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Journal articles on the topic 'Aquaplanet'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

Last updated: 7 September 2023

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1

Yano, Jun-Ichi, and John L. McBride. "An Aquaplanet Monsoon." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 55, no. 8 (1998): 1373–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1998)055<1373:aam>2.0.co;2.

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2

Medeiros, Brian, Bjorn Stevens, Isaac M. Held, et al. "Aquaplanets, Climate Sensitivity, and Low Clouds." Journal of Climate 21, no. 19 (2008): 4974–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jcli1995.1.

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Abstract Cloud effects have repeatedly been pointed out as the leading source of uncertainty in projections of future climate, yet clouds remain poorly understood and simulated in climate models. Aquaplanets provide a simplified framework for comparing and understanding cloud effects, and how they are partitioned as a function of regime, in large-scale models. This work uses two climate models to demonstrate that aquaplanets can successfully predict a climate model’s sensitivity to an idealized climate change. For both models, aquaplanet climate sensitivity is similar to that of the realistic

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3

Geen, Ruth, F. H. Lambert, and G. K. Vallis. "Regime Change Behavior during Asian Monsoon Onset." Journal of Climate 31, no. 8 (2018): 3327–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-17-0118.1.

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Abstract As the ITCZ moves off the equator on an aquaplanet, the Hadley circulation transitions from an equinoctial regime with two near-symmetric, significantly eddy-driven cells to a monsoon-like regime with a strong, thermally direct cross-equatorial cell, intense low-latitude precipitation, and a weak summer hemisphere cell. Dynamical feedbacks appear to accelerate the transition. This study investigates the relevance of this behavior to monsoon onset by using primitive equation model simulations ranging from aquaplanets to more realistic configurations with Earth’s continents and topograp

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4

Merlis, Timothy M., and Isaac M. Held. "Aquaplanet Simulations of Tropical Cyclones." Current Climate Change Reports 5, no. 3 (2019): 185–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40641-019-00133-y.

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5

Zappa, Giuseppe, Valerio Lucarini, and Antonio Navarra. "Baroclinic Stationary Waves in Aquaplanet Models." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 68, no. 5 (2011): 1023–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2011jas3573.1.

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Abstract An aquaplanet model is used to study the nature of the highly persistent low-frequency waves that have been observed in models forced by zonally symmetric boundary conditions. Using the Hayashi spectral analysis of the extratropical waves, the authors find that a quasi-stationary wave 5 belongs to a wave packet obeying a well-defined dispersion relation with eastward group velocity. The components of the dispersion relation with k ≥ 5 baroclinically convert eddy available potential energy into eddy kinetic energy, whereas those with k &lt; 5 are baroclinically neutral. In agreemen

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6

Williams, Gareth P., and Kirk Bryan. "Ice Age Winds: An Aquaplanet Model." Journal of Climate 19, no. 9 (2006): 1706–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli3766.1.

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Abstract Factors controlling the position and strength of the surface winds during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) are examined using a global, multilevel, moist, atmospheric model. The idealized aquaplanet model is bounded below by a prescribed axisymmetric temperature distribution that corresponds to an ocean-covered surface. Various forms of this distribution are used to examine the influence of changes in the surface cooling and baroclinicity rates. The model omits seasonal variations. Increasing the cooling lowers the tropopause and greatly reduces the moist convection in the Tropics, ther

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7

Bhattacharya, Ritthik, Simona Bordoni, Kay Suselj, and João Teixeira. "Parameterization Interactions in Global Aquaplanet Simulations." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 10, no. 2 (2018): 403–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017ms000991.

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8

Shi, Xiaoming, Daehyun Kim, Ángel F. Adames, and Jai Sukhatme. "WISHE‐Moisture Mode in an Aquaplanet Simulation." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 10, no. 10 (2018): 2393–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2018ms001441.

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9

Hertwig, Eileen, Frank Lunkeit, and Klaus Fraedrich. "Low-frequency climate variability of an aquaplanet." Theoretical and Applied Climatology 121, no. 3-4 (2014): 459–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00704-014-1226-8.

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10

Geen, Ruth, F. Hugo Lambert, and Geoffrey K. Vallis. "Processes and Timescales in Onset and Withdrawal of “Aquaplanet Monsoons”." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 76, no. 8 (2019): 2357–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-18-0214.1.

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Abstract Aquaplanets with low-heat-capacity slab-ocean boundary conditions can exhibit rapid changes in the regime of the overturning circulation over the seasonal cycle, which have been connected to the onset of Earth’s monsoons. In spring, as the ITCZ migrates off the equator, it jumps poleward and a sudden transition occurs from an eddy-driven, equinoctial regime with two weak Hadley cells, to a near-angular-momentum-conserving, solstitial regime with a strong, cross-equatorial winter-hemisphere cell. Here, the controls on the transition latitude and rate are explored in idealized moist aqu

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11

Wang, Lu, Tim Li, and Tomoe Nasuno. "Impact of Rossby and Kelvin Wave Components on MJO Eastward Propagation." Journal of Climate 31, no. 17 (2018): 6913–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-17-0749.1.

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There are contrasting views concerning the impact of Rossby wave component of MJO flow on its eastward propagation. One view (called “drag effect”) argues that because Rossby waves propagate westward, a stronger Rossby wave component slows down the eastward propagation. The other view (called “acceleration effect”) argues that a stronger Rossby wave enhances east–west asymmetry of moist static energy (MSE) tendency and thus favors the eastward propagation. This study aims to resolve this issue through diagnosis of both idealized aquaplanet simulations and 26 models from the MJO Task Force/GEWE

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12

Rauscher, Sara A., and Todd D. Ringler. "Impact of Variable-Resolution Meshes on Midlatitude Baroclinic Eddies Using CAM-MPAS-A." Monthly Weather Review 142, no. 11 (2014): 4256–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/mwr-d-13-00366.1.

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Abstract The effects of a variable-resolution mesh on simulated midlatitude baroclinic eddies in idealized settings are examined. Both aquaplanet and Held–Suarez experiments are performed using the Model for Prediction Across Scales-Atmosphere (MPAS-A) hydrostatic dynamical core implemented within the National Science Foundation–Department of Energy (NSF–DOE) Community Atmosphere Model (CAM-MPAS-A). In the real world, midlatitude eddy activity is organized by orography, land–sea contrasts, and sea surface temperature anomalies. In these zonally symmetric idealized settings, transients should h

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13

Zarzycki, Colin M., Michael N. Levy, Christiane Jablonowski, James R. Overfelt, Mark A. Taylor, and Paul A. Ullrich. "Aquaplanet Experiments Using CAM’s Variable-Resolution Dynamical Core." Journal of Climate 27, no. 14 (2014): 5481–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00004.1.

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Abstract A variable-resolution option has been added within the spectral element (SE) dynamical core of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)–NCAR Community Atmosphere Model (CAM). CAM-SE allows for static refinement via conforming quadrilateral meshes on the cubed sphere. This paper investigates the effect of mesh refinement in a climate model by running variable-resolution (var-res) simulations on an aquaplanet. The variable-resolution grid is a 2° (~222 km) grid with a refined patch of 0.25° (~28 km) resolution centered at the equator. Climatology statistics from these simulations are compare

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14

Brunetti, M., J. Kasparian, and C. Vérard. "Co-existing climate attractors in a coupled aquaplanet." Climate Dynamics 53, no. 9-10 (2019): 6293–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-019-04926-7.

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15

Barpanda, Pragallva, and Tiffany A. Shaw. "Surface Fluxes Modulate the Seasonality of Zonal-Mean Storm Tracks." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 77, no. 2 (2019): 753–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-19-0139.1.

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Abstract The observed zonal-mean extratropical storm tracks exhibit distinct hemispheric seasonality. Previously, the moist static energy (MSE) framework was used diagnostically to show that shortwave absorption (insolation) dominates seasonality but surface heat fluxes damp seasonality in the Southern Hemisphere (SH) and amplify it in the Northern Hemisphere (NH). Here we establish the causal role of surface fluxes (ocean energy storage) by varying the mixed layer depth d in zonally symmetric 1) slab-ocean aquaplanet simulations with zero ocean energy transport and 2) energy balance model (EB

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16

Merlis, Timothy M. "Does Humidity’s Seasonal Cycle Affect the Annual-Mean Tropical Precipitation Response to Sulfate Aerosol Forcing?" Journal of Climate 29, no. 4 (2016): 1451–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-15-0388.1.

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Abstract Sulfate aerosol radiative forcing alters the distribution of tropical precipitation in climate model simulations. The annual-mean tropical precipitation change is typically described as arising from an annual-mean change in the mean atmospheric circulation. However, the seasonality of the climatology of tropical humidity may modulate the annual-mean precipitation response. Here, the role of seasonality of tropical humidity is assessed using reanalysis and idealized atmospheric general circulation model (GCM) simulations perturbed by sulfate aerosol radiative forcing. When coupled to a

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17

Thompson, David W. J., Paulo Ceppi, and Ying Li. "A Robust Constraint on the Temperature and Height of the Extratropical Tropopause." Journal of Climate 32, no. 2 (2018): 273–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-18-0339.1.

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Abstract In a recent study, the authors hypothesize that the Clausius–Clapeyron relation provides a strong constraint on the temperature of the extratropical tropopause and hence the depth of mixing by extratropical eddies. The hypothesis is a generalization of the fixed-anvil temperature hypothesis to the global atmospheric circulation. It posits that the depth of robust mixing by extratropical eddies is limited by radiative cooling by water vapor—and hence saturation vapor pressures—in areas of sinking motion. The hypothesis implies that 1) radiative cooling by water vapor constrains the ver

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18

Rauscher, Sara A., Todd D. Ringler, William C. Skamarock, and Arthur A. Mirin. "Exploring a Global Multiresolution Modeling Approach Using Aquaplanet Simulations*." Journal of Climate 26, no. 8 (2013): 2432–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-12-00154.1.

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Abstract Results from aquaplanet experiments performed using the Model for Prediction across Scales (MPAS) hydrostatic dynamical core implemented within the Department of Energy (DOE)–NCAR Community Atmosphere Model (CAM) are presented. MPAS is an unstructured-grid approach to climate system modeling that supports both quasi-uniform and variable-resolution meshing of the sphere based on conforming grids. Using quasi-uniform simulations at resolutions of 30, 60, 120, and 240 km, the authors evaluate the performance of CAM-MPAS via its kinetic energy spectra, general circulation, and precipitati

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19

Lee, Sukyoung, and Steven Feldstein. "Two Types of Wave Breaking in an Aquaplanet GCM." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 53, no. 6 (1996): 842–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1996)053<0842:ttowbi>2.0.co;2.

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20

Feldstein, Steven, and Sukyoung Lee. "Mechanisms of Zonal Index Variability in an Aquaplanet GCM." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 53, no. 23 (1996): 3541–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(1996)053<3541:mozivi>2.0.co;2.

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21

Narinesingh, Veeshan, James F. Booth, Spencer K. Clark, and Yi Ming. "Atmospheric blocking in an aquaplanet and the impact of orography." Weather and Climate Dynamics 1, no. 2 (2020): 293–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/wcd-1-293-2020.

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Abstract. Many fundamental questions remain about the roles and effects of stationary forcing on atmospheric blocking. As such, this work utilizes an idealized moist general circulation model (GCM) to investigate atmospheric blocking in terms of dynamics, geographical location, and duration. The model is first configured as an aquaplanet, then orography is added in separate integrations. Block-centered composites of wave activity fluxes and height show that blocks in the aquaplanet undergo a realistic dynamical evolution when compared to reanalysis. Blocks in the aquaplanet are also found to h

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22

Harris, Lucas M., Shian-Jiann Lin, and ChiaYing Tu. "High-Resolution Climate Simulations Using GFDL HiRAM with a Stretched Global Grid." Journal of Climate 29, no. 11 (2016): 4293–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-15-0389.1.

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Abstract An analytic Schmidt transformation is used to create locally refined global model grids capable of efficient climate simulation with gridcell widths as small as 10 km in the GFDL High-Resolution Atmosphere Model (HiRAM). This method of grid stretching produces a grid that varies very gradually into the region of enhanced resolution without changing the topology of the model grid and does not require radical changes to the solver. AMIP integrations were carried out with two grids stretched to 10-km minimum gridcell width: one centered over East Asia and the western Pacific warm pool, a

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23

Stevenson, David S. "Phytoclimatic mapping of exoplanets." International Journal of Astrobiology 19, no. 1 (2019): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550419000181.

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AbstractThe concept of exoplanetary habitability is evolving. The driving force is a desire to define the biological potential of planets and identify which can host complex and possibly intelligent life. To assess this in a meaningful manner, climate models need to be applied to realistic surfaces. However, the vast majority of climate models are developed using generic aquaplanet, or swamp planet, scenarios that provide uniform, surface frictional coefficients. However, aside from planets with largely uniform oceans, these models are not obviously useful when it comes to understanding the im

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24

NASUNO, Tomoe. "Equatorial Mean Zonal Wind in a Global Nonhydrostatic Aquaplanet Experiment." Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan 86A (2008): 219–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2151/jmsj.86a.219.

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25

Das, Surajit, Debasis Sengupta, A. Chakraborty, Jai Sukhatme, and Raghu Murtugudde. "Low-frequency intraseasonal variability in a zonally symmetric aquaplanet model." Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics 128, no. 6 (2016): 697–713. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00703-016-0448-y.

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26

Bodas‐Salcedo, A. "Cloud Condensate and Radiative Feedbacks at Midlatitudes in an Aquaplanet." Geophysical Research Letters 45, no. 8 (2018): 3635–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2018gl077217.

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27

Martini, Matus N., William I. Gustafson, Travis A. O'Brien, and Po-Lun Ma. "Evaluation of tropical channel refinement using MPAS-A aquaplanet simulations." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 7, no. 3 (2015): 1351–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015ms000470.

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28

Grabowski, Wojciech W. "Large-scale organization of moist convection in idealized aquaplanet simulations." International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 39, no. 9 (2002): 843–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.332.

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29

Privé, Nikki C., and R. Alan Plumb. "Monsoon Dynamics with Interactive Forcing. Part I: Axisymmetric Studies." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 64, no. 5 (2007): 1417–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3916.1.

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Abstract The applicability of axisymmetric theory of angular momentum conserving circulations to the large-scale steady monsoon is studied in a general circulation model with idealized representations of continental geometry and simple physics. Results from an aquaplanet setup with localized subtropical forcing are compared with a continental case. It is found that the meridional circulation that develops is close to angular momentum conserving for cross-equatorial circulation cells, both in the aquaplanet and in the continental cases. The equator proves to be a substantial barrier to boundary

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30

Khairoutdinov, Marat F., and Kerry Emanuel. "Intraseasonal Variability in a Cloud-Permitting Near-Global Equatorial Aquaplanet Model." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 75, no. 12 (2018): 4337–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-18-0152.1.

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Abstract Recent studies have suggested that the Madden–Julian oscillation is a result of an instability driven mainly by cloud–radiation feedbacks, similar in character to self-aggregation of convection in nonrotating, cloud-permitting simulations of radiative–convective equilibrium (RCE). Here we bolster that inference by simulating radiative–convective equilibrium states on a rotating sphere with constant sea surface temperature, using the cloud-permitting System for Atmospheric Modeling (SAM) with 20-km grid spacing and extending to walls at 46° latitude in each hemisphere. Mechanism-denial

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31

Lu, Jian, Gang Chen, L. Ruby Leung, et al. "Toward the Dynamical Convergence on the Jet Stream in Aquaplanet AGCMs." Journal of Climate 28, no. 17 (2015): 6763–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00761.1.

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Abstract Systematic sensitivity of the jet position and intensity to horizontal model resolution is identified in several aquaplanet AGCMs, with the coarser resolution producing a more equatorward eddy-driven jet and a stronger upper-tropospheric jet intensity. As the resolution of the models increases to 50 km or finer, the jet position and intensity show signs of convergence within each model group. The mechanism for this convergence behavior is investigated using a hybrid Eulerian–Lagrangian finite-amplitude wave activity budget developed for the upper-tropospheric absolute vorticity. The r

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32

Ajayamohan, R. S., Boualem Khouider, and Andrew J. Majda. "Simulation of monsoon intraseasonal oscillations in a coarse-resolution aquaplanet GCM." Geophysical Research Letters 41, no. 15 (2014): 5662–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014gl060662.

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33

Langen, Peter L., and Vladimir A. Alexeev. "Polar amplification as a preferred response in an idealized aquaplanet GCM." Climate Dynamics 29, no. 2-3 (2007): 305–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00382-006-0221-x.

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34

Maloney, Eric D., and Brandon O. Wolding. "Initiation of an intraseasonal oscillation in an aquaplanet general circulation model." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 7, no. 4 (2015): 1956–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015ms000495.

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35

Bhattacharya, Ritthik, Simona Bordoni, and João Teixeira. "Tropical precipitation extremes: Response to SST-induced warming in aquaplanet simulations." Geophysical Research Letters 44, no. 7 (2017): 3374–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2017gl073121.

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36

Seo, Jeongbin, Sarah M. Kang, and Dargan M. W. Frierson. "Sensitivity of Intertropical Convergence Zone Movement to the Latitudinal Position of Thermal Forcing." Journal of Climate 27, no. 8 (2014): 3035–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-13-00691.1.

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Abstract A variety of recent studies have shown that extratropical heating anomalies can be remarkably effective at causing meridional shifts in the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). But what latitudinal location of forcing is most effective at shifting the ITCZ? In a series of aquaplanet simulations with the GFDL Atmospheric Model, version 2 (AM2), coupled to a slab mixed layer ocean, it is shown that high-latitude forcing actually causes a larger shift in the ITCZ than when equivalent surface forcing is applied in the tropics. Equivalent simulations are run with an idealized general cir

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37

Lipat, Bernard R., Aiko Voigt, George Tselioudis, and Lorenzo M. Polvani. "Model Uncertainty in Cloud–Circulation Coupling, and Cloud-Radiative Response to Increasing CO2, Linked to Biases in Climatological Circulation." Journal of Climate 31, no. 24 (2018): 10013–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-17-0665.1.

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Recent analyses of global climate models suggest that uncertainty in the coupling between midlatitude clouds and the atmospheric circulation contributes to uncertainty in climate sensitivity. However, the reasons behind model differences in the cloud–circulation coupling have remained unclear. Here, we use a global climate model in an idealized aquaplanet setup to show that the Southern Hemisphere climatological circulation, which in many models is biased equatorward, contributes to the model differences in the cloud–circulation coupling. For the same poleward shift of the Hadley cell (HC) edg

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38

O’Gorman, P. A., Z. Li, W. R. Boos, and J. Yuval. "Response of extreme precipitation to uniform surface warming in quasi-global aquaplanet simulations at high resolution." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 379, no. 2195 (2021): 20190543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2019.0543.

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Projections of precipitation extremes in simulations with global climate models are very uncertain in the tropics, in part because of the use of parameterizations of deep convection and model deficiencies in simulating convective organization. Here, we analyse precipitation extremes in high-resolution simulations that are run without a convective parameterization on a quasi-global aquaplanet. The frequency distributions of precipitation rates and precipitation cluster sizes in the tropics of a control simulation are similar to the observed distributions. In response to climate warming, 3 h pre

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39

Adams, Arthur D., William R. Boos, and Eric T. Wolf. "Aquaplanet Models on Eccentric Orbits: Effects of the Rotation Rate on Observables." Astronomical Journal 157, no. 5 (2019): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab107f.

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40

Woolnough, S. J., J. M. Slingo, and B. J. Hoskins. "The Diurnal Cycle of Convection and Atmospheric Tides in an Aquaplanet GCM." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 61, no. 21 (2004): 2559–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3290.1.

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Abstract The diurnal cycle of tropical convection and its relationship to the atmospheric tides is investigated using an aquaplanet GCM. The diurnal and semidiurnal harmonics of precipitation are both found to contribute significantly to the total diurnal variability of precipitation in the model, which is broadly consistent with observations of the diurnal cycle of convection over the open ocean. The semidiurnal tide is found to be the dominant forcing for the semidiurnal harmonic of precipitation. In contrast the diurnal tide plays only a small role in forcing the diurnal harmonic of precipi

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41

Nasuno, Tomoe, Hirofumi Tomita, Shinichi Iga, Hiroaki Miura, and Masaki Satoh. "Multiscale Organization of Convection Simulated with Explicit Cloud Processes on an Aquaplanet." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 64, no. 6 (2007): 1902–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas3948.1.

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This study investigated the multiscale organization of tropical convection on an aquaplanet in a model experiment with a horizontal mesh size of 3.5 km (for a 10-day simulation) and 7 km (for a 40-day simulation). The numerical experiment used the nonhydrostatic icosahedral atmospheric model (NICAM) with explicit cloud physics. The simulation realistically reproduced multiscale cloud systems: eastward-propagating super cloud clusters (SCCs) contained westward-propagating cloud clusters (CCs). SCCs (CCs) had zonal sizes of several thousand (hundred) kilometers; typical propagation speed was 17

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42

Langen, Peter L., Rune Grand Graversen, and Thorsten Mauritsen. "Separation of Contributions from Radiative Feedbacks to Polar Amplification on an Aquaplanet." Journal of Climate 25, no. 8 (2012): 3010–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-11-00246.1.

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Abstract When climate is forced by a doubling of CO2, a number of feedback processes are induced, such as changes of water vapor, clouds, and surface albedo. Here the CO2 forcing and concomitant feedbacks are studied individually using a general circulation model coupled to an aquaplanet mixed layer ocean. A technique for fixing the radiative effects of moisture and clouds by reusing these variables from 1 × CO2 and 2 × CO2 equilibrium climates in the model’s radiation code allows for a detailed decomposition of forcings, feedbacks, and responses. The cloud feedback in this model is found to h

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43

Marshall, John, David Ferreira, J.-M. Campin, and Daniel Enderton. "Mean Climate and Variability of the Atmosphere and Ocean on an Aquaplanet." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 64, no. 12 (2007): 4270–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jas2226.1.

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Abstract Numerical experiments are described that pertain to the climate of a coupled atmosphere–ocean–ice system in the absence of land, driven by modern-day orbital and CO2 forcing. Millennial time-scale simulations yield a mean state in which ice caps reach down to 55° of latitude and both the atmosphere and ocean comprise eastward- and westward-flowing zonal jets, whose structure is set by their respective baroclinic instabilities. Despite the zonality of the ocean, it is remarkably efficient at transporting heat meridionally through the agency of Ekman transport and eddy-driven subduction

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44

Brayshaw, David James, Brian Hoskins, and Michael Blackburn. "The Storm-Track Response to Idealized SST Perturbations in an Aquaplanet GCM." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 65, no. 9 (2008): 2842–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2008jas2657.1.

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Abstract The tropospheric response to midlatitude SST anomalies has been investigated through a series of aquaplanet simulations using a high-resolution version of the Hadley Centre atmosphere model (HadAM3) under perpetual equinox conditions. Model integrations show that increases in the midlatitude SST gradient generally lead to stronger storm tracks that are shifted slightly poleward, consistent with changes in the lower-tropospheric baroclinicity. The large-scale atmospheric response is, however, highly sensitive to the position of the SST gradient anomaly relative to that of the subtropic

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45

Horinouchi, Takeshi. "Moist Hadley Circulation: Possible Role of Wave–Convection Coupling in Aquaplanet Experiments." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 69, no. 3 (2012): 891–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jas-d-11-0149.1.

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Abstract Aquaplanet simulations for a given sea surface temperature (SST) are conducted to elucidate possible roles of transient variability in the Hadley circulation and the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). Their roles are best illustrated with globally uniform SSTs. For such SSTs, an ITCZ and a Hadley circulation that are nearly equatorially symmetric emerge spontaneously. Their strength varies over a wide range from being faint to climatologically significant depending on a tunable parameter of the model’s cumulus parameterization. In some cases asymmetric Hadley circulations formed a

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46

Möbis, Benjamin, and Bjorn Stevens. "Factors controlling the position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone on an aquaplanet." Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems 4, no. 4 (2012): n/a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/2012ms000199.

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Feldstein, Steven B. "The Dynamics Associated with Equatorial Atmospheric Angular Momentum in an Aquaplanet GCM." Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 60, no. 15 (2003): 1822–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/1520-0469(2003)060<1822:tdawea>2.0.co;2.

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Hsu, Pang-Chi, Tim Li, and Hiroyuki Murakami. "Moisture Asymmetry and MJO Eastward Propagation in an Aquaplanet General Circulation Model*." Journal of Climate 27, no. 23 (2014): 8747–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-14-00148.1.

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Abstract The role of zonal moisture asymmetry in the eastward propagation of the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO) is investigated through a set of aquaplanet atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) experiments with a zonally symmetric sea surface temperature distribution. In the control experiment, the model produces eastward-propagating MJO-like perturbations with a dominant period of 30–90 days. The model MJO exhibits a clear zonal asymmetry in the lower-tropospheric specific humidity field, with a positive (negative) anomaly appearing to the east (west) of the MJO convection. A diagnosi

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Lu, Jian, Koichi Sakaguchi, Qing Yang, et al. "Examining the Hydrological Variations in an Aquaplanet World Using Wave Activity Transformation." Journal of Climate 30, no. 7 (2017): 2559–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jcli-d-16-0561.1.

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Building on the recent advent of the concept of finite-amplitude wave activity, a contour-following diagnostics for column water vapor (CWV) is developed and applied to a pair of aquaplanet model simulations to understand and quantify the higher moments in the global hydrological cycle. The Lagrangian nature of the diagnostics leads to a more tractable formalism for the transient, zonally asymmetric component of the hydrological cycle, with a strong linear relation emerging between the wave activity and the wave component of precipitation minus evaporation ([Formula: see text]). The dry-versus

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Woelfle, Matthew D., Christopher S. Bretherton, and Dargan M. W. Frierson. "Time scales of response to antisymmetric surface fluxes in an aquaplanet GCM." Geophysical Research Letters 42, no. 7 (2015): 2555–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2015gl063372.

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