Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Application sur des terminaux mobiles'
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Mazouzi, Houssemeddine. "Algorithmes pour le déchargement de tâches sur serveurs de périphérie." Thesis, Paris 13, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA131076.
Full textComputation offloading is one of the most promising paradigm to overcome the lack of computational resources in mobile devices. Basically, it allows the execution of part orall of a mobile application in the cloud. The main objective is to reduce both execution time and energy consumption for the mobile terminals. Unfortunately, even if clouds have rich computing and storage resources, they are usually geographically far from mobile applications and may suffer from large delays, which is particularly problematic for mobile applications with small response time requirements. To reduce this long delay, one of the emerging approach is to push the cloud to the network edge. This proximity gives the opportunity to mobile users to offload their tasks to “local” cloud for processing. An Edge Cloud can be seen as small data center acting as a shadow image of larger data centers. This geographical proximity between mobile applications and edge cloud means that the access delay can be greatly reduced, but affects also higher throughput, improved responsiveness and better scalability. In this thesis, we focus on computation offloading in mobile environment (Mobile Edge Computing - MEC), composed of several edge servers. Our goal is to explore new and effective offloading strategies to improve applications performances in both execution time and energy consumption, while ensuring application requirements. Our first contribution is a new offloading strategy in the case of multiple edge servers. Thenwe extend this strategy to include the Cloud. Both strategies have been evaluated theoretically and experimentally by the implementation of an offloading middleware. Finally, we propose a new elastic approach in the case of multitasking applications characterized by a graph of dependencies between tasks
Pigeau, Antoine. "Structuration géo-temporelle de données multimédia personnelles." Phd thesis, Nantes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NANT2131.
Full textUsage of mobile devices raises the need for organizing large personal multimedia collection. The present work focus on personal image collections acquired from mobile phones equipped with a camera. We deal with the structuring of an image collection as a clustering problem. Our solution consists in building two distinct temporal and spatial partitions, based on the temporal and spatial metadata of each image. The main ingredients of our approach are the Gaussian mixture models and the ICL criterion to determine the models complexities. First, we propose an incremental optimization algorithm to build non-hierarchical partitions in an automatic manner. It is then combined with an agglomerative algorithm to provide an incremental hierarchical algorithm. Finally, two techniques are roposed to build hybrid spatio-temporal classifications taking into account the human machine interaction constraints
Gaber, Chrystel. "Sécurisation d'un système de transactions sur terminaux mobiles." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01009369.
Full textGaber, Chrystel. "Sécurisation d’un système de transactions sur terminaux mobiles." Caen, 2013. https://theses.hal.science/tel-01009369.
Full textMobile-based transactions have driven growing attention for the past few years. This thesis focuses on mobile-based transaction systems which are managed by a mobile network operator. In such a context, transactions are carried out with electronic money emitted by the operator by the subscribers of the service only. This thesis addresses the problem of securing such services. We propose an architecture which achieves end-to-end security between the payment platform and the payment application in the mobile device. Is is based on a Secure Element (SE) and a Trusted Execution Environment. Several types of transactions were considered such as payments or transfers as well as different modes based on the connection availability of the various actors. The protocols proposed were formally verified. Their performances were also taken into account. Several classification algorithms were compared to be adapted to the fraud detection problem in mobile-based systems. To achieve this, the payment platform and the user's behavior were modeled to create a synthetic data generator. The latter is preliminarily validated in the thesis. The originality of this simulator is that it is based on data from an existing system
Decle, Fabrice. "Approches directes et planifiées de l'interaction 3D sur terminaux mobiles." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00421594.
Full textCependant, les spécificités ergonomiques et techniques des appareils mobiles risquent de rendre l'interaction avec l'environnement 3D difficile à réaliser efficacement. En particulier, les techniques d'interaction 3D développées pour les ordinateurs de bureau risquent de souffrir de l'absence de souris.
Dans ce mémoire, nous nous intéresserons aux contraintes et aux spécificités des terminaux mobiles et étudierons leur influence pour des tâches d'interaction 3D. La première partie du mémoire constitue une introduction aux différents domaines abordés dans cette thèse. Nous y définirons le terme de ``terminal mobile'' et aborderons les spécificités technologiques et ergonomique de ces appareils. Nous introduirons également les notions essentielles de géométrie et d'interaction 3D.
Nous nous intéresserons dans un second temps à l'interaction 3D avec un contrôle direct, utilisé dans beaucoup d'applications 3D. Dans ce mode d'interaction, les actions de l'utilisateur produisent des modifications dans l'environnement 3D en temps réel. Après une analyse de l'existant, nous présenterons nos travaux avec une technique d'inspection de modèles 3D qui utilise des informations telles que la profondeur ou la présence de contours dans l'image afin de calculer des mouvements de caméra adaptés au contexte. La suite de la deuxième partie sera consacrée à l'étude de l'apport de l'utilisation de deux doigts sur un écran tactile multi-points.
La troisième et dernière partie de ce mémoire est consacrée à l'interaction 3D ``planifiée''. Ce mode d'interaction est plus adapté aux contraintes des terminaux mobiles et possède l'avantage d'offrir une interaction d'un plus haut niveau que ne l'offre le contrôle direct. Nous verrons dans cette partie la définition exacte de ce mode d'interaction, ainsi que les différences, les forces et les faiblesses de cette manière d'interagir avec un environnement 3D. Nous présenterons dans cette partie nos contributions, à savoir une technique de sélection de point 3D utilisable à l'aide des touches de l'appareil, ainsi qu'une technique de placement de caméra simple à utiliser mais offrant un contrôle avancé, qui permet aux utilisateurs, novices ou experts, de spécifier un point de vue à l'aide de quelques gestes simples seulement.
Dakkak, Mustapha. "Géo-localisation en environnement fermé des terminaux mobiles." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00794586.
Full textBoulekrouche, Boubaker. "Génération cartographique à la volée pour des terminaux mobiles de type PDA." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23586/23586.pdf.
Full textPouderoux, Joachim. "Création semi-automatique de modèles numériques de terrains - Visualisation et interaction sur terminaux mobiles communicants." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00354701.
Full textDans un premier temps, nous nous intéressons à la création de ces modèles à partir d'une source importante de données topographiques constituée par les cartes topographiques. Nous présentons une chaîne complète de traitements permettant de générer un MNT à partir d'une carte topographique numérisée. Nous détaillons particulièrement de nouvelles méthodes de reconstruction des courbes de niveaux et d'interpolation de ces courbes pour générer un MNT. Les différents travaux effectués dans cette thématique s'intègrent au sein de la plate-forme logicielle AutoDEM que nous avons développée durant cette thèse.
Puis, dans une deuxième partie, nous présentons une nouvelle technique permettant de visualiser des MNT en 3D sur une large gamme de dispositifs allant de stations de travail reliées à de grands écrans jusqu'à des terminaux mobiles (TM) à faibles capacités tels que les PDA ou les téléphones portables. L'intérêt majeur de la technique présentée, qui repose sur un mode connecté client-serveur, réside dans l'adaptation dynamique du modèle 3D aux capacités d'affichage du terminal. Nous nous intéressons également à des techniques de rendu à distance et présentons deux techniques permettant d'offrir d'une part une visualisation interactive temps réel et d'autre part un panorama virtuel à l'utilisateur.
Enfin, dans un troisième temps, nous décrivons des techniques nouvelles permettant à un utilisateur mobile disposant d'un TM de naviguer et d'interagir avec des données géographiques (cartes ou plans 2D et scènes 3D). La première est une technique d'interaction tangible et bi-manuelle reposant sur la détection par analyse du flux vidéo d'une cible décrivant un code couleur. La deuxième est une technique de sélection à deux niveaux adaptée aux TM ne disposant pas de dispositif de pointage continu.
Abdallah, Mohamed. "Contributions à l'étude d'antennes miniatures accordables sur une large bande pour terminaux mobiles en bande UHF." Rennes 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009REN1S137.
Full textThe objectives of this work concern the conception and the development of miniature, passive or active antennas, working on a wide frequency band for mobile applications. This work has been included in two projects: Mobim@ges and Tocha. After a state of the art on the miniature antennas in the UHF band, we decided to use wire printed antennas and more specifically half-loop antennas fed by electromagnetic coupling. We present a study of the antenna loop with this kind of feeding which brings a significant improvement of the bandwidth of the new antenna (called MCLA) and lets envisage the association of active components. Regarding the small volume for an antenna expected in mobile terminals application, several techniques of size reduction of the antenna are presented (using inductances or high permittivity substrate, step in width). All these techniques were combined to reduce the dimensions of the antenna. The curvature of the monopole and a behaviour modification of the antenna when this one is loaded with a very high inductance bring an unidirectional radiation above the ground plane. Finally, because the miniaturization of the MCLA tends to reduce its bandwidth, this work describes several frequency-tuneable MCLA thanks to varactor diodes. This technique authorizes the use of this kind of antenna on very wide frequency band (40 % around 580 MHz in our case). Keywords: miniature antennas, quasi unidirectional radiation pattern, electromagnetic coupling, half-loop antenna, broadband antenna, frequency-tuneable antenna, varactor diodes
LE, BOUQUIN REGINE. "Traitements pour la reduction du bruit sur la parole. Application aux communications radio-mobiles." Rennes 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991REN10067.
Full textRoy, Pascal. "Etudes et réalisations d'antennes imprimées multifonctions : Application au regroupement des dispositifs de radiocommunications sur les mobiles." Limoges, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LIMO0032.
Full textGUEUGNOT, SYLVIE. "Action d'alcynes terminaux sur des halogenures propargyliques : syntheses de beta-diynes et l'allenynes; application a la synthese de metabolites d'acides gras." Paris 6, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA066167.
Full textKövesi, Klára. "L'Influence des barrieres au changement sur la fidélité des clients : Une application aux services des télécommunications mobiles." Rennes 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN1G014.
Full textGokana, Denis. "Contribution à la reconnaissance automatique de caractères manuscrits application à la lecture optique de caractères sur supports mobiles." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37597968v.
Full textGokana, Denis. "Contribution à la reconnaissance automatique de caractères manuscrits : application à la lecture optique de caractères sur supports mobiles." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112063.
Full textAmandolese, Xavier. "Contribution à l'étude des chargements fluides sur des obstacles non profilés fixes ou mobiles : application aux tabliers de pont." Marne-la-Vallée, ENPC, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENPC0106.
Full textThe dynamic response of large bridges against wind effects traditionally relies on fluid load models introducing steady and unsteady coefficients which have to be identified with wind tunnel tests. Although widely used, these wind models, and more specifically the aeroelastic ones which account for the motion-dependent flow response through the so-called aerodynamic damping and stiffness, are not well-known. Within this context, this thesis is focused on the study of bidimensional fluid mechanisms induced by fixed or moving bluff bodies in uniform flows. Unsteady pressure meas,urements through experimental section model tests is therefore compared with numerical results obtained from moving-grid computation of the Navier-Stokes equations for rectangular shapes with side-ratio 4 and 8 and Millau project section. The Proper Orthogonal Decomposition is used in addition to spectral analysis in order to explain section signatures and torsional motion-induced mechanisms, and to understand their influence on loads and aeroelastic reduced-order models. Based upon numerical and experimental results, effects of body shapes and dynamic characteristics (reduced wind speed, motion amplitude) on flow response and resulting loads are also examined. This thesis concludes by highlighting the conditions for using a CFD solver to study large scale flow behaviours
Scesa, Vincent. "Contrôleurs neuronaux dynamiques et apprentissage : du perfectionnement des algorithmes à leur application temps réel sur des systèmes robotiques." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006VERS0009.
Full textHow can we control a system that is difficult to model or with an incomplete knowledge?When theorical modeling reaches its limits, the cooperation between observation, learning and experience could answer this question and fill the lack of conventional techniques. This thesis gives a complete view of how to carry out this kind of control methodology for complex dynamical systems. Through a proposed classification of the current control techniques, the algorithm choices are first exposed (CTRNN networks - Continuous Time Recurrent Neural Networks - and BPTT learning -BackPropagation Through Time). To enable the stabilization and the amelioration of their behaviour, adaptations and improvements are then proposed and experimentally validated. Next, the algorithmic principles carried out to follow the real time constraints of our applications shows a way to implement this controller in industrial electronic units. At last, the experiments carried out on two polyarticulated dynamical systems: the road simulator of the BIA company and the biped robot of the LISV laboratory, confronts the developed methodology with real applications and associated constraints. A discussion on the use of our controller for the command of this kind of system is finally given
Riccardi, Delphine. "L'impact de la régulation économique sur l'entrée d'un investisseur privé dans une industrie de réseaux : Application aux services Européens de communications mobiles." Phd thesis, Jouy-en Josas, HEC, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005201.
Full textVandamme, Johan. "Modélisation des perturbations engendrées par la présence d'obstacles sur la propagation des ondes hyperfréquences en milieu urbain : application à la localisation de véhicules et aux télécommunications en tunnel." Lille 1, 1996. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1996/50376-1996-121.pdf.
Full textLailler, Casimir. "Guidage par vision artificielle d'un véhicule autonome sur route matérialisée par la signalisation horizontale : application à la protection des chantiers mobiles d'entretien du réseau routier." Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10092.
Full textPande, Tripti. "Developing and evaluating a smartphone application for tuberculosis amongst private sector academic clinicians in India." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27885.
Full textBackground: Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading infectious killer, and India accounts for 2.8 of the 10.4 million TB cases that occur each year, making it the highest TB burden country worldwide. Poor quality of TB care is a major driver of the epidemic in India. India’s large private, unregulated health sector manages over 50% of the TB patients, with studies showing suboptimal diagnosis and treatment in the private sector. This sector comprises of health professionals who are medically trained, and those who are not medically trained but are practicing medicine. Better education of doctors using mobile health (mHealth) applications is a possible solution. However, little is known about mHealth around TB in India. Objective: This masters thesis aimed to evaluate the user experience and acceptability of a smartphone application for TB (LearnTB) amongst private sector academic clinicians in India. Methods: This study adopted a two part approach. Five clinicians (part 1) and 101 clinicians (part 2) were contacted at Kasturba Hospital Manipal, Manipal, India between February and March 2017. The user experience of participants (part 1) was evaluated based on the System Usability Scale (SUS). Acceptability (part 2) was evaluated based on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, multiple linear regression as well as logistic regression analysis. Results: Response rates of 100% and 99% were achieved for part 1 and part 2, respectively. User experience was very positive. Regarding acceptability, a path analysis confirmed the direct relationship between perceived usefulness and intention to use, and the indirect relationship between perceived ease of use and intention to use. Logistic regression analysis helped target items strongly influencing intention to use. Conclusion: The user experience with LearnTB was very positive, and perceived usefulness has the highest impact on intention to use (acceptability). This study provides a preliminary analysis of mHealth interventions for TB in India, and emphasizes the need for future research in this domain.
Dufour-Gergam, Elisabeth. "Delta-dopage de couches de silicium élaborées par épitaxie par jet moléculaire avec implantation d'ions sb de faible énergie : application à la réalisation de transistor à effet de champ à grille tungstène." Paris 11, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA112254.
Full textBen, Ayed Emna. "Une approche pour l'évaluation des systèmes d'aide à la décision mobiles basés sur le processus d'extraction des connaissances à partir des données : application dans le domaine médical." Thesis, Valenciennes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017VALE0008.
Full textIn this work, we are interested in Mobile Decision support systems (MDSS), which are based on the Knowledge Discovery from Data process (MDSS/KDD). Our work is dealing with the evaluation of these systems, but also to the evaluation in the KDD process itself. The proposed approach appends an evaluation support module for each software module composing the KDD process based on quality models. The proposed evaluation support modules allow to evaluate not only the quality in use of each module composing the KDD process, but also other criteria that reflect the objectives of each KDD module. Our main goal is to help evaluators to detect defects as early as possible in order to enhance the quality of all the modules that constitute a MDSS/KDD. We have also presented a context-based method that takes into account the change of context of use due to mobility. In addition, we have proposed an evaluation support system that monitors and measures all the proposed criteria. Furthermore, we present the implementation of the proposed approach. These developments concern mainly the proposed evaluation tool: CEVASM: Context-based EVAluation support System for MDSS. Finally, the proposed approach is applied for the evaluation of the modules of a MDSS/KDD for the fight against nosocomial infections, in Habib Bourguiba hospital in Sfax, Tunisia. For every module in KDD, we are interested with the phase of evaluation. We follow the evaluation process based on the ISO/IEC 25040 standard. The objective is to be able to validate, a priori, the realized evaluation tool (CEVASM) and consequently, the proposed approach
Etienne, Laurent. "Motifs spatio-temporels de trajectoires d'objets mobiles, de l'extraction à la détection de comportements inhabituels : application au trafic maritime." Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00667953.
Full textKurtaliqi, Fidan. "Valeur d'usage d’une application mobile et impact sur la relation au point de vente : le cas des applications d’aide à l’achat." Thesis, Angers, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ANGE0003/document.
Full textThe breakthrough of mobile shopping applications is a recent phenomenon. The increasing use of smartphones in retail stores (i.e. more than 70% of consumers) has led retailers to develop these tools to help consumers make smarter purchases. However, similar to Self-service technologies (e.g. automatic cash registers), mobile applications raise many issues, particularly regarding the factors that create customer value. The objective of our research is therefore to measure the value of a mobile purchasing support application for the customer in the context of a retail store. It also involves determining the consequences on the relationship with the retail store. This work is based on the literature on the concept of value and on mobile purchasing assistance applications. Qualitative exploratory research in the form of focus groups highlights the benefits and costs associated with the use of mobile applications in the retail store. Various conditional elements that can moderate the link effects of these applications are also identified: type of retail store (food versus multimedia), type of application ("Pull" versus "Push") and level of personalization (personalized versus non-personalized). This leads us to the construction of a scale for measuring the value in use of an application and to the development of a conceptual model that incorporates the hybrid approach of value. This model aims to describe the creation of global value resulting from the use of a mobile purchasing assistance application and to identify the impact of this global value on loyalty. This model is tested using an experimental methodology for which fictive applications have been specially designed. Five successive quantitative studies are conducted on a total sample of more than 1000 students. Multigroup analysis are used to measure the moderating effects of conditional elements: The results show that the global value induced by the use of these mobile applications influences loyalty to the point of sale. Each of the conditional elements has moderating effects on the model links. The moderating effects of the "Push" application type combined with the high level of personalization achieve the best results with the creation of a significant global value impacting loyalty to the point of sale
Ladhari, Maroua. "Architecture générique de fusion par approche Top-Down : application à la localisation d’un robot mobile." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CLFAC052.
Full textThe issue that will be addressed in this thesis is the localization of a mobile robot. Equipped with low- cost sensors, the robot aims to exploit the maximum possible amount of information to meet an objective set beforehand. A data fusion problem will be treated in a way that at each situation, the robot will select which information to use to locate itself in a continuous way. The data we will process will be of different types.In our work, two properties of localization are desired: accuracy and confidence. In order to be controlled, the robot must know its position in a precise and reliable way. Indeed, accuracy refers to the degree of uncertainty related to the estimated position. It is returned by a fusion filter. If, in addition, the degree of certainty of being in this uncertainty zone is important, we will have a good confidence contribution and the estimate will be considered as reliable. These two properties are generally related. This is why they are often represented together to characterize the returned estimate of the robot position. In this work, our objective is to simultaneously optimize these two properties.To take advantage of the different existing techniques for an optimal estimation of the robot position, we propose a top-down approach based on the exploitation of environmental map environmental map defined in an absolute reference frame. This approach uses an a priori selection of the best informative measurements among all possible measurement sources. The selection is made according to a given objective (of accuracy and confidence), the current robot state and the data informational contribution.As the data is noisy, imprecise and may also be ambiguous and unreliable, the consideration of these limitations is necessary in order to provide the most accurate and reliable robot position estimation. For this, spatial focusing and a Bayesian network are used to reduce the risk of misdetection. However, in case of ambiguities, these misdetections may occur. A backwards process has been developed in order to react efficiently to these situations and thus achieve the set objectives.The main contributions of this work are on one side the development of a high-level generic and modular multi sensory localization architecture with a top-down process. We used a concept of perceptual triplet which is the set of landmark, sensor and detector to designate each perceptual module. At each time, a prediction and an update steps are performed. For the update step, the system selects the most relevant triplet (in terms of accuracy and confidence) according to an informational criterion. In order to ensure an accurate and relaible localization, our algorithm has been written in such a way that ambiguity aspects can be managed.On the other side, the developed algorithm allows to locate a robot in an environment map. For this purpose, the possibility of bad detections due to ambiguity phenomena has been taken into account in the backward process. Indeed, this process allows on the one hand to correct a bad detection and on the other hand to improve the returned position estimation to meet a desired objective
Cerutti, Guillaume. "Segmentation et interprétation d'images naturelles pour l'identification de feuilles d'arbres sur smartphone." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO22022/document.
Full textPlant species, and especially tree species, constitute a well adapted target for an automatic recognition process based on image analysis. The criteria that make their identification possible are indeed often morphological visual elements, which are well described and referenced by botany. This leads to think that a recognition through shape is worth considering. Leaves stand out in this context as the most accessible discriminative plant organs, and are subsequently the most often used for this problem recently receiving a particular attention. Automatic identification however gives rise to a fair amount of complex problems, linked with the processing of images, or in the difficult nature of the species classification itself, which make it an advanced application for pattern recognition.This thesis considers the problem of tree species identification from leaf images within the framework of a smartphone application intended for a non-specialist audience. The images on which we expect to work are then potentially very complex scenes and their acquisition rather unsupervised. We consequently propose dedicated methods for image analysis, in order to segment and interpret tree leaves, using an original shape modelling and deformable templates. The introduction on prior knowledge on the shape of objects enhances significatively the quality and the robustness of the information we extract from the image. All processing being carried out on the mobile device, we developed those algorithms with concern towards the material constraints of their exploitation. We also introduce a very specific description of leaf shapes, inspired by the determining characteristics listed in botanical references. These different descriptors constitute independent sources of high-level information that are fused at the end of the process to identify species, while providing the user with a possible semantic interpretation. The classification performance demonstrated over approximately 100 tree species are competitive with state-of-the-art methods of the domain, and show a particular robustness to difficult natural background images. Finally, we integrated the implementation of our recognition system into the \textbf{Folia} application for iPhone, which constitutes a validation of our approaches and methods in a real-world use
Féraud, Thomas. "Rejeu de chemin et localisation monoculaire : application du Visual SLAM sur carte peu dense en environnement extérieur contraint." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00697028.
Full textCariou, Christophe. "Contribution à la commande de robot mobile poly-articulé à roues sur sol naturel : application à la conduite autonome des engins agricoles." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00720208.
Full textMoreira, Julian. "Évaluer l'apport du binaural dans une application mobile audiovisuelle." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CNAM1243/document.
Full textIn recent years, smartphone and tablet global performances have been increased significantly (CPU, screen resolution, webcams, etc.). This can be particularly observed with video quality of mobile media services, such as video streaming applications, or interactive applications (e.g., video games). However, these evolutions barely go with the integration of high quality sound restitution systems. Beside these evolutions though, new technologies related to spatialized sound on headphones have been developed, namely the binaural restitution model, using HRTF (Head Related Transfer Functions) filters.In this thesis, we assess the potential contribution of the binaural technology to enhance the quality of experience of an audiovisual mobile application. A part of our work has been dedicated to define what is an “audiovisual mobile application”, what kind of application could be fruitfully experienced with a binaural sound, and among those applications which one could lead to a comparative experiment with and without binaural.In a first place, the coupling of a binaural sound with a mobile-rendered visual tackles a question related to perception: how to spatially arrange a virtual scene whose sound can be spread all around the user, while its visual is limited to a very small space? We propose an experiment in these conditions to study how far a sound and a visual can be moved apart without breaking their perceptual fusion. The results reveal a strong tolerance of subjects to spatial discrepancies between the two modalities. Notably, the absence or presence of individualization for the HRTF filters, and a large separation in elevation between sound and visual don’t seem to affect the perception. Besides, subjects consider the virtual scene as if they were projected inside, at the camera’s position, no matter what distance to the phone they sit. All these results suggest that an association between a binaural sound and a visual on a smartphone could be used by the general public.In the second part, we address the main question of the thesis, i.e., the contribution of binaural, and we conduct an experiment in a realistic context of use. Thirty subjects play an Infinite Runner video game in their daily lives. The game was developed for the occasion in two versions, a monophonic one and a binaural one. The experiment lasts five weeks, at a rate of two sessions per day, which relates to a protocol known as the “Experience Sampling Method”. We collect at each session notes of immersion, memorization and performance, and compare the notes between the monophonic sessions and the binaural ones. Results indicate a significantly better immersion in the binaural sessions. No effect of sound rendering was found for memorization and performance. Beyond the contribution of the binaural, we discuss about the protocol, the validity of the collected data, and oppose theoretical considerations to practical feasibility
Barros, Regiany De Almeida. "La téléphonie mobile. Regards croisés entre la France et le Brésil sur la diffusion de contenus à propos du développement durable." Thesis, Paris 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA030015.
Full textThis thesis studies the relationship between media production and citizen practice in the mobile applications industry concerning sustainable development contents in France, Brazil, and - to a lesser degree - in the United States between 2009 and 2011. Within this framework, sustainable development was chosen as a basis for discussion as it illustrates the notion of the common good. We study the construction of technical innovation and digital content production. We highlight the interests of the relevant players - operators and stakeholders. The notion of the various interests involved is the central theme of our study. We focus on the role of professionals as specialized intermediaries, who ensure the interaction between the interests involved. Do we detect a civic involvement of these professionals torn between their technical and creative qualifications and societal responsibilities? This is the underlying theme of this thesis
Borcheni, Emna. "Une approche pour l'évaluation des systèmes d'aide à la décision mobiles basés sur le processus d'extraction des connaissances à partir des données : application dans le domaine médical." Thesis, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017VALE0008/document.
Full textIn this work, we are interested in Mobile Decision support systems (MDSS), which are based on the Knowledge Discovery from Data process (MDSS/KDD). Our work is dealing with the evaluation of these systems, but also to the evaluation in the KDD process itself. The proposed approach appends an evaluation support module for each software module composing the KDD process based on quality models. The proposed evaluation support modules allow to evaluate not only the quality in use of each module composing the KDD process, but also other criteria that reflect the objectives of each KDD module. Our main goal is to help evaluators to detect defects as early as possible in order to enhance the quality of all the modules that constitute a MDSS/KDD. We have also presented a context-based method that takes into account the change of context of use due to mobility. In addition, we have proposed an evaluation support system that monitors and measures all the proposed criteria. Furthermore, we present the implementation of the proposed approach. These developments concern mainly the proposed evaluation tool: CEVASM: Context-based EVAluation support System for MDSS. Finally, the proposed approach is applied for the evaluation of the modules of a MDSS/KDD for the fight against nosocomial infections, in Habib Bourguiba hospital in Sfax, Tunisia. For every module in KDD, we are interested with the phase of evaluation. We follow the evaluation process based on the ISO/IEC 25040 standard. The objective is to be able to validate, a priori, the realized evaluation tool (CEVASM) and consequently, the proposed approach