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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Aquatic plants as feed'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 28 January 2023

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1

Torbatinejad, Nourmohammad. "Nutritional evaluation and utilisation of an aquatic plant, Posidonia australis (seagrass) in sheep." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1995. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09pht676.pdf.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 290-333). Describes research into the nutritional value of aquatic plants as novel or non-conventional feedstuffs for ruminants in general and for sheep in particular, with especial reference to those which are available in high amount in southern Australia, such as the seagrass, Posidonia australis.

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2

Velásquez, Yorcelis Carmelina Cruz. "Study on the locally available aquatic macrophytes as fish feed for rural aquaculture purposes in South America." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Landwirtschaftlich-Gärtnerische Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17510.

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Zur Sicherung der Fischbestände muss die Aquakultur ihren Beitrag zur Weltfischversorgung weiter steigern. Solange jedoch die Fischfutter Produktion stark von der Gewinnung von Fischmehl abhängig ist, bestehen für die Aquakultur natürliche Begrenzungen und die Gefahr der Überfischung der Fischbestände bleibt erhalten. Wenn das Wachstumspotenzial der Aquakultur ausgeschöpft werden soll, müssen beträchtliche Mengen von Nährstoffeinträgen in Form von vollständigen Aquakultur-Mischfuttermitteln auf einer nachhaltigen Basis verfügbar sein. Aufgrund des gestiegenen Preises von kommerziellem Fischfutter sind Kleinproduzenten nicht in der Lage dieses zu erwerben. Daher ist es notwendig, ihnen alternatives Fischfutter zur Verfügung zu stellen. Wasserpflanzen können eine bedeutende Nahrungsquelle für herbivore- und omnivore Fische sein. Dennoch ist die Nutzung dieser Pflanzen als Zusatz für Fischfutter durch eine Reihe antinutritiver Substanzen, welche das normale Fischwachstum negativ beeinträchtigen, begrenzt. Unterschiedliche Behandlungen der Pflanzen können den Anteil an antinutritiven Substanzen reduzieren. Das Ziel dieser Dissertation war es, das nutritive Potential von Wasserpflanzen zu bestimmen. Die Wirkung der Behandlungen wie Sonnentrocknung oder Fermentierung zu bewerten und den Effekt ihrer Nutzung als Fischfutter auf das Wachstum von kultivierten Fischen zu erfassen. Dazu wurden Rationen mit einem geringen Gehalt an Fischmehl (3%) und bis zu 25% der Wasserpflanzen an die Fischspezies P. brachypomus und O. niloticus verfüttert. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchung zeigen dass, eine ausschließlich auf aquatischen Makrophyten basierende Fütterung nicht empfehlenswert ist. Indem sie jedoch mit anderen lokal verfügbaren Agrar-Nebenerzeugnissen oder sogar mit kommerziellen Futtermitteln kombiniert werden, könnten die Futterkosten erheblich reduziert werden und bäuerlichen Kleinbetrieben eine Möglichkeit zum Wettbewerb auf den lokalen Märkten eröffnen.
It is commonly known that aquaculture needs to increase further its net contribution to the total world fish supplies. However, at present almost all farming operations, based on the use of fish feed, are highly dependent on available fishery resources for the production of fish meal, becoming a reducing activity rather than an activity suppling fishery resources. If the aquaculture growth potential is to be maintained, then considerable quantities of nutrient inputs in the form of aquafeeds will have to be available on a sustainable basis. On a long-term the small producers will be unable to depend on commercial aquafeeds based traditionally on fish meal, due to its increased price. Small-scale farmers need an alternative fish feed wherever possible based on the use of non-food grade locally feed resources, which is available in rural areas, is low-cost and is suitable for the proper growth and maintenance of native fish. Aquatic plants are considered important nutritional sources for herbivorous-omnivorous fish. However, the use of plant-derived materials as fish feed ingredient is limited by the presence of wide variety of antinutrients that affect the normal fish growth negatively; so that plants should be processed to reduce the effects of these compounds. Considering these aspects, this study assessed the nutritional potential of aquatic plants available in rural Colombia treated by sun drying and by fermentation and the effect of their use as fish feed on the growth performance of common cultured tropical fish (Piaractus brachypomus and Oreochromis niloticus) fed low fishmeal diets (3%) and until 25% of aquatic plants. The results of this study showed that a feeding exclusively based on aquatic plants is not recommendable; but to combine them with other locally available by-products of agriculture or even with commercial diets might considerably reduce feeding cost and provide to the small-scale farmers the opportunity to compete in local markets.

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3

Sabet, Mitra Deliri, and n/a. "Aquatic plants as indicators of heavy metal contamination." University of Canberra. Resource, Environmental & Heritage Sciences, 1997. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061107.161814.

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Concentrations of heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Cr, Zn, Mn, Fe and Pb) in the water columns, aquatic plants and sediments of fourteen lakes of varied levels of pollution were measured. Correlation analysis was carried out between heavy metal concentrations in aquatic plants and heavy metal concentrations in water and sediment. The aquatic plants which accumulated heavy metals in their tissues in proportion to that in water and sediments were identified. The aquatic plants studied were: 8/yxa auberti Rich, Cabomba caroliniana Gray, Ceratophyllum demersum L, Ceratopteris thalictroides (L.) Bron, Chara globularis, Eichhornia crassipes Solmn, Hydrilla verticillata Royle, Ipomoea aquatica Forsk, Limnophila aromatica (Lam.) Merr., Ludwigia adscendens (L) Hara, Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn, Nymphaea stallata Linn, Nymphoides indica (L.) Kuntze, Typha angustata Bony & Chaub and Utricularia aurea Lour. Metal uptake by aquatic plants varied between different species and within the same species depending on lake water contamination levels. The level of metal uptake to a great extent was a function of the environment water metal concentration. Results showed that Utricularia accumulated Mn, Zn, Cr, Cd and Pb in direct proportion to the overlying waters (r2 = 0.69, 0.63, 0.69, 0.65 and 0.39 respectively). Hydrilla accumulated Cu, Mn, Zn, Fe, Cr, Cd and Pb in direct proportion to the overlying waters (r2 = 0.65, 0.66, 0.44, 0.72, 0.38, 0.63, and 0.73 respectively). Blyxa leaves accumulated Zn, Fe, Cr, Cd and Pb in direct proportion to the overlying waters (r2 = 0.74, 0.74, 0.72, 0.60 and 0.82 respectively). Echhornia leaf accumulated only Cr in direct proportion to the overlying waters r2 = 0.81. Nymphaea leaf and Chara did not accumulate any metal in direct proportion to the overlying waters. Roots of Blyxa auberti, Ceratopteris thalictroides, and Eichhornia crassipes contained higher concentrations of heavy metals than their leaves. Roots of Blyxa accumulated Cr, Cd and Pb in direct proportion to the overlying waters (r2 = 0.91, 0.65 and 0.69 respectively). Echhornia root accumulated Cd in direct proportion to the overlying waters with r2 = 0.90. Nymphaea stem showed no significant correlations between the metal concentrations in the waters and in the plant. Utricularia accumulated Zn, Fe, Cr, Cd and Pb in direct proportion to the metals in the underlying sediment extracted by cold hydrochloric acid (r2 = 0.84, 0.51, 0.47, 0.68 and 0.80 respectively). Hydrilla accumulated Cu, Zn, Cr, Cd and Pb in direct proportion to the underlying sediment (r2 = 0.34, 0.37, 0.91, 0.49 and 0.96 respectively). Blyxa accumulated Zn, Fe, Cr, Cd and Pb in direct proportion to the underlying sediments (r2 = 0.99, 0.61, 0.82, 0.75 and 0.64 respectively) . Echhornia leaf showed significant correlation between the Cu (r2 = 0.83) and Cr (i2 = 0.88) concentration in underlying sediment and the plant. Nymphaea leaf showed a significant correlation between the Zn (r2 = 0.83) concentration in the plant and the underlying sediments. Roots of Blyxa showed significant correlation between concentrations of Cu, Cr and Pb in sediment extracted by hydrochloric acid and plant (r2 = 0.9, 0.7 and 0.9 respectively). Roots of Echhornia had no significant correlation with the sediment metal concentrations (hydrochloric acid extractable). Two techniques (cold hydrochloric acid extractable and nitric acid extractable) to extract metals from sediment were compared. Based on correlations of metal concentrations in plant tissue and metal extracted from the sediment, it was concluded that the cold hydrochloric acid extractable metal technique is more suitable for determining bioavailable sediment metal concentration in environmental studies. Laboratory studies investigations on the bioaccumulation of Zn and Cu in Hydrilla confirmed that Hydrilla is a good bioindicator of Cu as it accumulated 20360 ug/g dry weight of Cu in 72 hours. Hydrilla showed higher bioaccumulation factor with low concentration of Cu in the solution, in the laboratory studies. Hydrilla was determined to be the best indicator species as it reflected the heavy metal concentration in the environment which was supported by the laboratory studies.

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4

Forster, Rodney Malcolm. "The control of photosynthetic capacity in aquatic plants." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.317439.

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5

MacFarlane, Jeffrey Julius. "Diffusion, boundary layers and the uptake of nutrients by aquatic macrophytes /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1985. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phm1431.pdf.

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6

Littles, Chanda Jones. "Effects of rapid salinity change on submersed aquatic plants." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0011820.

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7

Tront, Jacqueline Marie. "Plant Activity and Organic Contaminant Processing by Aquatic Plants." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5234.

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This research explored fate of organic contaminants in aquatic plant systems through (i) experimental development of relationships to describe sorption, uptake and enzymatic processing of contaminants by plants and inhibition of aquatic plants by contaminants and (ii) incorporation of experimental relationships into a conceptual model which describes contaminant fate in aquatic plant systems. This study focused on interactions of aquatic plants L. minor and M. aquaticum with halogenated phenols. 2,4,5-trichlorophenol (2,4,5-TCP) and 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) are precursors for the highly toxic and heavily applied herbicides 2,4,5-T and 2,4-D and were examined in detail. Chlorophenols are generally resistant to microbial degradation, a property which may limit microbial remediation options as effective alternatives for clean up of contaminated sites. Relationships for fundamental interactions between plants and contaminants that dictate uptake, enzymatic processing and sequestration of contaminants by aquatic plants were established. An assay which quantified production of oxygen by plants was developed to quantify plant metabolic activity and inhibition. Uptake of chlorinated phenols depended on plant activity and aqueous phase concentration of contaminant in the protonated form. Therefore, plant activity, contaminant pKa and media pH were established as critical parameters controlling rate of contaminant uptake. A conceptual model was developed which incorporated plant activity and inhibition into a mathematical description of uptake of organic contaminants by aquatic plants. The conceptual model was parameterized using experimental data delineating effect of plant activity, inhibition and speciation on contaminant uptake and the model was verified using independently gathered data. Experimentation with radio-labeled chlorinated phenols established that contaminants were sequestered internal to plants by plant enzymatic processing. 19F NMR was established as a technique to quantify transformation and conjugation products internal to plants and contaminant assimilation by plants and demonstrated that multiple metabolites containing the parent compound were present and quantifiable internal to plants. Finally, fate of plant-sequestered contaminants in an anaerobic bioassay was examined using Desulfitobacterium sp. strain Viet1. The results of this study address the role of aquatic plants in sequestration of contaminants in surface waters that indicate the potential and limitations of use of aquatic plants in natural and engineered treatment systems.

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8

Damiri, Basma. "Risk characterization for boron and aquatic plants and animals." Connect to this title online, 2007. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1202498572/.

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9

Kelly, Wanda Jean. "Geometrical relationships specifying the phyllotactic pattern of aquatic plants." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/8074.

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Thesis (M.S.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2008.
Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

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10

Lu, Qin. "Evaluation of aquatic plants for phytoremediation of eutrophic stormwaters." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0024791.

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11

Reinhold, Dawn Marie. "Fate of fluorinated organic pollutants in aquatic plant systems studies with lemnaceae and lemnaceae tissue cultures /." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26506.

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Thesis (Ph.D)--Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.
Committee Chair: Saunders, F. Michael; Committee Member: Huang, Ching-Hua; Committee Member: Hughes, Joseph; Committee Member: Loeffler, Frank; Committee Member: Pullman, Gerald; Committee Member: Spain, Jim. Part of the SMARTech Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Collection.

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12

Ström, Emma. "Leachate treatment and anaerobic digestion using aquatic plants and algae." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Water and Environmental Studies, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-57512.

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Phytoremediation as a way to control and lessen nutrient concentrations in landfill leachate is a cheap and environmentally sustainable method. Accumulated nutrients in the plants can then be removed by harvesting and anaerobically digesting the biomass. This study presents two aquatic plants (L. minor (L.) and P. stratiotes (L.)) and one microalgae species (C. vulgaris (L.)), their capacities for growth and nutrient removal in leachate from Häradsudden landfill, Sweden, are investigated. The biogas potential of the two plants is determined via anaerobic digestion in a batch run, followed by a lab-scale reactor run for L. minor only. Results show that growth in leachate directly from the landfill is not possible for the selected species, but at a leachate dilution of 50% or more. Nutrients are removed in leachates with plants to a higher extent than in leachates without, yet the actual amounts do not differ notably between plant species. L. minor proves a better choice than P. stratiotes despite this as growth is superior for L. minor under the experimental conditions of this study. Considering biogas production, L. minor gives more methane than P. stratiotes according to the results from the batch run. The former is however not suitable for large-scale anaerobic digestion unless as an additional feedstock due to practical cultivation issues.

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13

Begg, Fiona H. "Anthropogenic '1'4C in the natural (aquatic) environment." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300458.

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14

Becker, Lindsey M. "Aquatic invertebrate, vegetation, and hydrology assessment of Long Meadow Lake prior to effects of hydrological manipulations /." Link to full text, 2007. http://epapers.uwsp.edu/thesis/2007/Becker.pdf.

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15

Nachtrieb, Julie G. Kennedy James H. "The impact of invertebrates to four aquatic macrophytes Potamogeton nodosus, P. illinoensis, Vallisneria americana and Nymphaea mexicana /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2008. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-9058.

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16

Summers, Jacqueline Elizabeth. "Regulation of shoot extension in overwintering tubers of Potamogeton pectinatus L in aerobic and anaerobic conditions." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337261.

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17

Thakare, Mohan N. "Pharmacological Screening of Some Medicinal Plants as Antimicrobial and Feed Additives." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/10052.

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The following study was conducted to investigate the antibacterial and feed additive potential of medicinal plants. Ethanol extracts of different medicinal plants including Curcuma longa (Turmeric), Zingiber officinale (Ginger), Piper nigrum (Black Pepper), Cinnamomum cassia (Cinnamon), Thymus vulgaris (Thyme), Laurus nobilis (Bay leaf), and Syzgium aromaticum (Clove) were tested using the disc diffusion method for their antimicrobial activity against the common poultry pathogens E. coli, S. typhimurium, E. faecium, and E. faecalis. Cinnamon extract (CE), at 130 mg/disk, exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli, S. typhimurium, and E. faecalis. Thyme extract (TE), at 30 mg/disk, exhibited antibacterial activity against E. coli, E. faecium, and E. faecalis while the remaining medicinal plants extracts showed no activity. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the cinnamon and thyme ranged from 31.25 to 250 mg/ml by the dilution method. From this in vitro antibacterial study, cinnamon and thyme were selected for a 21-d feeding trial in broilers to study their influence on feed consumption, body weight gain, and feed conversion. There were 6 dietary treatments groups: 1) negative control (NC) containing no plant extracts or antibiotic, 2) positive control (PC) containing BMD (bacitracin) at 50g/ton of feed, 3) Diet 1 plus low level of cinnamon extract (LCE) at 290 gm/100 kg of feed, 4) Diet 1 plus high level of cinnamon extract (HCE) at 580 gm/ 100 kg of feed, 5) Diet 1 plus low level of thyme extract (LTE) at 290 gm/100kg of feed, and 6) Diet 6 plus high level of thyme extract (HTE) at 580 gm/100 kg of feed. No significant changes in body weight gain were observed with the cinnamon extracts compared to the NC or PC at 7, 14, or 21 d. The HTE reduced body weight gain compare to the NC and PC at 7, 14, and 21 d (P < 0.02). No difference in feed efficiency was observed with any of the treatments except LCE which reduced feed efficiency compared to other treatments. No difference in feed consumption was found among any of the treatments. These results suggest that cinnamon and thyme have antibacterial activity in vitro, and thyme has an activity that reduces body weight. Since cinnamon caused no significant change in body weight gain compared to positive or negative controls, it warrants further study as a substitute for antibiotics in the diet.
Master of Science

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18

Newbolt, Chad Haynes Hepp Gary R. "Environmental parameters related to growth of submersed aquatic vegetation in the lower Mobile Delta, Alabama." Auburn, Ala., 2005. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/2005%20Fall/Thesis/NEWBOLT_CHAD_22.pdf.

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19

Quayyum, H. A. "Interference of aquatic plants associated with wild rice (Zizania palustris L.)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1995. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/MQ33436.pdf.

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20

Iles, William James Donaldson. "The phylogeny and evolution of two ancient lineages of aquatic plants." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/44466.

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In my thesis I aim to improve our phylogenetic and evolutionary knowledge of two ancient and distantly related groups of aquatic flowering plants, Hydatellaceae and Alismatales. While the phylogeny of monocots has received fairly intense scrutiny for two decades, some parts of its diversification have been less frequently investigated. One such lineage is the order Alismatales, which defines one of the deepest splits in monocot evolution. Many families of Alismatales are aquatic or semi-aquatic, and they have been implicated in historical discussions of monocot origins. I evaluate inter-familial relationships in the order, considering a suite of 17 plastid genes for 31 Alismatales taxa for all 13 recognized families. This study improves on our understanding of, and confidence in, higher-order Alismatales relationships. I also uncovered convergent gene loss of plastid-encoded subunits for the NADH dehydrogenase complex. I then expand monocot coverage outside Alismatales by including unpublished and newly sequenced data for other orders. This large-scale sample facilitated a re-evaluation of monocot phylogeny and molecular dating, the latter using 25 fossil constraints. Previously included in the monocot order Poales, Hydatellaceae are a small family of ephemeral aquatics relatively recently found to be the sister group of water lilies (Cabombaceae and Nymphaeaceae). I present the first molecular phylogeny of the family and evaluate aspects of the family's morphological evolution. I show how sexual system shifts are associated with shifts in other reproductive traits. I also infer a temporal scale for Hydatellaceae diversification using a two-step Bayesian approach. I use the resulting dated tree to address biogeographic patterns and aspects of niche evolution. I show that its "Gondwanan" distribution is the result of long-distance dispersal and not continental rifting, and demonstrate strong phylogenetic niche conservatism in the family. These studies expand our understanding of evolution in Hydatellaceae, and provide a substantial update to our understanding of Alismatales (and more generally monocot) phylogeny and divergence times.

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21

Maharjan, Renu. "Phytoremediation of Selected Pharmaceuticals by and their Phytotoxicity to Aquatic Plants." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1396172003.

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22

Watanabe, Shohei. "Subsurface light conditions and light attenuation mechanisms in Missouri reservoirs /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1426113.

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23

Landry, J. Brooke. "Changes in the distribution and density of Florida Bay macrophytes: 1995-2004 /." Electronic version (PDF), 2005. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2005/landryj/jbrookelandry.pdf.

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24

Comstock, Kelly K. "Transformation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) by the aquatic plant myriophyllum spicatum." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21272.

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Ben, Zaed Samar Abolgasem. "Chemical and molecular analysis of Libyan desert plants used in camel feed." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2016. http://digitool.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27841.

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Camels form an integral part of everyday life of Bedouins and other communities living in arid/desert zones. There is evidence that these communities use camel milk and urine for therapeutic purposes. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition of Rhanterium epapposum, Astragalus spinosus, Tamarix aphylla and Citrullus colocynthus -desert plants used commonly in camel fodder, which may be a source of therapeutically active compounds that could be transferred to camel body fluids. Plants were investigated phytochemically and a range of compounds, including phenolic compounds containing sulphur, were elucidated; one of which appears to be novel. In addition, flavonoids, isoflavonoid derivatives, cucurbitacin, and cucurbitacin glycosides were isolated from these plants. Isolated compounds produced in adequate quantities were screened in vitro for cytotoxic activity against human cancer cell lines: A375 (malignant melanoma), PANC-1 (pancreatic carcinoma), A2780 (ovarian carcinoma), ZR-75-1 (breast carcinoma), LNCaP (prostate carcinoma), and HeLa (cervical cancer) and a non-cancer (PNT2) cell line using an AlamarBlue® assay. In parallel, this study also attempted to examine miRNAs present in the plants, camel milk and urine, which might have a therapeutic role via the dietary xenomir hypothesis which suggests plant-derived small nucleic acids can be passed through the food chain to humans and potentially regulate human gene expression. In conclusion, compounds were identified for the first time from camel fodder, some of which had anti-cancer activity. In addition, to phytochemicals, preliminary data showed the possibility of miRNA molecules from these plants having an anti-cancer role to play.

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Tatu, Ketan. "An assessment of impacts of mute swans (Cygnus olor) on submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) in Chesapeake Bay, Maryland." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2006. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=4504.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2006.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xvi, 161 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some part col.). Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

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27

Silva, Carolina Vieira [UNESP]. "Composição e abundância da comunidade de macroinvertebrados aquáticos associados à Eichhornia azurea (Swartz) Kunth e suas relações com as variáveis abióticas em seis lagoas laterais ao Rio paranapanema - SP." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99434.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:30:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-02-25Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:39:53Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_cv_me_botib.pdf: 1186795 bytes, checksum: 33ce3363a0d8502049345a0c4ff4a50a (MD5)
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a composição taxonômica e a densidade de macroinvertebrados associados à macrófita Eichhornia azurea (Swartz) Kunth em seis lagoas laterais ao Rio Paranapanema em sua zona de desembocadura na Represa de Jurumirim – SP. As amostragens foram realizadas em março e agosto de 2009, supostamente meses de estações chuvosa e seca, respectivamente. Em cada uma das seis lagoas, foram selecionados três bancos distintos de E. azurea para coleta do material biológico (macrófita e fauna associada) e medida das variáveis limnológicas: profundidade, transparência, temperatura, pH, condutividade elétrica e concentrações de oxigênio dissolvido e material em suspensão. A amostragem de E. azurea foi realizada com um retângulo de 0,1976 m2, utilizando-se uma tesoura de jardinagem para retirada do material vegetal, que foi lavado em solução de formol e água para remoção dos macroinvertebrados associados. Entre os períodos estudados diferenças significativas (p<0,05) foram encontradas tanto para as variáveis limnológicas, quanto para a densidade de alguns dos taxa de macroinvertebrados. Na comparação das lagoas entre si em março e agosto, com relação as variáveis limnológicas e densidade dos taxa de macroinvertebrados (em níveis de grandes grupos), o Teste Tukey apontou mais diferenças significativas (p<0,05) para março, embora alguns dos taxa de macroinvertebrados associados à E. azurea não tenha apresentado diferença significativa entre as lagoas em nenhum dos períodos amostrados. De acordo com a análise de componentes principais, o pH e oxigênio dissolvido são as variáveis que melhor explicam a ordenação das lagoas nos períodos de estudo. Com relação à fauna associada, em ambos os períodos a classe Insecta foi a mais abundante (com destaque a família Chironomidae), seguida pelo filo Crustacea e pela classe Clitellata...
The aim of this study was to analyze the taxonomic composition and density of macroinvertebrates associated with macrophyte Eichhornia azurea (Swartz) Kunth in six lagoons to the river side Paranapanema in its mouth zone into the Jurumirim Reservoir - SP. Samples were held in March and August 2009, supposedly months of rainy and dry seasons, respectively. In each of the six lagoons three different stands of E. azurea were selected for collecting biological material (macrophytes and associated fauna) and measurement of limnological variables: depth, transparency, temperature, pH, electric conductivity and concentrations of dissolved oxygen and suspended solids. The sampling of E. azurea was performed with a rectangle of 0,1976 m2, gardening shears was used to remove the plant material, which was washed in a solution of formaldehyde and water to remove associated macroinvertebrates. Between the two periods significant differences (p <0,05) were found for both limnological variables, and for the density of some of the taxa macroinvertebrates. In comparison with each other lagoons in March and August, related limnological variables and density of taxa of macroinvertebrates (levels in large groups), the Tukey test showed more significant differences (p <0,05) in March, although some of taxa of macroinvertebrates associated with E. azurea has not presented significant difference between the lagoons in any period sampled. According to principal components analysis, pH and dissolved oxygen are the variables that best explain the ordering of lagoons during the study periods. With respect to the associated fauna, in both periods the class Insecta was the most abundant (especially the family Chironomidae), followed by phylum Crustacea and the class Clitellata. However, comparing the richness of taxa in the months of sampling, it appears that higher values were recorded in August period... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

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28

Bonar, Scott A. "Efficacy of sterile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) for aquatic plant control in the Pacific Northwest /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5352.

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29

Marwood, Christopher A. "Chlorophyll fluorescence as a mechanistic bioindicator of photosynthetic inhibition in aquatic plants." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0003/NQ43266.pdf.

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30

Reeves, Justin. "Plant Finding Behavior of Phytophagous Insects and Biological Control of Aquatic Plants." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1285168402.

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31

White, Sean D. "Internal pressurisation and convective flow in two species of emergent macrophyte; Typha domingensis and Phragmites australis /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw5877.pdf.

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32

Jackson, Leland J. (Leland Joseph). "Rooted aquatic macrophytes and the cycling of littoral zone metals." Thesis, McGill University, 1992. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=39449.

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The general goal of this thesis was to examine and quantify the role of rooted submerged aquatic macrophytes in the cycling of metals in the littoral zone. An empirical study using data from an extensive literature survey showed that aquatic plants do not differ markedly in element composition from the sediments in which they grow, and that during uptake the plant's roots do not discriminate between elements essential and not essential for growth. The organic content, pH and redox potential of the sediments were shown to affect the bioavailability of metals to the plants. Biomass density was used to categorize species to assess broad patterns in plant-sediment metal relationships. It was found that the presence/absence of an understory contributed variation to the plant-sediment metal relationships. The role of rooted macrophytes as vectors for various elements between the sediments and attached epiphyte was quantified by growing Myriophyllum spicatum in radio-labelled sediments. This species was found to be a link between the sediments and attached epiphytes for the 4 elements studied (Co, Cs, Eu and Mn). Finally, the export of dissolved metals from weedbeds during plant senescence was quantified using a mass balance approach. It was found that approximately 15% to 30% (depending on the metal) of the metal inventory of the plants at maximum seasonal biomass was lost as dissolved compounds during senescence. During the growing season the macrophyte beds were net sources of metals to the lake, but were net sinks annually.

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33

Sandberg, Dustin Cody. "Host Affiliations and Geographic Distributions of Fungal Endophytes Inhabiting Aquatic Plants in Northern Arizona, USA." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/293649.

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Fungal communities of aquatic ecosystems are understudied, leaving major gaps in estimating global fungal biodiversity. In particular, little is known regarding the distinctiveness of (1) aquatic endophytes vs. those in terrestrial plants, and (2) waterborne fungi vs. those inhabiting aquatic plants or sediments. I assessed the diversity, composition, host affiliations, and geographic structure of culturable endophytes associated with aquatic angiosperms in reservoirs in northern Arizona, and their distinctiveness relative to waterborne- and sediment fungi. Endophytes were low in abundance yet extremely diverse. Communities differed significantly in composition among reservoirs and tissues. Aquatic endophytes were largely distinct from those in terrestrial plants, and from those in water and sediment, but did not demonstrate host specificity. This work reveals the uncommon diversity and distinctiveness of endophytes in aquatic plants, and provides a first quantitative estimation of endophytic associations in diverse, ecologically important, and economically relevant aquatic plants.

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34

Larson, Daniel. "Non-indigenous freshwater plants : patterns, processes and risk evaluation /." Uppsala : Dept. of Environmental Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2007. http://epsilon.slu.se/200715.pdf.

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35

Diop, Ousseynou. "Management of invasive aquatic weeds with emphasis on biological control in Senegal." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005414.

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In 1985 the Diama Dam was built near the mouth of the Senegal River to regulate flows during the rainy season and prevent the intrusion of seawater during the dry season. This created ideal conditions upstream of the dam wall for invasion by two highly invasive aquatic weeds, first by water lettuce Pistia stratiotes Linnaeus (Araceae) in 1993, and then by salvinia Salvinia molesta D.S. Mitchell (Salviniaceae) in 1999. This study was focused on the management of P. stratiotes and S. molesta. Following successes that were achieved elsewhere in the world, biological control programmes involving two weevil species were inaugurated against both weeds and research was focused on several aspects. These included pre-release studies to determine the weevils' host-specificity and impact on the plants in the laboratory, their subsequent mass-rearing and releases at selected sites and post-release evaluations on their impact on the weed populations in the field. Both programmes, which reprepresented the first biocontrol efforts against aquatic weeds in Senegal, proved highly successful with severe damage inflicted on the weed populations and complete control achieved within a relatively short time span. A laboratory exclusion experiment with N. affinis on P. stratiotes showed that in treated tubs, the weevil strongly depressed plant performance as measured by the plant growth parameters: mass, rosette diameter, root length, number of leaves and daughter plants whereas control plants were healthy. Field releases started in September 1994 and water coverage by P. stratiotes at Lake Guiers was reduced by 25% in January 1995 and 50% in April 1995. A general decline of 65% in water coverage by P. stratiotes was observed in June 1995 and by August 1995, eight months after releases P. stratiotes mats were destroyed. Further, although no releases were made there, good results were obtained within 18 months at Djoudj Park water bodies, located 150 km NW from Lake Guiers indicating the potential of the weevil to disperse long distances. In 2005, P. stratiotes reappeared and the weevil N. affinis has located and controlled all of these P. stratiotes recurrences after new releases. In 1999, S. molesta covered an estimated area of 18 000 ha on the Senegal River Left Bank and tributaries (Senegal) and 7 840 ha on the Senegal River Right Bank (Mauritania). Military and Civil Development Committee (CCMAD) and community volunteers made an effort to control S. molesta using physical removal, but this costly and labour-intensive approach was unsustainable. Hence, biological control was adopted by Senegal and Mauritania to manage the weed. Host range tests to assess feeding by C. salviniae on S. molesta and non-target plants and carried out on 13 crop species showed that no feeding damage was observed on the latter and weevils only fed on S. molesta. Field releases of some 48 953 weevils at 270 sites were made from early January 2002 to August 2002. Within one year, weevils were established and were being recovered up to 50 km from the release sites. In a case study conducted at one of the release sites, the S. molesta infestation was reduced from 100% to less than 3% 24 months after release. These results are discussed in the context of the weeds’ negative impact on aquatic systems and riverside communities, and in the involvement of these communities in the programmes.

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36

Nachtrieb, Julie Graham. "The impact of invertebrates to four aquatic macrophytes: Potamogeton nodosus, P. illinoensis, Vallisneria americana and Nymphaea mexicana." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9058/.

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This research investigated the impact of invertebrates to four species of native aquatic macrophytes: V. americana, P. nodosus, P. illinoensis, and N. mexicana. Two treatments were utilized on each plant species, an insecticide treatment to remove most invertebrates and a non-treated control. Ten herbivore taxa were collected during the duration of the study including; Synclita, Paraponyx, Donacia, Rhopalosiphum, and Hydrellia. Macrophyte biomass differences between treatments were not measured for V. americana or N. mexicana. The biomasses of P. nodosus and P. illinoensis in non-treated areas were reduced by 40% and 63% respectively. This indicated that herbivory, once thought to be insignificant to aquatic macrophytes, can cause substantial reductions in biomass.

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37

MacÃdo, JoemÃlia ConceiÃÃo AraÃjo. "Distribution of functional groups of aquatic plants in coastal wetlands of northeastern Brazil." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=14346.

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FundaÃÃo Cearense de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Cientifico e TecnolÃgico
As plantas aquÃticas situadas em lagoas costeiras apresentam traÃos funcionais selecionados por condiÃÃes abiÃticas e relacionados Ã histÃria de vida, que lhes permitiram a colonizaÃÃo e estabelecimento nesses ambientes. O presente trabalho testou as seguintes hipÃteses: (1) que as espÃcies possuem um padrÃo homogÃneo de traÃos funcionais, resultando na formaÃÃo de poucos grupos; (2) que as variÃveis limnolÃgicas e pedolÃgicas atuam como filtro que selecionam esses traÃos e interferem na distribuiÃÃo das populaÃÃes na lagoa. Desta forma os traÃos funcionais das espÃcies presentes numa lagoa costeira do nordeste brasileiro foram analisados por meio de uma amostragem por transectos. Amostras de sedimento foram retiradas e analisadas em laboratÃrio. Os parÃmetros limnolÃgicos foram aferidos em campo, assim como a profundidade da lÃmina dâÃgua e a distÃncia de ocorrÃncia das espÃcies em relaÃÃo Ã margem. Os dados biolÃgicos evidenciaram a formaÃÃo de dois grupos funcionais, corroborando a primeira hipÃtese. PorÃm, as variÃveis abiÃticas foram associadas Ã distribuiÃÃo de poucas populaÃÃes, refutando a segunda hipÃtese. Com isso concluÃmos que a comunidade de plantas aquÃticas analisada Ã formada por traÃos semelhantes e os efeitos abiÃticos nÃo sÃo determinantes para formaÃÃo destes grupos.
Aquatic plants located in coastal lagoons have functional traits selected by abiotic conditions and related to the history of life, which allowed them to colonization and establishment in these environments. The present study tested the following hypotheses: (1) that the species have a homogeneous pattern of functional traits, resulting in the formation of a few groups; (2) that the limnological variables and soil act as a filter to select those traits and interfere in the distribution of populations in the pond. Thus the functional traits of the species present in a coastal lagoon in northeastern Brazil were analyzed using a sampling transects. Sediment samples were taken and analyzed in the laboratory. The limnology parameters were measured in the field, as well as the depth of the water depth and the occurrence of species away from the margin. Biological data showed formation of two functional groups, supporting the first hypothesis. But the abiotic variables were associated with the distribution of a few people, refuting the latter. Thus we conclude that the community of aquatic plants analyzed is formed by similar traits and abiotic effects are not decisive for the formation of these groups.

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38

Hall, Charles E. (Charles Edward) Carleton University Dissertation Biology. "The study of photosynthetic energy storage in aquatic plants using photothermal deflection spectroscopy." Ottawa, 1995.

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39

Bucaram, Santiago. "The impact of invasive plants on the recreational value of Florida's aquatic areas." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0021309.

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40

Polomski, Robert Frank. "Nitrogen and phosphorus remediation of aquatic garden plants in laboratory-scale constructed wetlands." Connect to this title online, 2009. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1252937790/.

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41

James, Cassandra Sarah. "Competition between three aquatic macrophytes, Elodea canadensis Michx., Elodea nuttallii (Planch.) H. St. John, and Lagarosiphon major (Ridley) moss." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367132.

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42

Silva, Carolina Vieira. "Composição e abundância da comunidade de macroinvertebrados aquáticos associados à Eichhornia azurea (Swartz) Kunth e suas relações com as variáveis abióticas em seis lagoas laterais ao Rio paranapanema - SP /." Botucatu : [s.n.], 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99434.

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Orientador: Raoul Henry
Banca: Alaíde Aparecida Gessner
Banca: Evanilde Benedito
Resumo: O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a composição taxonômica e a densidade de macroinvertebrados associados à macrófita Eichhornia azurea (Swartz) Kunth em seis lagoas laterais ao Rio Paranapanema em sua zona de desembocadura na Represa de Jurumirim - SP. As amostragens foram realizadas em março e agosto de 2009, supostamente meses de estações chuvosa e seca, respectivamente. Em cada uma das seis lagoas, foram selecionados três bancos distintos de E. azurea para coleta do material biológico (macrófita e fauna associada) e medida das variáveis limnológicas: profundidade, transparência, temperatura, pH, condutividade elétrica e concentrações de oxigênio dissolvido e material em suspensão. A amostragem de E. azurea foi realizada com um retângulo de 0,1976 m2, utilizando-se uma tesoura de jardinagem para retirada do material vegetal, que foi lavado em solução de formol e água para remoção dos macroinvertebrados associados. Entre os períodos estudados diferenças significativas (p<0,05) foram encontradas tanto para as variáveis limnológicas, quanto para a densidade de alguns dos taxa de macroinvertebrados. Na comparação das lagoas entre si em março e agosto, com relação as variáveis limnológicas e densidade dos taxa de macroinvertebrados (em níveis de grandes grupos), o Teste Tukey apontou mais diferenças significativas (p<0,05) para março, embora alguns dos taxa de macroinvertebrados associados à E. azurea não tenha apresentado diferença significativa entre as lagoas em nenhum dos períodos amostrados. De acordo com a análise de componentes principais, o pH e oxigênio dissolvido são as variáveis que melhor explicam a ordenação das lagoas nos períodos de estudo. Com relação à fauna associada, em ambos os períodos a classe Insecta foi a mais abundante (com destaque a família Chironomidae), seguida pelo filo Crustacea e pela classe Clitellata... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The aim of this study was to analyze the taxonomic composition and density of macroinvertebrates associated with macrophyte Eichhornia azurea (Swartz) Kunth in six lagoons to the river side Paranapanema in its mouth zone into the Jurumirim Reservoir - SP. Samples were held in March and August 2009, supposedly months of rainy and dry seasons, respectively. In each of the six lagoons three different stands of E. azurea were selected for collecting biological material (macrophytes and associated fauna) and measurement of limnological variables: depth, transparency, temperature, pH, electric conductivity and concentrations of dissolved oxygen and suspended solids. The sampling of E. azurea was performed with a rectangle of 0,1976 m2, gardening shears was used to remove the plant material, which was washed in a solution of formaldehyde and water to remove associated macroinvertebrates. Between the two periods significant differences (p <0,05) were found for both limnological variables, and for the density of some of the taxa macroinvertebrates. In comparison with each other lagoons in March and August, related limnological variables and density of taxa of macroinvertebrates (levels in large groups), the Tukey test showed more significant differences (p <0,05) in March, although some of taxa of macroinvertebrates associated with E. azurea has not presented significant difference between the lagoons in any period sampled. According to principal components analysis, pH and dissolved oxygen are the variables that best explain the ordering of lagoons during the study periods. With respect to the associated fauna, in both periods the class Insecta was the most abundant (especially the family Chironomidae), followed by phylum Crustacea and the class Clitellata. However, comparing the richness of taxa in the months of sampling, it appears that higher values were recorded in August period... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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43

Baker, Jeffery K. Terhune Jeffery S. "The effects of strobe light and sound behavioral deterrent systems on impingement of aquatic organisms at Plant Barry, Alabama." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/FALL/Fisheries_and_Allied_Aquacultures/Thesis/Baker_Jeffery_24.pdf.

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44

Clark, L. J., and R. E. Cluff. "Feed Wheat Variety Demonstration in Graham County, 1989." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/201013.

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Two wheat varieties were grown in Graham county as a follow -up to a previous field demonstration. AC79-97, a red wheat developed by the University of Arizona for the Safford area, yielded 6719 pounds per acre, compared with 6359 pounds per acre for Super-X. The protein differential made the crop values even more important than the yield comparison. AC79-97 produced $454 per acre, compared to $423 for Super-X. Using two year's data, AC79-97 produced 85 more pounds of protein per acre than Super-X, with a protein supplement replacement value of $28 per acre.

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45

Bateman, Mark J. "The uptake of heavy metals by aquatic macrophytes and the development of microsampling analytical techniques." Thesis, Coventry University, 1999. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/82ba9974-f8fc-6290-40a7-3a64e63ff8a6/1.

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This thesis reviews literature relating both to the treatment of metal rich wastewaters by the use of constructed wetlands and the use of slurry analytical procedures for the determination of heavy metals in environmental micro-samples. A survey of metal contaminated wetland sites showed that aquatic plants maintain low levels of metals in aerial parts despite some very elevated sediment metal concentrations and extreme acidity. A series of greenhouse trials investigated the uptake of metals into aerial sections of Typha, Phragmites and Equisetum in long term hydroponic experiments. Phragmites was shown to accumulate zinc to a higher level than Typha. The toxicity of zinc supplied in the nutrient solution at 5 mg.dm-3 over long periods was found to limit the viability of such non-sediment based systems. A reliable routine analytical procedure was developed along with a program of quality control for the study of metal uptake into aquatic plants. A micro sampling technique, eminently suited for the analysis of small plant sections was developed. This technique uses ozone to ash the plant samples at a low temperature and following suspension in a liquid medium provides a sample ready for slurry determinations by a variety of analytical instrumentation. It is proposed that this method may also be suitable for the determination of metals in individual invertebrates and other zoological micro-samples as well as potential applications in the medical field.

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46

Crossley, Mark Norman. "The effects of water flow, pH and nutrition on the growth of the native aquatic plant, Aponogeton elongatus /." [St. Lucia, Qld. : s.n.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17481.pdf.

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47

Harms, Nathan Earl. "Comparison of Heteranthera Dubia (Jacq.) MacM.-associated Macroinvertebrates Between Georgraphical Regions in the United States." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc28427/.

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Macroinvertebrates associated with the aquatic plant, water stargrass (Heteranthera dubia), were sampled from 12 waterbodies in four regions of the United States from June to August 2005. Taxa richness, evenness, and diversity were lowest in the Lower Midwest (LMW) region, and higher in Northern sites, especially the Upper Midwest (UMW), and Northeast (NE). While relative abundance varied from site to site and region to region, utilization of the plant by functional groups remained fairly constant. Collector-gatherers consistently comprised the largest portion of invertebrates sampled. The shredder/ herbivore functional group comprised an average of 17 % of total groups. Through an exhaustive literature review, it was found that shredder/ herbivores of water stargrass have not been reported in the literature. Because of this, the herbivore group was analyzed separately and consisted of 2,383 specimens representing 23 species. The most common groups were Rhopalosiphum sp., Nectopsyche spp. and chironomids. No differences were found in herbivore diversity or evenness between sampling regions, but species richness was significantly different.

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48

Filbrun, Jesse Everett. "An Ecological Approach to Feed Management in Fish Rearing Ponds." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366038927.

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49

Knowles, Tim C., Newt Wright, and Chip Sherrill. "Growth Characteristics, Hay Yield, and Feed Quality of Kenaf Grown in Mohave Valley." College of Agriculture, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/205164.

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Kenaf was grown as a hay crop in Mohave Valley to determine its growth characteristics, hay yield, and feed quality. The first cutting occurred 75 days after planting when plants were approximately 30 inches tall and had 30 nodes. Hay tonnage was only 1,000 lbs dry matter/acre, crude protein was 20.7 %, ADF was 40.2 %, and TDN was 57.5 %. Forage quality was adequate for beef cattle and sheep.

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50

Carvalho, Renato FraÌ„guas De. "The behaviour of pesticides in sediment/water systems and their uptake by aquatic plants." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.411552.

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