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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Aquatic plants. Aquatic pests'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Langa, Sílvia da Fátima. "The impact and control of waterweeds in the Southern Mozambique Basin rivers." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001905.

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In Mozambique, establishment of aquatic weeds has been enhanced through the increased enrichment of water bodies by nutrient runoffs from human and agricultural wastes that lead to an increase in nitrate and phosphate in the water. The aquatic weeds, water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes), red water fern ( Azolla microphylla), water lettuce (Pistia stratiotes) and salvinia (Salvinia molesta) were found in most watercourses in Mozambique and are becoming aggressive in some watercourses, especially in the Umbeluzi and Incomati rivers. Farmers and people living along the rivers are aware of the negative impact of the water weeds because the large mats of weeds cause loss of shoreline and navigability along the rivers. Other commonly perceived effects of aquatic invasive plants in Mozambique rivers include: reduced navigable surface area; difficulties for fishermen, which reduces income; increased prevalence of insects and insect-borne disease, and decreased aesthetic value. The methods currently used for the control and management of the aquatic weeds are mechanical and manual control. Both methods are costly, time consuming, and only provide a short-term solution to the problem. The study found that the weevils Neochetina eichhorniae and N. bruchi were effective biological control agents in the study area but their impact is too gradual compared to the aggressive proliferation of water hyacinth. The one year lab-experiment clearly demonstrated that the water lettuce weed had a significant impact on the recruitment of macro-invertebrates to the artificial substrates, and water lettuce contributed to the reduction of oxygen in the water and consequent reduction of macro-invertebrate abundance and diversity. The biodiversity recovered at the same time in the pools containing water lettuce controlled by N. affinis and water lettuce controlled by herbicide, but richness and diversity of macro-invertebrates was higher in the water lettuce controlled by N affinis during the first sampling occasion compared to the water lettuce in pools controlled by herbicide, where macro-invertebrates increased only when DO levels recovered after water lettuce mat decay. The number of taxa recorded in this study is an indication of the significance of macro-invertebrates in an aquatic environment. This therefore emphasizes the need for more research efforts into macrophyte and macro-invertebrate associations in the aquatic system to better understand the implications of habitat modification arising from human activities. It will also enable us to be better equipped with a more appropriate ecological understanding for aquatic resources management.

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2

Sabet, Mitra Deliri, and n/a. "Aquatic plants as indicators of heavy metal contamination." University of Canberra. Resource, Environmental & Heritage Sciences, 1997. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061107.161814.

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Concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Cr, Zn, Mn, Fe and Pb) in the water columns, aquatic plants and sediments of fourteen lakes of varied levels of pollution were measured. Correlation analysis was carried out between heavy metal concentrations in aquatic plants and heavy metal concentrations in water and sediment. The aquatic plants which accumulated heavy metals in their tissues in proportion to that in water and sediments were identified. The aquatic plants studied were: 8/yxa auberti Rich, Cabomba caroliniana Gray, Ceratophyllum demersum L, Ceratopteris thalictroides (L.) Bron, Chara globularis, Eichhornia crassipes Solmn, Hydrilla verticillata Royle, Ipomoea aquatica Forsk, Limnophila aromatica (Lam.) Merr., Ludwigia adscendens (L) Hara, Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn, Nymphaea stallata Linn, Nymphoides indica (L.) Kuntze, Typha angustata Bony & Chaub and Utricularia aurea Lour. Metal uptake by aquatic plants varied between different species and within the same species depending on lake water contamination levels. The level of metal uptake to a great extent was a function of the environment water metal concentration. Results showed that Utricularia accumulated Mn, Zn, Cr, Cd and Pb in direct proportion to the overlying waters (r2 = 0.69, 0.63, 0.69, 0.65 and 0.39 respectively). Hydrilla accumulated Cu, Mn, Zn, Fe, Cr, Cd and Pb in direct proportion to the overlying waters (r2 = 0.65, 0.66, 0.44, 0.72, 0.38, 0.63, and 0.73 respectively). Blyxa leaves accumulated Zn, Fe, Cr, Cd and Pb in direct proportion to the overlying waters (r2 = 0.74, 0.74, 0.72, 0.60 and 0.82 respectively). Echhornia leaf accumulated only Cr in direct proportion to the overlying waters r2 = 0.81. Nymphaea leaf and Chara did not accumulate any metal in direct proportion to the overlying waters. Roots of Blyxa auberti, Ceratopteris thalictroides, and Eichhornia crassipes contained higher concentrations of heavy metals than their leaves. Roots of Blyxa accumulated Cr, Cd and Pb in direct proportion to the overlying waters (r2 = 0.91, 0.65 and 0.69 respectively). Echhornia root accumulated Cd in direct proportion to the overlying waters with r2 = 0.90. Nymphaea stem showed no significant correlations between the metal concentrations in the waters and in the plant. Utricularia accumulated Zn, Fe, Cr, Cd and Pb in direct proportion to the metals in the underlying sediment extracted by cold hydrochloric acid (r2 = 0.84, 0.51, 0.47, 0.68 and 0.80 respectively). Hydrilla accumulated Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd and Pb in direct proportion to the underlying sediment (r2 = 0.34, 0.37, 0.91, 0.49 and 0.96 respectively). Blyxa accumulated Zn, Fe, Cr, Cd and Pb in direct proportion to the underlying sediments (r2 = 0.99, 0.61, 0.82, 0.75 and 0.64 respectively) . Echhornia leaf showed significant correlation between the Cu (r2 = 0.83) and Cr (i2 = 0.88) concentration in underlying sediment and the plant. Nymphaea leaf showed a significant correlation between the Zn (r2 = 0.83) concentration in the plant and the underlying sediments. Roots of Blyxa showed significant correlation between concentrations of Cu, Cr and Pb in sediment extracted by hydrochloric acid and plant (r2 = 0.9, 0.7 and 0.9 respectively). Roots of Echhornia had no significant correlation with the sediment metal concentrations (hydrochloric acid extractable). Two techniques (cold hydrochloric acid extractable and nitric acid extractable) to extract metals from sediment were compared. Based on correlations of metal concentrations in plant tissue and metal extracted from the sediment, it was concluded that the cold hydrochloric acid extractable metal technique is more suitable for determining bioavailable sediment metal concentration in environmental studies. Laboratory studies investigations on the bioaccumulation of Zn and Cu in Hydrilla confirmed that Hydrilla is a good bioindicator of Cu as it accumulated 20360 ug/g dry weight of Cu in 72 hours. Hydrilla showed higher bioaccumulation factor with low concentration of Cu in the solution, in the laboratory studies. Hydrilla was determined to be the best indicator species as it reflected the heavy metal concentration in the environment which was supported by the laboratory studies.

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3

Forster, Rodney Malcolm. "The control of photosynthetic capacity in aquatic plants." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317439.

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4

MacFarlane, Jeffrey Julius. "Diffusion, boundary layers and the uptake of nutrients by aquatic macrophytes /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1985. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm1431.pdf.

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5

Tront, Jacqueline Marie. "Plant Activity and Organic Contaminant Processing by Aquatic Plants." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5234.

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This research explored fate of organic contaminants in aquatic plant systems through (i) experimental development of relationships to describe sorption, uptake and enzymatic processing of contaminants by plants and inhibition of aquatic plants by contaminants and (ii) incorporation of experimental relationships into a conceptual model which describes contaminant fate in aquatic plant systems. This study focused on interactions of aquatic plants L. minor and M. aquaticum with halogenated phenols. 2,4,5-trichlorophenol (2,4,5-TCP) and 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) are precursors for the highly toxic and heavily applied herbicides 2,4,5-T and 2,4-D and were examined in detail. Chlorophenols are generally resistant to microbial degradation, a property which may limit microbial remediation options as effective alternatives for clean up of contaminated sites. Relationships for fundamental interactions between plants and contaminants that dictate uptake, enzymatic processing and sequestration of contaminants by aquatic plants were established. An assay which quantified production of oxygen by plants was developed to quantify plant metabolic activity and inhibition. Uptake of chlorinated phenols depended on plant activity and aqueous phase concentration of contaminant in the protonated form. Therefore, plant activity, contaminant pKa and media pH were established as critical parameters controlling rate of contaminant uptake. A conceptual model was developed which incorporated plant activity and inhibition into a mathematical description of uptake of organic contaminants by aquatic plants. The conceptual model was parameterized using experimental data delineating effect of plant activity, inhibition and speciation on contaminant uptake and the model was verified using independently gathered data. Experimentation with radio-labeled chlorinated phenols established that contaminants were sequestered internal to plants by plant enzymatic processing. 19F NMR was established as a technique to quantify transformation and conjugation products internal to plants and contaminant assimilation by plants and demonstrated that multiple metabolites containing the parent compound were present and quantifiable internal to plants. Finally, fate of plant-sequestered contaminants in an anaerobic bioassay was examined using Desulfitobacterium sp. strain Viet1. The results of this study address the role of aquatic plants in sequestration of contaminants in surface waters that indicate the potential and limitations of use of aquatic plants in natural and engineered treatment systems.

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6

Littles, Chanda Jones. "Effects of rapid salinity change on submersed aquatic plants." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0011820.

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7

Damiri, Basma. "Risk characterization for boron and aquatic plants and animals." Connect to this title online, 2007. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1202498572/.

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8

Lu, Qin. "Evaluation of aquatic plants for phytoremediation of eutrophic stormwaters." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0024791.

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9

Kelly, Wanda Jean. "Geometrical relationships specifying the phyllotactic pattern of aquatic plants." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8074.

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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.
Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

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10

Begg, Fiona H. "Anthropogenic '1'4C in the natural (aquatic) environment." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300458.

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11

Becker, Lindsey M. "Aquatic invertebrate, vegetation, and hydrology assessment of Long Meadow Lake prior to effects of hydrological manipulations /." Link to full text, 2007. http://epapers.uwsp.edu/thesis/2007/Becker.pdf.

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12

Nachtrieb, Julie G. Kennedy James H. "The impact of invertebrates to four aquatic macrophytes Potamogeton nodosus, P. illinoensis, Vallisneria americana and Nymphaea mexicana /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2008. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-9058.

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13

Marlin, Danica. "The role of the mite Orthogalumna terebrantis in the biological control programme for water hyacinth, Eichhornia crassipes, in South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005450.

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Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) is an aquatic macrophyte originating from the Amazon basin. Due to its beautiful appearance it has been introduced into numerous countries across the world as an ornamental pond plant. It was introduced into South Africa in the early 1900s and has since reached pest proportions in many of the country’s fresh water bodies, causing significant economic and ecological losses. It is now considered to be the worst aquatic weed in South Africa. Efforts to control the spread of the weed began in the early 1970s and there have been some successes. Biological control has been used widely as an alternative to mechanical and chemical controls because it is cost-effective, self-sustaining and environmentally friendly. To date, six biological control agents have been introduced onto water hyacinth in South Africa. However, due to factors such as cold winter temperatures and interference from chemical control, the agent populations are occasionally knocked-down and thus the impact of biological control on the weed population is variable. In addition, many South African water systems are highly eutrophic, and in these systems the plant growth may be accelerated to such an extent that the negative impact of the agents’ herbivory is mitigated. One of the agents established on the weed is the galumnid mite Orthogalumna terebrantis, which originates from Uruguay. In South Africa, the mite was initially discovered on two water hyacinth infestations in the Mpumalanga Province in 1989 and it is now established at 17 sites across the country. Many biological control researchers believe that the mite is a good biological control agent but, prior to this thesis, little quantitative data existed to confirm the belief. Thus, this thesis is a post-release evaluation of O. terebrantis in which various aspects of the mite-plant relationship were investigated to determine the efficacy of the mite and thus better understand the role of the mite in the biological control programme of water hyacinth in South Africa. From laboratory experiments, in which mite densities were lower than densities occurring in the field, it was found that water hyacinth growth is largely unaffected by mite herbivory, except possibly at very high mite densities. When grown in high nutrient conditions the growth of the plant is so great that any affect the mite has is nullified. Plant growth is thus more affected by nutrients than by mite herbivory. However, mite feeding was also influenced by water nutrient levels and mite herbivory was greatest on plants grown in high nutrient conditions. The presence of the mite had a positive effect on the performance of the mirid Eccritotarsus catarinensis, such that the interactions of the two agents together had a greater negative impact on the plant’s growth than the individual agents had alone. Furthermore, water hyacinth physiological parameters, such as the plant’s photosynthetic ability, were negatively impacted by the mite, even at the very low mite densities used in the study. Plant growth rate is dependent on photosynthetic ability i.e. the rate of photosynthesis, and thus a decrease in the plant’s photosynthetic ability will eventually be translated into decreased plant growth rates which would ultimately result in the overall reduction of water hyacinth populations. In addition, temperature tolerance studies showed that the mite was tolerant of low temperatures. The mite already occurs at some of the coldest sites in South Africa. Therefore, the mite should be able to establish at all of the water hyacinth infestations in the country, but because it is a poor disperser it is unlikely to establish at new sites without human intervention. It is suggested that the mite be used as an additional biological control agent at sites where it does not yet occur, specifically at cold sites where some of the other, less cold-tolerant, agents have failed to establish. Finally, conditions of where, how many and how often the mite should be distributed to water hyacinth infestation in South Africa are discussed.

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14

Reinhold, Dawn Marie. "Fate of fluorinated organic pollutants in aquatic plant systems studies with lemnaceae and lemnaceae tissue cultures /." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26506.

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Thesis (Ph.D)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.
Committee Chair: Saunders, F. Michael; Committee Member: Huang, Ching-Hua; Committee Member: Hughes, Joseph; Committee Member: Loeffler, Frank; Committee Member: Pullman, Gerald; Committee Member: Spain, Jim. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

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15

Ström, Emma. "Leachate treatment and anaerobic digestion using aquatic plants and algae." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Water and Environmental Studies, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-57512.

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Phytoremediation as a way to control and lessen nutrient concentrations in landfill leachate is a cheap and environmentally sustainable method. Accumulated nutrients in the plants can then be removed by harvesting and anaerobically digesting the biomass. This study presents two aquatic plants (L. minor (L.) and P. stratiotes (L.)) and one microalgae species (C. vulgaris (L.)), their capacities for growth and nutrient removal in leachate from Häradsudden landfill, Sweden, are investigated. The biogas potential of the two plants is determined via anaerobic digestion in a batch run, followed by a lab-scale reactor run for L. minor only. Results show that growth in leachate directly from the landfill is not possible for the selected species, but at a leachate dilution of 50% or more. Nutrients are removed in leachates with plants to a higher extent than in leachates without, yet the actual amounts do not differ notably between plant species. L. minor proves a better choice than P. stratiotes despite this as growth is superior for L. minor under the experimental conditions of this study. Considering biogas production, L. minor gives more methane than P. stratiotes according to the results from the batch run. The former is however not suitable for large-scale anaerobic digestion unless as an additional feedstock due to practical cultivation issues.

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16

Landry, J. Brooke. "Changes in the distribution and density of Florida Bay macrophytes: 1995-2004 /." Electronic version (PDF), 2005. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2005/landryj/jbrookelandry.pdf.

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17

Summers, Jacqueline Elizabeth. "Regulation of shoot extension in overwintering tubers of Potamogeton pectinatus L in aerobic and anaerobic conditions." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337261.

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18

Jaeger, Andrea L. "Invasive species impacts on ecosystem structure and function." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2006.

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19

Iles, William James Donaldson. "The phylogeny and evolution of two ancient lineages of aquatic plants." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44466.

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In my thesis I aim to improve our phylogenetic and evolutionary knowledge of two ancient and distantly related groups of aquatic flowering plants, Hydatellaceae and Alismatales. While the phylogeny of monocots has received fairly intense scrutiny for two decades, some parts of its diversification have been less frequently investigated. One such lineage is the order Alismatales, which defines one of the deepest splits in monocot evolution. Many families of Alismatales are aquatic or semi-aquatic, and they have been implicated in historical discussions of monocot origins. I evaluate inter-familial relationships in the order, considering a suite of 17 plastid genes for 31 Alismatales taxa for all 13 recognized families. This study improves on our understanding of, and confidence in, higher-order Alismatales relationships. I also uncovered convergent gene loss of plastid-encoded subunits for the NADH dehydrogenase complex. I then expand monocot coverage outside Alismatales by including unpublished and newly sequenced data for other orders. This large-scale sample facilitated a re-evaluation of monocot phylogeny and molecular dating, the latter using 25 fossil constraints. Previously included in the monocot order Poales, Hydatellaceae are a small family of ephemeral aquatics relatively recently found to be the sister group of water lilies (Cabombaceae and Nymphaeaceae). I present the first molecular phylogeny of the family and evaluate aspects of the family's morphological evolution. I show how sexual system shifts are associated with shifts in other reproductive traits. I also infer a temporal scale for Hydatellaceae diversification using a two-step Bayesian approach. I use the resulting dated tree to address biogeographic patterns and aspects of niche evolution. I show that its "Gondwanan" distribution is the result of long-distance dispersal and not continental rifting, and demonstrate strong phylogenetic niche conservatism in the family. These studies expand our understanding of evolution in Hydatellaceae, and provide a substantial update to our understanding of Alismatales (and more generally monocot) phylogeny and divergence times.

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20

Quayyum, H. A. "Interference of aquatic plants associated with wild rice (Zizania palustris L.)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1995. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/MQ33436.pdf.

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21

Maharjan, Renu. "Phytoremediation of Selected Pharmaceuticals by and their Phytotoxicity to Aquatic Plants." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1396172003.

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22

Nachtrieb, Julie Graham. "The impact of invertebrates to four aquatic macrophytes: Potamogeton nodosus, P. illinoensis, Vallisneria americana and Nymphaea mexicana." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9058/.

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This research investigated the impact of invertebrates to four species of native aquatic macrophytes: V. americana, P. nodosus, P. illinoensis, and N. mexicana. Two treatments were utilized on each plant species, an insecticide treatment to remove most invertebrates and a non-treated control. Ten herbivore taxa were collected during the duration of the study including; Synclita, Paraponyx, Donacia, Rhopalosiphum, and Hydrellia. Macrophyte biomass differences between treatments were not measured for V. americana or N. mexicana. The biomasses of P. nodosus and P. illinoensis in non-treated areas were reduced by 40% and 63% respectively. This indicated that herbivory, once thought to be insignificant to aquatic macrophytes, can cause substantial reductions in biomass.

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23

Comstock, Kelly K. "Transformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) by the aquatic plant myriophyllum spicatum." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21272.

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24

Jackson, Leland J. (Leland Joseph). "Rooted aquatic macrophytes and the cycling of littoral zone metals." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39449.

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The general goal of this thesis was to examine and quantify the role of rooted submerged aquatic macrophytes in the cycling of metals in the littoral zone. An empirical study using data from an extensive literature survey showed that aquatic plants do not differ markedly in element composition from the sediments in which they grow, and that during uptake the plant's roots do not discriminate between elements essential and not essential for growth. The organic content, pH and redox potential of the sediments were shown to affect the bioavailability of metals to the plants. Biomass density was used to categorize species to assess broad patterns in plant-sediment metal relationships. It was found that the presence/absence of an understory contributed variation to the plant-sediment metal relationships. The role of rooted macrophytes as vectors for various elements between the sediments and attached epiphyte was quantified by growing Myriophyllum spicatum in radio-labelled sediments. This species was found to be a link between the sediments and attached epiphytes for the 4 elements studied (Co, Cs, Eu and Mn). Finally, the export of dissolved metals from weedbeds during plant senescence was quantified using a mass balance approach. It was found that approximately 15% to 30% (depending on the metal) of the metal inventory of the plants at maximum seasonal biomass was lost as dissolved compounds during senescence. During the growing season the macrophyte beds were net sources of metals to the lake, but were net sinks annually.

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25

Tatu, Ketan. "An assessment of impacts of mute swans (Cygnus olor) on submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) in Chesapeake Bay, Maryland." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2006. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4504.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2006.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xvi, 161 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some part col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

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26

Bonar, Scott A. "Efficacy of sterile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) for aquatic plant control in the Pacific Northwest /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5352.

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27

Silva, Carolina Vieira [UNESP]. "Composição e abundância da comunidade de macroinvertebrados aquáticos associados à Eichhornia azurea (Swartz) Kunth e suas relações com as variáveis abióticas em seis lagoas laterais ao Rio paranapanema - SP." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99434.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-02-25Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:39:53Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_cv_me_botib.pdf: 1186795 bytes, checksum: 33ce3363a0d8502049345a0c4ff4a50a (MD5)
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O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a composição taxonômica e a densidade de macroinvertebrados associados à macrófita Eichhornia azurea (Swartz) Kunth em seis lagoas laterais ao Rio Paranapanema em sua zona de desembocadura na Represa de Jurumirim – SP. As amostragens foram realizadas em março e agosto de 2009, supostamente meses de estações chuvosa e seca, respectivamente. Em cada uma das seis lagoas, foram selecionados três bancos distintos de E. azurea para coleta do material biológico (macrófita e fauna associada) e medida das variáveis limnológicas: profundidade, transparência, temperatura, pH, condutividade elétrica e concentrações de oxigênio dissolvido e material em suspensão. A amostragem de E. azurea foi realizada com um retângulo de 0,1976 m2, utilizando-se uma tesoura de jardinagem para retirada do material vegetal, que foi lavado em solução de formol e água para remoção dos macroinvertebrados associados. Entre os períodos estudados diferenças significativas (p<0,05) foram encontradas tanto para as variáveis limnológicas, quanto para a densidade de alguns dos taxa de macroinvertebrados. Na comparação das lagoas entre si em março e agosto, com relação as variáveis limnológicas e densidade dos taxa de macroinvertebrados (em níveis de grandes grupos), o Teste Tukey apontou mais diferenças significativas (p<0,05) para março, embora alguns dos taxa de macroinvertebrados associados à E. azurea não tenha apresentado diferença significativa entre as lagoas em nenhum dos períodos amostrados. De acordo com a análise de componentes principais, o pH e oxigênio dissolvido são as variáveis que melhor explicam a ordenação das lagoas nos períodos de estudo. Com relação à fauna associada, em ambos os períodos a classe Insecta foi a mais abundante (com destaque a família Chironomidae), seguida pelo filo Crustacea e pela classe Clitellata...
The aim of this study was to analyze the taxonomic composition and density of macroinvertebrates associated with macrophyte Eichhornia azurea (Swartz) Kunth in six lagoons to the river side Paranapanema in its mouth zone into the Jurumirim Reservoir - SP. Samples were held in March and August 2009, supposedly months of rainy and dry seasons, respectively. In each of the six lagoons three different stands of E. azurea were selected for collecting biological material (macrophytes and associated fauna) and measurement of limnological variables: depth, transparency, temperature, pH, electric conductivity and concentrations of dissolved oxygen and suspended solids. The sampling of E. azurea was performed with a rectangle of 0,1976 m2, gardening shears was used to remove the plant material, which was washed in a solution of formaldehyde and water to remove associated macroinvertebrates. Between the two periods significant differences (p <0,05) were found for both limnological variables, and for the density of some of the taxa macroinvertebrates. In comparison with each other lagoons in March and August, related limnological variables and density of taxa of macroinvertebrates (levels in large groups), the Tukey test showed more significant differences (p <0,05) in March, although some of taxa of macroinvertebrates associated with E. azurea has not presented significant difference between the lagoons in any period sampled. According to principal components analysis, pH and dissolved oxygen are the variables that best explain the ordering of lagoons during the study periods. With respect to the associated fauna, in both periods the class Insecta was the most abundant (especially the family Chironomidae), followed by phylum Crustacea and the class Clitellata. However, comparing the richness of taxa in the months of sampling, it appears that higher values were recorded in August period... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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28

Sandberg, Dustin Cody. "Host Affiliations and Geographic Distributions of Fungal Endophytes Inhabiting Aquatic Plants in Northern Arizona, USA." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293649.

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Fungal communities of aquatic ecosystems are understudied, leaving major gaps in estimating global fungal biodiversity. In particular, little is known regarding the distinctiveness of (1) aquatic endophytes vs. those in terrestrial plants, and (2) waterborne fungi vs. those inhabiting aquatic plants or sediments. I assessed the diversity, composition, host affiliations, and geographic structure of culturable endophytes associated with aquatic angiosperms in reservoirs in northern Arizona, and their distinctiveness relative to waterborne- and sediment fungi. Endophytes were low in abundance yet extremely diverse. Communities differed significantly in composition among reservoirs and tissues. Aquatic endophytes were largely distinct from those in terrestrial plants, and from those in water and sediment, but did not demonstrate host specificity. This work reveals the uncommon diversity and distinctiveness of endophytes in aquatic plants, and provides a first quantitative estimation of endophytic associations in diverse, ecologically important, and economically relevant aquatic plants.

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29

Marwood, Christopher A. "Chlorophyll fluorescence as a mechanistic bioindicator of photosynthetic inhibition in aquatic plants." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0003/NQ43266.pdf.

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Reeves, Justin. "Plant Finding Behavior of Phytophagous Insects and Biological Control of Aquatic Plants." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1285168402.

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Newbolt, Chad Haynes Hepp Gary R. "Environmental parameters related to growth of submersed aquatic vegetation in the lower Mobile Delta, Alabama." Auburn, Ala., 2005. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2005%20Fall/Thesis/NEWBOLT_CHAD_22.pdf.

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Watanabe, Shohei. "Subsurface light conditions and light attenuation mechanisms in Missouri reservoirs /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1426113.

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Morrison, Wendy Elizabeth. "Aquatic plant-herbivore interactions across multiple spatial scales." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/34734.

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For decades scientists believed that herbivory had minimal impact on freshwater ecosystems. We now know that herbivory in freshwater systems equals or exceeds herbivory in terrestrial and marine systems. In extreme cases, herbivores can change clear, macrophyte dominated ecosystems into turbid plankton dominated ecosystems. Even though research on plant-herbivore interactions in freshwater systems has increased, there is still much that is unknown. This thesis is comprised of four studies investigating freshwater plant-herbivore interactions across multiple spatial scales. The first study investigated how induced chemical defenses in Cabomba caroliniana suppress herbivore consumption and growth as well as how this herbivore-generated change in plant chemistry affects the growth of plant associated microbes. At the spatial scale of individual ponds or lakes, consumers that induce their host plants may also be indirectly affecting other consumers and microbial pathogens via changes in this shared resource. The second study moves to an ecosystem scale and investigates how exotic versus native apple snails may impact Everglades' habitats. We investigated plant preference, consumption, growth and conversion efficiencies in the singly native apple snail to occur in the U.S. (Pomacea paludosa) versus four introduced species (P. canaliculata, P. insularum, P. haustrum and P. diffusa). We found that even though plant preferences are similar, invasive snails tend to eat more, grow more rapidly, and sometimes more efficiently than natives. This suggests that invasive species could have a large impact on the environment, especially the abundance of submerged plants. The third study investigated how palatability of freshwater plants varies with latitude (i.e. geographic scale). Increased herbivory at lower latitudes is hypothesized to select for increased plant defenses, which has been shown to be true for tropical forests, salt marshes, and seaweeds. When we contrasted eight confamilial plants collected in Indiana versus Southern Florida, three of four herbivores significantly preferred northern plants. When we evaluated a second set of plants collected from Indiana versus Central Florida, only one of three herbivores preferred the northern plants. Overall, our results suggest a preference for northern plants, but the strength of this relationship was variable. We hypothesize that this variability may be driven by 1) local variance in herbivore pressure that creates variance in plant defenses, and/or 2) the effect of winter length on the survival and feeding rate of herbivores. The final study expanded to a world scale, and investigated herbivore preference for native vs exotic plants. We found that both N. American crayfish and S. American snails preferred exotic plants over confamilial natives, despite responding to different plant characteristics. The single species of apple snail that occurs in N. American showed no preference for native or exotic plants from a N. American perspective, but instead exhibited preferences that correlated with its history of evolution in S. America. As the N. American species is a sister species of the S. American snails, feeding by the N. American snail appears more affected by its S. American lineage than its recent history in N. America. This suggests that phylogenetic legacy will affect choices of the herbivore as well as resistance or susceptibility of plants.

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Diop, Ousseynou. "Management of invasive aquatic weeds with emphasis on biological control in Senegal." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005414.

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In 1985 the Diama Dam was built near the mouth of the Senegal River to regulate flows during the rainy season and prevent the intrusion of seawater during the dry season. This created ideal conditions upstream of the dam wall for invasion by two highly invasive aquatic weeds, first by water lettuce Pistia stratiotes Linnaeus (Araceae) in 1993, and then by salvinia Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitchell (Salviniaceae) in 1999. This study was focused on the management of P. stratiotes and S. molesta. Following successes that were achieved elsewhere in the world, biological control programmes involving two weevil species were inaugurated against both weeds and research was focused on several aspects. These included pre-release studies to determine the weevils' host-specificity and impact on the plants in the laboratory, their subsequent mass-rearing and releases at selected sites and post-release evaluations on their impact on the weed populations in the field. Both programmes, which reprepresented the first biocontrol efforts against aquatic weeds in Senegal, proved highly successful with severe damage inflicted on the weed populations and complete control achieved within a relatively short time span. A laboratory exclusion experiment with N. affinis on P. stratiotes showed that in treated tubs, the weevil strongly depressed plant performance as measured by the plant growth parameters: mass, rosette diameter, root length, number of leaves and daughter plants whereas control plants were healthy. Field releases started in September 1994 and water coverage by P. stratiotes at Lake Guiers was reduced by 25% in January 1995 and 50% in April 1995. A general decline of 65% in water coverage by P. stratiotes was observed in June 1995 and by August 1995, eight months after releases P. stratiotes mats were destroyed. Further, although no releases were made there, good results were obtained within 18 months at Djoudj Park water bodies, located 150 km NW from Lake Guiers indicating the potential of the weevil to disperse long distances. In 2005, P. stratiotes reappeared and the weevil N. affinis has located and controlled all of these P. stratiotes recurrences after new releases. In 1999, S. molesta covered an estimated area of 18 000 ha on the Senegal River Left Bank and tributaries (Senegal) and 7 840 ha on the Senegal River Right Bank (Mauritania). Military and Civil Development Committee (CCMAD) and community volunteers made an effort to control S. molesta using physical removal, but this costly and labour-intensive approach was unsustainable. Hence, biological control was adopted by Senegal and Mauritania to manage the weed. Host range tests to assess feeding by C. salviniae on S. molesta and non-target plants and carried out on 13 crop species showed that no feeding damage was observed on the latter and weevils only fed on S. molesta. Field releases of some 48 953 weevils at 270 sites were made from early January 2002 to August 2002. Within one year, weevils were established and were being recovered up to 50 km from the release sites. In a case study conducted at one of the release sites, the S. molesta infestation was reduced from 100% to less than 3% 24 months after release. These results are discussed in the context of the weeds’ negative impact on aquatic systems and riverside communities, and in the involvement of these communities in the programmes.

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Harms, Nathan Earl. "Comparison of Heteranthera Dubia (Jacq.) MacM.-associated Macroinvertebrates Between Georgraphical Regions in the United States." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc28427/.

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Macroinvertebrates associated with the aquatic plant, water stargrass (Heteranthera dubia), were sampled from 12 waterbodies in four regions of the United States from June to August 2005. Taxa richness, evenness, and diversity were lowest in the Lower Midwest (LMW) region, and higher in Northern sites, especially the Upper Midwest (UMW), and Northeast (NE). While relative abundance varied from site to site and region to region, utilization of the plant by functional groups remained fairly constant. Collector-gatherers consistently comprised the largest portion of invertebrates sampled. The shredder/ herbivore functional group comprised an average of 17 % of total groups. Through an exhaustive literature review, it was found that shredder/ herbivores of water stargrass have not been reported in the literature. Because of this, the herbivore group was analyzed separately and consisted of 2,383 specimens representing 23 species. The most common groups were Rhopalosiphum sp., Nectopsyche spp. and chironomids. No differences were found in herbivore diversity or evenness between sampling regions, but species richness was significantly different.

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36

Hall, Charles E. (Charles Edward) Carleton University Dissertation Biology. "The study of photosynthetic energy storage in aquatic plants using photothermal deflection spectroscopy." Ottawa, 1995.

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37

Bucaram, Santiago. "The impact of invasive plants on the recreational value of Florida's aquatic areas." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0021309.

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38

Polomski, Robert Frank. "Nitrogen and phosphorus remediation of aquatic garden plants in laboratory-scale constructed wetlands." Connect to this title online, 2009. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1252937790/.

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39

MacÃdo, JoemÃlia ConceiÃÃo AraÃjo. "Distribution of functional groups of aquatic plants in coastal wetlands of northeastern Brazil." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=14346.

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FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico
As plantas aquÃticas situadas em lagoas costeiras apresentam traÃos funcionais selecionados por condiÃÃes abiÃticas e relacionados Ã histÃria de vida, que lhes permitiram a colonizaÃÃo e estabelecimento nesses ambientes. O presente trabalho testou as seguintes hipÃteses: (1) que as espÃcies possuem um padrÃo homogÃneo de traÃos funcionais, resultando na formaÃÃo de poucos grupos; (2) que as variÃveis limnolÃgicas e pedolÃgicas atuam como filtro que selecionam esses traÃos e interferem na distribuiÃÃo das populaÃÃes na lagoa. Desta forma os traÃos funcionais das espÃcies presentes numa lagoa costeira do nordeste brasileiro foram analisados por meio de uma amostragem por transectos. Amostras de sedimento foram retiradas e analisadas em laboratÃrio. Os parÃmetros limnolÃgicos foram aferidos em campo, assim como a profundidade da lÃmina dâÃgua e a distÃncia de ocorrÃncia das espÃcies em relaÃÃo Ã margem. Os dados biolÃgicos evidenciaram a formaÃÃo de dois grupos funcionais, corroborando a primeira hipÃtese. PorÃm, as variÃveis abiÃticas foram associadas Ã distribuiÃÃo de poucas populaÃÃes, refutando a segunda hipÃtese. Com isso concluÃmos que a comunidade de plantas aquÃticas analisada Ã formada por traÃos semelhantes e os efeitos abiÃticos nÃo sÃo determinantes para formaÃÃo destes grupos.
Aquatic plants located in coastal lagoons have functional traits selected by abiotic conditions and related to the history of life, which allowed them to colonization and establishment in these environments. The present study tested the following hypotheses: (1) that the species have a homogeneous pattern of functional traits, resulting in the formation of a few groups; (2) that the limnological variables and soil act as a filter to select those traits and interfere in the distribution of populations in the pond. Thus the functional traits of the species present in a coastal lagoon in northeastern Brazil were analyzed using a sampling transects. Sediment samples were taken and analyzed in the laboratory. The limnology parameters were measured in the field, as well as the depth of the water depth and the occurrence of species away from the margin. Biological data showed formation of two functional groups, supporting the first hypothesis. But the abiotic variables were associated with the distribution of a few people, refuting the latter. Thus we conclude that the community of aquatic plants analyzed is formed by similar traits and abiotic effects are not decisive for the formation of these groups.

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40

James, Cassandra Sarah. "Competition between three aquatic macrophytes, Elodea canadensis Michx., Elodea nuttallii (Planch.) H. St. John, and Lagarosiphon major (Ridley) moss." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367132.

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41

Silva, Carolina Vieira. "Composição e abundância da comunidade de macroinvertebrados aquáticos associados à Eichhornia azurea (Swartz) Kunth e suas relações com as variáveis abióticas em seis lagoas laterais ao Rio paranapanema - SP /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99434.

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Orientador: Raoul Henry
Banca: Alaíde Aparecida Gessner
Banca: Evanilde Benedito
Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a composição taxonômica e a densidade de macroinvertebrados associados à macrófita Eichhornia azurea (Swartz) Kunth em seis lagoas laterais ao Rio Paranapanema em sua zona de desembocadura na Represa de Jurumirim - SP. As amostragens foram realizadas em março e agosto de 2009, supostamente meses de estações chuvosa e seca, respectivamente. Em cada uma das seis lagoas, foram selecionados três bancos distintos de E. azurea para coleta do material biológico (macrófita e fauna associada) e medida das variáveis limnológicas: profundidade, transparência, temperatura, pH, condutividade elétrica e concentrações de oxigênio dissolvido e material em suspensão. A amostragem de E. azurea foi realizada com um retângulo de 0,1976 m2, utilizando-se uma tesoura de jardinagem para retirada do material vegetal, que foi lavado em solução de formol e água para remoção dos macroinvertebrados associados. Entre os períodos estudados diferenças significativas (p<0,05) foram encontradas tanto para as variáveis limnológicas, quanto para a densidade de alguns dos taxa de macroinvertebrados. Na comparação das lagoas entre si em março e agosto, com relação as variáveis limnológicas e densidade dos taxa de macroinvertebrados (em níveis de grandes grupos), o Teste Tukey apontou mais diferenças significativas (p<0,05) para março, embora alguns dos taxa de macroinvertebrados associados à E. azurea não tenha apresentado diferença significativa entre as lagoas em nenhum dos períodos amostrados. De acordo com a análise de componentes principais, o pH e oxigênio dissolvido são as variáveis que melhor explicam a ordenação das lagoas nos períodos de estudo. Com relação à fauna associada, em ambos os períodos a classe Insecta foi a mais abundante (com destaque a família Chironomidae), seguida pelo filo Crustacea e pela classe Clitellata... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The aim of this study was to analyze the taxonomic composition and density of macroinvertebrates associated with macrophyte Eichhornia azurea (Swartz) Kunth in six lagoons to the river side Paranapanema in its mouth zone into the Jurumirim Reservoir - SP. Samples were held in March and August 2009, supposedly months of rainy and dry seasons, respectively. In each of the six lagoons three different stands of E. azurea were selected for collecting biological material (macrophytes and associated fauna) and measurement of limnological variables: depth, transparency, temperature, pH, electric conductivity and concentrations of dissolved oxygen and suspended solids. The sampling of E. azurea was performed with a rectangle of 0,1976 m2, gardening shears was used to remove the plant material, which was washed in a solution of formaldehyde and water to remove associated macroinvertebrates. Between the two periods significant differences (p <0,05) were found for both limnological variables, and for the density of some of the taxa macroinvertebrates. In comparison with each other lagoons in March and August, related limnological variables and density of taxa of macroinvertebrates (levels in large groups), the Tukey test showed more significant differences (p <0,05) in March, although some of taxa of macroinvertebrates associated with E. azurea has not presented significant difference between the lagoons in any period sampled. According to principal components analysis, pH and dissolved oxygen are the variables that best explain the ordering of lagoons during the study periods. With respect to the associated fauna, in both periods the class Insecta was the most abundant (especially the family Chironomidae), followed by phylum Crustacea and the class Clitellata. However, comparing the richness of taxa in the months of sampling, it appears that higher values were recorded in August period... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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42

White, Sean D. "Internal pressurisation and convective flow in two species of emergent macrophyte; Typha domingensis and Phragmites australis /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw5877.pdf.

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43

O'Reilly, Kirk Thomas. "The role of copper in the apparent aluminum toxicity of aquatic systems." PDXScholar, 1985. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3522.

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The effect of variations in aluminum and copper concentrations on the growth rate and enzyme activity of the green alga Scenedesmus quadricauda was investigated. The goal was to determine which chemical species control the biological parameters. The computer program MINEQL (Westal et al 1976) was used to estimate chemical speciation. In the prevalence of both metals, algal growth rate and alkaline phosphatase activity could be correlated to cupric ion activity. The activity of isolated bacterial alkaline phosphatase was found to be a function of both total copper concentration and cupric ion activity. A model was developed to predicted the effects on alkaline phosphatase of perturbation in aquatic chemistry.

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44

Carvalho, Renato FraÌ„guas De. "The behaviour of pesticides in sediment/water systems and their uptake by aquatic plants." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411552.

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Bateman, Mark J. "The uptake of heavy metals by aquatic macrophytes and the development of microsampling analytical techniques." Thesis, Coventry University, 1999. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/82ba9974-f8fc-6290-40a7-3a64e63ff8a6/1.

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This thesis reviews literature relating both to the treatment of metal rich wastewaters by the use of constructed wetlands and the use of slurry analytical procedures for the determination of heavy metals in environmental micro-samples. A survey of metal contaminated wetland sites showed that aquatic plants maintain low levels of metals in aerial parts despite some very elevated sediment metal concentrations and extreme acidity. A series of greenhouse trials investigated the uptake of metals into aerial sections of Typha, Phragmites and Equisetum in long term hydroponic experiments. Phragmites was shown to accumulate zinc to a higher level than Typha. The toxicity of zinc supplied in the nutrient solution at 5 mg.dm-3 over long periods was found to limit the viability of such non-sediment based systems. A reliable routine analytical procedure was developed along with a program of quality control for the study of metal uptake into aquatic plants. A micro sampling technique, eminently suited for the analysis of small plant sections was developed. This technique uses ozone to ash the plant samples at a low temperature and following suspension in a liquid medium provides a sample ready for slurry determinations by a variety of analytical instrumentation. It is proposed that this method may also be suitable for the determination of metals in individual invertebrates and other zoological micro-samples as well as potential applications in the medical field.

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46

Larson, Daniel. "Non-indigenous freshwater plants : patterns, processes and risk evaluation /." Uppsala : Dept. of Environmental Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/200715.pdf.

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47

Brownlow, Marcus D. "Water regime and the aquatic vegetation of Bool Lagoon, South Australia /." Title page, table of contents and summary only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb8852.pdf.

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Wright, Karen Louise. "Seaforms /." Online version of thesis, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10412.

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Woods, Helen. "An Examination of Potential Conflict between SAV and Hard Clam Aquaculture in the Lower Chesapeake Bay." W&M ScholarWorks, 2001. http://web.vims.edu/library/Theses/Woods01.pdf.

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Miniutti, Danielle. "Assessing Impacts of the Aquatic Invaders in Maine (AIM) Workshop on Inquiry Pedagogy and Student Learning." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2009. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/MiniuttiD2009.pdf.

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