Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Aptitude à l'apprentissage – Europe'
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Jore, Maxime. "Apprenance et proactivité : élaboration d'instruments et analyse des liens inter attitudinaux." Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100092/document.
Full textFaced with the challenges of globalization, Europe wishes to distinguish itself by developing a knowledge society in which the individual becomes a knowledge worker. Within this context, Europe would like that all postgraduate students will be able to learn with autonomy and to act as an entrepreneur in organizations. The analysis we have conducted concerns the study of the correlation between a positive attitude to learning called “learnance” and a positive attitude to entrepreneurial action. This supposes that in the near future, post-graduate students will need to focus on elaborating a lifelong learning strategy, and at the same time manage their career-building projects. After contributing actively to the development and adaptation of two scales measuring the learnance and the Proactive Personality Scale, the author of this research begins by validating the operational nature of these two measuring instruments. Then he makes a quantitative study of the manifestation of these attitudes among students in three areas of specialization on two levels of study. These observations lead us to note that the attitude of learnance, which can be defined as a cognitive curiosity involving emotion, is distinct from the attitude of proactivity, which implies a specific act involving anticipatory, controlled action and a taste for challenge. However, learnance with the degree of a proactive attitude will enable us to better characterize a readiness to self-directed learning. These two attitudes share an enthusiastic disposition to change, openness towards opportunities and a reinforcing of attitude by the presence of appropriate behaviour
Noel-Lepelletier, Béatrice. "Résistance(s) à l'apprentissage : des collégiens face à l'acte d'écrire." Nantes, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012NANT3007.
Full textMaubant, Philippe. "Penser l'alternance pour se former en alternance." Lyon 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO20028.
Full textOur mind purpose in this research is to try and understand the mechanisms of apprenticesship. Our wish has beeen to investigate the ways and the conditions of the act of learning but also to examine the methods of formation of both teachers and trainers. We have wished to sketch in fine the bases of a better learning and a better training. The process of training people facing difficulties led us to set the various problems of the act of learning and those of the act of formation in the specific context of alternantive formation, which is the guiding line along the technological and professionnal way. It is important to remind this singular educative way and more particularly alternative formation have been for several years as an alternative proposal to the general and traditional method. Bey and those incitements to give people and to give oneself an alternative formation, incitements sometimes havardsing the charm of a spell, it see med to us that is was pertinent to consider the plus values that alternative formation can bring, precisely as regards the act of learning and the act of training. In that search we started progressively from a prime question : how does one learn in alternative formations ? to proceed towards the following question : what are the conditions required for an alternative formation to facilitate apprrenticesships ? We assume that those formations do not a priori permit to offer to the public they receive an adequate context to apprenticesships or even reapprenticesships. In our research we wish to propose the conceptual frame of an act to learn in alternance, so that alternative formations may lead the learners to success
Jorro, José. "Identité, apprentissage et auto-organisation." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37594832v.
Full textLéziart, Jean. "Les représentations des capacités et des moyens dans les disciplines au lycée : les connaissances métacognitives des élèves." Lille 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL30005.
Full textThe study covers representations of abilities and means in subjects in french lycee. Most often previous surveys have been indeed restricted to a strict subject context. The first part - thoritical contribution- lays out the essential concepts as far as social representation and metacognition are concerned. Examining the previous surveys and the methods adopted enables the construction of an experimental situation. The second part - the stages of research - describes the hypotheses chosen and the operational process of this experimental situation. Choosing an open questionnaire allows to collect the data. It implies processing the latter through content analysis. The items thus examined - common to all the subjects or specific to each - lead to the evolving of categories : interests and basic knowledge, abilities, volition factors, personal methods of learning and external educational assistance. The third part implements a comparison between the subjects concerning these common and specific items. Results of the monovariate statistic processing - flat sort for each variable : school attendance, sex, sociocultural background and section attended, are compared to the hypotheses. The fourth part keeps only the common items in the comparison between subjects. Choosing a multivariate statistic processing - factor analysis (p. C. A. ), allows a new interpretation of the abilities and means
Saleemi, Anjum P. "Universal grammar and language learnability /." Cambridge : Cambridge university press, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35562111k.
Full textMartin, Claire. "Dynamique oscillatoire dans le système olfactif et représentation des odeurs : étude chez le rat vigile dans une tâche de reconnaissance olfactive." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10271.
Full textFourneau, Gérard. "Un corps pour savoir : comment apprennent les personnes allergiques ?" Paris 10, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA100145.
Full textThis work aims to highlight possible relationships between the body and the way of learning. Based on a statistical survey showing the effect of allergy on the way of learning, this work will deal with the links between body and mind in a naturalistic way. The body, as the embodiment of the self, to which any mental subjective experiment is also a corporal objective experiment, appears like a bio-psychical system that projects on the world, subject of knowledge, its purposes and its needs of meaning. This personal organization can be deeply disrupted by illness that is a temporary but specific perception of allergic people on the world. The survey proves that allergy affects the way ill persons perceive the world and learn through their body
Beretti, Jean. "La portée éducative de la formation des volontaires des seizièmes jeux olympiques d'hiver d'Albertville et de la Savoie. 1988-1992." Lyon 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO20043.
Full textThe volunteers of the olympic games of Albertville got in a position of apprenticeship to become the animators, the actors and the wtnesses of this gigantic feast lasting a few days. The research work aims at trying to describe, to explain and to understand what happened before and during the olympic games concerning especially training and personal development. The hypothesis : when the educational finalities are clearly expressed and when they are suited to the expectations of the learners, the learning capacity becomes evident and can be verifies whatever the age and the cultural conditions of the volunteers. The volunteers accepted this training and their mission because they perceived in the olympic games the double opportunity of living a great adventure and discovering new parts of their personality. The three parts of this research work describe successively : the frame and the participants, the process of the training, the educational event. The olympic games not only helped the individuals to achieve a personal development but also to understand their environment and the other people : so, the educational purpose, without having been formulated, is always present in the formation process
Créac'h, Cécile. "Les usages sociaux des voiliers : enjeux culturels des modes d'appropriation de la navigation." Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT3015.
Full textNóbrega, Germana Menezes da. "Une approche dialectique à la formation de théories : aspects conceptuels, formels et pragmatiques dans le cadre de l'apprentissage humain." Montpellier 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002MON20096.
Full textDrummond, Virginia. "L'apprentissage interculturel des managers participants du programme Y. M. P. (Young Managers Program) : Le cas de l'Université Arcelor." Paris 9, 2008. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2008PA090076.
Full textThere has been a notorious increase in the interest of researchers in France and around Europe and the rest of the world to understand, conceptualize and identify a kind of specific relational competency of international managers which would allow them to be better prepared to succeed a expatriation, a short-term international assignment, an international joint venture, and a post-merger, post-acquisition process. This competency is sought to be identified in the individual’s sphere within organizations that would help these ones to go through every process of change involving the direct confrontation of cultures and sub-cultures idiosyncratic to different contexts. (Spreitzer, G. M. , McCall, M. W. Et Mahoney, J. D, 1997 ; Ang et Earley, 200 ;Pierre, 2005, Calvez et Lee, 2008) This doctoral dissertation presents the main results of a case study undertaken under the preconizations of the Constructivist Version of Grounded Theory (Charmaz, 2006). Main results have allowed me to come out with six types of Intercultural Learning that take place within different patterns of interactions engaged amongst the participants of a seminar taking place within the Corporate University’s scope. I could also verify that in addition to this competency development, the organization could by means of its corporate university to encourage the construction its identity (Albert & Whetten, 1985 Schutz and alii. 2000, Sjödin and Wahlin, 2004) and would succeed to implement the consolidation of a shared vision (Senge, 1991)
Calandreau, Ludovic. "Contribution du réseau hippocampo-amygdalien à la sélection des informations pertinentes dans le conditionnement classique aversif chez la souris." Bordeaux 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR13301.
Full textLaurent, Pauline. "Entre pouvoir et vouloir apprendre, évolution des relations entre les fonctions exécutives et l’apprentissage autorégulé de l’enfance à l’adolescence." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA100014.
Full textSelf-regulated learning integrates motivational theories such as self-efficacy and goal setting, but also learning management strategies such as monitoring. It is often pointed out as responsible for the academic success or failure of a learner. Self-regulated learning can be defined as the thoughts, strategies and behaviors activated by a learner to achieve a predefined goal (Shunk & Zimmerman, 1998). This concept shares many points with the executive functions and metacognitive capacities (monitoring and control processes) which led us to examine, through various studies, the relationship between these two concepts. This research project aims at better understanding the links between the learner’s cognitive control (executive functions and metacognition) and the ability to regulate learning. We particularly focused on analysing the evolution of these relations between childhood and adolescence. Three studies were conducted. The first enabled us to develop a self-regulated learning assessment scale for CM1 and CM2 students. In addition, we studied the links between the executive functions, metacognition and self-regulated learning among the same population, as well as measured the effect of self-regulated learning training for first-year high school students. The results of these studies were combined with those of a previous research focused on the adults (Laurent, Fenouillet, Kaplan, Pinabiaux, & Montalembert, in preparation). They demonstrate a non-linear evolution of some parameters during development. Indeed, the abilities of inhibition and mental flexibility of students in CM1 and CM2 are related to their ability to regulate learning while we observe no significant relationship in the group of adolescents. Among the adults, we had previously found that executive difficulties were compensated by an increased use of self-regulation strategies (Laurent et al., in preparation). Contrary to our expectations, the adolescents did not benefit from the self-regulated learning training, both in the short and the long terms. The non-linear development of cerebral maturation as well as the evolution of the interest in school activities during development could be an explanation. This research brings new insights into the links between self-regulated learning and executive functions, as well as into the metacognitive mechanisms underlying the learning process. Future research may focus on the study of groups known for their executive disturbances or weak metacognitive abilities
Boisvert, Stéphanie. "Les effets de l'apprentissage du chant avec ou sans les gestes Curwen sur la justesse vocale et les habiletés perceptives des élèves de la maternelle." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/39749.
Full textNOTICE EN COURS DE TRAITEMENT
Titre de l'écran-titre (visionné le 9 juillet 2020)
L’objectif principal de cette étude était de comparer les effets de l’apprentissage du chant avec les gestes Curwen et sans ces gestes sur la justesse vocale et les habiletés perceptives des enfants de la maternelle. À cet effet, le groupe expérimental (avec gestes Curwen) et le groupe contrôle (sans geste Curwen) étaient respectivement composés de 33 enfants âgés de 5 et 6 ans. Tous les participants ont suivi 30 leçons musicales axées sur l’apprentissage de chansons. Les élèves du groupe expérimental ont travaillé le chant avec les gestes Curwen, alors que les élèves du groupe contrôle ont appris les mêmes chansons, mais sans les gestes. Avant et après la période d’instruction, tous les participants ont réalisé les épreuves visant à mesurer la justesse vocale et les habiletés perceptives. Des mesures de mémoire à court terme ont aussi été utilisées pour s’assurer de l’équivalence cognitive entre les groupes. De plus, un questionnaire rempli par les parents a permis de recueillir des informations sur l’environnement musical familial. Les résultats ont démontré une amélioration significative de la justesse vocale ainsi que des habiletés perceptives des participants entre le prétest et le post-test, pour l’ensemble de l’échantillon. Toutefois, aucune différence significative n’a été démontrée entre la justesse vocale des enfants du groupe expérimental (gestes Curwen) et celle du groupe contrôle (sans geste). De même, aucune différence significative n’a été démontrée entre les habiletés perceptives des enfants du groupe expérimental (gestes Curwen) et celle du groupe contrôle (sans geste). Nos résultats révèlent toutefois une corrélation significative de force modérée (r = 0,440) entre la justesse vocale et les habiletés perceptives de tous les enfants. En d’autres mots, meilleur était l’enfant à chanter avec précision, meilleur il était à distinguer les sons. En ce qui a trait au sexe, aucune différence n’a été constatée entre la justesse vocale des garçons et celle des filles. Finalement, l’environnement familial musical semble favoriser les habiletés perceptives, plus précisément la reconnaissance d’une mélodie de 4 sons, sans toutefois être lié de façon significative à la précision vocale des enfants.
The effects of learning to sing with and without Curwen hand signs on singing accuracy and perceptual abilities in kindergarten-age children were compared. Participants comprised an experimental group (Curwen signs) and a control group (without signs), each containing 33 children aged 5 to 6 years. All participants took 30 music lessons centered on learning songs. The experimental group learned songs using Curwen signs and the control group learned the same songs without signs. Before and after instruction, all participants were tested on singing accuracy and melodic perception. Short-term memory was assessed to ensure between-group equivalence. Complementary data were gathered from a parent-completed questionnaire on the home music environment. Results showed significantly improved singing accuracy and melodic perception from pretest to post-test for all participants. However, no significant difference in singing accuracy and melodic perception was found between the Curwen group compared to controls, or between boys and girls. Results showed a moderate positive correlation between vocal accuracy and perceptual abilities (r = .44), with higher vocal accuracy associated with higher perceptual abilities. In addition, the home music environment appeared to foster melodic perception, more specifically, recognition of a four-note melody, but with no significant effect on singing accuracy.
Paindorge, Martine. "Contribution à la progressivité des enseignements technologiques : les notions dans l'éducation technologique." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00119474.
Full textL'analyse des programmes du cycle 3 à la classe de seconde permet d'abord d'identifier une cohérence partielle avec la progressivité annoncée dans ces textes, une progressivité implicite puis une progressivité potentielle basée sur les notions de chaîne, coût, entreprise, information, processus, qualité, organisation et produit.
Ensuite, l'analyse d'entretiens réalisés auprès d'enseignants montre que la prise en charge de la progressivité varie selon leur spécialité professionnelle et le niveau d'enseignement.
Enfin, l'analyse de propos d'élèves de quatrième, de traces de leurs activités en classe et en entreprise indique une mobilisation partielle de la notion de qualité. Le rôle prescrit à l'élève (lecteur, concepteur ou réalisateur) et le contexte influent sur l'adoption d'un point de vue client, produit, fournisseur ou entreprise.
Arneton, Mélissa. "Bilinguisme et apprentissage des mathématiques : études à la Martinique." Thesis, Nancy 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010NAN21009/document.
Full textIn this thesis, we try to explain why French overseas pupils have got, for many years, inferior performances to their mainland French school fellows at national academic evaluations. The most surprising is that the observed differences are stronger in mathematics than in French. Then, we focus on the cultural characteristics (bilingualism and collective beliefs) able to influence the school learning, in a French Overseas Department considered as a ?natural laboratory?: Martinique. We carry out four studies with two educational levels (in elementary school and first year of the secondary school). In the first study, we make side analysis of several years' national academic data. They acknowledge the observation as a reality and they invalidate two hypotheses, one to a specific difference in a particular field of mathematics (in geometry for example) and a second relative to an item differential functioning. In the second study, an experimental procedure allows 1) to measure social and cognitive bilingualism of Martinican pupils, 2) to evaluate with different procedures the children performances in mathematics and 3) to collect their scores at national evaluations. This second study refutes the hypothesis of the influence of bilingualism on academic learning. In the third study, we deal with the link between social beliefs (specifically the children?s beliefs of the school disciplines) and their performances. The results do not allow to conclude that the martinican children have worst beliefs of the mathematics than the French mainland children. In the last study, we compile data collected in the precedent analysis, in order to refute the bilingualism?s influence on the school learning. Finally, in the same time, we explain our observations and we submit considered perspectives relatives, for one part, to methodology and the instruments used in this research and, for the second part, to others cultural perspectives, which could be explore
Rogalski-Muret, Janine. "Acquisition de la bidimensionalité (combinatoire, espace, mesure) chez les élèves d’âge scolaire et préscolaire." Paris 7, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985PA077079.
Full textFoucart, Julie. "Étude comparée des habilités opératoires et motrices de l'homme et du chimpanzé pour une utilisation d'outils trans-primatique : le cassage de noix." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0052.
Full textThe purpose of this work is to compare technical skills between human and chimpanzee for a relevant tool-use activity for these two species : nut-cracking. We perform real measurement of subjects' abilities to produce fonctional actions to accomplish the desired task in modified contextual situations. The different functional actions to accomplish the desired task in modified contextual situations. The different functional levels of the action organization are analysed : action strategies (choise of tools and form of action) and elementary movement. Results suggest that chimpanzee is able to, like human, subtly adapt his actions to task conditions. More precisely, we notice important inter-primatic similarities in the process of technical skills construction. Indeed, with experience, we observe : 1 - an increase of capacities to select the adequate tools and to perform a functional manipulation of them ; there is an increase of capacities to perceive and to master a higher number as well as more complex affordances structures and relational constraints ; 2 - an increase of the precision of the elementary movement adjustement to the constraints of the task
Wang, Kaili. "Modèle d'unité d'apprentissage d'hypermédia adaptatif." Compiègne, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010COMP1888.
Full textThis thesis concerns the design and the implementation of adaptive hypermedia Unit of Learning (UoL) models for pedagogical platforms and learning (content) management systems. The target users are the teachers who have not enough knowledge or experience on website developing. The goal of our research is to make the UoL design adapted to teacher’s psychological and pedagogical characteristics. In our research, teacher’s thinking style, teaching style and working domain are studied as the psychological and pedagogical elements for personalisation of a system. The work on modelling UoL is based on the quantitative and qualitative study on a questionnaire for deducing the rules with which we propose the pedagogical activities. A platform, named eCH (e-Course Help), is developed to represent UoLs in forms of online courses, showing the pedagogical structures adapted to teacher users
Pierron, Claudine. "De l’employabilité à l’apprenance chez les cadres utilisateurs des services de L’Apec." Thesis, Paris 10, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA100077.
Full textThe current world, where technological revolutions and social changes are happening with an increasing speed, leads us to question our experience, our career and our ability to perform and to learn. Actually, the steps of our career seem not to be sequential, an individual may reach a step without having passed the previous one. The classic career steps: exploration, progress, maintenance and decline may occur at any time and many times. Our era is experiencing a radical change with respect to time and to knowledge and this change deeply affects our way of living and working and contributes to the emergence of a new type of executive : flexible, interchangeable, short term focused, an executive forced to be an entrepreneur of himself and responsible to guarantee his employability.Our research questions the relationship to knowledge of executives using Apec services and their employability in this accelerated environment. Our goal is to understand how these executives act and develop their capacities and behaviors in response to employability challenges.Our approach aims to understand whether a link between learning readiness and employability may be considered and to clarify how it operates. Actually, for executives using Apec services the loss of employability leads them to consider new learning processes for that reason we question the interdependence between employability and learning readiness.The use of employability and learning readiness scales through a survey involving a sample of 196 executives using Apec services has evidenced the existence of a model for understanding how these executives maintain an develop their employability jeopardized by the multiple changes in their organization or in their job.Thanks to this methodological approach, we can see the evidence of the “Learning readiness” as linked to employability perception for executives using Apec services. Actually, employability and “Learning readiness” are allowing together development of capacities to anticipate, be trained, develop and enlarge their network in order to remain attractive into the job market
Nadjafizadeh, Marjan. "Rapport à l’apprendre et développement d’une culture de recherche en formation médicale professionnalisante : l’effet du contexte pédagogique en médecine et en maïeutique." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0003/document.
Full textApprehending the students' world cannot be undertaken without thinking about their ability to learn. How to be a student, the way to study and approaches as well as the variables that can affect the quality of learning have been studied for a considerable time. The way students conceptualise their learning, together with the study approaches specific to each profession could explain the learning style of individual students. It would be useful to investigate how students conceptualise their learning for university diplomas that lead to a degree as well as a professional qualification and normally require the undertaking of some research. We have explored the example of two health professions - medicine and midwifery. An interpretative comprehensive paradigm was used to understand the meaning given to the learning of research theory and practice by medical and midwifery students. Bearing in mind the meaning given by learners to their overall learning, to the more specific learning of research methodology as well as their perception of their learning environment, a typology of approaches has enabled the identification of various learning profiles for these students. The education to and by research does not occur at the same level in all learners. This study has found that the combination of an deep approach to learning, a positive perception of the study environment and an awareness of the usefulness of knowledge for its own sake all come into play and exercise an influence of their relation to learning. However, an appropriate teaching support also helps the learner better apprehend the meaning of learning and encourages reflection
Schiavi, Cédric. "La prestation scénique de l'enseignant : élément négligé de l'enseignement." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAG029.
Full textThis research is aimed at studying social interactions between teachers and pupils in the class group in the elementary school. The goal is to perceive their effects on the learnings.The ethnographic study is conducted in an interactionist prospect and in an inductive position. This work participates to demonstrate that production process of scholastic skills is impacted by the type of scholastic socialization that takes place in the class group. Although elementary school teachers are from the same institution, we reach to indentify different way to apply pedagogic authority which is the keystone of this socialization. Even though, to build their teaching strategy, teachers are establishing it on the double interpretation of social composition of pupils group and the local environment, identical strategies can finished by contrasted effects that depend on the type of theatrical performance which is based on the renewal of the pedagogic authority
Dagues, Véronique. "Savoir être qu'est-ce à dire ? : du métier d'homme d'"Emile" de J.-J. Rousseau au savoir-être des apprenants d'aujourd'hui." Thesis, Besançon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BESA1025/document.
Full textIf Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s radically innovative proposals for learning and teachning in tle 18th century nourished educational thought for two centuries, why did they collapse in the middle of 20th century with the development of Communicative and Action-oriented approaches, and, in their wake, the Common European Framework of References for Languages ? Or, alternatively, did these newer models of knowledge acquisition replay in some fashion or another the ideas contained in Rousseau’s Emile, or On Education ?Could it be that Rousseau’s fiction tell us about certain continuities and discontinuities in the Western intellectual tradition of educational thought since Plato ? If contemporary discussions of learning acquisition differ radically in Kantian terms of their ends, there are certain conditions necessary for vocational training to be transformed into life-skills (savoir-être).On the other hand, Rousseau’s Essay on the Origin of Languages asked a question to which contemporary linguists have been unable to give an adequate answer : does human language exists in order to express needs and thoughts ? Neither Rousseau, nor Saussure long after him, believed so. Lacan claimed that language serves another purpose besides communication. Others, writers and poets for example, regularly use language to say things otherwise unknown but recognizable nevertheless. Does this make language use’s purpose reducible to a form of expertise, or know-how (savoir-faire) ?In its rush to turn the pages of history, pedagogical approaches (notably Foreign Language Teaching and French Foreign Language programs) have deprived educational instructors of visionary aspects of Rousseau’s ideas about theses issues. This study shows their relevance to contemporary linguistic concerns
Perreault, Johanne. "Difficultés d'apprentissage en mathématiques chez les élèves du cheminement particulier continu (CPC) : variables cognitives." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27816/27816.pdf.
Full textThis study's main objective was to determine in what ways are characterized pupils aged 12 and 13 years attending the “Cheminement particulier continu” (CPC) regarding their math skills, their reading skills, their working memory, their visuo-spatial as well as their attention abilities. This study was also to assess the relationship between math skills and these different variables. The third objective was to compare student performance of CPC with a diagnosis of attention deficit disorder / hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) to those obtained by the CPC students without a diagnosis of ADHD in respect to the variables measured. Finally, we also wanted to compare result of the CPC student that are medicated for their ADHD to result of the CPC student that are not medicated for their ADHD. Forty students from 12 and 13 years of CPC were assess in this study. The results show that CPC students were significantly lower, with respect to five variables, than the students of the same age who do not have learning disabilities. No significant correlation was found between math skills and the study’s variables and between the different variables when used in conjunction with each other. In addition, the results show that CPC students with ADHD achieve similar results in the five variables under study that CPC students without ADHD. Finally, the results tell us that CPC students with ADHD medicated achieve results similar in the five variables under study that CPC students that are not medicated for their ADHD.
Tanguy, Franck. "Effets du Guidage sur l’apprentissage de connaissances primaires et de connaissances secondaires." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR21866/document.
Full textThis study deals with the role of instruction in learning scientific knowledge. In science as in other fields, two types of knowledge can be distinguished (Geary, 2007): on the one hand, primary knowledge, which is adaptative knowledge; on the other hand, secondary knowledge which depends on culture and which evolves according to this culture’s successive changes. For Geary (2007), primary knowledge can be acquired incidentally or from implicit learning whereas secondary knowledge requires some explicit learning, and often formal instruction.These two knowledge types also differ in terms of cognitive cost. Sweller’s load theory (2008) shows that the learning process depends on the amount of attentional resources of working memory required by the activity and on the structuring of this information in the long-term memory. While primary knowledge can be learnt with a low cognitive load, learning secondary knowledge will require a high cognitive load. Some types of explicit instruction, such as guidance (e.g., worked examples) have proven effective in the learning process (Renkl, 1997). Indeed, instructional guidance would facilitate knowledge acquisition as it would reduce the amount of cognitive resources involved in the learning process. Thus, instructional guidance to help young learners would be ineffective for primary knowledge and necessary for secondary knowledge. This study also aims at examining the effect of instructional guidance in Biology. Five experiments have been conducted with 420 students in 6th grade. Three guidance methods have been compared: strong guidance, adaptative guidance and no guidance. The first three experiments dealt with the primary knowledge of categorization of living species: living beings (Study I), plants (Study II) and animals (Study III). These experiments, of increasing difficulty, have shown that explicit instruction was not effective in learning this type of knowledge.. The other two experiments dealt with the secondary knowledge of the phylogenetic categorization of plants (Study IV) and animals (Study V). These studies have shown that secondary knowledge needs to be taught
Lemaire, Françoise. "Le rapport à la formation des sénior(e)s en emploi : contribution à une théorie de l’apprenance tout au long de la vie." Thesis, Paris 10, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA100130/document.
Full textThe further vocational training is considered as a good way to keep on job aging employees. But the older employees are, the less they get access to ongoing vocational training, regardless their profile. This assessment may imply that the older we get older, the less we are motivated to learn. However, the present study confirms that age has no direct impact on envy to learn. An analysis of interviews, targeting different employees sets (one group of 55-year-old employees, and another group of 40), points out other factors. Among them, professional perspectives are key elements. The relationship of senior employees to further vocational training connection unveils a relationship to work rather than a relationship to training, or to knowledge. Considering aging process as a motivational and biographic process and not as an inevitable effect of physiological or social decline would enable, perhaps, to re-establish a positive relationship of senior employees to further vocational training, hence would contribute to maintain their employability
Toczek-Capelle, Marie-Christine. "Systèmes de formation et conduites d'acquisition." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CLF20054.
Full textThis study registers in the social psychology of education. Originally, the question of this thesis is as follows : how can we regulate the learning behavior in an educational process? the main object of this study is to identify some causes controlling the information in an educational process. In a first part, we examined the publications relating social psychology and the education, and therefore, we were pointed out the impacts of different sources of variation about the learning behavior of learners. In a second part, four experiences tried to identify the mental process concerning the cognitive treatment of information in three educational operated processes. Beside, we showed the influence of the academic level, the awarding of success or failure, the social insertion and the academic stake
Zatla, Hicham. "Modélisation et analyse comportementale du système Pilote-fauteuil roulant électrique." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0251/document.
Full textThe Powered wheelchairs (PW) allowed many people with motor disabilities to find a suitable mobility, which improved their quality of life. Hence, a vast field of activities has become accessible for them. When prescribing a PW or in a learning phase, however, it is necessary to evaluate the ability of these people to drive a wheelchair. In this context, our goal is to determine relevant parameters to describe the quality of driving on PW for people with disabilities. First, we modeled the pilot-PW system using the OPCM (Optimal Preview Control Model) model proposed by Sharp. This model is based on the preview distance (Dp) of the user during his driving. This distance has been estimated thanks to an eye-tracking system combined with the ViEW 3D simulator of the LCOMS laboratory. A panel of 15 healthy subjects was recruited to drive the PW on a 3D simulator and to validate the OPCM modeling. This distance Dp allows to describe the behavior of the pilot. If this distance is important, it guarantees the tracking trajectory of the OPCM model. Otherwise, the OPCM model diverges. This shows that if the user looks a long part of his future path, he will better anticipate the future control applied to the PW (change of direction, braking, etc.), which allows him to follow his path. In this situation the user has a tracking behavior. In the otherwise, the user’s behavior is rather compensatory. Then, an analysis of preview distance Dp with respect to the different zones of the path (tight slalom, turn, wide slalom), showed that the parameter Dp can be used to differentiate the different driving behaviors related to the different situations of the path. Next, we compared the preview distance between two groups, familiar and novice with regard to the PW driving. The analysis showed that the familiar group has a greater distance value than the novice group. Finally, a last experiment took place at the Rehabilitation Center of Flavigny sur Moselle (54, France). We estimated the preview distance (Dp) for subjects with severe motor impairment, in order to validate the parameter Dp as a performance indicator. A case study analysis was established on five children with disabilities comparing their results with those previously obtained with the healthy subjects
Pellet, Gilles. "Phytoécologie, phytosociologie et potentialités fourragères des pelouses d'altitude en Oisans (Alpes françaises) : application à la vallée du Chazelet (la Grave, Hautes-Alpes)." Grenoble 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986GRE10126.
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