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Tantri, Aida Rosita, Darto Satoto, Rahendra, Besthadi Sukmono, and Ratna Widiyanti Kusumaningati. "Validity Test of the Indonesia Version of Revised American Pain Society Outcome Questionnaire (APS-POQ-R) to Evaluate Postoperative Management Quality." Advanced Science Letters 24, no. 8 (2018): 6274–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2018.12711.
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The Revised American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire (APS-POQ-R) is the most commonly used instrument to assess the quality of pain management in many countries but the validity and reliability of this instrument has not been verified in Indonesia. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional psychometric study to test the validity and reliability of Indonesia version of APS-POQ-R instrument to evaluate postoperative pain management quality. The APS-POQ-R was translated into Bahasa Indonesia according to international guidelines. The translation result was tested in 102 patients who underwent elective surgery at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from March to April 2017. Coefficient Aiken V formula was used for content validity test while factor analysis and corrected item total correlation were used for construction validity test. Reliability was tested using internal consistency (Chronbach α). Aiken V formula showed the Indonesian version of APS-POQ-R was valid with score of 0.8–1 (scale V was ≥0.5). Factor analysis generated five main factors out of 18 instrument questions: activity and sleep disturbances, impact of pain to emotion, side effects, pain management perception, and pain scale. Construction validity test with corrected item total correlation showed all questions has good correlation, which ranged between 0.244–0.799 (correlation ≥0.3). Correlation between each factors of the Indonesian version of APS-POQ-R ranged 0.319–0.407. Internal consistency test showed the Indonesian version of APS-POQ-R was reliable with score of 0.663 (α > 0.5). The Indonesian version of APS-POQ-R is valid and reliable to measure postoperative pain management quality.
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Hughes, James A., Sarah Hazelwood, Anna-Lisa Lyrstedt, et al. "Enhancing pain care with the American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire for use in the emergency department (APS-POQ-RED): validating a patient-reported outcome measure." BMJ Open Quality 13, no. 1 (2024): e002295. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjoq-2023-002295.
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BackgroundIn general, the quality of pain care in emergency departments (ED) is poor, despite up to 80% of all ED patients presenting with pain. This may be due to the lack of well-validated patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) of pain care in the ED setting. The American Pain Society-Patient Outcome Questionnaire-Revised Edition (APS-POQ-R), with slight modification for ED patients, is a potentially useful PROM for the adult ED, however it is yet to be completely validated.MethodsAdult patients, who had presented with moderate to severe acute pain, were recruited at two large inner-city EDs in Australia. A modified version of the APS-POQ-R was administered at the completion of their ED care. Responses were randomly split into three groups and underwent multiple rounds of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis with testing for construct, convergent, divergent validity and internal consistency.ResultsA total of 646 ED patients (55.6% female), with a median age of 48.3 years, and moderate to severe pain on arrival, completed the ED-modified APS-POQ-R. Psychometric evaluation resulted in a reduced nine-question tool, which measures three constructs (pain relief and satisfaction (α=0.891), affective distress (α=0.823) and pain interference (α=0.908)) and demonstrated construct, convergent, divergent validity, and internal consistency.ConclusionsThis new tool, which we refer to as the American Pain Society-Patient Outcome Questionnaire-Revised for the ED (APS-POQ-RED), should form the basis for reporting patient-reported outcomes of ED pain care in future quality improvement and research.
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Schultz, Helen, Ulla Skræp, Tanja Schultz Larsen, et al. "Psychometric evaluation of the Danish version of a modified Revised American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire (APS-POQ-R-D) for patients hospitalized with acute abdominal pain." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 19, no. 1 (2019): 117–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sjpain-2018-0106.
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Abstract Background and aims This paper forms part of a study evaluating the effect of patient-controlled oral analgesia for patients admitted to hospital with acute abdominal pain. Pain is a subjective experience, and a multifaceted evaluation tool concerning patient-reported outcome measures is needed to monitor, evaluate, and guide health care professionals in the quality of pain management. The Revised American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire (APS-POQ-R) is a validated multifaceted evaluation tool for measuring patient-reported pain experiences to evaluate different pain management interventions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of a modified Danish version of the Revised American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire (APS-POQ-R-D) used during and after hospitalization for patients with acute abdominal pain. Methods The APS-POQ-R was translated into Danish and two slightly different questionnaires were formed. Questionnaire one had 39 items and the six subscales pain severity (pain), perception of care (satisfaction), pain interference with function (activity) and emotions (emotion), side effects of treatment (safety), and patient-related barriers to pain management. The questionnaire focused on time during hospital stay and was to be completed at discharge. Questionnaire two included 25 items and the five subscales pain, satisfaction, activity, emotion, and safety and focused on time at home and was to be completed daily 1 week after discharge. The questionnaires were tested on 156 patients with acute abdominal pain. Internal consistency reliability and construct validity was examined. Results In both questionnaires, the results of correlations and tests for internal consistency reliability showed a Cronbach’s alpha of >0.7 for the pain, activity, and emotion subscales, but the value was ≥0.69 for the satisfaction subscale. In questionnaire one, Cronbach’s alpha was ≤0.64 for the safety subscale, but this was 0.73 when the item “itching” was deleted. In questionnaire two, Cronbach’s alpha was ≤0.51 for the safety subscale. For the patient-barrier subscale in questionnaire one, Cronbach’s alpha was ≤0.62 for any combination of the items in the subscale. The results of the construct validity and factor analysis showed a five-factor structure in questionnaire one and a three-factor structure in questionnaire two. In questionnaire one, items from the pain, activity, emotion, and safety subscales, except for the items “least pain” and “itching,” loaded on factor one. In questionnaire two, all items from the pain, activity, and emotion subscales loaded on factor one. Conclusions The modified APS-POQ-R-D demonstrated adequate psychometric properties for the five subscales pain severity (pain), perception of care (satisfaction), pain interference with function (activity) and emotions (emotion), side effects of treatment (safety), but not for the patient-barrier subscale for patients hospitalized with acute abdominal pain. Consequently, the APS-POQ-R-D may be used without the patient-barrier subscale. Implications The clinical implications of this study may help clinicians with investigating how acute patients manage pain during and after hospital admission.
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Gordon, D., R. Polomano, D. Gentile, et al. "Validation of the revised American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire (APS-POQ-R)." Journal of Pain 12, no. 4 (2011): P3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2011.02.011.
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Kapoor, Ruchi, Steffi Dua, and Ashok Kumar Saxena. "Assessment of Quality of Pain and Patient Satisfaction using ASSIST Questionnaire Following Intraperitoneal Instillation of Ropivacaine Compared with the Addition of Adjuncts Ketamine versus Dexmedetomidine in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy patients." Journal of Anaesthesia and Pain 5, no. 1 (2024): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jap.2024.005.01.01.
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Background: Evaluation of patient satisfaction score and to assess quality of pain relief following intraperitoneal instillation of Ropivacaine with adjuncts Dexmedetomidine vs Ketamine using modified version of revised APS-POQ in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Methods: Sixty patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomised into three groups of 20 each and received Ropivacaine 0.2 % (group R), Ropivacaine 0.2 % with Dexmedetomidine 0.7µg/ kg (group RD) and Ropivacaine with Ketamine 0.5 mg/kg (group RK) in a total volume of 40 ml. Pain severity, subjective pain complaints, pain interference in physical activity, and patient's and caregiver's satisfaction were evaluated using a modified version of the revised APS-POQ at 24 hours postoperatively. Result: Mean pain scores for worst pain were observed to be least in Group RD, with mean values being 1.75±1.743, followed by 5.45±1.701 in Group R and mean value of 5.60±0.754 in Group RK. Mean patient satisfaction scores were found to be highest in Group RD (94.00±8.826), followed by Group R (80.00±15.218), and least in Group RK (78.50±12.258). This difference was observed to be statistically significant (p<0.05) in all groups. Primary care physicians caring for the RD group had higher satisfaction scores (9.40±0.883) compared to Group RK (7.85±1.226) and Group R (8.05±1.468) Conclusion: Quality of pain relief improved the best with Dexmedetomidine followed by Ketamine and least when Ropivacaine used alone for intraperitoneal instillation. The overall patients' satisfaction was found to be more with Ropivacaine with Dexmedetomidine when compared to Ropivacaine alone or with Ketamine
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Reza, Widianto Sudjud, Fajar Hartanto Adimas, Herman Sitanggang Ruli, et al. "Patient Satisfaction on Pain Management Post Open Cardiac Surgery at the First 24 Hours after Extubation in Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung, Indonesia." Journal of Health and Medical Sciences 3, no. 2 (2020): 170–76. https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1994.03.02.111.
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Assessment of postoperative cardiac pain management needs to be conducted to evaluate success in pain management after cardiac surgeries. Up to the present time, assessment of postoperative cardiac pain management has not been done in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the level of patient's satisfaction on pain management after having an open cardiac surgery at the first 24 hours post-extubation at Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung. A cross sectional study was conducted by using a questionnaire in the ICU of Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung from 18th June 2019 until 10th January 2020. The examination of patient satisfaction was carried out through the Indonesian-version of American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire Revised (APS-POQ-R). All 51 patients in that period agreed to participate in the study. The results showed that patients were satisfied (90.2%) and very satisfied (9,8%) with pain management in the first 24 hours after open cardiac surgery extubation at Hasan Sadikin Hospital. In summary, all patients were highly satisfied with pain management in the ICU of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung
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Yudianto, Kurniawan, and Ni Putu Mulia Fernanda. "Evaluation of Pain Management in Post-Spinal Decompression and Posterior Stabilization Patients: Case Study." Journal of Nursing Care 7, no. 2 (2024): 87–95. https://doi.org/10.24198/jnc.v7i2.45423.
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Postoperative pain needs to be a concern for nurses because pain causes discomfort, one of the basic human needs. Untreated postoperative pain can affect quality of life and the recovery process. With a management approach, the nursing process can be integrated with the management process. Control and evaluation as part of the management process is important because at this stage the nursing manager can determine the quality of care provided. This case study aims to describe the use of the Revised American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire (APS-POQ-R) in evaluating pain management. Patient was admitted with post-spinal decompression and posterior stabilization e.c tuberculosis spondylitis. Pain management includes observing pain, deep breathing relaxation techniques and praying/dzikir, providing education about the causes, triggers, and strategies to relieve pain, as well as providing collaborative measures of ketorolac analgesics. Evaluation of pain management with this questionnaire was carried by researcher out in the first 24 hours postoperative. After receiving pain management, an overview of the severity and reduction of patient pain, the impact of pain on activity, sleep, and negative emotions, the side effects of using ketorolac, the usefulness of information about pain management, the patient's ability to participate in pain treatment decisions, and use of non-pharmacological strategies. The APS-POQ-R can be used to evaluate of six aspects of patient pain management.
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Botti, Mari, Damien Khaw, Emmy Brandt Jørgensen, Bodil Rasmussen, Susan Hunter, and Bernice Redley. "Cross-Cultural Examination of the Structure of the Revised American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire (APS-POQ-R)." Journal of Pain 16, no. 8 (2015): 727–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2015.03.016.
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Erden, Sevilay, Sevil Güler, İlknur Tura, İsmail Furkan Başibüyük, and Umut Ece Arslan. "Evaluating patient outcomes in postoperative pain management according to the revised American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire (APS-POQ-R)." Applied Nursing Research 73 (October 2023): 151734. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apnr.2023.151734.
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Maria Panjaitan, Malina Resta, Dewi Arsinta, and Rose Mafiana. "The Quality Test for Postoperative Pain Management using the American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire Revisied (APS-POQ-R) version Indonesia at Mohammad Hoesin Hospital in Palembang (A study of the quality level of postoperative pain management." Jurnal RSMH Palembang 1, no. 2 (2020): 41–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/jrp.v1i2.6.
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A B S T R A C TPain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual orpotential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage. APS-POQ-R (RevisedAmerican Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire) is a measuring tool for assessingthe quality of postoperative pain management by exploring patient experiences andoutcomes. This research aims to assess the quality of postoperative pain managementat Mohammad Hoesin Hospital Palembang and to determine the factors that influenceit. The Cross-sectional observational analytic study was conducted toward 51respondents. Data was collected primarily by using questionnares and interview. Datawas analyzed by using chi-square. The study showed that the quality of postoperativepain management at RSUP Mohammad Hoesin General Hospital Palembang has goodquality with a total of 27 patients (52.9%). From statistical analysis there wassignificant relationship between the quality of post-operative pain management withage (p=0,037), gender (p=0,027), ethnicity (p=0,039), education level (p=0,039), andeconomic level (p=0,005). So it can be concluded that was a significant relationshipbetween the quality of post-operative pain management with age, gender, ethnicity,education level, and economic level.
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Gordon, Debra B., Rosemary C. Polomano, Teresa A. Pellino, et al. "Revised American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire (APS-POQ-R) for Quality Improvement of Pain Management in Hospitalized Adults: Preliminary Psychometric Evaluation." Journal of Pain 11, no. 11 (2010): 1172–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2010.02.012.
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K. Jhingan, MridaA, SumitraG Bakshi, and Aparna Chatterjee. "Translation and validation of the revised American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire (APS-POQ-R) for evaluating the effectiveness of acute pain services in the Indian population." Indian Journal of Anaesthesia 67, no. 2 (2023): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ija.ija_474_22.
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Lovasi, Orsolya, Péter Gaál, Andrea Léber, and Judit Lám. "A műtét utáni fájdalomcsillapítás minőségének felmérési lehetőségei: többdimenziós eszközök." Lege Artis Medicinae 32, no. 4-5 (2022): 197–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.33616/lam.32.017.
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A nem megfelelően kezelt műtét utáni fájdalom számos káros következménnyel járhat. Eredményes és hatékony csillapításához elengedhetetlen a megbízható mérőeszközökkel végzett rendszeres fájdalomfelmérés. A folyóirat ez év februári számában megjelent közleményünkben az egydimenziós fájdalomfelmérő skálák főbb tulajdonságait mutattuk be. Megállapítottuk ezek legnagyobb hátrányát, ugyanis csak a fájdalom intenzitását mérik, ami nem feltétlenül ad elegendő és megbízható támpontot a terápiás döntésekhez. Jelen tanulmány fő célja a műtét utáni fájdalom felmérésére alkalmas többdimenziós mérőeszközök, illetve azok főbb összetevőinek, alkalmazási körének bemutatása a releváns szakirodalmi közlemények áttekintése alapján. A PICO (population, intervention, control, and outcomes) technika segítségével végzett szisztematikus irodalomkutatás során 396 elérhető és értékelhető cikket találtunk. Ezek közül a legfontosabb 41 angol és 4 magyar nyelvű írás eredményeit összegezzük. A többdimenziós fájdalomfelmérő eszközök közül részletesen tárgyaljuk az Amerikai Fájdalomtársaság betegkimeneti kérdőívének (APS-POQ-R), a svéd Stratégiai és Klinikai Minőségi Indikátorok a Posztoperatív Fájdalom Menedzsmentben (SCQIPP) kérdőívének és a német Posztoperatív Fájdalommenedzsment Fejlesztési Projekt (QUIPS) betegkimeneti kérdőívének jellemzőit. Az egydimenziós skálákkal szemben a többdimenziós mérőeszközök a fájdalom intenzitása mellett értékelik annak egyéb, pszichoszociális aspektusait is. Így lényegesen pontosabb képet adnak a fájdalom természetéről, ugyanakkor alkalmazásuk több időt és körültekintést igényel, és nem minden betegcsoport esetében használhatók. Ennek megfelelően az egydimenziós skálák inkább a klinikai gyakorlat támogatására alkalmasak olyan esetekben, amelyekben a többdimenziós eszközök használata nem lehetséges. Minőségfejlesztési és kutatási célra elsősorban a többdimenziós mérőeszközök alkalmazhatók.
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Zoёga, S., T. Aspelund, G. Sigurdsson, S. E. Ward, H. Sveinsdóttir, and S. Gunnarsdóttir. "Pain assessment, documentation, and management in a university hospital." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 4, no. 4 (2013): 256–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2013.07.007.
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AbstractAimsTo determine if pain is assessed, documented, and treated in a university hospital according to recommended practice.MethodsA cross-sectional descriptive study, conducted in 23 medical and surgical wards in a university hospital. Participants were patients hospitalized for at least 24hours, ≥18 years of age, and able to participate. Data were collected from patients with a questionnaire (APS-POQ-R), from their medical records, and from Therapy®, the hospital medication system.ResultsThe response rate was 73%. Participants (N =308) mean age was 67.5 years (SD = 17.4), 50.5% were women. Pain prevalence in the past 24 h was 83.1% and severe pain was experienced by 34.5%. Descriptions of pain were documented for 60.7%. Standardized methods of assessment were used in 11.6% of patients, other forms of documentation included descriptions as “no pain-complaints”, and “patient received 2 Panodil”. The majority of patients (66.8%) were prescribed pain medications and 34.0% of patients used non-pharmacological methods to treat their pain. The pain management index (PMI = prescribed pain medication – worst pain severity) was negative for 38.6% indicating insufficient treatment. The PMI was more favorable in surgical compared to medical patients, x2(6, N = 306) = 17.81, p = 0.007.ConclusionsPain was both prevalent and severe. Although some form of documentation of pain was recorded for the majority of patients, pain was rarely assessed with standardized methods. Many patients did not receive adequate treatment. There is a need to improve the pain management practices in the hospital, with an initial emphasis on pain assessment.
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Arifina, Rafzana, Monira Parveen, and Md Sayedur Rahman. "Cross-Cultural Translation and Validation of Selected Tools to Evaluate Patients Satisfaction Level in Different Pain Management Settings." Bangladesh Journal of Pain 1, no. 1 (2024): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.62848/bjpain.v1i1.6410.
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Background: Pain is the most common reason to seek medical care. Various medical issues can be evaluated by using different validated assessment instruments. The health care providers face methodological issues and problems associated with validated instruments at different clinical settings. to overcome this situation translation is the most common procedure. This study was designed to evaluate the applicability of common clinical evaluation tool after linguistic validation to assess the relation between pain reduction and level of satisfaction in patients with the outcome of pain management. Different tool such as VAS, MISS-21, APS-PQR and PSRS were translated and validated for using in emergency facility, post-operative ward and in chronic low back pain patient at outpatient setting.Methods: The translation process included synthesis translation, forwardstranslation, backwards translation, reconciliation and pretesting steps. The success of the translation process was evaluated by scoring each item into comparability, similarity of interpretability and understandability, which ranged by Likert scales. The properties of the provincial language versions of the three questionnaires for pain management were relevant and comprehensive. The MISS-21 subscale was used to measure the satisfaction level of the patients with the consultation into four categories, and the results are expressed as the mean±SD. The unpaired t-test was performed. The APS-POQ-R consisted of 23 primary items in which the response was measured as a continuous scale.Results: The mean value of patient satisfaction with the pain treatment was 7.42(±1.34). The item correlation and reliability (Cronbach’s alpha) for all 20 items was 0.85. The PSSS was used to evaluate the satisfaction level in chronic low back pain. The comparison of the pain severity was expressed as the mean±SD, and a paired test was performed, which was significant.Conclusion: These tools were suitable to assess the relationship between painreduction and level of satisfaction in patients. Adaptation of the translated and validated tools may be beneficial for the research community.
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Dervishi, Alketa, Brizida Refatllari, Flora Zyberaj, et al. "The Association of Demographic Factors with Pain in Patients After Surgery." Interdisciplinary Journal of Research and Development 11, no. 3 (2024): 52. https://doi.org/10.56345/ijrdv11n308.
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Background. Pain is considered a subjective, unpleasant, multidimensional experience, which includes different emotional, affective or cognitive components, related to actual or potential tissue damage. Pain is the most common symptom that patients report after surgical procedures. Studies show that the prevalence of postoperative pain can reach up to 80%. Aim. Evaluation of the level of postoperative pain and its association with socio-demographic characteristics. Materials and Methods. This is a crossectional study carried out at University Hospital Centers, Tirana, during the period 2022 – 2023. American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire (APS-POQ-R)1995/2010 for “Evaluation of Postoperative Pain management”, revised in 2010 was used for data collection. Pain assessment was conducted 6-24 hours after the surgical procedure. Results. A total of 237 patients with a mea age 49.5 (±18.9) yrs and range 18 to 88 years were interviewed. 45.6 % were females and 54.4% males. The prevalence of POP was 79.3%, 95CI (74.2.-83.7). A significant association of pain with gender, agegroup, level of education was found. Conclusion. Acute pain management continues to be a very serious clinical issue. It was concluded that the age, gender, level of education, civil status and residence of patients were significant factors in POP. In order to achieve a more effective management of POP, other studies should be carried out in the future, to evaluate in a more real way, the association of demographic data with pain after surgery. Received: 2 August 2024 / Accepted: 27 October 2024 / Published: 3 December 2024
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Zoëga, S., S. Ward, T. Aspelund, H. Sveinsdóttir, G. Sigurdsson, and S. Gunnarsdóttir. "Pain prevalence in a university hospital in Iceland." Scandinavian Journal of Pain 3, no. 3 (2012): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpain.2012.05.030.
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Abstract Background/aims Despite multiple efforts to improve practice, pain is prevalent in many hospital settings causing unnecessary complications and suffering. The aim of the study was to explore the epidemiology of pain in a university hospital in Iceland. Methods A point prevalence study was conducted in 23 departments in medical and surgical services in a 650 bed university hospital in January 2011. Data was collected from medical charts and with a questionnaire (APS-POQ-R) assessing pain severity and quality of pain management. Participants had to be 18 years or older, hospitalized for at least 24 h, speak Icelandic, alert, and able to participate. Results Of the 369 participants the mean (SD) age was 67.9 (17.6) years (range 18–100) and gender proportions were equal. Response rate was 80%. Of patients in pain (scoring ≥1 on a 0–10 scale) the mean (SD) worst pain severity was 5.6 (2.5). Total pain prevalence was 80.4%, but of patients in pain 36.5% had mild (1–4) pain, 22.6% moderate (5–6) and 40.9% had severe (7–10) pain. The mean (SD) proportion of time spent in severe pain was 25.9% (27.0%). Pain was both more prevalent, [χ2(1, N= 367) = 7.05, p = 0.008] and severe [t(365) =−4.16, p = 0.000] in women compared to men. Similarly, pain was more prevalent [χ2(1, N= 368) = 9.71, p = 0.002] and severe [t(216,2) =−3.18, p = 0.002] in surgical services compared to medical. Worst pain severity was weakly negatively associated with age [r(369) =−0.23, p = 0.000]. Worst pain severity was higher in patients receiving pain medications [t(357) =−9.84, p = 0.000] and in patients using non-pharmacological methods to treat their pain [t(311.7) =−5.76, p = 0.000]. Conclusions Pain was prevalent in the hospital and an unsatisfactory proportion of patients experienced moderate to severe pain. The quality of pain management in the hospital needs to be improved. Further studies are needed to test and evaluate the efficacy and effectiveness of interventions aimed at advancing pain practice in the hospital setting.
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Chaw, Sook Hui, Yoke Lin Lo, Jia Yin Lee, et al. "Evaluate construct validity of the Revised American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire in gynecological postoperative patients using confirmatory factor analysis." BMC Anesthesiology 21, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12871-020-01229-x.
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Abstract Background The Revised American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire (APS-POQ-R) evaluates the patient-reported quality of pain management in adults. A validated APS-POQ-R is pivotal to guide effective pain management with better patient satisfaction. Previous studies revealed that subscales of “patients’ perception of pain management” were unstable cross-culturally. This study aims to evaluate the construct validity of the APS-POQ-R in gynecological postoperative patients with a multi-cultural background using confirmatory factor analysis to allow comparisons among different a priori models at the latent factor level. Methods Patients aged 18 years old or above and who were scheduled for gynecology surgery were selected. Three different models with a combination of latent factors were based on a priori hypotheses from previous studies. The root-mean-squared error of approximation, comparative fit index, Tucker-Lewis Index, Chi-squared test, and change in Chi-squared statistic given a change in degrees of freedom between models were used to assess the model fit to the present data. Results A total of 302 patients completed the questionnaire. The five-factor model which was based on Gordon’s study has an acceptable fit for the data and was superior when compared to the one-factor baseline model. Although the four-factor model, which originated from Botti’s study, also demonstrates a good model fit, the “perception of care” construct was excluded in this model. The “perception of care” construct is conceptually important as patient-centered care has become the focus of quality improvement of pain service. Conclusions The APS-POQ-R is easy to administer and is useful for quality evaluation in postoperative pain management. The present study demonstrates that a five-factor structure of the APS-POQ-R is the best fitting model in our patient sample. The results of this study provide further evidence to support the use of APS-POQ-R as a measurement tool for pain management evaluation in acute postoperative patients with a multi-cultural background.
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Wang, Hui, Gwen D. Sherwood, Shuang Liang, et al. "Comparison of Postoperative Pain Management Outcomes in the United States and China." Clinical Nursing Research, May 17, 2021, 105477382110128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10547738211012832.
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To compare pain management outcomes in postoperative patients from an American hospital and a Chinese hospital. A convenience sample of 244 patients in the United States and 268 patients in China with similar surgical sites completed the American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire-Revised (APS-POQ-R) and the Pain Management Index (PMI) was calculated on their first postoperative day. Patients in the United States reported a higher score on the “perception of pain management” subscale of the APS-POQ-R and a higher proportion of adequate treatment as measured by the PMI (85.2% vs. 39.0%, p < .001). Patient education and degrees of pain relief predicted patient satisfaction with pain management (item in APS-POQ-R) in patients from both countries. A higher level of compliance with pain management guidelines has contributed to a higher level of perception in patients in the United States. Establishing procedure-specific protocols and clinical pathways may improve pain management outcomes for Chinese patients.
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Huang, Meina, and Zheyi Chen. "Evaluating pain outcomes in Chinese ophthalmology patients using the APS-POQ-R-C: a Rasch analysis." Frontiers in Psychology 16 (May 5, 2025). https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1558111.
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BackgroundThis study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Revised American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire (APS-POQ-R-C) using Rasch analysis, to optimize the APS-POQ-R-C for effective pain assessment in Chinese postoperative ophthalmic patients.MethodsThe polytomous analysis approach of the Rasch model was used to comprehensively evaluate the applicability of the APS-POQ-R-C scale in postoperative ophthalmic patients. Using a sample of 294 valid questionnaires, multiple aspects of the scale were tested, including unidimensionality, local independence of items, reliability and separation, item fit, person–item mapping, test information function, and differential item functioning (DIF) analysis.ResultsPrincipal component analysis of residuals, explained common variance (0.61) and omega hierarchical (0.72) of the APS-POQ-R-C scale demonstrates essential unidimensionality. The reliability and separation of person were 0.93 and 3.64, item were 0.99 and 10.32, indicating high reliability and separation. The standardized residual correlations between items were all below 0.7, suggesting local independence. The response category functioning results recommended merging categories 8, 9, and 10. Except for item P10, most items had infit and outfit mean square (MNSQ) values within acceptable ranges, indicating good fit to the Rasch model. Item P10’s MNSQ values exceeded 1.50. The person-item map indicating that item difficulty was generally higher than the mean ability of the population. The test information curve showed that the scale was most informative for individuals with higher levels of the latent traits. DIF analysis revealed slight gender-related differential functioning in items P5a, P5b, P5c, and P5d, with absolute DIF contrast greater than 0.5.ConclusionThe APS-POQ-R-C can be used to assess postoperative pain management effectively in the study sample, with overall good psychometric properties. Further optimization is suggested, including reducing item redundancy, incorporating more simple items and considering the potential influence of gender differences on responses to the scale.
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., Suwarman, Dedi F. Yadi, Supri Supriyadi, and Prapanca Nugraha. "Evaluation of post-elective surgery acute pain management profiles using the APS-POQ-R questionnaire: an observational study." Anaesthesia, Pain & Intensive Care 28, no. 3 (2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.35975/apic.v28i3.2479.
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Background & objective: Acute postoperative pain affects 80% of the patients undergoing elective surgery, which raises the risk of morbidity and lowers patient satisfaction with medical care. Various modalities have been employed to make the patient pain free. We studied post-elective surgery acute pain management profiles at a tertiary hospital in West Java, Indonesia to present an overview. Methodology: The American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire—Revised (APS-POQ-R) was used in this descriptive observational study. All patients who underwent elective surgery at a tertiary hospital in West Java, Indonesia between March and April 2023 and fulfilled the inclusion criteria, e.g., age from 18 to 65 y, fully conscious, able to communicate in Bahasa Indonesia, willing to participate, were included in the study. Within 24 h following the elective surgery, patients in the inpatient wards underwent interviews. Patients with impaired cognitive function, psychiatric disorders or uncooperative drug addiction, and patients who were planned for intensive care were excluded. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 26. The distribution of the data was examined using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The data was analyzed for the mean ± standard deviation, range or median and range. Results: About 161 people participated in the study. The majority of participants (60.9%) reported having moderate pain, and 59% with moderate nausea as a side effect of pain medication. Mild emotional status impairment and restricted activities were also observed. Eighty-one percent of the individuals reported having knowledge regarding pain management. With a median score of 8, patient satisfaction was at a favorable level. It is believed that 80% of patients respond well to pain treatment. The degree of patient participation was low. Conclusions: Despite various post-operative changes, the majority of respondents expressed great satisfaction with their pain management. Improved patient cooperation is therefore, necessary, in addition to encouraging non-pharmacological pain management and providing sufficient pain management information. Abbreviations: NRS - Numeric Rating Scale; ODS - One Daycare Surgery; PNB - peripheral nerve block; VAS - Visual Analog Scale; Keywords: APS-POQ-R questionnaire, patient satisfaction, postoperative pain management Citation: Suwarman, Yadi DF, Suryadi S, Nugraha P. Evaluation of post-elective surgery acute pain management profiles using the APS-POQ-R questionnaire: an observational study. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2024;28(3):481−488; DOI: 10.35975/apic.v28i3.2479 Received: December 28, 2023; Reviewed: January 08, 2024; Accepted: March 14, 2024
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Hughes, James A., Lee Jones, Joseph Potter, Alixandra Wong, Nathan J. Brown, and Kevin Chu. "An initial psychometric evaluation of the APS-POQ-R in acute pain presenting to the emergency department." Australasian Emergency Care, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.auec.2020.12.001.
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Zhang, Qingfen, Yaqing Wu, Shenda Hong, and Yi Feng. "Trajectory of worst pain within the first two weeks following pelvic and sacral tumor surgery and long-term outcome: a pilot observational prospective cohort study." BMC Anesthesiology 23, no. 1 (2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12871-023-02033-z.
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Abstract Background Pain management after pelvic and sacral tumor surgery is challenging and requires a multidisciplinary and multimodal approach. Few data on postoperative pain trajectories have been reported after pelvic and sacral tumor surgery. The aim of this pilot study was to determine pain trajectories within the first 2 weeks after surgery and explore the impact on long-term pain outcomes. Methods Patients scheduled for pelvic and sacral tumor surgery were prospectively recruited. Worst/average pain scores were evaluated postoperatively using questions adapted from the Revised American Pain Society Patient Outcome Questionnaire (APS-POQ-R) until pain resolution was reached or up to 6 months after surgery. Pain trajectories over the first 2 weeks were compared using the k-means clustering algorithm. Whether pain trajectories were associated with long-term pain resolution and opioid cessation was assessed using Cox regression analysis. Results A total of 59 patients were included. Two distinct groups of trajectories for worst and average pain scores over the first 2 weeks were generated. The median pain duration in the high vs low pain group was 120.0 (95% CI [25.0, 215.0]) days vs 60.0 (95% CI [38.6, 81.4]) days (log rank p = 0.037). The median time to opioid cessation in the high vs low pain group was 60.0 (95% CI [30.0, 90.0]) days vs 7.0 (95% CI [4.7, 9.3]) days (log rank p < 0.001). After adjusting for patient and surgical factors, the high pain group was independently associated with prolonged opioid cessation (hazard ratio [HR] 2.423, 95% CI [1.254, 4.681], p = 0.008) but not pain resolution (HR 1.557, 95% CI [0.748, 3.243], p = 0.237). Conclusions Postoperative pain is a significant problem among patients undergoing pelvic and sacral tumor surgery. High pain trajectories during the first 2 weeks after surgery were associated with delayed opioid cessation. Research is needed to explore interventions targeting pain trajectories and long-term pain outcomes. Trial registration The trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03926858, 25/04/2019).
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Yi-han, Wang, Tang Rong, Li Jun, et al. "Dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine for erector spinae plane block after posterior lumbar spine surgery: a randomized controlled trial." BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders 23, no. 1 (2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12891-022-05198-9.
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Abstract Purpose Due to lumbar spinal surgery is frequently accompanied with moderate-to-severe postoperative pain, it is necessary to find an effective postoperative analgesia for patients with this surgery. This study aimed to observe the analgesic effect of dexmedetomidine combined with ropivacaine erector spinae plane block (ESPB) used in posterior lumbar spine surgery. Methods In this clinical trial, patients undergoing posterior lumbar spine surgery were recruited and randomly divided into two groups: intervention and control. The intervention group (Group E) received 0.375% ropivacaine with 1 µg/kg dexmedetomidine in a total of 20 ml for ESPB; the control group (Group C) received 20 ml ropivacaine 0.375% for ESPB. US-guided ESPB was performed preoperatively in all patients. Demographics, anesthesia time, surgery time, and ASA grade from the participants were recorded at baseline. The primary clinical outcome measures were 2-, 4-, 8-, 12-, 24-and 48-h visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores after surgery at rest and movement state. Other end points included opioid consumption, number of PCIA presses, flurbiprofen-axetil consumption, quality of recovery and pain management after surgery. Results One hundred twenty patients were enrolled in the study (mean [SD] ages: Group E, 54.77 [8.61] years old; Group C,56.40 [7.87] years old; P = 0.280). The mean anesthesia time was 152.55 (15.37) min in Group E and 152.60 (16.47) min in Group C (P = 0.986). Additionally, the surgery time was 141.70 (15.71) min in Group E compared to 141.48 (17.13) min in Group C (P = 0.943). In addition, we found that the VAS pain scores in the resting state during the postoperative period at 8–48 h were lower in Group E than in Group C. However, the VAS pain scores in the active state were lower in Group E at 12–48 h (P < 0.05). More importantly, the consumption of opioids and flurbiprofen-axetil after surgery was also lower in Group E (P < 0.05). Subsequently, we administered questionnaires on the quality of recovery and pain management after surgery that were positively correlated with the postoperative analgesic effect. It was worth affirming that the QoR-15 scores and APS-POQ-R questionnaire results were different between the two groups, further confirming that the combination of drugs not only could obtain an ideal analgesic effect but also had no obvious adverse reactions (P < 0.05). Conclusions All the findings suggested that dexmedetomidine could significantly relieve postoperative pain and reduce the consumption of opioids in patients undergoing posterior lumbar spine surgery without obvious adverse reactions as a local anesthetic adjuvant. Further studies with larger sample sizes and different drug dosages may be useful in understanding the potential clinical benefits of dexmedetomidine.