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Journal articles on the topic 'Aqueous Phase Reforming'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 June 2025

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1

Bludowsky, T., J. Pfaff, and D. W. Agar. "Selektivitätsuntersuchungen beim Hochdruck-Aqueous-Phase-Reforming." Chemie Ingenieur Technik 82, no. 9 (2010): 1330–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.201050199.

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2

Valenzuela, Mariefel B., Christopher W. Jones, and Pradeep K. Agrawal. "Batch Aqueous-Phase Reforming of Woody Biomass." Energy & Fuels 20, no. 4 (2006): 1744–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef060113p.

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3

Remón, J., L. García, and J. Arauzo. "Cheese whey management by catalytic steam reforming and aqueous phase reforming." Fuel Processing Technology 154 (December 2016): 66–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2016.08.012.

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4

Nadzru, Najwa Afaf, Ain Syuhada, Mohammad Tazli Azizan, and Mariam Ameen. "Thermodynamic Analysis of Aqueous Phase Reforming of Sorbitol." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 17, no. 2 (2020): 1004–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2020.8757.

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The objectives of this study were to investigate the most thermodynamically favoured reaction pathway during APR of sorbitol. The thermodynamic analysis of APR of sorbitol was studied using ASPEN Plus V8.0 by applying Gibbs free energy minimization principle, operating at different temperatures (300–800 K), pressure (10–30 bar) and sorbitol concentration (1%, 3%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%). The simulation model was validated by comparing the results with the existing work conducted by Serentis and Tsiakaras. The results obtained show that the mol fraction and trend of H2, CO2 and CH4 for both cases are almost similar to the existing work. Therefore the simulation model was validated. Five main reaction pathways of APR of sorbitol were identified and intermediates of each reaction pathway were defined according to their stages and their composition was analyzed. The result obtained show that the decarbonylation reaction (pathway 2) is the most thermodynamically favoured pathway with a total dry basis percentage of 21%.

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5

Godina, Lidia I., Hans Heeres, Sonia Garcia, Steve Bennett, Stephen Poulston, and Dmitry Yu Murzin. "Hydrogen production from sucrose via aqueous-phase reforming." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 44, no. 29 (2019): 14605–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.04.123.

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6

Yun, Yang Sik, Dae Sung Park, and Jongheop Yi. "Effect of nickel on catalytic behaviour of bimetallic Cu–Ni catalyst supported on mesoporous alumina for the hydrogenolysis of glycerol to 1,2-propanediol." Catal. Sci. Technol. 4, no. 9 (2014): 3191–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cy00320a.

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7

Boga, Dilek A., Fang Liu, Pieter C. A. Bruijnincx, and Bert M. Weckhuysen. "Aqueous-phase reforming of crude glycerol: effect of impurities on hydrogen production." Catalysis Science & Technology 6, no. 1 (2016): 134–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cy01711k.

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8

Xie, Tianjun, Cameron J. Bodenschatz, and Rachel B. Getman. "Insights into the roles of water on the aqueous phase reforming of glycerol." Reaction Chemistry & Engineering 4, no. 2 (2019): 383–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8re00267c.

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9

Zhang, Jianguang, and Ningge Xu. "Hydrogen Production from Ethylene Glycol Aqueous Phase Reforming over Ni–Al Layered Hydrotalcite-Derived Catalysts." Catalysts 10, no. 1 (2020): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10010054.

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By introducing Mg, Cu, Zn, Sn, and Mn into the synthesis processes of Ni and Al based hydrotalcite, Ni–Al layered hydrotalcite-derived catalysts with different metal compositions were prepared. In this paper, the effect of metal composition on the structure of Ni–Al layered hydrotalcite-derived catalysts is investigated, and then catalytic activities of prepared catalysts with different metal compositions on ethylene glycol aqueous-phase reforming are analyzed. The physicochemical properties of the Ni–Al layered hydrotalcite-derived catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), and nitrogen adsorption–desorption technology. The obtained hydrotalcite-derived catalysts were applied to the process of ethylene glycol aqueous-phase reforming (APR). The XRD results confirmed that the precursors of hydrotalcite-derived catalysts with metal compositions of Ni/Mg/Al, Ni/Cu/Al, Ni/Zn/Al, and Ni/Sn/Al had hydrotalcite crystalloid morphology. During the process of ethylene glycol aqueous phase reforming, all the catalysts showed high conversion of ethylene glycol (>90%), and the optimum hydrogen yield (73.5%) was obtained when using the catalyst with metal composition of Ni/Mg/Al at 225 °C under 2.6 MPa in nitrogen atmosphere for 2.5 h.

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10

Arandia, Aitor, Irene Coronado, Aingeru Remiro, Ana G. Gayubo, and Matti Reinikainen. "Aqueous-phase reforming of bio-oil aqueous fraction over nickel-based catalysts." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 44, no. 26 (2019): 13157–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.04.007.

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11

Faheem, Muhammad, Mohammad Saleheen, Jianmin Lu, and Andreas Heyden. "Ethylene glycol reforming on Pt(111): first-principles microkinetic modeling in vapor and aqueous phases." Catalysis Science & Technology 6, no. 23 (2016): 8242–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cy02111e.

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12

Alvear, Matias, Atte Aho, Irina L. Simakova, Henrik Grénman, Tapio Salmi, and Dmitry Yu Murzin. "Aqueous phase reforming of xylitol and xylose in the presence of formic acid." Catalysis Science & Technology 10, no. 15 (2020): 5245–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cy00811g.

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13

Aho, Atte, Matias Alvear, Juha Ahola, et al. "Aqueous phase reforming of birch and pine hemicellulose hydrolysates." Bioresource Technology 348 (March 2022): 126809. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126809.

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14

Faria, Daniella, Adriana Oliveira, José A. Baeza, et al. "Sewage treatment using Aqueous Phase Reforming for reuse purpose." Journal of Water Process Engineering 37 (October 2020): 101413. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jwpe.2020.101413.

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15

WEN, G., Y. XU, H. MA, Z. XU, and Z. TIAN. "Production of hydrogen by aqueous-phase reforming of glycerol." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 33, no. 22 (2008): 6657–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2008.07.072.

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16

Özgür, Derya Öncel, and Bekir Zühtü Uysal. "Hydrogen production by aqueous phase catalytic reforming of glycerine." Biomass and Bioenergy 35, no. 2 (2011): 822–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.11.012.

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17

Vaidya, Prakash D., and Jose A. Lopez-Sanchez. "Review of Hydrogen Production by Catalytic Aqueous-Phase Reforming." ChemistrySelect 2, no. 22 (2017): 6563–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/slct.201700905.

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18

Xie, Ling, Zilong Huang, Yapeng Zhan, et al. "Efficient Hydrogen Production by Aqueous Phase Reforming of Ethylene Glycol over Ni-W Catalysts with Enhanced C-C Bond Cleavage Activity." Catalysts 15, no. 3 (2025): 258. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal15030258.

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Cleavage of C-C bonds is crucial for hydrogen production via aqueous phase reforming of biomass-derived oxygenates. In this study, the hydrogen production performance and C-C bond cleavage capacity of Ni-W/AC catalysts with varying W/Ni ratios are evaluated using ethylene glycol as a model compound. A series of APR experiments conducted suggests that Ni-0.2W/AC catalyst exhibits the highest C1/C2+ ratio of 15.87 and achieves a hydrogen yield of 47.76%. The enhanced Ni-W bimetallic interactions, which significantly improve the efficiency of C-C bond cleavage and increase catalyst activity by promoting active site dispersion, are confirmed by detailed characterization techniques. Further analysis of product distribution provides insights into the reaction pathways of ethylene glycol and the reaction mechanism for ethanol during aqueous phase reforming. All the results indicate that this catalytic reforming method effectively facilitates C-C bond cleavage and hydrogen production, contributing to a better understanding of APR mechanisms for biomass-derived oxygenates.

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19

Oliveira, A. S., J. A. Baeza, L. Calvo, et al. "Exploration of the treatment of fish-canning industry effluents by aqueous-phase reforming using Pt/C catalysts." Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology 4, no. 12 (2018): 1979–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ew00414e.

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20

Ordomsky, V. V., and A. Y. Khodakov. "Mastering a biphasic single-reactor process for direct conversion of glycerol into liquid hydrocarbon fuels." Green Chem. 16, no. 4 (2014): 2128–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3gc42319k.

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21

Neira D’Angelo, M. F., J. C. Schouten, J. van der Schaaf, and T. A. Nijhuis. "Three-Phase Reactor Model for the Aqueous Phase Reforming of Ethylene Glycol." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 53, no. 36 (2014): 13892–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie5007382.

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22

Rahman, M. M., Tamara L. Church, Meherzad F. Variava, Andrew T. Harris, and Andrew I. Minett. "Bimetallic Pt–Ni composites on ceria-doped alumina supports as catalysts in the aqueous-phase reforming of glycerol." RSC Adv. 4, no. 36 (2014): 18951–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra00355a.

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23

Md Radzi, Mohamad Razlan, M. Devendran Manogaran, Mohd Hizami Mohd Yusoff, et al. "Production of Propanediols through In Situ Glycerol Hydrogenolysis via Aqueous Phase Reforming: A Review." Catalysts 12, no. 9 (2022): 945. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12090945.

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Production of 1,2-propanediol and 1,3-propanediol are identified as methods to reduce glycerol oversupply. Hence, glycerol hydrogenolysis is identified as a thermochemical conversion substitute; however, it requires an expensive, high-pressure pure hydrogen supply. Studies have been performed on other potential thermochemical conversion processes whereby aqueous phase reforming has been identified as an excellent substitute for the conversion process due to its low temperature requirement and high H2 yields, factors which permit the process of in-situ glycerol hydrogenolysis which requires no external H2 supply. Hence, this manuscript emphasizes delving into the possibilities of this concept to produce 1,2-propanediol and 1,3-propanediol without “breaking the bank” with expenses. Various heterogenous catalysts of aqueous phase reforming (APR) and glycerol hydrogenolysis were identified, whereby the combination of a noble metal, support, and dopant with a good amount of Brønsted acid sites are identified as the key factors to ensure a high yield of 1,3-propanediol. However, for 1,2-propanediol, a Cu-based catalyst with decent basic support is observed to be the key for good yield and selectivity of product. The findings have shown that it is possible to produce high yields of both 1,2-propanediol and 1,3-propanediol via aqueous phase reforming, specifically 1,2-propanediol, for which some of the findings achieve better selectivity compared to direct glycerol hydrogenolysis to 1,2-propanediol. This is not the case for 1,3-propanediol, for which further studies need to be conducted to evaluate its feasibility.

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24

Pipitone, Giuseppe, Giulia Zoppi, Raffaele Pirone, and Samir Bensaid. "A critical review on catalyst design for aqueous phase reforming." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 47, no. 1 (2022): 151–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.09.206.

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25

Kirilin, Alexey, Johan Wärnå, Anton Tokarev, and Dmitry Yu Murzin. "Kinetic Modeling of Sorbitol Aqueous-Phase Reforming over Pt/Al2O3." Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research 53, no. 12 (2014): 4580–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie403813y.

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26

Tungal, Richa, and Rajesh Shende. "Subcritical Aqueous Phase Reforming of Wastepaper for Biocrude and H2Generation." Energy & Fuels 27, no. 6 (2013): 3194–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ef302171q.

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27

Mukarakate, Calvin, Robert J. Evans, Steve Deutch, et al. "Reforming Biomass Derived Pyrolysis Bio-oil Aqueous Phase to Fuels." Energy & Fuels 31, no. 2 (2017): 1600–1607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.6b02463.

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28

Aiouache, Farid, Lisa McAleer, Quan Gan, Ala’a H. Al-Muhtaseb, and Mohammad N. Ahmad. "Path lumping kinetic model for aqueous phase reforming of sorbitol." Applied Catalysis A: General 466 (September 2013): 240–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcata.2013.06.039.

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29

Rahman, M. M. "Aqueous-Phase Reforming of Glycerol over Carbon-Nanotube-Supported Catalysts." Catalysis Letters 150, no. 9 (2020): 2674–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10562-020-03167-2.

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30

Soták, Tomáš, Milan Hronec, Ivo Vávra, and Edmund Dobročka. "Sputtering processed tungsten catalysts for aqueous phase reforming of cellulose." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 41, no. 47 (2016): 21936–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.08.183.

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31

Callison, J., N. D. Subramanian, S. M. Rogers, et al. "Directed aqueous-phase reforming of glycerol through tailored platinum nanoparticles." Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 238 (December 2018): 618–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2018.07.008.

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32

Reynoso, A. J., J. L. Ayastuy, U. Iriarte-Velasco, and M. A. Gutiérrez-Ortiz. "Cobalt aluminate spinel-derived catalysts for glycerol aqueous phase reforming." Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 239 (December 2018): 86–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2018.08.001.

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33

Kim, Ji Yeon, Seong Hak Kim, Dong Ju Moon, Jong Ho Kim, Nam Cook Park, and Young Chul Kim. "Aqueous Phase Reforming of Glycerol Over Nanosize Cu–Ni Catalysts." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 13, no. 1 (2013): 593–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2013.6954.

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34

Huber, George W., Randy D. Cortright, and James A. Dumesic. "Renewable Alkanes by Aqueous-Phase Reforming of Biomass-Derived Oxygenates." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 43, no. 12 (2004): 1549–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.200353050.

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35

Etzold, B. J. M., B. Hasse, A. V. Kirilin, A. V. Tokarev, and D. Y. Murzin. "Karbidabgeleiteter Kohlenstoff als Katalysatorträger im Aqueous-Phase Reforming von Xylitol." Chemie Ingenieur Technik 84, no. 8 (2012): 1241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.201250257.

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36

Huber, George W., Randy D. Cortright, and James A. Dumesic. "Renewable Alkanes by Aqueous-Phase Reforming of Biomass-Derived Oxygenates." Angewandte Chemie 116, no. 12 (2004): 1575–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ange.200353050.

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37

Esteve-Adell, Iván, Bertrand Crapart, Ana Primo, Philippe Serp, and Hermenegildo Garcia. "Aqueous phase reforming of glycerol using doped graphenes as metal-free catalysts." Green Chemistry 19, no. 13 (2017): 3061–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7gc01058c.

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Boron-doped graphene obtained by pyrolysis at 900 °C of the boric acid ester of alginate was found to be the most active graphene among a series of doped and co-doped graphenes to promote the aqueous phase reforming of glycerol at 250 °C.

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38

García, Lucía, Ana Valiente, Miriam Oliva, Joaquín Ruiz, and Jesús Arauzo. "Influence of operating variables on the aqueous-phase reforming of glycerol over a Ni/Al coprecipitated catalyst." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 43 (October 11, 2018): 20392–407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2018.09.119.

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A systematic study focused on the aqueous-phase reforming of glycerol has been carried out in order to analyze the influence of several operating variables (system pressure, reaction temperature, glycerol content in feed, liquid feeding rate and catalyst weight/glycerol flow rate ratio) on the gas and liquid products. A continuous flow bench scale installation and a Ni/Al coprecipitated catalyst were employed. The system pressure was varied from 28 to 40 absolute bar, the reaction temperature was analyzed from 495 to 510 K, the glycerol content in the feed was studied from 2 to 10 wt%, the liquid feeding rate was changed from 0.5 to 3.0 mL/min and the catalyst weight/glycerol flow rate ratio varied from 10 to 40 g catalyst min/g glycerol. The main gas products obtained were H2, CO2 and CH4, while the main liquid products were 1,2-propanediol, ethylene glycol, acetol and ethanol. A W/mglycerol ratio of 40 g catalyst min/g glycerol, 34 bar, 500 K, 5 wt% glycerol and 1 mL/min, resulted in a high yield to H2 (6.8%), the highest yield to alkanes (10.7%), the highest 1,2- propanediol yield (0.20 g/g glycerol) and the highest ethylene glycol yield (0.11 g/g glycerol). The highest acetol yield (0.06 g/g glycerol) was obtained at 34 bar, 500 K, 5 wt% glycerol, 20 g catalyst min/g glycerol and 3 mL/min.

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39

Sousa, José, Paranjeet Lakhtaria, Paulo Ribeirinha, Werneri Huhtinen, Johan Tallgren, and Adélio Mendes. "Kinetic Characterization of Pt/Al2O3 Catalyst for Hydrogen Production via Methanol Aqueous-Phase Reforming." Catalysts 14, no. 10 (2024): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal14100741.

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Compared to steam reforming, methanol aqueous-phase reforming (APR) converts methanol to hydrogen and carbon dioxide at lower temperatures, but also displays lower conversion rates. Herein, methanol APR is studied over the active Pt/Al2O3 catalyst under different operating conditions. Studies were conducted at different temperatures, pressures, methanol mass fractions, and residence times. APR performance was evaluated in terms of methanol conversion, hydrogen production rate, hydrogen selectivity, and by-product formation. The results revealed that an increase in operating pressure and methanol mass fraction had an adverse effect on the APR performance. Conversely, it was found that hydrogen selectivity was unaffected by the operating pressure and residence time for the methanol feed mass fraction of 5%. For the methanol feed mass fraction of 55%, hydrogen selectivity was improved by operating pressure and residence time. The alumina support phase change to boehmite as well as sintering and leaching of the catalytic particles were observed during catalyst stability experiments. Additionally, a comparison between methanol steam reforming (MSR) and APR was also performed.

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40

Mauriello, Francesco, Alessandro Vinci, Claudia Espro, Bianca Gumina, Maria Grazia Musolino, and Rosario Pietropaolo. "Hydrogenolysis vs. aqueous phase reforming (APR) of glycerol promoted by a heterogeneous Pd/Fe catalyst." Catalysis Science & Technology 5, no. 9 (2015): 4466–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cy00656b.

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The hydrogenolysis and the aqueous phase reforming of glycerol have been investigated using Pd/Fe as the catalyst. At 180 °C, the C–O bond is preferentially cleaved while C–C bond breaking is favoured at higher reaction temperatures.

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41

Lakhtaria, Paranjeet, Paulo Ribeirinha, Werneri Huhtinen, Saara Viik, José Sousa, and Adélio Mendes. "Hydrogen production via aqueous-phase reforming for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells - a review." Open Research Europe 1 (March 23, 2022): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.13812.3.

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Aqueous-phase reforming (APR) can convert methanol and other oxygenated hydrocarbons to hydrogen and carbon dioxide at lower temperatures when compared with the corresponding gas phase process. APR favours the water-gas shift (WGS) reaction and inhibits alkane formation; moreover, it is a simpler and more energy efficient process compared to gas-phase steam reforming. For example, Pt-based catalysts supported on alumina are typically selected for methanol APR, due to their high activity at temperatures of circa 200°C. However, non-noble catalysts such as nickel (Ni) supported on metal-oxides or zeolites are being investigated with promising results in terms of catalytic activity and stability. The development of APR kinetic models and reactor designs is also being addressed to make APR a more attractive process for producing in situ hydrogen. This can also lead to the possibility of APR integration with high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells. The integration can result into increased overall system efficiency and avoiding critical issues faced in the state-of-the-art fuel cells integrated with methanol steam reforming.

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42

Chen, Guanyi, Ningge Xu, Xiangping Li, Qingling Liu, Huijun Yang, and Wanqing Li. "Hydrogen production by aqueous-phase reforming of ethylene glycol over a Ni/Zn/Al derived hydrotalcite catalyst." RSC Advances 5, no. 74 (2015): 60128–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra07184d.

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The article presented the aqueous-phase reforming of ethylene glycol over Ni/Zn/Al hydrotalcite. The results showed that the H<sub>2</sub> yield and selectivity were 73% and 96%, respectively. The conversion of ethylene glycol was >99%.

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43

Jeon, Seongho, Hyungwon Ham, Young-Woong Suh, and Jong Wook Bae. "Aqueous phase reforming of ethylene glycol on Pt/CeO2–ZrO2: effects of cerium to zirconium molar ratio." RSC Advances 5, no. 68 (2015): 54806–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra07124k.

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The superior activity of aqueous-phase reforming of ethylene glycol on optimal Pt/CeO<sub>2</sub>–ZrO<sub>2</sub> was attributed to the strongly interacting platinum species on the oxygen vacancy defect sites of the support, forming thermally-stable platinum crystallites.

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44

Lakhtaria, Paranjeet, Paulo Ribeirinha, Werneri Huhtinen, Saara Viik, José Sousa, and Adélio Mendes. "Hydrogen production via aqueous-phase reforming for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells - a review." Open Research Europe 1 (September 29, 2021): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.13812.2.

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Aqueous-phase reforming (APR) can convert methanol and other oxygenated hydrocarbons to hydrogen and carbon dioxide at lower temperatures when compared with the corresponding gas phase process. APR favours the water-gas shift (WGS) reaction and inhibits alkane formation; moreover, it is a simpler and more energy efficient process compared to gas-phase steam reforming. For example, Pt-based catalysts supported on alumina are typically selected for methanol APR, due to their high activity at temperatures of circa 200°C. However, non-noble catalysts such as nickel (Ni) supported on metal-oxides or zeolites are being investigated with promising results in terms of catalytic activity and stability. The development of APR kinetic models and reactor designs is also being addressed to make APR a more attractive process for producing in situ hydrogen.

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45

Lakhtaria, Paranjeet, Paulo Ribeirinha, Werneri Huhtinen, Saara Viik, José Sousa, and Adélio Mendes. "Hydrogen production via aqueous-phase reforming for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells - a review." Open Research Europe 1 (July 20, 2021): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/openreseurope.13812.1.

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Aqueous-phase reforming (APR) can convert methanol and other oxygenated hydrocarbons to hydrogen and carbon dioxide at lower temperatures when compared with the corresponding gas phase process. APR favours the water-gas shift (WGS) reaction and inhibits alkane formation; moreover, it is a simpler and more energy efficient process compared to gas-phase steam reforming. For example, Pt-based catalysts supported on alumina are typically selected for methanol APR, due to their high activity at temperatures of circa 200°C. However, non-noble catalysts such as nickel (Ni) supported on metal-oxides or zeolites are being investigated with promising results in terms of catalytic activity and stability. The development of APR kinetic models and reactor designs is also being addressed to make APR a more attractive process for producing in situ hydrogen.

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46

Oliveira, A. S., T. Cordero-Lanzac, J. A. Baeza, L. Calvo, J. J. Rodriguez, and M. A. Gilarranz. "Continuous aqueous phase reforming of wastewater streams: A catalyst deactivation study." Fuel 305 (December 2021): 121506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.121506.

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47

Xiong, Haifeng, Andrew DeLaRiva, Yong Wang, and Abhaya K. Datye. "Low-temperature aqueous-phase reforming of ethanol on bimetallic PdZn catalysts." Catalysis Science & Technology 5, no. 1 (2015): 254–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cy00914b.

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48

Pérez, Rodolfo Salazar, Mariana M. V. M. Souza, Neyda C. Om Tapanes, Gisel Chenard Diaz, and Donato A. G. Aranda. "Production of Hydrogen from Aqueous Phase Reforming of Glycerol: Economic Evaluation." Engineering 06, no. 01 (2014): 12–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/eng.2014.61003.

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49

Davda, R. R., J. W. Shabaker, G. W. Huber, R. D. Cortright, and J. A. Dumesic. "Aqueous-phase reforming of ethylene glycol on silica-supported metal catalysts." Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 43, no. 1 (2003): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0926-3373(02)00277-1.

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50

Godina, Lidia I., Alexey V. Kirilin, Anton V. Tokarev, and Dmitry Yu Murzin. "Aqueous Phase Reforming of Industrially Relevant Sugar Alcohols with Different Chiralities." ACS Catalysis 5, no. 5 (2015): 2989–3005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cs501894e.

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