Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Arabe (langue) – Possessifs (linguistique)'
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Al, Zahre Nisrine. "La structure du groupe verbal en arabe : trois arguments empiriques en faveur d'une vision syntaxique de la structure argumentale." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082389.
Full textThis dissertation investigates three empirical phenomena in Arabic: the so called 'possessive' datives, cognate objects and the tenth bynyan; It is shown that these three phenomena --which share the property of being non arguments of the verbal predicate despite the fact that they behave syntactically and morphologically as if they were -- require 'splitting' the VP domain into a vriety of functional projections --vP, NumP-- and more primitive lexical predicates (heads). The 'hybrid' behaviour of these entities can be explained if one adopts the view that the constituents merged inside VP need not be purely thematic. The 'splitting' of the VP suggested here allows for a more systematic analysis of the various bynians of Arabic
Kotob, Hayssam. "Étude comparée de l'emprunt en arabe libanais et en arabe littéral." Besançon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BESA1030.
Full textMikaelian, Irina. "La Possession en russe moderne : éléments pour la construction d'une catégorie sémantico-syntaxique." Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX10035.
Full textHarroum, Bechir. "Relations anaphoriques en arabe et en français." Paris 7, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA070032.
Full textThis study based on the generative grammar theory made possible the investigation of several syntactic facts : the first chapter analyses the most debated question in standard modern arabic. I consider that the order vso, chosen by arab grammairiens, does not explain sevral syntactic phenomena (no total agreement between grammatical features of the subject and those of the verb etc. ). These facts could have an adequate solution if the basic order svo is chosen. The second chapter debates interrogative expressions : transformational and not transformational. The third chapter examines the reflexive constructions. Arabic language offers two types of structures : with the lexical reflexive and the affixe reflexive. The forth chapter debates the anaphoric relations. I proposed to analyse locative prepositions as operators. His argument (subject) is without phonetic form (=pro) controled either by the subject or by the object of the principal sentence. The fifth chapter is allowed to passive constructions. Two approches are discussed : 1) non paradigmatic one (in opposition with traditional analysis), 2) non transformational
Bouylmani, Ahmadou. "Temps et aspect en arabe et en anglais." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040074.
Full textIt is a study contrasting two temporal and aspectual systems of arabic and english languages. The study in question is divided into two parts: the first delimits the linguistic objects of study (arabic and english languages); provides the necessary justification for the choice of the subject and the theoritical frame appropriate to the study. It also gives a historical glimpse about tense and aspect and their definitions. It finally defines the methodological instruments adapted to the analysis. The second shows us the affinity that exists between modality, aktionsart, voice, determination, personal pronouns and performative verbs. . . ,and how we cannot study one without the other. It deals by the same occasion with the two levels of enonciation (discourse narration), which are considered like a general frame where all the temporal and aspectual values such as actual present, remote present, present perfect and remote perfect are characterized. Our reflexion on the problem of tense and aspect in arabic and in english is keeping with the general pattern of the theoritical perspective of enonciation such as it was developped by culioli a. And his group of research. It is essentially based on an approach elaborated by descles j-p (a disciple of this linguistic trend)for the notion of aspect in french language
Hafidi, Mohamed. "Structure syntaxique et semantique de la phrase complexe en arabe litteraire contemporain. (topicalisee, completive et relative)." Paris 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA030088.
Full textThis research is devoted to the analysis of two major topics. First, the relationship between form and content (syntax and semantic). Second, the analysis of certain aspects of the complex sentence in contemporary literary arabic. The first point, however constitutes the general body in which this study is treated. In fact, the principal question risen here is as follows : is the linguistic analysis, exclusively based on the form -regard less to the content- rigorous and exhaustive for the study of a given language? the answer this study presents is a negative one. However, the study of certain linguistic theories such as the generative grammar and the structural syntax (in the first part), and the analysis of concrete structure of language, arabic in this case (in the second, third and fourth parts), such a study shows us that the formal ana- lyses are too far to illuminate the problems that the analysis of the structure of a language rises. Departing from the formalist studies of g. Ayoub, "la structure de la phrase verbale en arabe standard" and a. Fassi fihri, "la linguistique arabe, form et interpretation", it seems that a formal analysis does not exhaust all the problems of the structures of arabic lan- guage suggest, such as the topic structure, the completing structure and the relative structure. Some formal hypothesises like "topic" and "complementzer phrase". . . Remain non convincing. Therefore we think that an analysis not separating form and content is as adequate as necessary. Hence, the implicit postulate "functional structure" is the most pertinent level for the study of a language as well as for the analysis of the relationship between the syntax and the semantic
Larcher, Pierre. "Essais de linguistique arabe (poétique, histoire de la linguistique, lexicologie, grammaire, critique)." Paris 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA03A004.
Full textShafter, Mukhtar. "Les tournures possessives en arabe dialectal tripolitain." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212768.
Full textSaada, Mahmoud. "La traduction en arabe des déterminants français : étude contrastive." Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014INAL0020/document.
Full textArabic language is morphologically poorer in determiners than French. This could pose some translation problems. The objective of this work is thus to help translators and those who are involved in teaching/learning translation to overcome these difficulties. Based on a corpus made of a French text and its translation into Arabic, this contrastive study compares the determination systems of French and Arabic. It studies French determiners and their equivalents in Arabic, comments them and formulates generalities. In conclusion, it emphasizes the importance of complete and incomplete actualization in the translation of the French article. It plays a key role in translating noun phrase (article + noun). If the article is definite for instance, that does not necessarily mean that we should translate in Arabic by a definite noun. This research presents also a number of equivalents in Arabic of French indefinite determiners. Finally, it opens many perspectives for future research: actualization, definites, indefinites and other
Omar, Hameed. "Expressions figées en français et en arabe : étude linguistique comparée." Besançon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BESA1002.
Full textAmong the main components of the language which one must acquire to express oneself, in addition to the (single, compound or derived) words, one can find blocs of fixed words with non predictable meaning, commonly known as frozen expressions. To account for the facts of language in connection with frozenness, contemporary linguistics gives particular importance to two fundamental approaches (sometimes in a complementary way). The first is founded on semantic considerations and the second on syntactic ones. Alternatively, the principal objective of this work is to combine the two approaches, while it will further illustrate the idea that frozenness, at the same time, is also a matter of semantic and syntactic aspects. Thus, we will study the semantic and syntactic (transformational, distributional) properties of frozen expressions related to human body, in French and in Arabic. Yet, it will argue that in spite of the universality of the phenomenon of frozenness, each language has its own mechanisms of frozenness and that their nature and their degree vary from one language to another
Lakrache, Fatima Zohra. "Les déterminants en arabe moderne et en allemand contemporain." Paris 4, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA040391.
Full textMoujib, Ilham. "Les pluriels brisés issus des quinquilitères et des sextilitères en arabe et l'association directionnelle." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA081117.
Full textThe starting point of my study is the left-to-right association theory of mccathy (1979). According to him, the quadriliteral plurals derived from quinquiliteral singulars, offer crucial arguments for left-to-right association theory. The analysis of over 240 nouns shows that this theory is empirically refuted. I have brought to evidence that formation of quinquiliteral and sextiliteral broken plurals involve a lot of rules. Then, i led an enquiry among educated arabic speakers. The results proved that the derivation of arabic broken plurals is vey different from mccarthy's theory. These results have also allowed us to establish that contemporary speakers are unable to derive correct broken plurals, even if they only erase the last segment. Finally i suggest a new analysis according to which arabic broken plurals are derived from quadriliteral bases
Chekayri, Abdellah. "La structure des racines en arabe." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA080902.
Full textThe thesis presented here inquires about the structure of arabie roots with respect to phonology, morphology and semantics. The first volume contains an introduction followed by six chapters. The first chapter presents the theoretical framework the thesis is based on : plurilnear phonology. Association conventions are discussed in the second chapter. We opt "free association" driven by principles and parameters. The third chapter is concerned with the verbal patterns and vocalic variation in arabic. Therein, we show that the vowel following c2 is to be seen as constituting an entity with the root. That entity will named "radical". It is the basic of any derived form. The forth chapter discusses the reduplication phenomenon and proposes an alternative accounting for any reduplicated form in arabic. Bilitarity in arabic as well in semitic, together with the apophonic origin of semi-vowel forms are the topic treated in the fifth chapter. The last chapter shows how to build triliterals out of biliterals. The whole is followed by a general conclusion. The second volume is an appendix giving selected data from the dictionary by kazimirski about reduplication and the predictability of semi-vowels in "defective" roots, that should help to a better understanding of the phenomena dealt with
Moumni, Jaouad. "Etude syntaxique des phrases négatives en Arabe et en Anglais." Paris 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA030046.
Full textThis dissertation investigates the negative system of SA, MA and English within the generative framework. With respect to the tense system in SA, it is proposed that the imperfective verb is unmarked for tense, contrary to the perfective verb which is marked for past tense. Being unmarked for [+T], the verb moves to [T-Ø]. [T-Ø] is anaphoric, and therefore checks its time feature by coindexation with C° (time of speech). Accordingly, the present time reading is derived via a T-chain mechanism: [V-TØ-C°]. It is also argued that temporal information can be conveyed by different morphemes: C°, MOD [+NEG], NEG [+T], and T°. Chapter II investigates the syntactic structure of verbless sentence in MA. Adopting the rule of Copula Deletion, I suppose that the verbless negative sentence is to be represented as ma-Ø-š, where Ø stands for the phonetically unrealized “be-PRES-AGR”. Chapter III adopts the current analysis of do-support as a last resort strategy triggered by the verb’s inability to raise overtly to IP. Adopting this analysis, I assume that do is a verbal base introduced in syntax so as to support the inflectional morphemes. Finally, it is argued that Negative Concord is a characteristic of languages in which the regular marker of sentential negation is associated with NEG°. Spec-NEGP is filled by a non-overt operator which is associated with all [+NEG] XP by unselecting binding. Given such an underlying configuration, the NEG Criterion requires that multiple XPs, endowed with NEG features, undergo NEG-absorption so as to be interpretable as one feature in LF
Ayyūb, Ǧūrǧīn Milner Jean-Claude. "La question de la phrase nominale en arabe littéraire : prédicats, figures, catégories /." Lille : Atelier national de reproduction des thèses, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41153551t.
Full textAhnaiba, Adal. "Les verbes supports en arabe classique et en arabe moderne : le cas de 'akhadha/ittakhadha l'équivalent du verbe support français prendre." Paris 4, 2006. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01110754.
Full textRegarding to the difficulty of observing some linguistic phenomena in the mother tongue, without having recourse to a foreign language, this study aimed initially at questioning the relevance of transposing the French concept of support verb to the Arab verb ‘Akhadha (to take) and its variation Ittakhadha (to take for oneself). The study is then defined, starting from a traditional and contemporary corpus, within the specific characteristics of these verbs in classical and modern Arabic, like that of the principal support verb of Libyan Arabic: dâr (to make). Our research fits within the theoretical and methodological framework of the Lexicon-Grammar of Maurice Gross and within that of the theory of the Defining Matrix Analysis of Amr Helmy Ibrahim. After having applied the tests of recognition of the support verb to ‘Akhadha/Ittakhadha, we found approximately 330 nouns, divided into 28 different lists, which are likely to acquire, in more or less forced syntactic-semantic situations, the statute of predicative noun actualized by ' Akhadha and Ittakhadha. The results obtained also allowed us to describe a number of linguistic phenomena such as determining the origin of some Arab nominal groups. These results contribute to the more general goal of this study, which includes the following: the contribution to the construction of a lexicon-grammar of the Arab support verbs; the creation of definitory analytical matrixes for their predicative nouns; and finally, to integrate the linguistic data obtained in the computer processing systems so as to automatically analyze these nouns
El-Akhdar, Boujemâa. "Régularités dans le lexique arabe : vers une grammaire dérivationnelle." Paris 4, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA040224.
Full textChagh, Faddel. "La pragmatique de la négation et des expressions à polarité négative dans le Coran : étude énonciative polyphonique." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H002.
Full textThis thesis focuses on the fact that the polyphonic approach to all types of negations in the quran is very fruitful and interesting in all respects. Here are four chapters and a long introduction devoted to various polyphonical aspects in all quran: the first chapter exposes the main features of the theory of polyphony elaborated by Oswald Ducrot. The second one is a critical review of all trends in modern linguistics which have discussed the problem of negation in natural languages. The third is an analysis of different occurences of the negation in the quran. The last chapter tends to verify the reliability of the theory of polyphony to account for this expressions we commonly call negative polarity items (npi) which never occur without a negative context
Boumaza, Mouhoub. "La prédication en arabe classique et dialectal." Paris 5, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA05H031.
Full textThe topic of our research is predication in classical arabie with a few incursions into spoken arabie (Algerian). We will try to investigate how the predicative relation may be identified through the linguistic means used by both languages. This study concerns both types of predication : verbal and nonverbal. Concerning verbal predication. We aim to focus on the specific characteristics of this type of sentence structuring as these allow the verb to organize the sentence by using its valency potentialities. As for non-verbal predication. We will try to demonstrate how both languages, in the absence of any non-verbal predicative modalities. Manage to reveal the predicative relation and, in particular, the principal functions of each costituant of the sentence
Mokhtari, Najat. "Étude contrastive de quelques quantifieurs en anglais, en français et en arabe : Approche métaopérationnelle." Paris 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA03A005.
Full textEl, @Abdi Hamid. "Les pluriels en arabe d'aprés le Šarh Al-Mufaṣṣal d'ibn Yaʿǐs et dans le parler arabe de Khemisset (Maroc)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX10038.
Full textDahech, Dhouha. "La dérivation nominale en français et en arabe : étude contrastive." Caen, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CAEN1026.
Full textIn this dissertation, we are suggesting a study of the nominalization in french with a contrastive comparison with the arabic language. Our starting point is the french nouns derived by adding a suffix and found in the « Petit Robert Electronique ». We have tackled questions related to nominalization through following several axes: Morphology, Semantics, Syntax, Stylistics and Discourse Analysis. In fact, we have studied the process of formation of these nouns, and we have tried to analyse questions suggested by basic notions such as root, suffix, and allomorphism. A semantic study has been carried out as well. Its aim is the classification of deverbal nouns according to their interpretation. We have been able to distinguish between three categories: predicate, agentive ending, and instrumental case and locatives. It is starting from the morphological and syntactic characteristics of these deverbal nouns that we have reached this classification. The semantic relation between the verbs and their corresponding nouns has been analysed as well. At the syntactic level, we have attempted to focus on the characteristics of noun phrases with predicative heads, such as pre, and post-modifiers. We have equally studied the stylistic characteristics of deverbal nouns (thematization, abstraction and generalization, etc. )At the discursive level, we have pondered the impact of the ideological, religious and cultural context on the use of some deverbal nouns in the French and Arabic languages which are most apparent in the context of the Middle East Conflict
Jaradat, Riham. "Analyse du fonctionnement énonciatif et de la polyphonie dans le discours de recherche de quatre pays arabophones du Proche-Orient." Grenoble 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GRE39032.
Full textHouti, Zhor. "L'opération de négation en arabe moderne : étude de la phrase simple." Paris 7, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA070045.
Full textThe aim of this research is to study the functionning of negation in modern arabic sentences. It includes an introduction and four chapters. After explaining, in the introduction, the choice of this subject, the corpus, the plane of the study, a brief presentation of the theoritical approach is adopted is given. The first chapter treat of the study of negation in the arabic grammatical tradition: definition of negation, negative particles and their relation to verbs and nouns. The subject of the three other chapters is the analys of negation in three types of modern arabic sentences: verbal sentences, nominal sentences and locative sentences. Thus we analysed the functionning of negative marqueurs and the relation of negation to others modalitis: assertion, interrogation, injunction, presupposition, tense and aspect. The conclusion provides a summary of main steps we adopted through out this study as well as the results we have come to
Debbache, Abdelhamid. "Le prédicat syntaxique en arabe." Aix-Marseille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992AIX10018.
Full textNeither the traditional grammar nor the arabic linguistic manage to isolate the syntactic function so-called: predicate. The constructional and relational definition we have proposed accounts for the basically syntactic nature of this function by distinguishing the different levels of the linguistic analysis. So, a sentence is defined as predicative or not according as it represente an exocentric or endocentric construction. The normal syntagmatic order makes the sentence an exocentric construction analysis by means of such concepts as subject and predicate. On the other hand, the modified or inverted one makes it an endocentric construction subsumng an extraposition and a proposition
Elossfourri, Ezzohra. "Les pronoms personnels de l'arabe : syntaxe interne et externe." Paris 8, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081544.
Full textSaguer, Abderrahim. "Le rare et l'exceptionnel en phonologie et morphologie arabes." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA08A001.
Full textKerroum, Ahmed. "Le quadrilatère en arabe : étude descriptive à partir de l'arabe classique et de l'arabe marocain." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H058.
Full textThe study of the "quadruple" in arabe is often ignored for the sake of the triple. However, there should be noted that this form may give towards the enrichment of the arabic language and, in so doning, help it catch up with the scientific and technological evolution. In this work, i have reviewed the most important researchs devoted to the study of the root in arabic and to the procedure "naht" which i have opted to call "collision". In the analytical part I have put forward the different types of the quadruple form and then proceeded to a deep morphological analysis of it. I have equally emphasized the role that the process of collision can play in neologism of arabic. In the chapeter of semantic analysis i have tried to put up the pertinent traits of the quadruple. I have inderlined as well the role which the phonic factor can play in the use and formation of the quadruple
Karimallah, Kabbour. "L'assimilation en arabe classique : essai d'une analyse autosegmentale." Paris 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA030029.
Full textThe goal of this research is the study of assimilation processes in classical Arabic. The language in question, defined as litterary-coranic koine, is determined by the mixture of data relative to assimilation. The facts, under investigation, are taken from works made by some arabists like j. Cantineau (1941), H. Fleisch (1961) and A. Roman (1983). In this thesis, an attempt has been made to investigate the applicability of autosegmental analysis to some aspects of classical arabic phonology, namely vowel harmony, emphasis and voicing assimilation. Partial assimilation in classical arabic, is described as a spreading of a floating autosegment at level of "manner" matrixes, on the "cv" squeleton. Total assimilation, on the other hand, requires application association conventions at two tiers. In addition to this, morphophonological processes, like emphasis and voicing assimilation of prefix "ta" and infix "t", can be captured, since discontinuous morphemes are separate in morphophonological level and adjacent in the consonantal plane suggested by d. Archangeli (1985). Application of segmental phonology, elaborated by Chomsky and Halle (1968), leads to the following problems : - rules with two segments for vowel harmony and emphasis of liquids ; - morphophonological rules, in which, the morpheme boundary (+) is not motivated. Thus, voicing and emphasis of some derivational affixes in classical Arabic, can not be accounted for ; - intrinsic and extrinsic ordering of rules, are ad-hoc
Boneh, Nora. "La représentation syntaxique du temps : le cas de l'hébreu moderne, de l'arabe standard et dialectal." Paris 8, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA082213.
Full textThis dissertation investigates the temporal systems of Standard Arabic, Syrian Arabic and Modern Hebrew. The syntactic configuration put forward in this thesis is based on the idea that tense and aspect are to be defined by the same set of relations holding between time spans. The relations between each pair of time spans are encoded by two syntactic categories. Cross-linguistically, either both categories or only one of them can be made to be structurally visible. It is suggested, that in Hebrew, the higher temporal category is rendered structurally visible, while in Arabic (Standard and Syrian), it is the lowest of them two. Arguments for this syntactic configuration come from two distinct domains : non-finite clauses et non-verbal predicates in the present tense. These domains of investigation were chosen because they permit to examine the structural manifestation of temporality by (partly) dissociating inflection from the lexical verb carrying it. The present analysis shows explicitly that Modern Hebrew is a tense prominent language and that Arabic is an aspectual one. The theoretical contribution of this dissertation is showing the temporality is derived in the syntax and that its source is not one fixed position in the syntactic hierarchy
El, Khattabi Khadija Rouveret Alain. "La structure de la proposition et la syntaxe de la négation en arabe standard et en arabe marocain /." Lille : Atelier national de reproduction des thèses, 1998. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41153863n.
Full textMessaoudi, El-Haouès. "L'interrogation dans le Coran (approche syntaxique et sémantique)." Paris 5, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA05H074.
Full textInterrogation in Coran presents singular particularities for : speaker and hearer (animate and inanimate) ; monemes of interrogation (determinations, morphology, functions and values) and structure of the question, whether a real question or a rhetorical question. This latter is characterized by particular nouns and verbs, by position (opening and closing the narrative) and by repetition as refrain)
El, Khattabi Khadija. "La structure de la proposition et la syntaxe de la négation en arabe standard et en arabe marocain." Paris 8, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA081105.
Full textThis thesis deals with the clause structure and the syntax of negation in standard and moroccan arabic. The analysis of negation goes through a correct understanding of the clause structure, which is itself partly dependent on the morphology-syntax connection. The morphology-syntax connection is analysed in the first chapter, based on n. Chomsky's (1965 and 1992) and m. Halle and a. Marantz's (1992) theories. For the specific case of standard arabic, the following conclusions are proposed in the thesis :. Every category whose morphological head is a suffix spelled out as a combinaison of (person-number)features is verbal. . Every category whose morphological head is a suffix spelled out as a combinaison of (number-case) features is nominal. . The perfective and imperfective verbs in standard arabic are therefore morphologically and categorially different : the perfective verb is a verbal category. The imperfective verb is a nominal category. The clause structure of standard arabic is delt with in the second chapter. The perfective verb is analysed as a verbal predicate whose extended projection is persp. The imperfective verb is treated as a participial category and is analysed syntactically as a complex dp projection, which combines in one functional structure a nominalized verb and an extended dp projection. The syntax of negation in standard arabic and moroccan arabic is treated in the third chapter. In standard arabic, the clause structure of a negative sentence contains two tense categories, t1 and t2. T2 is functionally related to neg, and t1 is lexically related to v. Neg in standard arabic selects a null tense which has no morphological content. In moroccan arabic, neg selects a morphological tense, and the tense category in the negative sentence is lexically related to the verb
Al, Ahdal Abdulhadi. "Etude comparative de la négation en arabe et en français : négativité et temporalité." Caen, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CAEN1033.
Full textThis dissertation compares the negation systems of Arabic and French. The main negative markers of French are neutral with respect to tense values, unlike their Modern Arabic counterparts. Modern Arabic markers are involved in perfective/imperfective distinctions. In an arabic negative sentence, negation and tense are related, since the negative marker associates to the temporal value of the utterance. Thus, there are two negative systems, one that relates to temporality, and another that is neutral with respect to tense. However, unlike Modern Arabic and like French, Dialectal Arabic is neutral with respect to temporality. Comparing (varieties of) languages thus allows one to identify some of their major properties, and to raise the question of how grammars are different
Saleh, Samo. "Traduire "le temps" du français en arabe : approche traductologique." Caen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CAEN1482.
Full textEsber, Nabil. "La terminologie de la linguistique : problèmes de traduction français-arabe." Lyon 3, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995LYO3A001.
Full textArbaoui, Nor Elhouda. "Les dix formes de l'arabe classique à l'interface syntaxe/phonologie : pour une déconstruction du gabarit." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA070058.
Full textThis thesis proposes a syntactic analysis of the ten verb forms in classical Arabic. The claim is to motivate syntactically the morphophonological analysis suggested by Guerssel and Lowenstamm and to show that the template underlying each of these measures is built in syntax. Henceforth, which will make the difference between these ten forms, will be the presence of distinct maximal projections, of various syntactic heads and different movements. The template as proposed by Guerssel Lowenstamm will be perceived as being the result of various operations and not as being the place even of these operations. This study makes it possible to answer some technical questions such as: the number of verbal forms (why ten?), the existence of some apparent inconsistencies in the same forms, but also it provides answers to theoretical ones: to explore the idea that words are analyzable in syntax, to see whether the syntactic model can explain some problems which the morphophonological one did not solve, to understand what is really a template; to contribute to the identification of the object "root". The study that I carried out in this thesis also makes it possible, also, to better understand the behavior of verbs in classical Arabic and to make some generalizations. Indeed, it proved that transitive verbs are in fact two distinct classes. The verbs of the first class are agreeable to a reflexive form VIII but not to a form VII and with form II, they convey causative. The verbs of the second class are not agreeable to a reflexive form VIII, but accept a form VII and convey to the intensive with form IL
Jaccarini, André. "Grammaires modulaires de l'arabe : modélisations, mise en oeuvre informatique et stratégies." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040025.
Full textIn this work we expound, in a unified theoretical frame, the main linguistic models and the associated parsers we have developed in the D. A. T. A. T (département d'analyse et de traitement automatique des textes, IREMAN-CNRS). The most salient feature of these parsers is that they can work without a lexicon but can be enhanced by the introduction of selective lexicons. Our aim is then to design a syntactic monitor for the morphological program in order to reduce different ambiguities which are inherent to Arabic writing systems. In order to achieve accurate descriptions we have designed modular programs that we can modify according to the "complexification" of linguistic data and an evaluation method for grammar. The already existing morphological parser without a lexicon can be applied to non-vocalized as well as vocalized Arabic texts in order to extract roots, to vocalize partially automatically and hierarchize ambiguities. In this sense this parser constitutes a powerful tool for research in linguistic engineering itself: the method of grammar variations will allow the design of compact modular grammars applicable to various needs and research areas. Our aim is to create a generator for linguistic applications rather than the mere applications themselves. For example optical character recognition (OCR) and speech processing require compact linguistic modules of verification. The use of enormous lexicons may be a handicap in some computational configurations. Our method allows the calculation of the optimum grammar
Khattabi, Brahim el Bohas Georges. "Le plagiat dans l'art d'écrire la grammaire arabe /." Lille : Atelier national de reproduction des thèses, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb411536366.
Full textChaabani, Ilham. "L'anaphore pronominale en anglais moderne et en arabe classique : approche psychomécanique." Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA040074.
Full textThis thesis deals with anaphoric pronouns in modern english and classical arabic. It emphasizes reference assignation for pronominal anaphora when a strictly linguistic approach does not seem sufficient. We have proceeded in this analysis through agreement non agreement, endophora exophora diachotomies. These latters, applied to english and arabic, allowed us to conclude, firstly that grammatical ageement can not be considered in itself as a sufficient criteria to identify the relevant antecedent and that the control of pronoun is not only linguistic but also pragmatic. Secondly, in exophoric cases, the personnal pronoun can be justified either in the situation (a-memorial) or in the past of memory (memorial). Nevertheless, we consider that anaphora is basically memorial, because, even if the referent is absent from the text, it is checked by the hearer memorically
Ben, Gharbia Abdeljabbar. "La sémantique de la coordination." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996CLF20101.
Full textIn this work, we have explored the treatments applied to coordination in different grammars and modern linguistic theories, with the purpose of determining the entities that can be coordinated and putting forward a meaning for the prototypical conjunctive connector of the french and arab languages. We have shown the limits of traditional grammars and the inappropriate nature of the modular approach. The autonomy of syntax, the traditional structure of constituents and the traditional system of categorization have neither enabled the generative grammar and other postchomskian formalisms to perceive the nature of the similarity of the conjuncts required by the principle of coordination itself, nor permitted to account for all coordinate structures. We retained a non-modular approach and adopted the conceptual categorization which is defended by langacker in his cognitive grammar, with a few modifications. Moreover, we have chosen another structure of constituents, which seems to be more appropriate. On the basis of these choices, we have shown that the coordinate conjuncts should be structurally equivalent and semantically linkable, and that their similarity mainly comes from the mode of conceptual organization. These choices and the numerous examples we analysed lead us to put forward "the simultaneous validation of the conceptual entities" as the only meaning of the prototypical conjunctive connector, and to bring to the fore the fact that the connector of coordination composes with the conjuncts and with all the constituents of utterance to build a signification
Ayaou, Jamila. "Constructions complétives et interrogatives indirectes en arabe standard et maghrébin." Nancy 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NAN21003.
Full textFor a long time, the Arabic grammarians were interested to the study of the clauses and particularly to the phenomenon of the complex clauses. The complex clauses are presented by particles which make a relation between the matrix and the insert. The movements in the completive are more frequent in standard Arabic than Maghreb Arabic. These movements are able to displace one element all the subordinate. The movement of np or who-question let a trace which inherits the case of the displaced constituent. The rules of the movement arrange the clause so that the rules of the assignation of the functions arrange the constituents and undertake the clause order
Azzaoui-Ihda, Boubker. "Quelques connecteurs pragmatiques en arabe littéraire : approche argumentative et polyphonique." Paris, EHESS, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990EHES0304.
Full textUsing the framwork of the theory of argumentation developped by ducrot and anscombre, a treatment of the pramatic connectors bal, lakin, hatta and lasiyyma of the standard arabic is given. The proposed analysis confirms the hypothesis about the argumentative nature of natural languages
Chouit, Drissia. "L'anaphorisation : de la pronominalisation à l'ellipse : approche métaopérationnelle : analyse contrastive trilingue (anglais, français, arabe) et problèmes de traduction." Paris 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA030142.
Full textThis thesis is composed of three parts: nominal group anaphora, verbal group anaphora and predication anaphora. As it is too general, the concept of anaphora needed redefinition. So, i made a distinction between two types of anaphora: one of phase i which signals that when the enunciator refers to the previous context, the operation he makes is limited to the semantic programme of the items he takes back, and the other of phase 2 which signals that this semantic level is presupposed and that the grammatical structure is pre-constructed because co-accepted by the enunciator and the co-enunciator. This distinction was necessary to give a satisfactory explanation to the structuring and functioning of pronouns, this, do this and do so on the one hand (anaphora of phase 1) and the, that, it, do that, do it,-ing and do operator of syntactic liaison between subject and predicate on the other (anaphora of phase 2). This abstract mechanism of phases gave me tools to show the coherence of the architecture underlying the three languages studied, and to show that one language can shed lights on the functioning of another. I also compared my explanation to that of contemporary researchers to make explicit the new measures i brought. .
Boumaza, Mouhoub François-Geiger Denise François Frédéric. "La prédication en arabe classique et dialectal /." Lille : Atelier national de reproduction des thèses, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb411538671.
Full textNajem, Aïda. "Médiation sémiotique et activités cognitives : étude comparative des stratégies de compréhension de textes écrits en langue arabe et en langue française." Paris 5, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA05H035.
Full textThe study of the specific characteristics of the developmental processes of cognitive strategies that Tunisian pupils aged between 7 and 12 years have used in order to understand written texts in the mother language and in the second, has found out that the understanding process in Arabic is governed by concepts, whereas it is rather governed by textual information in French. The age and the period's length of exposure to language may explain the variation in understanding strategies level. These two factors are not mutually exclusive. In fact, when pupils are of the same age, they would most often use high-level comprehension strategies while trying to understand texts written in Arabic. This is because of the longer period of exposure to that language. However, when the period's length of exposure is the same to both languages, the higher performance of the older pupils starts dwindling down starting from a period of 3 years, it gets the other way round in favor of the younger pupils starting from a period of 4 years. The Conceptual Level of Exposure to Language, to which first language pupils take advantage, explains this reversal. It mediates the activity of reading comprehension
LEVY, SIMON. "Parlers arabes des juifs du maroc : particularites et emprunts. (histoire, socio-linguistique, geographie dialectale)." Paris 8, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA080520.
Full textUntil the 1950s, the jews of morocco used to speak judeo-arabic, judeo-berber, or judeo-spanish (hakitiya) according to their areas of living. The judeoberber disapeared in the past forty years. The "hakitiya" has lost ist particularities. The judeo-arabic dialectal forms are modalities of the pre-hilalian dialectal arabic. They have phonetic, morphological and lexical specificities. We found part ofthose phonetic and morphological particularities in prehilalian dialects. The texts, interviews and lexical questionnaires on which my research is based date from 1972-1974. I focused my work on the conditions of settlement of jewish communities and the ways those dialectal forms appeared. To what extent have the periods of vilingualism 8arabic berber; arabic spanish arabic french) had an effect upon those dialectal forms? according to the phonetics, we can destinguish three groups of jewish dialectal forms: 1 : fes, meknes, rabat-sale, seffou. 2 : tafilalt, wad dra, debdou. 3 : marrakech, essaouira, safi, el jadida, azemmour. This works divides into three parts and a glossary 1 : history of the jewish peopling. 2 : phonetics and morphology. . 3 : lexical particularities and berber, hebrew, spanish (english) and french borrowings. 4 - glossary of 1750 specific words with etymology and geographical locality
Filali, Abdelhadi. "Notions, prédication, énonciation en arabe marocain : parler fassi." Tours, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOUR2019.
Full textCuloma, Sauva Virginie. "Étude diachronique et psychosystématique des possessifs et de la représentation spatiale en italien, français et roumain." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3054.
Full textThis study as a doctoral thesis, deals with the analysis of diachronic and psychosystematic possessives and with spatial representation in the Italian, French and Romanian languages. The goal of this work is to study and to better understand the expression of membership in the Italian language opposing to French and Romanian ones, while focusing on the implication that they may have on the representation of the person in each of the three languages. This work focuses on a system analysis of language considered as a coherent and closed one, prior to any uses which is inner to each person that could deal with it. The analysis of meaning effects in speeches, which was made possible by the development of a corpus that some items can sometimes confuse the initiate, provides opportunities to better understand the cohesion of the language system considered
Messaoudi, Leila. "Des technolectes : présentation, identification, fonctionnement ; application linguistique à l'arabe standard." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05H030.
Full textThis research deals with three main questions. The first one is : how can we distinguish between special languages (i. E. Technolects) and common language? The second one is : what are the most important ways to identify the technolects? The third one is : what kind of linguistic procedures are used in technolects at work, with a special attention paid to technolects in standard arabic? (which is an applied domain for this study with many data collected from bilingual dictionaries and notices in two fields : agriculture and chemistry in franch arabic. Results of this study show that there are some linguistic procedures which are used in technolects. These procedures can be grouped into two sections : formal procedures and non-formal procedures. In first group we range compounds and derivatives and in the second, we present semantic matters as "mode of designation" (which seems to be specific to technolects) and some cases of semic relations inside and between technolectal words. And in spite of inconvenients of "componential analysis", this method has been relevant in studying semantic relations as synonymy, polysemy and homonymy. But the analysis of technolects in standard arabic shows difficulties ought to real using in situ which seems to be missing in standard arabic