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Journal articles on the topic 'Approximated load'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

Ishida, K., P. D. Pare, T. Blogg, and R. R. Schellenberg. "Effects of elastic loading on porcine trachealis muscle mechanics." Journal of Applied Physiology 69, no. 3 (1990): 1033–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1990.69.3.1033.

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To shorten in vivo, airway smooth muscle must overcome an elastic load provided by cartilage and lung parenchyma. We examined the effects of linear elastic loads (0.2-80 g/cm) on the active changes in porcine trachealis muscle length and tension in response to electrical field stimulation in vitro. Increasing elastic loads produced an exponential decrease in the shortening and velocity of shortening while causing an increase in tension generation of muscle strips stimulated by electrical field stimulation. Shortening was decreased by 50% at a load of 8 g/cm. At small elastic loads (less than o

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2

Kadiyala, Ramana, and Ponnavaikko M. "AWSQ: an approximated web server queuing algorithm for heterogeneous web server cluster." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, no. 3 (2019): 2083–93. https://doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i3.pp2083-2093.

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With the rising popularity of web-based applications, the primary and consistent resource in the infrastructure of World Wide Web are cluster based web servers. Overtly in dynamic contents and database driven applications, especially at heavy load circumstances, the performance handling of clusters is a solemn task. Without using efficient mechanisms, an overloaded web server cannot provide great performance. In clusters, this overloaded condition can be avoided using load balancing mechanisms by sharing the load among available web servers. The existing load balancing mechanisms which were in

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3

ADACHI, Tadaharu, Satoshi YAMAMURA, Masahiro ARAI, and Hiroyuki MATSUMOTO. "Approximated Evaluation of Load History by Soft Body Impact." Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers Series A 65, no. 635 (1999): 1615–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/kikaia.65.1615.

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4

Zhao, Ling, and Harry W. Shenton. "Structural Damage Detection using Best Approximated Dead Load Redistribution." Structural Health Monitoring: An International Journal 4, no. 4 (2005): 319–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475921705057967.

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5

Dong, Yan, Jian Zhang, Shaofeng Zhong, and Yordan Garbatov. "Simplified Strength Assessment for Preliminary Structural Design of Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Semi-Submersible Platform." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 2 (2024): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse12020259.

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The study aims to develop a simplified strength assessment method for the preliminary structural design of a semi-submersible floating offshore wind turbine platform. The method includes load cases with extreme wave load effects and a load case dominated by wind load. The extreme load effects due to waves are achieved using the design waves. Seven characteristic responses of the semi-submersible platform due to waves are chosen. The design waves for the extreme characteristic responses are all from extreme wave conditions where the significant wave heights are close to the one for a return per

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Samsonov, Anton A., Sergey I. Solov’ev, and Pavel S. Solov’ev. "Eigenvibrations of a simply supported beam with elastically attached load." MATEC Web of Conferences 224 (2018): 04012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822404012.

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The nonlinear differential eigenvalue problem describing eigenvibrations of a simply supported beam with elastically attached load is investigated. The existence of an increasing sequence of positive simple eigenvalues with limit point at infinity is established. To the sequence of eigenvalues, there corresponds a system of normalized eigenfunctions. To illustrate the obtained theoretical results, the initial problem is approximated by the finite difference method on a uniform grid. The accuracy of approximate solutions is studied. Investigations of the present paper can be generalized for the

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7

Ramana, Kadiyala, and M. Ponnavaikko. "AWSQ: an approximated web server queuing algorithm for heterogeneous web server cluster." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 9, no. 3 (2019): 2083. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v9i3.pp2083-2093.

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With the rising popularity of web-based applications, the primary and consistent resource in the infrastructure of World Wide Web are cluster-based web servers. Overtly in dynamic contents and database driven applications, especially at heavy load circumstances, the performance handling of clusters is a solemn task. Without using efficient mechanisms, an overloaded web server cannot provide great performance. In clusters, this overloaded condition can be avoided using load balancing mechanisms by sharing the load among available web servers. The existing load balancing mechanisms which were in

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8

Zhang, Xiaogang, Yali Zhang, and Zhongmin Jin. "A semi-analytical approach to the elastic loading behaviour of rough surfaces." Friction 8, no. 5 (2019): 970–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40544-019-0320-4.

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AbstractThe elastic loading behaviour of rough surfaces is derived based on the physical understanding of the contact phenomena, where the pressure distribution is analytically obtained without any negative values or convergence problems, thus the evolution of the contact behaviour is obtained in a semi-analytical manner. Numerical results obtained by the proposed approach facilitate the understanding of the contact behaviour in the following aspects: 1) the ratio of contact area to load decreases with an increase in real contact area; 2) normal approach-load relationship is approximated by an

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9

Ma, Jiansen, Weiping Cao, and Xinhua Yu. "Design of Two Compact Wideband Monopoles Through Loading with Linear Approximated Lumped Components." Micromachines 15, no. 12 (2024): 1477. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15121477.

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In this paper, two ultra-wideband monopoles in a colinear structure are presented for application in remote terrestrial communication systems. The antennas consist of a loaded monopole with a hat and an elevated loaded monopole located in the upper position. All lumped loads are modeled as linear frequency-dependent components to approximate the practical component property for achieving ultra-wideband characteristics, since the constant value property of a component is only present in a relatively narrow band. The antennas are simulated by the method of moments (MoM) with asymptotic waveform

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10

Samsonov, Anton A., and Sergey I. Solov'ev. "Finite Element Modeling of Eigenvibrations of a Loaded Bar." Materials Science Forum 931 (September 2018): 148–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.931.148.

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The nonlinear second-order differential eigenvalue problem describing eigenvibrations of a bar with elastically attached load is investigated. This problem has an increasing sequence of positive simple eigenvalues with limit point at infinity. The sequence of eigenvalues corresponds to a system of normalized eigenfunctions. The initial nonlinear eigenvalue problem is approximated by the quadrature finite element method on a uniform grid. The existence and accuracy of approximate solutions are studied. Investigations of the present paper can be generalized for the cases of more complicated and

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11

Samsonov, Anton A., and Sergey I. Solov’ev. "Investigation of eigenvibrations of a loaded bar." MATEC Web of Conferences 224 (2018): 04013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822404013.

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The differential eigenvalue problem describing eigenvibrations of a bar with fixed ends and attached load at an interior point is investigated. This problem has an increasing sequence of positive simple eigenvalues with limit point at infinity. To the sequence of eigenvalues, there corresponds a complete orthonormal system of eigenfunctions. We formulate limit differential eigenvalue problems and prove the convergence of the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the initial problem to the corresponding eigenvalues and eigenfunctions of the limit problems as load mass tending to infinity. The origi

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12

Barchukova, Tetіana. "Work piles - columns with soil under constant influence of vertical and cyclically approximated horizontal loads." ACADEMIC JOURNAL Series: Industrial Machine Building, Civil Engineering 2, no. 51 (2018): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.26906/znp.2018.51.1283.

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The article describes an experimental study aimed at identifying common patterns of joint work of piles - columns with soil with vertical and cyclically applied horizontal loads. The study examines the deformation processes occurring in the soil. At any pressure value, soil deformations can be divided into two groups, which are restored (elastic) and residual. When the pressure is less than the structural strength, elastic deformations appear. With a pressure of greater structural strength, elastic and residual deformations appear. Elastic deformations appear throughout the depth, residual def

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13

Gordon, J. M., and Y. Zarmi. "Thermal Performance in Multi-Pass Solar Systems With Well-Mixed Storage." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 109, no. 2 (1987): 94–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3268199.

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An approximate analysis of multi-pass, closed-loop solar systems with well-mixed storage tanks is presented. The thermal coupling of the storage tank both to the collector-storage loop (“charging” cycle) and the load-storage loop (“discharging” cycle) is shown to reduce system performance by a penalty factor, called the partial depletion factor, when compared to one-pass, open-loop systems in which the storage fluid is completely consumed by the load by the end of each 24-hour day (total depletion). This penalty factor is typically around 20 percent for systems with a daytime-only load and 30

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Korunovic, Lidija, and Dobrivoje Stojanovic. "Load modeling in distribution networks." Facta universitatis - series: Electronics and Energetics 15, no. 3 (2002): 419–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/fuee0203419k.

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Experimental results of load model parameter determination on a substation middle voltage level are shown in this paper. This substation supplies residential load. The obtained parameters are different from literature data, because they depend on many factors such as climatic, economic and social ones. The measurements are performed for different day intervals and week days during winter. It is pointed out that real and reactive power sensitivities on voltage vary with voltage value. Mean polynomial static characteristics are presented, too. The obtained static characteristics are approximated

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15

Saranyasoontorn, Korn, and Lance Manuel. "Symmetry Considerations When Using Proper Orthogonal Decomposition for Predicting Wind Turbine Yaw Loads." Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 128, no. 4 (2006): 574–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2349541.

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In an earlier study, the authors discussed the efficiency of low-dimensional representations of inflow turbulence random fields in predicting statistics of wind turbine loads that included blade and tower bending moments. Both root-mean-square and 10-min extreme statistics for these loads were approximated very well when time-domain simulations were carried out on a 600kW two-bladed turbine and only a limited number of inflow “modes” were employed using proper orthogonal decomposition (POD). Here, turbine yaw loads are considered and the conventional ordering of POD modes is seen to be not as

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16

Bogdándy, B., and I. Hegedűs. "Analysis of a partially loaded paraboloid of revolution and possible approximations of its solution." International Review of Applied Sciences and Engineering 7, no. 1 (2016): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/1848.2016.7.1.4.

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In this paper a partially loaded paraboloid of revolution is investigated by the theory of bent shallow shells. After establishing the sixth order linear system of equations it is concluded that the unknown coefficients cannot be expressed, cannot be given as practical formulas, thus useful approximate solutions are constructed for practical usage. The applicability limit of the column reaction approximated by concentrated load is investigated and the generated error of membrane action for this approximation is determined.

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17

Yang, Xuan, Yanbin Li, Qiang Chen, and Qingguo Fei. "A Semi-Analytical Approach for the Linearized Vibration of Clamped Beams with the Effect of Static and Thermal Load." Applied Sciences 13, no. 8 (2023): 4718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13084718.

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The geometric nonlinearity due to static and thermal load can significantly alter the vibration response of structures. This study presents a semi-analytical approach to illustrate the nonlinear vibration of clamped-clamped beams under static and thermal loads. The von Karman strain and Hamilton’s principle are employed to derive the nonlinear static equilibrium equation and nonlinear governing equation. The vibration equation’s coefficient is variable. The transfer-matrix method and local homogenization are used to solve the equation. The proposed method’s accuracy is validated by commercial

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18

Lee, Sang-Un. "Optimization of Economic Load Dispatch Problem Using Linearly Approximated Smooth Fuel Cost Function." Journal of the Institute of Webcasting, Internet and Telecommunication 14, no. 3 (2014): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.7236/jiibc.2014.14.3.191.

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19

Sipos, Dávid, and Dániel Feszty. "Development of a Procedure for the Validation of Statistical Energy Analysis Simulations." Acta Technica Jaurinensis 12, no. 4 (2019): 335–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.14513/actatechjaur.v12.n4.512.

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This paper describes the development of an NVH measurement procedure that can be used for comparisons to Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA). In SEA, the outputs of the simulation are ensemble averaged quantities for each subsystem, which can be obtained in measurements by averaging some measurement point results. For several reasons, the number of measurement points must be as few as possible, but at the same time, they have to provide a well approximated averaged response of the system. The sufficient number of evaluation points and excitation load cases are determined via Finite Element (FE)

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20

Zhao, Jun-hai, Yue Zhai, Lin Ji, and Xue-ying Wei. "Unified Solutions to the Limit Load of Thick-Walled Vessels." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 129, no. 4 (2006): 670–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2767356.

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Unified solutions to the elastoplastic limit load of thick-walled cylindrical and spherical vessels under internal pressure are obtained in terms of the unified strength theory (UST) and the unified slip-line field theory (USLFT). The UST and the USLFT include or approximate an existing strength criterion or slip-line field theory by adopting a parameter b, which varies from 0 to 1. The theories can be used on pressure-sensitive materials, which have the strength difference (SD) effect. The solutions, based on the Tresca criterion, the von Mises criterion, the Mohr–Coulomb criterion, and the t

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21

Martínez García, Juan Carlos, and Alberto Soria López. "Intelligent iPD control estimation of Hardware in-the-Loop generated dynamics." Ingeniería Investigación y Tecnología 25, no. 4 (2024): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/fi.25940732e.2024.25.4.031.

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We are concerned here by the study of explicit ultra-local model approximation in the context of model free intelligent Proportional Derivative (iPD) control, which to our knowledge has not been reported in the available control literature. The unmodeled dynamics estimation is approximated by integrals reducing real-time system measurements noise in the control loop and implemented using a Finite Impulse Response (FIR) digital filter. Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) perturbation load generated dynamics are used in an iPD control scheme exhibiting the unknown dynamics approximation. We use two DC se

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22

Kılıç, Doğuşhan, Imad El Haddad, Benjamin T. Brem, et al. "Identification of secondary aerosol precursors emitted by an aircraft turbofan." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 10 (2018): 7379–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-7379-2018.

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Abstract. Oxidative processing of aircraft turbine-engine exhausts was studied using a potential aerosol mass (PAM) chamber at different engine loads corresponding to typical flight operations. Measurements were conducted at an engine test cell. Organic gases (OGs) and particle emissions pre- and post-PAM were measured. A suite of instruments, including a proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) for OGs, a multigas analyzer for CO, CO2, NOx, and an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) for nonrefractory particulate matter (NR-PM1) were used. Total aerosol mass was dominated by secondary a

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23

Ciavarella, M., G. Macina, and G. P. Demelio. "On stress concentration on nearly flat contacts." Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design 37, no. 6 (2002): 493–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/030932402320950116.

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Fretting fatigue can severely damage components subjected to oscillatory tangential loads, leading to a dramatic reduction in fatigue life and causing catastrophic ruptures. A conservative approach that can be used when considering the effect of stress concentration induced by fretting is to ensure that the peak stress is smaller than the fatigue limit of the material. However, this depends on details of the geometry as well as loading conditions. In the present work, the contact problem of a flat rounded punch in contact with a half-plane is considered, where a dovetail joint contact geometry

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Bich, Dao Huy, and Khuc Van Phu. "Non-linear analysis on stability of corrugated cross-ply laminated composite plates." Vietnam Journal of Mechanics 28, no. 4 (2006): 197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.15625/0866-7136/28/4/5579.

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In the present paper the governing equations for corrugated cross-ply laminated composite plates in the form of a sine wave are developed based on the Kirchoff-Love's theory and the extension of Seydel's technique. By using Bubnov-Galerkin method approximated analytical solutions to the non-linear stability problem of corrugated laminated composite plates subjected to biaxial loads are investigated. The post buckling load-deflection curve of corrugated plates and analytical expressions of the upper and lower buckling loads are presented. The effectiveness of corrugated plates in enhancing the

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Yagi, Eiichi, Daisuke Harada, and Masaaki Kobayashi. "Upper-Limb Power-Assist Control for Agriculture Load Lifting." International Journal of Automation Technology 3, no. 6 (2009): 716–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/ijat.2009.p0716.

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This paper discusses upper-limb power-assist control using a pneumatic rotary actuator to support shoulder movement and an air cylinder to support elbow movement by agricultural workers lifting a 30 kg rice bag without inducing low back pain. Surface electromyogram (EMG) signals are used as trigger signals, joint support torque is calculated based on the antigravity term of necessary joint torque, estimated based on the dynamics of a human approximated link model. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of proposed power-assist control.

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Yusuf Siahaan, Muhammad Yusuf Rahmansyah Siahaan, and Rakhmad Arief Siregar. "Investigation of Static Flexural Strength of Aluminium Honeycomb Panels with Varying Cell Sizes." DINAMIS 12, no. 1 (2024): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/dinamis.v12i1.16418.

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In this paper, the static flexural strength of aluminium honeycombs with varying cell sizes were tested experimentally using three-point bending method. Three different cell sizes, namely 2 mm, 4 mm and 6 mm, which were produced in a local workshop in the city of Medan, were used for this study. The main focus is to observe the maximum load and permanent deflection under static loads. The results show that the fracture mode that occurs after reaching the maximum load is core fracture followed by rupture of the adhesive between the core and the skin sheet. It is found that cell size has a signi

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Matoušek, Václav, and Štěpán Zrostlík. "Laboratory testing of granular kinetic theory for intense bed load transport." Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics 66, no. 3 (2018): 330–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/johh-2018-0012.

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Abstract Collisional interactions in a sheared granular body are typical for intense bed load transport and they significantly affect behavior of flow carrying bed load grains. Collisional mechanisms are poorly understood and modelling approaches seldom accurately describe reality. One of the used approaches is the kinetic theory of granular flows. It offers constitutive relations for local shear-induced collision-based granular quantities - normal stress, shear stress and fluctuation energy - and relates them with local grain concentration and velocity. Depth distributions of the local granul

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28

WU, LAI-YUN, CHENG-HUNG WU, and HSU-HUI HUANG. "SHEAR BUCKLING OF THIN PLATES USING THE SPLINE COLLOCATION METHOD." International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 08, no. 04 (2008): 645–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455408002818.

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This paper presents a highly accurate method for analyzing the critical shear buckling load of thin elastic rectangular plates. The solutions are approximated by the extended spline collocation method (SCM). Using the quintic table in place of the complex quintic B-spline functions, one can easily formulate the field equation of shear buckling loads for a thin elastic rectangular plate. Through the generalized eigenvalue analysis, the shear buckling loads and mode shapes for the plate can be determined precisely. Numerical examples are given for the critical shear buckling load of plates with

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29

Al-Subhi, Ahmad A., and Hesham K. Alfares. "Economic Load Dispatch Using Linear Programming." International Journal of Applied Industrial Engineering 3, no. 1 (2016): 16–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaie.2016010102.

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This paper presents an optimum solution of the economic dispatch (ED) problem without considering transmission losses using linear programming (LP). In the ED problem, several on-line units (generators) are available, and it is needed to determine the power to produce by each unit in order to meet the required load at minimum total cost. To apply LP, the nonlinear cost functions of all generators are approximated by linear piecewise functions. To examine the effectiveness of this linearization method, a comprehensive set of benchmark test problems is used consisting of 3, 6, 18, 20, 38, and 40

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30

Mayilsamy, Kathiresh, Maideen Abdhulkader Jeylani A,, Mahaboob Subahani Akbarali, and Haripranesh Sathiyanarayanan. "Modeling of a simplified hybrid algorithm for short-term load forecasting in a power system network." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 40, no. 3 (2021): 676–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/compel-01-2021-0005.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop a hybrid algorithm, which is a blend of auto-regressive integral moving average (ARIMA) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) for addressing the non-linearity of the load time series. Design/methodology/approach Short-term load forecasting is a complex process as the nature of the load-time series data is highly nonlinear. So, only ARIMA-based load forecasting will not provide accurate results. Hence, ARIMA is combined with MLP, a deep learning approach that models the resultant data from ARIMA and processes them further for Modelling the non-linearity

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31

Nelson, Ralph M., and J. Kevin Hiers. "The influence of fuelbed properties on moisture drying rates and timelags of longleaf pine litter." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 38, no. 9 (2008): 2394–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x08-078.

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Fire managers often model pine needles as 1 h timelag fuels, but fuelbed properties may significantly change the rate at which needles exchange moisture with the atmosphere. The problem of determining whether moisture loss from fine fuels is being controlled by individual particles or by the fuelbed remains unresolved. Results from this laboratory experiment indicate that first-period timelags of longleaf pine ( Pinus palustris Mill.) needles are altered by fuelbed loading and needle arrangement. Timelags of individual needles ranged from 3.3 to 5.3 h; timelags of beds of vertically oriented n

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32

Wiens, Marcus, Tim Martin, Tobias Meyer, and Adam Zuga. "Reconstruction of operating loads in wind turbines with inertial measurement units." Forschung im Ingenieurwesen 85, no. 2 (2021): 181–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10010-021-00455-0.

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AbstractWind turbines are a major source of renewable energy. Load monitoring is considered to improve reliability of the systems and to reduce the cost of operation. We propose a load monitoring system which consists of inertial measurement units. These track the movement of rotor blade, hub and tower top. In addition, wind turbine states, e.g. yaw angle, pitch angle and rotation speed, are recorded. By solving a navigation algorithm with a Kalman Filter approach, the raw sensor data is combined with an error model to reduce the tracking error. In total, five inertial measurement units are in

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Xiao, Fei, Yong Cui, Jingkai Zhu, Yining Qiao, Zhaoyu Li, and Qian Ai. "A load-side resource aggregation method based on Minkowski Sum." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2728, no. 1 (2024): 012073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2728/1/012073.

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Abstract In the context of high penetration of renewable energy in new power systems, load-side resources have good regulation potential to improve system flexibility. In order to fully exploit the regulation potential of load-side resources, the power regulation range and regulation cost of load-side resources need to be aggregated first. Based on the establishment of a unified model of the scheduling feasible region of the load-side resources, the computation of the Minkowski sum of the feasible region of the load-side resources is realized through the linear superposition of the maximally i

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Manuylov, Gaik A. "THE APPROXIMATE SOLUTION FOR PLATES USING MODIFIED RAYLEIGH-RITZ METHOD." International Journal for Computational Civil and Structural Engineering 13, no. 4 (2017): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.22337/2587-9618-2017-13-4-121-127.

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For thin elastic plates of arbitrary shape with a smooth pinched or hinged contour based on the modified Rayleigh-Ritz method, explicit expressions are obtained for the approximate values of the maximum deflection from a uniformly distributed load, the deflection at the point of application of the concentrated force, the critical force of uniform compression, and the first eigenfrequency. The lateral movements were approximated by special functions having level lines similar to the plate contour. The results of calculating the plate in the form of a pear-shaped oval are presented, which are in

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Khan, Muhammad Zahid, Chaoxu Mu, Salman Habib, Khurram Hashmi, Emad M. Ahmed, and Waleed Alhosaini. "An Optimal Control Scheme for Load Bus Voltage Regulation and Reactive Power-Sharing in an Islanded Microgrid." Energies 14, no. 20 (2021): 6490. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14206490.

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This paper presents an optimal control scheme for an islanded microgrid (MG), which performs reactive power-sharing and voltage regulation. Two-fold objectives are achieved, i.e., the load estimation strategy, firstly, approximates the MG’s impedance and transmits this information through a communication link. Based on approximated impedance information, an optimal regulator is then constructed to send optimal control commands to respective local power controllers of each distributed generation unit. An optimal regulator is a constraints optimized problem, mainly responsible to restore the bus

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36

Saetti, Umberto, and Joseph F. Horn. "Load Alleviation Flight Control Design using High-Order Dynamic Models." Journal of the American Helicopter Society 65, no. 3 (2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/jahs.65.032009.

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The present study considers two notional rotorcraft models: a conventional utility helicopter, representative of an H-60, and a wing-only compound utility rotorcraft, representative of an H-60 with a wing similar to the X-49A wing. An explicit model following (EMF) control scheme is designed to achieve stability and desired rate command / attitude hold response around the roll, pitch, and yaw axes, while alleviating vibratory loads through both feed-forward and feedback compensation. The harmonic decomposition methodology is extended to enable optimization of primary flight control laws that m

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Mota-Panizio, Roberta, Manuel Jesús Hermoso-Orzáez, Luís Carmo-Calado, et al. "Energy Recovery via Thermal Gasification from Waste Insulation Electrical Cables (WIEC)." Applied Sciences 10, no. 22 (2020): 8253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10228253.

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The recovery of noble metals from electrical wires and cables results in waste materials such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyethylene (PE), that is, waste insulation electrical cables (WIEC), which have been processed by gasification for energy recovery. This study focused on the effect of blending the ratio of WIEC on the gasification feedstock composition and the lower heating value (LHV) of produced syngas, through controlled tests and tests under different loads on the generator. The controlled gasification experiments were carried out at blending ratios between pine biomass and WIEC

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Peshkhoev, I. M., B. V. Sobol, and A. M. Levchenkov. "ON BRANCHING OF EQUILIBRIUMS OF A COMPRESSED ELASTIC ROD ON A NONLINEAR ELASTIC BASE." Problems of Strength and Plasticity 84, no. 4 (2023): 461–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.32326/1814-9146-2023-85-4-461-469.

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The problem of buckling and postcritical behavior of a compressed elastic rod on a non-linearly elastic foundation under the action of a small transverse pressure is considered. The study is carried out on the basis of a non-linear equilibrium equation obtained taking into account the exact formula for the curvature of the axial line of the rod, while the curvature is approximated by a third-order asymptotic formula with respect to deflection. The boundary conditions correspond to free pinching or a movable hinged support of the ends of the rod. The influence of a small transverse load and the

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Meng, Jin, Ping Zhu, Qing Hui Ji, and Zhao Liu. "An Improved Pressure Distribution Model of Automotive Wheel’s Radial Fatigue." Applied Mechanics and Materials 201-202 (October 2012): 287–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.201-202.287.

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Radial fatigue life is an important index of automotive wheel. Traditional analysis method neglected the force on flange and confused stable inflation load with dynamic radial load. In this study, a 3D finite element (FE) analysis was executed simulating the inflation and radial press process. Different contact and modeling techniques were adopted to improve the convergence and accuracy. Stable and dynamic pressure on flange and bead seat were distinguished and approximated with different functions. Finally, experiments and comparison were made to ensure the reliability of the method.

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Vittek, Jan, Branislav Ftorek, Peter Butko, and Tomas Fedor. "Energy Optimal Control of PMSM Drive for Time-Varying Load Torque." Applied Mechanics and Materials 710 (January 2015): 67–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.710.67.

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Speed and position controller respecting principles of energy optimal control for the drives with permanent magnet synchronous motor and time varying load torque are developed as a contribution to the energy saving and environmental protection. Two approaches to the energy saving controller design are analyzed and compared. The first one is strictly based on energy optimal control theory and derives analytical solutions of the control problem. The second approach for comparison presents approximated solution for the drive’s position controller when the optimal speed trajectory is modified to t

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Shao, Hailong, and Jongsoo Lee. "Optimal pile design of dolphin structure considering axial compressive pressure-bending moment ratio under offshore load conditions." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part M: Journal of Engineering for the Maritime Environment 233, no. 4 (2018): 1141–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1475090218813598.

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This study proposes an optimal design of a dolphin structure under offshore load conditions such as berthing, mooring, wind, wave, and current loads. The design objective is to reduce the total weight of the pile structure by determining its diameter, thickness, and arraying direction with constraints of axial compressive pressure-bending moment ratio and total displacement. As design requirements, the stress has to be satisfied under the allowable compressive pressure-bending moment, and the total displacement of the steel piles should be less than 0.1 m on the upper deck. The structural anal

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Fröhlich, Thilo, and Dieter Lotze. "Testing and Evaluation of Anchor Channels under Fatigue Loading." CivilEng 2, no. 1 (2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/civileng2010001.

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Cast-in anchor channels are used to connect steel components to concrete structures e.g., for elevators, cranes or machines, where repeated load cycles require verification against fatigue failure. The fatigue resistance of anchor channels may be determined by tests according to the interactive method, which provides a complete description of the S/N curve from one to infinite load cycles according to the current assessment document. This procedure differs from conventional fatigue concepts, which do not consider loads that are part of low cycle fatigue, but also question the general existence

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Raffaele, Domenico, Giuseppina Uva, Francesco Porco, and Andrea Fiore. "Buckling of Rectangular Isolated R.C. Columns: Closed-form Approximation for Interaction Domains." Open Construction and Building Technology Journal 7, no. 1 (2013): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874836801307010129.

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Interaction domains for the buckling of isolated R.C. columns are an efficient and versatile instrument for the assessment of the resistance at Ultimate Limit State, and allow the optimization of the structural geometry and reinforcement ratio. The paper presents the procedure for deriving interaction domains for rectangular symmetrically reinforced columns, providing a detailed analysis of the load-carrying capacity for various classes of concrete and reinforcement steel bars. Domains have been obtained according to the model-column method, taking into account the uncertainties both in geomet

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Alekseytsev, Anatoly, Natalya Kurchenko, and Sodikjon Nadirov. "Mechanical safety of eccentrically compressed RC-column in the event of emergency impact." E3S Web of Conferences 410 (2023): 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202341002003.

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The safety analysis of the outermost column of the 8 m high building stylobate was performed under eccentric compression. The bending moments act in two main planes. Modeling of the emergency based on physical and geometrical nonlinear calculation in dynamic statement is proposed. The dynamic overload is modeled simultaneously by longitudinal force and bending moments. It is assumed that such an emergency impact is caused by an impacting body falling from a certain height onto the deformable slab in the vicinity of the slab-column connection zone. An impulse load modeled the load, the magnitud

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Niesłony, Adam, and Michał Böhm. "Determination of Fatigue Life on the Basis of Experimental Fatigue Diagrams under Constant Amplitude Load with Mean Stress." Materials Science Forum 726 (August 2012): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.726.33.

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The paper deals with a comparison of fatigue life calculations, obtained on the basis of classical Basquin diagrams and approximated diagrams acquired with the use of the section method, which allows us to fit the diagrams shape to real material properties. While comparing the calculation results, literature data concerning fatigue tests of welded cruciform specimens from high performance low-alloy steel HSLA-80 presented by Kihl and Sarkani as well as of smooth specimens out of the aluminum alloy 75S-T6 by Grover et al. has been used. It has been noticed that the calculations performed with t

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Fischer-Cripps, A. C. "Illustrative analysis of load-displacement curves in nanoindentation." Journal of Materials Research 22, no. 11 (2007): 3075–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0381.

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The nature of the elastic unloading after an elastic-plastic contact with a conical or Berkovich indenter is studied. Three representative specimens having different mechanical properties were tested. Finite-element results for the pressure distribution beneath the indenter during unloading suggest that the effective indenter is in fact very closely approximated by a sphere in the case of fused silica (a material with a relatively low value of E/H) and a more uniform pressure distribution in the case of silicon and sapphire (materials with higher values of E/H). The proposed reason for these o

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Borboni, Alberto, Diego De Santis, Luigi Solazzi, Jorge Hugo Villafañe, and Rodolfo Faglia. "Ludwick Cantilever Beam in Large Deflection Under Vertical Constant Load." Open Mechanical Engineering Journal 10, no. 1 (2016): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874155x01610010023.

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The aim of this paper is to calculate the horizontal and vertical displacements of a cantilever beam in large deflections. The proposed structure is composed with Ludwick material exhibiting a different behavior to tensile and compressive actions. The geometry of the cross-section is constant and rectangular, while the external action is a vertical constant load applied at the free end. The problem is nonlinear due to the constitutive model and to the large deflections. The associated computational problem is related to the solution of a set of equation in conjunction with an ODE. An approxima

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Tran, Trung-Dung, and Phu-Huan Vo Nguyen. "Computation of Limit Loads for Bending Plates." Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 13, no. 2 (2023): 10466–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.48084/etasr.5671.

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The purpose of this paper is to present a method for calculating the upper bound limit loads of plate bending using a conforming Hsieh-Clough-Tocher (HCT) element. These limit loads can be obtained from Koiter’s kinematic shakedown theorem for the case of one load vertex instead of using the kinematic limit theorem. When combining this theorem with the approximated displacement field, the limit analysis turns into an optimization problem and can be effectively solved by Second-Order Cone Programming (SOCP). Several benchmark plate problems such as square, rectangular, and L-shape plates are in

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Mazilu, Traian, and Cristian Ioan Cruceanu. "Dynamics of a beam on elastic foundation - impact of the bilinear characteristic of the foundation upon the propagation of the bending wave." MATEC Web of Conferences 178 (2018): 06008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817806008.

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Rail is an important source of noise in the railway traffic and its acoustic power is depending on the rate of decay of vibration. The main characteristic of the track in terms of the vertical elasticity is the so-called track modulus which results from the load-rail deflection curve. In general, this curve is nonlinear and it can be approximated using piecewise linear function with bilinear characteristic. In this paper, the response of a beam on elastic foundation with bilinear characteristic due to constant and harmonic loads is investigated, pointing out the impact of the foundation charac

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Yan, Long, Quan Xi Zou, and Chuan Qi Wang. "Research on Sparking and Simulation Technique." Advanced Materials Research 694-697 (May 2013): 2997–3000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.694-697.2997.

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The article analyzed electrical discharge path in the air. The model was simplified and the path was approximated by line segments. Discharge path was calculated in iteration method. Single trunk and multiple branches were simulated separately. Experiment result presented high similarity with the shape of real electrical spark. Dynamic computation would take some load to processer, several important parameters were provided for realization.

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