To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Arabic essay.
Journal articles on the topic 'Arabic essay'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Arabic essay.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Bacha, Nahla N. "L1 Use in L2 Academic Essays: A Study of L1 Arabic Writers’ Views." International Journal of English Linguistics 8, no. 2 (December 23, 2017): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v8n2p15.
Full textAbstract:
Research findings indicate conflicting views as to interference from L1 rhetorical patterns in the essays written by students whose first language is not English. Essays are still considered important for required assignments and exams in institutions of higher learning, but the challenge for L1 Arabic students is to express their ideas clearly. Although there have been studies of the use of L1 in L2 writing, there are very few rigorous ones done on L1 Arabic texts in Lebanon and specifically from the students’ viewpoint. This study aims to evaluate, holistically and analytically, according to language, organization and content, the expository academic essays written by first year university L1 Arabic students and to examine any significant correlation between these scores and the quality of these essays through content analysis. In addition, students’ perceptions of any problems they have in writing the academic essay are surveyed through a questionnaire. Results indicate a significant positive correlation between students’ essay scores and the content analysis. However, findings from the student questionnaire revealed that they do not view any significant interference from L1 nor any significant problems in writing the academic essays which are contrary to the essay scores and content analysis results. Recommendations are made for L2 contexts and future research.
2
Raizen, Michal. "Review Essay." Review of Middle East Studies 51, no. 1 (February 2017): 66–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rms.2017.29.
Full textAbstract:
The field of Middle Eastern Studies has seen a recent spate of publications that offer a timely and nuanced look at the intersection of language, ideology, and visual representation in Israel-Palestine. Scholars of cultural studies, comparative literature, history, film studies, and the visual arts will appreciate the breadth of perspective offered by a combined reading of Lital Levy's Poetic Trespass: Writing between Hebrew and Arabic in Israel/Palestine, Gil Z. Hochberg's Visual Occupations: Violence and Visibility in a Conflict Zone, and Yaron Shemer's Identity, Place, and Subversion in Contemporary Mizrahi Cinema in Israel. This cluster of studies, taken as a whole, offers a coherent critical intervention into the politics of a literary and visual field marked by silences, lacunas, blind spots, and elisions. Poetic Trespass sketches the contours of a Hebrew literary landscape inhabited by a tacit Arabic presence. With a purview that extends to literature, cinema, and the plastic arts, Visual Occupations probes the tension between systemic practices of concealment and strategic modes of lending visibility. Identity, Place, and Subversion, a powerfully articulated analysis of Mizrahi cinema, interrogates the notion that ethnic difference has become irrelevant in the context of a contemporary Israeli melting pot.
3
Marzuq, Ahmad. "Grammatical Errors in the Arabic Essay (Content Analysis Research on the Student of Arabic Language Education Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of Jakarta)." Al-Ma'rifah 12, no. 02 (October 2, 2015): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/almakrifah.12.02.03.
Full textAbstract:
This research is aimed to describing the gramatical errors on the text that committed by the students of Arabic Language and Literature Department, Faculty of Language and Arts, State University of Jakarta. Grammatical errors in this case covering morphological errors and syntactic errors. Data obtained through an Arabic essay writing activities performed by 25 students and then the data were analyzed using the method of error analysis.
The results showed that 25 students essays founded 68 grammatical errors. These grammatical errors consist of 38 syntax errors and 30 morphological errors.
Grammatical errors made ​​by students can be caused by several factors such as the influence of the mother tongue / first, the influence of the second language being studied, as well as the influence of developmental errors.
Keywords:gramatical errors, morphological errors, syntactic errors, arabic essay
4
Al-Jallad, Ahmad. "The Arabic of the Islamic conquests: notes on phonology and morphology based on the Greek transcriptions from the first Islamic century." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 80, no. 3 (October 2017): 419–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0041977x17000878.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis paper attempts to reconstruct aspects of the phonology and morphology of the Arabic of the Islamic conquests on the basis of Greek transcriptions in papyri of the first Islamic century. The discussion includes phonemic and allophonic variation in consonants and vowels, and nominal morphology. The essay concludes with a discussion on possible Aramaic and South Arabian influences in the material, followed by a short appendix with remarks on select Arabic terms from the pre-Islamic papyri.
5
Jumah-Alaso, Salih Muhammad, and Abdullahi Shehu Onisabi. "Improving the Teaching of Arabic Through the Effective Use of YouTube." Hijai - Journal on Arabic Language and Literature 3, no. 2 (September 30, 2020): 98–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.15575/hijai.v3i2.7918.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines ways of improving Arabic's teaching and learning process by applying YouTube video clips as audio-visual aids. Eighteen Arabic students in Kaduna State College of Education and Kwara State University constituted the study sample. A descriptive method with Pre-test and Post-test was conducted. Data were collected through the essay writing, translation, and structure test. The data were analyzed through the descriptive statistics of frequency (f) and percentage (%). The study findings revealed that the subjects performed better and demonstrated linguistic communicative competence in Arabic. Finally, the study recommends that YouTube videos should be integrated into the Arabic teaching-learning process.
6
Alsulami, Sumayyah Qaed. "Partial Immersion Program for Saudi Bilinguals." English Language Teaching 10, no. 2 (January 21, 2017): 150. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v10n2p150.
Full textAbstract:
English is taught as a foreign language in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Although the government tries gradually to integrate teaching English in all grades: secondary, intermediate and elementary, learning English is still limited and need more developing. This essay is a brief review about bilingualism in Saudi education. This essay will be divided into three sections. The first section will describe the Saudi bilingual context through three dimensions: language competence, late bilingualism, and individual bilingualism. The following section will define bilingualism with regard to the Saudi context. The last section will discuss the appropriate educational program for Saudi bilinguals and the implications of this educational program incorporating Arabic and English.
7
Colla, Elliott. "Revisiting the Question of the Novel/Nation." Journal of Palestine Studies 46, no. 2 (2017): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jps.2017.46.2.76.
Full textAbstract:
In this essay, Arabic literature specialist and Arabic-English translator Elliott Colla explores the relationship between the novel and the nation, and reviews Bashir Abu-Manneh's ambitious and original contribution to the study of Palestinian literature.
8
Al-Mallah, Majd. "Classical Arabic Poetry in Contemporary Studies: A Review Essay." Journal of Arabic Literature 44, no. 2 (January 1, 2013): 240–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1570064x-12341267.
Full text
9
Adel Almahameed, Nusaiba, Renad Mohammad Abbadi, and Atef Adel Almahameed. "Between Languages and Cultures: Arabic into English Transliteration in English Travel Literature." International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature 6, no. 6 (September 1, 2017): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.6n.6p.235.
Full textAbstract:
This essay aspires to examine the use of transliteration of some words and phrases from Arabic to English in travel literature books. This has been conducted by exploring the transliterated Arabic words and phrases, and comparing the different transliterations of the same words and phrases by different writers. It investigates the way that the travel writers employ in making plural nouns, the use of the definite article (Al) (ال), and Al-tashdid (the duplication of a letter). The conclusion drawn is that travel literature writers resort to transliteration for three reasons; one of the main reasons is that sometimes there is no one-to-one correspondence; the second main reason suggests that transliteration avoids the loss of meaning; and the third one stems from the fact that transliteration helps to find transculturation between cultures. The contributions of this essay would be of concern to scholars, who are interested in Arabic into English transliteration, specifically in English travel literature. According to the researchers’ knowledge, this essay can be considered a leading pioneer study in the field that deals with transliteration from Arabic into English in English travel literature.
10
Sudaryanto, Sudaryanto. "Arabic: short history, field of usage, and vocabulary entered in the Indonesian language." Hortatori : Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia 1, no. 1 (July 25, 2019): 92–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.30998/jh.v1i1.41.
Full textAbstract:
This essay discusses three fundamental issues about the Arabic language, which is (1) a brief history of the entry of Arabic to the Archipelago, (2) the field of use of the Arabic language, and (3) Arabic vocabulary that goes into Indonesian. At the end of the 15th Century AD, estimated Arabic brought by Arab traders, both derived from Hadramaut and of Persia. The use of Arabic in the field of Indonesian mostly related to religious life (Islam). As for the Arabic vocabulary that goes into Indonesian, among others, akhlak, amal, azab, akhirat, ayat, ilmu, ibadah, infak, insyaf, iman, imam, khilaf, khotbah, kitab, kalam, zaman, dan zina.
11
Mehl, Scott. "Early Twentieth-Century Terms for New Verse Forms (‘free verse’ and others) in Japanese and Arabic." Studia Metrica et Poetica 2, no. 1 (July 7, 2015): 81–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/smp.2015.2.1.04.
Full textAbstract:
In the first half of the twentieth century, when Japanese and Arabic poets began writing free-verse poetry, many terms were proposed as labels for the new form. In addition to the calques on “free verse,” neologisms were created to name the new poetry. What is striking is that, in these two quite different literary spheres, a number of the proposed neologisms were the same: for example, in both Japanese and Arabic the terms prose poetry, modern poetry, and colloquial poetry were proposed (among others) as alternatives to the label free poetry. This essay provides an annotated list of the neologisms in Japanese and Arabic, with a list of English terms for comparison; and by referring to the contemporary Japanese and Arabic criticism on the topic of poetic innovation, this essay attempts to explain the similarity between the Japanese and Arabic neologisms. In short, the Japanese and Arabophone arguments in favour of adapting the free-verse form were based on similar premises regarding modernity, freedom, and a vision of literary history that was rooted in an evolutionary theory of genre development.
12
al-Musawi, Muhsin J. "Canons, Thefts, and Palimpsests in the Arabic Literary Tradition." Journal of Arabic Literature 51, no. 3-4 (August 20, 2020): 165–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1570064x-12341407.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract The purpose of this essay is to explain and also problematize the reasons behind my use of intertextual interaction as an inclusive term that cuts across time and space. With regard to Arabic literary production, ancient and modern, this inclusive term recalls a similar classical and pre-modern understanding of textual engagements as manifestations of textual subordination, anxiety, empowerment, competitiveness, and supremacy. Therefore, the present essay associates this understanding with Arab philologists’ theories of plagiarism. What came once under the rubric of plagiarism has a shared register, parlance, and postulates with current intertextual practices. Both address textual tapestries and matrices whereby threads are woven in an intricate manner. Over time, words, meanings, motifs, and thence theorizations form a constellation. The essay explores a number of Arabic novels of the third millennium as examples of this textual engagement not only with Arabic literary tradition, but also with texts from the global south. Such a substantial and visible textual appropriation invites this critical intervention which, in turn, is bound in dialogue with contemporary literary forays that reflect on texts as tissues of quotations.
13
Abbas, Jasim Mohammed, Muhammad Subakir Mohd. Yasin, and Kemboja Ismail. "Arabic Language Influence on the Iraqi EFL Tertiary Learners’ Use of Grammatical Cohesive Devices in their Argumentative Essays." European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 6, no. 1 (April 30, 2016): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v6i1.p56-64.
Full textAbstract:
This study intends to shed light on the significant role that language rhetoric and cultural differences play in affecting the EFL learners’ written discourse. Thus, it investigates the effects of Arabic language as a mother tongue (L1) on the use of English grammatical cohesive devices in the argumentative essays of 20 Iraqi EFL tertiary students in their third year study in English Department, College of Arts, Al Iraqiya University. By identifying Arabic rhetoric and the cultural differences that are involved in the students’ use of grammatical cohesion, it will be able to determine which types of grammatical cohesion are actually influenced and which are more affected. In addition, it intends to identify the effects of Arabic as L1 through exploring the Iraqi students’ appropriate and inappropriate uses of English grammatical cohesive devices in their argumentative essays. To achieve this, it employed two writing tests: pre and post as well as a background educational questionnaire. First, a background educational questionnaire was administered on 90 students. It included some questions which asked the participants about the usefullness and role of Arabic writing in general and grammatical cohesion in specific in their English essays. Next, a diagnostic test, including two topics, was given to the participants and they were asked to choose one of them in order to write an argumentative essay. The purpose of this test was to elicit information about the students’ ability to use appropriately the different types of grammatical cohesion in their argumentative essays. For post- pre-test, the participants received a training in cohesion and coherence similar to CATW approach in which they were trained, in a whole semester, on way to read a passage critically and make a paraphrase and then write an argumentative essay based on this paraphrasing. At the end of the semester, they sat for a final test in which two reading passages were given to the students and they were asked to write an argumentative based on them. The findings of the two writing tests, based on a qualitative content analysis, indicated that the participants, in the final test, used more appropriate uses of the four types of grammatical devices (reference, substitution, ellipsis and conjunctions). Based on a contrastive analysis, the results also revealed that the influence of Arabic in the pre test was very clear. In contrast, the influence of L1 in the final test was considerably less than that in the pre-test. Additionally, the results of the questionnaire showed that Arabic writing and its grammatical cohesive devices have a big influence on the use of English grammatical devices in the students’ argumentative essays.
14
Bassal, Ibrahim. "HEBREW AND ARAMAIC ELEMENTS IN THE ISRAELI VERNACULAR CHRISTIAN-‐ARABIC AND IN THE WRITTEN CHRISTIAN ARABIC OF PALESTINE, SYRIA, AND LEBANON." Levantine Review 4, no. 1 (May 1, 2015): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.6017/lev.v4i1.8721.
Full textAbstract:
This essay examines the Hebrew and Aramaic residues in the Arabic vernacular spoken by Israeli Christians and the written Arabic of Christians in the Holy Land, Syria, and Lebanon. The corpus of the spoken Christian-Arabic under consideration here is based on cassette recordings of elderlies who live in Christian villages in northern Israel - namely in Fassuta, Me’ilya, Tarshiha, Bqe’a, Jiish, Kufir Yasif, Ekreth, Bir’im, Ibilleen and Shfa’amir.The corpus of the written Christian-Arabic being reviewed is based mainly on folk tales, poems, proverbs, dictionaries, Bible translations, books of interpretations, and liturgical sources.
15
Soltan, Usama. "On issues of Arabic syntax: An essay in syntactic argumentation." Brill's Annual of Afroasiatic Languages and Linguistics 3, no. 1 (September 1, 2011): 236–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/187666311x562486.
Full text
16
Putra, Apria. "Ulama Minangkabau dan Sastra: Mengkaji Kepengarangan Syekh Abdullatif Syakur Balai Gurah." Diwan : Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra Arab 9, no. 1 (July 18, 2017): 601–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15548/diwan.v9i1.133.
Full textAbstract:
This article encompasses a study of the Sheikh Abdullatif Syakur’s authorship, particularly literary valuable essays. This study departs from the productivity of Sheikh Abdullatif in composing Arabic and Minangkabau with uslub literature. Syekh Abdullatif Syakur's works are interesting to study for several considerations, (1) high intensity in teaching Arabic and recitations of the Qur'an with various methods, (2) his proximity to the tradition of society shown by his essay in the form of nazham, (3) his tenacity in teaching and preaching, and (4) his passion for reading literary texts. Based on that, this study discusses two of Syekh Abdullatif Syakur literary works, namely the book of Khitabah and Nazham Nasehat. The authorship of Sheikh Abdullatif was influenced by several aspects, including his interest in Arabic, his desire to provide knowledge to the community, social conditions in his hometown, the productivity of his teacher in Mecca, and reading books that became his amusement.
17
Moghazy, Mohamed. "Linguistic Analysis of Some Errors of Arabic-Turkish Writing: A Case Study of Arabic Learner in Dubai." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 4, no. 5 (May 30, 2021): 144–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2021.4.5.14.
Full textAbstract:
This research focuses on the phonetic distinctions between Arabic and Turkish and the student's work. Based on ACTFL writing competence requirements, the morphological and syntactical differences between Arabic and Turkish in writing an essay about the student's summer vacation. Also, what is the impact of L1 on L2 and L3 writing proficiency? Additionally, the phonological and morphological differences between Arabic and Turkish, and syntactical variations in Arabic and Turkish. Lastly, a grade 11 trilingual IB student is a case study of the research. Also, CBI (content-based instruction method) and different methods could help students enhance their writing proficiency.
18
Selove, Emily. "Medicine, Mujūn, and Microcosm in Ḥikāyat Abī l-Qāsim al-Baghdādī." Journal of Abbasid Studies 2, no. 2 (November 6, 2015): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22142371-12340016.
Full textAbstract:
In this essay, connections between medieval medicine and medieval Arabic literary banquets are investigated on the basis of the Arabic commentaries on the Hippocratic Aphorisms on the one hand and passages fromḤikāyat Abī l-Qāsimon the other. Intersections between these two kinds of texts describing the advantages and disadvantages of wine explain the contemporary wisdom behind comical medical speeches.
19
VAN RUYMBEKE, CHRISTINE. "Dimna's Trial andApologiain Kashifī'sAnvār-i Suhaylī. Morality's Place in the Corrupt Trial of a Rhetorical and Dialectical Genius." Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 26, no. 4 (July 7, 2016): 549–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1356186314000844.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis essay challenges the received idea that Ibn al-Muqaffa‘, the eighth-century Arabic translator of the Kalīla-Dimna fables, added the Trial of Dimna, the sequel to the first story of the Lion and the Bull, in order to let morality win in the end. The analysis of this sequel's synopsis shows the absence of morality and how the ruler uses the judicial to manipulate public opinion and to redress his politically-damaged image. The essay also shows that the sequel's main purpose and use is to give a practical demonstration of the art of forensic rhetoric, casting Dimna as a pre-eminent and redoubtable sophist. TheAnvār-i Suhaylīversion, the fifteenth-century Persian rewriting by Vā’iz Kāshifī, on which the essay is based, also engages with the philosophical conundrum oftasdīq, which seems absent in the Arabic versions of the text.
20
Fakhreddine, Huda J. "Arabic Poetry in the Twenty-First Century: Translation and Multilingualism." Journal of Arabic Literature 52, no. 1-2 (April 16, 2021): 147–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1570064x-12341423.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This paper examines the work of a sample of contemporary Arab prose poets whose poetic investments exceed the linguistic parameters of previous generations. Unlike the pioneers of the prose poem in Arabic in the early 1960s, the poets of this generation are not interested in interrogating Arabic poetic language or reimagining Arabic literary history. Instead, these poets embrace the Arabic literary tradition as an open multi-generic practice exercised in the space between multiple literary and linguistic traditions. This essay shows how their deliberate detachment from the Arabic poetic tradition, as well as from the inheritance of the early modernists, reveals a relationship with the Arabic language that differs from that of their predecessors. Their poetry is thus born translated: it is multilingual and exophonic in its motivations.
21
Borg, Alexander. "From Etymology to Diachrony. The Semantics of ḫwj ‘to protect’ in Old Egyptian and Bedouin Arabic." Lingua Aegyptia - Journal of Egyptian Language Studies 27 (2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37011/lingaeg.27.01.
Full textAbstract:
This word study sets out to exemplify the aims and methods of a comparative linguistic approach to the prehistory of the Arabic language conducted against an Afroasiatic backdrop. Drawing on the lexical corpus of the modern Arabic vernaculars, it explores phonological and semantic correlations linking Old Egyptian ḫwj ‘to protect’ attested in the Pyramid texts from the 3rd millennium BC to its proposed Arabic cognates in modern Bedouin vernaculars. The database and commentary adduced in this essay proffer further support for the scenario presented in Borg (2019) arguing for symbiotic interaction between Ancient Egyptian and the Old Arabic phenotype that yielded the modern dialects of this Semitic world language.
22
Rashed, Roshdi. "L'ANGLE DE CONTINGENCE: UN PROBLÈME DE PHILOSOPHIE DES MATHÉMATIQUES." Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 22, no. 1 (February 27, 2012): 1–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0957423911000087.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractFrom Euclid to the second half of the 17th century, mathematicians as well as philosophers continued to raise the question of the angle of contact and, generally, of the concept of angle. This article is the first essay devoted to this subject in Arabic mathematics. It deals with Greek writings translated into Arabic on the one hand, and contributions of Arabic mathematicians on the other hand: al-Nayrīzī, Ibn al-Haytham, al-Samawʾal, al-Shīrāzī, al-Fārisī, al-Qūshjī, among others. Most of these contributions are hitherto unknown.
23
Gutas, Dimitri. "The Study of Arabic Philosophy in the Twentieth Century An Essay on the Historiography of Arabic Philosophy." British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 29, no. 1 (May 2002): 5–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13530190220124043.
Full text
24
Ganguly, Debjani. "Polysystems Redux: The Unfinished Business of World Literature." Cambridge Journal of Postcolonial Literary Inquiry 2, no. 2 (August 3, 2015): 272–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/pli.2015.15.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractIn responding to Muhsin al-Musawi’s two-part essay on the Arabic Republic of Letters, this essay proposes a rethinking of the world systems model in global literary studies in terms of a polysystems framework. Rather than trying to fit literary worlds—ancient, premodern, modern—within a single Euro-chronological frame culminating in a world capitalist systems model—where the non-European worlds appear as invariably inferior—it is worthwhile to see them as several polysystems with variable valences within a heterotemporal planetary literary space. This approach offers a comparative reading of the emergence of three language worlds—Sanskrit, Persian, and Arabic—and urges us to rethink the totality of the world literary space as a diachronic field that generates overlapping, multiscalar, comparative histories of literary polysystems.
25
Shore, Paul. "An Early Jesuit Encounter with the Qur’an." American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 34, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajiss.v34i1.272.
Full textAbstract:
The manuscipt Animadversiones, Notae ac Disputationes in Pestilentem Alcoranum is an almost entirely unknown translation of the Qur'an into baroque Latin completed by the Jesuit priest Ignazio Lomellini in 1622, of which only one copy exists. It is accompanied by extensive commentaries and includes a complete text of the Qur’an in Arabic and numerous marginalia. It is, therefore, one of the earliest complete translations of the Qur’an into a western European language and a crucial document of the encounter between western Christianity and Islam in the early modern period. This essay examines Lomellini’s understanding of Arabic and, specifically, of the cultural and religious underpinnings of Qur’anic Arabic. Special attention is given to his lexical choices. This essay also deals with the document’s intended audience, the resources upon which he drew (including the library of his patron, Cardinal Alessandro Orsini), and the manuscript’s relationship to the Jesuits’ broader literary and missionary efforts. Finally, it asks why scholars, particularly those who study the history of the Jesuits, have ignored this manuscript and its author.
26
Shore, Paul. "An Early Jesuit Encounter with the Qur’an." American Journal of Islam and Society 34, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v34i1.272.
Full textAbstract:
The manuscipt Animadversiones, Notae ac Disputationes in Pestilentem Alcoranum is an almost entirely unknown translation of the Qur'an into baroque Latin completed by the Jesuit priest Ignazio Lomellini in 1622, of which only one copy exists. It is accompanied by extensive commentaries and includes a complete text of the Qur’an in Arabic and numerous marginalia. It is, therefore, one of the earliest complete translations of the Qur’an into a western European language and a crucial document of the encounter between western Christianity and Islam in the early modern period. This essay examines Lomellini’s understanding of Arabic and, specifically, of the cultural and religious underpinnings of Qur’anic Arabic. Special attention is given to his lexical choices. This essay also deals with the document’s intended audience, the resources upon which he drew (including the library of his patron, Cardinal Alessandro Orsini), and the manuscript’s relationship to the Jesuits’ broader literary and missionary efforts. Finally, it asks why scholars, particularly those who study the history of the Jesuits, have ignored this manuscript and its author.
27
Shachmon, Ori. "Ḥalabi Arabic as a Contact Dialect in Jerusalem." Journal of Jewish Languages 5, no. 1 (June 15, 2017): 49–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134638-12340077.
Full textAbstract:
This essay presents the main characteristics of a variety of Jerusalem Arabic, which was spoken in Jerusalem in the first half of the 20th century by Jews of North-Syrian origin, and also by others who conformed to this way of speech. The description provided is based on new evidence collected in 2012–2013 through interviews with elderly Jews who grew up in Jerusalem in the 1930s and 1940s. Growing up in mandatory Jerusalem, they mixed and socialized freely with their Christian and Muslim neighbors. Many of them heard the Arabic dialect of Aleppo at home, yet their home-dialect went through processes of linguistic accommodation, resulting in a contact variety which evidently differs from standard Jerusalem Arabic. Throughout this article I discuss a series of distinctive phonological, morphological, and lexical features, and discuss them vis-à-vis the standard dialect of Jerusalem and also in comparison with Aleppo Arabic. While many differences follow from the retention of substrate features in the language of the immigrants, this Jewish variety is by no means identical to any Syrian dialect. Rather, it is a contact dialect which emerged after the immigration to Jerusalem and which differs from Syrian Arabic in several prominent aspects. The linguistic analysis of the materials demonstrates the spread of features of the local dialect at the expense of others, as well as the emergence of fudged linguistic forms, which are identical neither to those of the local standard nor to those of the input dialect.The last section of this essay offers two full-length texts, demonstrating the Ḥalabi variety of Jerusalem Arabic (hereafter:ḥja) in its natural context.
28
Ricci, Ronit. "Reading between the Lines." Journal of World Literature 1, no. 1 (2016): 68–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24056480-00101008.
Full textAbstract:
Interlinear translations from Arabic into Malay and Javanese have been produced in Southeast Asia since at least the sixteenth century. Such translations included an Arabic original with its lines spaced out on the page and a word for word translation appearing between the lines, attempting to replicate the Arabic down to the smallest detail. This essay engages with the theme of World Literature and translation by (1) considering the interlinear text as microcosm: a world of intent and priorities, of a transfer of meaning, of grammar and syntax in translation, of choices and debates, and (2) by thinking of Arabic writing during an earlier period as a world literature sought after in many regions, whose translation in diverse forms and tongues had a vast impact on languages and literary cultures.
29
Ammar, Adzfar. "URGENSI KEBIJAKAN SKRIPSI BERBAHASA ARAB SEBAGAI MEDIA PENINGKATAN MUTU MAHASISWA JURUSAN PENDIDIKAN BAHASA ARAB." al Mahāra: Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Arab 2, no. 2 (December 19, 2016): 50–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/almahara.2016.022-03.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to determine the factors that cause a student in Arabic Education of UIN Sunan Kalijaga prefer to write the their thesis are in the Indonesian language, the reason is not mandatory thesis in Arabic in the Department of Arabic Language Education of UIN Sunan Kalijaga and formulate a package of measures to improve the quality of graduates by improving the quality essay. This research is descriptive qualitative, is a research field where research in the Department of Arabic Language Education and Teaching Faculty Tarbiyah UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta. Methods of data collection in the form of questionnaires and interview guidelines. The source data comes from students who are or have written thesis and the leadership of the Department of Arabic Language Education UIN Sunan Kalijaga as stakeholders. The results showed there are eight factors that cause students of the Department of Arabic Language Education UIN Sunan Kalijaga prefer to write the thesis they are in the Indonesian language, there are four reasons to consider not mandatory thesis in Arabic in the Department of Arabic Language Education UIN Sunan Kalijaga and the third package of measures thesis Arabic for improve the quality of graduates, accompanied by step realization of each activity.
30
Saliba, George. "Essay Review: Arabic Astronomy in Byzantium, the Astronomical Works of Gregory Chioniades." Journal for the History of Astronomy 21, no. 2 (May 1990): 211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002182869002100204.
Full text
31
Dallal, Ahmad. "Essay Review: Arabic Studies Assembled, Arabic Mathematical Sciences: Instruments, Texts, Transmission, Astronomy and Astrology in the Medieval Islamic World." Journal for the History of Astronomy 32, no. 4 (November 2001): 362–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002182860103200407.
Full text
32
Naous, Mazen. "The Anglo-Arabic Poetics of “Locksley Hall”: Importation, Oscillation, and Disorientation." Hawliyat 15 (June 26, 2018): 9–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.31377/haw.v15i0.49.
Full textAbstract:
Considerable scholarly attention has been given to Alfred Lord Tennyson's poem, "Locksley Hall," in relation to one of its main sources, the "Mu'allaqa" of Imru' al-Qais, but scarcely any has been paid to the comparative aspects of the two poems. This essay engages Tennyson 's debt to the "Mu 'allaqa"—its meter, imagery, and themes— in writing "Locksley Hall, " and traces the modifications of al-Qais's poetics as they travel from one culture to another. The essay argues that Tennyson's borrowing—importing—of the "Mu'allaqa's" more salient poetics reveals much about "Locksley Hall's " speaker and his representations of his cousin Amy. Ironically, these representations include the orientalization, exoticization, and commodification of Amy in order to render her inferior to the speaker even while the poem relies on the pre-lslamic poetics of the "Mu 'allaqa. "
33
EL SHAKRY, OMNIA. "THE ARABIC FREUD: THE UNCONSCIOUS AND THE MODERN SUBJECT." Modern Intellectual History 11, no. 1 (March 5, 2014): 89–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1479244313000346.
Full textAbstract:
This essay considers how Freud traveled in postwar Egypt through an exploration of the work of Yusuf Murad, the founder of a school of thought within the psychological and human sciences, and provides a close study of the journal he co-edited,Majallat ʿIlm al-Nafs. Translating and blending key concepts from psychoanalysis and psychology with classical Islamic concepts, Murad put forth a dynamic and dialectical approach to selfhood that emphasized the unity of the self, while often insisting on an epistemological and ethical heterogeneity from European psychoanalytic thought, embodied in a rejection of the dissolution of the self and of the death drive. In stark contrast to the so-called “tale of mutual ignorance” between Islam and psychoanalysis, the essay traces a tale of historical interactions, hybridizations, and interconnected webs of knowledge production between the Arab world and Europe. Moving away from binary models of selfhood as either modern or traditional, Western or non-Western, it examines the points of condensation and divergence, and the epistemological resonances that psychoanalytic writings had in postwar Egypt. The coproduction of psychoanalytic knowledge across Arab and European knowledge formations definitively demonstrates the outmoded nature of historical models that presuppose originals and bad copies of the global modern subject—herself so constitutively defined by the presence of the unconscious.
34
Zilio-Grandi, Ida. "The virtue of tolerance: Notes on the root s-m-ḥ in the Islamic tradition." Philosophy & Social Criticism 45, no. 4 (January 17, 2019): 429–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0191453718823025.
Full textAbstract:
Starting from the semantic difference between the Arabic terms samāḥa or tasāmuḥ, and the Latin tolerantia, this essay proposes some observations on the Islamic notion of tolerance according to some contemporary Arabic language texts of Islamic inspiration. This literature invariably emphasises the importance of tolerance in the context of the Islamic religion and thought; and, notwithstanding some evident differences among the authors, relating to schools and to varying degrees of openness to Western thought, the discourse remains anchored in the foundational literature, especially the Sunnah of the Prophet.
35
García-Arenal, Mercedes. "The Religious Identity of the Arabic Language and the Affair of the Lead Books of the Sacromonte of Granada." Arabica 56, no. 6 (2009): 495–528. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/057053909x12544602282277.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThis article deals, in the first place, with the religious identity of the Arabic language as defined by the ongoing debate, in 16th-17th century Spain, about its identification with Islam. Many new Christians of Muslim origin (Moriscos) tried to break this identification in an effort to salvage part of their culture, and specially the language, by separating it from Islam. I will argue that the Morisco forgery known as the Lead Books of the Sacromonte in Granada—an Arabic Evangile dictated by the Virgin Mary to Arabic disciples who came to Spain with the Apostle Saint James—was part of this effort. When the Lead Books were taken to the Vatican to be informed, they were studied by Maronite scholars who decided that they were written in “Muslim Arabic” and therefore could not be authentic Christian texts. The Maronites were engaged in creating and consolidating their own version of Christian Arabic to define and legitimise their own position inside the Roman world. The second part of the essay adresses the theological considerations and the defence of different cultural identities which are implied in these different versions of Arabic.
36
Stanton, Anna Ziajka. "Vulgar Pleasures." Journal of World Literature 6, no. 1 (September 24, 2020): 45–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24056480-20201002.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This essay examines Richard Francis Burton’s The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night (1885–1888), an English translation of the Arabic Alf Laylah wa-Laylah stories that was enormously popular in its own time and continues to be widely admired today – despite the fact that Burton plagiarized extensively from the work of another translator. I argue that Burton’s Nights is neither a faithful nor an original translation of the Arabic stories, but rather an English text whose aesthetic enjoyment is proffered as an affective engagement with the literary aesthetics of the source text, translated through Burton’s own pleasurable experiences of Arabic literary language. Framing the reception of Burton’s Nights, through the Arabic concept of ṭarab, as a process of iterative cycles of pleasure that move between the translator and his readers, I contend that what makes Burton’s Nights enjoyable to read also makes it scandalous to the world literary system within which it has circulated.
37
Fadhil, Muhammad. "الكلمات الجاوية ذات أصل قرآني في كتاب الإبرز لمعرفة القرآن العزيز والاستفادة منها في تعليم اللغة العربية للجاويين من جزء 3 إلى 8." Rayah Al-Islam 3, no. 02 (October 28, 2019): 127–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37274/rais.v3i02.55.
Full textAbstract:
Many Javanese Vocabularies are used in the Javanese community in its daily conversation and concept. Basically words that are taken for the Al-Quran, from this point, this research aims to point out the Javanese Vocabulary that originates from the Al-Quran and is also aimed to show how to use these words in teaching Arabic in the Javanese community.The researcher used the analytical descriptive method, whith this method the researcher gathered and analysed fifty four Javanese words that originated from Al-Quran from chapter 3 until 8 from Kitab Al Ibriz Li Marifati Al-Quran Al-Aziz, then the researcher classified these words into 4 parts based on the change of new meanings after entering the Javanese language namely: 1). Arabic Vocabulary that contains the same meaning in Javanese language. 2). Arabic Vocabulary that has a narrowed meaning in Javanese language. 3). Arabic Vocabulary that experience an expansion of meaning in Javanese language. 4). Arabic Vocabulary that undergoes a change of meaning in Javanese language.This essay shows that the Javanese words taken from the Al-Quran is able to be used in teaching Arabic to the Javanese by making reading materials conversations, writing sentences and making exam questions aimed to know the student’s understanding.
38
Al-Azhri, A.-Zaeem, and Abdulmahmood Idriss Ibrahim. "Characteristics of Arabic Alphabets: with Special Reference to the Role of the Letter [kha – [خ as Dustbin in the Arabic Language." International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature 8, no. 2 (March 31, 2019): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.8n.2p.45.
Full textAbstract:
This paper is shedding light on the significance and functions of some of the Arabic alphabets. An Arabic letter is found to play an effective role in expressing the speaker or the writer’s target meaning. Our concern here is with the letter [kha - خ], phonetically transcribed as /X/.The discussion in this essay will focus on one strange phenomenon; that this letter is playing a unique role in Arabic. It is found to be associated with almost all the ugly words and dirty jobs in the Arabic language. Its work is similar to the function of the dustbin, where all the house garbage is collected. From 285 root words begins with this letter, it is found that 85% of the words are carrying negative connotative or denotative meanings. To the best of the researchers’ knowledge – there is no similar letter found to play the same role, in any other language as this letter [ خ], does in Arabic. With this result the researchers can showhow rich and lively this language is. The Arabic language has great potentials to maintain survival, shoulder to shoulder, with other living languages of the world. It is also expected to play - with some efforts from its speakers and its linguists - an effective role in the recent human history.
39
Sacks, Jeffrey. "The Philological Thesis." boundary 2 48, no. 1 (February 1, 2021): 65–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/01903659-8821437.
Full textAbstract:
This essay addresses the principal form and practice for linguistic domination, philology, to draw out a sense in which philology discombobulates the stabilizing terms it privileges and sends out at the world. This essay traces several moments in a history of the disorganization of linguistic and social form—in the poetic writing of Paul Celan and the Arabic-language translations of Celan offered by the Iraqi poet Khālid al-Ma‘ālī; in Walter Benjamin’s essayistic writing on language and the law; in the tenth-century Arabic-language philosopher Abū Naṣr al-Fārābī; and in Aristotle’s Metaphysics—to suggest the ways in which philology becomes a practice for linguistic indistinction and indefinition. Because language, as philology, ceases to be subordinated to its ends (history, sense, the subject), it becomes a discordant social form; because it disorders the terms privileged in the modern institutions for reading, it speaks to us of a form of life that is obscured in the privileging of the ends to which language is, repeatedly, constrained to be understood.
40
Hill, Michael Gibbs. "Reading Distance: Port Louis, Cairo, Beijing." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 135, no. 5 (October 2020): 859–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2020.135.5.859.
Full textAbstract:
This essay uses a case study of Lin Shu (1852-1924) and(1876-1924) to argue for an approach to world literature called “reading distance.” Through a close reading of Lin Shu's andtranslations of Jacques-Henri Bernardin de Saint-Pierre'sPaul et Virginie (Paul and Virginia)into Chinese and Arabic and a consideration of their work as translators and intellectuals, the essay reads between peripheries—places like Cairo and Beijing—to understand how intellectuals in those places grappled with difficult questions concerning translation, language reform, and changes in reading publics. By thinking with models of distant reading but also engaging with materials that are usually excluded from those models, the essay examines an important point of overlap in the intellectual and cultural histories of the Arab and Chinese enlightenments of the early twentieth century.
41
Elhariry, Yasser. "f." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 131, no. 5 (October 2016): 1274–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2016.131.5.1274.
Full textAbstract:
This essay argues that there remains a far way to go before the translingual complexities of contemporary francophone poetry are exhausted. It introduces a new, different constellation of international poets, essayists, and translators to bear on the question of language choice as a means of creative expression. Building on the debates over franco-Arabic textual bilingualism that began in the 1980s, it presents close readings of translations by Salah Stétié and of original poetic compositions by Ryoko Sekiguchi. Two translational moments that foil, in french script, a deeper Arabic intertext show how literature and criticism work in multilingual situations, as they transform literary language through the aspiration of a single phonemic consonant—f.
42
Fakhreddine, Huda J. "“Teaching the Abbasid Muḥdathūn at the Global Turn”1." Journal of Medieval Worlds 1, no. 4 (2019): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jmw.2019.1.4.45.
Full textAbstract:
This essay addresses the challenges of teaching the poetry of the Abbasid modernizers (muḥdathūn) in a global context. The historicist approach to Arabic poetry in general, and to pre-modern Arabic poetry in particular, makes it difficult to engage with the work of these revolutionary poets poetically. A creative and comparatist approach to translation and an insistence on foregrounding this poetry’s relevance beyond its historical moment are ways of overcoming the hegemony of the historical imperative and inviting students to connect with this body of literature rhetorically and creatively. My observations are grounded in readings of samples from the work of Abbasid poets Abū Nuwās (d. 815) and Abū Tammām (d.845).
43
Gana, Nouri. "Afteraffect." Representations 143, no. 1 (2018): 118–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rep.2018.143.1.118.
Full textAbstract:
This essay discusses the politics of affect in post-1967 Arabic literary and cultural production. It argues that melancholia’s underappreciated swerve from normative structures of power and mourning is a threshold moment of critical and cultural enablement in the Arab world, where the nexus between proxy and settler colonialisms continues to produce and reproduce almost all aspects of literature and culture.
44
Aref, Mohammed. "Roshdi Rashed." Contemporary Arab Affairs 11, no. 1-2 (March 1, 2018): 279–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/caa.2018.000016.
Full textAbstract:
This review essay introduces the work of the Egyptian scientific historian and philosopher Roshdi Rashed, a pioneer in the field of the history of Arab sciences. The article is based on the five volumes he originally wrote in French and later translated into Arabic, which were published by the Centre for Arab Unity Studies and which are now widely acclaimed as a unique effort to unveil the achievements of Arab scientists. The essay reviews this major work, which seems, like Plato’s Republic to have “No Entry for Those Who Have No Knowledge of Mathematics” written on its gate. If you force your way in, even with elementary knowledge of computation, a philosophy will unfold before your eyes, described by the Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei as “written in that great book which ever lies before our eyes—I mean the universe—but we cannot understand it if we do not first learn the language and grasp the symbols, in which it is written. This book is written in the mathematical language, and the symbols are triangles, circles and other geometrical figures, without whose help it is impossible to comprehend a single word of it; without which one wanders in vain through a dark labyrinth.” The essay is a journey through this labyrinth where the history of world mathematics got lost and was chronicled by Rashed in five volumes translated from the French into Arabic. It took him fifteen years to complete.
45
Laffan, Michael. "“Another Andalusia”: Images of Colonial Southeast Asia in Arabic Newspapers." Journal of Asian Studies 66, no. 3 (August 2007): 689–722. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021911807000939.
Full textAbstract:
This essay discusses changing images of island Southeast Asia and its Muslim populations in the modern Arabic press during the late colonial period. It commences by surveying the general informational letters sent to the largely pro-Ottoman papers of Beirut and Cairo during the 1890s by increasingly vocal local Arabs who were seeking to redress their situation as second-class colonial citizens. Thereafter, it considers the role played by Malays, Javanese, and other Southeast Asians in the globalizing Arabic media. In doing so, it demonstrates that although many Southeast Asians bought into and actively participated in the often Arabocentric program for Islamic reform in their homelands, they were by no means in agreement that their situations were any worse than those of other Muslims or that they could all be treated under one ethnic rubric.
46
Mohamed, Yasien. "The metaphor of the dog in Arabic Literature." Tydskrif vir Letterkunde 45, no. 1 (February 16, 2018): 75–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2309-9070/tvl.v.45i1.4464.
Full textAbstract:
This essay deals with the metaphor of the dog in Arabic philosophical literature. The metaphor is viewed in relation to the imagery of the rider and the horse, which vividly demonstrates the dynamic relation of the three faculties of the soul. Our focus is on the irascible faculty, the emotion of anger. The dog metaphor brings out the positive dimension of emotion. Classical Arabic literature views the soul as a substance distinct from the body, and has many illustrations showing the superiority of the soul over the body. What makes the soul special is its rational faculty, its capacity to reason. In the rider-horse imagery, the rider is the metaphor for reason, the horse the metaphor for passion, and the dog the metaphor for anger. A balanced soul coordinates these faculties in right proportion. The imagery of horse-riding, used in Arabic and Greek philosophical literature, provides the most powerful image to explain how the three faculties of the soul interact with one another. The article examines the imagery from a literary and philosophical perspective. Scientific knowledge of the horse and dog will enhance our insight and appreciation of the richness of the metaphor. The method of analysis is based on four primary classical texts: Aristotle’s Nichomachean Ethics in Miskawayh’s eleven century Arabic translation, Tahdhib al-Akhlaq (Refinement of Character ), Galen’s Ethics in Arabic translation, and al-Raghib al-Isfahani’s al-Dhari’ah ila Makarim al-Shari’ah (“The Means to the Noble Qualities of the Law”).
47
Mottahedeh, Roy P. "Medieval Lexicography on Arabic and Persian Terms for City and Countryside." Eurasian Studies 16, no. 1-2 (December 7, 2018): 465–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24685623-12340060.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractMedieval Arabic to Persian dictionaries are a relatively untapped source for the conceptual world in the time of their authors. This essay closely examines four such dictionaries from the late fifth/eleventh century to the seventh/thirteenth century written in eastern Iran. These dictionaries are quite rich in terminology for cities, towns, farmland, pasture and desert. They also describe architectural features of buildings. They offer scant but valuable information on markets and social structure. The information from these dictionaries combined with the rich detail available in the Islamic geographers of the third/ninth and fourth/tenth century allows us to form a more perfect picture of medieval Iranian society.
48
Omar, Zakaria, Abdullah Muhammad Adam Kheir, and Nordin Ahmad. "العربيَّة لأغراض أكاديميَّة: دارسة تحليليَّة لاحتياجات الدارسين." ‘Abqari Journal 22, no. 2 (July 7, 2020): 175–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.33102/abqari.vol22no2.329.
Full textAbstract:
يسعى هذا البحث من خلال المنهج الوصفيِّ التَّحليليِّ إلى الوقوف على احتياجات الدَّارسين الماليزيين في تعلّم اللغة العربيَّة لأغراض أكاديمية. يحاول البحث الإجابة عن السؤال الآتي: ما المحتويات الملائمة لمساق "العربيَّة لأغراض أكاديمية"؟ وللإجابة عن هذا السؤال استخدم البحث استبانةً تحتوي على سؤال واحد مفتوح، يُطُلب من الدارسين الإجابة عنه في بداية الفصل الدراسيِّ، والسؤال هو: ماذا يريد الدارس أن يدرس من مساق "العربيَّة لأغراض أكاديمية"؟ توصَّل البحث إلى أنّ الطلاب يدرسون هذا المساق لحاجات مختلفة حسب الترتيب الآتي: كتابة المقال الجدلي بالطريقة الصحيحة، وكتابة البحث العلمي بالمنهج الصحيح، وتعزيز مهارة الكلام، وقراءة النحو العربي والصرف، وقراءة المقال وفهمه وتحليله.
This study was undertaken to investigate the needs of Malaysian learners in learning “Arabic for Academic Purposes (AAP)” course. The research attempts to answer the following question: What are the appropriate contents for the AAP course? To answer this question, the research used a questionnaire containing one open question. Students are asked to answer it at the beginning of the semester. The question is: What do you want to study from AAP course? The research found that the students study this course for different needs according to the following order: writing an argumentative essay, writing research with the correct method, enhancing speaking skill, reading Arabic grammar and reading and analyzing an essay.
49
Boussofara, Naima. "Bleaching a dialectal voice in political discourse." Journal of Language and Politics 10, no. 2 (July 19, 2011): 204–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.10.2.04bou.
Full textAbstract:
In 1973, former President of Tunisia, Habib Bourguiba delivered nine speeches in which he recounted episodes of the national movement. Even though delivered in an official setting and to a highly educated audience, the semi-planned speeches were delivered in the dialectal variety of Arabic, i.e. Tunisian Arabic. The speeches were brought together in a book form titled ḥayātī, ’ārā’ī, jihadi (My Life, My Opinions, My Jihād). Their publication in a book form meant that the original performed texts were modified from a spoken mode to a written mode and ‘translated’ from Tunisian Arabic, a dialectal form of Arabic, to fuṣḥā, the High variety of Arabic (Ferguson 1959). The rewriting of the speeches led to strategic sociolinguistic choices. In the translation process, the linguistic product was regulated by a web of competing institutions of power, sites of linguistic ideologies, and linguistic practices; each of which represents an institution of power whose interests shift strategically between moments of ideological convergence and/or divergence, if not rivalry and connivance, among and between them. The present essay is an attempt to explore those sociolinguistic choices translated into erasures, shifts, modifications, and polishing of the original text. The carefully orchestrated changes in the original text, I believe, aim at re-establishing the authoritative presidential voice, restoring the institutional linguistic status quo, and rendering Bourguiba’s personal ‘ḥkāyāt’, stories, to ‘tārīkh aš-šaʿb t-tūnsi’, ‘the history of the Tunisian people’.
50
Crowhurst, Megan J. "An optimal alternative to Conflation." Phonology 13, no. 3 (December 1996): 409–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675700002694.
Full textAbstract:
An issue which engaged the attention of phonologists following the publication of Halle & Vergnaud's ground-breaking Essay on stress (1987a) was the proper treatment of stress systems in which iterative foot structure is apparently required to locate the main prominence, yet expected secondary stresses are absent in the output. The solution proposed by Halle & Vergnaud was that unwanted secondary stresses are removed by a special repair mechanism, Conflation, accompanied by the automatic erasure of headless feet. The pattern which initially motivated the rule was found to exist in a very few languages: Cairene Arabic (Mitchell 1956, 1960, 1962; Langendoen 1968; McCarthy 1979; Stevens & Salib 1987), Seminole/Creek (Haas 1977; Jackson 1987; Tyhurst 1987) and possibly Palestinian Arabic (Brame 1973; Kenstowicz & Abdul-Karim 1980; Hayes 1995; inter al.).