Relevant bibliographies by topics / Applied Optics and Photonics

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Applied Optics and Photonics'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Applied Optics and Photonics"

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Tatam, Ralph P. "Applied optics to engineering photonics: a retrospective." Photonic Sensors 1, no. 4 (2011): 295–322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13320-011-0041-4.

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Yeh, Chai. "Applied Photonics." Optical Engineering 35, no. 2 (1996): 588. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/1.600943.

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Pustelny, Tadeusz. "The 13th conference on Integrated Optics - Sensors, Sensing Structures and Methods IOS'2018." Photonics Letters of Poland 10, no. 1 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v10i1.807.

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The conference covers the topical areas of optics, optoelectronics and photonics in the following aspects: fundamental and applied research, physics and technical, materials, components and devices, circuits and systems, technological and design, construction and manufacturing of photonic devices and systems, and metrology.
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King, F. Graham Smith and Terry A. "Optics and Photonics: An Introduction." Measurement Science and Technology 12, no. 1 (2000): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-0233/12/1/701.

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Miri, Mohammad-Ali, and Andrea Alù. "Exceptional points in optics and photonics." Science 363, no. 6422 (2019): eaar7709. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aar7709.

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Exceptional points are branch point singularities in the parameter space of a system at which two or more eigenvalues, and their corresponding eigenvectors, coalesce and become degenerate. Such peculiar degeneracies are distinct features of non-Hermitian systems, which do not obey conservation laws because they exchange energy with the surrounding environment. Non-Hermiticity has been of great interest in recent years, particularly in connection with the quantum mechanical notion of parity-time symmetry, after the realization that Hamiltonians satisfying this special symmetry can exhibit entirely real spectra. These concepts have become of particular interest in photonics because optical gain and loss can be integrated and controlled with high resolution in nanoscale structures, realizing an ideal playground for non-Hermitian physics, parity-time symmetry, and exceptional points. As we control dissipation and amplification in a nanophotonic system, the emergence of exceptional point singularities dramatically alters their overall response, leading to a range of exotic optical functionalities associated with abrupt phase transitions in the eigenvalue spectrum. These concepts enable ultrasensitive measurements, superior manipulation of the modal content of multimode lasers, and adiabatic control of topological energy transfer for mode and polarization conversion. Non-Hermitian degeneracies have also been exploited in exotic laser systems, new nonlinear optics schemes, and exotic scattering features in open systems. Here we review the opportunities offered by exceptional point physics in photonics, discuss recent developments in theoretical and experimental research based on photonic exceptional points, and examine future opportunities in this area from basic science to applied technology.
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Shah, Muzamil. "Probing topological quantum phase transitions via photonic spin Hall effects in spin-orbit coupled 2D quantum materials." Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 55, no. 10 (2021): 105105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/ac3c76.

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Abstract Topological photonics is an emerging field in photonics in which various topological and geometrical ideas are used to manipulate and control the behavior of light photons. The interplay between topological matter and the spin degree of freedom of photons provides new opportunities for achieving spin-based photonics applications. In this paper, the photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE) of reflected light from the surface of the topological silicene quantum systems subjected to external electric and radiation fields in the terahertz regime is theoretically investigated. By tuning the external electric and the applied laser fields, we can drive the silicenic system through different topological quantum phase transitions. We demonstrate that the in-plane and transverse spatial spin dependent shifts exhibit extreme values near Brewster’s angles and away from the optical transition frequencies. We reveal that the photonic spin Hall shifts are sensitive to the spin and valley indices as well as to the number of closed gaps. We believe that the spin and valley-resolved PSHE will greatly impact the research in spinoptics, spintronics, and valleytronics.
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Rocha Segundo, Iran, Salmon Landi Jr, Cátia Afonso, et al. "Applied Optics in the Development of Smart Asphalt Mixtures." EPJ Web of Conferences 266 (2022): 13021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202226613021.

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The functionalization of asphalt mixtures is carried out in order to provide new capabilities to the road pavements, with major social, environmental and financial benefits. Optical characterization techniques as well as optical processes like photocatalysis play a major role in the development of new asphalt mixtures with smart functions. These advanced capabilities which are being developed in asphalt mixtures are: photocatalytic, superhydrophobic, self-cleaning, de-icing/anti-ice, self-healing, thermochromic, and latent heat thermal energy storage. The main objective of this research work is to stress the importance of optics and photonics technologies giving an overview of advanced functionalized smart asphalt mixtures.
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Rutkowska, Katarzyna Agnieszka, and Mirosław Karpierz. "Teaching Photonics." Photonics Letters of Poland 9, no. 3 (2017): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4302/plp.v9i3.771.

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There is a need to teach modern photonics as a tool for technology of the 21st century. Apart from the studies in Applied Physics, Faculty of Physics at the Warsaw University of Technology (WUT) offers a program in English which leads to the M.Sc. degree in Photonics. The two-year graduate program in the area of Photonics provides students a unique opportunity to become familiar with the applications of light in fields that range from fundamental research to technological applications. The aim of this Master?s Program is to form engineers and scientists with solid basic knowledge in the field of photonics and with the skills to apply this knowledge to the design, realization and the management of photonic systems for a broad range of application domains.
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Yan, Siqi, Jeremy Adcock, and Yunhong Ding. "Graphene on Silicon Photonics: Light Modulation and Detection for Cutting-Edge Communication Technologies." Applied Sciences 12, no. 1 (2021): 313. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12010313.

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Graphene—a two-dimensional allotrope of carbon in a single-layer honeycomb lattice nanostructure—has several distinctive optoelectronic properties that are highly desirable in advanced optical communication systems. Meanwhile, silicon photonics is a promising solution for the next-generation integrated photonics, owing to its low cost, low propagation loss and compatibility with CMOS fabrication processes. Unfortunately, silicon’s photodetection responsivity and operation bandwidth are intrinsically limited by its material characteristics. Graphene, with its extraordinary optoelectronic properties has been widely applied in silicon photonics to break this performance bottleneck, with significant progress reported. In this review, we focus on the application of graphene in high-performance silicon photonic devices, including modulators and photodetectors. Moreover, we explore the trend of development and discuss the future challenges of silicon-graphene hybrid photonic devices.
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Waltrich, Richard, Boaz Lubotzky, Hamza Abudayyeh, et al. "High-purity single photons obtained with moderate-NA optics from SiV center in nanodiamonds on a bullseye antenna." New Journal of Physics 23, no. 11 (2021): 113022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/ac33f3.

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Abstract Coherent exchange of single photons is at the heart of applied quantum optics. The negatively-charged silicon vacancy center in diamond is among most promising sources for coherent single photons. Its large Debye–Waller factor, short lifetime and extraordinary spectral stability is unique in the field of solid-state single photon sources. However, the excitation and detection of individual centers requires high numerical aperture (NA) optics which, combined with the need for cryogenic temperatures, puts technical overhead on experimental realizations. Here, we investigate a hybrid quantum photonics platform based on silicon-vacancy center in nanodiamonds and metallic bullseye antenna to realize a coherent single-photon resource that operates efficiently down to low NA optics with an inherent resistance to misalignment.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Applied Optics and Photonics"

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Phang, Sendy. "Theory and numerical modelling of parity-time symmetric structures for photonics." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2016. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/32596/.

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This thesis presents the study of a relatively new class of photonic structures in-voking Parity-Time (PT)-symmetry. PT-symmetric structures in photonics, as a realisation of PT-symmetric Quantum Mechanics problems, are constructed by a judicious design of refractive index modulation which requires the real part of the refractive index to be an even function and the imaginary part of the refractive index to be an odd function in space. PT-symmetric structures in the form of Bragg gratings, coupled resonators and chain resonators are the main configurations studied in this thesis. These PT-symmetric structures feature a spontaneous symmetry breaking at which interesting wave behaviour such as an asymmetric response depending on the direction of the incident wave, unidirectional invisibility, simultaneous coherent-perfect absorber lasing and localised termination modes are observed; these behaviours are presented in this thesis. Theoretical and numerical studies of these PT-symmetric structures are undertaken which assume realistic material parameters,including material dispersion and material non-linearity. Moreover,in this thesis, potential applications of these PT-symmetric structures are explored. The first part of the thesis considers PT-symmetric Bragg grating structures which are formed by introducing a PT-symmetric refractive index modulation into a Bragg grating structure. If gain/loss dispersion is considered, it is shown that dispersion limits the PT-symmetric operation to just a single frequency. As such spontaneous symmetry breaking can only be achieved by varying the gain/loss parameter. Nevertheless, it is shown that by switching the gain/loss in the system, a switching operation can be achieved by using the PT-Bragg grating at a single frequency. Subsequently,anon-linear PT-Bragg grating is investigated by using a time-domain numerical method, namely the Transmission-Line modelling (TLM) method. For the present work a TLM code is developed from scratch in order to ensure full-flexibility when modelling a dispersive and non-linear material. Using the TLM solver, it is demonstrated that gain/loss saturation is an important material property which should be considered as it may impact the practical applications of a PT-symmetry-based device. In the context of a non-linear PT-Bragg grating (NPTBG), the gain/loss saturation affects the interplay between the PT-symmetric opearation and the Kerr non-linear effect. It is further shown that gain/loss saturation plays a crucial role in securing a stable operation of non-linear PT-based devices. For practical applications, it is demonstrated that a non-linear PT-symmetric Bragg grating offers an additional degree of freedom in their operation,by modulating the gain/loss and the intensity of the input signal,compared to a passive structure which can only be manipulated by the input signal intensity. Two applications based on the interplay of PT-symmetric behaviour and Kerr non-linearity are demonstrated,namely a memory device and a logic-gate device. The second part of the thesis studies PT-symmetric resonator structures as a coupled system and as a periodic chain system. For these studies, a semi-analytical method based on the Boundary Integral Equation (BIE) method is developed and used together with a two-dimensional TLM method. The impact of realistic material parameter on the spectral properties of the structure is again investigated. It is shown that the PT-symmetric behaviour can be observed at a single frequency. Moreover, it is shown that PT-symmetry-like behaviour is observed but with complex eigenfrequencies due to the radiation losses; this is a deviation of the strict definition of a PT-symmetric structure with balanced gain and loss. Lowering lasing threshold by increasing loss in the system is demonstrated; this occurs due to induced early symmetry breaking. The final part of the thesis studies the spectral properties of an infinite and finite chain of PT-symmetric resonators. It is shown that the type of modulation along the PT-chain affects the position of the breaking point of the PT-structure. For a finite PT-chain structure, and for a particular type of refractive index modulation, early PT-symmetry breaking is observed and shown to cause the presence of termination states which are localised at the edge of the finite-chain resulting in localised lasing and dissipative modes at each end of the chain.
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Gardezi, Akber Abid. "Pattern recognition employing spatially variant unconstrained correlation filters." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2013. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/47055/.

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A spatial domain Optimal Trade-off Maximum Average Correlation Height (SPOT-MACH) filter is proposed in this thesis. The proposed technique uses a pre-defined fixed size kernel rather than using estimation techniques. The spatial domain implementation of OT-MACH offers the advantage that it does not have shift invariance imposed on it as the kernel can be modified depending upon its position within the input image. This allows normalization of the kernel and allows inclusion of a space domain non-linearity to improve performance. The proposed SPOT-MACH filter can be used to maximize the height of the correlation peak in the presence of distortions of the training object and provide resistance to background clutter. One of the major characteristics of the SPOT-MACH filter is that it can be tuned to maximize the height and sharpness of the correlation peak by using trade-offs between distortion tolerance, peak sharpness and the ability to suppress clutter noise. A number of non-parametric local regression techniques offer a simplified approach to pattern recognition problems which employ linear filtering using low pass filters designed using moving window local approximations. In most of these cases the algorithms search for a region of interest near the point of estimation for various prevailing conditions which fit the required criteria. These estimates are calculated for a defined window size which is determined as being the largest area within which the estimators do not widely vary from the criteria. The only drawback in this approach is that the window size is directly proportional to the required computational resources and would adversely affect the performance of the system if the moving window size is not proportionate to the resources. The proposed filter employs an optimization technique using low-pass filtering to highlight the potential region of interests in the image and then restricts the movement of the kernel to these regions to allow target identification and to use less computational resources. Also another optimization technique is also proposed which is based on an entropy filter which measures the degree of randomness between two changing scenes and would return the area where change has occurred i.e. the target object might be present. This approach gives a more accurate region of interest than the low-pass filtering approach. Apart from the software based optimization approaches two hardware based enhancement techniques have also been proposed in this thesis. One of the approaches employs Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) to perform correlation process employing the inbuilt multipliers and look up tables and the other one uses Graphical Processing Unit (GPU) to do parallel processing of the input scene. Also in this thesis a detailed analysis of SPOT-MACH has been carried out by comparing with popular feature based techniques like Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) and a comparison matrix has been created. The proposed filter uses a two-staged approach using speed optimizations and then detection of targets from input scenes. Both visible and Forward Looking Infrared (FLIR) imagery data sets have been used to test the performance of filter.
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Bangalore, Manjunathamurthy Nagachetan. "Adaptive object segmentation and tracking." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2012. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/38562/.

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Efficient tracking of deformable objects moving with variable velocities is an important current research problem. In this thesis a robust tracking model is proposed for the automatic detection, recognition and tracking of target objects which are subject to variable orientations and velocities and are viewed under variable ambient lighting conditions. The tracking model can be applied to efficiently track fast moving vehicles and other objects in various complex scenarios. The tracking model is evaluated on both colour visible band and infra-red band video sequences acquired from the air by the Sussex police helicopter and other collaborators. The observations made validate the improved performance of the model over existing methods. The thesis is divided in three major sections. The first section details the development of an enhanced active contour for object segmentation. The second section describes an implementation of a global active contour orientation model. The third section describes the tracking model and assesses it performance on the aerial video sequences. In the first part of the thesis an enhanced active contour snake model using the difference of Gaussian (DoG) filter is reported and discussed in detail. An acquisition method based on the enhanced active contour method developed that can assist the proposed tracking system is tested. The active contour model is further enhanced by the use of a disambiguation framework designed to assist multiple object segmentation which is used to demonstrate that the enhanced active contour model can be used for robust multiple object segmentation and tracking. The active contour model developed not only facilitates the efficient update of the tracking filter but also decreases the latency involved in tracking targets in real-time. As far as computational effort is concerned, the active contour model presented improves the computational cost by 85% compared to existing active contour models. The second part of the thesis introduces the global active contour orientation (GACO) technique for statistical measurement of contoured object orientation. It is an overall object orientation measurement method which uses the proposed active contour model along with statistical measurement techniques. The use of the GACO technique, incorporating the active contour model, to measure object orientation angle is discussed in detail. A real-time door surveillance application based on the GACO technique is developed and evaluated on the i-LIDS door surveillance dataset provided by the UK Home Office. The performance results demonstrate the use of GACO to evaluate the door surveillance dataset gives a success rate of 92%. Finally, a combined approach involving the proposed active contour model and an optimal trade-off maximum average correlation height (OT-MACH) filter for tracking is presented. The implementation of methods for controlling the area of support of the OT-MACH filter is discussed in detail. The proposed active contour method as the area of support for the OT-MACH filter is shown to significantly improve the performance of the OT-MACH filter's ability to track vehicles moving within highly cluttered visible and infra-red band video sequences.
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Di, Lauro Luigi. "Control of dynamical regimes in optical microresonators exploiting parametric interaction." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2019. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/81570/.

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Microresonators have the ability of strongly enhancing the propagating optical field, enabling nonlinear phenomena, such as bi-stability, self-pulsing and chaotic regimes, at very low powers. It is fundamental to comprehend the mechanisms that generate such dynamics, which are crucial for micro-cavities-based applications in communications, sensing and metrology. The aim of this work is to develop a scheme for the control of nonlinear regimes in microresonators, assuming the interplay between the ultra-fast Kerr effect and a slow intensity-dependent nonlinearity, such as thermo-optical effect. The framework of the coupled-mode theory is applied to model the system, while the bifurcation theory is used to investigate a configuration in which the power and frequency of a weak signal can control the behaviour of a strong pump. In this regards, this study demonstrates that the effect of a parametric interaction, specifically the four-wave mixing, plays a fundamental role in influencing the nature of the stationary states observed in a micro-cavity. The results show possible new strategies for enhanced, low-power, all-optical control of sensors, oscillators and chaos-controlled devices. Moreover, the outcomes provide new understanding of the effect of coherent wave mixing in the thermal stability regions of optical micro-cavities, including optical micro-combs.
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Yin, Tengfei. "Advanced ultrawideband imaging algorithms for breast cancer detection." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2015. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/57367/.

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Ultrawideband (UWB) technology has received considerable attention in recent years as it is regarded to be able to revolutionise a wide range of applications. UWB imaging for breast cancer detection is particularly promising due to its appealing capabilities and advantages over existing techniques, which can serve as an early-stage screening tool, thereby saving millions of lives. Although a lot of progress has been made, several challenges still need to be overcome before it can be applied in practice. These challenges include accurate signal propagation modelling and breast phantom construction, artefact resistant imaging algorithms in realistic breast models, and low-complexity implementations. Under this context, novel solutions are proposed in this thesis to address these key bottlenecks. The thesis first proposes a versatile electromagnetic computational engine (VECE) for simulating the interaction between UWB signals and breast tissues. VECE provides the first implementation of its kind combining auxiliary differential equations (ADE) and convolutional perfectly matched layer (CPML) for describing Debye dispersive medium, and truncating computational domain, respectively. High accuracy and improved computational and memory storage efficiency are offered by VECE, which are validated via extensive analysis and simulations. VECE integrates the state-of-the-art realistic breast phantoms, enabling the modelling of signal propagation and evaluation of imaging algorithms. To mitigate the severe interference of artefacts in UWB breast cancer imaging, a robust and artefact resistant (RAR) algorithm based on neighbourhood pairwise correlation is proposed. RAR is fully investigated and evaluated in a variety of scenarios, and compared with four well-known algorithms. It has been shown to achieve improved tumour detection and robust artefact resistance over its counterparts in most cases, while maintaining high computational efficiency. Simulated tumours in both homogeneous and heterogeneous breast phantoms with mild to moderate densities, combined with an entropy-based artefact removal algorithm, are successfully identified and localised. To further improve the performance of algorithms, diverse and dynamic correlation weighting factors are investigated. Two new algorithms, local coherence exploration (LCE) and dynamic neighbourhood pairwise correlation (DNPC), are presented, which offer improved clutter suppression and image resolution. Moreover, a multiple spatial diversity (MSD) algorithm, which explores and exploits the richness of signals among different transmitter and receiver pairs, is proposed. It is shown to achieve enhanced tumour detection even in severely dense breasts. Finally, two accelerated image reconstruction mechanisms referred to as redundancy elimination (RE) and annulus predication (AP) are proposed. RE removes a huge number of repetitive operations, whereas AP employs a novel annulus prediction to calculate millions of time delays in a highly efficient batch mode. Their efficacy is demonstrated by extensive analysis and simulations. Compared with the non-accelerated method, RE increases the computation speed by two-fold without any performance loss, whereas AP can be 45 times faster with negligible performance degradation.
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Lu, Min. "Performance of continuously pumped, passively Q-switched, solid state lasers." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2011. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/6953/.

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This thesis studies the relationship between the pairs of resonator output coupling and intra-cavity absorber initial transmission, and the FWHM (full width at half maximum) pulse duration of a continuously pumped passively Q-switched solidstate laser, when the output energy is pre-determined. Depending on the magnitude of the pumping power, three different rate equation models are used to evaluate the required output coupler reflectivity and absorber initial-transmission pair for the corresponding FWHM pulse duration. The energy transfer kinetics of the passively Q-switched laser decides the required pumping power; and the pair of output coupler reflectivity absorber transmission pair, determine the build-up time of Q-switching and the repetition rate of the laser system. Hence, the forms of the models are controlled by two conditions: 1) the build-up time of Q-switching; and 2) the recovery time of the absorber. When the build-up time of Q-switching is relatively short, but the recovery time of the absorber is long, Model I is based on the simplified laser rate equations. It is used to evaluate the output coupler reflectivity and absorber initialtransmission pair, which satisfies the pre-determined output energy and FWHM pulse duration. Model II is set up to study the case when both the build-up time of Q-switching and the recovery time of the absorber are long. In Model II, the laser rate equations are solved using the Runge-Kutta method. Model III simulates the case when the recovery time of the absorber is short. To validate the models, the simulation results of practical passively Q-switched laser systems are compared with experimental results reported in the literature. The agreement of the simulation results with reported experimental results demonstrates the importance of the boundary conditions for the different cases, and verifies the soundness of the models. Generalizing the simulation results, obtained from different passively Q-switched laser systems with different pumping power and different pre-determined output energy, yields general conclusions which permit a designer to select the correct parameters for a desired laser performance.
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Dertli, Elcin. "Synthesis Of Gold Nanowires With High Aspect Ratio And Morphological Purity." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614710/index.pdf.

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Metal nanoparticles have unique optical, electrical, catalytic and mechanical properties, which lead them to various applications in nanotechnology. In particular, noble metal nanowires are attracting growing attention due to their potential applications such as in opto-electronic devices and transparent conductive contacts (TCCs). There are two general approaches to synthesize nanowires: template-assisted and solution phase methods. However, these synthesis approaches have various disadvantages. For example, removal of the template to ensure the purity of the synthesized nanowires is the major problem. In solution methods like the widely used &ldquo<br>seed mediated growth method&rdquo<br>, nanowires are synthesized in low yield with the significant amount of by-products and requirement of purification is a major problem for further applications. Among all solution based methods, hydrothermal process is a very promising way of preparing gold (Au) nanowires in high yield and structural purity. In this thesis, hydrothermal process was modified to synthesize high aspect ratio Au nanowires with high morphological purity. Parametric study was performed to examine the effect of surfactant concentration, reaction time and temperature on the quality of products. The optimum conditions were determined for two different surfactant molecules (hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Na2-EDTA)). Characterization of the products was done by detailed analysis via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and X-Ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The analyses demonstrated that the Au nanowires synthesized at optimum conditions have high aspect ratio (diameters 50-110 nm range and lengths in micrometer range) and high structural purity.
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Uhlig, Steffen. "ORMOCER Materials Characterization, LAP- & Micro-Processing : Applied to Optical Interconnects and High-Frequency Packaging." Doctoral thesis, Norrköping : Department of Science and Tehcnology, Linköping University, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-6380.

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Leung, Calvin. "Quantum Foundations with Astronomical Photons." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/hmc_theses/98.

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Theoretical work in quantum information has demonstrated that a classical hidden-variable model of an entangled singlet state can explain nonclassical correlations observed in tests of Bell’s inequality if while measuring the Bell correlation, the underlying probability distribution of the hidden-variable changes depending on the measurement basis. To rule out this possibility, distant quasars can be utilized as random number generators to set measurement bases in an experimental test of Bell’s inequality. Here we report on the design and characterization of a device that uses the color of incoming quasar photons to output a random bit with nanosecond latency. Through the 1-meter telescope at JPL Table Mountain Observatory, we observe and generate random bits from quasars with redshifts z = 0.1−3.9. In addition, we formulate a mathematical model that quantifies the fidelity of the bits generated.
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Oser, Dorian. "Integrated silicon photonics for quantum optics." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS455.

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La photonique silicium est un domaine prolifique de l’optique intégrée. Elle permet de miniaturiser de nombreuses fonctionnalités optiques, l’émission laser (en considérant les stratégies d’intégration hybride), la modulation électro-optique, le routage, la détection, pour les télécoms, les LIDAR ou la spectroscopie, la métrologie, les capteurs et laboratoires sur puce, toute en produisant à grande échelle avec une grande précision et à bas coût (grâce au technologies CMOS de la microélectronique). L’optique quantique, quant à elle, souffre d’une grande sensibilité aux vibrations et à l’environnement. Les montages optiques nécessitent stabilité, alignement parfait et un grand nombre d’éléments optiques, ce qui limite son développement à grande échelle. Inversement, tous ces aspects sont naturels en photonique intégrée. Le développement de la photonique quantique est ainsi susceptible de permettre l’implémentation à large échelle de systèmes de clés de cryptage pour les télécoms et le calcul quantique. Les prérequis de la photonique quantique sont globalement plus sévères que ceux de la photonique classique. La génération d’états quantiques nécessite notamment un niveau de réjection de la pompe de plus de 100 dB ; le niveau de bruit photonique ambiant sur la puce est également un facteur à soigner particulièrement dans la mesure où les paires de photons générées par les processus quantiques sont par principe de très faible puissance. Dans ce contexte, cette thèse aborde le développement de composants et de circuits pour la photonique quantique silicium. Le but est de générer des états intriqués en énergie-temps et de pouvoir les manipuler sur une puce. Cela va de la conception à l’utilisation des paires de photons, en passant par la fabrication des circuits intégrés optiques. La qualification des propriétés quantiques est aussi explorée afin de cerner les limitations de la plateforme silicium pour le domaine applicatif visé. L’esprit de ce travail est également de proposer des solutions restantes compatibles avec les canaux de télécommunications standard (ITU), de n’utiliser que des composants fibrés standards pour les connexions à réaliser, tout en restant compatibles avec les techniques de fabrication industrielle des grandes fonderies microélectroniques afin de permettre une future production à grand échelle des circuits photoniques quantiques<br>Silicon photonics is a dynamic research field of integrated optics. It allows to miniaturize numerous optical functionalities such as lasers, electro-optical modulators, routers, detectors, for telecom wavelengths, LIDAR, sensor, metrology or even spectroscopy, all while been able to propose large scale production high precision technologies. On another side, quantum optics suffers from difficulties to scale optical systems, requires extreme stability, perfect alignment, and many bulky optical elements, while solving these issues follows a natural path in integrated photonics. Development of integrated quantum photonics can thus open the door to cheap, powerful, and scalable systems for quantum cryptography, telecoms, and computation. In a significant way, quantum requirements are not the ones of classical circuits with respect to photonic components and circuits. The generation of quantum states indeed requires more than 100dB of pump laser rejection, while being able to manage ultra-low useful optical signals and get rid of on-chip optical noise. In this context, this thesis is dedicated to the study, dimension, realization, and characterization of silicon photonic components and circuits for quantum optics on a chip. The target goal is to generate entangled states in energy-time and manipulate them on chip. The qualification of the quantum properties is also explored to better understand the limitations of the silicon platform in the followed objectives. Another choice of this work is to stay in telecoms wavelength and aligned with the standard channels (ITU grid), to only use off-the-shelf components, all while been CMOS compatible and compliant with standard fabrication process, this to allow the possibility to produce on large scale
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Books on the topic "Applied Optics and Photonics"

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Pollock, C. R. Integrated photonics. Kluwer Academic, 2004.

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Michal, Lipson, ed. Integrated photonics. Kluwer Academic, 2003.

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Lay-Ekuakille, Aimé. Optical Waveguiding and Applied Photonics. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5959-0.

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Darwin, Palima, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Generalized phase contrast: Applications in optics and photonics. Springer, 2009.

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Y, Guo, ed. Nonlinear photonics: Nonlinearities in optics, optoelectronics, and fiber communications. Chinese University Press, 2002.

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Carl, Teich Malvin, ed. Fundamentals of photonics. 2nd ed. Wiley Interscience, 2007.

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Engineering optics. 2nd ed. Springer-Verlag, 1987.

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Engineering optics. 3rd ed. Springer, 2008.

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1952-, Andrews David L., and Gaburro Zeno, eds. Frontiers in surface nanophotonics: Principles and applications. Springer, 2007.

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D, Jäger, European Physical Society, European Federation for Applied Optics., Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers., Association nationale de la recherche technique., and European Congress on Optics (3rd : 1990 : Hague, Netherlands), eds. High-speed phenomena in photonic materials and optical bistability: 12-14 March 1990, the Hague, the Netherlands : proceedings, ECO3, the congress of EPS--European Physical Society, EUROPTICA--the European Federation for Applied Optics, SPIE--the International Society for Optical Engineering. SPIE, 1990.

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Book chapters on the topic "Applied Optics and Photonics"

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Lay-Ekuakille, Aimé. "Optical and Micro-/Nanosensing." In Optical Waveguiding and Applied Photonics. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5959-0_3.

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Lay-Ekuakille, Aimé. "Introduction." In Optical Waveguiding and Applied Photonics. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5959-0_1.

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Lay-Ekuakille, Aimé. "Optical Theory and Introduction to Optoelectronics." In Optical Waveguiding and Applied Photonics. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5959-0_2.

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Lay-Ekuakille, Aimé. "Small Antennas, Wireless System and Small Sensors." In Optical Waveguiding and Applied Photonics. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5959-0_4.

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Lay-Ekuakille, Aimé. "Materials and Innovative Systems Oriented to the Implementation of Research Platforms Involving Devices and Electronic Systems." In Optical Waveguiding and Applied Photonics. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5959-0_5.

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Lay-Ekuakille, Aimé. "Instrumentation for Measurement Procedures." In Optical Waveguiding and Applied Photonics. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5959-0_6.

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Lay-Ekuakille, Aimé. "Electronic Measurements and Signal Processing." In Optical Waveguiding and Applied Photonics. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5959-0_7.

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Lay-Ekuakille, Aimé. "Noise." In Optical Waveguiding and Applied Photonics. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5959-0_8.

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Reider, Georg A. "Nonlinear Optics and Acousto-Optics." In Photonics. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26076-1_8.

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Degiorgio, Vittorio, and Ilaria Cristiani. "Electromagnetic Optics." In Photonics. Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20627-1_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Applied Optics and Photonics"

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Miñano, Juan C., Pablo Benítez, Bill Parkyn, et al. "Geodesic lenses applied to nonimaging optics." In SPIE Optics + Photonics, edited by Roland Winston and Pablo Benítez. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.682128.

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Auli-Llinas, Francesc, Jose Lino Monteagudo-Pereira, Joan Bartrina-Rapesta, Joan Ramon Paton-Martin, and Joan Serra-Sagrista. "Novel JPEG2000 implementation applied to GIS scenarios." In Optics & Photonics 2005, edited by Mark S. Schmalz. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.616926.

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Mazurowski, John. "SAE Fiber Optics and Applied Photonics." In 2018 IEEE Avionics and Vehicle Fiber-Optics and Photonics Conference (AVFOP). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/avfop.2018.8550475.

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Kissil, Andrew, Eug Kwack, Timothy Ho, Philip Dumont, Sandra Irish, and Ichung Weng. "Integrated modeling applied to the Terrestrial Planet Finder mission." In Optics & Photonics 2005, edited by Mark A. Kahan. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.615546.

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Sheu, Gwo-Jiun, Farn-Shiun Hwu, Shen-Hang Tu, Wen-Tung Chen, Jenq-Yang Chang, and Jyh-Chen Chen. "The heat dissipation performance of LED applied a MHP." In Optics & Photonics 2005, edited by Ian T. Ferguson, John C. Carrano, Tsunemasa Taguchi, and Ian E. Ashdown. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.616355.

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Kvamme, E. T., James C. Earthman, Douglas B. Leviton, and Bradley J. Frey. "Lithium fluoride material properties as applied on the NIRCam instrument." In Optics & Photonics 2005, edited by James B. Heaney and Lawrence G. Burriesci. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.614180.

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Vives, S., P. Lamy, F. Auchere, et al. "Formation flyers applied to solar coronal observations: the ASPICS mission." In Optics & Photonics 2005, edited by Silvano Fineschi and Rodney A. Viereck. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.615909.

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Grycewicz, Thomas J., Brian E. Evans, and Cheryl S. Lau. "Joint transform optical correlation applied to sub-pixel image registration." In Optics & Photonics 2005, edited by Bahram Javidi and Demetri Psaltis. SPIE, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.620809.

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Mira-Agudelo, Alejandro. "Diffractive Optics Applied to Vision." In Latin America Optics and Photonics Conference. OSA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/laop.2018.w4c.1.

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Testorf, Markus E., and Marc Saillard. "The Wigner distribution function applied to the detection of subsurface objects." In SPIE Optics + Photonics, edited by Philip J. Bones, Michael A. Fiddy, and Rick P. Millane. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.678486.

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Reports on the topic "Applied Optics and Photonics"

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Prasad, Paras N. Photonics and Nonlinear Optics With Molecular and Polymeric Materials. Defense Technical Information Center, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada371534.

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Scully, Marlan O. Fundamental and Applied Quantum Optics. Defense Technical Information Center, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada409783.

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Fantone, Stephen D. OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics Series, Volume 14 Spatial Light Modulators. Defense Technical Information Center, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada346520.

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Kleppner, Daniel. Basic and Applied Research in Electronics and Optics. Defense Technical Information Center, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada413676.

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Nuss, Martin, and John Bowers. OSA Trends in Optics and Photonics Series. Volume 13: Ultrafast Electronics and Optoelectronics. Defense Technical Information Center, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada346475.

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Letcher, Theodore, Julie Parno, Zoe Courville, Lauren Farnsworth, and Jason Olivier. A generalized photon-tracking approach to simulate spectral snow albedo and transmittance using X-ray microtomography and geometric optics. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47122.

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A majority of snow radiative transfer models (RTMs) treat snow as a collection of idealized grains rather than an organized ice–air matrix. Here we present a generalized multi-layer photon-tracking RTM that simulates light reflectance and transmittance of snow based on X-ray micro- tomography images, treating snow as a coherent 3D structure rather than a collection of grains. The model uses a blended approach to expand ray-tracing techniques applied to sub-1 cm3 snow samples to snowpacks of arbitrary depths. While this framework has many potential applications, this study’s effort is focused on simulating reflectance and transmittance in the visible and near infrared (NIR) through thin snow- packs as this is relevant for surface energy balance and remote sensing applications. We demonstrate that this framework fits well within the context of previous work and capably reproduces many known optical properties of a snow surface, including the dependence of spectral reflectance on the snow specific surface area and incident zenith angle as well as the surface bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF). To evaluate the model, we compare it against reflectance data collected with a spectroradiometer at a field site in east-central Vermont. In this experiment, painted panels were inserted at various depths beneath the snow to emulate thin snow. The model compares remarkably well against the reflectance measured with a spectroradiometer, with an average RMSE of 0.03 in the 400–1600 nm range. Sensitivity simulations using this model indicate that snow transmittance is greatest in the visible wavelengths, limiting light penetration to the top 6 cm of the snowpack for fine-grain snow but increasing to 12 cm for coarse-grain snow. These results suggest that the 5% transmission depth in snow can vary by over 6 cm according to the snow type.
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CIE 245:2021 Optical Safety of Infrared Eye Trackers Applied for Extended Durations. International Commission on Illumination (CIE), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25039/tr.245.2021.

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Infrared eye trackers are employed to achieve communication through gaze interaction, which is an important application of modern electro-optics and computer technology to the benefit of persons with disabilities who have major motor impairments, as well as for general use as a human-to-computer interaction device. By tracking eye movements of persons with severe motor disabilities, the individuals can interact with automated equipment through movements of their gaze. In addition to purely passive systems, which may only employ ambient lighting, more typical eye trackers employ active infrared eye-tracking techniques. However, questions have arisen with regard to the potential optical radiation hazards of using infrared eye trackers for the much-extended durations of 10 to 12 hours each day for a lifetime. Conventional eye trackers employed in the research setting would rarely be used for more than an hour. Several exposure guidelines exist today, but the question has arisen whether the chronic nature of exposure for such an infrared illuminator for assistive devices falls outside the assumed conditions of daily exposure. This technical report explores the basis of the current human exposure guidelines, their scientific basis and underlying assumptions in order to determine the direct applicability of these guidelines to this application. It is found that the most limiting exposure criterion is the infrared exposure limit to protect against delayed changes in the crystalline lens of the eye. The Technical Committee also examined some representative eye trackers and found that the day-long average exposure in these typical examples of current technology did not exceed that criterion.
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