Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Approvisionnement en produits locaux'
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Bavec, Simon. "Plateformes collectives d’approvisionnement de produits locaux – performance organisationnelle et implication des agriculteurs." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASB007.
Full textAbstract: Agrofood systems are confronted with numerous socio-economic challenges. In this context, public policies support a transition to more sustainable systems. These public policies stimulate an increase in the volume of local products in public catering. This demand of institutional catering and other professional clients faces several obstacles (e.g. volumes, diversity, and consistency of quality) that cannot be overcome by individual farmers. Recent initiatives such as collective platforms aim to coordinate local food supply chains. To investigate their governance therefore becomes central to support a transition to more sustainable supply chains. The goal of this thesis is to explore the modes of governance of collective platforms through the analysis of 6 case studies in the former Midi-Pyrénées region. Building on the theoretical proposals of transaction costs economics and on the analysis of organizations strategic positioning, the thesis proposes a new appreciation of organizational performance. Beyond explaining the organizational diversity of the platforms, the analysis shows that an alignment of governance structure and strategic positioning generates an organizational performance of collective platforms. Furthermore, the analysis shows that the collective platforms offer weak economic incentives to farmers which are members. In this context, the second part of the thesis looks at the determinants of their involvement and shows that these determinants are mainly socio-economic and subjective. Finally, this study offers recommendations for improving the organizational performance of collective platforms and provides food for thought for public policies that subsidize collective platforms
Arnal, Clément. "LA PLACE ET LE RÔLE DE L'AGRICULTURE À LA PÉRIPHÉRIE DES VILLES MOYENNES. Le cas des villes d'Annecy, Bourg-en-Bresse, Montbrison et Romans-sur-Isère." Phd thesis, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00762097.
Full textPalacios, Arguello Laura Vanessa. "Characterization and assessment of distribution schemes for food supply and distribution systems considering environmentally sensitive demand." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2019. https://theses.hal.science/tel-02862123.
Full textThis thesis addresses the research question of how demand requirements for eco-responsible and local products may impact the food supply distribution configuration. In other words, how to configure urban food systems to satisfy a demand for eco-responsible food products. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to explore how to estimate the relationship between a demand for eco-responsible and food distribution configuration considering economic and environmental issues.The thesis is a compilation of three phases:• Eco-responsible food demand: It seeks to identify the product's environmental quality criteria that impact product demand and how these demand's characteristics can be used to describe the requirements of logistic schemes for sustainable distribution.• Food supply chain configuration: Considering these new requirements, this phase aims to describe the food supply chain strategies that achieve a sustainable food distribution addressed in the literature, and to analyse how these strategies identified impact logistic decisions in the supply chain.• Food supply chain assessment: It attempts to analyse the estimation of economic and environmental indicators that may represent the impacts generated in the configuration of the different food distribution schemes proposed.The results highlight a framework proposal, aiming to understand how changes in a current food distribution system can be identified and quantified (in a logic of before-after scenario assessment). This framework includes: (i) Logistic decisions to be considered in the distribution system at strategic and tactical level. (ii) Food system characterization to define an initial situation (stakeholders, demand and supply characterization), and the demand and supply estimation; (iii) Scenario construction to analyse scenarios to be tested; and (iv) Scenario assessment to identify and assess economic and environmental impacts of the food distribution system, including tests and expert feedback to validate the scenarios proposed
Awono, Abdon. "Enjeux et dynamiques de l’exploitation des Produits Forestiers Non-Ligneux au Cameroun." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MON30053.
Full textThe involvement of rural people in forest management is determinant in sustainable management of forests. These people are relying on forest products, especially Non timber forest products they have been collecting for centuries. A good understanding of the valuing conditions of these products is essential in the Congo Basin. The implication of the private sector in adding value to NTFP is another challenge that will be analyzed in my thesis. By giving more attention to NTFP we create the conditions of equity in forest management. Overall the work attached to this thesis is important for sustainable forest management in Cameroon. Many articles, books and book chapters were published on the issue and number of presentations has been given during international conferences related to forests
Bachasson, Marielle. "La cellulite et les produits amincissants locaux." Aix-Marseille 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX22602.
Full textBurmeister, Antje. "Contribution à l'analyse des marchés publics comme instrument de politique industrielle : évaluation des politiques d'achat." Paris 13, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA131012.
Full textOur evaluation of public prrocurement policies takes into account market structure, the nature of transactions and the organization of the purchasing process, the product life cycle, and the conditions of implementation of the policy. Government purchasing produces important effects on industry structure, conduct and performance. The main result of our empirical and conceptual analysis is that public purchasing can be a relevant instrument of industrial policy under specific conditions, in particular at the beginning of the product life cycle, in an open industrial setting characterized by radical uncertainty, when the market power of the government is sufficient and when government behaves as a risk-taking quality leader. Our empirical analyses deal with federal, state and local procurement policies in the united states and comparisons with canada and france, in particular in the computer industry, supercomputers and semiconductors, railroad transportation equipment, environmental clean-up, aerospace, and machine tools
Gu, Wenjuan. "Problèmes de tournées de véhicules avec plusieurs produits et applications à la livraison de produits frais en circuits courts et locaux." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ECLI0013.
Full textWe study vehicle routing problems considering multiple commodities, with applications in the local fresh food supply chains. The studied supply chain contains two echelons with three sets of actors: suppliers, distribution centers and customers. Suppliers are farmers that produce some fresh foods. Distribution centers are in charge of consolidation and delivery of the products to customers. Distribution centers collect products from the suppliers that perform direct trips. Products are delivered to the customers with a fleet of vehicles performing routes. Each customer requires several commodities, and the farmers produce a limited quantity of these commodities. For the minimization of the transportation cost, it is beneficial that a single customer is delivered by several vehicles. However, for the convenience of the customer, it is imposed that a single commodity is delivered at once by a single vehicle. Hence, different commodities have been considered. The complete problem is named Multi-Commodity two-echelon Distribution Problem (MC2DP). The restricted problem that addresses only the delivery from a single distribution center is named Commodity constrained Split Delivery Vehicle Routing Problem (C-SDVRP). We first propose a heuristic based on the Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search (ALNS) for the C-SDVRP. Then, we address the whole problem (MC2DP) with collection and delivery operations and multiple distribution centers. In order to tackle this complex problem, we propose to decompose the problem: collection and delivery are sequentially solved. Furthermore, we develop an integrated approach for the MC2DP to improve the solutions obtained by the sequential approach
Verdeil, Véronique. "Marchés locaux de l'eau : pratiques et territoires de l'approvisionnement en eau à Metro Cebu, Philippines." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082233.
Full textBetter understanding the demand for water is a crucial issue in the efforts to improve urban dwellers' access to water, especially amongst the poor. In Metro Cebu, a secondary city in the Philippines, water supply is very diversified, whether it be spatially or in number and level of services available. Facing such choices, households without private connections try to benefit from this range of opportunities: they feel all the more satisfied that they can minimize their constraints in water collection and use. The analysis of users' behaviors and everyday practices shows very distinctive features within the local water market. The latter is anchored in neighboring areas and not exclusively based on market-oriented deals, hence being regulated by peculiar mechanisms of socialization and offer's re-appropriation. These findings will help consider alternative options to re-frame water supply services in developing cities
Husi, Philippe. "La céramique de Tours du XIVe au XVIIe siècle : essai de détermination des produits locaux et des produits importés à partir du mobilier des fouilles de Tours." Tours, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOUR2030.
Full textIn the first part, firstly we present the main aspects of the researches about medieval pottery in France and England in the last 30 years ; secondly a critical analyses of the archaeological contexts wich have been chosen is presented ; thirdly the methods and technics wich have been used for this particular research are explained. The second part deals with the chrono-typology based on a quantative study and a certain number of statistical analysis. 35000 sherds, which are attributed to 81 fabrics and 82 sharpes, have been examined and all the data have been computerized. The chrono-typological results allow us non only to follow the evolution of each type but also to compare the artefacts found in domestic contexts to those from production contexts. In the third part, local fabrics and imported types are compared from a chronological and quantitative point of view. Doing so, we try to determine the connections between tours and other places
Fortier, Julie, and Julie Fortier. "Pratiques, perceptions et attitudes des consommateurs de la Communauté métropolitaine de Québec à l'égard des aliments locaux." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37158.
Full textNombreux sont les pays, régions, villes et communautés dans le monde, notamment au Québec, qui tournent maintenant leur regard vers leur propre système alimentaire dans le but d’en analyser les forces et faiblesses. La présente étude constitue l’un des volets du projet REPSAQ : Vers une alimentation territorialisée et durable : une recherche participative pour comprendre le système alimentaire de Québec. Ce mémoire présente les résultats de l’analyse du maillon « consommation » du système alimentaire de Québec, qui s’intéresse plus précisément aux consommateurs de la Communauté métropolitaine de Québec (CMQ). Les deux phases successives de cette étude ont permis de mieux comprendre les pratiques et habitudes d’un échantillon de consommateurs à l’égard des aliments produits localement, d’en vérifier les liens avec la qualité nutritionnelle de l’alimentation et d’explorer les barrières et facilitants perçus à la consommation d’aliments locaux selon la Théorie du comportement planifié. Les résultats, rapportés sous forme d’un score Locavore, illustrent un faible recours aux circuits courts de distribution alimentaire ainsi qu’une faible consommation d’aliments produits dans la région ou la province de Québec chez les participants. Une association modeste mais significative entre la qualité nutritionnelle de l’alimentation et le score Locavore a été identifiée. De plus, bien que les attitudes des consommateurs soient très positives à l’égard des aliments locaux, il semble que plusieurs barrières liées à l’offre et au prix nuisent au comportement. Par ailleurs, les grands consommateurs d’aliments locaux paraissent plus informés sur le système alimentaire en général et engagés dans la « cause » de l’alimentation locale alors que les consommateurs occasionnels recherchent plutôt la commodité dans leurs choix alimentaires. Une meilleure promotion, une stratégie d’éducation et de sensibilisation des consommateurs ainsi qu’une modification des stratégies de distribution comptent parmi les pistes identifiées pour favoriser la consommation d’aliments locaux.
Many countries, regions, cities and communities around the world, particularly in Quebec, are now investigating their own food systems in order to analyze their strengths and weaknesses. This study is part of the REPSAQ project: Vers une alimentation territorialisée et durable : une recherche participative pour comprendre le système alimentaire de Québec. This dissertation presents the results of the analysis of the "consumption" link in the Québec City food system, which focuses more specifically on Québec Metropolitan Community’s consumers. The two consecutive phases of this study provided a better understanding of the practices and habits of a sample of consumers with respect to locally produced foods, verified their associations with diet quality and explored perceived barriers and facilitators to the consumption of local foods according to the Theory of Planned Behaviour. The results, reported as a Locavore score, illustrate a low use of short food supply chains and a low consumption of food produced in the region or province of Québec among participants. A modest but significant association between the diet quality and the Locavore score has been identified. In addition, although consumer attitudes towards local foods were very positive, it appears that several barriers such as limited offer and high prices affect behaviour. On the other hand, high consumers of local foods appear to be more informed about the food system in general and engaged in the "cause" of local food, while low consumers seek convenience in their food choices and provisioning schemes. Better promotion, an appropriate consumer education and awareness strategy, and a change in distribution strategies are among the avenues identified to promote the consumption of local food.
Many countries, regions, cities and communities around the world, particularly in Quebec, are now investigating their own food systems in order to analyze their strengths and weaknesses. This study is part of the REPSAQ project: Vers une alimentation territorialisée et durable : une recherche participative pour comprendre le système alimentaire de Québec. This dissertation presents the results of the analysis of the "consumption" link in the Québec City food system, which focuses more specifically on Québec Metropolitan Community’s consumers. The two consecutive phases of this study provided a better understanding of the practices and habits of a sample of consumers with respect to locally produced foods, verified their associations with diet quality and explored perceived barriers and facilitators to the consumption of local foods according to the Theory of Planned Behaviour. The results, reported as a Locavore score, illustrate a low use of short food supply chains and a low consumption of food produced in the region or province of Québec among participants. A modest but significant association between the diet quality and the Locavore score has been identified. In addition, although consumer attitudes towards local foods were very positive, it appears that several barriers such as limited offer and high prices affect behaviour. On the other hand, high consumers of local foods appear to be more informed about the food system in general and engaged in the "cause" of local food, while low consumers seek convenience in their food choices and provisioning schemes. Better promotion, an appropriate consumer education and awareness strategy, and a change in distribution strategies are among the avenues identified to promote the consumption of local food.
Koffi, Emmanuel Gle. "Qualification des produits agricoles locaux et indications géographiques en Afrique de l’ouest : cas du riz de Kovie au Togo." Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NSARE031.
Full textFor over two decades, there has been increased worldwide interest in the development ofgeographical indications for products whose quality is linked to origin. However, in WestAfrican, where there are enough specific local farm specific products, these products do notbenefit from this tool for recognition and protection. Moreover, few empirical studies existon this subject on this region. The aim of the present study was to analyze the relevance of themarket for a quality product related to the geographical origin and the credibility of thequalification of the product. Rice was chosen because it is increasingly consumed in Africa. Moreover, the increased availability of imported rice in local markets may prompt consumersto choose between imported and local rice. The information economy, the economy of conventions and the economy of proximity wereused to understand the recognition of quality of product, the ranking of its attributes byconsumers and specific quality construction by actors of the chain. The hedonic pricingmethod was used to assess consumer willingness to pay. The data analyzed in this study came from field surveys of producers, consumers, retailersand public and private actors conducted in 2008 and 2009. Data were analyzed with XlStatsoftware
Lançon, Frederic. "Circuits commerciaux, marchés et politique d'approvisionnement des villes en Afrique de l'ouest : l'exemple des produits vivriers au Togo." Paris 10, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA100061.
Full textSince the beginning of the eigties, the falling down of the food resources is one of the major economic problems in West Africa. For supply side economists, governments' interventions had largely contribute to increase this deficit; for them, the reduction of the supply-demand gap could only rely on the market economy. The Togo’s case shows effectivly that, since the beginning of the century, a private trading system was able to feed urban areas. But the efficicy of this structure is limited. It's not able to manage completly the uncertainty which is inherent in any imperfect market system. So, the improvment of the market efficiency depends on the ablity of the state to rule the market economy of staple foodstuff. But, the improvment of market efficiency of the trading system and incentives in terms of prices may be not sufficient to encourage the transformation of the structure of production, since this rural society is still and mainly a subsistence oriented economy
Caprice, Stéphane. "Contribution à l'analyse de la puissance d'achat dans les relations verticales : interactions stratégiques et marques de distributeurs." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010078.
Full textBelkadi, Ahmed. "L'approvisionnement d'El Jadida : en fruits, légumes, viande et lait." Tours, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989TOUR1003.
Full textThe modest nature of el jadida's market, the importante of the agricultural production of its hinterland and the proximity of casablanca (the important morocan bulking and distribution market of fruits and vegetables) are the main factors that determine the city's supply of dairy, meat and vegetable products. Dairy and meat comes from the region of doukkala. The commercialization channel of red meat has a short distribution chaines, while white meat and dairy have various channels. Vegetable goods come from regions other than doukkala. However, the latter has a predominance on the diversified distribution system. The dairy industry of doukkala and its wholsale market, through bulking and distribution of other products, are today giving el jadida the means to control its hinterland
El-Ghaish, Shady Nabil Rashed. "Usage des bactéries lactiques issues de produits laitiers fermentés ou de fromages locaux obtenus en Egypte dans la protéolyse des protéines du lait afin de diminuer leurs propriétés allergéniques et dans l'obtention de produits antimicrobiens." Nantes, 2011. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=b7546415-6795-4be6-8ea9-b7fbd47c219e.
Full textThe strains used in this study were identified by 16s rDNA amplification and sequencing as : Lactobacillus fermentum IFO3956, Lactobacillus rhamnosus LMS2, Lactobacillus plantarum JDM1, Enterococcus faecium DO623, Enterococcus faecium E1162, Enterococcus faecium C68, Enterococcus faecalis HH22 and Enterococcus faecalis T8. All these strains showed a strong proteolytic activity. The strains Lactobacillus fermentum IFO3956 and Lactobacillus plantarum JDM1 included PrtP protease, while the strain Lactobacillus rhamnosus LMS2 contain PrtR protease. No presence of genes encoding proteases PrtB and PrtH has been detected in all strains tested. Proteases produces by Lactobacillus fermentum IFO3956, Lactobacillus rhamnosus LMS2 and Lactobacillus plantarum JDM1 may be classified as P III type, since they proteolysed s1-, s2 and -caseins. Depending on the reduced recognition and binding by IgE of s1-, and -caseins hydrolyzed by Lb. Fermentum IFO3956, Lactobacillus rhamnosus LMS2 and Lactobacilus plantarum JDM1 these straine may be used for the production of milk products with reduced s1-and - caseins immuno-reactivity. The active strains (Enterococcus faecium TX1330 and Enterococcus faecium E980) isolated from Egyptian dairy products were proved capable of producing a variety of bacteriocins (ent A, ent B, ent P and ent L50A) with considerable activity against Listeria monocytogenes. Analysis of Enterococcus faecium TX1330 and Enterococcus faecium E980 by the methods of molecular biology has revealed the absence of the virulence factor genes (asal, cyl A and cyl B, ace, efaAfs, and espfm) as compared with a positive strain (Enterococcus faecalis MM4594). Based on the obtained results showing that the two studied strains producers of enterocins were devoid of virulence factors and mostly sensitive to antibiotics, Enterococcus faecium TX1330 and Enterococcus faecium E980 may be used as safe and useful starter cultures or co-cultures
Rodier, Loïc. "Matériaux de construction en zone tropicale humide : Potentialités de sous-produits ou de matériaux naturels locaux en substitution ou addition à la matrice cimentaire." Thesis, Antilles-Guyane, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AGUY0804/document.
Full textThe incorporation of crop wastes or natural materials in the cement matrix confers interesting properties to composites prepared. The aim of this thesis is to develop a material that can reach the mechanical, thermal and durability requirements for building materials in the humid tropical zone. Firstly, pozzolanic activity of a natural pozzolan, bamboo stem and sugar cane bagasse ashes has been determined. Influence of their incorporation on mechanical properties and durability of mortars exposed to chloride and sulphate ions was studied. Secondly, influence of addition of bagasse fibers on thermal and mechanical properties of composites was studied as a function of various parameters (fibers content, curing, type of cement matrix).These results has shown that the materials studied have pozzolanic activity and it is possible to incorporate them into the cement to fight against corrosion. Moreover, composites elaborated with bagasse fibers are more insulating than those elaborated without fibers. However, from the viewpoint of mechanical properties, incorporation of bagasse fibers decreases flexural strength of composites in the present work and under the conditions producing procedures that were adopted
Lamani, Ouassila. "Institutions et acteurs locaux dans la valorisation des produits de terroir : quelle démarche locale de valorisation de l'huile d’olive de Beni-Maouche en Kabylie ?" Thesis, Montpellier, SupAgro, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NSAM0061/document.
Full textAlgeria is one of the main Mediterranean countries where the climate is more conducive to the cultivation of olive trees. Concentrated in the mountains of Kabylie, olive oil represents all the land productions that suffer most from the lack of proven professional organization. The need to revitalize the olive oil sector in Algeria has become a major necessity. Therefore, the objective of our research is to identify the actors involved in the processes of production, transformation (Maâsras) and olive oil marketing with in our study area. Our research also aims at analyzing the institutional arrangements as well as formal or informal relations in the sector, in order to assess the constraints that hamper the valorization of this local product, and then question the introduction of institutional change to correct or improve the level of performance and sustainability of the sector. Our empirical application to the town of Beni Maouche in Kabylia, has demonstrated that the future of the olive-oil, from this region depends on the local actor's capacity to be involved and on the institutional support in maintaining the source link and trust together with maintaining proximity
Mateos, Monica. "L'investissement direct étranger et les formes de coordination du sytème alimentaire : le cas de l'Argentine." École nationale supérieure agronomique (Montpellier), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ENSA0014.
Full textBai, Clotilde Kai. "Organisation spatiale de la distribution des produits vivriers agricoles : réflexions à partir de l'exemple de la Côte-d’Ivoire." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010585.
Full textIvory Cost economic growth is based on the numerous natural and human resources of agriculture. Among the first world producers of coffee and cocoa, this country is still bound to import a large part of its food consumption, mainly cereals. Several surveys on the fundamental reasons of i. C's food problems have pointed out the socio-economical phenomena specific to the general organisation of food distribution. We have delbierately chosen not to focus on the economical aspects only in order to shwo these phenomena in a spatial frame they help to understand. Considering that i. C. 's territory is the support of an economical activity it shelters, our problematic relies on the following questions: how do the food distirbution systems incite a particular shape of spatial organisation in the areas of the territory and mutually, how does the spatial organisation influence the food distribution in ivory cost? The answers to those questions are in the survey of agricultural economy, of geographical space and of social relations in Ivory Cost
Tsamoye, Pacôme. "La mondialisation des échanges agricoles : quels impacts sur la sécurité alimentaire au Gabon et au Cameroun ?" Nantes, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NANT3031.
Full textFrenoux, Clément. "Instituts et transactions : déterminants et performances des services non conventionnels d'approvisionnement en eau dans les villes en développement : le cas des entrepreneurs privés locaux dans les petits centres." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU10069/document.
Full textSmall-scale private operators, informal water vendors, non-state providers… new stakeholders are participating in water supply governance in developing cities. Previously ignored, they are today drawing growing attention from the international community as they question the governance modalities of network industries in the Global South. Heterogeneous and composite, of local origin, adapted to the demands of end-users, alternative services would be highly flexible, thus adapted to the particular environment of developing cities. They also would be able to provide new funds and to ensure sustainability of water supply services in long or shorter term. However, there is little theoretical research in economics undertaken on this topic. We are confirming this through an unpublished bibliometric analysis. This PhD aims consequently to provide theoretical and empirical elements to fill this gap. Adopting a critical stance, it intends to highlight the postulates and unconfirmed efficiency assumptions of this particular governance structure. Thereafter, it mobilizes New Institutional Economics concepts, offering an original analytical framework on the determinants and efficiency of alternatives services. Through an extensive field survey conducted in Cambodia, we criticize the competitive character of this type of governance which is a priori supposed to ground it. We show the impact of transaction costs on the organizational arrangements related to the conditions of water resource access. Beyond the rhetoric of private sector efficiency, we also stress the importance to take into account non-sectoral organizational arrangements. We finally underline the key role of informal norms in reducing the uncertainties of the institutional environment. We nevertheless conclude on the potential difficulties to institutionalize this(hose) governance(s) structure(s) as they are locked in an institutional path-dependence
Aubrée, Marc. "Analyse expérimentale du sillage et des efforts locaux produits par un écoulement uniforme sur une structure courbe de section circulaire : contribution à l'étude de la trainée des cables." Le Havre, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LEHA0006.
Full textJannot, Yves. "Production d'eau, d'air frais et conservation des produits par des procédés solaires rustiques : possibilités d'application en zone sahélienne." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPL076N.
Full textSlimani, Kahina. "Produits biocides désinfectants dans les produits laitiers : méthodes quantitatives d'analyse des résidus et étude de l'impact des procédés de transformation du lait sur l'apparition de produits néoformés selon des approches d'analyse ciblée et non ciblée par spectrométrie de masse." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1B011/document.
Full textThe thesis work focuses on the presence of disinfectants biocides in dairy products and on the impact of milk processing on the possible appearance of process-induced food contaminants related to the exposition of milk with biocides. Disinfectants biocides are chemicals daily used in the dairy industry in cleaning-disinfection (CD) processes of food contact surfaces. Quaternary ammoniums as benzalkonium chloride (BACs) and dialkyldimethylammonium chloride (DDACs), and the Aminopropyldodecylpropane diamine are the most widely used disinfectants in dairy industry. These biocides can lead residues on the surfaces of food contact materials therefore present a health risk for the consumer. With aim of measuring consumers exposure, two reliable analytical methods have been developed for the analysis of these substances in dairy products involving liquid chromatography hyphenated with tandem mass spectrometry. Raw cow's milk, whole milk powder, hard pressed and processed cheeses were selected as representing the diversity of dairy products. The evaluation of the performances of each of the methods was carried out by the global approach based on the accuracy profile. For most of compounds and matrices studied, analytical methods were validated within the range of 5 to 150 μg/kg. To answer to the questioning of the impact of milk processes on biocides disinfectants residues, the evolution of compounds contents and their fate in the various matrices resulting from the milk were studied. For this, two proof-of-concept studies implementing global chemical fingerprint comparisons, acquired by High Resolution Mass Spectrometry, of processed cheese and hard pressed cheese (contaminated vs control) samples were carried out. These studies allowed to detect 4 discriminant ions linked to the presence of biocides in processed cheese. Their identification remains to be done. Whole this work is related for food safety purposes. The first part was linked to elaborate targeted analytical methods for biocides residues in milk and milk products thus allowing the measurement of biocides residues on food. These measurements are necessary for the risk analysis linked to these residues. The second part is in relation with the question of the behavior of biocides residues within milk processing presenting the strategy, the results we could obtain and the perspective for future works
Cepeda, Forero Iván Mauricio. "Sécurité de fourniture électrique, intégration des marchés et développement des produits intermittentes : analyse de l'évolution du traitement d'un bien collectif." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0090.
Full textThis thesis deals with the economic analysis of the long-term security of supply in liberalized electricity markets. The electricity reforms that lead to an increasing integration of electricity markets, as well as the recent renewable promotion policies, add two new issues to ensure long-term security of supply which are the research axes of this thesis. The first research axis shows that the effectiveness of different long-term security of supply is necessarily influenced by the integration of electricity markets based on the conventional perspective of the effectiveness of competition by market integration. We rely on a formal analysis in investment dynamics in two integrated electricity markets to show how the lack of harmonization between local adequacy policies may lead to undesirable side effects in regional electricity markets, which has implications for the effective functioning of national markets. The second research axis shows that large-scale wind power development based on renewable promotion policies disturb the long-term equilibrium creating negative externalities for investment in conventional generation and for long-term security of supply. This thesis shows as well that capacity mechanisms can compensate for the externalities of large-scale wind power development. This compensation takes the form of a penalty for the low contribution of wind power to system long-term security of supply, giving it a much lower value. This compensation takes the form of a penalty for the low contribution of wind power to system long-term security of supply, giving it a much lower value
Bourges, Leticia A. "La distinction du produit agricole et du produit agroalimentaire dans la dynamique du droit rural." Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010266.
Full textDes, Roberts Marilou. "Produit ici, consommé ici : évaluation du potentiel productif et de l'adéquation entre production et consommation alimentaire pour les régions de Québec et Chaudière-Appalaches." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/32528.
Full textBased mainly on industrial, specialized and increasingly concentrated agriculture, the food system of the industrialized countries is now highly criticized because of its negative externalities on the environment, land use and employment. In order to reconnect food and agriculture and to reduce the distances traveled by food, many initiatives seek to reduce the number of intermediaries in the food system and bring geographically closer production and consumption. In Canada, large cities have programs that promote local food. We developed a methodology and a model to answer these questions: Would we be able to meet all our needs through local production? If not, in which proportion? From available statistics, we evaluated the potential production of the regions under study (Capitale-Nationale and Chaudière-Appalaches) and then analyzed the adequacy between production and food consumption. Results show that the studied territory could produce up to 155% of the calories needed by its population, but livestock farming pulls the theoretical coverage of food needs down to 38%. The actual coverage rate of local needs by local products varies from less than 5% to more than 400%, depending on the food item. This percentage is unique to the region, but our model could be applied at different scales, and in any region. A field survey allowed us to seek the representation of agri-food stakeholders in the local food issue. All stakeholders are in favor of relocating food. On the other hand, they all believe that the price of local food is higher, which does not play in favor of local food. Key words: local food system, local food, food production capacity, food self-sufficiency, foodshed, calorie, Quebec.
Résumé en espagnol
Donmez, Mehmet. "Supplier integration into product development : an inter-organizational and product integration perspective." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM2009.
Full textThis thesis explores the role of inter-organizational integration and product integration as two constituent dimensions of supplier integration into product development with three essays. The first essay is a systematic review of literature on supplier integration. It identifies product integration as a dimension that is scarcely incorporated in the conceptualization of supplier integration. In order to fill the gaps identified in the literature review, we build a conceptual model that incorporates concepts from Information Processing Theory and Modularity Theory. The second essay investigates this conceptual model with an embedded case study in a defense company. This essay shows that the governance of the relationship between a buyer and a supplier is related to an understudied concept in the product design literature, namely product interfaces. The third essay is a theoretical development of product interfaces as an element that determines product and organization design. This essay defines micro-foundational interface properties theoretically and provides examples from the telecommunications, automotive and aircraft industries as supportive evidence. Overall, this thesis points out the importance of product interfaces as elements that can increase information processing requirements of supplier integration into product development
Nsamzinshuti, Alexis. "Développement et application d'un modèle intégré d'analyse de la performance des chaînes logistiques de l’agribusiness." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/263601.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Crombé, Laure. "Enjeux d’échelles, enjeux politiques : l’approvisionnement et l’accès à l’eau dans les quartiers périphériques du grand Khartoum (Soudan)." Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100013/document.
Full textStarting from the urban history of three peripheral districts of the Greater Khartoum urban area, this thesis analyses the transformations of the water supply due to neoliberal reforms. The transition from local water supply systems to central and public networks involves embedded negotiations around water. The scalar and temporal perspective used in this work underlines important restructurings of power relations linked to infrastructures and control over the resource. First, the politic of down-scaling from the governmental actor, the Khartoum State Water Corporation (KSWC), leads to the development of local water supply systems, either by an association, or by the popular committees. This politics of down-scaling water supply reinforces discriminatory categories of space and service which are integrated by others actors like NGOs, local managers and the population. Secondly, the intensification of neoliberal reforms entails the restructuring of water service at the urban level. KSWC’s networks and administration expansion contributes to the redistribution of technical responsibilities and water powers. This turn does not lead to the disintegration of the central authority, but rather to a restructuration of the state apparatus in the urban space. When networks arrive, the scalar strategies and practices of local actors and population give evidence of changes in the State-Society relationships. Finally, the scalar approach of relations around water underlines the integration of authoritarian forms of power
Bassangui, Jean-Marie. "L'approvisionnement en poisson de la ville de Bangui, République centrafricaine." Bordeaux 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR30034.
Full textSupplying the city of Bangui with fish essentially lies upon an intra and peri-urban production as far as fresh fish is concerned. Fishing products from surrounding regions are essentially intended to be sold. As far the rest of the country, real problems of accessibility to different producing areas (the northern part of the country, haut-Oubangui region), those of their being regularly supplied with fishing tackles (traditional techniques), the importance of self-consumption added to drastic natural calamities (drought) in these last years can but reduce the very potentialities of these regions and so cut their part in fully supplying Bangui with fish to nearly nothing. Therefore, pisciculture has been very important for many years because of some development plans (o. A. F. , d. U. N. P. . . . ). At the same time it appears that saltwater fish produced from the Atlantic side of central Africa has a real tendancy to play a greater part insofar as freshwater fish production in getting more and more difficult. On the other hand, one can notice that at any level of the process, specific irregularity factors such as seasonal variations in fish production, tremendous supply problems due to communication routes, a great number of middlewomen, high price of fish appear and properly show how this activity lacks efficient organization in supplying and marketing as well. So the consumption of fish, known to be very rich in proteins but all the same a bit expensive in Bangui is reduced (15 kg per capita in a year). Finally, one can also
Lazzaoui, Najoua. "Les réactions des consommateurs locaux à l'implantation des formats de distribution alimentaire moderne dans les pays émergents : enjeux et implications pour les acteurs." Thesis, Paris Est, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PEST0086.
Full textThe introduction of modern food retail formats in the emerging countries' commercial landscape raises questions on the impact it causes on the local buyers' consumption and shopping behavior. Anchored in the local culture, the persistence of traditional business coupled with the implementation of modern retail chains that put forth an ‘idealistic' image of the Western societies causes tensions on consumers' native tastes and habits. This doctoral research explores the cultural meanings given by consumers to shopping and consumption practices in these countries based on a large ethnographic qualitative study performed in Morocco. Results show that the introduction of modern sales formats in emerging markets where socio-cultural values differ from those of the importing countries causes hybrid behaviors or selective adoption practices to emerge through which consumers try to articulate contrasted codes and symbolic dimensions in an effort to give meaning to their consumption. In addition, the dual distribution system accentuates the social class game amplifying trends in social status tagging through the staging of consumption (as per Goffman) and the appropriation of the retail spaces. Furthermore, if the introduction of new retail formats is a real threat to traditional retailers, it favors by the same token the reorganization of this sector, the diversification of the activities by its actors as well as the enhancement of their management practices
Druguet, Aurélie. "De l'invention des paysages à la construction des territoires : les terrasses des Ifugaos (Philippines) et des Cévenols (France)." Phd thesis, Museum national d'histoire naturelle - MNHN PARIS, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00543861.
Full textFoucher, Laurent. "La réponse d'une direction des achats pour intégrer et suivre les projets tout au long d'un cycle de développement." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0192/document.
Full textThe global subject of the thesis is in line with the continuous improvement method withinindustrial company. Our target is to analyse what would be the answer coming from thepurchasing organization to interface with New Project Development (NPD). Basically, toinsure their future industrial company must integrate their supplier base in NPD phases.Our study is based around six main axes : the context and the target of NPD, NPD globalorganization, human resources (project buyer tasks and competences), the relationshipbetween purchasing and suppliers inside Early Supplier Involvement (ESI) processesincluding a special focus on innovation and responsible approach, purchasing process tomanage NPD and finally future evolution (continuous improvement). Those axes are includedin four parts. The first part describes current issues in industrial industry in terms of quality,production capacity, permanent structure evolution, customer expectation and their impacton the purchasing organization. The second part shows the bibliographical research aboutthe state of the art and makes a deeper analysis of the first part topics. The third partpresents the research method chosen (DELPHI), how the questionnaire has been createdand the data collection and analysis processes (date code). Finally, the fourth part is fullydedicated to the 14 expert interview analysis. We introduce 13 recommendations to improvethe purchasing performance within the NPD. In order to implement those recommendationswe suggest to follow rules describe in a special guide. This guide is made to present a biggroup « best practice », also to give some guideline to the tier 2 suppliers in order to changetheir own organization and to better understand how their customers work in NPD. At theend, our thesis intends to enlarge the purchasing view within industry above the basic visionon company productivity support
Tamini, Lota Dabio. "Le rôle du paiement initial de la Commission canadienne du blé en information imparfaite et analyse des conséquences d'une réduction des tarifs et des subventions - internes et à l'exportation - en présence d'un lien vertical entre les produits." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25174/25174.pdf.
Full textRivoal, Solène. "La Materia del pesce : structures, gestion et organisation des approvisionnements de Venise en produits de la mer au XVIIIe siècle." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0093.
Full textThis study analyses how the city of Venice managed to supply its fish markets in the 18th century, an organization system that involved actors, practices, spaces, and government strategies. The analyze focuses initially on the fish, which means to start by specifying the specimens that were captured to assess the production rhythms. All the mentioned aspects defined the exploitation system of this product, which became a crucial food resource for the city. In Venice, everybody ate seafood in their everyday life, from nobles to popolani. Such a remarkable place of the fish as basic food resulted in intensive reflections by the government and by the actors involved in the markets (merchants, fishermen, or fishmongers). They were particularly concerned about the management, the exploitation, and also the protection of these resources. Therefore, this study is related to historiography in several manners: Environmental history, Social history, and the History of the institutions; and it uses some approaches from Urban history and Economical history as well.The aim of this research is to determine how a management system of a capital resource for the city could be created and negotiated, a complex plan that involved political knowledge, technical skills, and particular uses of the exploitation of the lagoon. This interaction between politics and technique evolved during the 18th century, a period in which the economic life changed deeply. The materia del pesce, an expression used by the Venetian government, became a subject of negotiation between the authorities and the fish market actors
Yobom, Oudah. "Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security in Sahel." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UBFCG001.
Full textThis thesis deals with the impact of climate change on agriculture and food security in the Sahel zone that we define as a region comprising 12 countries and 52 agroecological zones within these countries. The study area covers Burkina Faso, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Somalia, Sudan and Chad. The situation in this part of the world is strongly impacted by climate change because agriculture, largely rainfed, plays an important economic role there. Climate change is then expected to have an impact on food production, which will make food availability and access even more difficult.From a theoretical point of view, this thesis aims to feed the literature on climate change and its effects on agricultural sectors in the world, particularly in the Sahel, by focusing on agroecological zones. From an empirical point of view and by using a range of statistical and econometric techniques, this thesis takes into account the agricultural and climatic characteristics of each country and agroecological zones of the Sahel.In the first chapter, we deal with the issue of climate change and variability based on precipitation and temperature during the different seasons of the countries and agroecological zones of the Sahel. Using a linear regression model and an endogenous structural change model, we show that countries and agroecological zones are indeed affected by climate change and that the year 1980 is an essential point in explaining this phenomenon for both scales. We also show that desert and arid areas suffered a large number of shocks from 1901 to 2016, with the exception of Nigeria, where wetlands and non-desert areas suffered several shocks.In the second chapter, we study the relationship between climate change and variability, measured by temperature and precipitation conditions in the rainy seasons, and agricultural production at country level and at the level of agroecological zones in the Sahel. Focusing on an agricultural production index and five cereals (corn, millet, sorghum, wheat and rice), we study this relationship using an original database with socio-economic and climate variables. On the basis of an estimated agricultural production function for the 1961-2016 period, we show that precipitation and average temperatures during the growing season have very heterogeneous effects on agricultural production according to the cereal and agricultural zone, depending specific needs and stress linked to the cereal and agronomic and climatic conditions of each zone.In the third chapter, we analyze the link between climate change and food security in the Sahel countries. Based on a multidimensional analysis of food security and a panel data model with delayed climate variables of interest, we show that drought and floods negatively affect food security. In the presence of these climatic disasters, floods cause more damage to food security. Socioeconomic factors also play an important role in food security. Our results show that the low level of economic development, population growth and inflation of food prices do not guarantee food security. In addition, the absence of conflicts and political stability are important levers for improving the food security situation of the populations
Gouel, Christophe. "Agricultural price instability and optimal stabilisation policies=Instabilité des prix agricoles et politiques optimales de stabilisation." Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00584922.
Full textWignacourt, Alex. "Caractérisation, mesure et évaluation des indicateurs techniques, économiques et financiers des éco-matériaux : application au secteur du bâtiment." Phd thesis, Ecole Centrale de Lille, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00581767.
Full textCool, Geneviève. "Modèles pour l'estimation de la variabilité régionale présente et future de la présence des trihalométhanes dans l'eau potable." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/26141.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to estimate the present and the future regional variability of trihalomethane (THM) occurrence in drinking water utilities (DWUs) supplied by surface water using multilevel models. The regional variability of THMs was investigated using a large database developed as part of this thesis that takes into account information about regulatory drinking water quality analyses, treatment infrastructures, surface water quality, and many other spatiotemporal parameters that may influence source water quality (Chapter 2). The multilevel models allow for the consideration of the hierarchical structure of the data and the study of variability among THM samples, while controlling for the grouping of THM concentrations within DWUs and at the regional level. At first, multilevel linear regression models were developed to estimate the regional and temporal variability of an indicator of THM precursors (i.e., dissolved organic carbon – DOC) (Chapter 3). Then, using the knowledge acquired in this study and based on multilevel logistic regression models, we developed a model which allows us to estimate the regional variability in the probability of THM concentrations exceeding a specific threshold in drinking water (Chapter 4). Then, this model was used to estimate the possible impact of climate change on the future regional variability in the probability of THM concentrations exceeding the threshold (Chapter 5). Multilevel models have only rarely been used in the field of drinking water quality modelling. And yet results from this thesis demonstrate that they are quite useful in considering the natural hierarchy of variables allowing for the modelling of drinking water quality on a regional basis. The database we developed and the methodological exploration of multilevel regression models that is carried out through the chapters of this thesis offer a useful framework for future modelling studies which examine the regional variability of drinking water quality. Keywords: drinking water, surface water, multilevel regression models, regional ecological framework, trihalomethanes, disinfection by-products, dissolved organic carbon, climate change
Pham, Thi Lan. "La déclinaison au Vietnam de la presse magazine féminine internationale haut de gamme, dans le contexte politico-économique du Doi Moi et de l’ouverture du pays aux industries créatives européennes de la filière Mode : L’exemple du déploiement stratégique de la marque Elle Vietnam." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAL039.
Full textWith the new Doi Moi policy launched in the eighties in Vietnam, Vietnam created a new environment geared towards modernity. In 2010, Elle Vietnam stepped up in Vietnam as a new women's magazine international leader, as a branch of Elle, a French women's magazine dedicated to modern, international, beautiful women as well as luxury. We will focus our developments on the framework that led to "modernity" in Vietnam, as well as the international brand designed by Elle Vietnam. Also, how do the Vietnamese producers adapt to the global brand Elle expansion? With the point of view of Vietnamese producers, we will focus our developments on the understanding of what Roland Barthes once called a “mythological tank”
Sall, Cheikh Ahmed Tidiane. "Dynamique et persistance de l’inflation dans l’UEMOA : le rôle des facteurs globaux, régionaux et nationaux." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1085/document.
Full textThis thesis examines the inflation dynamics and persistence in developing countries, especially in the UEMOA zone, highlighting the specificities of these economies. The first chapter, reveals that the inflation persistence degree, in these countries, is low which represents an asset to the monetary authorities. In Chapter 2, it was defined a more appropriate theoretical framework to analyze the inflation persistence in the countries of the sub-region. The approach allowed to demonstrate that the inflation persistence degree in these countries is not only dependent on monetary and exchange rate policies, but also negatively to the weight of local food sector in the economy. Chapter 3, analyzes the inflation differentials in the UEMOA member countries, by examining the β - convergence of inflation differentials. Estimations show that the inflation differentials are greatly reduced within the Union and they are highly persistent with the Euro zone. Chapter 4, is devoted to assessing the role of various factors and then uses a spatial panel specification to test the spillover effect between countries. Estimations indicate a predominance of global factors and contagion between countries whose magnitude depends on the weight of exports to other countries in the sub-region
Ben, Nasr Maaouia. "La sécurité alimentaire dans les pays en développement : cas de la Tunisie." Thesis, Paris 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA01E047.
Full textFood security is defined today through four dimensions, namely the food availability, stability, access and safety. These dimensions form an entity and ensure a healthy diet for everyone. It is precisely for this reason that they cannot be dissociated. Developing countries are the most affected by food insecurity. The food security assessment must be connected to the economic development strategies adopted in each country. For the most of developing countries, the implemented agricultural policies are largely responsible for the state of the food security. Tunisia is among the countries that have neglected the construction of an agricultural production structure that totally focuses on achieving food security ensured by prominent local self-sufficiency in food. For a long time, Tunisia has favored the use of the international market to take advantage of the world prices drop tendency. This strategy is now obsolete because of changes in the international context which are expressed by significant unexampled increases in the prices of agricultural products and food. In addition, there is a deterioration in the economic fundamentals especially the import capacity, as well as a deterioration in public accounts while the food bill raises and the pursuit of the subsidy policy reaches its limits. Moreover, the treatment of the food security issue should not be related only to agricultural production but also to the debt situation of the developing country. Food security is usually the focal point of all problems related to real growth strategies and economic development of many countries including Tunisia. It becomes even more problematic than the forced evolution towards globalization which now places agriculture in the world faced to the threat of widespread trade pushing it to a specialization which is not easy grasp
Lequin, Julie. "Quelles interactions dynamiques entre systèmes alimentaires du milieu (SYAM) et proximités territoriales ? : communautés de valeurs, communautés d’intérêts et communautés de pratiques." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20063/document.
Full text: In this dissertation, I question whether the territories coordinated under food system based on “agriculture of the middle” (SYAM in French) rely on a common set of values. By combining two sets of theoretical approaches (proximity economics and actor-network theory) on four empirical case studies in France, this doctoral research analyses the various merging mechanisms at play among SYAM actors. The research results suggest that SYAM networks strengthen through alternating phases of expansion and contraction, which challenge possibilities of convergence. The common system of values emerges, develops, recomposes and reconfigures itself based on these tensions. At times, the common values create a frame of reference for collective action; at others, it becomes a framework restricting it
Qin, Quan. "La sécurité alimentaire en droit international du commerce." Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020049/document.
Full textToday’s world food situation is particularly disturbing. To guarantee food security for all remains the primary responsibility of governments and international society. As one of the major instruments to implement international strategy for food security, international law has failed to provide effective solution to mitigate the factors that contribute to food insecurity. This is particularly what happened when food problem was treated within WTO. Having established the terms and conditions of international trade in food and agricultural products, WTO trade regulations have major influence on food security both at international level and at national level. Even if the relevant WTO agreements did offer certain policy approaches to its Members to tackle their food problem, these policy approaches are neither sufficient nor efficient to achieve this goal. By constantly prioritizing commercial considerations over food concerns, WTO rules related to trade in agriculture seriously restrict the exercise of discretionary power of those Members who wish to improve their food situation. Therefore, international trade policies must be reformed, so that WTO Members can take creative measures to meet their people’s basic needs. Even it appears still difficult at present to create new rules that may allow food-deficit Members to generate sufficient income to guarantee their access to food; this reform must at least search for effective solutions to offset the negative impacts of trade policies on food security. Otherwise, the legitimacy and credibility of current global trading system will be at risk
Vivier, Elise. "Transformation des modèles alimentaires en Amazonie brésilienne : utilisations traditionnelles, aliments industriels et enjeux sociaux." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR2029/document.
Full textObserving dietary role model and the ways of consumption allow to glimpse a succession of phenomenons such as social changes brought by the economic dynamism at the scale of the Brazil. Researches led in the Ciriaco reserve aim to establish a dietary profile in order to understand the weight of the choices made by its inhabitants , and the origins of such choices. The point of creating a global profil is also to measure the impact of their dietary choices on their daily lives, and to take possession of the phenomenon called dietary transition. The dietary monetization, the lack of education so much as the changes of seasons are considered the origins of the transformation of the role model and thus by the access on new food, changed and without any identity value ; responsible for the consequences on the health and also responsible of some kind of dietary insecurity which also bring social, economic, political, epidemiological and environmental disruptions
Fiamor, Anne-Emmanuelle. "Changement dans la construction sociale de la production alimentaire localisée : analyse à partir du cas drômois." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TOU20078/document.
Full textThis research emanates from a field survey we conducted in the Department of Drôme, France, which deals with the analysis of a variety of valorization methods of local food productions we sought to explain. Local food productions are a traditional production rooted in time and space, regardless the organizational and strategic variety of valorization methods. In the Drôme territory, we found a variety of productions and a variety of organizational and strategic valorization methods. But those patterns are not sufficient to explain what we observed in the field. We observed also another form of reference to location of these productions than only the reference to tradition. From there, in addition to the analysis of the organizational diversity of valorization methods of local food production in Drôme, the characterization of a new form of reference to location of production we spotted is the main issue of this research. To analyze the organizational and symbolic diversity, we conceptualize the valorization methods as systems of domination (in the sense of Max Weber). Indeed, the system and the strategy of valorization are pointed out as well as the shape of the legitimacy on which the social significance of the production is expressed. In this framework, we analyzed six variations of localization types by reference to tradition and one emergent way of localizing productions. This last is assessed through the fact that productions are produced, processed and sold locally by small local farmers, often neo-rural, according to production knowledge and expertise, processing and selling organization built through sharing and selling networks constructed among these farmers. These networks, either formal or informal, are either created through agricultural associations, or either were built autonomously. In this framework, each farmer aims to produce and sell, but also to “build a community” while keeping its independence from peers and institutional actors. Therefore, these farmers, through their relationships to the production and to their community, induce the emergence of knowledge and know-how rooted in “here and now” cultural bedrock crystallized in the representation of the small local farmer
Diagne, Rokhaya. "Sécurité alimentaire et libéralisation agricole." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00998276.
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