are discussed in terms of their advantages, challenges, and suitability for topical application. Additionally, the review delves into the mechanisms by which nanoparticles enhance the bioavailability and efficacy of active compounds, with a focus on dermatological applications such as wound healing, anti-aging, and drug delivery for skin diseases. Finally, future perspectives on the development of nanoparticle creams are presented, highlighting the need for innovation in formulation strategies, clinical testing, and regulatory standards.
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Korzun, Tetiana, Abraham S. Moses, Parham Diba, et al. "From Bench to Bedside: Implications of Lipid Nanoparticle Carrier Reactogenicity for Advancing Nucleic Acid Therapeutics." Pharmaceuticals 16, no. 8 (2023): 1088. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ph16081088.
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In biomedical applications, nanomaterial-based delivery vehicles, such as lipid nanoparticles, have emerged as promising instruments for improving the solubility, stability, and encapsulation of various payloads. This article provides a formal review focusing on the reactogenicity of empty lipid nanoparticles used as delivery vehicles, specifically emphasizing their application in mRNA-based therapies. Reactogenicity refers to the adverse immune responses triggered by xenobiotics, including administered lipid nanoparticles, which can lead to undesirable therapeutic outcomes. The key components of lipid nanoparticles, which include ionizable lipids and PEG-lipids, have been identified as significant contributors to their reactogenicity. Therefore, understanding the relationship between lipid nanoparticles, their structural constituents, cytokine production, and resultant reactogenic outcomes is essential to ensure the safe and effective application of lipid nanoparticles in mRNA-based therapies. Although efforts have been made to minimize these adverse reactions, further research and standardization are imperative. By closely monitoring cytokine profiles and assessing reactogenic manifestations through preclinical and clinical studies, researchers can gain valuable insights into the reactogenic effects of lipid nanoparticles and develop strategies to mitigate undesirable reactions. This comprehensive review underscores the importance of investigating lipid nanoparticle reactogenicity and its implications for the development of mRNA–lipid nanoparticle therapeutics in various applications beyond vaccine development.
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Nourafkan, E., Z. Hu, M. Garum, H. Esmaeili, and D. Wen. "Nanomaterials for subsurface application: study of particles retention in porous media." Applied Nanoscience 11, no. 6 (2021): 1847–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13204-021-01843-2.
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AbstractThe ability to transport nanoparticles through porous media has interesting engineering applications, notably in reservoir capacity exploration and soil remediation. A series of core-flooding experiments were conducted for quantitative analysis of functionalized TiO2 nanoparticles transport through various porous media including calcite, dolomite, silica, and limestone rocks. The adsorption of surfactants on the rock surface and nanoparticle retention in pore walls were evaluated by chemical oxygen demand (COD) and UV–Vis spectroscopy. By applying TiO2 nanoparticles, 49.3 and 68.0 wt.% of surfactant adsorption reduction were observed in pore walls of dolomite and silica rock, respectively. Not surprisingly, the value of nanoparticle deposition for dolomite and silica rocks was near zero, implying that surfactant adsorption is proportional to nanoparticle deposition. On the other hand, surfactant adsorption was increased for other types of rock in presence of nanoparticles. 5.5, 13.5, and 22.4 wt.% of nanoparticle deposition was estimated for calcite, black and red limestone, respectively. By making a connection between physicochemical rock properties and nanoparticle deposition rates, we concluded that the surface roughness of rock has a significant influence on mechanical trapping and deposition of nanoparticles in pore-throats.
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Sandhya, Dr J., and Neelamegam M. "Bio Synthesis of Nanoparticles from Bio Waste and Its Application on Anti Corrosion, Antifungal and Paint Applications." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 04 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem44611.
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This study demonstrates the green synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles using pomegranate and orange peel extracts, with pomegranate proving more effective based on a UV-Vis absorption peak at 390 nm. SEM and DLS analyses revealed nanoparticle sizes ranging from 100–250 nm and an average hydrodynamic diameter of 238.7 nm (PDI 0.296). FTIR confirmed the presence of phytochemical capping agents, while XRD validated a hexagonal wurtzite structure. The nanoparticles exhibited strong antifungal activity, with 100 µL of ZnO formulation producing inhibition zones of 12 mm and 15 mm against Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger, respectively. In corrosion resistance testing, ZnO-incorporated paint showed significantly less rust compared to normal paint after 10 days of salt spray exposure, and the nanoparticle spray visibly reduced rust within 5 minutes. These findings highlight the potential of fruit peel-derived ZnO nanoparticles as eco-friendly, multifunctional agents for antifungal coatings and corrosion prevention, aligning with green chemistry and sustainable waste utilization practices. KEYWORDS: Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles, Green Synthesis, Antifungal Activity, Corrosion Resistance, Surface Protection.
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Sandhya, Dr J., and Neelamegam M. "Bio Synthesis of Nanoparticles from Bio Waste and Its Application on Anti Corrosion, Antifungal and Paint Applications." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 09, no. 04 (2025): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem44610.
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This study demonstrates the green synthesis of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles using pomegranate and orange peel extracts, with pomegranate proving more effective based on a UV-Vis absorption peak at 390 nm. SEM and DLS analyses revealed nanoparticle sizes ranging from 100–250 nm and an average hydrodynamic diameter of 238.7 nm (PDI 0.296). FTIR confirmed the presence of phytochemical capping agents, while XRD validated a hexagonal wurtzite structure. The nanoparticles exhibited strong antifungal activity, with 100 µL of ZnO formulation producing inhibition zones of 12 mm and 15 mm against Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger, respectively. In corrosion resistance testing, ZnO-incorporated paint showed significantly less rust compared to normal paint after 10 days of salt spray exposure, and the nanoparticle spray visibly reduced rust within 5 minutes. These findings highlight the potential of fruit peel-derived ZnO nanoparticles as eco-friendly, multifunctional agents for antifungal coatings and corrosion prevention, aligning with green chemistry and sustainable waste utilization practices. KEYWORDS: Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles, Green Synthesis, Antifungal Activity, Corrosion Resistance, Surface Protection.
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Barbosa, Ana, Sofia Costa Lima, and Salette Reis. "Application of pH-Responsive Fucoidan/Chitosan Nanoparticles to Improve Oral Quercetin Delivery." Molecules 24, no. 2 (2019): 346. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24020346.
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Polymeric nanoparticles based on fucoidan and chitosan were developed to deliver quercetin as a novel functional food. Through the polyelectrolyte self-assembly method, fucoidan/chitosan (F/C) nanoparticles were obtained with three different weight ratios (1/1, 3/1, and 5/1). The content of quercetin in the fucoidan/chitosan nanoparticles was in the range 110 ± 3 to 335 ± 4 mg·mL−1, with the increase of weight ratio of fucoidan to chitosan in the nanoparticle. Physicochemically stable nanoparticles were obtained with a particle size within the 300–400 nm range and surface potential higher than +30 mV for the 1F/1C ratio nanoparticle and around −30 mV for the 3F/1C and 5F/1C ratios nanoparticles. The 1F/1C ratio nanoparticle became larger and more unstable as the pH increased from 2.5 to 7.4, while the 3F/1C and 5F/1C nanoparticles retained their initial characteristics. This result indicates that the latter nanoparticles were stable along the gastrointestinal tract. The quercetin-loaded fucoidan/chitosan nanoparticles showed strong antioxidant activity and controlled release under simulated gastrointestinal environments (in particular for the 3F/1C and 5F/1C ratios), preventing quercetin degradation and increasing its oral bioavailability.
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Dean, James, Michael G. Taylor, and Giannis Mpourmpakis. "Unfolding adsorption on metal nanoparticles: Connecting stability with catalysis." Science Advances 5, no. 9 (2019): eaax5101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aax5101.
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Metal nanoparticles have received substantial attention in the past decades for their applications in numerous areas, including medicine, catalysis, energy, and the environment. Despite these applications, the fundamentals of adsorption on nanoparticle surfaces as a function of nanoparticle size, shape, metal composition, and type of adsorbate are yet to be found. Herein, we introduce the first universal adsorption model that accounts for detailed nanoparticle structural characteristics, metal composition, and different adsorbates by combining first principles calculations with machine learning. Our model fits a large number of data and accurately predicts adsorption trends on nanoparticles (both monometallic and alloy) that have not been previously seen. In addition to its application power, the model is simple and uses tabulated and rapidly calculated data for metals and adsorbates. We connect adsorption with stability behavior of nanoparticles, thus advancing the design of optimal nanoparticles for applications of interest, such as catalysis.
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P. Mohanapriya and B. Harinipriya. "Aegle Marmoles Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticle Loaded Hydrogel for Topical Application for Wound Dressing." Journal of Environmental Nanotechnology 12, no. 2 (2023): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.13074/jent.2023.06.232470.
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Nanotechnology gain significance importance in various field such as medicine, electronic, waste treatment and defence sectors. The physical, chemical and biological methods of producing and usage of nanoparticles for different end economic cost of beneficial application brought wide interest on nanoparticles. Aegle marmelos commonly known as Bael is used in ancient Indian medicine siddha and Ayurveda from time immemorial. It also considered to be most sacred plant in India. Silver Nanoparticles were synthesized with the aid of novel, non-toxic, eco-friendly biological method using Aegle marmelos leaf extract. Silver nanoparticles used in medicinal industry such as topical ointment to prevent infection against burns and wounds. Hydrogel loaded with metal nanoparticle have great importance for many applications in the biomedical and biotechnological field. In the present study, the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles-based hydrogel of Maha vilvam (Aegle marmelos) extract for topical delivery. The usage of Aegle marmelos in the form of hydrogel with nanoparticle has extended its well-established application in the field of wound healing, tissue engineering and drug delivery. Further, the characterization study was carried out on biosynthesised silver nanoparticle loaded hydrogel by using UV-Visible spectrophotometer, Fourier Transform –Infrared Spectroscopy and SEM analysis. The antimicrobial resistance was accessed for the biosynthesised silver nanoparticle loaded hydrogel against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, zone of inhibition was measured.
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Hameed, Aneela, Hafiza Mehvish Mushtaq, and Majid Hussain. "Magnetite (Fe3O4) - Synthesis, Functionalization and its Application." International Journal of Food and Allied Sciences 3, no. 2 (2018): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.21620/ijfaas.2017264-75.
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<p>Nanoparticles are smaller than 100nm. Size of particle depends upon the method that is used for synthesis of nanoparticles. Magnetic nanoparticles consist of iron, cobalt and nickel and their chemical compounds. Their safety or toxicity is major concern for use in food. Magnetite, hematite and meghemite are types of magnetic nanoparticles. Magnetite (Fe3O4) common among the magnetic iron oxide nanoparticle that is used in food industry. Magnetite is getting popular due to its super paramagnetic properties and lack of toxicity to humans. Different methods are used to synthesize magnetic nanoparticles. Upon contact with air these particles loses magnetism and mono-dispersibility. To overcome this problem these nanoparticles are coated with natural or synthetic polymers, metals, organic and inorganic substances to create stable and hydrophilic nanostructures. Due to easy separation with magnet these magnetic nanoparticles are used as an affinity probe to remove bacteria from different food samples and have food related applications e.g, protein purification, enzyme immobilization and food analysis. These magnetic nanoparticles also used for removal of heavy metals and used in medical field.</p>
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Shalimba, Veikko, and Vít Sopko. "JATROPHA OIL WITH IRON NANOPARTICLES APPLICATION IN DRILLING PROCESSES." Acta Polytechnica 59, no. 3 (2019): 299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/ap.2019.59.0299.
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A performance of heat transfer fluids has a substantial influence on the size, weight and cost of heat transfer systems, therefore, a high-performance heat transfer fluid is very important in many industries. Over the last decades, nanofluids have been developed. According to many researchers and publications on nanofluids, it is evident that nanofluids have a high thermal conductivity. The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the change of the workpiece temperature during drilling using Jatropha oil with iron nanoparticles and water with iron nanoparticles as lubricating and cooling fluids. These experiments were carried out with samples of nanofluid with different nanoparticles volume ratio, such as samples JN1, JN5 and JN10 of iron nanoparticles in the base Jatropha oil with a nanoparticle volume fraction of 1 %, 5% and 10% respectively and samples WN1, WN5 and WN10 of iron nanoparticles in the base water with a nanoparticle volume fraction of 1 %, 5% and 10% respectively.
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Wahab, Abdul, Nazir Ahmad, Sadia Hassan, and Syed Saad Mazhar. "A Mini-Review of the Application of Nanotechnology in Fishery for the Detection and Control of Diseases: An Emerging Tool." IPS Journal of Nutrition and Food Science 1, no. 1 (2022): 30–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.54117/ijnfs.v1i1.9.
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The application of nanotechnology has emerged as an extensive approach in the research field of medicine. Thus, the use of nanoparticles as a diagnostic method is now developing. Nanoparticles are considered a sensitive tool and have a vast range of applications in different areas like vaccination, drug delivery, medicines, and disease diagnosis. In this regard, this review focused on the various areas of nanoparticle applications in fisheries.
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Mitra, Manu. "Applications and Properties of Gold Nanoparticles." Nanoparticle 1, no. 1 (2019): 1–3. https://doi.org/10.35702/nano.10004.
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Gold nanoparticles are used for medical applications rather using elements such as platinum which can be lethal in certain circumstances. Forming gold into nanoparticles allows to use areas that are too small to reach which brings new potential and capabilities. For Gold nanoparticle application, it has some clear advantages– when gold nanoparticles are very small with a diameter of 5 nm or less, they can used as catalyst; for instance transform air pollutants into harmless molecules. Gold nanoparticle can also be used to treat diseased regions of the body such as cancer tumors and other molecules such as therapeutic drug molecules. Another interesting property of gold nanoparticle; it has ability to convert certain wavelengths of light into heat [1].
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Yuan, Bin, Rouzbeh Ghanbarnezhad Moghanloo, and Da Zheng. "Analytical Evaluation of Nanoparticle Application To Mitigate Fines Migration in Porous Media." SPE Journal 21, no. 06 (2016): 2317–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/174192-pa.
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Summary This paper examines an application of the method of characteristics (MOC) to evaluate the effectiveness of nanoparticles to mitigate fines migration in porous media. The positive contribution of nanoparticles to mitigate fines migration was characterized by the increase of maximum retention concentration of fines particles on rock grains through two reactions described in this paper: (1) adsorption of nanoparticles onto the fines/grain surface and (2) increased retention of fines attachment on the pore surface by means of reducing the surface potential between grains and fines. We develop semianalytic MOC solutions for two different scenarios of nanoparticle application to control fines migration: (1) coinjection of nanoparticles with fines suspension into 1D permeable medium and (2) precoating porous medium with nanoparticles before fines injection to evaluate the enhanced capability of porous medium to capture unsettled fines by success of nanoparticle application. A nanoparticle adsorption front, a suspended fines front, and an attached fines front occur in our analytic solution, depending on conditions. The mitigation index (MI) is introduced to evaluate the success of nanoparticles to control fines migration. In addition, the proposed approach provides a fast and reliable method to optimize nanoparticles treatment (nanoparticles concentration and the required amount) to control fines migration. Through quantitative comparison of effluent history and concentration-profile plots, we verify the accuracy of the analytical solutions with both numerical simulations and experimental results. In practice, our analytical approach provides valuable insights into how nanoparticle application can help reduce fines migration in reservoirs suffering from fines-migration problems.
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Jena, Santosh Kumar. "Application of Silver Nanoparticles for Water Treatment." Journal of Advance Nanobiotechnology 2, no. 4 (2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.28921/jan.2018.02.21.
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Idris, Dahir Sagir, and Arpita Roy. "Synthesis of Bimetallic Nanoparticles and Applications—An Updated Review." Crystals 13, no. 4 (2023): 637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst13040637.
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The manipulation of matter at the atomic level (nanotechnology) has experienced an explosion in research interest in recent years. Bimetallic nanoparticles are vital due to their high biocompatibility, stability and comparatively less toxicity. The synthesis methods that include physical, chemical and biological methods are explored and explained in detail, along with their advantages. They have a wide range of applications due to their synergistic properties including biological applications (in medicine and agriculture), environmental application (in water treatment and removal of toxic contaminants), engineering application (in nanosensors, nanochips and nano-semiconductors) and chemical and physical application (in optics, catalysis and paints). The green synthesis approach is a promising method of synthesis that can give rise to more biocompatible and less toxic bimetallic nanoparticles due to increasing environmental pollution. However, despite these interesting attributes of bimetallic nanoparticle, there is still much work to be done to improve the biocompatibility of bimetallic nanoparticles because of their toxicity and potentially hazardous effects.
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Mpongwana, Ncumisa, and Sudesh Rathilal. "A Review of the Techno-Economic Feasibility of Nanoparticle Application for Wastewater Treatment." Water 14, no. 10 (2022): 1550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14101550.
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The increase in heavy metal contamination has led to an increase in studies investigating alternative sustainable ways to treat heavy metals. Nanotechnology has been shown to be an environmentally friendly technology for treating heavy metals and other contaminants from contaminated water. However, this technology is not widely used in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) due to high operational costs. The increasing interest in reducing costs by applying nanotechnology in wastewater treatment has resulted in an increase in studies investigating sustainable ways of producing nanoparticles. Certain researchers have suggested that sustainable and cheap raw materials must be used for the production of cheaper nanoparticles. This has led to an increase in studies investigating the production of nanoparticles from plant materials. Additionally, production of nanoparticles through biological methods has also been recognized as a promising, cost-effective method of producing nanoparticles. Some studies have shown that the recycling of nanoparticles can potentially reduce the costs of using freshly produced nanoparticles. This review evaluates the economic impact of these new developments on nanotechnology in wastewater treatment. An in-depth market assessment of nanoparticle application and the economic feasibility of nanoparticle applications in WWTPs is presented. Moreover, the challenges and opportunities of using nanoparticles for heavy metal removal are also discussed.
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Egbuna, Chukwuebuka, Vijaykumar K. Parmar, Jaison Jeevanandam, et al. "Toxicity of Nanoparticles in Biomedical Application: Nanotoxicology." Journal of Toxicology 2021 (July 30, 2021): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9954443.
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Nanoparticles are of great importance in development and research because of their application in industries and biomedicine. The development of nanoparticles requires proper knowledge of their fabrication, interaction, release, distribution, target, compatibility, and functions. This review presents a comprehensive update on nanoparticles’ toxic effects, the factors underlying their toxicity, and the mechanisms by which toxicity is induced. Recent studies have found that nanoparticles may cause serious health effects when exposed to the body through ingestion, inhalation, and skin contact without caution. The extent to which toxicity is induced depends on some properties, including the nature and size of the nanoparticle, the surface area, shape, aspect ratio, surface coating, crystallinity, dissolution, and agglomeration. In all, the general mechanisms by which it causes toxicity lie on its capability to initiate the formation of reactive species, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and neurotoxicity, among others.
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Li, Shidong, Yeap Hung Ng, Hon Chung Lau, Ole Torsæter, and Ludger P. Stubbs. "Experimental Investigation of Stability of Silica Nanoparticles at Reservoir Conditions for Enhanced Oil-Recovery Applications." Nanomaterials 10, no. 8 (2020): 1522. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10081522.
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To be effective enhanced oil-recovery (EOR) agents, nanoparticles must be stable and be transported through a reservoir. However, the stability of a nanoparticle suspension at reservoir salinity and temperature is still a challenge and how it is affected by reservoir rocks and crude oils is not well understood. In this work, for the first time, the effect of several nanoparticle treatment approaches on the stability of silica nanoparticles at reservoir conditions (in the presence of reservoir rock and crude oil) was investigated for EOR applications. The stability of nanoparticle suspensions was screened in test tubes at 70 °C and 3.8 wt. % NaCl in the presence of reservoir rock and crude oil. Fumed silica nanoparticles in suspension with hydrochloric acid (HCl), polymer-modified fumed nanoparticles and amide-functionalized silica colloidal nanoparticles were studied. The size and pH of nanoparticle suspension in contact with rock samples were measured to determine the mechanism for stabilization or destabilization of nanoparticles. A turbidity scanner was used to quantify the stability of the nanoparticle suspension. Results showed that both HCl and polymer surface modification can improve nanoparticle stability under synthetic seawater salinity and 70 °C. Suspensions of polymer-modified nanoparticles were stable for months. It was found that pH is a key parameter influencing nanoparticle stability. Rock samples containing carbonate minerals destabilized unmodified nanoparticles. Crude oil had limited effect on nanoparticle stability. Some components of crude oil migrated into the aqueous phase consisting of amide-functionalized silica colloidal nanoparticles suspension. Nanoparticles modification or/and stabilizer are necessary for nanoparticle EOR application.
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Góral, Dariusz, Andrzej Marczuk, Małgorzata Góral-Kowalczyk, Iryna Koval, and Dariusz Andrejko. "Application of Iron Nanoparticle-Based Materials in the Food Industry." Materials 16, no. 2 (2023): 780. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16020780.
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Due to their different properties compared to other materials, nanoparticles of iron and iron oxides are increasingly used in the food industry. Food technologists have especially paid attention to their ease of separation by magnetic fields and biocompatibility. Unfortunately, the consumption of increasing amounts of nanoparticles has raised concerns about their biotoxicity. Hence, knowledge about the applicability of iron nanoparticle-based materials in the food industry is needed not only among scientists, but also among all individuals who are involved in food production. The first part of this article describes typical methods of obtaining iron nanoparticles using chemical synthesis and so-called green chemistry. The second part of this article describes the use of iron nanoparticles and iron nanoparticle-based materials for active packaging, including the ability to eliminate oxygen and antimicrobial activity. Then, the possibilities of using the magnetic properties of iron nano-oxides for enzyme immobilization, food analysis, protein purification and mycotoxin and histamine removal from food are described. Other described applications of materials based on iron nanoparticles are the production of artificial enzymes, process control, food fortification and preserving food in a supercooled state. The third part of the article analyzes the biocompatibility of iron nanoparticles, their impact on the human body and the safety of their use.
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Cui, Jinhui, Haixin Cui, Yan Wang, et al. "Application of PEI-Modified Magnetic Nanoparticles as Gene Transfer Vector for the Genetic Modification of Animals." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/764521.
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To evaluate the performance of the magnetic nanoparticles as gene transfer vector for breeding transgenic animals, we investigated a new approach to deliver green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene to porcine kidney 15 (PK-15) and porcine embryonic fibroblast (PEF) cells using PEI-modified magnetic nanoparticles as gene vector. The morphology of the nanoparticles and nanoparticle/DNA complexes was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the surface of the particles becomes coarse and rough with increased average diameter, which implied the effective conjugating between nanoparticles with DNA. The zeta potential of nanoparticle/DNA complexes drops down from +29.4 mV to +23.1 mV comparing with pure nanoparticles. Agarose gel electrophoresis experiments show that DNA plasmids can be protected effectively against degradation of exonuclease and endonuclease. The efficiency of gene delivery was affected by the mass ratio of nanoparticle/DNA and the amount of nanoparticle/DNA complexes. We confirm that the most optimal mass ratio of nanoparticle/DNA is 1 : 1 by conducting a series of experiments. This work provides important experimental basis for the application of the magnetic nanoparticles on gene delivery to porcine somatic cells, which is significant for the achieving of breeding new transgenic cloned pigs by using somatic cell nuclear transfer technique.
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Chandoliya, Rakhi, Shivika Sharma, Vikas Sharma, Rohit Joshi, and Iyyakkannu Sivanesan. "Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle: A Comprehensive Review on Synthesis, Applications and Toxicity." Plants 13, no. 21 (2024): 2964. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants13212964.
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Nanotechnology has garnered significant interest worldwide due to its wide-ranging applications across various industries. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles are one type of nanoparticle that is commonly utilised in everyday use and can be synthesized by different techniques using physical, chemical and biological extracts. Green synthesis is an economical, environmentally benign and non-toxic method of synthesising nanoparticles. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles have a positive impact on plant physiology, particularly in response to biotic and abiotic stresses, depending on various factors like size, concentration, exposure of the nanoparticles and other variables. Further, titanium dioxide nanoparticles have many applications, such as being used as nano-fertilizers, adsorption of heavy metal from industrial wastewater and antimicrobial activity, as discussed in this review paper. Previous studies investigated whether titanium dioxide nanoparticles also induce genotoxicity may be due to mishandling procedure, exposure time, size, concentration and other variables. This is still contradictory and requires more research. The present review is a pragmatic approach to summarize the synthesis, application, nanotoxicity, genotoxicity and eco-friendly method of nanoparticle synthesis and disposable.
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Rufaida, Zahrah, and Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto. "Bibliometric Analysis of Aluminium Oxide Nanoparticle in Biomedical Applications." Advance Sustainable Science Engineering and Technology 4, no. 2 (2022): 0220203. http://dx.doi.org/10.26877/asset.v4i2.13336.
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Aluminium oxide nanoparticles are materials that can be used in various applications, for example in biomedicine. The purpose of this study was to determine research trends on Al2O3 nanoparticles in biomedical applications using bibliometric analysis. The data used in this study was obtained from Google Scholar using the Publish or Perish reference manager and data visualization using VOSviewer. The data obtained were based on the keywords Al2O3 nanoparticle, aluminium oxide nanoparticle, and biomedical application. Based on the analysis, we found 987 articles relevant to the keywords from 2012–2022. The results show that research on Al2O3 nanoparticles in biomedical applications from 2012–2022 tends to increase with the most articles in 2012, as many as 196 articles. This bibliometric analysis is expected to help other researchers who will conduct research on the same theme as discussed in this article.
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Singh, Gurpreet, Abdul Faruk, and Preet Mohinder Singh Bedi. "Technology Overview and Current Biomedical Application of Polymeric Nanoparticles." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 8, no. 6 (2018): 285–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v8i6.2015.
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Polymeric nanoparticle are of great importance in the treatment of various diseases, due to the flexibility in the modification of their structures. Recent advances in the field of nanotechnology facilitate the engineering of multifunctional polymeric nanoparticles. All the scientific efforts of the pharmaceuticals companies are mainly focusing on two basic aspects, one is to discover new molecules of potential therapeutic interest and second is to develop of a new drug delivery system. In the last few decades, research and development (R&D) scientists has directed their efforts toward formulating novel drug delivery systems that includes sustained and controlled release, modified release and targeted drug release dosage forms. Application of nanoscience and nanotechnology has opened several new possibilities in development of formulation This review compiles the different preparation methods of polymeric nanoparticles and then briefly explained their current potential applications.
 Keywords: Polymeric nanoparticles, PLGA, Biomedical applications, Biodegradable, Dialysis method
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Nallusamy, S., and A. Manoj Babu. "X-Ray Differaction and FESEM Analysis for Mixture of Hybrid Nanoparticles in Heat Transfer Applications." Journal of Nano Research 37 (December 2015): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.37.58.
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Heat transfer development has encouraged researcher in recent decades to develop concepts and technologies promoted by manufactures of ultra compact, miniaturized the heat transfer application. In thermal engineering lots of particle are being used for heat transfer application astonishing potential of hybrid nanoparticles. Amalgamation of hybrid nanoparticles has increasing interest in heat transfer enhancement. In this research mixture of hybrid nanoparticle was prepared using Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) and Copper (Cu) in different proportion in order to increase thermal conductivity. Two tests of X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) analysis were carried out. The heat transfer development was found in the hybrid nanoparticles mixed with water and tested in shell and tube heat exchanger and found that the enhancement is more with nanofluid when compared to water alone. Hybrid nanoparticles form immediate precipitate when it was used in any mechanical applications and it characterised by an improvement of base particles like nanoparticles of metals, metal oxides and carbides.
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Löwa, Norbert, Dirk Gutkelch, Ernst-Albrecht Welge, et al. "Novel Benchtop Magnetic Particle Spectrometer for Process Monitoring of Magnetic Nanoparticle Synthesis." Nanomaterials 10, no. 11 (2020): 2277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10112277.
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Magnetic nanoparticles combine unique magnetic properties that can be used in a variety of biomedical applications for therapy and diagnostics. These applications place high demands on the magnetic properties of nanoparticles. Thus, research, development, and quality assurance of magnetic nanoparticles requires powerful analytical methods that are capable of detecting relevant structural and, above all, magnetic parameters. By directly coupling nanoparticle synthesis with magnetic detectors, relevant nanoparticle properties can be obtained and evaluated, and adjustments can be made to the manufacturing process in real time. This work presents a sensitive and fast magnetic detector for online characterization of magnetic nanoparticles during their continuous micromixer synthesis. The detector is based on the measurement of the nonlinear dynamic magnetic response of magnetic nanoparticles exposed to an oscillating excitation at a frequency of 25 kHz, a technique also known as magnetic particle spectroscopy. Our results underline the excellent suitability of the developed magnetic online detection for coupling with magnetic nanoparticle synthesis based on the micromixer approach. The proven practicability and reliability of the detector for process monitoring forms the basis for further application fields, e.g., as a monitoring tool for chromatographic separation processes.
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Roszczenko, Piotr, Olga Klaudia Szewczyk, Robert Czarnomysy, Krzysztof Bielawski, and Anna Bielawska. "Biosynthesized Gold, Silver, Palladium, Platinum, Copper, and Other Transition Metal Nanoparticles." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 11 (2022): 2286. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14112286.
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Nanomedicine is a potential provider of novel therapeutic and diagnostic routes of treatment. Considering the development of multidrug resistance in pathogenic bacteria and the commonness of cancer, novel approaches are being sought for the safe and efficient synthesis of new nanoparticles, which have multifaceted applications in medicine. Unfortunately, the chemical synthesis of nanoparticles raises justified environmental concerns. A significant problem in their widespread use is also the toxicity of compounds that maintain nanoparticle stability, which significantly limits their clinical use. An opportunity for their more extensive application is the utilization of plants, fungi, and bacteria for nanoparticle biosynthesis. Extracts from natural sources can reduce metal ions in nanoparticles and stabilize them with non-toxic extract components.
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Khan, Faryad, Mohammad Shariq, Mohd Asif, Mansoor Ahmad Siddiqui, Pieter Malan, and Faheem Ahmad. "Green Nanotechnology: Plant-Mediated Nanoparticle Synthesis and Application." Nanomaterials 12, no. 4 (2022): 673. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12040673.
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The key pathways for synthesizing nanoparticles are physical and chemical, usually expensive and possibly hazardous to the environment. In the recent past, the evaluation of green chemistry or biological techniques for synthesizing metal nanoparticles from plant extracts has drawn the attention of many researchers. The literature on the green production of nanoparticles using various metals (i.e., gold, silver, zinc, titanium and palladium) and plant extracts is discussed in this study. The generalized mechanism of nanoparticle synthesis involves reduction, stabilization, nucleation, aggregation and capping, followed by characterization. During biosynthesis, major difficulties often faced in maintaining the structure, size and yield of particles can be solved by monitoring the development parameters such as temperature, pH and reaction period. To establish a widely accepted approach, researchers must first explore the actual process underlying the plant-assisted synthesis of a metal nanoparticle and its action on others. The green synthesis of NPs is gaining attention owing to its facilitation of the development of alternative, sustainable, safer, less toxic and environment-friendly approaches. Thus, green nanotechnology using plant extract opens up new possibilities for the synthesis of novel nanoparticles with the desirable characteristics required for developing biosensors, biomedicine, cosmetics and nano-biotechnology, and in electrochemical, catalytic, antibacterial, electronics, sensing and other applications.
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Kanaoujiya, Rahul, Shruti Kumari Saroj, Shekhar Srivastava, and Manoj Kumar Chaudhary. "Renewable Polysaccharide and Biomedical Application of Nanomaterials." Journal of Nanomaterials 2022 (April 15, 2022): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1050211.
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Nanotechnology being undoubtedly an uncut gem over the past few years has been in sighting as a new form of branch with its vigorous discoveries which have led to its divergent evolution giving emergence not only in the pathway of knowledge but also developing technological techniques. The constituting nanoparticles and its versatile properties with dynamic structures have made a major breakthrough in the past few years for its role in biotechnology arising nanobiotechnology, antipollution, renewable polymers, and its biomedical applications. Nanostructure composites forming nanomaterials on the basis of its working are pectin, cellulose, lignin, hyaluronic acid, bacterial cellulose, Arabic gum, and bacterial biosurfactants. In the recent years, it is seen that nanocomposites are giving promising results in medical technology incorporating with useful metal nanoparticles such as silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), diamond nanoparticles, zinc oxide (ZnO), and titanium oxide (TiO). Some useful biomedical applications are in anticancerous, sunscreen, antiageing, and antitumorous. They have shown to be nontoxic at a certain level. Nanoparticle composites have proven with right amount of doping, and experienced techniques have given excellent results. Nanofibers of biodegradable poly(L-lactide) (PLLA)/poly(lactide-co-glycol ide) (PLGA) compounds are used in drug delivery, folate redox-responsive chitosan nanoparticles (FTC-NPs) also as anticancer drug delivery, and mesoporous silica nanoparticles-silver nanoparticles as a tissue growth in vivo processes. The study of a biosynthetic pathway of therapeutic drugs is still much needed. Waste management of renewable nanopolymers are an ultimate goal so that there are less haphazard elements towards the environment.
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Samantra, Sonali, and Sirsendu Sekhar Ray. "Heterogeneous Mixture of Nanoparticles from MoS2 and Ta2O5: Synthesis and Characterization." Volume 4,Issue 5,2018 4, no. 5 (2018): 492–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.30799/jnst.153.18040508.
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The synthesis of metallic nanoparticles is an active area of academic and application research in nanotechnology. It is also an amalgamating technology which has fascinating multi-disciplinary application in various sections. Nanoparticles has been a conventional but field if we go on further decreasing the size we enter the field of quantum dots (<10 nm) with application in the form of tracers, labels, sensors etc. Molybdenum disulfide and tantalum nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized through FESEM, FTIR, XRD,UV-Vis spectroscopy, spectrofluorimetry, etc. The size of the synthesized nanoparticles as observed in FESEM were found to be in the range of 22 to 50 nm for molybdenum nanoparticle and 34.72 to 72.45 nm in case of tantalum. The EDAX analysis shows the composition of molybdenum nanoparticle as hydrogen(H), molybdenum(Mo), nitrogen(N), oxygen(O) and fluorine(F) with 32.3%, 66.3%, 0.43%, 0.32% and 0.5% respectively. The EDAX analysis show the composition of tantalum nanoparticle as hydrogen(H), tantalum(Ta), oxygen(O), nitrogen(N) and fluorine(F) with 35.9%,50%,4.8%,2.01%,7.17%. The XRD analysis of molybdenum disulfide images indicates the synthesized nanoparticle as crystalline in nature. The average crystallinity was found to be 7.93 nm. Tantalum nanoparticles with a crystallinity of 8.05 and 12.20 nm were observed as [2 0 0] and [1 1 0] planes. Biocompatibility of the synthesized nanoparticles was examined by MTT assay. The spectrofluorometry of the synthesized nanoparticles proves the fluorescence property which is most probably because of the quantum dots. Furthermore, the fluorescence property was also used for the cell imaging. The study is a first its kind to exercise the use of Mo and Ta quantum dots in the field of biomedical application and further work is necessary for optimization and implementation of the nanoparticles in the biological sector.
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OS, Job, Bala JD, Abubakar AN, Mustapha A, Innocent OM, and Friday NN. "Nanotechnology in Water Quality: Assessment Application for Microbial Detection and Control." Open Access Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology 9, no. 4 (2024): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajmb-16000308.
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Evaluation of water quality is critical for assuring the safety of drinking water, especially with the increasing incidence of microbiological pollutants. Traditional microbial detection and control methods, while successful, are time-consuming and may lack the sensitivity needed to detect infections at low concentrations. Nanotechnology has emerged as a significant tool in this field, providing novel approaches to quick pathogen identification and efficient disinfection. This review provides an overview of the latest developments in nanotechnology for assessing water quality, with a focus on nanosensors and nanomaterials. Nanosensors, such as gold nanoparticles, quantum dots, and magnetic nanoparticles, detect pathogens with great sensitivity and specificity. Furthermore, nanoparticle-based disinfection systems that use materials such as silver, zinc oxide, and titanium dioxide nanoparticles have shown high antibacterial activity. Nanocomposite membranes loaded with nanoparticles improve water filtration by both eliminating and inactivating microorganisms. Despite the potential of these technologies, issues including cost, scalability, and environmental safety must be addressed. This review indicates that nanotechnology has the potential to transform water quality monitoring and treatment by making it more efficient and accessible, especially in areas where clean water is rare.
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Rebekah, R. "In vitro antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of Neem and Kirata herbal formulation mediated Silver nanoparticles." Bioinformation 18, no. 11 (2022): 1069–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.6026/973206300181069.
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Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) gain great interest among noble metal nanoparticles due to their broad applications in medicine, dentistry, drug delivery, tissue and tumour imaging, biolabeling, and biosensing. The antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, and antiparasitic activity of AgNPs is well documented in the literature. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of Neem and Kirata herbal formulation-mediated silver nanoparticles against oral biofilm. The green synthesis of Neem and Kirata herbal formulation-mediated silver nanoparticles was done. The antimicrobial action against the strains of Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, and Streptococcus mutans were assessed. The results showed that the newly formulated nanoparticle had effective anti-microbial properties and decreased cytotoxic properties which make it advantageous for clinical applications and treatment modalities. It showed great potential for the nanoparticle in decreasing the bacterial effects and cytotoxic nature thereby providing future scope for clinical application in preventing oral biofilm formation and its deleterious effects.
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ZHANG, LIN-LIN, HONG-ZHEN XIE, MIN ZHANG, JIN-KU LIU, and XIAO-HONG YANG. "EFFECTIVE SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATION OF ZAO NANOPARTICLES WITH GOOD DISPERSION." Nano 07, no. 03 (2012): 1250017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292012500178.
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The well dispersed ZAO nanoparticle with 25–30 nm in diameter was prepared by an ultrasonic-template method. The morphologies, structures, and photoelectricity of the ZAO nanoparticles were analyzed by TEM, XRD, UV-Vis, etc. The thermochemistry behaviors of the precursor were studied by TG-DSC. The composite film with semipermeable structure made from ZAO nanoparticles and collodion can be explored firstly. The photocatalytic properties of the ZAO nanoparticles and composite film were investigated. The composite film can be applied in the sewage treatment field.
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Laxmanbhai Chaudhary, Ankitaben. "Application of Gold Nanoparticles in Medicine and Biology." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 10, no. 1 (2021): 561–65. https://doi.org/10.21275/sr21102132330.
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Maagi, Mtaki Thomas, and Gu Jun. "Application of nanoparticles for strengthening wellbore cement-formation bonding." Oil & Gas Science and Technology – Revue d’IFP Energies nouvelles 75 (2020): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2516/ogst/2020052.
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This study evaluates the wellbore shear bond strength of oil-well cement pastes containing nano-SiO2 and nano-TiO2 particles with an average of 20 ± 5 nm particle sizes. The nanoparticles were selected by weight of cement at proportions equivalent to 1, 2, 3 and 4%. The findings demonstrated that nanoparticles significantly increased the shear bond strength, and the strength increase was dependent on the nanoparticle types, dosage and curing period of the specimens. Due to effective pozzolanic activity, nano-SiO2 provided higher shear bond strength compared to nano-TiO2. The specimens containing 3% nano-SiO2 cured for 28 days displayed the utmost shear bond strength results (0.553 MPa). The optimal replacement dosage was 3% for all nanoparticles. The particle type did not affect the optimum nanoparticles replacement content. To examine the influence of nanoparticles on cement-formation bonding, a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric technique were used.
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M. A., Ma’aruf, Mustapha S., Giriraj T., Muhammad N. S., Habib M. U., and Abdulhaq S. G. "Sustainable Synthesis Strategies: Biofabrication's Impact on Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles." African Journal of Environment and Natural Science Research 7, no. 2 (2024): 229–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.52589/ajensr-jtfpyhuk.
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Conventional techniques for nanoparticle synthesis pose significant challenges, including the use of hazardous substances, high energy consumption, and prohibitively high costs. Moreover, their reliance on toxic solvents limits their application in critical biomedical fields, contributes to environmental hazards, and impedes scalability and industrial feasibility. In contrast, green synthesis offers a more environmentally friendly approach by utilizing non-toxic solvents, minimizing waste generation, and enhancing biocompatibility. With increasing interest in nanoparticle applications, researchers are intensifying their exploration of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles. This review critically evaluates various green fabrication methods, identifying the most promising strategies for synthesis and characterization. Additionally, it surveys the diverse applications of biofabricated metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, highlighting the immense potential, particularly in medicine. Copper-based and other metallic nanoparticles are examined in depth, predicting their future impact on advancing biomedical technologies.