Relevant bibliographies by topics / Appraisal process

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Appraisal process'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 18 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Appraisal process"

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Khurshid, Anwar, Abdul Karim Khan, and Sara Alvi. "Performance Appraisal Challenge at Pakistan Civil Aviation Authority (CAA)." Asian Journal of Management Cases 14, no. 2 (September 2017): 198–225. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972820117712304.

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The case discusses the multitude of challenges that CAA faces with respect to its performance appraisal system. Sumair Saeed, Chief Human Resource CAA, feels that problems lie in the implementation of the current appraisal system. Firstly, the system of targets and objectives between and the appraiser and the appraisee at the start of the year is not being followed. This leads employees to feel unfairly treated because no criteria for performance appraisal for their evaluation have been agreed upon. Secondly, Sumair feels there is no buy-in for the performance appraisal system since supervisors regard appraisal as extra workload and an uneasy time of the year. Supervisors consider it to be a confrontational rather than developmental/feedback exercise with the subordinate. Moreover, supervisors lack training in providing feedback on appraisals. It is felt that the culture of the organisation develops hostility and distrust when the appraisals are being conducted. The appraisal system doesn’t differentiate between performers or non-performers; thus decisions on promotions or career progressions can’t be based on appraisals. The problem of demotivation among employees is also a result of an ineffective performance appraisal system, as no differentiation exists between star performers and non-performers. Sumair is now contemplating the changes in the design or the implementation of the performance appraisal system which are required to rectify the process of performance appraisal at CAA.
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Galeone, Carlotta, Paolo Bruzzi, and Claudio Jommi. "Key drivers of innovativeness appraisal for medicines: the Italian experience after the adoption of the new ranking system." BMJ Open 11, no. 1 (January 2021): e041259. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-041259.

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ObjectiveIn 2017, the Italian Medicines Agency (Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco, AIFA) introduced a standardised process to appraise innovativeness of medicines. Innovative medicines are provided speeder market access and dedicated funds. Innovativeness criteria are: unmet therapeutic need, added therapeutic value and quality of the evidence (Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation method). We investigated the role played by these three criteria on the final decision aimed to understand how the new Italian innovativeness appraisal framework was implemented.DesignA desk research gathered AIFA’s appraisal reports on innovativeness and data analyses were conducted. No patients were directly involved in this study.Setting and participantsWe scrutinised all 77 appraisal reports available on AIFA’s website (2017–2020).Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe impact of the three domains on final decision was investigated through a series of univariate analyses.ResultsAmong 77 appraisal reports on innovativeness available, 49 (64%) and 28 (36%) were for oncology and non-oncology medicines, respectively. The appraisals were equally distributed among ‘fully innovative’ (36%), ‘conditionally innovative’ (30%) and ‘not innovative’ (34%). Added therapeutic value was the most important driver on innovativeness decision, followed by quality of the evidence. Drugs for rare diseases and with paediatric/mixed indications were appraised ‘innovative’ by a larger proportion, but no statistical significance was found.ConclusionsDespite some limitations, including the moderate number of appraisals, this paper provides an insight into the determinants of innovativeness appraisals for medicines in Italy and the accuracy of the appraisal process. This has important implications in terms of transparency and accountability in the prioritisation process applied to innovative medicines.
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Gerich, Joachim, and Christoph Weber. "The Ambivalent Appraisal of Job Demands and the Moderating Role of Job Control and Social Support for Burnout and Job Satisfaction." Social Indicators Research 148, no. 1 (October 11, 2019): 251–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11205-019-02195-9.

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Abstract Within an extended challenge–hindrance framework, it is assumed that job demands are subjectively appraised both as challenges (that is, as working conditions that are associated with potential personal gains) and hindrances (as working conditions associated with constrains) at the same time. In accordance with transactional stress theory, the association between demand intensity and work-related attitudes (work satisfaction) and psychological strain (burnout) is expected to be mediated by individual appraisal. Moreover, because curvilinear relationships between demand and challenge and hindrance appraisals are assumed, and appraisal is expected to be moderated by job control and social support, we tested complex nonlinear moderated mediation models for four types of job demands (task difficulty, time pressure, interruptions, and responsibility). Based on cross-sectional data of a heterogeneous sample of employees, we confirmed simultaneous challenge and hindrance appraisals. Challenge components are positively associated and hindrance components are negatively associated with favorable outcomes (higher work satisfaction and lower burnout). Challenge appraisals are found to be more relevant for work satisfaction, while hindrance appraisals are more relevant for burnout. The relationship between demand intensity and challenge appraisal is confirmed as curvilinear, whereas hindrance appraisals are approximately linearly related to demand intensity. The relationship between demand intensity and outcome variables is partly mediated by challenge and hindrance appraisal, and significant interaction effects suggest that the appraisal process is moderated by job control and social support.
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Javad, Shahina, and Sumod S.D. "It’s time to bring performance appraisal into the twenty-first century." Human Resource Management International Digest 23, no. 7 (October 12, 2015): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hrmid-07-2015-0127.

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Purpose – Examines the weaknesses of many current performance appraisals and shows how to improve them. Design/methodology/approach – Draws on examples from companies such as Cisco, Google and Infosys. Findings – Shows that there are two main sets of reasons for the failure of performance management – system related and people related. System-related problems crop up while defining the performance goals or designing the appraisal system. People-related problems usually arise while discussing the results of appraisals. Practical implications – Investigates the importance of the three key elements of performance appraisal – the appraiser, the appraisal period and the rating method. Social implications – Shows how important performance appraisal can be in the modern business world where skilled and talented workers are at a premium. Originality/value – Argues that present-day organizations need to develop an ongoing process to manage employee performance, make sure the right things are being measured, and that the feedback is carried out as constructively as possible.
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Groeschl, Stefan, and Liz Doherty. "The Appraisal Process." Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality & Tourism 1, no. 3 (June 2002): 57–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j171v01n03_05.

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Timm, Donna F., Daniel E. Banks, and Jerry McLarty. "Critical Appraisal Process." Southern Medical Journal 105, no. 3 (March 2012): 144–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/smj.0b013e31824a711f.

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Larsson, Gerry, Christina Kempe, and Bengt Starrin. "Appraisal and coping processes in acute time‐limited stressful situations: A study of police officers." European Journal of Personality 2, no. 4 (December 1988): 259–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/per.2410020404.

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This study focuses on the appraisal and coping process in acute, time‐limited stressful situations in a stress experienced group: 54 Swedish police officers. Each police officer retrospectively reported their thoughts, emotions, and actions during five recent stressful job events. The relations among appraisals of threat and of coping options, seven forms of problem‐ and emotion‐focused coping strategies, and selfrated performance were examined. Compared with previous studies of ordinary people in stressful situations, the police officers felt less threatened, appraised the situations as more solvable, and used considerably more problem‐focused forms of coping. Age had a significant effect on appraisal, while organizational position had a significant effect on coping. Using latent profile analysis, four appraisal styles were obtained. Consistency of cross‐situational appraisal style amongst individuals was high. The functional relationships among variables, i.e. appraisal, coping, and performance, are discussed.
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Ballantine, Joan, and Stephanie Stray. "Financial Appraisal and the IS/IT Investment Decision Making Process." Journal of Information Technology 13, no. 1 (March 1998): 3–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026839629801300101.

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This paper explores the techniques used by organizations to appraise Information Systems (IS)/Information Technology (IT) investments, and concentrates, in particular, on techniques of capital investment appraisal. We draw on relevant studies reported in both the accounting and finance, and the IS literature, which have addressed their usage. Where possible comparisons are drawn between both sets of literatures. The results of a survey that specifically examined IS/IT investment appraisal practices of a sample of UK companies is also presented. Among the issues discussed include the extent to which capital investment appraisal techniques are used to appraisal investments, the importance of the techniques used and the problems attendant on the decision making process.
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Cocciolo, Anthony. "Email as cultural heritage resource: appraisal solutions from an art museum context." Records Management Journal 26, no. 1 (March 21, 2016): 68–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rmj-04-2015-0014.

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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to evaluate strategies to appraise email correspondence to select significant email for permanent preservation without capturing trivial or personal emails. The strategies were tested on the actual email accounts of selected individuals occupying important roles within an important cultural institution in the Northeastern USA. Design/methodology/approach – Treating this art museum as a case study site, email messages are manually appraised for retention using a rubric. Following the appraisal, strategies for expediting this appraisal process, using what is learned from the manual appraisal process, are explored. Findings – A major finding of this study is that sent mail is almost always significant, although preserving only sent mail, or preserving sent mail in combination with inbox items that have been acted upon (replied to or forwarded), are not sufficient to capture significant correspondence. Rather, a social network approach holds the most promise to accelerate the process of email appraisal. Originality/value – This study provides empirically grounded strategies for appraising email for permanent retention.
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Hergovich, Andreas, Ulrike Sirsch, and Martin Felinger. "SELF-APPRAISALS, ACTUAL APPRAISALS AND REFLECTED APPRAISALS OF PREADOLESCENT CHILDREN." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 30, no. 6 (January 1, 2002): 603–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2002.30.6.603.

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The relationship between children's self-perceptions, children's perceptions of others' appraisal (i.e., reflected appraisals) and others' actual appraisals reported by mothers, fathers and teachers were examined. The Self-Description Questionnaire 1 (Marsh, 1988) was presented to 428 children. Parents and teachers were given an adapted form. Additionally, children were asked for reflected appraisals of their mothers, fathers and teachers according to the scales of the SDQ1. Results suggest that the reflected appraisal process is in fact more complicated than originally assumed by the theorist of symbolic interactionism. Thus, besides direct effects from actual appraisal on reflected appraisal and reflected appraisal on selfappraisal, there are also indications of an effect by actual appraisals on self- and reflected appraisals, especially for academic self-concept. Furthermore, results indicate that different significant others have a different impact on the self-perceptions of preadolescent children.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Appraisal process"

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Phan, Nam. "Faculty perceptions of the performance appraisal process." Thesis, California State University, Fullerton, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3581783.

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In recent decades, there has been increasing pressure for teacher accountability and interest in teacher evaluation throughout the world. While much research has been conducted on significant factors contributing to high student achievement, including the examination of the positive correlation between the faculty evaluation process and student success, there is a lack of research in the Vietnamese culture on faculty perceptions of the meaning and influences of faculty performance evaluation. This study addressed faculty perceptions of a particular evaluation process and their perceptions of its impact on their teaching performance. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore full-time faculty members' perceptions of the evaluation or performance appraisal (PA) process currently implemented in a private university in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The study utilized data obtained from individual, semi-structured interviews with12 full-time faculty participants. After data analysis, the following salient findings were identified. First, faculty found a PA process that emphasized both competency and highlighted professional growth beneficial and motivating in measuring their performance and enhancing their teaching quality. Second, significant factors contributing to faculty positive perceptions of the PA process and to faculty instructional improvement included the clarity of the PA purpose, faculty involvement in the PA design and development, and the critical role of the evaluator and his/her constructive feedback in the PA process. Finally, faculty strongly recommended that additional types of evaluation, especially student feedback, be incorporated into the PA process and more opportunities be made available for professional development. As a result of these findings, this study could serve as a catalyst for policymakers and school leaders in improving the existing evaluation processes and in increasing their insight into how instructors perceive these policies and what factors contribute to their perceptions. In addition, the findings could stimulate further research on appraisal policy reform. Identifying key factors that instructors believe are critical in an effective evaluations process could assist the leadership in finding tools to make process meet instructors' expectations.

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Perdicoulis, Anastassios. "Appraisal of local authority development plans." Thesis, University of Salford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360434.

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Serido, Joyce. "Appraisal and interpersonal stressors: Untangling the stress process." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280448.

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To understand variations in the stress response, two separate research traditions have developed: one that focuses on appraisal and the other on stressors. Research on stressors informs our understanding of the social conditions that expose individuals to potentially stressful situations, whereas research on appraisal informs our understanding of why different people respond to stressors in different ways. The present study seeks to integrate findings from these two research traditions and extend our understanding of the stress process by investigating the possibility those variations in sources of stress trigger different appraisals. In addition, this study also attempts to untangle the separate effects of appraisal and stressor by examining each construct at a more granular level than has previously been undertaken. Finally, this study examines the relationships between stressors and appraisal to understand how they may, in combination, influence distress. The data for these analyses are merged from the National Survey of Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS) and the National Study of Daily Experiences (NSDE). The MIDUS participants are a representative sample of 3032 adults aged 25 to 74 obtained through a random-digit dialing process. The NSDE participants are a subsample of 1031 participants from the MIDUS. The participants for the present study are the 534 men and women who participated in the NSDE who experienced at least one interpersonal tension during the 8-day telephone diary. Results from multilevel modeling analyses indicated that there was more within-person variability in appraisal of interpersonal tensions than between-person variability. Findings from this study also provide empirical support that stressors and appraisal are separate constructs with independent effects on distress. Further, there are multiple pathways through which dimensions of appraisal and attributes of the stressor in combination influence distress.
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Mohammed, Moftah. "The capital investment appraisal process : the case of Libya." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2013. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/863c06e2-6491-4065-b472-ba05041c49f2.

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This thesis aims to explore and investigate the state of current investment appraisal practices within Libyan firms. In particular, the thesis attempts to answer four research questions: (1) How do Libyan firms appraise capital investments? (2) Do Libyan firms incorporate risk into their capital investment appraisal processes? (3) Do Libyan firms face capital rationing and, if so, is it externally or internally imposed? and (4) Does the availability of Islamic Finance affect Libyan firms' view of the capital investment appraisal process? This study is based on a qualitative empirical approach, with a subjectivist orientation but a main concern with the sociology of regulation; the interpretive paradigm is employed in this thesis. Rather than simply providing a simple description of the phenomena under investigation, the aim of this thesis is to interpret and understand the issues surrounding the problem being considered. Thus, this study seeks to establish a better understanding about the nature of the capital investment appraisal process in Libyan corporations, and how it differs across Libyan economic sectors. In order to provide evidence and contribute to our knowledge about this topic, two research methods, both compatible with the interpretive paradigm and consistent with the methodology and the researcher’s beliefs about the topic under investigation, are employed. The research methods used are: (i) a semi-structured interviews; then (ii) a questionnaire survey based upon the literature review and on the key results from (i). For the former, 20 interviews were conducted, involving two groups: firm-based interviewees (‘insiders’ working in firms) in five economic sectors with different size and ownership structures and ‘outsider’ interviewees (bankers, academics and chartered accountants). In the second phase, 45 questionnaires were collected from firms which operate in five economic sectors, again with various size and ownership patterns. The main findings indicate that non-financial criteria (e.g. political priorities, State development plan and personal experience) play a more important role than financial factors. While Libyan companies use multiple techniques to appraise capital investments, usage of discounted cash flow techniques (DCF), although increasing is not yet as high as in developed nations, with payback remaining the most popular. The evidence shows that the source of the funding (followed by project size and nature of the project, respectively) also plays a role in choosing the appraisal techniques. Typically, the process of capital investment appraisal in Libya appears to have five stages (determination of budget, research and development, evaluation, authorisation, and monitoring and controlling). Libyan firms consider the first of these as the most important stage. The majority of the respondents employ a post-audit phase of two years or less; about half the sampled firms conduct the post-audit by comparing the actual performance with the feasibility study on which the project was based. The companies consider real options when looking at flexibility, but they have no effect on the choice of the appraisal techniques or the process generally. Similarly, there are no changes in the techniques or the process when advanced manufacturing technology investments are considered. Regarding risk evaluation, this is mostly subjective although scenario analysis and sensitivity analysis are employed to some extent. Around 50% of the firms calculate the cost of capital, but most of these firms do so subjectively (e.g. via interest rate observations), while the rest use CAPM to calculate the cost of capital. Fewer than one in ten of the firms that calculate the cost of capital employ project-specific rates. The majority of the companies noted their experience of capital rationing, mostly of the external variety (primarily reflecting State actions). The majority of the firms claimed to be considering the Libyan Stock Market as source of funding, but not in the near future, essentially because of a lack of knowledge among Libyan companies about its functioning. The findings suggest that use of Islamic finance is not yet common among Libyan firms. However, two thirds of the firms suggested that they would use Islamic financial products to finance their future projects for several reasons; mainly religion, to avoid paying interest or demurrage, plus risk sharing though the use of Islamic financial products such as Musharakah. Those firms, which did not view Islamic finance positively, mentioned the incompatibility of the current products with Islamic Shariah law, suggesting that in reality they are just traditional financial products with Islamic names. Some notable differences between theory and practice emerged in this research. For instance, certain non-financial criteria (e.g. political priorities) were more important than financial factors. Relatedly, there was evidence of external interested parties such as academics seeing practice and ideals differently. This type of finding suggests a key contribution of this study as highlighting the need for contextual specificities to be carefully considered when investigating an issue as (theoretically) straightforward as investment decision-making in practice.
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Beyerle, Theresa Susan. "THE ACCOUNTABILITY OF NONPROFIT EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS: THE PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL PROCESS." Akron, OH : University of Akron, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=akron1145296188.

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Dissertation (Ph. D.)--University of Akron, Dept. of Public Administration and Urban Studies, 2006.
"May, 2006." Title from electronic dissertation title page (viewed 10/11/2006) Advisor, Raymond W. Cox III; Committee members, Julia Beckett, Francois Doamekpor, Jennifer Alexander, Kathryn Feltey; Interim Department Chair, Charles B. Monroe; Dean of the College, Ronald F. Levant; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.
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Klayton, Margaret A. "The impact of telecommuting on the supervisory performance appraisal process." VCU Scholars Compass, 1994. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3992.

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The problem studied was whether supervisors evaluated telecommuters differently than their on-site co-workers and, if they did, was this difference explainable by the models on performance ratings by Landy and Farr (1980, 1983, 1989)? For this study, telecommuting referred to employees who are full-time employees, but work off-site using electronic communication devices and telecommuted at least one day per week. Twenty organizations nation-wide were surveyed. Hypotheses stated that there was no difference in supervisory performance appraisal criteria, supervisory performance ratings whether the supervisor selected employees to telecommute or the supervisor telecommuted or not, and the frequency between formal performance appraisals for telecommuters and non-telecommuters. Performance appraisal criteria and other questions concerning the evaluation process were analyzed. The data supported the first hypothesis of no difference in performance appraisal criteria used to evaluate telecommuters and non-telecommuters. The second hypothesis was not supported by the data. The three groups disagreed that telecommuters were generally better performers than their on-site co-workers. Supervisors and telecommuters disagreed on their perceptions of telecommuters as rated as better employees. It was assumed in the third hypothesis that supervisors who themselves telecommuted would not rate telecommuters as better employees than their co-workers. Due to the small sample size, the results were inconclusive. In the fourth hypothesis, it was assumed that supervisors who had the final say about who would be eligible to telecommute would not perceive telecommuters as better employees. Based on the analysis, the hypothesis could not be supported or refuted due to the small sample size. Finally, the fifth hypothesis relied on measuring the number of months between formal reviews to determine if telecommuters were evaluated more frequently than their onsi te co-workers. The analysis verified that there was no difference between the two groups. Because no prior research has been conducted about differences in evaluating telecommuting and nontelecommuting employees, there is no data available for comparison purposes to discover any trends or changes. Future research on this subject should include a review of actual performance appraisal records to determine if differences in ratings for telecommuters and nontelecommuters exists.
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Lindbergh, Josefine, and Evelina Valge. "Appraisal process of Swedish expatriates : - How does Scandinavian culture affect it?" Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för ekonomi och teknik (SET), 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-19885.

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As globalization influences today’s world markets, many organisations are becoming global. An important challenge facing multinational enterprises (MNEs) in the global market is to manage the performance appraisal of expatriates out on assignment. The purpose of this thesis is to explore the appraisal process of Swedish expatriates. There has been research on expatriate appraisals in the past; however, only few of them have focused on Scandinavian MNEs. Therefore, we will investigate the effect Scandinavian management style has on the appraisal process of Swedish expatriates.   The data in our thesis is collected through semi-structured interviews with listed Swedish MNEs. The empirical findings were then compared on our revised model that reflects the characteristics of Scandinavian management style.   The results of this thesis indicate that there are some relationships between characteristics of Scandinavian management style and the appraisal process of Swedish expatriates. A collaborative approach to Human Resource Management (HRM) practices is common in Scandinavian countries, as well as focus on creating a partnership culture between employer and employee and we found that such characteristics had a large impact on attributes in the appraisal process. Scandinavian MNEs can use the conclusions drawn from the study as guidelines for performing effective appraisals of their expatriates.   However, the findings are only a minor contribution to this poorly investigated field, which needs further investigation. Suggestion for future research could be to do a similar investigation on a larger scale, and with a bigger sample.
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Weber, Bruce R. "Integration of the scientific process with the appraisal process for evaluating the feasibility of brownfield redevelopment." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420225.

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Smith, Lagena L. "The Performance Appraisal Process| Best Approaches to Support Organizational Justice for Employees." Thesis, University of Maryland University College, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10639764.

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What is considered a fair and accurate performance appraisal depends on whom you ask. The performance appraisal, an evaluation/assessment instrument widely used by many human resource departments, has been in the controversial spotlight for almost as long as organizations have been in existence. The performance appraisal process (or lack thereof) is one of the mostly hotly debated human resources issue in today’s work environment, and there is a trend to abandon traditional performance appraisals (Kenny, 2016). One purpose of the performance appraisal is to communicate to employees any information collected about their performance over a specified period of time. While the performance appraisal process is a critical function of human resources that can trigger assessment fairness perceptions, understanding how fairness influences job productivity and employee satisfaction, as well as employee behavior consequences, have practical implications. Social influences of perception are fast becoming contextual components of the performance appraisal process. The traditional approach to the performance appraisal is antiquated because the workplace environment has rapidly changed due to technological advances. The manner in which 21st Century employees work and the definition of performance, significantly impacts how employee performance should be measured (Bititci, Garengo, Dorfer & Nudurapati, 2012). Applying the social comparison, expectancy, and equity theories to the performance appraisal process suggests that an employee expects to be fairly compensated, recognized, and fairly rewarded for their contributions to meeting organizational goals. This research underscores the importance of incorporating organizational justice dimensions into the performance appraisal process. Additionally, this research enhances the understanding of organizational justice and the role that it plays on employee perception of the overall performance appraisal process.

Using thematic synthesis, employee and manager/supervisor perceptions, reactions, and observations of performance appraisal accuracy and equity were examined. These variables were identified as predictor constructs for appraisal effectiveness and satisfaction. The findings show that organizational justice within the context of the performance appraisal is significantly impacted by national context and demographic characteristics, and the relationship quality between the appraiser and appraisee is crucial. These results provide HR practitioners and organizations with a meaningful approach to integrate organizational justice. The pivotal role and important implications that organizational justice plays on the performance process is presented.

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Unwin, Bren Carolyn. "Phenomenology and landscape experience : a critical appraisal for contemporary art practice." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/2115.

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This thesis examines some of the ways in which phenomenology might be applied to the representation of landscape experience within contemporary art practice. In particular, the thesis examines how embodied landscape experience, informed by an understanding of phenomenology, might be articulated by contemporary art practice that uses the media of film and digital video. The thesis also questions ways in which time might contribute to an understanding of such a representation of the landscape. Based on a critical analysis of landscape experience and its representation in art practice, the thesis identifies critical omissions both within the aligned disciplines of cultural anthropology and art history, particularly in instances where art has been employed ineptly as a tool for critical enquiry. Through a conceptual analysis of phenomenology, cultural archaeology, cultural anthropology, theories of technology, art history, critical film theory and art practice, this project makes a critical examination of new ways in which art can articulate phenomenological notions of landscape experience, both in the forms of a written exegesis and in examples of my own practice. To these ends, the writing of Christopher Tilley and Tim Ingold is examined in order to draw upon some of the ways in which cultural archaeology and cultural anthropology use Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s phenomenology and James Gibson’s ecological theory of visual perception to understand an embodied engagement with the landscape. Following an expanded phenomenological examination of landscape the thesis identifies ways in which cultural anthropology has used painting. This examination is followed by an analysis of the work of Mike Michael and Don Ihde in order to determine the role played by technology within the mediation of experience and its representation in art. The writing of Joyce Brodsky is examined to analyse the relationship between embodied experience and art practice and, using Sobchack’s analysis, the thesis describes ways in which Merleau-Ponty’s idea of reversibility can explain moving imagery as the perception and expression of experience. As part of the method of analysis, a case study is conducted into how phenomenological ideas that have been identified in association with landscape experience might be understood within Tacita Dean’s work Disappearance at Sea. An analysis of phenomenological notions of landscape experience within my own art practice has led to the generation of a body of practice that includes film and digital video media. Key examples of my art practice have been selected that can articulate this thesis. Specifically, a 16mm film, Line, and a digital video, Length II provide evidence of contemporary art practice articulating an experience of the landscape from a phenomenological viewpoint. Within the production of moving imagery, there is a sequence of human actions and technological interventions that can be considered in phenomenological terms. Through a reflection of my own embodied experience - extended by vehicles, cameras and their associated technology - Line and Length II pay specific attention to how the placement of a camera and its associated technology mediates the mobile character of an experience of the landscape. Central to this enquiry has been the contention that through a rigorous application of phenomenology, a new mode of making moving imagery emerges, specifically one that gives particular emphasis to the placement of the camera and its associated technology in order to reveal the dynamic relationship between a perceiver and their environment in the twenty-first century.
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Books on the topic "Appraisal process"

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Huber, Walter Roy. Real estate appraisal-- an "orderly process". 2nd ed. Covina, Calif: Educational Textbook Co., 2004.

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Mujahid-Mukhtar, Eshya. Gender-aware policy appraisal: Education sector. Islamabad: [Govt. of Pakistan, Ministry of Finance, Gender Responsive Budgeting Initiative], 2006.

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Okpara, Okpara. Human right to fair hearing under Nigerian law: Critical appraisal. Abakaliki, Nigeria: Innarrok Syndicate, 2003.

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A, Collier Courtland, and Halperin Don A, eds. Construction funding: The process of real estate development, appraisal, and finance. 4th ed. Hoboken, N.J: John Wiley, 2007.

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A, Collier Courtland, Halperin Don A, and Collier Courtland A, eds. Construction funding: The process of real estate development, appraisal, and finance. 3rd ed. New York: Wiley, 2002.

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Rukanuddin, Abdul Razzaque. Gender-aware policy appraisal: Population welfare sector. Islamabad: [Govt. of Pakistan, Ministry of Finance, Gender Responsive Budgeting Initiative, 2006.

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Lamug, Corazon B. Participatory rural appraisal of a coastal community: The process in Natipuan, Batangas, Philippines. Halifax, N.S: The Project, 1995.

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Kazamia, E. Re-engineering process of the performance appraisal system at the Hellenic Bank in Cyprus. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 1997.

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Anna, Miller, ed. Skills for professional nursing practice: Communication, physical appraisal, and clinical techniques. Norwalk, Conn: Appleton-Century-Crofts, 1986.

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Adeagbo, ʼDemola. Appraisal of the physical planning process: Case study of selected local planning authorities in Ibadan. Ibadan: Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research, 2000.

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Book chapters on the topic "Appraisal process"

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Hutchinson, Keith. "Development Process." In Building Project Appraisal, 17–28. London: Macmillan Education UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12983-6_3.

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Goodridge, F., and K. Scott. "Cost Estimation, Profit Appraisal, Process Modeling, and Optimization." In Electrochemical Process Engineering, 245–93. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-0224-5_6.

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McCaffery, F., D. McFall, and F. G. Wilkie. "Improving the Express Process Appraisal Method." In Product Focused Software Process Improvement, 286–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11497455_24.

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Pirrong, S. Craig, David Haddock, Roger Kormendi, Michael Brennan, Merton Miller, Richard Roll, Hans Stoll, and Lester Telser. "The Role of the Futures Delivery Process." In Grain Futures Contracts: An Economic Appraisal, 9–50. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3238-5_2.

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Kenett, Ron S., and Marc E. Maisel. "Process performance, appraisal and employee development planning." In Handbook of Total Quality Management, 344–64. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5281-9_16.

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Prokopakis, George J., and Vassiliki Kindi. "Paradigms in Process Integration a Technical and Epistemological Appraisal." In Energy Efficiency in Process Technology, 941–49. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1454-7_83.

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Larsson, Stig, and Fredrik Ekdahl. "Selecting CMMI Appraisal Classes Based on Maturity and Openness." In Product Focused Software Process Improvement, 457–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24659-6_33.

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Beirne, Martin, and Harvie Ramsay. "Computer Redesign and ‘Labour Process’ Theory: Towards a Critical Appraisal." In New Technology and the Labour Process, 197–229. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19242-7_9.

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Grissom, Terry V. "Valuation for Portfolio Analysis: Incorporating Risk and Uncertainty Measurement Into the Appraisal Process." In Essays in Honor of James A. Graaskamp: Ten Years After, 277–306. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1703-0_14.

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He, Yan. "A Quantitative Reservoir Evaluation Method Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Appraisal and Analytic Hierarchy Process." In Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, 307–14. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-28592-9_31.

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Conference papers on the topic "Appraisal process"

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Albuquerque, Regina, Andreia Malucelli, and Sheila Reinehr. "Software Process Improvement Programs: What happens after official appraisal?" In The 30th International Conference on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering. KSI Research Inc. and Knowledge Systems Institute Graduate School, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18293/seke2018-186.

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Li, Lei. "Research on Performance Appraisal System Based on Process Management." In 2017 10th International Conference on Intelligent Computation Technology and Automation (ICICTA). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icicta.2017.56.

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Taj, Fawad, and Michel C. A. Klein. "Temporal Causal Network Model for Appraisal Process in Emotion." In 8th International Conference on Simulation and Modeling Methodologies, Technologies and Applications. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0006867403470356.

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Oddershede, Astrid, Francia Farías, Jorge Donoso, and Patricia Jarufe. "AHP Model for Primary School Teaching and Learning ICT Appraisal: User Perception." In The International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y2013.015.

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Burrows, R. J. "Appraisal of new technological solutions applied to scheduling systems for SMEs." In Fifth International Conference on FACTORY 2000 - The Technology Exploitation Process. IEE, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/cp:19970149.

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Padoano, Elio, Fabio Lamanna, Giovanni Longo, Giorgio Medeossi, and Stefano Strami. "THE AHP APPROACH FOR RAILWAY PROJECT APPRAISAL: PROPOSAL FOR A SPECIFIC PROBLEM STRUCTURE." In The International Symposium on the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Creative Decisions Foundation, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.13033/isahp.y2011.042.

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Jin Cheng, Haiqing Bai, and Ziping Li. "Information: A critical factor in the process of performance appraisal." In 2009 6th International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icsssm.2009.5174985.

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Roongsangjan, Suppasit, Thanwadee Sunetnanta, and Pattanasak Mongkolwat. "Structuring the Knowledge for Software Process Appraisal towards Semi-Automated Support." In 2017 24th Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference (APSEC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/apsec.2017.94.

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Xiao, Yezhi, and Sha Fu. "Performance appraisal of Student Affairs Management based on group analytic hierarchy process." In 2011 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Communication Software and Networks (ICCSN). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccsn.2011.6013808.

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Horvathova, Petra. "PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL PROCESS OF ENVIRONMENTALISTS AS A PART OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT." In 4th International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on Social Sciences and Arts SGEM2017. Stef92 Technology, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgemsocial2017/14/s04.079.

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Reports on the topic "Appraisal process"

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Patterson, Christina M., Margaret R. Porteus, and Karn J. Richter. Life Cycle Processes: Standards, Capability and Maturity Models, Process Improvement Models, and Appraisal Methods. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, July 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada408534.

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Dunaway, Donna K., and Steve Masters. CMM (SM)-Based Appraisal for Internal Process Improvement (CBA IPI): Method Description. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada307964.

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Dunaway, Donna K., and Michele Baker. Analysis of CMM - Based Appraisal for Internal Process Improvement (CBA IPI) Assessment Feedback. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada443470.

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Dunaway, Donna K., and Steve Masters. CMM-Based Appraisal for Internal Process Improvement (CBA IPI) Version 1.2 Method Description. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada399227.

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Busby, Mary, Palma Buttles-Valdez, Paul Byrnes, Will Hayes, Ravi Khetan, Denise Kirkham, Lisa Ming, Charlie Ryan, Kevin Schaaff, and Alexander Stall. Standard CMMI Appraisal Method for Process Improvement (SCAMPI) A, Version 1.3: Method Definition Document. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada638222.

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Barbour, Rick, Melanie Benhoff, Brian Gallagher, Suellen Eslinger, and Thomas Bernard. Standard CMMI Appraisal Method for Process Improvement (SCAMPI), Version 1.1: Method Implementation Guidance for Government Source Selection and Contract Process Monitoring. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada408309.

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Goldenson, Dennis R., and James D. Herbsleb. After the Appraisal: A Systematic Survey of Process Improvement, its Benefits, and Factors that Influence Success. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, August 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada300225.

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Haynes, Richard W., Kenneth E. Skog, and Richard Aubuchon. A process to establish and use base period prices for national forest system transaction evidence timber appraisal. Madison, WI: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/fpl-gtr-242.

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Hutchinson, M. L., J. E. L. Corry, and R. H. Madden. A review of the impact of food processing on antimicrobial-resistant bacteria in secondary processed meats and meat products. Food Standards Agency, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.bxn990.

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For meat and meat products, secondary processes are those that relate to the downstream of the primary chilling of carcasses. Secondary processes include maturation chilling, deboning, portioning, mincing and other operations such as thermal processing (cooking) that create fresh meat, meat preparations and ready-to-eat meat products. This review systematically identified and summarised information relating to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) during the manufacture of secondary processed meatand meat products (SPMMP). Systematic searching of eight literature databases was undertaken and the resultantpapers were appraised for relevance to AMR and SPMMP. Consideration was made that the appraisal scores, undertaken by different reviewers, were consistent. Appraisal reduced the 11,000 initially identified documents to 74, which indicated that literature relating to AMR and SPMMP was not plentiful. A wide range of laboratory methods and breakpoint values (i.e. the concentration of antimicrobial used to assess sensitivity, tolerance or resistance) were used for the isolation of AMR bacteria.The identified papers provided evidence that AMR bacteria could be routinely isolated from SPMMP. There was no evidence that either confirmed or refuted that genetic materials capable of increasing AMR in non-AMR bacteria were present unprotected (i.e. outside of a cell or a capsid) in SPMMP. Statistical analyses were not straightforward because different authors used different laboratory methodologies.However, analyses using antibiotic organised into broadly-related groups indicated that Enterobacteriaceaeresistant to third generation cephalosporins might be an area of upcoming concern in SPMMP. The effective treatment of patients infected with Enterobacteriaceaeresistant to cephalosporins are a known clinical issue. No AMR associations with geography were observed and most of the publications identified tended to be from Europe and the far east.AMR Listeria monocytogenes and lactic acid bacteria could be tolerant to cleaning and disinfection in secondary processing environments. The basis of the tolerance could be genetic (e.g. efflux pumps) or environmental (e.g. biofilm growth). Persistent, plant resident, AMR L. monocytogenes were shown by one study to be the source of final product contamination. 4 AMR genes can be present in bacterial cultures used for the manufacture of fermented SPMMP. Furthermore, there was broad evidence that AMR loci could be transferred during meat fermentation, with refrigeration temperatures curtailing transfer rates. Given the potential for AMR transfer, it may be prudent to advise food business operators (FBOs) to use fermentation starter cultures that are AMR-free or not contained within easily mobilisable genetic elements. Thermal processing was seen to be the only secondary processing stage that served as a critical control point for numbers of AMR bacteria. There were significant linkages between some AMR genes in Salmonella. Quaternary ammonium compound (QAC) resistance genes were associated with copper, tetracycline and sulphonamide resistance by virtue of co-location on the same plasmid. No evidence was found that either supported or refuted that there was any association between AMR genes and genes that encoded an altered stress response or enhanced the survival of AMR bacteria exposed to harmful environmental conditions.
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Thomas, Sandy, Peter Gregory, Sarah O’Brien, Catriona McCallion, Ben Goodall, Chun-Han Chan, and Paul Nunn. Rapid Evidence Review 1 on the Critical Appraisal of Third-Party Evidence. Food Standards Agency, June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.elm525.

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The Food Standards Agency (FSA) always seeks to ensure that itsrecommendations are made on the best-available evidence. Following a request from the FSA Chair, the Science Council have sought to provide a framework that can guide those seeking to submit uncommissioned evidence to the FSA on its scientific principles and standards.The Science Councils proposed framework is based on the principles of quality, trustand robustness. By being transparent about the FSA’s minimal expectations, we aim to help those who wish to submit evidence, typically in an effort to fill a perceived evidence gap orchange a relevant policy or legislation. The framework also seeks to provides assurance to others on the processes in place within the FSA to assess evidence it receives.When the FSA receives evidence, it will: be transparent about how the evidence is assessed and used to develop its evidence base, policy recommendations and risk communication; assess evidence in its proper context using the principles of quality, trust and robustness; seek to minimise bias in its assessments of evidence by using professional protocols, its SACs, peer review and/or multi-disciplinary teams be open and transparent about the conclusions it has reached about any evidence submitted to it.
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