Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Arabidopsis – Effets de l'eau'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Arabidopsis – Effets de l'eau.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Boursiac, Yann. "Mécanismes de régulation du transport d'eau dans la racine d'Arabidopsis thaliana : effets d'un traitement par le sel et le péroxyde d'hydrogène sur la fonction des aquaporines." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20194.
Full textWater uptake by roots plays a central role in the regulation of plant water status. The root water permeability (root hydraulic conductivity; Lpr) is regulated by many environmental conditions such as drought or nutrient deficiency. At the molecular level, water channels named aquaporins contribute to a large part of the overall Lpr (> 70% in Arabidopsis thaliana). However, the mechanisms for aquaporin regulation in plants and their role in the modulation of Lpr by environmental stresses are still poorly understood. The aim of this thesis was to unravel novel molecular and cellular mechanisms of aquaporin regulation in the context of water transport modulation in the root of Arabidopsis. For this, Lpr regulation was studied in two distinct physiological situations, salt stress (NaCl) and exposure of roots to reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here we show that a salt treatment (100 mM NaCl) can inhibit Lpr by 35% in 40 min and by up to 70% after 3 h. Aquaporins expression was regulated in parallel to this at, at least, three levels : the abundance of transcripts and proteins and the subcellular localisation of the latter. Whereas these mechanisms may explain the long term (> 4 h) regulation of Lpr by salt, other types of regulation, by post-translational modifications for instance, might be involved in the early response (< 2 h) of the root. In another study, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and other ROS were identified as powerful inhibitors of Lpr by up to 80% in a few minutes. Unexpectedly, the action of ROS on the aquaporin activity was not mediated by a direct oxidation gating mechanism, but rather involved the activation of signalling pathways in which external calcium and protein kinases played an important role. From this and other works, we conclude that, as central molecules in the response of plants to environmental stresses, H2O2 and other ROS could be major regulators of Lpr. In conclusion, this work uncovered signalisation pathways and multiple levels for regulation of aquaporin expression which contribute to a chain of events from the perception of environmental stress to the molecular regulation of root water transport
Costet-Deiber, Nathalie. "Effets sanitaires de l'exposition aux sous-produits de chloration de l'eau." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00927735.
Full textNublat-Levigneron, Aurélie. "Identification de mutants d'accumulation foliaire de sodium chez "Arabidopsis thaliana"." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20093.
Full textPerrin-Ganier, Corinne. "Dispersion et transformation de l'isoproturon dans le sol et l'eau." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL074N.
Full textLn order to identify processes that act on herbicide isoproturon transfer in soil and water, several experimental studies were attempted. Ln the field, isoproturon appeared to reach surface soil water early after treatment. Then, the same soil was used to fill lysimeters placed under natural climatic conditions. Rainwater was able to produce large exportations only during the first month after treatment, because isoproturon, not yet fully degraded, was very mobile. Last, experiments under laboratory controlled conditions showed that isoproturon was sorbed only weakly on soil components. On the opposite, some of its degradation products, which rapidly represent the greatest part of residues, were more strongly held to soil
Monclus, Romain. "Efficience d'utilisation de l'eau et tolérance à la sécheresse chez le peuplier." Orléans, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ORLE2012.
Full textJoyeux, Michel. "Contribution a l'etude des effets toxiques des sous-produits de la chloration de l'eau." Nancy 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NAN11112.
Full textMonsalve, Gutiérrez Eduardo. "Études expérimentales des ondes à la surface de l'eau : effets non linéaires et absorption." Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066027/document.
Full textThis thesis presents an experimental investigation on the propagation of nonlinear water waves. The first part focuses on the space-time measurements of nonlinear water waves, when it passes over a submerged step. The space-time resolved measurement allows us to separate the different components at the second order, which are compared with a theoretical nonlinear multi-modal model. The important contribution of the surface tension at higher orders is verified by measuring the beating length of the second harmonic. In the same conditions, the addition of a reflecting wall at the end of the channel sets a rectangular tank with submerged step, where the excitation of low-frequency modes yields a quasi-periodic dynamics. Concurrently, a research about aspects that have to be considered in small scale experiments of surface waves has been carried out. In shallow water, the damping of water waves is highly influenced by the bottom friction. This dependence was measured for randomly distributed waves, revealing the relative contribution of this effect. Moreover, the dynamic of the contact line plays a significant role when the wave-amplitude is small and the boundaries are near, both in relation to the capillary length. We observed experimentally how the wetting of the boundaries changes the reflection and the wave-front curvature. The final part covers the measurement of perfect wave absorption by a coupled resonator in a narrow waveguide. The trapped modes generated by a cylinder shifted from the channel axis were excited to generate the absorption
Regina, Murillo de Albuquerque. "Réponses des cépages de Vitis vinifera L. Aux variations de l'environnement : effets de la contrainte hydrique sur la photosynthèse, la photorespiration et la teneur en acide abcissique des feuilles." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR20254.
Full textThomas, Marie. "Influence de l'activité de l'eau sur les interactions lactose / β-lactoglobuline de poudres laitières modèles lyophilisées." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2004. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_2004_THOMAS_M.pdf.
Full textModel milk powders were prepared by co-lyophilization of lactose and β-lactoglobulin and stored at various water activities (aw) to better understand interactions between the two components in a dehydrated state. The presence of β-lactoglobulin influenced the critical aw where physico-chemical modifications like non-enzymatic browning, particles caking and particularly lactose crystallization, occurred. Moisture sorption isotherms, differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction demonstrated that β-lactoglobulin can both delay crystallization and increase crystallization aw to 0. 54 and even 0. 59 in model powders containing 10 to 30%, and 40% β-lactoglobulin respectively, compared to 0. 43 for pure lactose crystallization. This stabilizing effect was due to the development ofboth covalent interactions and hydrogen bonding between lactose and β-lactoglobulin, as shown by non-enzymatic browning and spectroscopic studies. When model powders were stored at the aw just below their critical aw, preferential protein hydration occurred: hydrogen bonding between lactose and β- lactoglobulin decreased, whereas it increased between water and β-lactoglobulin. This change in hydrogen bonding seems to be responsible for the stabilizing effect against crystallization observed in model milk powders
Martin-Biegalke, Catherine. "Dégradation par l'eau et la chaleur des résines urée-formol." Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN10187.
Full textLucero, Daniel William. "Effets de la sécheresse et de l'intéraction entre plantes sur la croissance et l'utilisation de l'eau du trèfle blanc (Trifolium repens) et du Ray-Grass (Lolium perenne) : importance de l'intéraction entre racines." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPL135N.
Full textGwinner, Benoît. "Comportement sous eau des déchets radioactifs bitumes : validation expérimentale du modèle de dégradation Colonbo." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPL014N.
Full textThe behavior of bituminized waste is studied in geological repository conditions, i. E. Under wet conditions. A model, called COLONBO, aiming at simulating the leaching mechanisms, has been developed. This work has the purpose to validate experimentally some results predicted by the model. Firstly, the leaching kinetics, that means water uptake and salts releases, have been followed with time. Secondly, porous structure resulting from the leaching has been observed with an environmental scanning electron microscope and quantified using some classical images analysis methods. Thirdly, the mass transfer properties of leached bituminized waste have been measured in diffusion cells using radioactive tracers. These three experiment types validate the COLONBO model results and consolidate the phenomenology. Moreover some ways aiming at improving the model have been proposed
Andriamaro, Jaonarivo. "Étude in vitro de l'effet de l'eau de mer sur la vitalité de la muqueuse respiratoire." Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR2M167.
Full textCastañeda, Pinzon Eduardo Alberto. "Contribution de méthodes non destructives à l'évaluation de l'effet de l'eau sur les enrobés bitumineux." Nantes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004NANT2074.
Full textMoisture and stripping (debonding of bitumen and aggregate) are a key element in the distress of bituminous mixtures in the tropical countries. Most of the laboratory testing procedures are destructive and require many specimens. This study aims at understanding the mechanical characteristics evolution for compacted bitumen-aggregate mixtures, using a non-destructive test. The classical study of stiffness evolution highlights the effect of the mineralogical nature of the aggregate skeleton and the bitumen content. The evolution of complex modulus appears to be relevant in evaluating moisture damage, showing the consistent results. It's modelling allows to determine a factor (D) related to moisture-induced damage
Malotaux, Christophe. "Les Triazines-atrazine entre autres, présences dans l'environnement et dans l'eau." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05P242.
Full textFernandez, Maria. "Effets toxiques, génotoxiques et tératogènes engendrés par des agents physiques et des polluants hydriques chez l'amphibien Pleurodeles waltl : [thèse en partie soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux]." Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30167.
Full textWillems, Glenda. "Characterisation of zinc and cadmium tolerance in Arabidopsis halleri." Lille 1, 2006. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/481f2da5-d398-40e2-b36f-2796fb68be85.
Full textMartinot-Lagarde, Gregoire. "Effets mécaniques de la lumière sur des sphères de polystyrène dans l'eau : mesure et applications physico-chimiques." Bordeaux 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR10595.
Full textCharton, Antoine. "Effets de l'eau enrichie en oxygène sur l'oxygènation tissulaire : études expérimentales chez l'animal et application chez l'homme." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAJ042.
Full textThe recent development of a new technique for enriching water in oxygen by electrolysis relaunch the research interest on the potential benefits of this modality of oxygenation. In this context, our objective was to characterize the effects of 02-water on mitochondrial respiration, peripheral tissue oxygenation during a state of hemodynamic stability, and on the performance and the production of oxidative stress in a sub-maximal exercise. The results show an effect of the administration of water enriched in oxygen by electrolysis at the cellular and tissue level. The mechanism explaining both a better affinity of mitochondria for oxygen and the effects on peripheral oxygenation could be due to aqualitative effect on the diffusion of oxygen at the tissue level
Seguela, Mathilde. "Etude de la voie de signalisation de la carence en fer chez Arabidopsis thaliana." Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20222.
Full textIron uptake in non-graminaceous plants is achieved in a three step process. First, protons are released from the roots to solubilize ironbefore its reduction by the FRO2 feric reductase and uptake in roots cells by IRT1 transporter. In iron deficient conditions, IRT1 and FRO2 expression is strongly increased in root epidermal cells. The regulation of these two genes is well described, nevertheless, only few molecular components of the iron deficiency pathway has been described to date. In order to isolate new components regulating the root iron uptake machinery, three different approaches were developed. A genetic screen was performed to isolate mutants affected in IRT1 regulation. One mutant was isolated and shown to be allelic to frd3. The mutation in the FRD3 gene, which encodes for a citrate effluxer in xylem, affects iron speciation in xylem and iron remobilization during germination. The potential role of hormones in iron deficiency signal transduction was investigated. Cytokinins repress IRT1 and FRO2 expression irrespective of the iron status and independently of the transcription factor FIT. Rather we provide evidence or a regulation of IRT1 by a “growth” dependent pathway. The last strategy consisted in the IRT1 promoter analysis, in order to identify cis-regulatory elements of the iron deficiency response. A 80pb region was shown to be essential and sufficient for iron deficiency response in roots. This work shed light on new regulation of IRT1 gene expression and provided tools to unravel the molecular mechanisms driving the iron deficiency response
Lugan, Raphaël. "Phénotypage métabolique des réponses aux stress abiotiques chez Arabidopsis thaliana : analyse fonctionnelle et intégrative du métabolome." Rennes 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN1S170.
Full textAbiotic stresses (extreme temperatures, salinity, drought) impair plant growth and development and are important agronomic challenges. Understanding stress responses developed by various species contributes to crop improvement and also constitutes an interesting approach of integrated mechanisms operating at different organisation levels in highly regulated ways. Availability of genotypes collections, molecular analysis tools and efficient bioinformatics pave the way to phenotyping of model plants at the genomic scale, in relation with their environment. Metabolmics, defined as unbiaised, nontargeted and exhaustive analysis of metabolites in biological samples, provide new insights into physiological processes like nutrition, biochemical and structural adaptation or cell signalling. Present work is an exploratory, diagnostic and correlative approach of primary metablome in the stress sensitive species Arabidopsis thaliana
Laville, Nathalie. "Évaluation de l'(éco-)toxicité et du potentiel perturbateur endocrinien de contaminants aquatiques à l'aide de modèles cellulaires humains et de poisson." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20208.
Full textCheignon, Clotilde. "Les produits solaires : des pistes pour améliorer leur efficacité : mise au point de méthodes in vitro d'évaluation - criblage de molécules d'intérêt." Nantes, 2012. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=1fb33925-ca89-48e4-994f-1c99a50c8c01.
Full textAfter bibliographic reminders on skin physiology and the active ingredients used in sunscreen products, we focused on developing methods for evaluating the water resistance. We wanted to demonstrate that it is possible to use another type of equipment that usually recommended for such studies. To assist the formulator in the different steps of the development of sunscreens, tedious job, we have developed a quick process to qualify the product in terms of water resistance. In vitro method for water resistance is indeed quite long, at least 40 minutes of immersion are required, with two successive baths separated by drying stages. Our job was to shorten the duration of this manipulation. It was found that a non water resistant product is rapidly losing its effectiveness (from 5 minutes of immersion) which is very telling. Finally, we evaluated a number of molecules of interest to increase the water resistance of sunscreens, but also to increase their activity in terms of filtration in the UVB and / or UVA. To do this, we used the plant world
Loiseau, Liguori Maria. "La qualité des plantes en pots : influence du substrat et du régime d'irrigation." Angers, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ANGE0015.
Full textHilbert, Ghislaine. "Effets de la nutrition azotée et du stress hydrique sur la maturation et la composition en anthocyanes des baies de Vitis vinifera L. Au vignoble et en conditions contrôlées." Bordeaux 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002BOR20995.
Full textWe studied the effect of nitrogen nutrition and water deficit on the ripening of berries and on anthocyanins biosynthesis in the berry skins of Merlot vines (Vitis vinifera L. ) The experiments have been performed either on vines cultivated in vineyard (permanent grass cover allowed simultaneous variation of nitrogen and water supply) or under controlled environmental conditions (grapevine fruiting cuttings and two-year-old potted vines). Better berry ripening was observed under nitrogen or water limited supply. Our work showed interactions between nitrogen nutrition and water supply and the whole mineral nutrition of vines (especially P and K). Under reduced water and nitrogen nutrition, an increase of anthocyanins skin content was observed while a high nitrogen supply seemed to inhibit the anthocyanins synthesis. However, this latter effect was not observed under watering constraint. Our results suggest that water and nitrogen supply have a regulatory effect on the activity of the enzymes involved in the first steps of anthocyanins pathway. Different profiles of the anthocyanins species were obtained depending on the levels of nitrogen nutrition and watering supply. The synthesis of the malvidin derivatives was increased by a reduced water supply and was decreased by a limited nitrogen nutrition. The environmental factors seem to act differently on the esterification steps of anthocyanins biosynthesis. A regulation of the anthocyanins catabolism has to be considered too. In the vineyard, the level of anthocyanins biosynthesis depends essentially on the climatic conditions of the year (vintage), the "Terroir" effect and the cultural practices
Mirouze, Marie. "Recherche de gènes impliqués dans la tolérance au zinc chez l'espèce modèle hyperaccumulatrice de zinc Arabidopsis halleri : un nouveau rôle possible pour les défensines de plantes." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20183.
Full textZinc (Zn) is an essential metal that can become highly toxic when present in excess amount in the cell, indicating that Zn homeostasis has to be tightly regulated. Interestingly, Arabidopsis halleri, a close Arabidopsis thaliana relative, is able to accumulate more than 1% DW of Zn in its shoots without showing any toxicity symptom suggesting the existence of dedicated detoxification mechanisms. We exploit this natural Zn tolerant and hyperaccumulator plant species to characterize the molecular basis of Zn tolerance in plants. To identify A. Halleri genes involved in Zn tolerance, we carried out a functional screening by expressing an A. Halleri cDNA library in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Selecting A. Halleri cDNAs conferring Zn tolerance in yeast grown on Zn contaminated medium, we isolated five cDNAs encoding for A. Halleri defensins (AhPDFs). Overexpression of one of them (AhPDF1. 1) in A. Thaliana Col-0 gave rise to a Zn tolerance phenotype. Thus, at least one of the AhPDF members is able to confer Zn tolerance both in yeast and in planta. In A. Halleri, AhPDFs are constitutively accumulated at a higher level in shoots compared to A. Thaliana. Furthermore, both AhPDF1. 1 mRNA and AhPDFs steady state levels were shown to be increased upon Zn treatment. Therefore, we assume that AhPDFs could be involved in A. Halleri Zn tolerance. Finally, this work highlights that plant defensins, well-known for their antifungal actvity, could also be implicated in metal physiology
Duchemin, Matthieu. "Validation des outils immunotoxicologiques pour l'étude des effets biologiques des contaminants chimiques en milieu marin." Brest, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BRES2008.
Full textIndustrial, agricultural, and urban sewages, loaded in various pollutants, draw a chronic ecotoxicological risk on coastal marine ecosystems. For twenty years, the toxic effects of chemicals on the immune system have been studied in ail ecological groups, especially in bivalves, to characterize that risk in aquatic ecosystems. To define an operating framework of these immunotoxicological tools, several methodological questions were addressed. Then, was studied the impact of natural endogenous and environmental factors on the immunotoxic signal emitted by a pollutant. Through a French and Canadian framework, two-year surveys n the blue mussel, Mytilus edulis and in the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, took place in France (Rade de Brest) and gave evidence of the critical role of sex and reproductive cycle on the seasonal patterns of immune parameters, despite the environmental factors of the water column. In the meantime, batches of “in tubo” exposures of blue mussels, in Quebec, at two different seasons, showed also the importance of sex and reproductive cycle in the measurement of the immunotoxic signal, but, most of ail, in the immunotoxic sensitivity. Finally, this research built an operating framework for the use of immunotoxicoiogical biomarkers, for chemical risk assessment in coastal marine ecosystems. Furthermore, these findings showed the dramatic role of the studied confounding factors to assess with accuracy the danger of chemical
Abdul, Razzak Nawroz. "Caractérisation fonctionnelle de la famille CYP98 de cytochromes P450 chez Arabidopsis thaliana." Strasbourg 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006STR13010.
Full textTogether in silico and genetic mining approaches have recently designated the CYP98 family of plant cytochromes P450 as the family of enzymes that catalyzes the meta-hydroxylation step in the phenylpropanoid pathway. The meta-hydroxylation of phenolic precursors proceed via shikimate or quinate esters. Three genes belonging to the CYP98 family, CYP98A3, CYP98A8 and CYP98A9, have been reported in Arabidopsis thaliana. Analysis of EMS mutants and expression analysis demonstrated the involvement of CYP98A3 in the synthesis of lignin monomers. In this work, different Arabidopsis transgenic lines down-regulated ou up-regulated for the three genes belonging to the CYP98 family have been investigated. As expected the CYP98A3 down-regulated lines (nul and co-suppressed mutant) showed altered lignin content and composition (H lignin instead of G/S lignin). These plants also exhibited a strikingly reduced size. The reasons for the changes in plant size and inhibition of development are analysed. This analysis indicated a direct impact of meta-hydroxylated phenolic precursors on cell growth. This analysis also revealed the existence of an alternative meta-hydroxylation pathway in A. Thaliana. A role of meta-hydroxylated phenolic precursors in cell and plant growth is confirmed by the analysis of wild-type traitement with coumaroyl shikimate and caffeoyl shikimate and the analysis of overexpression mutants of CYP98A3. Plant development, biomass, and seed production was significantly increased by CYP98A3 overexpression. The impact on lignification and seed compositions was assessed. The CYP98A3 gene expression is manly detected in lignifying tissues. We showed, using promoter-GUS transformants that the CYP98A8 and CYP98A9 are expressed only in stamen (tapetum and developing pollen grain) in the young floral buds. CYP98A9 expression is also induced by biotic and abiotic stress. Analysis of stress resistance of CYP98A9 overexpressing and silenced mutants demonstrated that it plays a significant role in the plant protection against bacterial and fungal pathogens and abiotic stress
Voccia, Isabelle. "Effets immunomodulateurs des effluents d'usine de pâte blanchie chez la truite arc-en-ciel (Oncorhynchus mykiss)." Lyon 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO10009.
Full textAngers, Bernard. "Effets des diètes salées sur l'équilibre hydrominéral et l'acclimatation à l'eau salée de l'omble de fontaine (Salvelinus fontinalis) /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1992. http://theses.uqac.ca.
Full textGosselin, Véronique. "Les effets d'une augmentation du prix de l'eau d'irrigation au Maroc une étude en modèle d'équilibre général calculable." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5472.
Full textArnaud, Nicolas. "Régulation de l'expression du gène de ferritine AtFer1 en réponse au fer chez Arabidopsis thaliana." Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20191.
Full textAmong essential mineral element, iron plays an important role in many biological processes. However, iron physicochemical properties leads to cellular toxicity. Iron homeostasis needs to be tightly controlled. Among the mechanisms involved in iron homeostasis, ferritins are of major importance. Ferritins are ubiquitous multimeric proteins able to store iron in a soluble and non-toxic form. My work aims at identifying molecular elements involved in sensing and signaling of iron nutrient status in plant cells by using the promoter of the ferritin encoding gene AtFer1 as the terminal target of this transduction pathway. In animals, ferritin synthesis is controlled by iron at post-transcriptional level via IRE/IRP binding where IRP1 is a cytosolic aconitase. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, we have identified three IRP1 homologues, named ACO1 to –3. By reverse genetic approaches, Taken together, our results demonstrate that, in plants, the cytosolic ACO is not converted into an IRP and does not regulate iron homoeostasis. Indeed, in plants, ferritin synthesis is induced by iron excess, mainly at transcriptional level. A cis regulatory sequence (IDRS) is involved in this mechanism. By combining pharmacological and imaging approaches in an Arabidopsis cell culture system, we have identified several elements in the signal transduction pathway leading to the increase of AtFer1 transcript level after iron treatment. Nitric oxide quickly accumulates in the plastids after iron treatment. This compound acts downstream of iron and upstream of a PP2A-type phosphatase to promote an increase of AtFer1 mRNA level. A repressor acts in low iron condition and is ubiquitinated upon iron treatment and subsequently degraded through a 26 S proteasome-dependent pathway. A nuclear factor, different from the repressor, is able to bind the IDRS independently of iron status. These approaches allow us to discover another regulation mechanism occuring at the post-transcriptional level. Surprisingly, in Arabidopsis cells, iron treatment leads to rapid destabilization of AtFer1 mRNA. The increase of the degradation rate impacts strongly the half-life of ferritin transcripts. Two putative elements (DST sequences and/or antisense RNA) could be involved in this degradation mechanism of AtFer1 mRNA. This new post-transcriptional regulatory mechanism seems to be involved in the tightly control of ferritin expression in response to environmental variations. This work should contribute to understand molecular events involved in iron homeostasis in plant, therefore controlling the plant adaptation to fluctuation of environmental conditions
Barthélémy, Eric. "Interactions entre l'eau et le poly(chlorure de vinyle) chloré." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX11015.
Full textBourgeois, Frédéric. "Élaboration des modèles rhéologiques des argilites et bétons partiellement saturés avec prise en compte de la microfissuration." Lille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LIL10056.
Full textAndre, Jean-Marc. "Recherche en écotoxicologie marine sur la contamination des Delphinidés par les micropolluants : métaux-traces et composés organochlorés." Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR10613.
Full textCATRY-FRANZINI, ELISABETH. "Comparaison des effets biologiques du radical hydroxyle genere par la reaction de fenton ou par la radiolyse de l'eau." Paris 11, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA112266.
Full textFroux, Fabienne. "Caractéristiques hydrauliques, régulation stomatique et efficience d'utilisation de l'eau de quatre espèces de conifères méditerranéens (Cedrus atlantica, Cupressus sempervirens, Pinus halepensis et Pinus nigra)." Nancy 1, 2002. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2002_0029_FROUX.pdf.
Full textHormaza, Caicedo Bernardo. "Contribution à l'étude de la migration de l'eau dans les sols pendant le gel et le dégel." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ECAP0158.
Full textMontacié, Charlotte. "Le protéasome et le fer : rôles et/ou régulations dans le nucléole d’Arabidopsis thaliana." Thesis, Perpignan, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PERP0002/document.
Full textThe aim of this thesis work is to highlight the impact of both nucleolus content and structure on nucleolar functions in A. thaliana. For this I followed two approaches: 1- I performed nucleolus proteome and characterized one of its non-ribosomal activity / 2- I studied nucleolar iron impact on ribosomes biogenesis.Firstly, the A. thaliana nucleolar proteome allowed me to identify nucleolar proteins with non-ribosomal functions. Among these, I showed that 26S proteasome activity can be regulated by nucleolus. More precisely, proteasome activity decreases with nucleolus disorganization. Moreover, I also showed that 26S proteasome, together with Nucleolin, might play a role in ribosomal RNA transcription and/or maturation.Secondly, I proved that loss of nucleolar iron (in nas1,2,4 mutant plants) induces an increase of nucleolar transcriptional structures (fibrillar centers). This observation is correlated with the transcription of normally silenced rDNA from NOR2 and, interestingly, with hypermethylation of rDNA promoters in CHH context. And so, iron might regulate factors implicated in epigenetic pathways responsible of either rDNA transcription or repression
Fontaine, Jean-Xavier. "L'enzyme glutamate déshydrogénase et l'efficacité d'utilisation de l' azote : analyses génétiques et physiologiques chez le blé et Arabidopsis." Amiens, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AMIE0103.
Full textCosnefroy, Anne. "Evaluation intégrée in vitro et in vivo des effets oestrogéniques de substances environnementales chez le poisson zèbre." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MNHN0028.
Full textThe aim of the present work is to contribute to the implementation of an integrated in vitro and in vivo approach to evaluate estrogenecity of chemicals in a model fish species, the zebrafish. To achieve this goal, new fish cells lines with luciferase reporter gene were developed and compared with existing in vitro models to evaluate potential inter-species (rainbow trout, human and zebrafish receptors) and/or inter-models differences. First, the comparison of xeno-estrogens effects on human estrogen receptor (hER) or rainbow trout estrogen receptor (rtER) showed the selectivity of some families of compounds for the rtER, including myco-oestrogens and derivatives of benzophenone (BPs), further demonstrating the interest of using specific fish models to assess estrogenic effect of compounds on aquatic species. Then, three specific zebrafish reporter gene models expressing each one of the three subtypes of zebrafish estrogen receptor (zfER) were developed from the liver cell line ZFL (zebrafish liver). These three new cell lines (ZELH-zfERα, ZELH zfERβ1-and-ZELH zfERβ2) have been characterized toward reference ligands and evidenced selective affinity according to the receptor. Finally, these new cell lines were used together with in vivo assays for the evaluation of estrogenic effects of 10 BPs. The BPs are used as UV filters in sunscreens and were detected in many environmental matrices. In vivo, we measured the expression of vitellogenin (Vtg) in adult male fish exposed during 7 days and the expression of brain aromatase (Aro b) in the larval stage (0-5 days post fertilization), by using transgenic zebrafish expressing GFP under the control of the Aro b promoter (cyp19a1b). This integrated approach has shown an adequacy between BPs in vitro effects on zfERβ2 and in vivo effect on aro b. Nevertheless, some discrepancies between the estrogenic effects across levels of biological organization are observed, for example, the benzophenone 2 (BP2) is strongly estrogenic in vitro and in vivo on adult fish but has no effect at the larval stage. Conversely, BP3 had weak estrogenicity in vivo (Vtg) and in vitro only on ZELH-zfERβ2. In conclusion, this study highlights the interest of using an integrated in vitro and in vivo approach to assess the estrogenicity of chemicals
Kettani, Halabi Mohamed. "Etude de la diversité de Pectobacterium spp et des effets induits par les lipopolysaccharides chez les plantes." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01070631.
Full textSoegianto, Agoes. "Impact de polluants métalliques sur la structure des tissus de la cavité branchiale chez la crevette penaeus japonicus." Aix-Marseille 3, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX30063.
Full textLohr, Christophe. "Modélisation et optimisation d'un applicateur cylindrique à ondes progressives fortement dissipatif : rétroaction thermique et analyse en mode propre : cas de l'eau et de l'éthanol." Dijon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004DIJOS030.
Full textThe aim is the identification of the modes TE, TM, HEM which appear within a cylindrical waveguide loaded axially with ethanol or water rod. The strong thermal dependency of the dielectric properties results in thermal trajectories in complex plane a-b which looks like loops. Coupling of modes is induced by distortion of thermal trajectories due to heating. The coupling between thermal and electromagnetic processes illustrates effects of thermal change of dielectric losses upon heating dynamic. In spite of dielectric losses of water which decrease continuously with the temperature, an inflexion point on the heating curves is observed. The electric field focusing effect within the dielectric rod makes up the strong decrease of dielectric losses of water (capacity to convert electromagnetic energy into heat at 2. 45 Ghz). These thermal runaways are interpreted in term of jump between two stable branches (bistability)
Mata, Claudio. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation mécanique des effets du balayage à l'eau dans une craie saturée d'huile : application à l'industrie pétrolière." Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ENPC0104.
Full textAbou-Ellail, Mohamed. "Rôle des protéines de type nucléoline (AtNUC-L1 et AtNUC-L2) dans la transcription des gènes ADNr et dans la floraison et la réponse aux stress chez Arabidopsis thaliana." Perpignan, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PERP1056.
Full textA. Thaliana genome contains two genes encoding nucleolin-like proteins, named AtNUC-L1 and AtNUC-L2. The expression of AtNUC-L1 is detected at high level in most plant tissues and organs. In contrast, the expression of AtNUC-L2 gene is much lower and is detected only in specific plant tissues and organs including, flowers, root tips and stress related tissues like stipules and hydathode cells. Both genes are required for activation and/or repression of specific 45S rDNA gene variants. Attempts to understand how the expression of rDNA gene is controlled revealed a role of AtNUC-L1 in controlling symmetrical DNA methylation specifically in the 5’ transcribed non coding rDNA sequences. Disruption of AtNUC-L1 affects global plant growing and development. In contrast, the AtNUC-L2 gene knockout plants show mainly late flowering phenotype. Furthermore, AtNUC-L2 seems to play a role in plant stress response. Indeed, AtNUC-L2 gene expression is induced by 37°, salicylic acid and eventually other biotic and abiotic environmental conditions. We show also that AtNUC-L1 protein might control AtNUC-L2 gene expression. Finally, we demonstrate that AtNUC-L1 and AtNUC-L2 proteins bind and determine nucleosome positioning in vitro. However, AtNUC-L1 and AtNUC-L2 might recognize specific nucleosome structures. All together the data support the idea that duplicated nucleolin-like protein genes in plants have specialized to control both RNA pol I and II gene expression at particular developmental and environmental conditions
Ausseil, Olivier. "Contribution à l'étude de la multipollution des hydrosystèmes fluviaux : étude de l'influence de micropolluants métalliques et organiques sur la bioaccumulation des radionucléides par les poissons d'eau douce." Aix-Marseille 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX11026.
Full textHarika, Elias. "Impact d'une pollution des lubrifiants par de l'eau sur le fonctionnement des organes de guidage des machines tournantes." Poitiers, 2011. http://nuxeo.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/bccb92b6-d7d4-425a-b98e-84b64f473dc0.
Full textLubricant contamination with water is well-known as detrimental for lubrication. It has been shown that the presence of water leads to the viscosity modification and subsequently to the lubrication failure. Nevertheless, the literature does not present any detailed study of the progression of the failure directly after the contamination of the lubricant circuit by the water. The present work aims to study the effect of water contamination on the behavior of a hydrodynamic tilting-pad thrust bearing. The experimental work shows that a contamination rate of 10% by mass is not necessarily dangerous. This result is true only for some exceptional oil/water mixture structure and operating conditions. A theoretical study is also presented in order to model the effect of the contamination on the bearing performance over the studied conditions. The main assumption is to consider a homogeneous emulsion with a droplet size relatively small compared to the lubricant film. Thus, a viscosity modeling is presented according to the water rate and temperature. This viscosity model is then used to accomplish the lubrication modeling. Numerical simulations of a tilting-pad thrust bearing lubricated with water-in-oil emulsion are then presented. The relative effect of the presence of water on the studied characteristics of the thrust bearing has the same magnitude numerically and experimentally. Thus, at short term, the presence of water is not detrimental on lubrication as it could have been expected
Degrande, Delphine. "Etude de l'expression de l'acétohydroxyacide synthase (AHAS) au cours du cycle de développement de la chicorée Witloof (Cichorium intybus L. ) et effets de l'apport exogène de valine chez la chicorée et Aradopsis Thaliana." Lille 1, 2000. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2000/50376-2000-240.pdf.
Full textLignot, Jean-Hervé. "Effets de deux polluants (l'oxyde de tributylétain et le fénitrothion) sur l'osmorégulation de crevettes pénéides (crustacés décapodes)." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20032.
Full text