Academic literature on the topic 'Approche de pavés'
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Journal articles on the topic "Approche de pavés"
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Majumdar, Shamaita, and Justin P. McWilliams. "Approach to Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations: A Comprehensive Update." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 6 (June 19, 2020): 1927. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9061927.
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Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) are abnormal direct vascular communications between pulmonary arteries and veins which create high-flow right-to-left shunts. They are most frequently congenital, usually in the setting of hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). PAVMs may be asymptomatic or present with a wide variety of clinical manifestations such as dyspnea, hypoxemia, or chest pain. Even when asymptomatic, presence of PAVMs increases patients’ risk of serious, potentially preventable complications including stroke or brain abscess. Transcatheter embolotherapy is considered the gold standard for treatment of PAVMs. Though previous guidelines have been published regarding the management of PAVMs, several aspects of PAVM screening and management remain debated among the experts, suggesting the need for thorough reexamination of the current literature. The authors of this review present an updated approach to the diagnostic workup and management of PAVMs, with an emphasis on areas of controversy, based on the latest literature and our institutional experience.
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Staines, Richard. "Autism Act paves the way for fresh approach to care." Learning Disability Practice 12, no. 10 (December 4, 2009): 6–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ldp.12.10.6.s9.
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Loyek, Christian, Alexander Bunkowski, Wolfgang Vautz, and Tim W. Nattkemper. "Web2.0 paves new ways for collaborative and exploratory analysis of Chemical Compounds in Spectrometry Data." Journal of Integrative Bioinformatics 8, no. 2 (June 1, 2011): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jib-2011-158.
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SummaryIn nowadays life science projects, sharing data and data interpretation is becoming increasingly important. This considerably calls for novel information technology approaches, which enable the integration of expert knowledge from different disciplines in combination with advanced data analysis facilities in a collaborative manner. Since the recent development of web technologies offers scientific communities new ways for cooperation and communication, we propose a fully web-based software approach for the collaborative analysis of bioimage data and demonstrate the applicability of Web2.0 techniques to ion mobility spectrometry image data. Our approach allows collaborating experts to easily share, explore and discuss complex image data without any installation of software packages. Scientists only need a username and a password to get access to our system and can directly start exploring and analyzing their data.
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Conrad, Michael. "Biomolecular information processing: Biotechnology paves the way for new approaches to computing." IEEE Potentials 6, no. 3 (October 1987): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mp.1987.6500946.
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Dourthe, Cyril, Céline Julien, Sylvaine Di Tommaso, Jean‐William Dupuy, Nathalie Dugot‐Senant, Alexandre Brochard, Brigitte Le Bail, et al. "Proteomic Profiling of Hepatocellular Adenomas Paves the Way to Diagnostic and Prognostic Approaches." Hepatology 74, no. 3 (July 13, 2021): 1595–610. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hep.31826.
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Wang, Dishi, Silvia Moreno, Susanne Boye, Brigitte Voit, and Dietmar Appelhans. "Detection of subtle extracellular glucose changes by artificial organelles in protocells." Chemical Communications 57, no. 65 (2021): 8019–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1cc03422g.
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Munkhbat, Oyuntuya, Ozgul Gok, Rana Sanyal, and Amitav Sanyal. "Multiarm star polymers with a thermally cleavable core: A “grafting-from” approach paves the way." Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 55, no. 5 (January 3, 2017): 885–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.28441.
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Anglin, Aaron H., Shane W. Reid, Jeremy C. Short, Miles A. Zachary, and Matthew W. Rutherford. "An Archival Approach to Measuring Family Influence." Family Business Review 30, no. 1 (September 21, 2016): 19–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0894486516669254.
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Drawing from a framework highlighting how family influence is reflected in organizational identity, we present archival and content analytic adaptations for three key factors signifying alignment between family and organizational identities: family visibility, transgenerational sustainability, and family self-enhancement. We validate these measures using archival data sources, “About Us” pages, and shareholder letters from S&P 500 firms. Random coefficients modeling indicates our measures are largely shaped by temporal and firm, followed by industry, differences. Our work paves the way for further investigation exploring the relationships between family involvement and organizational identity while simultaneously addressing lingering methodological challenges in family business research.
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Cao, Qingwen, Qiong Wu, Lin Dai, Xiaojun Shen, and Chuanling Si. "A well-defined lignin-based filler for tuning the mechanical properties of polymethyl methacrylate." Green Chemistry 23, no. 6 (2021): 2329–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1gc00249j.
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Well-defined lignin fillers were synthesized by using a universal approach, that the combination of chemical modification with lignin fractionation. This study paves the way towards lignin high-value utilization on a broader scale.
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Vijayabalaji, Srinivasan, Parthasarathy Balaji, and Adhimoolam Ramesh. "Sigmoid valued fuzzy soft set and its application to haze management." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 39, no. 5 (November 19, 2020): 7177–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-200594.
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The impetus of this paper is to broaden the structure of linguistic soft set (LSS) to a new domain namely sigmoid valued fuzzy soft set (SVFSS). Some operating laws on SVFSS are also provided. Using the complement concept on SVFSS we define maximum rejection. This maximum rejection paves a way for defining a new similarity measure on SVFSS termed as maximum likely ratio (MLR). A new MCGDM algorithm for SVFSS is proposed using MLR. An illustrative example of haze equipment problem on sigmoid valued fuzzy soft set setting is also given. A comparative analysis of our approach with the existing approaches are also presented to justify our work.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Approche de pavés"
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Du, Liangfen. "Characterisation of air-borne sound sources using surface coupling techniques." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSEI028/document.
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La thèse se base sur la recherche des possibilités de caractérisation du son aérien de sources sonores arbitraires. A cette fin, une approche particulière est étudiée à l’endroit où la caractérisation de la source est faite via une surface d’interface qui enveloppe totalement ou partiellement la source physique. Deux descripteurs qui dépendent de la fréquence sont definis au travers d’une telle surface: la pression sonore bloquée et l’impédance de la source. Le précédent représente la pression sonore créée par le système d’exploitation source qui agit sur la surface enveloppante quand elle est rendue immobile. Cette dernière représente le rapport des amplitudes de réponse de pression et les amplitudes de vitesse d’excitation normales au travers de la surface. La surface enveloppante définit un volume d’air qui contient la source physique appelée l’espace source. Les deux descripteurs définis sur l’espace source, la pression bloquée et l’impédance de la source sont montrés comme étant intrinsèques à la source, c’est-à-dire indépendants de l’espace acoustique environnant. Une fois définis, ces descripteurs permettent de trouver la pression sonore et la vitesse particulaire normale à la surface de l’interface quand l’espace source est couplé à un espace récepteur arbitraire, c’est-à-dire une pièce. Cela permet alors la prédiction du son dans l’espace récepteur. Les conditions de couplage nécessitent que l’espace récepteur soit caractérisé en utilisant la même surface enveloppante telle que l’espace source. En acceptant de garder à l’esprit la simplicité de la mesure, la surface enveloppante a été conçue vu qu’elle comporte une ou plusieurs surfaces rectangulaires planes. Le défi de la recherche était alors d’obtenir une impédance significative de la surface au travers de la surface plane rectangulaire (continue) ainsi que celle de la pression bloquée compatible avec la formulation de l’impédance. Cela a conduit à une décomposition dans l’espace de la pression sonore et de la vitesse des particules au sein du nombre fini des composants, chacun défini par une amplitude complexe et une distribution dans l’espace particulière. De cette façon, la pression bloquée se réduit à un vecteur d’amplitude de pression complexe, tandis que l’impédance devient une matrice de pression et des rapports d’amplitudes complexes de la vitesse de défauts de de décompositions ont été recherchés dans le détail: la méthode harmonique de surface et la méthode du patch. Le premier se rapproche de la pression de surface et de la vitesse normale par des combinaisons de fonctions de surface trigonométriques en 2D tandis que ce dernier partage la surface en petites parcelles et intervient sur chaque parcelle de façon discrète en utilisant les valeurs moyennes du patchThe thesis investigates possibilities of air-borne sound characterisation of arbitrary sound sources. To this end a particular approach is studied where the source characterisation is done via an interface surface which fully or partially envelopes the physical source. Two frequency dependent descriptors are defined across such a surface: the blocked sound pressure and the source impedance. The former represents the sound pressure created by the operating source which acts on the enveloping surface when this is made immobile. The latter represents the ratio of pressure response amplitudes and normal velocity excitation amplitudes across the surface. The enveloping surface defines an air volume containing the physical source, called the source space. The two source descriptors defined on the source space, the blocked pressure and the source impedance, are shown to be intrinsic to the source, i.e. independent of the surrounding acoustical space. Once defined, these descriptors allow one to find the sound pressure and normal particle velocity at the interface surface when the source space is coupled to an arbitrary receiver space, i.e. a room. This in turn allows for sound prediction in the receiver space. The coupling conditions require that the receiver space is characterised using the same enveloping surface as the source space. Bearing the measurement simplicity in mind, the enveloping surface has been conceived as consisting of one or several rectangular plane surfaces. The research challenge was then to obtain meaningful surface impedance across a (continuous) rectangular plane surface as well as the blocked pressure compatible with impedance formulation. This has led to a spatial decomposition of sound pressure and particle velocity into finite number of components, each defined by a complex amplitude and a particular spatial distribution. In this way the blocked pressure reduces to a vector of complex pressure amplitudes while the impedance becomes a matrix of pressure and velocity complex amplitude ratios. Two decomposition methods have been investigated in detail: the surface harmonic method and the patch method. The former approximates the surface pressure and normal velocity by combinations of 2D trigonometric surface functions while the latter splits the surface into small patches and treats each patch in a discrete way, using patch-averaged values
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Susanna, Dobrota. "Diversifying livelihoods and land management : A case study on the prospects and challenges of a permaculture project in rural Las Pavas, Nicaragua." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Kulturgeografiska institutionen, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-123844.
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The socioeconomic context of many biodiversity rich countries is argued to be heavily dwarfed in current conservation and development debate, resulting in that projects that intersect complex issues of development and conservation are often simplistically deemed as being unsuccessful. The aim of this research has therefore been to attain a more profound understanding of how socioeconomic conditions and local neoliberal contexts effect ICDP projects and to an extent also agroecological transition. In this case study ten qualitative life-story interviews were carried out during a minor field study in rural Las Pavas, Nicaragua. These were further analyzed through the use of the sustainable livelihood approach in order to identify what impacts the local socioeconomic contexts had on participant livelihoods and also what prospects and challenges C.I.P.P’s permaculture project presented in this regard. The empirical evidence shows that participant livelihoods were subjected to several constraints that were buttressed by the neoliberal development context which signified a great reliance on cattle raising as main financial activity at the expense of other important natural assets such as forest and water. Furthermore, demonstrating that permaculture projects had to provide the widest range of benefits with the least amount of risk in order to be adopted.
Books on the topic "Approche de pavés"
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Arras, John. Methods in Bioethics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190665982.001.0001.
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This book provides an overview and critical discussion of the main philosophical methods that have dominated the field of bioethics. The first three chapters outline some influential theories that are important to understanding the methodological approaches that follow. Chapter 1 offers a survey of the theory of principlism as expounded by Tom Beauchamp and James Childress, chapter 2 examines Bernard Gert’s defense of common morality, and chapter 3 discusses the so-termed new casuistry. The next three chapters trace a historical dialectic. Chapter 4 explores the shift that has increasingly occurred in bioethics away from the pursuit of objectivity or truth and toward narrative ethics, while chapter 5 uncovers the “classical” roots of American pragmatism and explains their ongoing relevance for contemporary bioethics. This paves the way for chapter 6’s examination of “freestanding” pragmatists such as Susan Wolf who, in contrast, see their approach as untethered to the classical canon of American pragmatism. With this background firmly established, the next two chapters handle some influential contemporary approaches. Chapter 7 considers the “internal morality” approach to medicine; chapter 8 discusses the method of reflective equilibrium, and chapter 9 summarizes and reflects on the results of the preceding eight chapters. Rather than staking out and defending a final position, the book aspires to uncover the costs and benefits of the respective methodological approaches that are surveyed. In the words of Kierkegaard, it aims to make life “harder” rather than “easier” for bioethics by uncovering some outstanding challenges.
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Bustreo, Flavia, Veronica Magar, Rajat Khosla, Marcus Stahlhofer, and Rebekah Thomas. The Future of Human Rights in WHO. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190672676.003.0008.
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This chapter examines how the Sustainable Development Agenda—with its focus on equity, gender equality, and human rights—has provided an unprecedented opportunity to advance human rights within the World Health Organization (WHO). It looks at how human rights are increasingly permeating the Organization’s work, both implicitly and explicitly, and how this paves the way for a bolder vision for human rights in health. Through this examination, the authors lay out a strategy for three necessary shifts that would set WHO on an unprecedented path toward greater rights-based health governance: the adoption of a Resolution by WHO’s governing body on health, both as a human right and as a means to achieve human rights (“to health and through health”); greater collaboration between WHO and the UN human rights system to promote rights-based approaches to health; and building evidence of the impact of such approaches on health.
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Gragl, Paul. Theorizing the Relationship between Different Bodies of Law. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198796268.003.0002.
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This chapter discusses and critically analyses legal monism and its main theoretical competitors (legal dualism and legal pluralism) from a philosophical, historical, and legal viewpoint. Legal monism will only be described in rather broad strokes and brushes here, since the remainder of this book is dedicated to its defence anyway. This rough overview will only serve to give an outline of the different versions of monism, which will then help make the case for the epistemological-normative version of monism as envisaged by the pure theory of law. Furthermore dualism, its main characteristics, and a critical appraisal, and legal pluralism and its most prominent varieties will be scrutinized and critiqued. A conclusion on the theoretical approaches discussed here eventually paves the way for the subsequent main parts of this book.
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Cumming, Gordon D. French Aid Through the Comparative Looking Glass. Edited by Robert Elgie, Emiliano Grossman, and Amy G. Mazur. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199669691.013.29.
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There is now a vast comparative literature on Northern development assistance, its purposes, composition, structures, motives, and effectiveness. These writings often include French aid within their comparative framework. But they present a mixed picture of the French case, with qualitative studies portraying it as “deviant,” and variable-led analyses viewing it as “representative.” Drawing on specialist interviews, this chapter challenges these comparative perspectives and, at a time when fresh approaches to international development are desperately needed, paves the way for wider consideration of French ideas on aid. It begins with an overview of the comparative literature on Northern aid before reviewing the comparative scholarship on French assistance. It shows how these writings have missed out on the agenda-setting dimension of French aid, notably its capacity to act as a “model” for other donors and lay the groundwork for future comparative research. It concludes by reconciling “conflicting” views of the French case.
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Florio, Salvatore, and Øystein Linnebo. The Many and the One. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198791522.001.0001.
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Plural logic has become a well-established subject, especially in philosophical logic. This book explores its broader significance for philosophy, logic, and linguistics. What can plural logic do for us? Are the bold claims made on its behalf correct? After introducing plural logic and its main applications, the book provides a systematic analysis of the relation between this logic and other theoretical frameworks such as set theory, mereology, higher-order logic, and modal logic. The applications of plural logic rely on two assumptions, namely that this logic is ontologically innocent and has great expressive power. These assumptions are shown to be problematic. The result is a more nuanced picture of plural logic’s applications than has been given so far. Questions about the correct logic of plurals play a central role in the last part of the book, where traditional plural logic is rejected in favor of a “critical” alternative. The most striking feature of this alternative is that there is no universal plurality. This leads to a novel approach to the relation between the many and the one. In particular, critical plural logic paves the way for an account of sets capable of solving the set-theoretic paradoxes.
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Forceville, Charles. Visual and Multimodal Communication. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190845230.001.0001.
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Successful communication requires optimal relevance to a target audience. Relevance theory (RT) provides an excellent model based on this insight, but the impact of the theory has until now been restricted due to an almost exclusive focus on spoken face-to-face communication. Visual and Multimodal Communication: Applying the Relevance Principle is the first book to systematically demonstrate how RT can fulfill its promise to develop into an inclusive theory of communication. In this book, Charles Forceville refines and adapts RT’s original claims to show its applicability to static visuals and multimodal discourses in popular culture genres. Using colorful examples, he explains how RT can be expanded and adapted to accommodate mass-communicative visual and visual-plus-verbal messages. Forceville addresses issues such as the difference between drawing prospective addressees’ attention to a message and persuading them to accept it; the thorny continuum from implicit to explicit information; and the role of genre. Case studies of pictograms, advertisements, cartoons, and comics provide contemporary and accessible examples of the importance of genre and of how the RT model can be connected to other approaches. By expanding the application of relevance theory to include mass-communicative messages, Visual and Multimodal Communication reintroduces a central framework of cognitive linguistics and pragmatics to a new audience and paves the way for an inclusive theory of communication.
Book chapters on the topic "Approche de pavés"
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Mahmoud, Israa, and Eugenio Morello. "Co-creation Pathway for Urban Nature-Based Solutions: Testing a Shared-Governance Approach in Three Cities and Nine Action Labs." In Smart and Sustainable Planning for Cities and Regions, 259–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-57764-3_17.
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AbstractNature-based solutions (NBS) implementation in urban contexts has proven outcoming multiple benefits to reverse the current trend of natural resources’ degradation adversely affecting biodiversity, human health, and wellbeing. Yet, the current urban-planning policy frameworks present a rigid structure to integrate NBS definitions, and their co-benefits to get mainstreamed and up scaled on a wider urban spatial dimension. In this research, we test a complete co-creation pathway that encourages decision-makers to embed citizen engagement methodologies as an approach to co-design and co-implement NBS in shared-governance processes aiming to increment the greening of urban spaces, towards more inclusive and climate resilient cities. On one hand, we assess a tendency to involve a multiplicity of stakeholders that collaborate to the establishment of an Urban Innovation Partnership (UIP) aiming at increasing the social awareness around NBS themes, and at the same time tackling both financial and governance aspects. On the other hand, the innovation embedded in NBS paves the way to combine a multi-scalar flexibility in implementation tools and place-based urban actions, hence resulting in widespread economic, environmental, and social impacts in place. The novelty in embedding the co-creation process in urban-planning practice lies in catalyzing resources towards the transposition of research into practice through policy and planning tools for local authorities and decision-makers. Three front-runner cities (Hamburg, London, and Milan) are under investigation as part of Clever Cities—a Horizon 2020 project—aiming at implementing NBS in diverse urban-regeneration processes, through nine up-running Urban Living Labs (ULLs). Grounded on a comparative analysis of these three cities, key characterization for NBS implementation framework could be categorized into: (1) current urban-planning greening strategies in each context, (2) specific environmental and societal challenges addressed, (3) different typologies and scales of NBS integration within urban morphologies, (4) specific governance process as response to co-design and co-implementation processes, and (5) availability of financial investment and main stakeholders. As research results, we emphasize using co-creation approach in urban planning to embed and upscale NBS in an inclusive shared-governance process, hence contributing to social awareness and acceptance. Meanwhile, spatial, and financial challenges could be majorly resolved using a multi-scalar approach to manage newly embedded urban-greening policies at the urban level. Lastly, the implementation scale of NBS with local communities requires a radical paradigmatic shift in societal, individual and administrative urban-planning practices.
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Dubey, Gérard. "Chapitre 1. Approche sociologique. Technocare : un enfer pavé de bonnes intentions ?" In L’avenir des Silver Tech, 27–42. Presses de l’EHESP, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ehesp.miche.2018.01.0027.
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Pennlert, Julia, Björn Ekström, and David Gunnarsson Lorentzen. "Teleoptical Perspectives on Digital Methods: Scientific Claims and Consequences." In Digital Human Sciences: New Objects – New Approaches, 75–102. Stockholm University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.16993/bbk.d.
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Computer-assisted tools have introduced new ways to conduct research in the social sciences and the humanities. Digital methods, as an umbrella term for this line of methodology, have presented new vocabularies that affect research communities from different disciplines. The aim of this chapter is to discuss how digital methods can be understood and scrutinized as procedures of collecting, analyzing, visualizing, and interpreting born-digital and digitized material. We aim to problematize how the embracing of digital methods in the research process paves the way for certain knowledge claims. By adopting a teleoptical metaphor in order to scrutinize three case studies, our aim is to discuss the limitations and the possibilities for digital methods as a way of conducting science and research. The contribution addresses how and to what extent digital methods direct the researcher’s gaze toward particular focal points.
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Chakravarty, Surabhi Mukherjee. "Sensory Branding." In Cases on Branding Strategies and Product Development, 327–65. IGI Global, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-7393-9.ch014.
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This chapter presents sensorial branding approaches in practice and theory. Senses play a vital role in human life. We understand almost everything in life through senses. Sensory branding is an approach through which marketers create better experience of brands. Our senses are our link to memory, which can tap right into emotion. Using senses and their effect on understanding the consumer paves the way for an enriching experience of brand, discriminating their personality, creating a core competence, more interest, preference, and customer loyalty. Sensory branding is the marketing strategy that is investigating the emotional relationships between consumer and the brand through senses. Two cases presented in the chapter are on Starbucks and Apple Inc., which highlight their sensorial strategies for stimulating consumers' relationships and fostering a lasting emotional connection that retains brand loyalty.
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Shelden, Ashley T. "Lesbian Fantasy." In Unmaking Love, 28–56. Columbia University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/columbia/9780231178228.003.0002.
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This chapter reads the figure of the lesbian in both psychoanalysis and modernism as the indicative figure of love itself. Psychoanalysis depicts the lesbian as loving, without desire. Djuna Barnes' modernist classic, Nightwood, builds on this notion of the lesbian, ambivalently situating this figure as both representing amorous fusion and troubling the possibility of such fusion. Barnes' novel paves the way for contemporary rewritings of love and lesbians, which is evidenced by Zadie Smith's and Eleanor Catton's contemporary approaches to negative forms of lesbian love.
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Pandey, Satish Chandra, Anupam Pandey, Tushar Joshi, Veni Pande, Diksha Sati, and Mukesh Samant. "Microbiological Monitoring in the Biodegradation of Food Waste." In Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies, 116–40. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7706-5.ch007.
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Food wastage and its exponential growth emerged as a global environmental issue, and its improper disposal has become a threat to human health and environment. Deterioration of food wastes releases various greenhouse gases that increases global warming and produces large amounts of toxins and foul odors, such as NH3 and H2S. To reduce this burden there is an urgent need to take appropriate measures by adopting standard management strategies. Microorganisms play an important role in food waste recycling, which appears to be cost-effective and causes less harm to the environment. One such process is anaerobic digestion, which has appeared as one of the most promising and eco-friendly approaches for management that converts organic waste into various useful products. Another sustainable approach is composting. Compost generated by food waste improves soil health and regenerates healthier environment. Thus, through the use of microorganisms, the study paves the way for effective management of food waste in order to minimize potential human and environmental risks.
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T. Chakrapani, Anoop. "Biomarkers of Diseases: Their Role in Emergency Medicine." In Neurodegenerative Diseases - Molecular Mechanisms and Current Therapeutic Approaches. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.94509.
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Biomarkers have been playing an increasingly significant role in clinical decision making processes worldwide. Numerous studies are being undertaken across the globe in the elusive search for the ideal biomarker for each clinical condition. In the emergency department, where rapid diagnosis of various diseases like acute coronary syndromes, pulmonary embolism, heart failure, sepsis, acute renal failure etc. is of utmost importance, specific biomarkers can expedite the time to diagnosis and treatment. To enumerate, the following biomarkers have proved their worth within the setting of emergency departments across the world. The role of cardiac troponins and CK-MB has been well established in the clinical algorithms to detect myocardial infarction. Newer markers like Heart Fatty Acid Binding Protein (H-FABP), BNP, Pro BNP as well as Ischemia modified albumin (IMA) are coming into the fray in the detection of cardiovascular emergencies, especially in the detection of heart failure. Novel biomarkers like Mid-region Proadrenomedullin (MR-proADM) are found to be useful in sepsis along with Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), Interleukins and Presepsin in burns patients. Human neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) levels can detect renal failure much earlier than conventional methods. S100 calcium binding protein B (S100B) has been found to be useful in detection of CNS injury and hence can be used to avoid unnecessary radiation to patients in the form of CT scans. Point of care testing of many of these biomarkers in the Emergency department itself paves way for a revolutionary step in faster emergency care delivery and better patient outcomes.
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Raheja, Gaurav, and Amit Hajela. "Accessibility Planning for Higher Education Campuses in India: A Contextual Approach to Universal Design." In Universal Design 2021: From Special to Mainstream Solutions. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/shti210393.
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Accessibility in higher education campuses of India paves way for inclusion.This paper shares perspectives from three diverse campuses from India and highlights the accessibility paradigms in their respective contexts. It further elaborates the contextual measures of accessibility and universal design from these examples with larger focus on physical attributes of accessibility. Challenges of historic and mixed use campus alongwith high ecological footprint pose distinct perspectives to accessible built environments in higher education. Comparative understanding of accessibility through structured metrics and mapping with Universal Design goals leads to development of a framework to assess and guide universal design approach in higher education in similar contexts. It argues that Universal design approach requires a contextual interpretation for contexts like these and may reflect new interpretations to existing theories. New Education Policy by the Government of India and Covid’19 as pandemic have furthered the need and understanding of accessibility in higher education with some degree of universaliaton and some degree of contextualization.
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Ceglowski, Andrzej S., and Leonid Churilov. "Towards Process-of-Care Aware Emergency Department Information Systems." In Developments in Healthcare Information Systems and Technologies, 241–54. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61692-002-9.ch017.
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The critical role of emergency departments (EDs) as the first point of contact for ill and injured patients has presented significant challenges for the elicitation of detailed process models. Patient complexity has limited the ability of ED information systems (EDIS) in prediction of patient treatment and patient movement. This article formulates a novel approach to building EDIS Activity Views that paves the way for EDIS that can predict patient workflow. The resulting Activity View pertains to what is being done, rather than what experts think is being done. The approach is based on analysis of data that is routinely recorded during patient treatment. The practical significance of the proposed approach is clinically acceptable, verifiable, and statistically valid process-oriented clusters of ED activities that can be used for targeted process elicitation, thus informing the design of EDIS. Its theoretical significance is in providing the new middle ground between existing soft and computational process elicitation methods.
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Vincent, Chetail. "Part II Sources, Ch.11 Moving Towards an Integrated Approach of Refugee Law and Human Rights Law." In The Oxford Handbook of International Refugee Law. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198848639.003.0012.
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This chapter highlights the interface between human rights law and refugee law. The broader evolution of international law reflects the changing pattern of refugee protection as initially grounded in the Refugee Convention and subsequently informed by human rights treaties. As a result of a gradual process of pollination, human rights law has shaped, updated, and enlarged refugee law. While revamping the basic tenets of the Refugee Convention, it has become the normative frame of reference. Refugee law and human rights law are now so interdependent that they are bound to work in tandem. Their intermingling paves the way for a human rights-based approach to refugee protection. Instead of regarding the two branches of international law as silos, this new perspective offers a broader vision of refugee protection. This comprehensive design acknowledges that refugee law and human rights law complement and reinforce each other within one single continuum of protection.
Conference papers on the topic "Approche de pavés"
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Cotton, André, Maurice Israël, and Julien Borgel. "Molecular Approach Paves the Way towards High Resilience for Large Mission-Critical Information Systems." In 2008 Second International Conference on Emerging Security Information, Systems and Technologies (SECUREWARE). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/securware.2008.70.
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Xue, Ying, Xiao-Qian Dong, and Chen-Jun Yang. "Numerical Prediction of Cavitation Performance of Controllable Pitch Propellers With Different Pitch Adjustment Velocities." In ASME 2020 39th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2020-18548.
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Abstract The turbulent flow around a cavitating controllable pitch propeller (CPP) is simulated by solving the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations, to investigate the dynamic effects on cavitation when the pitch of propeller blades is changed at different pitch adjustment velocities (PAVs). The process of changing the pitch at prescribed PAVs is controlled by a user-defined function (UDF) in the software FLUENT, and during the process, the time-dependent flow domain is re-discretized at each time step with dynamic meshes. The SST k-ω turbulence model and the cavitation model proposed by Schnerr and Sauer are employed in the simulation. The numerical simulation approach is first validated against model experiments for a fixed pitch propeller (FPP) working in the open water. A grid dependence study is carried out to determine a proper mesh resolution for the simulation of such cavitating flows; then the hydrodynamic performance as well as the extent and volume of the sheet cavities obtained from the RANS simulations are compared with experimental data. Then influences of the PAV on the hydrodynamic performance and cavity geometry are investigated. The CPP blades are rotated around the spindle axes to change the pitch, and the movement is controlled by a UDF. The PAV is prescribed and kept constant in the process of adjusting the pitch. At different PAVs, the unsteady thrust and torque, pressure distributions on blade surfaces and propeller disk, cavity geometry, as well as cavitation volume of the cavitating flow are compared with each other to assess the dynamic effects of the PAV.
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Su, Hai-Jun, Denis V. Dorozhkin, and Judy M. Vance. "A Screw Theory Approach for the Type Synthesis of Compliant Mechanisms With Flexures." In ASME 2009 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2009-86684.
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This paper presents a screw theory based approach for the type synthesis of compliant mechanisms with flexures. We provide a systematic formulation of the constraint-based approach which has been mainly developed by precision engineering experts in designing precision machines. The two fundamental concepts in the constraint-based approach, constraint and freedom, can be represented mathematically by a wrench and a twist in screw theory. For example, an ideal wire flexure applies a translational constraint which can be described a wrench of pure force. As a result, the design rules of the constraint-based approach can be systematically formulated in the format of screws and screw systems. Two major problems in compliant mechanism design, constraint pattern analysis and constraint pattern design are discussed with examples in details. This innovative method paves the way for introducing computational techniques into the constraint-based approach for the synthesis and analysis of compliant mechanisms.
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Vieira, Marcelo Barros de Azevedo, Sérgio Teixeira Carvalho, Fabio Moreira Costa, and David Bromberg. "A Model-Driven Approach for Real-time Role-Based Communication." In Simpósio Brasileiro de Redes de Computadores e Sistemas Distribuídos. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/sbrc.2020.12314.
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Recent years have seen the inception of many domain-specific modelling languages, enabling to overcome some of the main difficulties found in software development. The use of models has a particular impact on the implementation phase, as models tend to be closer to the problems to be solved than code. This paves the way to enable application construction by non-experts in software development, such as domain specialists. In this paper, we exploit the use of models in the domain of real-time communication, which poses significant challenges for application construction due to the multitude and intricacy of the technologies involved. We propose RBCML, a communication modelling language for the high-level specification of real-time communication sessions based on the roles that users play in the sessions. The language is processed using a combination of partial code generation and dynamic model interpretation, resulting in the construction of fully functional communication applications. The paper describes RBCML and its implementation on top of W3C’s Web Real-Time Communication protocols (WebRTC). An evaluation is presented to compare the use of RBCML with code-based development and to characterize the performance of communication session establishment using the language.
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Das, Aditya. "Quantitative Optimization of a Custom Flexible Manufacturing Platform for Assembly and Packaging of Heterogeneous Microsystems." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-63800.
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Manufacturing process for complex and heterogeneous systems in sub-millimeter scale requires several discontinuous and expensive steps. Batch manufacturing approach via legacy semiconductor processes often do not provide a viable solution for such type of product development due to either their inherent limitations of monolithic and in-plane design or commercial unsuitability in cases of low to medium production volumes. Therefore, alternative approaches, such as microassembly techniques, are warranted for this type of advanced manufacturing requirements. However, lack of standards for design and unavailability of off-the-shelf robotic assembly systems, augmented with scaling of physics in micro-domain, eventually renders the highly iterative approach toward product development cycle cost-inefficient and time-consuming. In ordered to deal with this compounded problem in micromanufacturing, it becomes imperative that a holistic approach be employed that develops not only the product but also the system that is used to construct the same. In our work, we demonstrate this concurrent engineering approach through a novel, analytical framework, called as “Design for Multiscale Manufacturability (DfM2)”. This framework, built into an interactive software application, enables the user to estimate common manufacturability metrics such as process yield, cycle time, overall cost and device performance, which improves the decision making in production and paves the pathway to commercialization by reducing the time and cost to market. Furthermore, we also demonstrate the implementation of the DfM2 application in evaluating the manufacturing of heterogeneous microsystems by a custom developed modular and reconfigurable manufacturing cell (MRMC). A real case-study has been discussed for the implementation of the DfM2.
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Arabatti, Trupti, Aswathi Sudhir, and Suhasini Gururaja. "Micromechanics of Damage Development in Polymer Composites." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-36580.
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Damage initiation and progression in uni-directional continuous polymer composites at the microscale has been investigated by considering a 3D Repeating Unit Cell (RUC) with square distribution of fibers. Three damage modes under static loading have been looked at, viz., matrix damage, fiber failure and fiber-matrix debonding. The matrix has been modeled as an isotropic elastic-plastic material via a user material subroutine (UMAT) within the framework of the finite element software Abaqus. In addition, fiber-matrix debonding has been simulated using a traction-separation criterion via Cohesive Zone Modeling (CZM) approach. Finally, a user defined field (USDFLD) has been used to simulate the fiber breakage. The combined effect of matrix-damage, fiber failure and interfacial debonding has then been studied using homogenization principles. Preliminary results from the current modeling approach have been found to be encouraging and this approach paves way for more complex multi-scale damage simulations in heterogeneous materials.
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Phogat, Rahul, Néstor González Díez, Jan Smeulers, Damiano Casalino, and Francesco Avallone. "Analysis of Aeroacoustic Phenomena in Centrifugal Compressors Using a Lattice Boltzmann Flow Simulation Approach." In ASME Turbo Expo 2020: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2020-14157.
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Abstract Impeller rotation, vortex shedding, secondary flows or a combination of these phenomena can lead to the generation of acoustic waves in the compressor cascade causing dynamic pressure loading on the impeller. When the eigenfrequency and eigenmode shape of the acoustic mode match with the structural ones of the impeller, high fatigue stresses and vibrations occur, which can lead to structural failure. It is well known that cavities enclosing shrouded impellers may strongly amplify the acoustic excitation of the impeller by means of Tyler-Sofrin modes; however, little knowledge is available about the physics of flow-induced noise and resonance mechanisms. In this research, a Lattice Boltzmann Method based approach is employed to predict the origin and amplitude of pressure loading responsible for the strong impeller trailing edge vibrations measured in experiments. The results reveal that this is caused by the acoustic mode generated from the interaction of upstream vane wakes with the impeller that is reflected by the return channel vanes. This research highlights the importance of accounting for aeroacoustic mechanisms in the design of centrifugal compressor stages and paves the way towards the numerical assessment of unsteady flow and resonance phenomena.
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Rudolph, Jürgen, Steffen Bergholz, Dalibor Jerinic, and Detlef Rieck. "Determination of Inspection Intervals Based on Realistic Load Monitoring and Fracture Mechanics." In ASME 2019 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2019-93914.
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Abstract Power plant component condition monitoring with respect of fatigue and creep-fatigue requires information about the real operational loading of the component. Load monitoring systems are available on the market for that purpose. The retrieved load information can be further processed in terms of fatigue assessment based on realistic loading. Moreover, the combination of load monitoring, derivation of stress-time-histories for sentinel locations, cycle counting and fracture mechanics based assessment paves the way of substantiated determination and optimization of non-destructive testing (NDT) inspection intervals. This approach enables a continuous structural health monitoring of critical components even in the sense of online-monitoring capabilities. This approach provides — in addition to the established fatigue analysis — concrete decisions for the remaining component lifetime and the maximum inspection intervals. This method can also be used if the previous lifetime consumption is unknown. It basically constitutes an advanced damage tolerance approach. The paper describes a newly developed solution which combines the established Fast Fatigue Evaluation (FFE) approach of Framatome with the THERRI capabilities of TÜV NORD.
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Attari, Vahid, Thien Duong, and Raymundo Arroyave. "Electromigration Response of Microjoints in 3DIC Packaging Systems." In ISTFA 2018. ASM International, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2018p0437.
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Abstract In multilevel 3D integrated packaging, three major microstructures are viable due to the application of low volume of solders in different sizes, and/or processing conditions. Thermodynamics and kinetics of binary compounds in Cu/Sn/Cu low volume interconnection is taken into account. We show that current crowding effects can induce a driving force to cause excess vacancies saturate and ultimately cluster in the form of microvoids. A kinetic analysis is performed for electromigration mediated intermetallic growth using multiphase- field approach. Faster growth of intermetallic compounds (IMCs) in anode layer in the expense of shrinkage of cathode IMC layer in shown. This work paves the road for computationally study the ductile failure due to formation of microvoids in low volume solder interconnects in 3DICs.
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Wang, Jun, Kwun-Lon Ting, and Daxing Zhao. "Equivalent Linkages and Dead Center Positions of Planar Single-DOF Complex Linkages." In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-62306.
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This paper proposes a simple and general approach for the identification of the dead center positions of single-DOF complex planar linkages. This approach is implemented through the first order equivalent four-bar linkages. The first order kinematic properties of a complex planar linkage can be represented by their instant centers. The basic idea behind this method is obvious and straightforward. The condition for the occurrence of a dead center position can be designed as when the three passive joints of the equivalent four-bar linkage become collinear. The proposed method is a general concept in the sense that it can be systematically applied to analyze the dead center positions for any type of single-DOF planar linkages regardless of the number of kinematic loops or the type of the kinematic pairs involved. The velocity method for the dead center analysis is also used to compare the results. The proposed method paves a novel and easy way to analyze the dead center positions for complex planar linkages. This concept is presented for the first time for the dead center analysis of planar complex linkages. Examples of complex linkages are employed to illustrate this concept in this paper.
Reports on the topic "Approche de pavés"
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Perdigão, Rui A. P. Earth System Dynamic Intelligence - ESDI. Meteoceanics, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46337/esdi.210414.
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Earth System Dynamic Intelligence (ESDI) entails developing and making innovative use of emerging concepts and pathways in mathematical geophysics, Earth System Dynamics, and information technologies to sense, monitor, harness, analyze, model and fundamentally unveil dynamic understanding across the natural, social and technical geosciences, including the associated manifold multiscale multidomain processes, interactions and complexity, along with the associated predictability and uncertainty dynamics. The ESDI Flagship initiative ignites the development, discussion and cross-fertilization of novel theoretical insights, methodological developments and geophysical applications across interdisciplinary mathematical, geophysical and information technological approaches towards a cross-cutting, mathematically sound, physically consistent, socially conscious and operationally effective Earth System Dynamic Intelligence. Going beyond the well established stochastic-dynamic, information-theoretic, artificial intelligence, mechanistic and hybrid techniques, ESDI paves the way to exploratory and disruptive developments along emerging information physical intelligence pathways, and bridges fundamental and operational complex problem solving across frontier natural, social and technical geosciences. Overall, the ESDI Flagship breeds a nascent field and community where methodological ingenuity and natural process understanding come together to shed light onto fundamental theoretical aspects to build innovative methodologies, products and services to tackle real-world challenges facing our planet.