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Academic literature on the topic 'Arbre de discrimination'
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Journal articles on the topic "Arbre de discrimination"
Andary, Claude, Damien Longepierre, Kiet Le Cong, Sovanmoly Hul, Alba Zaremski, and Georges Michaloud. "Study of a chemotaxonomic marker able to identify the genus Aquilaria (Thymelaeaceae)." BOIS & FORETS DES TROPIQUES 341 (July 20, 2019): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.19182/bft2019.341.a31744.
Full textKonaté, Ibrahim, Abdelkarim Filali-Maltouf, and El Bekkay Berraho. "Diversity analysis of Moroccan carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) accessions using phenotypic traits and RAPD markers." Acta Botanica Malacitana 32 (December 1, 2007): 79–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.24310/abm.v32i0.7031.
Full textGanster, Christina, Lana Harder, Ulrike Bacher, et al. "Molecular Profile and Cytomorphological Manifestation of Isolated Y Loss in Myelodysplastic Syndromes." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (2018): 4358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-114216.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Arbre de discrimination"
Dang, Thanh Ha. "Mesures de discrimination et leurs applications en apprentissage inductif." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00184691.
Full textDe façon générale, un système construit par apprentissage inductif a pour but de discriminer les individus de différentes classes. Sa qualité dépend de la capacité de discrimination qu'il acquiert au cours de l'apprentissage au travers des données. En particulier, un algorithme de construction d'arbre de décision procède par évaluation successive de la capacité de discrimination des attributs pour construire l'arbre de décision.
Nos travaux concernent l'étude des mesures de discrimination tant classiques que floues, et leurs applications en apprentissage inductif.
D'une part, nous nous intéressons aux mesures de discrimination dans la construction des arbres de décision. Dans un premier temps, ces mesures font l'objet d'une étude selon une approche axiomatique. Nous développons un nouveau modèle pour caractériser les mesures de discriminations floues. Dans un deuxième temps, nous proposons d'utiliser ces mesures dans les différentes étapes de la construction des arbres de décision flous.
D'autre part, nous étudions l'utilisation de ces mesures de discrimination pour d'autres aspects de l'apprentissage. Nous examinons tout d'abord le problème de l'évaluation des classifieurs et proposons une méthode basée sur l'utilisation de la notion de capacité de discrimination. Enfin, nous considérons le problème du traitement des données manquantes et proposons une technique de substitution des valeurs manquantes, qui restitue la capacité de discrimination des attributs.
Ces travaux sont validés sur des données conventionnelles et appliqués à des données réelles dans le cadre de deux applications qui concernent la classification de courriers électroniques et la classification de traces d'interactions homme-machine.
Briand, Bénédicte. "Construction d’arbres de discrimination pour expliquer les niveaux de contamination radioactive des végétaux." Montpellier 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008MON20009.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is the development of a method allowing the identification of factors leading to various radioactive contamination levels of the plants. The methodology suggested is based on the use of a radioecological transfer model of the radionuclides through the environment (ASTRAL computer code) and a classification-tree method. Particularly, to avoid the instability problems of classification trees and to preserve the tree structure, a node level stabilizing technique is used. Empirical comparisons are carried out between classification trees built by this method (called REN method) and those obtained by the CART method. A similarity measure is defined to compare the structure of two classification trees. This measure is used to study the stabilizing performance of the REN method. The methodology suggested is applied to a simplified contamination scenario. By the results obtained, we can identify the main variables responsible of the various radioactive contamination levels of four leafy-vegetables (lettuce, cabbage, spinach and leek). Some extracted rules from these classification trees can be usable in a post-accidental context
Mahjoub, Sami. "Contribution à l'étude de quelques méthodes de discrimination paramétrique et non-paramétrique." Paris 9, 1992. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1992PA090043.
Full textCornez, Laurence. "Discrimination automatique à base de connaissances expertes d'événements sismiques." Toulouse, ENSAE, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ESAE0008.
Full textPisetta, Vincent. "New Insights into Decision Trees Ensembles." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO20018/document.
Full textDecision trees ensembles are among the most popular tools in machine learning. Nevertheless, their theoretical properties as well as their empirical performances are subject to strong investigation up to date. In this thesis, we propose to shed light on these methods. More precisely, after having described the current theoretical aspects of three main ensemble schemes (chapter 1), we give an analysis supporting the existence of common reasons to the success of these three principles (chapter 2). This last takes into account the two first moments of the margin as an essential ingredient to obtain strong learning abilities. Starting from this rejoinder, we propose a new ensemble algorithm called OSS (Oriented Sub-Sampling) whose steps are in perfect accordance with the point of view we introduce. The empirical performances of OSS are superior to the ones of currently popular algorithms such as Random Forests and AdaBoost. In a third chapter (chapter 3), we analyze Random Forests adopting a “kernel” point of view. This last allows us to understand and observe the underlying regularization mechanism of these kinds of methods. Adopting the kernel point of view also enables us to improve the predictive performance of Random Forests using popular post-processing techniques such as SVM and multiple kernel learning. In conjunction with random Forests, they show greatly improved performances and are able to realize a pruning of the ensemble by conserving only a small fraction of the initial base learners
Charkaoui, Nasser. "Discrimination de classes à occurences simultanées par des approches de reconnaissance des formes : application à la détection et à la localisation de défaillances sur les véhicules en après-vente." Compiègne, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005COMP1589.
Full textMasson, Jean-Baptiste. "Sigfried 2 : modèles de mélange censurés et autres méthodes statistiques pour la contribution d'indicateurs spatialisables de la qualité de l'air intérieur dans les logements français." Compiègne, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012COMP2003.
Full textThis Ph. D. Thesis is part of the CIRCE program (Cancer, regional and cantonal environmental inequalities) which aims at comparing maps of cancer occurrence with maps of environmental quality on the French territory. Our specific goal is to build geographic maps of the indoor air quality inside the homes, that are compatible with this approach. We adopted a two-step method: first, build typical profiles of indoor air pollution, then assess these classes’ local frequencies in predefined zones. In the first step, we developed an extension of classical clustering methods, based on Gaussian mixture models and the EM algorithm, to the case of (deterministically) censored data. In the second step, we used non-parametric discrimination tools based on binary decisions trees (CART). Unfortunately, the resulting trees have a very high prediction error rate. Even if known significant associations can be found between indoor pollution and some characteristics of the building and its occupants, it seems very hard to predict the profile, or even a single pollutant’s concentration, from those characteristics. However, our methodology has numerous advantages: simplicity of use, distinct steps enabling a steady control of the results, flexible choice of the variables, availability of a prediction error rate
Lassassi, Moundir. "Le marché du travail en Algérie : réseaux sociaux, choix occupationnel et salaires." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM2016.
Full textRecent social movements that swept some Arab countries including Algeria showed the fragility of the situation on the labor market in these countries in particular for young people. The first chapter deals with the analysis of the situation of the labor market in Algeria over a long period. Over the past decade the employment situation has deteriorated in terms of job security in particular for young people. The situation remains difficult, especially as the current demographic situation considering pressures on the labor market in the future. In the second chapter, we analyze the strategies for job search including through informal methods. Our results show strong gender specificities in search strategies. Overall, social networks appear to be an effective method to find a job in Algeria but not for skilled jobs. The third chapter aims to study the architecture of employment systems in Algeria. It appears that the model that best explains the behavior of men and women is a sequential two-level model: participation vs. non participation and then choosing a segment on the labor market. In the fourth chapter, we analyze the determinants of the choice of sector and wages for men and women in different sectors in Algeria. Our results show that women are paid less compared to men in the various segments. The public sector is the one that best protects women from wage discrimination