Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Arabic Proverbs'

This thesis was inspired by my MA Dissertation back in (2007). This dissertation dealt with 'situationality'. After a couple of years, there was a need to explore other aspects of translation. This study investigates the role of micro and macro levels in the translation of a sample of Modern Standard Arabic proverbs into English. These proverbs may not be understood if a translation focuses on the micro level, i.e. the surface features of the proverbs such as semantics, syntax and style, without taking into account the macro level, i.e. the socio-cultural context for the proverbs. Therefore, the solution suggested in this study is to translate their micro levels as well as their macro surroundings in order to convey their meaning to speakers of English. This study had two main aims: to assess students’ ability to translate the selected proverbs and to convey the meanings of these proverbs to native English speakers. To achieve these aims, twenty Modern Standard Arabic proverbs were selected on the grounds that they deal with various subjects and are widely used in Arab culture. A randomly chosen sample of fourth-year students from the Department of English at Benghazi University were asked to translate these proverbs into English and their translations were then analysed at micro and macro levels. At the micro level, three main types of errors were identified: semantic, syntactic and stylistic. The study found that most of the students in the sample faced difficulties when asked to translate proverbs from their mother tongue into English. The use of error analysis provided possible solutions and suggestions for assessing the students’ requirements and needs in a particular training situation in terms of the real text being translated. During this analysis, deficiencies in translation skills were identified and evaluated, and appropriate translations by native English speakers were provided to show alternative translations of these proverbs. At the macro level, a number of problems relating to student translations of the context of the proverbs were identified. The study recommends that translation of this feature is necessary in order to convey their meaning to English native speakers. The study shows that when the situation and context for a proverb are not provided, it becomes meaningless and difficult to comprehend.

У статті представлені арабські прислів'я та особливості їх перекладу російською мовою. При перекладі прислів’їв виділяють такі основних способи їх перекладу: моноеквівалентний переклад (абсолютний і відносний), вибірковий переклад та описовий переклад.

On oppose souvent, dans les discours médiatiques ou particuliers, les cultures d'origine Arabe et la culture occidentale. En nous appuyant sur une exploration des proverbes, nous nous sommes demandé si cette opposition avait lieu d'être et quelles étaient les relations entre ces deux ensembles culturels. A partir de ce constat et de ce questionnement, nous avons construit la problématique suivante : Jusqu'à quel point les proverbes jordaniens et syriens se ressemblent-ils et quelles sont leurs convergences et divergences avec leurs équivalents français ? A travers eux, quelles différences ou ressemblances culturelles se dégagent ? L’objectif principal de notre étude est de décrire les modes et les moyens de la langue, et de comparer des proverbes dans les langues d'origine arabe et française, en étudiant convergences et divergences de ces proverbes. Nous avons procédé à une analyse thématique et sémantique sur deux cent quarante-huit proverbes recueillis auprès de leurs locuteurs natifs. Notre étude a nécessité plusieurs enquêtes et des entretiens menés sur terrain auprès d'individus originaires des trois pays, en nous focalisant sur l'utilisation et sur le sens des proverbes recueillis. Les définitions données par les auteurs français et les auteurs arabes sont presque semblables. Le proverbe est en effet bien défini comme une expression sentencieuse anonyme, comportant une norme, une vérité générale. Les trois études thématiques ont démontré qu'au-delà de l’universalité vérifiée des concepts, il existe des concordances. Les images de certains animaux trouvé dans les proverbes révèle un patrimoine commun à différentes cultures et comme une image générale et universelle. La description des proverbes sur l’image de la femme syrienne n’est pas dans l’ensemble très flatteuse. Elle la cantonne un statut bien inférieur à l’homme
In media and particular discourses, there is often a contrast between Arabic cultures and Western culture. Basing on an exploration of proverbs, we wondered whether this opposition was and what were the relations between these two cultural ensembles. From this observation and this questioning, we constructed/ consider the following problem: To what extent do the Jordanian and Syrian proverbs resemble each other and what are their convergences and divergences with their French equivalents? Through them, what cultural differences and similarities emerge? The main objective of our study is to describe the modes and means of the language, and to compare proverbs in Arabic and French languages, by studying convergences and divergences of these proverbs. We carried out a thematic and semantic analysis of two hundred and forty-eight proverbs collected from their native speakers. Our study involved several surveys and field interviews of individuals from the three countries; we focused on the use and the meaning of the collected proverbs. The proverb is indeed defined as an anonymous sententious expression, including a norm, and a general truth. The three thematic studies have shown that, beyond the verified universality of concepts, there are concordances. The images of some animals found in proverbs reveal a common heritage to different cultures and as a general and universal image. The description of the proverbs about the image of the Syrian woman is not on the whole very flattering. It confines it to a status inferior to man

Dans le cadre de notre thèse, nous exposerons dans un premier temps les différentes approches parémiologiques à savoir l’approche traditionnelle, l’approche sémantique, et l’approche pragmatique etc. Dans un second temps et à partir d’un corpus de proverbes arabes et français, nous montrerons la structuration des énoncés proverbiaux en montrant les points de convergences et de divergences entre les deux langues français et arabe. Dans un dernier temps et suivant en cela l’exemple de chercheurs comme Sevilla et Conenna et en s’appuyant sur un corpus composé de proverbes français et leur équivalents arabes, nous proposerons d’examiner l’équivalence en se demandant quelle en est la nature, quelles en sont les limites, quel éclairage cette équivalence peut apporter au plan linguistique mais aussi au plan culturel étant donnée l’ancrage du dire proverbial dans la société. Puis nous tentons de formaliser des critères d’analyse des proverbes pour établir des équivalences parémiologiques, nous proposerons une analyse de cette équivalence aux différents niveaux sémantique, syntaxique et formel. Nous essayons ensuite d’expliciter cette notion, sa place dans la traduction des proverbes, enfin voir quelle mesure il est possible d’éclairer la réflexion traductologique à la lumière de la réflexion sur les proverbes (la parémiologie)
We initially expose the various paremiologic approaches, in particular the traditional approach, the semantic approach, and the pragmatic approach. . In a second time and starting from a corpus of Arabic and French proverbs, we show the structuring of the proverbial statements while locating and analysing the points of convergences between the two languages. In a last time and following in that the example of the researchers like Sevilla and Conenna, and while supporting a corpus made up of French proverbs and their Arabic equivalent, we propose to analyse the relation of equivalence by questioning its nature, its limits, the lightning that this relation can bring to the linguistic plan and cultural plan as well being given the anchoring of the proverbial statement in society. Then we try to formalize the criteria of analysis of the proverbs to establish some paremiological equivalences. We propose an analysis of this equivalence on various levels, semiotic, syntactic and formal. We try therefore to formulate this concept and clarify its place in the translation of proverbs, we see finally up to what point it is possible to clarify the translation reflexion by means of the proverbial statement

Notre thèse porte sur l’étude linguistique contrastive de la référence aux couleurs dans les proverbes à partir d'un corpus de 208 proverbes recueillis en France et en Irak. Nous étudierons la manière dont les couleurs sont exprimées dans les deux langues (catégories grammaticales, structure grammaticale et prosodique des énoncés, outils rhétoriques appliqués aux couleurs pour renforcer leur valeur expressive), ainsi que le rapport des locuteurs à l'usage des couleurs dans les proverbes qu'ils utilisent. Nous essayerons également d'explorer dans les deux langues les différences liées à l'époque où le proverbe a été le plus utilisé, ainsi que le degré de connaissance des proverbes selon l'âge, le sexe, la profession et la région du locuteur. La langue française, ainsi que le dialecte irakien contiennent une grande proportion de mots indiquant la couleur dans les proverbes. Et c’est la connotation de ces mots qui est à l’origine de la difficulté de compréhension. De plus, selon les pays, les cultures et les époques, les couleurs revêtent des significations différentes, parfois aux antipodes de celles des cultures voisines, comme le blanc, associé en occident et dans les pays arabes (comme en Irak) à la pureté, alors qu’il est lié au deuil dans la plupart des pays asiatiques. Grâce à la langue, comme nous le savons, l’homme peut communiquer, échanger les informations, les idées et les sentiments. En d’autres termes, les parleurs peuvent exprimer ce qu’ils veulent exprimer, ce qu’ils veulent dire et les auditeurs peuvent recevoir les informations. Cependant, dans la communication, il n’est pas toujours facile de comprendre complètement et exactement ce qui est dit et écrit, parce que le sens du mot est compliqué et sophistiqué. Le même mot, utilisé dans ces différentes situations, aura différentes significations. Les mots indiquant la couleur se heurtent aux mêmes problèmes. Fonctionnant comme une unité isolée, le proverbe est une combinaison de mots tirés du vocabulaire général de chaque langue. Nous considérons les mots indiquant la couleur dans les proverbes et les locutions proverbiales comme l’objet de notre étude parce que la couleur est partout dans notre vie : la couleur des plantes et des animaux, la couleur du ciel et de la terre, la couleur des aliments, mais aussi parce que les proverbes constituent une source de vocabulaire riche pour ceux qui apprennent la langue. Les proverbes portent divers champs sémantiques et ils reflètent bien les difficultés culturelles liées à l’apprentissage du français en Irak. En outre, nous essayerons de prouver, à travers des transformations et des manipulations, que ces proverbes peuvent être figés. Une étude approfondie de ces traits sémantiques et syntaxiques nous a paru de première nécessité pour rendre compte de l'existence du figement dans les proverbes, phénomène linguistique à la fois très important et très complexe. Par ailleurs, la comparaison critique entre ces deux langues, le français et l’arabe en l’occurrence, affirme que ce phénomène du figement n’est qu’un fait linguistique universel, et révèle que chaque langue a ses propres mécanismes de figement. Nous pouvons noter que du point de vue sémantique, le sens des proverbes n’est pas calculé selon les règles de la compositionalité ; autrement dit, le sens global des proverbes n’est pas l’addition du sens des éléments qui les composent
Our thesis concerns the contrastive linguistic study of The reference to colors in the proverbs from a corpus of 208 proverbs collected in France and in Iraq. We shall study how the colors are expressed in both languages (word classes, grammatical and prosodic structure of the statements, the rhetoric tools applied to colors to strengthen their meaning value) as well as the link of the speakers for colors in the proverbs they use. We shall also try to explore in both languages the differences related to the period when the proverb was the most used as well as in the degree of knowledge of the proverbs according to age, sex, profession and the region of the speaker. The French language as well as the Iraqi dialect contain a big proportion of words indicating the color in the proverbs. And it is the connotation of these words that is the origin of the difficulty of understanding. Furthermore, according to countries, cultures and times, the colors take on different meanings sometimes to the antipodes of those of the nearby cultures like the colour white, associated in the West and in Arab countries to purity, while it is refers to mourning in most of the Asian countries. Thanks to the language, as we know it, the man can communicate, exchange information, ideas and eelings. In other words, the speakers can express what they want to express, what they want to sayand the listenerscan receive the information. However, in communication, it is not always easy to understand completely and exactly what is said and written, because the meaning of the word is complicated and sophisticated. The same word, used in these various situations, will have various meanings. The words indicating the color come up against with the same problems. Working as an isolated unity, the proverb is a combinatio of words taken from the general vocabulary of every language. We consider the words indicating the color in the proverbs and the proverbial expressions as the object of our study because the color is everywhere in our life : the color of the plants and animals, the color of the sky and the earth, the color of food, but also because the proverbs constitute a source of rich vocabulary for those who learn the language. The proverbs refers to diverse semantic fields and they reflect nicely the cultural difficulties related to learning of the French language in Iraq. Besides this, we would try to prove through transformations and manipulations that these proverbs can be frozen. An elaborate study of these semantic and syntactical features seemed to us absolutely essential to report the existence of the congealing in the proverbs, a very important and very complex linguistic phenomenon at the same time. Besides that, the critical comparison between these two languages : French and Arabic in this particular case, asserts that the phenomenon of the congealing is just a universal linguistic fact, and reveals that each language has its own mechanisms of congealing. We can note that, from the semantic point of view, the meaning of the proverbs is not calculated according to the rules of the compositionality ; in other words, the global meaning of the proverbs is not the addition of the meaning of the elements which compose them

Le present travail traite de la structure et de la fonction des enonces proverbiaux en usage a marrakech. L'analyse structurelle met en evidence les formes syntaxiques, rhetoriques, variationnelles et lexico-semantiques. L'etude fonctionnelle approche les differentes relations qui peuvent exister entre enonces proverbiaux et tradition populaire orale d'une part, et ces premiers et leurs usagers d'autre part
The present research is a consideration of the structure and function of the proverbial statements in use in the city of marrakesh. The structural analysis sheds light on the syntactic, rhetoric, variational and lexico-semantic forms of the proverb. The functional analysis deals with the relationships which exist between given proverbial statements on the one hand and folk tradition and the speakers on the other hand

« Histoire et sagesse d’Aḥiqar l’Assyrien » est un texte d’exception puisqu’il plonge ses racines dans les temps lointains de la Mésopotamie antique. Son héros, Aḥiqar, est un Sage, un Ummānu, conseiller des rois d’Assyrie ; il fait l’objet d’une vile machination, ourdie par son neveu que le Sage avait pourtant élevé comme s’il était son propre fils ; après avoir frôlé la mort, Aḥiqar est réhabilité, puis envoyé en Egypte, afin d’affronter les énigmes et défis que le Pharaon a lancés contre son roi, tandis que son neveu est puni de mort. Notre corpus regroupe sept versions de « Histoire et sagesse d’Aḥiqar l’Assyrien », s’échelonnant de 500 avant notre ère jusqu’au XVIIIe siècle, et composées en araméen, syriaque, guèze, arabe et grec. Dans une comparaison menée en traduction française, à travers les versions dont nous disposons et au fil des différents épisodes du récit, nous étudierons tout d’abord la trajectoire dramatique de la vie d’Aḥiqar. Puis nous examinerons les énigmes et défis résolus par ce héros expert en langage face au Pharaon avant d’analyser les deux longues séries de maximes, d’abord éducatives puis punitives, qu’il administre à son neveu. Nous aborderons également les modalités du réemploi, ou comment l’histoire araméenne d’Aḥiqar a pu se trouver refonctionnalisée dans la Bible au « Livre de Tobie », dans la « Vie d’Ésope le Phrygien », célèbre fabuliste grec, et dans l’univers des « Mille et Une Nuits » avec le conte intitulé « Sinkarib et ses deux vizirs ». Enfin nous conclurons sur l’intérêt de cette grande figure de l’Ummānu ou conseiller du roi – héros ni guerrier ni saint mais homme de langage – pour l’histoire de la Rhétorique
“History and wisdom Aḥiqar the Assyrian” is an exception text since its roots goes in the ancient times of ancient Mesopotamia. His hero, Ahiqar is a Sage, a Ummānu, advise the kings of Assyria, and he is the subject of a vile plot, hatched by his nephew that the Sage had yet raised as if he were her own son ; from the brink of death, Ahiqar is rehabilitated and sent to Egypt to confront the puzzles and the challenges that the Pharaoh launched against his king, while his nephew is punished by death. Our text corpus has seven versions of “History and wisdom Ahiqar the Assyrian,” ranging from 500 BC until the eighteenth century, and composed in Aramaic, in Syriac, in Ge’ez, in Arabic and in Greek. In a comparison conducted in French translation, through the versions we have and all along the different episodes of the story, we first study the dramatic trajectory of life Ahiqar. We then examine the puzzles and challenges addressed by this expert hero of language against Pharaoh before analyzing the two long series of maxims, first educational and punitive, that it administers to his nephew. We also discuss the terms of re-use, or how the history of Aramaic Ahiqar could be re-used, with more or less success, in the Bible, the “Book of Tobit” in the “Life of Aesop the Phrygian” famous Greek fabulist, and the world of “Arabian Nights” with the tale entitled “Sinkarib and two viziers.” Finally, we conclude on the interest of this great figure of Ummānu or advise the king - nor a warrior hero, nor a saint hero, but a language man - for the history of rhetoric

L'étude des proverbes de l'arabe marocain et du français s'inscrit dans le cadre théorique du lexique-grammaire de Maurice Gross. Elle s'inspire de la théorie syntaxique de la grammaire transformationnelle de Zellig Harris et Noam Chomsky ainsi que les travaux du groupe LADL de l'Université Paris VII. Le traitement lexical des proverbes ne peut se passer de celui des expressions phraséologiques, gnomiques et parémiques. Le proverbe constitue un patrimoine approprié à la parémiologie et non pas à la syntaxe, c'est pourquoi notre approche syntactico-sémantique, espérons-le, peut contribuer à la compréhension de ces formes fixes
The comparative study of proverbs in Moroccan Arabic and in French falls within the theoretical framework provided by Maurice Gross's lexicon-grammar. Our research is inspired by the theory of transformational grammar developed by Zellig Harris and Noam Chomsky and the LADL group at the University of ParisVII. A linguistic study of proverbs cannot be successful without a wider analysis of other paremic and phraseological expressions. Proverbs do not constitue the object of syntax. Nevertheless, they remain more appropriate to paremiology than any other field. The lexical and syntactico-semantic approach presented in this work will, it is hoped, contribute to the differenciation between these linguistic forms

L’objet de cette étude est de mener à bien une recherche dans le domaine de la parémiologie et de décrire la situation de la femme à travers les proverbes. Nous avons procédé à une analyse formelle et sémantique sur cent quatre-vingt-six proverbes recueillis : le proverbe comme énonce sentencieux utilise les mêmes unités linguistiques et les mêmes figures stylistiques et rhétoriques du langage ordinaire. Ils se caractérisent par un usage spécifique du relatif, de la métaphore par un degré de figement. Les proverbes se caractérisent également par l'aspect générique qui permet au locuteur de se les approprier et de les employer dans différents contextes et à différentes fins dialogiques. Le trait distinctif du proverbe qui est l'anonymat le différencie des autres unités phraséologiques en l'occurrence la sentence, le dicton, la maxime, l'adage, l'aphorisme. La fonction principale du proverbe qui est l'argumentation : il donne du poids à la parole de l'énonciateur dans le discours. La description des proverbes sur les comportements de la femme n'est pas dans l'ensemble "glorieuse", ils lui donnent un statut bien inférieur à celui de l'homme. Notre thèse annonce seulement l'étude des réactions des locuteurs contemporains à la vision du monde portée par les proverbes.

This thesis examines three genres of the oral heritage of the Neo-Aramaic-speaking Jewish community of Zakho, Kurdistan: the proverb, the enriched biblical narrative, and the folktale. During the past three decades, there has been a renewed interest in research on Neo-Aramaic, and a substantial growth of research in the field has been seen. However, the contemporary study of Neo-Aramaic has been focused almost exclusively on linguistic description and analysis. Content-based aspects of the study of the language and its cultures have received very little attention. This thesis is a first step towards filling this gap. The introduction to the thesis provides background information about the Jewish community of Zakho and about the Neo-Aramaic subgroup to which the Jewish Zakho dialect belongs, North-Eastern Neo-Aramaic (NENA). It then gives a brief review of relevant aspects of the study of folklore, before providing a description of the database of audio recordings upon which this thesis is based. The first chapter presents several approaches to the study of the proverb (paremiology). It is argued that an important component for the understanding and analysis of proverbs, one that is often overlooked, is the context of each proverb. The second chapter analyses an example of the genre of enriched biblical narrative through the lens of a concept taken from the field of thematology: the motifeme - a small meaning-bearing contextual-structural unit of the narrative. It demonstrates the non-linear historical development of the sequence of motifemes in the narrative analysed here, a feature which is particularly typical of Jewish narratives. The folktale is a genre central to the formation and maintenance of the Jewish Zakho communal identity, and the third chapter contains a detailed analysis of one particular folktale. The folktale chosen for analysis in this chapter features a cross-culturally uncommon motif: the motif of magical gender transformation. The NENA materials contained in this thesis are transcribed and translated into English. They are drawn from a database of recordings of members of the Zakho community living now mainly in Jerusalem, and were collected in the course of fieldwork undertaken by the author.

Nous nous sommes limité, dans notre travail, à étudier les séquences figées arabes verbales du type : VSO =Verbe + Sujet + Objet (fiÔl + fa:Ôil + mafÔu:l bih). Notre travail s'axera sur deux principaux volets : un aperçu théorique et synthétique, d'un côté, et une partie pratique où plusieurs tests (contraintes et transformations) seront appliqués, de l'autre, suivant essentiellement deux approches : a) Approche sémantique : Notre travail consiste à essayer de déterminer les différents types de métaphores ÕalmaÞa:z, métonymies ÕalÕistiÔa:ra:(t), euphémismes Õalkina:ya:(t), etc. Des séquences figées en arabe, y compris le Coran et la Sunna (tradition du Prophète), et leur degré d'opacité/non compositionnalité sémantique. B) Approche morpho-syntaxique : Nous tentons de voir de près les contraintes sémantico-morpho-syntaxiques, d'une part, et les transformations lexico-sémantiques aussi bien que sémantico-syntaxiques, d'autre part, pour déterminer le degré de figement des séquences –selon l'acceptabilité- dans une perspective transformationnelle de la grammaire combinatoire. Le but étant pour ainsi dire d'établir une base de données numérisée des séquences figées en arabe classique, facilitant, entre autres objectifs, tant l'apprentissage de la langue arabe aux étrangers que la traduction
First, we introduce our research and the importance of the subject of frozeness treated and the method adopted in these pages. The second part, concerns the "Theoritical description and a general synthesis" organized in two chapters : one dealing with the terminology that the ancien grammarians and rhetoricians arabophones utilised in their products; the other presentig a summing up of their general and specialised works. In a third time, one will find in the "Practical application of the semantic, morpholocial and syntactic constraints and transformational operations", the tests chosen to -spot and- measure the acceptability degree of the derivative expressions: (1) determination, (2) tense, (3) number, (4) gender, (5) verbal and nominal substitution, (6) insertion, (7) permutation, (8) passivation, (9) nominalisation, (10) negation. In each group of expressions, a series of notation is employed for the degree of the lexical (sometimes semantic and syntactic) acceptability of every derivative sequence. Finally, we close our research by a synthetic conclusion in which are remind the capital points and resualts of our analysis without forgetting some difficulties encouterded and some perspectives for future researches. The objective is to facilatate the translation and the didactic operation via a digital data base

Mestrado em Engenharia Mecânica
O presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal estudar o comportamento de amostras de polipropileno perante ensaios biaxiais de tração. Para tal efetuaram-se ensaios de provetes cruciformes utilizando uma máquina desenvolvida no Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica da Universidade de Aveiro. Por seu turno, recorreu-se ao sistema ARAMIS de correlação digital de imagem para medição das extensões. Os ensaios foram realizados a velocidades diferentes de modo a avaliar a sensibilidade do polipropileno à taxa de deformação. Foram também efetuados ensaios uniaxiais em condições semelhantes às dos ensaios biaxiais. Os resultados obtidos permitiram verificar o bom funcionamento da máquina de ensaios biaxiais e o grande interesse em aplicar a correlação digital de imagem a este tipo de ensaios. Verificou-se também que, à semelhança do que sucede nos ensaios uniaxiais, há uma grande influência da taxa de deformação no comportamento à tração biaxial do polipropileno, sobretudo na extensão de rutura. Por fim, os resultados mostraram que é necessário melhorar a geometria do provete cruciforme no sentido de obter a iniciação da rutura na zona de medida.
The main objective of this work was to evaluate the behaviour of polypropylene samples under biaxial tension tests. For that purpose, biaxial tests were conducted on cruciform specimens using a testing machine developed at the Mechanical Engineering Department of the University of Aveiro. The ARAMIS digital image correlation system was used for strain measurements. The tests were conducted at different velocities in order to evaluate the strain-rate sensitivity of polypropylene. Uniaxial tests were also performed under conditions similar to those of the biaxial tests. The results demonstrated the adequate functioning of the biaxial testing machine and the great interest in applying digital image correlation to this type of tests. Similar to uniaxial tests, the polypropylene biaxial tension behaviour proved to be strongly strain-rate sensitive, especially where the failure strain is concerned. Finally, the results showed the need to improve the cruciform specimen geometry in order to achieve failure initiation in the gauge area.

O presente trabalho teve como grande objetivo estudar o comportamento de amostras de aços dissimilares utilizando ensaios biaxiais de tração. Foram então realizados ensaios biaxiais com provetes cruciformes com a ajuda de uma máquina de ensaios biaxiais desenvolvida no Departamento de Engenharia Mecânica da Universidade de Aveiro. Estes provetes eram constituídos por dois tipos de aços, aço EN S235 e aço inoxidável AISI 316, tendo sido soldados entre si através do processo de soldadura a laser. Para além dos provetes constituídos por dois tipos de material, foram também testados provetes de apenas um só tipo de material, sem o processo de soldadura, e com várias espessuras na zona de medida, na zona circular da região central dos provetes, de aço EN S235 e aço inoxidável AISI 316, com o intuito de fazer uma comparação entre os vários provetes maquinados. Recorreu-se ao sistema de correlação digital de imagem, GOM - ARAMIS, para a medição das deformações envolvidas nos ensaios. Depois dos ensaios realizados verificou-se que a média da deformação obtida na zona de medida dos provetes cruciformes de aço EN S235, com zona circular, foi superior àquela obtida nos provetes de aços dissimilares soldados entre si, com rutura na ZAC. Por último, apurou-se que a geometria do provete poderá ser melhorada uma vez que houve vários ensaios em que a rutura sucedeu fora da zona de medida.
The main objective of this work was to study the behaviour of dissimilar steel samples using biaxial tensile tests. Biaxial tests were then carried out with cruciform specimens with the help of a biaxial machine developed at the Mechanical Engineering Department at the University of Aveiro. These specimens were made up of two types of steel, EN S235 steel and AISI 316 stainless steel, and were welded together using the laser welding process. In addition to the specimens machined with two types of material, specimens of only one type of material were tested, without the welding process, and with various thicknesses in the gauge area, in the circular zone of the central region of the specimens, from EN S235 steel and AISI 316 stainless steel to do a comparison between the various machined specimens The GOM - ARAMIS, digital image correlation system, was used for measuring the deformations involved in the tests. After the tests performed it was verified that the average strain obtained in the gauge area in a cruciform specimen of EN S235 steel was higher than the average strain obtained in a cruciform specimen of dissimilar steel welded together, with failure in the Heat-Affected-Zone (HAZ). Finally, it was found that the geometry of the specimen could be improved since there were several tests in which the failure initiation took place outside the gauge area.
Mestrado em Engenharia Mecânica