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1
Patullo, Blair. "Sensory biology of aquatic Australian crustaceans." Connect to thesis, 2010. http://repository.unimelb.edu.au/10187/8393.
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Sensory biology of animals is studied throughout the world for the insight it provides to understanding ecosystems and improving how we manage species. In this research, I designed experiments to investigate the sensory biology and behaviour of two Australian species of freshwater crayfish from the genus Cherax, the yabby (Cherax destructor) and redclaw crayfish (Cherax quadricarinatus). Experimental apparatus were constructed and tailored to test specific questions on physiology, tactile (touch) sensitivity, observation techniques, aggressive behaviour and responses to electrical fields. The outcomes were:• abdominal muscle mass was positively correlated to the size of the electrical fields produced by swimming crayfish,
• behaviour changed in response to contact with different structures and textures of wall surfaces,
• computer analysis of underwater behaviour was similar to that scored by a human observer,
• the level of aggression in groups of crayfish changed as group size increased, and
• two species of crayfish responded to electrical fields in the water by decreasing their locomotory movement.
These results reveal a way in which physiology relates to behaviour, how crayfish and other crustaceans may sense the invisible and behave in aquaculture ponds, as well as documenting methodology to further investigate these areas in the future.
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Untersteiner, Hubert. "Aquatic invertebrates as indicators to pollution-induced stress validation of the locomotory behaviour of freshwater and marine crustaceans as response to sublethal heavy metal stress." Saarbrücken Suedwestdeutscher Verlag fuer Hochschulschriften, 2009. http://www.svh-verlag.de.
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ALEGRE, GABRIEL F. "Avaliacao ecotoxicologica de sedimentos do Rio Tiete, entre os municipios de Salesopolis e Suzano, SP." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2009. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9481.
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Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
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Pavasovic, Marko. "Digestive profile and capacity of the mud crab (Scylla serrata)." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2004. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/15973/1/Marko_Pavasovic_Thesis.pdf.
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Commercial farming of mud crab Scylla serrata is a significant industry throughout South East Asia. The limited scientific knowledge of mud crab nutritional requirements and digestive processes, however, is recognised as a
major constraint to the future growth of this industry. To better understand the
mechanisms of digestion in the mud crab we have analysed the diversity of digestive enzymes from the hepatopancreas. Significant protease, amylase,cellulase and xylanase activities were detected in soluble extracts from this
organ.
Temperature profiles for all enzymes were basically similar with optimal activities observed at 500C. Examination of pH tolerance revealed optimal activities for protease and amylase at pH 7.0 while optimal activities for
cellulase and xylanase were observed at pH 5.5. Under optimum conditions,protease and amylase activities were approximately two orders of magnitude greater than those seen for either cellulase or xylanase. Interestingly,
hepatopancreatic extracts were able to liberate glucose from either starch or carboxymethyl (CM)-cellulose suggesting that a range of carbohydrates may be utilised as energy sources. The effects of dietary carbohydrates on feed
digestibility, digestive enzyme levels and growth were also studied by inclusion of additional starch or CM-cellulose at the expense of casein in formulated diets. It was shown that amylase, cellulase and xylanase activities
in extracts from the hepatopancreas were highest in mud crabs fed diets containing 47% carbohydrate. Based on the findings, we suggest that the ability of the mud crab to modulate digestive enzyme activities may represent
a mechanism to maximise access to essential nutrients when the dietary profile changes.
5
Pavasovic, Marko. "Digestive profile and capacity of the mud crab (Scylla serrata)." Queensland University of Technology, 2004. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/15973/.
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Commercial farming of mud crab Scylla serrata is a significant industry throughout South East Asia. The limited scientific knowledge of mud crab nutritional requirements and digestive processes, however, is recognised as a major constraint to the future growth of this industry. To better understand the mechanisms of digestion in the mud crab we have analysed the diversity of digestive enzymes from the hepatopancreas. Significant protease, amylase,cellulase and xylanase activities were detected in soluble extracts from this organ. Temperature profiles for all enzymes were basically similar with optimal activities observed at 500C. Examination of pH tolerance revealed optimal activities for protease and amylase at pH 7.0 while optimal activities for cellulase and xylanase were observed at pH 5.5. Under optimum conditions,protease and amylase activities were approximately two orders of magnitude greater than those seen for either cellulase or xylanase. Interestingly, hepatopancreatic extracts were able to liberate glucose from either starch or carboxymethyl (CM)-cellulose suggesting that a range of carbohydrates may be utilised as energy sources. The effects of dietary carbohydrates on feed digestibility, digestive enzyme levels and growth were also studied by inclusion of additional starch or CM-cellulose at the expense of casein in formulated diets. It was shown that amylase, cellulase and xylanase activities in extracts from the hepatopancreas were highest in mud crabs fed diets containing 47% carbohydrate. Based on the findings, we suggest that the ability of the mud crab to modulate digestive enzyme activities may represent a mechanism to maximise access to essential nutrients when the dietary profile changes.
6
Kirkpatrick, A. J. "Aquatic biomonitoring using Crangonyx pseudogracilis (Crustacea, Amphipoda)." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.246335.
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Dunn, Alison Margaret. "Ecological aspects of parasitism and sex determination in an aquatic crustacean." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.290943.
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Graca, Manuel Augusto Simoes. "Observations on the feeding biology of two stream-dwelling detritivores : Gammarus pulex (L.) and Asellus aquaticus (L.)." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244076.
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Barlow, D. I. "Comparative studies on the role of antiplectic metachronism in the generation of water currents by crustacea and ctenophora." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375355.
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Parry, Bryn Malcolm. "Fluctuating asymmetry and sexual selection in the freshwater crustacean Asellus aquaticus [L.]." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367197.
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Taylor, Jennifer Rebecca Amy Kier William McKee. "Hydrostatic skeletons in the Crustacea support during molting in an aquatic and a terrestrial crab /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,740.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2007.Title from electronic title page (viewed Dec. 18, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Biology." Discipline: Biology; Department/School: Biology.
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Bertin, Angéline. "Variabilité morphologique et sélection naturelle chez Asellus aquaticus (Crustacea, Isopoda)." Dijon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DIJOS043.
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La compétition intense entre les mâles pour l'accès au partenaire sexuel est supposée favoriser le développement de traits qui améliorent la capacité compétitive des mâles. Un avantage reproducteur des mâles de grande taille a été reporté chez Asellus aquaticus. Cet avantage peut résulter de la sélection sexuelle directe d'un caractère corrélé à la taille du corps. Nous avons alors étudié comment la morphologie des mâles influence leur succès reproducteur. A l'aide de méthodes de morphométrie géométrique, nous avons mis en évidence d'autres cibles potentielles de la sélection sexuelle. Nous avons également évalué l'influence relative de la taille du corps et de la taille des antennes sur le succès reproducteur des mâles. Nos résultats confirment que la sélection sexuelle de la taille des antennes est en partie responsable de l'avantage reproducteur des mâles de grande taille. Toutefois, les régimes de sélection sexuelle varient entre populations. Des résultats expérimentaux complémentaires indiquent que la densité des populations, en régulant la fréquence des interactions mâles-mâles et mâles-femelles, expliquent une part des variations observées sur le terrainCompetition between males for reproduction is supposed to favour the development of traits that improve the competitive ability of males. Indeed, a reproductive advantage of large body size in males has been reported in Asellus aquaticus. Such an advantage of large size can also be the consequence of sexual selection acting directly on a character closely correlated to body size. Therefore, we studied how morphology influences male reproductive success. Using geometric morphometric methods, we have evidenced other possible targets of sexual selection. We have also assessed the relative influence of body size and antennae size on the reproductive success of males. Our results confirm that sexual selection on antennae size is partly responsible for the observed large-male advantage in mating. However, selection regimes vary between populations. Additional results from laboratory experiments indicate that population density, though regulating the frequency of both male-male and male-female interactions, can explain the variations observed in the field
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Stanley, Christopher S. "Factors affecting growth in Asellus aquaticus (Isopoda, crustacea) with particular reference to metal pollution." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.291895.
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MARTINS, RENATA de S. L. "Avaliacao da toxicidade de aguas de chuva a organismos aquaticos." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2009. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/9471.
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Dissertacao (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
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Lima, Paloma Aparecida de [UNESP]. "Ecologia e biologia populacional do caranguejo Heptus pudibundus (Herbst, 1785) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Aethroidea) na região de Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brasil." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99402.
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O caranguejo Hepatus pudibundus é uma espécie abundante, com importante papel na cadeia trófica marinha, pertencente à carcinofauna acompanhante da pesca de camarões na costa brasileira. Este estudo investigou a distribuição e a estrutura populacional frente aos fatores ambientais mensurados, a razão sexual e o recrutamento juvenil da espécie em três enseadas do litoral norte do Estado de São Paulo. Os caranguejos foram coletados mensalmente com um barco de pesca comercial equipado com redes do tipo “double rig”, no período de janeiro de 1998 a dezembro de 1999. Cada região foi separada em área protegida (transectos de 5, 7,5 e 10 m de profundidade) e área exposta (10, 15 e 20 m). Amostras de água e de sedimento foram coletadas para análise dos fatores ambientais. Um total de 8.674 indivíduos foi capturado, sendo 33,2% em Ubatumirim, 31,1% em Ubatuba e 35,7% em Mar Virado. No geral, os indivíduos de H. pudibundus foram encontrados em maior número na área exposta e nos meses correspondentes ao verão (janeiro, fevereiro e março). Em relação às classes de fatores ambientais analisados, não foi possível verificar uma discrepância na abundância conforme as classes. Do total de animais, 6.239 eram fêmeas (490 jovens, 5.031 adultas não ovígeras e 718 ovígeras) e 2.435 machos (343 jovens e 2.092 adultos). O tamanho médio da população foi de 46,1 ± 9,2 mm de largura de carapaça em Ubatumirim, 47,3 ± 9,4 em Ubatuba e 46,1 ± 8,4 em Mar Virado, sendo os machos maiores do que as fêmeas. Em relação à proporção de machos e fêmeas, observou-se desvio no padrão de 1:1 em favor das fêmeas, em todas as áreas amostradas. Indivíduos jovens foram coletados nas três enseadas e durante os dois anos, em praticamente todos os meses, demonstrando que a espécie apresenta um recrutamento contínuo na região. Apesar...
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Arias, Vigoya Ángel Andrés [UNESP]. "Desenvolvimento embrionário do camarão-da-amazônia Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86653.
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
O camarão-da-amazônia Macrobrachium amazonicum é um palaemonideo amplamente distribuído na América do Sul, com um grande potencial para a aquicultura e enorme importância econômica. Apesar das recentes pesquisas acerca da biologia da espécie, não existem estudos relacionados com o desenvolvimento embrionário de M. amazonicum. Portanto, o principal objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma descrição do desenvolvimento embrionário do camarão-da-amazônia. Assim, a embriogênese da espécie foi descrita em relação às características morfológicas externas, histológicas e morfométricas observadas em embriões vivos e fixados a intervalos de 24 horas (dia embrionário, DE), e associado ao sistema de estagiamento porcentual. O período de incubação foi de 14 dias a 26ºC. A embriogênese foi organizada em oito estágios: I. Ovo fertilizado; II. Clivagem; III. Blástula – gástrula; IV. Disco germinativo; V. Náuplio embrionizado; VI. Pós-náuplio; VII. Protozoea e VIII. Zoea. Os valores médios do eixo maior e menor dos ovos, volume do ovo, área do embrião e índice do olho aumentaram durante a incubação, a diferença da área do vitelo que diminuiu. M. amazonicum mostrou um padrão de desenvolvimento embrionário semelhante ao observado em crustáceos com ovos centrolécitos, com clivagem superficial parcial (meroblástica), e apresentou características semelhantes às espécies do mesmo gênero. Durante a embriogênese foi observada uma relação entre o desenvolvimento dos órgãos internos com as estruturas externas, e os ritmos de desenvolvimento embrionário revelam uma associação entre as características morfológicas, histológicas e morfométricas.
The Amazon River prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum is a palaemonid widely distributed in South America, with a great potential for aquaculture and huge economic importance. Despite recent researches about the biology of the species, there are no studies related to the embryonic development of M. amazonicum. Thus, the main objective of this study was a description of the embryonic development of Amazon River prawn. Hence, the embryogenesis of the species was described with respect to the morphological, histological and morphometrical features, observed in live and fixed embryos at intervals of 24 hours (embryonic day, ED), associated by percent staging system. The incubation period was 14 days at 26ºC. The embryogenesis was organized in eight stages: I. Fertilized egg; II. Cleavage; III. Blastula – Gastrula; IV. Germinal disc; V. Embryonized nauplius; VI. Post-nauplius; VII. Protozoea and VIII. Zoea. The mean values for egg length and width, egg volume, area of the embryo and eye index increased during incubation, contrasting with the area of the yolk that decreased. M. amazonicum showed a similar pattern of embryonic development to that observed in crustaceans with centrolecithal eggs and superficial partial cleavage (meroblastic); and showed similar characteristics to species of the genus. During the embryogenesis was observed a relationship between the development of internal organs with the external structures, and the developmental rhythms shows an association among the morphological, histological and morphometric features.
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Arias, Vigoya Ángel Andrés. "Desenvolvimento embrionário do camarão-da-amazônia Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae) /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/86653.
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Orientador: Irene Bastos Franceschini VicentiniBanca: Rogério Caetano da Costa
Banca: Elyara Maria Pereira da Silva
Resumo: O camarão-da-amazônia Macrobrachium amazonicum é um palaemonideo amplamente distribuído na América do Sul, com um grande potencial para a aquicultura e enorme importância econômica. Apesar das recentes pesquisas acerca da biologia da espécie, não existem estudos relacionados com o desenvolvimento embrionário de M. amazonicum. Portanto, o principal objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma descrição do desenvolvimento embrionário do camarão-da-amazônia. Assim, a embriogênese da espécie foi descrita em relação às características morfológicas externas, histológicas e morfométricas observadas em embriões vivos e fixados a intervalos de 24 horas (dia embrionário, DE), e associado ao sistema de estagiamento porcentual. O período de incubação foi de 14 dias a 26ºC. A embriogênese foi organizada em oito estágios: I. Ovo fertilizado; II. Clivagem; III. Blástula - gástrula; IV. Disco germinativo; V. Náuplio embrionizado; VI. Pós-náuplio; VII. Protozoea e VIII. Zoea. Os valores médios do eixo maior e menor dos ovos, volume do ovo, área do embrião e índice do olho aumentaram durante a incubação, a diferença da área do vitelo que diminuiu. M. amazonicum mostrou um padrão de desenvolvimento embrionário semelhante ao observado em crustáceos com ovos centrolécitos, com clivagem superficial parcial (meroblástica), e apresentou características semelhantes às espécies do mesmo gênero. Durante a embriogênese foi observada uma relação entre o desenvolvimento dos órgãos internos com as estruturas externas, e os ritmos de desenvolvimento embrionário revelam uma associação entre as características morfológicas, histológicas e morfométricas.
Abstract: The Amazon River prawn Macrobrachium amazonicum is a palaemonid widely distributed in South America, with a great potential for aquaculture and huge economic importance. Despite recent researches about the biology of the species, there are no studies related to the embryonic development of M. amazonicum. Thus, the main objective of this study was a description of the embryonic development of Amazon River prawn. Hence, the embryogenesis of the species was described with respect to the morphological, histological and morphometrical features, observed in live and fixed embryos at intervals of 24 hours (embryonic day, ED), associated by percent staging system. The incubation period was 14 days at 26ºC. The embryogenesis was organized in eight stages: I. Fertilized egg; II. Cleavage; III. Blastula - Gastrula; IV. Germinal disc; V. Embryonized nauplius; VI. Post-nauplius; VII. Protozoea and VIII. Zoea. The mean values for egg length and width, egg volume, area of the embryo and eye index increased during incubation, contrasting with the area of the yolk that decreased. M. amazonicum showed a similar pattern of embryonic development to that observed in crustaceans with centrolecithal eggs and superficial partial cleavage (meroblastic); and showed similar characteristics to species of the genus. During the embryogenesis was observed a relationship between the development of internal organs with the external structures, and the developmental rhythms shows an association among the morphological, histological and morphometric features.
Mestre
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Naliato, Danilo Augusto de Oliveira [UNESP]. "Diversidade da Cladocera (Crustacea, Anomopoda e Ctenopoda) em reservatórios e trechos lóticos da bacia do Rio Prata (Brasil, Paraguai, Argentina e Uruguai)." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/108446.
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Jacobs, Maria-Flora. "Effects of Aquatic Acidification on Calcium Uptake in White River Shrimp Litopenaeus setiferus Gills." UNF Digital Commons, 2019. https://digitalcommons.unf.edu/etd/870.
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Previous research regarding aquatic acidification has examined the protonation of the carbonate and does not consider calcium to be a limiting factor. This is the first study to suggest that pH may affect the uptake of calcium in crustacean gills. This project describes ion transport mechanisms present in the cell membranes of white river shrimp Litopenaeus setiferus gill epithelium, and the effects of pH on the uptake of calcium by these means. Partially purified membrane vesicles (PPMV) of shrimp gills were prepared through a homogenization process that has been used previously to define ion transport in crab and lobster gill tissues. In the current study, shrimp gill PPMV calcium uptake at 50 µM, and 250 µM was greatest at pH 7.0 (p=0.01, p=0.0001). A valinomycin/K+ induced membrane potential (PD) at pH 7.0 significantly increased (p=0.003) calcium uptake from that observed in the absence of a PD. An induced PD at pH 8.0 significantly increased (p=0.003) calcium uptake from that observed in the absence of a PD, however, was not significantly greater than uptake at pH 7.0 in the presence of a PD (p=0.05). Amiloride (2mM) treatments, and amiloride (2mM) + verapamil (100µM) cocktail treatments showed significant decrease in calcium uptake from the control (p=0.03), however, they were not different from each other. This indicates an electrogenic carrier with two driving forces: calcium concentration, and asymmetric exchange stoichiometry.
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Castellani, Daniela [UNESP]. "Sistema integrado do berçário secundário do camarão-da-amazônia Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae) com cultivo hidropônico de hortaliças." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100218.
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o sistema integrado do berçário secundário do camarão-da-amazônia (Macrobrachium amazonicum) com o cultivo hidropônico de alface (Lactuca sativa L.) e agrião (Rorippa nasturtium aquaticum). O experimento foi conduzido durante o inverno no Setor de Carcinicultura do Centro de Aqüicultura da Unesp - CAUNESP – Jaboticabal, SP. Os juvenis I (provenientes do berçário primário) com peso médio inicial de 0,08±0,03g, foram estocados em quatro viveiros escavados (90m²) sob ambiente protegido em uma densidade de 80 juvenis/m². Os camarões foram alimentados com ração comercial peletizada (45% PB) a uma taxa de 9 a 6 % da biomassa. Após noventa dias de cultivo, foi observado aumento médio de 0,98g dos camarões e sobrevivência média de 76%. O sistema hidropônico utilizado foi o NFT - “Nutrient Film Thecnic”, no qual a água dos viveiros era bombeada e circulava nos canais hidropônicos durante intervalos de 15 minutos pré-determinados através de um temporizador, e após isso, retornavam para os viveiros. As mudas de alface e agrião foram transplantadas para o sistema aos 25 dias após a semeadura e cultivadas por 45 dias até serem colhidas. Foram estudados cinco tratamentos com seis repetições, para avaliar os efeitos da pulverização e/ou do gotejamento com solução nutritiva na biomassa das plantas cultivadas. O agrião conseguiu seu melhor desenvolvimento com duas pulverizações semanais e gotejamento. Esta hortaliça foi capaz de atingir o tamanho comercial mesmo sem a adição de solução nutritiva. No entanto a alface que não alcançou o tamanho comercial em nenhum tratamento utilizado. Portanto a água residual do sistema de berçário secundário de camarão-da-amazônia foi suficiente para atender a demanda no cultivo do agrião, mas não o da alface. O acréscimo nos valores de nutrientes...
Integrated system of the nursery Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae) with the hydroponics culture. The aim of this research was to study the integration of the secondary nursery of Macrobrachium amazonicum and the hydroponic culture of lettuces (Sativa Lactuca L.) and watercresses (Rorippa nasturtium aquaticum). The experiment was lead 90 days during the winter in the sector of prawn farming of the CAUNESP - Jaboticabal, SP. The juveniles, proceeding from the primary nursery (0.08±0.03g), had been stoked in four earthen ponds (90m2) under protected environment in a density of 80 juveniles/m2.The juveniles had been fed with a commercial marine shrimp diet (45% PB) to a tax of 9 to 6% of the biomass. After the total harvest, was observed an increase in the weight of the prawns of 0.08g for 1.06g and a survival of 76%. The maximum and minimum temperatures of the water of the ponds and the environment, the relative humidity of internal and external air to the protected system, the precipitation and daily sunstroke had been measured during the experiment. Was used hydroponics system “Nutrient Film Thecnic”, which the water of the ponds was pumped and remained in the hydroponics, and after this, returned for the ponds. The lettuces and watercresses had been planted for the system with 25 days of life and had remained per 45 days until being collected. Five treatments with six repetitions were tested, to evaluate the effect of the spraying and/or the dripping with nutritional solution in the biomass of the produced plants. The results indicate that water-cresses cultivated in hidroponia with water of the prawn farming nurseries had obtained its better development with a weekly two spraying and dripping. This plant was capable to exactly reach the commercial weight without the addition of nutritional solution... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
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Castellani, Daniela. "Sistema integrado do berçário secundário do camarão-da-amazônia Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae) com cultivo hidropônico de hortaliças /." Jaboticabal : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/100218.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Antonio Fernando Monteiro CamargoBanca: Jairo Augusto Campos Araujo
Banca: Wagner Cotroni Valenti
Banca: Ana Eliza Baccarin Leonardo
Banca: Margarete Mallasen
Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o sistema integrado do berçário secundário do camarão-da-amazônia (Macrobrachium amazonicum) com o cultivo hidropônico de alface (Lactuca sativa L.) e agrião (Rorippa nasturtium aquaticum). O experimento foi conduzido durante o inverno no Setor de Carcinicultura do Centro de Aqüicultura da Unesp - CAUNESP - Jaboticabal, SP. Os juvenis I (provenientes do berçário primário) com peso médio inicial de 0,08±0,03g, foram estocados em quatro viveiros escavados (90m²) sob ambiente protegido em uma densidade de 80 juvenis/m². Os camarões foram alimentados com ração comercial peletizada (45% PB) a uma taxa de 9 a 6 % da biomassa. Após noventa dias de cultivo, foi observado aumento médio de 0,98g dos camarões e sobrevivência média de 76%. O sistema hidropônico utilizado foi o NFT - "Nutrient Film Thecnic", no qual a água dos viveiros era bombeada e circulava nos canais hidropônicos durante intervalos de 15 minutos pré-determinados através de um temporizador, e após isso, retornavam para os viveiros. As mudas de alface e agrião foram transplantadas para o sistema aos 25 dias após a semeadura e cultivadas por 45 dias até serem colhidas. Foram estudados cinco tratamentos com seis repetições, para avaliar os efeitos da pulverização e/ou do gotejamento com solução nutritiva na biomassa das plantas cultivadas. O agrião conseguiu seu melhor desenvolvimento com duas pulverizações semanais e gotejamento. Esta hortaliça foi capaz de atingir o tamanho comercial mesmo sem a adição de solução nutritiva. No entanto a alface que não alcançou o tamanho comercial em nenhum tratamento utilizado. Portanto a água residual do sistema de berçário secundário de camarão-da-amazônia foi suficiente para atender a demanda no cultivo do agrião, mas não o da alface. O acréscimo nos valores de nutrientes... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Integrated system of the nursery Macrobrachium amazonicum (Heller, 1862) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Palaemonidae) with the hydroponics culture. The aim of this research was to study the integration of the secondary nursery of Macrobrachium amazonicum and the hydroponic culture of lettuces (Sativa Lactuca L.) and watercresses (Rorippa nasturtium aquaticum). The experiment was lead 90 days during the winter in the sector of prawn farming of the CAUNESP - Jaboticabal, SP. The juveniles, proceeding from the primary nursery (0.08±0.03g), had been stoked in four earthen ponds (90m2) under protected environment in a density of 80 juveniles/m2.The juveniles had been fed with a commercial marine shrimp diet (45% PB) to a tax of 9 to 6% of the biomass. After the total harvest, was observed an increase in the weight of the prawns of 0.08g for 1.06g and a survival of 76%. The maximum and minimum temperatures of the water of the ponds and the environment, the relative humidity of internal and external air to the protected system, the precipitation and daily sunstroke had been measured during the experiment. Was used hydroponics system "Nutrient Film Thecnic", which the water of the ponds was pumped and remained in the hydroponics, and after this, returned for the ponds. The lettuces and watercresses had been planted for the system with 25 days of life and had remained per 45 days until being collected. Five treatments with six repetitions were tested, to evaluate the effect of the spraying and/or the dripping with nutritional solution in the biomass of the produced plants. The results indicate that water-cresses cultivated in hidroponia with water of the prawn farming nurseries had obtained its better development with a weekly two spraying and dripping. This plant was capable to exactly reach the commercial weight without the addition of nutritional solution... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)
Doutor
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Sheldon, Todd August. "Control Method for Invasive Aquatic Species introduced via Ballast Water: Effects of Carbon Dioxide Supersaturation on Survivorship of Digesia tigrina (Planaria: Maculata) and Lirceus brachyurus (Isopoda: Crustacea) and Effect of High Hydrostatic Pressure Processing on Freely Suspended and Shellfish Associated T7 Bacteriophage." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41294.
Full textAbstract:
Control Method for Invasive Aquatic Species introduced via Ballast Water: Effects of Carbon Dioxide Supersaturation on Survivorship of Digesia tigrina (Planaria: Maculata) and Lirceus brachyurus (Isopoda: Crustacea)
Survivorship of an aquatic species of planaria (Digesia tigrina) and isopods (Lirceus barchyurus) to elevated levels of carbon dioxide (CO2) was determined. Both planaria and isopods were exposed to levels of freshwater supersaturated with carbon dioxide, and percent mortality was calculated for various exposure durations, and at various pressure levels. The data collected were graphically analyzed to determine the time necessary to produce mortality in 50% (LT50) of any given sample of specimens tested at a certain pressure level. At 38.6 kPa, 103.4 kPa and 172.4 kPa, the LT50 for planaria was calculated to be 150.3 ± 10.1, 58.6 ± 11.1, and 27.8 ± 6.2 minutes, respectively. At 38.6 kPa, 103.4 kPa and 172.4 kPa , the LT50 for isopods was calculated to be 181.1 ± 52.5, 79.7 ± 21.9, and 40.5 ± 17.0 minutes, respectively. These results suggest that CO2 supersaturation may be an easily applied, efficient method that would end the unwanted introduction of nonnative aquatic species to habitats via ballast water released from shipping vessels.
Effect of High Hydrostatic Pressure Processing on Freely Suspended and Shellfish Associated T7 Bacteriophage
The effectiveness of hydrostatic pressure processing (HPP) for inactivating viruses has only been evaluated in a limited number of studies and most of the work has been performed with freely suspended viruses. In this work, the inactivation of freely suspended, as well as shellfish associated bacteriophage T7, by HPP was studied. T7 was selected in hopes that it could potentially serve as a model for animal virus behavior. Both clams (Mercenaria mercenaria) and oysters (Crassostrea virginica) were homogeneously blended separately and inoculated with bacteriophage T7. The inoculated shellfish meat, as well as freely suspended virus samples, were subjected to HPP under the following conditions: 2, 4 and 6 min durations; 241.3, 275.8 and 344.7 Megapascals (MPa) pressure levels; and temperature ranges of 29.4 â 35, 37.8 â 43.3 and 46.1 â 51.7Ë C. Plaque forming unit (PFU) reductions of 7.8 log10 (100% inactivation) were achieved for freely suspended T7 at 344.7 MPa, 2 min and 37.8 â 43.3Ë C. At 46.1 â 51.7Ë C, T7 associated with either clams or oysters was inactivated at nearly 100% (> 4 log10) at all pressure levels and durations tested. The results indicated that T7 is readily inactivated by HPP under the proper conditions, may be protected or made more susceptible by shellfish meat, and may serve as a viable model for the response of several animal viruses to HPP.Master of Science
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Chia-Jui and 楊家睿. "Aquatic toxicity evaluation of tributyltin chloride and triphenyltin chloride measure with freshwater crustacean Daphnia magna." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82412840336355230010.
Full textAbstract:
碩士中山醫學大學
公共衛生學系碩士班
96
Organotins (OTs) have been widely used as polymer stabilisers, biocides, wood preservatives, and antifouling pants. Among the organotins, triorganotins and specifically tributyltin (TBT) have the maximum toxic effect to marine organisms and causes an endocrine-mediated adverse effect in invertebrates. Therefore, the present study were performed embryo development test, and recorded the rate of target organ been effected by the chemicals to evaluate the toxicity of tributyltin chloride (TBTCl) and triphenyltin chloride (TPhTCl) by Daphnia magna embryo. In acute toxicity test, the 48 hour EC50 value of TBTCl and TPhTCl were 3.54 μg/l and 9.69 μg/l, respectively. In embryo development test, the 96 hour EC50 value of TBTCl and TPhTCl were 0.40 μg/l and 14.70 μg/l, respectively. The results were indicated that trbutyltin chloride was more toxic than triphenyltin chloride. It was also observed malpighian tube and tail spine teratogenesis in embryo development test, more than 50% of daphnids being deformed during the test. The present study indicates that the embryo development test with target organ effected rate were more sensitive than traditional acute toxicity test. Suggest that the improved method could be use in environmental toxicants evaluation.
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Střížek, Antonín. "Kolonizace Střední Evropy bentickým sladkovodním korýšem Asellus aquaticus (Isopoda, Crustacea)." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-306683.
Full textAbstract:
Longterm climate changes are an inseparable part of the evolution of Earth. In the last few milions of years the changing of glacials and interglacials was as ordinary and regular phenomenon as changing from day to night or from spring to summer. These cycles also have similar influance on evolution of nature on Earth. Eventhough the state of nature appears to us stable for the few last human generations, the reality from the long term point of view is differnt. During these cycles, the location of climatic zones, size of glaciers, deserts, savannahs, steppes or rainforests have changed. Organisms changed locations of their areas of distribution, many nowadays widespread species were pushed into isolated local populations. This Master's thesis reveals the impact of glacial cycles on a freshwater crustacean aquatic Isopod (Asellus aquaticus). Very variable mitochondrial COI gene was sequenced within 139 individuals of this species from 62 different localities in Europe. This data were included into an extensive scope of an already known phylogeographic structure of the continent. An Aquatic Sowbug shows a quite high rate of a genetic heterogenity (maximum Nucleotide Divergence discovered is 0,132 and average is 0,016) in the area of the Czech Republic. Where there are found representatives of two...