Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Arabes – États-Unis – Identité collective'
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El, Allami Salmane Tariq. "Le religieux et le politique dans l'assimilation et l'ethnicité des Arabes aux États-Unis." Paris 4, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA040189.
Full textThe present study focuses on the historical development of the Arab community in the United States from 1880 to 1990. It sheds light on the religious institutions, associations, ethnic marriage, socio-economic status, literature and political behavior of the Arab immigrants. This study is based on a fieldwork in the area of Washington, D. C. It shows that religion largely influenced the assimilation of the early Christian Arab immigrants (1880-1948). However, politics (in the Middle East) contributed to their ethnicity (1948-1990). On the other hand, the political background of the Arab Muslims has a deep impact on their political integration in the United States, but their religion influences their social and cultural adaptation
Latrache, Rim. "La communauté arabe aux Etats-Unis : histoire d'immigration et enjeux de la visibilité et de l'invisibilité." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA040184.
Full textHow can one be Arab and American in the aftermath of 9/11 ? The objective of the present dissertation is to study the Arab community in the United States in its diversity through, at first, a historical approach regarding the history of the immigration of Arabs to the United States from 1860 to the present. Second, we will examine the status of the Arab American community within the American society, and finally, we will adopt a political approach to analyze the different policies of the American government towards the Arab Americans. The dynamics of the Arab American identity will be examined in order to explain the mechanism through which the“invisibility” of the Arab American community, once considered as a sign of assimilation, became a sign of isolation and marginality. Why do Arab Americans become “visible” only in negative way ?
Damak, Sadok. "Les Arabes musulmans aux Etats-Unis depuis 1965 : ethnicité et assimilation." Toulouse 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU20085.
Full textEthnicity may be inherent to each culture as it is held by the primordialist approach of the ethnic phenomenon; or it can be optional : the result of several choices involving cultural identity. These choices stem from different situations. Thus, ethnicity is situational; it could also be either instrumental or symbolic. In some instances, ethnicity is "defensive". Such is the case of arab muslims as an ethnic minority living in the united states. The present dissertation deals with the impact of "defensive ethnicity" on the ethnicization process of the arab muslim minority, and on their assimilation to the american society in the last three decades. It is our hypothesis that defensive ethnicity offers a substitute-means for identification which is aimed at reinforcing the cultural identity of a group. The minority under study has in fact developped an ethnic action against the stereotypes and the hostility encountered by arab culture in the united states. Arab muslims have adopted a defensive ethnic position since 1965 in order to support and maintain their cultural heritage in the host society. So, they have stressed different ethnic symbols and used two main "strategical attitudes" pertaining to their ancestral identity: "volorization" and "singularization", together with americanization. In this respect, some americanized aspects of arab culture seem adequately serving the minority's defensive purposes as far as its ethnic identification is concerned
Cosquer, Claire. "Expat' à Abu Dhabi : blanchité et construction du groupe national chez les migrant.e.s français.es." Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018IEPP0040.
Full textDrawing on ethnographic methods (participant observation and interviews), this research analyses the migratory experiences of French residents of Abu Dhabi – generally referred to as ‘expats’ rather than ‘migrants’. It describes their migratory paths, and explores how migration affects their social positions, relations, and representations. While these ‘expatriates’ have been described as ‘hypermobile,’ they actually proceed along marked trails. Their migratory routes are shaped by the encounter of Emirati public policies and the French transnational state, in a context where postcolonial competition involves complex distancing strategies vis-à-vis British colonialism and U.S. imperialism. While the construction of the national group is supported by those migratory institutions, it also delineates symbolic boundaries and blends Frenchness and whiteness, through interactions with Emirati nationals as well as with other migrant groups. Although there appears to be little contact with the majority, South-Asian population, this remoteness is complicated by the massive institutionalization of ‘live-in’ domestic services. Relations to national citizens trigger an interesting trouble in the postcolonial order: French residents experience a limited, albeit anxiety-ridden, vulnerability vis-à-vis omnipotent-reputed Emiratis. To that extent, French migrations to Abu Dhabi enact an ambivalent social theater where whiteness is both destabilized and solidified. Showing how the reconfigurations of whiteness intersect with a gender regime which bolsters heteroconjugality, this research contributes to the analysis of the plurality of power relations in North-South migrations
Noël-Linnemer, Magali. "Le préférentialisme intra-racial dans la communauté noire américaine des origines à nos jours." Paris 8, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA081935.
Full textMohammad-Arif, Aminah. "Musulmans du sous-continent indien à New-York : culture, religion, identité." Paris, EHESS, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998EHESA015.
Full textAfter having presented a picture of the different south asian muslim communities, established in america and analysed the history of their presence in the united states, i have furnished some precise demographic and economic data on these populations. I have also examined their socio- cultural and religious integration into american society, at an individual and familial level, with emphasis on both the first and second generations. Finally, i have studied the implementation of institutions, the ethnic identifications and the political organisation of these segments. From the findings of this research. South asians benefit from a very high level of education: this has ensured their structural integration in the united states and has entailed a migration experience rather different from that of the muslim populations that have migrated to europe. Despite this structural integration. Smith asian muslims do remain very keen to perpetuate their ethno- religious heritage, even though this heritage has undergone some transformations, a logical consequence of the diasporic situation. The importance of religion is significant in the identity construction of these migrants. Even before migration, religion has been playing a major role in south asia: in pakistan, where islam is theoretically the raison d'etre of this country ; in india, where muslims form a significant minority. Besides, because of a dialectical relationship between migration, religion and nation, the migration process has provoked the exacerbation of nationalist feelings, which in the case of south asian muslims, has taken a religious dimension. The identification to islam is thus more significant in the country of migration than in the country of origin. Despite an insidious discrimination against islam, a periodic source of identity withdrawal, the islamic religion seems to play a structuring and stabilising role (rather similar to the role played by other religions like catholicism and judaism), which strengthens the migrant in a way, helping him to participate in american society. Lastly, south asian muslim immigrants in the united states seem to be well-equipped to tackle islam rationally, so as to understand the contemporary transformations in the light of the quranic message
Teixeira, Ribeiro Marie Rosalie. "Présence luso-américaine aux Etats-Unis : un problème de visibilité." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040040.
Full textThis thesis deals with the presence of the Luso-American community, that is to say the people with a Portuguese origin in the united states and with the issue of their visibility, or their invisibility in the society. After having analyzed the reasons and the consequences of the immigration of the Portuguese and cap-Verdean people to precise and traditional regions like New England, California or Hawaii, we discussed how this ethnic minority, so diverse in itself, has evolved. Through our analyses and field research on the life of the Luso-Americans and cape-Verdean-Americans - those are the terms used to describe and designate them - we can figure out the visibility degree of this group of people. This visibility is witnessed in the cultural elements which belong only to them, and which they have kept and which they display with some pride. We also studied the economic and political role, as well as the cultural expressions of these people living in the English-speaking world. Furthermore, by focusing on the interethnic relations between this language minority and the American majority, as well as the other ethnic groups, we were able to describe the problems faced by the Luso-Americans both inside and outside their community of origin. The latter issue tells us about the capacity of the Portuguese and cape-Verdean people to open themselves or not towards the others or, on the contrary, to marginalize themselves into cultural ghettos. Added to this danger and our central issue about their visibility or invisibility is the essential problem of the quest for an identity by immigrants who have been living in America for a long time, all the more so by their descendants, who very often waver between two cultural and ethnic origins. Thus, the fact of claiming that they belong to this or that ethnic or national group has some consequences on the daily life of this community, which we intend to describe
Merlet, Rachel. "La souveraineté tribale des Suquamish (réserve de Port Madison, USA) : renaissance culturelle et revitalisation d’une identité collective." Lyon 2, 2007. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2007/merlet_r.
Full textMy thesis examines the contemporary tribal sovereignty in the American Federal State. My interest relates more particularly to the way in which Suquamish Tribe of Puget Sound appropriates and instrumentalizes the tribal political model in order to recompose a collective sociocultural and political organization. By supporting an analysis of the process of reorganization of this model and revitalization of certain latent resources like the canoe, I have been able to observe several elements of collective identity recombining. First, is an element of a political nature in which tribal governments and their autonomy are established within the tribal territory. Secondly, a cultural nature, it is a question of the rebirth and the revitalization of the ancestor’s culture. Finally, is of a social nature. It relates to the importance of group’s consciousness. This study enabled me to note that the tribal sovereignty, although limited to an internal autonomy, allows the tribes to be reconnected with their ancestors, their territory and to take part in the American life in becoming legitimate partners and collaborators. They are free to plan, implement and to manage programs, services and functions. Their sphere of activity remains limited to a small tribal territory. But they control and combine each day a little more their internal capacity, their collective identity and their American citizenship. They were never also visible and present on the American public scene but today
Bloch, Anny. "Des berges du Rhin aux rives du Mississippi : une culture recommencée : migrants juifs de la Vallée rhénane du XIXe au XXe siècle." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STR20057.
Full textFrench and German Jewish migrants have settled along the Rhine valley for four generations and have told the story of their travels and their adaptation to the new continent. The life stories which they have given from themselves or from their descendants question the ways in which they settled, the professional model adopted, their religious appurtenance or the definition of their relationship with other people whether they be Jews, from the African- American minority or from the mainstream society. For more than one hundred and fifty years, practices and images and even the terminology have undergone vast changes. When faced with the situation of transplantation, the migrant must cope with the tension between the temptation to bury himself in traditional values coming from the old country and the necessity to adapt to the values of his new world. So it is here in the environment of modernity and liberty, new ways of religious and social expression are being put into place. It is in this context that the French and the Germans joined together, forgetting their old hostilities. New patterns of Judaism are invented with the birth of the American Israelite where Reform Judaism is less visible than Orthodox Judaism. The categories of the religious, the Israelite and the assimilated Jew can be seen again from the American perspective where these new communities are acknowledged by the cities where they resided. At the same time, these categories are nomadic and gave birth to the age of post-modern Judaism, chosen freely, “mixed Judaism, “Judaism by genealogy. ” A new model appears which goes beyond the previous categories, “the individual who uses the past” as a means of re-establishing ties between the two continents and to transmit his heritage to the future generations
Konate, Kangbai. "L' utilisation et la place de l'Afrique dans le processus identitaire des Noirs américains : discours interprétatif et négociation culturelle." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0063.
Full textAfrica as a constructive element of African American's alterity, enters the American social, political and cultural scene through their process of self-identification. If for the majority of African Americans, Africa is part of the cultural heritage, for others, the connection to “the mother land” is fundamental to the cultural and political negotiation that they are initiating within American society. This study argues that this negotiation is an attempt by African Americans to reposition themselves in their Americanness: for the majority of African Americans, the place of Africa in their search for identity is a way to exist in American society and not about becoming “Africans”. Rather, it is about defining the parameters of a complete identity. To some extent, the “recourse” to Africa permits African Americans to better come to terms with their “Americanness”. Fundamentally, this search for identity by African Americans reveals a desire for legitimacy rooted in the reality of the unique context of American society
Célestine, Audrey. "Mobilisations collectives et construction identitaire : le cas des Antillais en France et des Portoricains aux États-Unis." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009IEPP0054.
Full textBoth France and the United States comprise migrants from colonized territories that still haven’t achieve independence. Martinique, Guadeloupe and Puerto Rico are among the only islands not to be sovereign states in the Caribbean region. For both countries, possessing these territories entailed various conceptions of citizenship. The specific history linking their territory to France and the United States as well as the practical details of their migrations to the mainlands make these populations interesting objects of study. The collective actions lead in the name of French Caribbeans and Puerto Ricans durably settled in the mainlands suggest that comparable identity definition processes are at stake. Thus, in this research, we seek to answer the following questions : is the citizenship of French Caribbeans in France and Puerto Ricans in the United States specific ? What role does it play in collective mobilizations processes ? To what extent does it feed identity dynamics within each group ? At the crossroad of sociology of collective action and scholarship on collective identities, this research aims at interrogating the macro, mezzo and micro levels. First, the contexts of reception of both populations are analyzed. Then, we turn to the links between claim-making processes and collective identity formation before analyzing the internal dynamics of ethnic mobilizations
Richomme, Olivier. "L'égalité par l’identité : les enjeux de la classification "ethno-raciale" aux Etats-Unis." Paris 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040107.
Full textOur study is an analysis of the relationships between the creation of “ethno-racial” statistics and the notions of identity and equality. The massive use of those statistics, first for discriminatory purposes then for anti-racist or remedial purposes, has major consequences for America’s conception of itself, of its identity, of what the notion of equality represents and the means to achieve it. Thus this classification raises formidable identity issues for a nation whose definition along with its political, administrative and legal organisation revolve around theses statistics. This point can be observed through several examples such as policies of immigration, naturalisation and marriage, the study of health disparities, the evolution of medical research, the functioning of the census, of Vital statistics, the adoption issue or policies of affirmative action and redistricting
Le, Dantec-Lowry Hélène. "Familles noires et culture afro-américaine." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA070146.
Full textThis study examines domestic networks in the united states within a minority culture in white america. After a historiographic analysis, the author examines male-female relationships, child sociolization and the organisation of the black family, as well as its relations to two other black institutions : the church and the ghetto. The study was made in st louis, missouri, based on interviews with persons working among blacks or with members of the community itself varying in age, economic status and place of residence. The black family appears not only as an economic and social, but also cultural, unit at the center of american political and ideological debate; it reflects the relationships among blacks and with the wider society. There is not a single pattern but rather a variety of family types that change with class status and the level of integration into white america. This diversity may lead to conflicts and ambiguities within families. The black family is the center of acculturation but can also be the place where cultural specificities are preserved. It is within the family that social differences may occur, but also that blacks be reunited despite disparities as an increasing number are now integrating into the wider society while the entire group is still discriminated against. Domestic groups are also "lieux de memoire" in which blackness is expressed and reaffirmed
Cadet-Marthe, Sonia. "La Femme portoricaine dans la société new yorkaise au cours des deux dernières décénnies du XX eme siècle." Antilles-Guyane, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AGUY0243.
Full textSourisce, Nicolas. "La presse ethnique et l'étude des réseaux diasporiques : exemples de communautés juives américaines." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA040245.
Full textInside the American Jewish press, man can see two ways of what being Jewish means, today, in America. The first one is connected with neighbourhood; but according to the main American Jewish institutions, the Jewish identity must have other territorial marks: the United States of America, Israel, and all the countries of the Diaspora. Studying the American Jewish press allows, then, in order to underscore a new geography of the American Jews' identity. Its deliveries make ethnic press to be a judicious residential indication. The cartography of the adverts and editorials is also a cultural and economic indication. There is therefore an ambiguity in the American Jewish identity structure: to the fighting as a group, in order to maintain a dynamic cultural and political Diaspora network, answer more individualistic political behaviours, which are basic American ones. On the one hand, the Jewish cultural specificity survival; on the other hand, the assimilation process
Dossou, Aristide. "La représentation politique des minorités historiquement défavorisées comme une exigence du droit d'être traité avec respect égal : le cas de la minorité afro-américaine." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010570.
Full textFallu, Marcel. "La communauté musulmane américaine : identité collective, droits individuels : analyse de la construction identitaire dans le discours d'organisations politiques musulmanes américaines à l'occasion de l'élection présidentielle de 2004." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24485/24485.pdf.
Full textLejeune, Catherine. "La frontière entre les États-Unis et le Mexique : espace identitaire du Chicano." Paris 7, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA070071.
Full textThis study deals with the us-mexico border from an original point of view, that of an agent of community life : in the past, what was known as the spanish borderlands, then as the mexican borderlands was a place of cultural conflits but also of much interaction between the various groups that inhabited the region : the fact that the 1848 war transformed this frontier into an international boundary in no way altered its significance as a category : its still extremely heterogeneous populations have complex relations with one another, and the relationship they hae with the border is of a very particular nature. For the chicanos who are the product of the historal break between the two countries, the border is a focal point of identification : their identity is formed around it. The survey i carried out on the representations of the border in the collective imagination of the chicanos show its strategic role in the identity process of the border population of mexican descent in the us, and also reveals that beyond its physical reality, the border is a mental space
Behagle, Laëtitia. "Revendications territoriales et préservation des sites sacrés : le rôle de l'identité ethnique autochtone." Paris 8, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA082012.
Full textPhilogène, Gina. "De "Black" à "African american" : l'élaboration d'une nouvelle représentation sociale." Paris, EHESS, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1996EHES0019.
Full textOuaja, Sarah. "Chicanos : l'invention d'une communauté à l'époque contemporaine : recherches sur l'engagement politique, la culture et l'imaginaire." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H005.
Full textThis thesis on sociology proposes to study the construct of the Chicano community in the United States by choosing as an analytical prism the bonds between political engagement, creation and the community identity ; an historic detour, going back to perceive the mechanisms of the construction of the group, the sentiment of belonging, and the common existence, in order to understand the end result of the Chicano culture today as a “third world” inside the American totality. This thesis analyzes the originality of the construction of this community and of the Chicano identity through artistic creation, around the reconstruction of an Aztec past, and a cultural nationalism based on the claim that “we didn’t cross the border, the border crossed us”, in order to understand how today, being Chicano has become a real engagement, a political positioning, a style, a way of like and a culture which are nourished by imagination and creativity
Loza, Léna. "Les immigrants guyaniens de New-York : une communauté ethnique en formation ?" Toulouse 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TOU20082.
Full textThe purpose of this PhD dissertation is to add to the existing knowledge about Caribbean immigration in New York city. It deals with the migration experiences of Guyanese people, a group of immigrants which remains “invisible” despite its strong demographic weight in this city. This paradox was taken as the starting point of this qualitative study which offers an analysis of ethnic community building by Guyanese people in New York city. Therefore this dissertation explores the factors which either favor or hinder the setting up of community structures and events beyond the internal ethnic splits that divide the Guyanese population. The individual identity discourses which were collected bring out the enduring social representations which weaken feelings of belonging to the Guyanese nation. They also reveal the processes of identity redefinition triggered by new social interactions in the host society. This dissertation shows the influence of these elements on the spatial integration of Guyanese immigrants in New York city and the reasons for their organizational weakness, which allows us to understand their lack of visibility within the public space of New York city
Berloquin-Chassany, Pascale. "Reconstruire l’identité noire : la perspective transatlantique des créateurs de mode vestimentaire noirs (France, États-Unis, Caraïbe, Afrique de l’Ouest)." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100182.
Full textThe field of fashion is a Western monopoly from which the Black other is excluded. This is mainly due to passive and miserable representations antagonistic to the expectation of the luxe industry. However, based on the study of about twenty black women’s magazines and three years of fieldwork, six hundred fashion black designers have been censed. They live in the United States, in France, in the Caribbean or in francophone Africa. They are identified as blacks, Africans, Caribbeans or Antilleans. The relation between these assignations and their use by the designers on order to get known unveils the construction of an enhanced black identity. It is to that condition only they can hope to find a place within the globalisation process. The analysis of the professional trajectories and of the creativity of these designers in this transatlantic space reveals the various strategies of the designers. These strategies are both particularistic and universal and are usually thought simultaneously. Thus black fashion designers belong to the international elite and contribute to define black identity
Cortazar-Rodriguez, Francisco Javier. "Newsgroups Chicanos et Mexico-Américains : identité et mémoire collective." Paris 13, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA131038.
Full textBen, Amor-Mathieu Leïla. "La communauté inventée : la télévision hispanique dans l'espace public américain." Toulouse 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU20005.
Full textHispanic american television is studied both through its position within the American public sphere and as a sounding board for a variety of symbolic struggles. It is indeed busy defining a new social group whose very existence has been imposed by the state: the hispanic community. Spanish-language television appears to be a dominant player within the "Hispanic public sphere" where competing definitions of hispanicity abound. Analysing both the position of Spanish language television and the role its journalists and producers are playing as cultural producers, as well as the discourse of Hispanic television itself, sheds a new light on television's ability to legitimize non dominant views of the world; it also highlights the fact that ethnic television sells integration to its viewers and new, readily tailored consumers to its advertisers
Arrivé, Mathilde. ""Utterly Lost" ? : l'Indien et la photographie à l'épreuve de l'(anti)-modernité dans "The North American Indian" d'Edward S. Curtis." Bordeaux 3, 2009. https://extranet.u-bordeaux-montaigne.fr/memoires/diffusion.php?nnt=2009BOR30054.
Full textWhile some pervasive mythical wrap still lingers on around the name of Edward Curtis and some of his most iconic photogravures, the 20-volume encyclopedia The North American Indian (1907-1930) is a complex, unclassifiable iconotope where the photograph’s artistic and auctorial ambitions meet a vexed political question and a multifaceted cultural and technological moment. As a visual reservoir where identities and representations are imagined, produced and ultimately altered, it promotes dissonant, sometimes contradictory, visual propositions that test the resilience of the residual, 19th-century Indian imagery and negotiate the ambivalences of assimilationnist ideologies. Edward Curtis uses the myth of The Vanishing Race as a rhetorical ensign of his opus and thus builds a paradoxical monument, meant to pay the “last” tributes not only to the supposedly moribund tribal Native America, but also to the heroic ideals of the Frontier era. As a transitional and synthetic work, The North American Indian is a unique and paradigmatic example of anti-modernity, at the crossroads of “the age of confidence” and the “years of conscience”, in the interstices of romanticism and modernism, both in accordance with and in reaction to emergent, contemporary cultural and artistic dynamics. The negativity that pervades Edward Curtis’s pictorialist portraits of Indian life allows the photographer to question the value of his heritage and to tackle some of the major issues of American cultural modernity – the question of ethnicity, the meaning of tradition and memory, the bearing of the imperial past on the colonial present — and eventually to engage indirectly in the overhaul of some crucial categories of modern artistic experience – the question of authorship, the nature of graphic representation and the status of the photographic sign
Charlery, Hélène. "Les Africaines-américaines : entre deux identités : sexualisation et désexualisation des représentations journalistiques, puis cinématographiques des Africaines-américaines de 1869 à 1966." Paris 12, 2005. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002521890204611&vid=upec.
Full textLamour, Pierre-Yves. "La littérature contemporaine des indiens d'Amérique du Nord en quête d'une nouvelle identité." Paris 4, 1985. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01098460.
Full textContemporary North-American Indians write to keep and revive their identity in a changing world. Their poems or novels highlight a spleen of their own: modern American Indian writers ride on, with Winter in the blood, but Spring in the heart
Bouchet, Sala Agnès. "Transmission et transformation identitaire, l'ambivalence du programme d'enseignement général à l'Université de Stanford (1920-1998)." Paris 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA030170.
Full textCore requirements generally involve interdisciplinary study in humanities and sciences. Their aim is to provide a shared cultural heritage and intellectual experience for all undergraduate students at a particular institution. Therefore they inherently contribute to the building of a common identity. We studuy the cultural contents of four successive general education courses at Stanford University from 1920 to 1998, and give an insight on American identity in relation to its context of production. Our findings reveal a double process through which certain features of the American identity are preserved and others transformed, insuring social continuity as well as social change. Though this duality implies tensions, it is also a proof of American dynamism and adaptability to the needs of the society of a time. .
Donatien-Yssa, Patricia. ""Africobra" : esthétique et idéologie de l'expression plastique noire-américaine." Tours, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOUR2009.
Full textAfricobra, aesthetics and ideology of afro-american visual arts relates the evolution of painting and sculpture in the black community of the united states from slavery to 1960. It particularly insists on the aesthetic changes that took place during the Harlem renaissance and the revolutionary period of the 60's and 70's. This work examines the aesthetics and the ideology of the afro-american visual arts, essentially between the 60's and the 80’s. More precisely through the study of the works of the Africobra group, a group of then black artists who were deeply involved in the political struggle of the 60's and 70's and in the search for new aesthetic concepts. It also takes an active interest in the problem of the cultural identity and in the relation that exists between the ideological discourse and the pictural language, showing how the members of Africobra urged by their philosophical and political convictions have drawn from the afro-american and african traditions to create an art opened on contemporaneousness and reflecting their aesthetic aspirations
Roman, Emilie. "Le bicentenaire de la Révolution américaine : Représentations audiovisuelles de la mémoire." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM3029.
Full textGrounded on a rich audiovisual corpus, this dissertation focuses on the audiovisual representations of the commemoration of the American Revolution Bicentennial. Composed of three chapters, this work analyzes the process of memory and identity making that emerged from this anniversary. My research shows the demagogic, ideological and prophetic caracter of the commemoration, a series of events that celebrate the past in order to restore unity, form the national identity and shape the country’s future.The first chapter examines two pivotal aspects of the celebrations: in the one hand, the importance that the adverse context of the seventies played in the development of the audiovisual materials, and on the other hand, how the organizers of the events instrumentalized the past in order to reinstate the national unity. This instrumentalization led to the construction of a national mythology and the preservation of the collective memory.In the second chapter, I analyze the various national and international projects along with the public targeted or consciously forgotten by the organizers. In this chapter, the popular character of the commemoration is highlighted and I unveil the identity myth that went with it. Multiculturalism and historical context pushed the government and the organizers to imagine worldwide celebrations, and an universalization of the memory process evolving around the messianic temptation of the United States.Finally, I demonstrate how the national collective memory was remapped through a selective representation of the Revolution’s events, figures, and values using different broadcasting methods and formats adjusted to audiovisual stakes
Montalembert, de Cers Catherine de. "Matouac, l'île aux coquillages ou l'histoire triangulaire d'une colonisation." Bordeaux 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BOR30031.
Full textTifnouti, Soumaya. "L'islam noir americain : identite et nationalisme." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040045.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to analyse the role of islam as a religion and as an ideology in the black american community. Through a historical discussion of the rise and development of black american islam since slavery, we show the extent to which this religion has always been closely related to black nationalism in the united states. Also, through a field work in baltimore, maryland, we shed light on the psychological and social functions of islam in the black community. The last part of the study is devoted to an analysis of the ideological and political implications of louis farrakhan's nation of islam
Fila-Bakabadio, Sarah. "Histoire intellectuelle de l'afrocentrisme aux Etats-Unis." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0029.
Full textAfrocentrism has been part of the African American intellectual history for more than forty years. It was born in the m of the Civil Rights Movement, Black nationalisms. It is an idea as well as social practices and trains of thought due to help African Americans to renew ties to Africa In the 1990s, Afrocentrism spread thanks to the emergence of academic Afrocentrisms led by three historians: Molefi Asante, Maulana Karenga and Leonard Jeffries. It then generated concepts and cultural practices in the African American community though today, many ignore their origins. This study proposes a genealogy of the Afrocentric theses which rely 00 authors, sources and ideas borrowed from the histories of Black peoples and later adjusted to the African American social context. Additionally, it presents a sociology of Afrocentrisms in the United States which shows how African-Americans use Afrocentrism, turning it into a popular phenomenon before creating Afrocentric "milieus"
Boutet, Marjolaine. "L'identité américaine face à la guerre (1898-1991) : étude de l'évolution des récits des guerres étrangères dans les manuels d'Histoire des Etats-Unis à destination du secondaire." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009IEPP0033.
Full textThis Ph. D belongs to the fields of American studies, cultural studies, social history and mentality history. It analyses how the war narratives have evolved throughout the twentieth century in 145 American History textbooks for secondary schools published between 1901 and 1991, focusing on 5 foreign wars in which the United States have fought : the Spanish-American War, the two World Wars, the Korean War and the Vietnam War. Indeed, within the story of the building of the American nation, the narratives of foreign wars fought from the advent of the U. S. As a world power to the apogee of their power at the end of the Cold War help to understand the specificities and the evolution of the American identity throughout the twentieth century by studying the pedagogical debates, the evolution of public opinion, the one of historiography and analyzing the content of these textbooks. From 1898 to 1917, American History textbooks are vehicles of a proud and confident patriotism. From 1918 to 1939 they mirror the complex and strained relationship between Europe and the United States. From 1940 to 1964, they are ideological weapons against fascism (until 1946), and then against communism (from 1947 on). From 1965 to 1979, American History textbooks remained relatively silent on the major cultural and social issues of the 60s and 70s. In the 1980s, they portray the new multicultural consensus on American identity
Villerbu, Tangi. "Espace et nation : constructions françaises du récit de l'Ouest américain au XIXe siècle." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://books.openedition.org/pur/6251.
Full textDuring a long 19th century, many Frenchmen narrated what happened in the American West. Travellers was looking for evidence of the birth of an American nation. Tourists visited the national(ist) parks, industrialized natural spaces. Others wanted to settle : migrants, narrated their failures and successes, missionaries could imitate Jesus Christ and die working for their faith. Fenimore Cooper's novels were read by everybody, but few scientists tried to know the West more seriously. Many failed to imagine the West could have been important to understand the American identity, but on the contrary some believed the nation born in the West. Nevertheless, most of the Frenchmen knew the West by what they could read in popular literature or see in the Wild West Shows. The American nation born in France, as it born in the United States or any other country. And the narrative of the West is in the heart of that process. It's the story of a region which had to become "normal", "American". The others have no right to live in the western memory. A counter-narrative existed, in mass culture or catholic writings, but it couldn't resist at the end of the 19th century. The West had to be "American", but it was created by the North, and not by the South, and only colonial trade bound it to the nation. The American nation born through the western story as a conquering, democratic and mainly nation created by settlers and cow-boys. Nevertheless, at the end of the 19th century, this herois West seems to disappear; the story seems to end. It is impossible to narrate the future West, so the "frontier" appear to narrate its glorious past
Chanet, Jeanne. "Poétiques de l'identité : être amérindien à Cornell University." Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA070034.
Full textThe Native peoples of the Americas, and of the United States particularly, intrigue us because they challenge all our conventional conceptions of ethnic identity. Through a study of the ways students from Cornell University (NY) identify themselves as American Indians, this work proposes to examine what having recourse to Indian identity means in a predominantly non-Indian academic environment. It attempts to determine the identitary repertoires to which these students refer, and to consider the relationship they maintain with their social and ethnic background. The field of higher education reveals itself as a relevant approach to the political, strategic, and "poetic" world in which students, in quest of recognition and respect, and calling themselves American Indians, advance. It gives us the opportunity to analyze indianity in all its complexity, plurality, creativity and its relations with the Other
Berthélémy, Clémentine. "De l'ethnicité en Amérique : la mise en catégories du campus universitaire : de Buffalo à New York City, l'exemple d'un échantillon de campus de l'Etat de New York." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM3027.
Full textIn the United States, the “ethno-racial pentagon” has established itself as a major tool to define identity. Its normative aspect contributes to the process of categorizing the American social sphere into a fixed number of categories: White, African-American, Hispanic, Asian and Native American. As imprecise as the ethno-racial pentagon is, identity particularisms as well as the tensions it triggers do not seem to be enough to question its validity. As American college campuses may be described in terms of a micro-society, we looked into how identity norms manifest themselves in college and more specifically in ethnic student organizations. We primarily focused on the development, the expression, and the management of ethno-racial identity as well as the question of socialization that this topic encompasses. After conducting a field research of five campuses from New York State and a series of interviews and surveys with ethnic minority students, our findings indicate that ethnic associations tend to provide a ground for defining “ethnic boundaries” whose contours have often been outlined before college. The designation of New York State as a case study is justified by the possible impact of its racial inequalities on social interaction patterns and identity development. As a state of countless paradoxes, New York allows us to consider the issues related to racial and ethnic identity at a national level. As unique comfort zones on campus, the role that they play has proven that the Black/White dichotomy which has been structuring the American society since slavery, has not completely disappeared and that the historical color-line still exists in both mind and reality
Zisere, Bella. "La transformation de l'identité sociale des Juifs lettons après la chute de l'URSS : analyse de la mise en récit du passé." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010IEPP0082.
Full textThe demise of the Communist regime and Latvian independence has triggered considerable political changes inside the country. A number of them concerned the local Jewish community: on the one hand, it produced a massive emigration of the Latvian Jews, in particular toward Israel and the US, on the other hand, we can observe the revival of the Jewish community activity, which had been forbidden during the Soviet Era, supported by international Jewish organizations, such as Joint and the Jewish Agency for Israel. The rupture with the Soviet rule has also contributed to a revision of history, including its more difficult aspects, such as the Jewish genocide, which had led to the extermination of around 90% of Latvian Jews. As consequence, Latvian Jews have been subject to important contextual transformations: their status has evolved from that of victims of the Soviet authorities, segregated from the rest of the society, forbidden to remember (any allusion to the Holocaust was forbidden in the USSR) nor to leave the country, towards that of citizens with equal rights and recognized traumatic past. In Latvia, the official commemoration of the Holocaust was imposed during the process of democratization and European integration of the country, but was also questioned by the competing memories: while that of native Latvians focused on Soviet repressions of 1940, that of Latvian Jews denied any parallel between the Soviets and the Nazis. The immigrants, in their turn needed to integrate news societies, and therefore had to adjust to social and political transformations even faster than those who remained in Latvia
Atran-Fresco, Laura. "Les Cadiens au présent. Revendications identitaires d'une population francophone en situation minoritaire." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030028.
Full textOwing to its isolation, the Cajun population of Louisiana long succeeded in preserving its cultural identity. By the turn of the 20th century, however, an increasing movement of assimilation into the dominant Anglo-Saxon culture had profoundly changed the situation of this minority group. This allowed a significant improvement in the Cajun standard of living, but this acculturation also endangered French Louisiana culture. At the beginning of the 21st century, the preservation of Cajun linguistic and cultural heritage implies a strategy of legitimization in a context of increasing globalization, both within and outside the population, which allows it to open itself and embed into the contemporary world. This dissertation examines three of the processes implemented in today’s Cajun demands for recognition of cultural and linguistic identity. The first process pertains to Louisiana’s integration in the French-speaking world. Unlike other minority languages, Cajun French has the potential to fit into a wider French-speaking cultural complex, particularly the North American network of solidarity and partnership. The second process, which is a critical factor in the quest for legitimization, concerns the institutionalization in the public space, French immersion curriculum and higher education. The third process is youth awareness-raising, among students or in the working world, as represented in Lafayette, at the heart of French Louisiana. It is this age class that is potentially best poised to defend the future of the vernacular language and culture
Audebert, Cédric. "Les haï͏̈tiens à Miami : l'insertion socio-spatiale d'une population antillaise dans la ville étatsunienne [sic]." Antilles-Guyane, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AGUY0099.
Full textDaban, Mary. "Harmonie, identité, pragmatisme chinois chrétien en Amérique du Nord." Pau, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PAUU1001.
Full textSince China's confrontation with the West, the Chinese people have been experiencing an identity crisis which has caused a general disaffection with traditional identity. Difficulties experienced under maoi͏̈sm also contributed to rendering Chinese identity construction problematic. The philosophical void which has grown ever larger since 1966 continues to enfeeble efforts to renew ties with the humanist tradition of Chinese thought. The phenomenon of conversion of many Chinese immigrants to Christianity is quite significant in many American cities. In order to better analyse this phenomenon, we attempt to understand the principal convergence between Chinese thought and Christian thought. Through a sociological and psychosocial study, we see how the "Great Harmony" in Chinese American Christian identity construction can become a reality through the interiorisation of certain Chinese and Christian values
Leblond, Christian. "L'accord de libre-échange Nord Américain et l'identité culturelle américaine : discours économique et politique." Nice, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NICE2028.
Full textNann, Stéphanie. "Les Cambodgiens en France et aux États-Unis : une étude comparée des stratégies d'acculturation en liaison avec la satisfaction de vie et l'estime de soi." Amiens, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AMIE0010.
Full textLaurent-Audiat, Dominique. "La quête d'identité Africaine-Américaine, de l'émergence de la négritude à l'accession au Rêve Américain : "Not without laughter" Langston Hughes, "Jubilee" Margaret Walker, "The autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman" Ernest Gaines, "Dreams from my father" Barack Obama." Paris 13, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA131010.
Full textFor a long time African Americans have been confronted with a dilemma: how to exist in a society living in contradiction with the Principles of Liberty and Equality enunciated by the Founding Fathers, and how to affirm one‘s personal identity without disavowing one‘s community? This study analyzes, through literature, the long way from denial to recognition of the sacred and unalienable rights included in the Declaration of Independence. Not Without Laughter was published in 1930, at the height of the Harlem Renaissance. Jubilee and The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman were written during the second part of the twentieth century, when the Black Aesthetic movement was in vogue. Both literary movements are built on a racial pride that pervades the quest for identity of the heroes. The three novels illustrate the major stages of African American history. Barack Obama‘s autobiography, analyzed as a literary work, throws light on this study in presenting his own quest for identity at the end of the twentieth century: Dreams From My Father bears the burden of the past, but also contains the seed of change which allowed Barack Obama to reach the American Dream. Through its promise of equality, wealth and happiness, embodying the values of courage and work, this dream has developed individualism in the American society; while being inaccessible to the black people, it has developed a strong community link. This individual longing will be called ―personal identity‖, and the belonging to the community will be called ―collective identity. ‖ The African American quest for identity is constantly oscillating between these two poles, the prevalence of the one on the other reflecting historic and social evolution
Labourot, Séverine. "La lutte pour la préservation de la souveraineté et de l’identité cherokees (1838-2008)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040045.
Full textNative American identity has always been a highly controversial issue, all the more so in today’s multicultural and multiracial American society. The questions raised are often based on intermarriages, race-mixing or blood quantum, prompting the tribes to redefine their tribal identity to preserve their sovereignty: a high native blood quantum supposedly correlates with cultural authenticity or ethnic identity, while race mixing is inevitably associated with cultural loss. Originally identified as one of the five “civilized” tribes by the Europeans, who regarded their efforts to adapt and reach tribal consensus as a sign of the rapid acculturation of the tribe, the Cherokees have been fighting ever since to preserve their tribal identity and sovereignty. They chose in 2007 to adopt more radical requirements for tribal membership and disenrolled some of their long-time citizens, on an Indian blood quantum basis that they were one of the last tribe not to have considered a valid criterion for identification
Kefalidou, Charikleia Magdalini. "Mythe, symbole et identité à l’épreuve de l’entre-deux : l’écriture de l’arménité en France et aux États-Unis du début du XXe siècle à nos jours." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL155.
Full textThe present thesis focuses on the ways that writers from diaspora communities reinterpret and contextualize their Armenian ethnic background, myths ( ancient-historical and new) and symbols, problematizing exile, immigration and trauma in order to find their place in the literary field of their adoptive countries. Drawing on the diversity of Armenian diaspora communities and the variety of diasporic experiences, our aim is to reveal the procedures of reinterpretation of myths, symbols and other elements making up the Armenian ethnic identity, reterritorialized in different social and ethnic contexts, aiming to examine the evolution of this ethnic background though a diachronic perspective. Our comparative analysis deals with French and English-language writers of Armenian origin from two big diaspora communities of the West: the French-Armenian community and the Armenian-American community
Marquis, Peter. "Brooklyn et « ses » Dodgers : base-ball et construction des identités urbaines aux États-Unis, une sociohistoire (1883 - 1957)." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0056.
Full textFrom the 1880s onwards, baseball has played a great role in the shaping of urban cultures in the United States. The Dodgers, a professional team based in the New York borough of Brooklyn provide a remarkable illustration of the rarely studied interaction between urban identities, people's passion for sports and the history of entertainment businesses. From their birth in 1883 to their move to Los Angeles in 1957, the Dodgers have established themselves as Brooklyn's home-team to the extent that the two entities formed the two sides of the same coin to many. The club owners claimed that the team's identity was primarily local, while the borough's elite related it to an imagined « Brooklyn spirit » (righteous, colorful working-class and ethnically diverse), notably through its praise of the monumental Ebbets Field ballpark. This dissertation appraises the socio-historical mechanisms underpinning the making of such an homology between the city and the club. It lays special emphasis on historical longue durée and the workings of identity-formation in sports spectacles. By no means a product of essence, the city/club relationship resulted from a slow and undetermined construction emanating from both the top-down (the front-office, the press, the local elite) and the bottom-up (the fans, the players, local residents) The club was a story-telling device offering a wide range of consistent identities which enabled it to be a rallying point and facilitated its impact on major issues of its time beyond the realm of sport, such as progressivism youth training, the light against communism. Maintaining asymmetrical gender relations, or the exclusion of African-Americans
Zrann, Fatma. "La problématique identitaire dans la photographie noire américaine : de l'identité comme revendication communautaire à l'identité comme principe d'autonomie esthétique." Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA070112.
Full textThis work is a reflection of the problem of identity in photographic and more generally pictorial production. It questions Black American photographers' works and the way they portray or mask the African American reality. My aim was to study the Black identity in the sense of the African identity or African origin asserted by Black Americans and the way contemporary artists deal with it, especially in the works of Black photographers. It looks at the past and present, using various and overlapping archived images, paintings, photographs and evidence, based on real, historical or imaginary events which give an in-depth, objective analysis of complex problems related to slavery, discrimination, the existence of a Black identity and the portrayal of African Americans and other minorities in the United States in general. In the end, it's a cultural study, which looks at how Black identity takes shape across very different works in which the photographer brings into play persona! motivations and common problems
Margotton, Frédéric. "L'influence des facteurs externes sur les préférences politiques et identitaires des taïwanais." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25506/25506.pdf.
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