Contents
Academic literature on the topic 'Apprentissage perceptif olfactif'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Apprentissage perceptif olfactif.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Apprentissage perceptif olfactif"
Sandoz, Jean-Christophe. "Perception et apprentissage olfactifs chez l’Abeille domestique (Apis mellifera) : imagerie calcique dans le lobe antennaire." Journal de la Société de Biologie 197, no. 3 (2003): 277–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2003197030277.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Apprentissage perceptif olfactif"
Sandoz, Jean-Christophe. "Apprentissage olfactif chez l'abeille domestique (apis mellifera l. ) etude comportementale et sensorielle." Paris 13, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA132047.
Full textMoreno, Mélissa. "Mécanismes neuronaux sous-tendant l'apprentissage perceptif olfactif chez la souris adulte." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10102/document.
Full textThe olfactory bulb is the target of a well described adult neurogenesis which has been involved in different kinds of learning. We focused on the role of adult neurogenesis on olfactory perceptual learning which consists on an improvement of olfactory discrimination after odor enrichment. We found that experience-driven improvement in olfactory discrimination (perceptual learning) requires the addition of newborn neurons in the olfactory bulb. More specifically, we showed that adult-born neurons are required for perceptual learning by modulating the inhibition of mitral cells by granule cells. Then, we studied the role of noradrenaline on perceptual learning. Direct manipulation of noradrenergic transmission significantly effect on adult-born neuron survival and perceptual learning. Finally, we investigated the effect of aging on perceptual learning. We found that perceptual learning was impaired by aging in line with an alteration of neurogenesis. However, noradrenergic stimulation restores perceptual learning without modulating neurogenesis suggesting compensatory mechanisms. Neural mechanisms underlying perceptual learning involve neurogenesis and noradrenergic system to allow an increase of mitral cell inhibition thanks to the granule cells leading to an improvement of odor discrimination. During aging, perceptual learning can be restored suggesting that the olfactory system is still plastic
Yin, Xuming. "Bases neurales de l’apprentissage olfactif perceptif : plasticité structurale et contrôle noradrénergique." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1182/document.
Full textThe field of neuroscience has experienced explosive growth over the past decade toward understanding the neural correlates of perception. More specifically, the adult brain responds to environmental experience by significant functional and structural modifications, called "neural plasticity" which underlies learning. A main issue in neuroscience is to understand the cellular basis of perceptive plasticity and subsequent behavioral adaptations. Contrary to previously held beliefs about its static nature, the adult brain is in fact capable of generating new neurons that can integrate into its complex circuitry. The birth of new neurons constitutively occurs in two specific regions of the adult mammalian brain (OB and hippocampal dentate gyrus). Adult neurogenesis is a sophisticated biological process whose function has remained a mystery to neuroscience researchers but a role in learning and memory has been proposed. Previous work in our group have shown that perceptive olfactory learning depends on adult neurogenesis. In addition, neuromodulatory systems, including noradrenergic and cholinergic systems massively innervate the olfactory bulb and more specifically the inhibitory interneurons targeted by adult neurogenesis and are long-known for their role in learning and memory. One objective of the present work was to determine the spatial and temporal pattern of the innervation by noradrenergic and cholinergic inputs of developing adult-born neurons and to investigate its modulation by learning. For that purpose, we used behavioral and neuro-anatomical approaches. Another objective was to assess the functional role of centrifugal contacts using an optogenetic approach. Results indicate that the noradrenergic innervation is selectively increased on adult born neurons following perceptual olfactory learning, a phenomenon that was not observed for cholinergic innervation, pointing the noradrenergic system as a key mechanisms involved in perceptual learning. Interestingly, noradrenergic contacts on neurons born during ontogenesis were not affected by learning, suggesting a very specific part played by adult-born neuron in learning associated plasticity. In the same brains, we have analyzed the structural plasticity induced by learning in adult-born and pre-existing neurons. The major finding is that mirroring the increased number of noradrenergic contacts, learning induced an increase in dendritic spines on adult-born, but not on pre-existing neurons
Mandairon, Nathalie. "Modulation fonctionnelle de la neurogénèse dans le bulbe olfactif de mammifère adulte." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10108.
Full textDéglise, Patrice. "Etude des supports neurobiologiques de l'apprentissage olfactif chez l'abeille (Apis mellifera) : approches neuroanatomique et électrophysiologique." Toulouse 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU30236.
Full textGrelat, Anne. "Rôle et connectivité des néo-neurones formés à l’âge adulte dans le bulbe olfactif." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS431.
Full textOlfaction is an important sensory modality in rodents. During odor-dependent learning, a positive value is commonly assigned to an odorant, and multiple forms of plasticity are involved when such odor–reward associations are formed. In the olfactory bulb, one of the mechanisms underlying plasticity consists in recruiting new neurons daily throughout life. The aim of this thesis was to determine the specific properties of these adult-born neurons, structurally and functionally. In a first study, we demonstrated that exposure to reward-associated odors specifically increases activity of adult-born neurons. Moreover, adult-born neuron activation during rewarded odor presentation heightens discrimination learning and enhances the ability to update the odor value during reversal association. Together, these results show the specific involvement of adult-born neurons in odor-reward association. In a second study, we investigated whether this functional role could result from a particular connectivity. We used a retrograde tracing technique to label the presynaptic partners of adult-born granule cells. Thus, we showed that centrifugal fibers contacting the adult-born granule cells are more numerous than those contacting their counterparts born during development. Collectively, these results demonstrate that adult neurogenesis endows the olfactory system with the capacity to facilitate associative learning, probably due to a unique connectivity
Sultan, Sébastien. "Régulation par l’apprentissage de la neurogenèse adulte dans le bulbe olfactif et rôle des nouveaux neurones." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10014.
Full textAdult-born neurons are added to the mammalian olfactory bulb, and their number is modulated by learning suggesting that they could play a role in olfactory memory. In this work, we demonstrate that retrieval of an associative olfactory task recruits newborn neurons in odor-specific areas of the olfactory bulb and in a manner that depends on the strength of learning. By blocking neurogenesis during this olfactory task, we then demonstrate that acquisition is not dependent on neurogenesis while long-term retention of the task is abolished by neurogenesis blockade. In a second part, using an ecological approach, we show that behaviorally breaking a previously learned odor-reward association prematurely suppresses newborn neurons selected to survive during initial learning. Our results indicate that the newborn neurons saved by olfactory learning die when the odor looses its associative value, thus confirming that these newborn neurons support the memory trace. Finally, during and after learning, cell death and BrdU positive cells were mapped in the granule cell layer. We find that regions showing high BrdU-positive cell density exhibit the lowest rate of cell death indicating local regulation of cell death shaping the spatial distribution of newborn neurons in the granule cell layer of the olfactory bulb. Taken together, our findings reveal the crucial role of bulbar adult born neurons in olfactory memory
Tempère, Sophie. "Métrologie sensorielle olfactive et apprentissage olfactif appliqués à l’œnologie." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO20111.
Full textThe quality of a wine is measured primarily by experts who evaluate its organoleptic features. Their olfactory and gustatory capacities are decisive, but these experts do not appreciate their own sensory abilities. Moreover, although we can give a clear definition of the expertise, several studies have shown that professionals are often confronted with disparities in their wine assessment. Several studies have also shown the differences between experts and novices, but no attention was paid to the diversity of the chemosensory abilities of the experts.At the Oenology Faculty in Bordeaux, with voluntary participation of the professionals, we characterized the olfactory performances of wine professionals and measured their impact on the wine assessment.The results showed significant inter-individual variation in olfactory sensitivities, hedonic ratings and cognitive abilities among the wine professionals. Further, our experiments have suggested that these inter-individual differences, especially concerning the sensitivity and the hedonic appreciation, influence perceptions and judgments of a same wine by the experts. However, the results confirm the possible influence of the cognitive dimensions related to the experience of the subject on their perception and their olfactory training. Finally, this work identifies training needs. We therefore propose and test practical tools for assessment of sensory performances and appropriate sensorial training. This has been an opportunity to highlight the potential role of attention or olfactory mental imagery in the improvement of the olfactory performance
Cabrera, Sébastien. "Implementation of a semi-automatic quantification approach for spatial and temporal study of brain activity. Application to study of neuronal networks involved in various cognitive functions (sleep, olfaction)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 1, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LYO10366.
Full textBehaviors are encoded by widespread neural circuits within the brain which change with age and experience. Immunodetection of the immediate early gene c-Fos has been used for decades to reveal neural circuits activated during specific tasks or conditions. While successful, c-Fos method presents two limitations: 1) c-Fos expression is restricted in time, and cannot be used to follow up the same neurons activation over time or in response to different stimuli. 2) Quantifications are time consuming and often performed for a single brain region which restricts spatial information. A first objective of my thesis consisted in addressing challenges associated with whole brain probing of neuronal activity involved in higher sensory information processing. To this end, I developed and benchmarked a workflow that circumvents temporal and spatial limitations associated with c-Fos quantification. I combined c-Fos with c-Fos driven Cre-dependent tdTomato expression (i.e. TRAP2 mice), to perform a direct comparison of neural circuits activated at different times or during different tasks. Using open-source softwares (i.e. QuPath and ABBA), I established a workflow that optimize and automate cell detection, cell classification (e.g. c-Fos vs. c-Fos/tdTomato) and whole brain registration. This automatic workflow, based on fully automatic scripts, allows accurate quantification with minimal interindividual variability. Further, interrogation of brain atlases at different scales (from simplified to detailed) was performed, allowing a gradual zoom on defined brain regions to explore the spatial distribution of activated cells. I finally illustrated the potential of this approach by comparing patterns of neuronal activation in various contexts, i.e. wakefulness, paradoxical sleep and social interaction tasks, in distinct animal groups as well as within the same animals. Finally, BrainRender was used for intuitive representation of obtained results. Altogether, this automated workflow accessible to all labs with some experience in histology, allows an unbiased, fast and accurate analysis of the whole brain activity pattern at the cellular level, in various contexts. As an extension of this work, the second objective of my PhD focused on investigating the interdependence of specific behaviours. To this end, I studied effects of paradoxical sleep deprivation on olfactory perceptual learning. This learning task is defined as an enhanced ability to discriminate between two perceptually similar odorants following passive exposure to these 2 odorants for 10 days, a process partially reliant on adult neurogenesis. I used c-Fos immunohistochemistry in combination with tdTomato expression (TRAP2 mice), to visualize neuronal activity before and after perceptual learning. I have implemented a chronic automated paradoxical sleep deprivation for 4 hours per days following the olfactory perceptual learning protocol. Our behavioural data revealed that paradoxical sleep deprivation altered the improvement of odour discrimination. This work lays a solid foundation for future studies, which will extend the automated workflow I developed to evaluate neuronal activity within the olfactory bulb, as well as in higher olfactory centres in the brain. Additionally, the role of adult-born neurons and the potential impact of paradoxical sleep deprivation on their activity patterns will be explored further. In conclusion, the work presented in my thesis provides significant advancements in addressing the limitations of traditional c-Fos quantification methods by developing an automated, whole-brain workflow to visualize and compare neural circuits activated under different conditions. Furthermore, the exploration of the impact of paradoxical sleep deprivation on perceptual learning highlights the intricate relationship between sleep and sensory processing, laying the groundwork for future investigations into the neural mechanisms underlying these processes
Gnaedinger, Amandine. "Le son de la rose : comment le cerveau traite-t-il l'interaction multisensorielle audio-olfactive ?" Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS401/document.
Full textMultisensory interactions are constantly present in our everyday life and allow a unified representation of environment. Cross modal integration is often studied in multisensory associative brain regions, but recent findings suggest that most of the brain could be multisensory. But at this time, we still don’t know how the brain deals with information from different sensory systems. In this project, we want to understand whether the establishment of neuronal oscillations can functionally connect sensory regions and take part of the multisensory integration, and how this connection is built up by learning. For this, we examine changes in the cortical network involved in the acquisition of a multisensory association between a sound and an odor in rats through the analysis of the local field potentials’ oscillations The originality of the project is to sample a large network of brain structures including primary sensory cortex (primary auditory cortex, olfactory bulb) and multimodal areas towards which converge these two senses: the piriform and perirhinal cortices. We have developed a behavioral GO/NO GO test in which the rat must combine simultaneous auditory and olfactory informations to succeed. Data and brain signals obtained in this task suggest that the power of oscillations in beta frequency band within the olfactory areas and the coherences of oscillations between these areas are modified by the multisensory learning