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Journal articles on the topic 'Archaeometry'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 29 July 2024

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1

Liritzis, Ioannis, and Pantelis Volonakis. "Cyber-Archaeometry: Novel Research and Learning Subject Overview." Education Sciences 11, no. 2 (February 23, 2021): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci11020086.

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The cyber archaeometry concerns a new virtual ontology in the environment of cultural heritage and archaeology. The present study concerns a first pivot endeavor of a virtual polarized light microscopy (VPLM) for archaeometric learning, made from digital tools, tackling the theory of mineral identification in archaeological materials, an important aspect in characterization, provenance, and ancient technology. This endeavor introduces the range of IT computational methods and instrumentation techniques available to the study of cultural heritage and archaeology of apprentices, educators, and specialists. Use is made of virtual and immersive reality, 3D, virtual environment, massively multiplayer online processes, and gamification. The VPLM simulation is made with the use of Avatar in the time-space frame of the laboratory with navigation, exploration, control the learning outcomes in connection to the archaeometric multisystem work. The students evidently learned to operate the VPLM following operations made via visual and home-made scripting, gaining experience in synergy, teamwork, and understanding. The resulting meaningful effects of the cyber-archaeometry with virtual operations and virtual hands, texts, and video equip students especially for e-learning with the required basic knowledge of mineralogical examination, which help to understand and evaluate mineral identification from material culture and provides readiness and capacity, which may be refined in a real polarized light microscopy (PLM) environment.

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2

Balvanović, Roman, Maja Gajić Kvaščev, Velibor Andrić, Ivanka Holclajtner-Antunović, Milica Marić Stojanović, Daniela Korolija Crkvenjakov, Snežana Vučetić, Emilija Nikolić, and Aleksa Jelikić. "Archaeometry in Serbia: Where we are and where we should go next?" Interdisciplinaria Archaeologica Natural Sciences in Archaeology XIV, no. 2 (December 19, 2023): 235–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24916/iansa.2023.2.6.

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The paper presents a short history of archaeometry investigations in Serbia, from the first published work in 1932 until today. It then describes the most important laboratories and institutions that perform archaeometry investigations in Serbia today, their teams, equipment, projects, and cooperation: Institute for the Protection of Cultural Monuments of Serbia, Vinča Institute of Nuclear Sciences, Faculty of Physical Chemistry, National Museum of Serbia, Institute of Archaeology, the Heritage Lab, Gallery of Matica Srpska Novi Sad, and City Museum of Subotica. The paper describes plans for the future and proposes forming of Serbian Society for Archaeometry with several goals: to further interconnect research disciplines; to facilitate better use and purchase of equipment, to establish a dedicated laboratory for archaeometry; to introduce archaeometry study programs at different levels of teaching; to introduce archaeometry into scientific plans of Serbia; to start a domestic archaeometry journal, and to promote the awareness of the potentials and benefits of archaeometry to institutions dealing with cultural heritage and to the general public.

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3

Liritzis, Ioannis, and Elena Korka. "Archaeometry’s Role in Cultural Heritage Sustainability and Development." Sustainability 11, no. 7 (April 3, 2019): 1972. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11071972.

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The interdisciplinary field of archaeometry covers a wide range of subject categories and disciplines in relation to science and humanities. It is a well-established academic field of study and accredited part of higher education. Since its inception, the nomenclature designation of archaeometry signifies the appropriate methodology applied to archaeological materials and questions emerging from this field, regarding monuments, artifacts, and the reconstruction and management of landscape bearing cultural assets. The measurements of tangible culture denote significant information, such as chronology, authenticity, technology, characterization, provenance, discovering buried antiquities, ancient-day life activities, and three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions and modelling; furthermore, proxy data collected from environmental dynamic non-liner perturbations, which link local ecosystems with dwellings, are gathered by academia to study the past. The traditional rooting signifies the cultural legacies of people, which define the human desire and the confidence of memory and future trends. Beyond the mere study of the past, archaeometry’s role increasingly proves affinity to prosperity, if properly managed. The major archaeometrical contributions in cultural heritage and archaeology in general are reviewed herein, and we present the policies that could develop archaeometrical data into a sustainable stage of local, regional, and national economic development. Τhe United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) conventions for the documentation and protection of cultural heritage via new technologies and archaeometry are reviewed and connected to development strategies and sustainable development goals.

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4

Ehrenreich, Robert M. "Archaeometry into archaeology." Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 2, no. 1 (March 1995): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02228433.

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5

Pantos, Manolis. "Synchrotron radiation in archaeometry." Synchrotron Radiation News 13, no. 3 (May 2000): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08940880008261073.

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6

Chwala, Andreas, Ronny Stolz, Rob IJsselsteijn, Volkmar Schultze, Nikolay Ukhansky, Hans-Georg Meyer, and Tim Schüler. "SQUID gradiometers for archaeometry." Superconductor Science and Technology 14, no. 12 (November 21, 2001): 1111–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0953-2048/14/12/327.

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7

Mandò, Pier Andrea. "Nuclear Physics and Archaeometry." Nuclear Physics A 751 (April 2005): 393–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2005.02.107.

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8

Vandenabeele, Peter. "Archaeometry, an interdisciplinary approach." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 387, no. 3 (January 4, 2007): 735. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-006-0995-z.

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9

HANCOCK, R. G. V., L. A. PAVLISH, and S. AUFREITER. "ARCHAEOMETRY AT SLOWPOKE-TORONTO." Archaeometry 49, no. 2 (May 2007): 229–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4754.2007.00298.x.

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10

Trojanowicz, Marek. "Analytical microtechniques in archaeometry." Microchimica Acta 162, no. 3-4 (August 2008): 287–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00604-008-0956-7.

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11

Russ, John C., and Irwin Rovner. "Expert Vision Systems in Archaeometry." MRS Bulletin 14, no. 3 (March 1989): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400063181.

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In the analysis of object or material form and structure, especially micro-structure, correlations of material properties with their microstructure, and of structures with their production history and function, are at the heart of much of artifact and fossil analysis in archaeometry. Presently, a great deal of such examination of archaeomaterials is either:∎ qualitative, descriptive and anecdotal, comparing “representative” specimens to illustrate the differences of mean, typical, or normative structures, and forms; or∎ limited to measurement of parameters which oversimplify the structure or are easily measured by hand, e.g., length, width, and thickness.These do not differentiate shape variation or describe irregular shapes effectively. Hand measurements, even simple ones, are often difficult to derive on microstructures or on irregular macroscopic-sized objects and normally involve too few data points for statistical interpretation. Images of tesselated mosaics and multiphase microstructures in materials such as metals or ceramics are often chaotic and irregular in form, size variation and distribution of elements, inclusions and phases. Because of this, they are difficult to quantify precisely or accurately. Moreover, analysis is often limited more by the need to minimize destruction to an irreplacable artifact or art object than by a method's ability to generate significant data. Sample size is often held at the minimum threshold of significance or adequacy. Thus, any method which enhances the quality and quantity of such data should be welcome in archaeometric research.

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12

Sypsas, Athanasios, Chairi Kiourt, Evgenia Paxinou, Vasilis Zafeiropoulos, and Dimitris Kalles. "The Educational Application Of Virtual Laboratories In Archaeometry." International Journal of Computational Methods in Heritage Science 3, no. 1 (January 2019): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcmhs.2019010101.

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The digital cultural heritage field has been developing in parallel with modern archaeology by collecting and storing data from all aspects of field work, from excavations to virtual representations and to exhibitions, and by transforming data into knowledge and new services, ranging from supporting scientists to offering edutainment content. As an integral part of archaeology, the field of archaeometry deals with exploiting laboratory techniques and ICT tools to examine and analyze archeological findings. The present article briefly review works on the use of virtual environments in the digital cultural heritage field, and secondly reviews applications of virtual laboratories in archaeometry and, finally, based on the observation that virtual laboratories are now increasingly finding their way into education, to highlight the key aspects of a proposal to integrate virtual laboratories in Archaeometry education.

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13

Artioli, Gilberto, and Ivana Angelini. "Mineralogy and archaeometry: fatal attraction." European Journal of Mineralogy 23, no. 6 (December 21, 2011): 849–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0935-1221/2011/0023-2119.

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14

Barabássy, Miklós. "The Reconstruction of the Creation of the Holy Crown." Acta Materialia Transylvanica 6, no. 1 (2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33924/amt-2023-01-01.

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Determining the place and time of an artefact’s origination starts with archaeometry surveys. The aim of the study of the Holy Crown is to characterise in detail the parts of the crown – the frame, the filigree and the sockets, i.e. the metal parts – and the decorations (enamel, gemstones, beads), to determine the exact composition of the materials and to discover the place of origin. Archaeometry also includes the reconstruction of the technical and technological processes associated with artefacts. The absolute age of the artefacts can be determined using organic materials such as adhesives. This is basically a natural science. If we include the auxiliary sciences - photo-optical data recording, 3D modelling, which allows us to continue the study on the computer – it is possible to determine the relative date and place of the crown parts, using parallels with applied art, palaeography, etc. To date, no systematic archaeometry study has been carried out on the Holy Crown. There have been photographs, geometric measurements, visual inspections and descriptions by jewellers and engineers. If we want to write a scientific summary, we have a lot to draw on. The present article is such a summary, in which we attempt to reconstruct the technology of the Holy Crown, with the aim of pointing out the need for a complete archaeometry study.

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15

Faisal, Nadimul Haque, Rehan Ahmed, Saurav Goel, and Graham Cross. "Future of nanoindentation in archaeometry." Journal of Materials Research 33, no. 17 (August 20, 2018): 2515–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2018.280.

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16

Martini, Marco, and Emanuela Sibilia. "Radiation in archaeometry: archaeological dating." Radiation Physics and Chemistry 61, no. 3-6 (June 2001): 241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0969-806x(01)00247-x.

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17

Paulus, H., K. H. M�ller, W. Melzer, H. W. Peine, B. Thier, and A. Weisgerber. "Applications of SNMS in archaeometry." Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry 353, no. 3-4 (1995): 369–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00322071.

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18

Trojanowicz, Marek. "Modern chemical analysis in archaeometry." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 391, no. 3 (April 12, 2008): 915–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00216-008-2077-x.

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19

Alaimo, R., G. Bultrini, I. Fragalà, R. Giarrusso, I. Iliopoulos, and G. Montana. "Archaeometry of sicilian glazed pottery." Applied Physics A 79, no. 2 (July 2004): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00339-004-2523-3.

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20

Paulus, H., K. H. M�ller, W. Melzer, H. W. Peine, B. Thier, and A. Weisgerber. "Applications of SNMS in archaeometry." Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry 353, no. 3-4 (October 1, 1995): 369–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s0021653530369.

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21

POLLARD, A. M. "ARCHAEOMETRY 50TH ANNIVERSARY ISSUE EDITORIAL." Archaeometry 50, no. 2 (April 2008): 191–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4754.2008.00395.x.

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22

Inagaki, Tetsuya, and Satoru Tsuchikawa. "Establishment of near Infrared Archaeometry." NIR news 24, no. 7 (November 2013): 4–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1255/nirn.1394.

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23

Bajnóczi, Bernadett. "Beszámoló a 8. Balkáni Archeometriai Szimpóziumról." Archeometriai Műhely 20, no. 1 (2023): 117–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.55023/issn.1786-271x.2023-008.

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A kétévente megrendezett Nemzetközi Archeometriai Szimpózium (International Symposium on Archaeometry, ISA) „kistestvére” a Balkáni Archeometriai Szimpózium (Balkan Symposium on Archaeometry, BSA). Az önálló balkáni archeometriai konferencia létjogosultságát a térség gazdag kulturális öröksége adja, amelynek természettudományi kutatása eltérő mértékű az egyes országokban. Az első BSA-t 2008-ban Ohridban, Észak-Macedóniában rendezték, az ezt követő konferenciák helyszíne Isztanbul (2010), Bukarest (2012), Neszebár (2014), Sinaia (2016), Ljubljana (2018) és Athén (2020, online konferencia, https://bsa7.uniwa.gr/) volt. A nyolcadik konferenciát 2022. október 3. és 6. között Szerbia fővárosában, Belgrádban rendezték.

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24

Cardell, Carolina, Isabel Guerra, and Antonio Sánchez-Navas. "SEM-EDX at the Service of Archaeology to Unravel Historical Technology." Microscopy Today 17, no. 4 (June 26, 2009): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929509000042.

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It is well known that there is a profitable cooperation between archaeology and the scientific disciplines of chemistry, geology, biology, and physics with the aim of producing better interpretations of archaeological materials. This field of science is known as archaeometry. Two main goals of archaeometry are to analyze and characterize historic objects to preserve them and to investigate the knowledge and skills required to fabricate them. This latter information is essential in the evaluation of cultural and technological aspects of past societies and to further understand the transference of technological knowledge through time periods and geographical contexts.

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25

Guerra, Maria Filomena, and Thilo Rehren. "AURUM: Archaeometry and authenticity of gold." ArchéoSciences, no. 33 (December 31, 2009): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/archeosciences.1894.

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26

Takahashi, Cheryl M., and D. Erle Nelson. "Appendix 1: SFU Archaeometry Laboratory Methods." Journal of the North Atlantic 301 (October 2012): 134–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3721/037.004.s310.

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27

Milazzo, Mario. "Radiation applications in art and archaeometry." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 213 (January 2004): 683–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-583x(03)01686-0.

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28

Hayek, E. W. H., P. Krenmayr, H. Lohninger, U. Jordis, F. Sauter, and W. Moche. "GC/MS and chemometrics in archaeometry." Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry 340, no. 3 (1991): 153–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00324471.

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29

Rabin, Ira. "Archaeometry of the Dead Sea Scrolls." Dead Sea Discoveries 20, no. 1 (2013): 124–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685179-12341247.

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Abstract For many years after the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls, text analysis and fragment attribution were the main concern of the scholars dealing with them. The uncertain archaeological provenance of a large part of the collection added an additional difficulty to the formidable task of sorting thousands of fragments. After sixty years of scholarly research, the questions of origin, archaeological provenance, and correct attribution of the fragments are still debated. In many cases, material characterization of the scroll writing media delivers answers to these questions. Physical and chemical examination of the skin-based material of the Dead Sea Scrolls started shortly after their discovery. Subsequent studies dedicated to long-term preservation resulted in a respectable body of knowledge about this material, in many ways very different from medieval parchment. A new multi-instrumental approach, developed for an accurate characterization of the highly inhomogeneous “parchment” of the Dead Sea Scrolls, might lead to a reliable reconstruction of their history. This approach is illustrated by the case studies, in which we discuss the specific questions of origin (1QHa), archaeological provenance (11QTa), and post-discovery interventions (1QapGen ar).

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30

Burns, George. "Eco-Archaeometry: Interdisciplinary Applications in Egypt." Interdisciplinary Science Reviews 17, no. 1 (March 1992): 81–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/isr.1992.17.1.81.

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31

Vandenabeele, Peter, and Mary Kate Donais. "Mobile Spectroscopic Instrumentation in Archaeometry Research." Applied Spectroscopy 70, no. 1 (January 2016): 27–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0003702815611063.

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32

Whitehead, J. K., T. Z. Hossain, and A. Sil Verman. "Archaeometry using the Cornell TRIGA reactor." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Articles 196, no. 2 (October 1995): 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02038041.

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33

Harbottle, G., B. M. Gordon, and K. W. Jones. "Use of synchrotron radiation in archaeometry." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 14, no. 1 (January 1986): 116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-583x(86)90431-3.

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34

Schmitt, Axel K., Ming-Chang Liu, and Issaku E. Kohl. "Sensitive and rapid oxygen isotopic analysis of nephrite jade using large-geometry SIMS." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 34, no. 3 (2019): 561–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ja00424b.

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35

Török, Béla. "The Story of the International Scientific Commission of the UISPP for Archaeometry of Pre- and Protohistoric Inorganic Artifacts, Materials and Technologies." Interdisciplinaria Archaeologica Natural Sciences in Archaeology XIII, no. 2 (November 2, 2022): 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.24916/iansa.2022.2.7.

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The International Union of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences (UISPP), an organisation with over 90 years of history, includes all the fields and disciplines that contribute to the development of prehistory and protohistory. To achieve their goals, the UISPP organises periodically a world congress on prehistoric and protohistoric sciences. Based on proposals received, the general assembly decides on the creation of scientific commissions, following the advice of the executive committee of the UISPP. The main objective of these commissions is to promote and coordinate international research in a specific or specialised domain of the prehistoric and protohistoric sciences between each world congress. Based on the success and interest shown in a session of the 17th UISPP Congress, the need has arisen to create a new scientific commission in the field of archaeometry. This brief text describes the creation of this commission and its scientific activities to date. The commission aims at discussing and transmitting the archaeometric approaches to technologies in Prehistory and Protohistory concerning lithic technology, metallurgy, ceramics and glass making; gathering and organising the results, conclusions and circumstances of archaeometric case studies of artifacts; paying particular attention to production, procurement and characterisation of raw materials, and fabrication technologies; and discussing relevant interdisciplinary investigation methods and techniques.

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36

Duckworth, Chloë N. "Latest advancements in the application of analytical science to ancient and historical glass production." Journal of the International Union of Prehistoric and Protohistoric Sciences 2, no. 1 (March 1, 2019): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.62526/66x65t.

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Major recent developments in the archaeometry of ancient and historical glass production are outlined, and examples of methods which are set to determine the future agenda of glass studies are presented. In the past twenty years there has been a step-change in the quantity and quality of archaeometric data for glass production, allowing researchers to address larger-scale questions. Quantitative chemical analyses, including trace element analysis, are increasingly being used to reconstruct not only provenance, but also production techniques, contamination, and recycling; isotope analysis is being used to challenge previous assumptions about provenance and develop approaches more rooted in geochemistry; and novel analytical techniques including ToF-SIMS and portable laser ablation have great future potential if applied to the correct questions. Finally, the use of handheld, portable-XRF is increasing the range of questions that can be asked in the field, from production site survey to sample selection, and the analysis of in situ glass windows.

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37

Bersani, Danilo, Claudia Conti, Pavel Matousek, Federica Pozzi, and Peter Vandenabeele. "Methodological evolutions of Raman spectroscopy in art and archaeology." Analytical Methods 8, no. 48 (2016): 8395–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ay02327d.

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38

Galli, Anna, and Letizia Bonizzoni. "Contribution of X-ray Fluorescence Techniques in Cultural Heritage Materials Characterization." Applied Sciences 12, no. 13 (June 21, 2022): 6309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12136309.

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Archaeometry and cultural heritage have lately taken great advantage of developments in scientific techniques, offering valuable information to archaeology, art history, and conservation science, involving both instrumental and non-instrumental approaches [...]

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39

Stoyanova, Magdelena, Desislava Paneva-Marinova, Lilia Pavlova, and Radoslav Pavlov. "The IFIDA Project: Intelligent Fast Interconnected Devices and Tools for Applications in Archaeometry and Conservation Practice." Digital Presentation and Preservation of Cultural and Scientific Heritage 4 (September 30, 2014): 256–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.55630/dipp.2014.4.31.

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The correct documentation and scientific attribution of ancient works of art requires the processing of relevant amounts of images and interdisciplinary data usually kept in non-compatible formats and objects of different property. The main goal of the IFIDA project Intelligent Fast Interconnected Devices and Tools for Applications in Archaeometry and Conservation Practice is to collect and integrate the dispersed models, tools, case studies, imaging and analytical resources resulting from previous investigations of works of art in repositories that facilitate extraction and sharing of new knowledge for cultural heritage research. This information will be further assessed applying sophisticated analytical and computer technologies in order to develop or adapt interconnected software tools for very fast authenticity certification and applications in archaeometry and conservation practice; to benefit development of new scholarship and technologies.

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40

Panzeri, L., A. Galli, F. Maspero, M. Saleh, and M. Martini. "The activities of the LAMBDA (Laboratory of Milano Bicocca university for Dating and Archaeometry): what’s new?" Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2204, no. 1 (April 1, 2022): 012047. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2204/1/012047.

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Abstract The LAMBDA, Laboratory of Milano Bicocca University for Dating and Archaeometry, has a forty-years experience started with the first thermoluminescence dating activities in Italy in the early eighties. Soon after, other dating techniques (Optically Stimulated Luminescence, OSL, Radiocarbon, Dendrochronology and recently Rehydroxylation) have been studied and dedicated laboratories have been set up, where the physical basis of the techniques are constantly under investigation, mainly for what concerns the role of defects in quartz in the luminescence processes. LAMBDA covers other prominent archaeometry fields such as dating of mortars by OSL and Radiocarbon, surface dating of bricks and rehydroxylation dating. In this paper we will present the recent results in dating field focusing on mortar and surface dating. Furthermore, the results of a recent dating campaign to rediscover ancient Milan will be presented.

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41

Jarjis, Raik. "Ion-Beam Archaeometry of Islamic Lustre Glazes." Key Engineering Materials 132-136 (April 1997): 1434–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.132-136.1434.

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42

Weinstein, James M., and Y. Maniatis. "Archaeometry: Proceedings of the 25th International Symposium." American Journal of Archaeology 95, no. 3 (July 1991): 540. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/505495.

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43

Crupi, Vincenza, Sebastiano D’Amico, Lucia Denaro, Paola Donato, Domenico Majolino, Giuseppe Paladini, Raffaele Persico, et al. "Mobile Spectroscopy in Archaeometry: Some Case Study." Journal of Spectroscopy 2018 (2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8295291.

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We provide an overview of recent results obtained by the innovative application of mobile spectroscopy for in situ investigation in archaeometry. Its growing relevance is linked to the great advantages of avoiding the transport and eventual damage of precious artifacts and of allowing the analysis of those specimens that are, for example, built into infrastructures or in some way permanently affixed. In this context, some case studies of combined instrumental approaches, involving X-ray fluorescence (XRF) and Raman spectroscopy, integrated by infrared thermography (IRT), are, in particular, discussed: the archaeological site of Scifì (Forza d’Agrò, province of Messina, Italy) and the Abbey of SS. Pietro e Paolo d’Agrò (Casalvecchio Siculo, province of Messina, Italy). In the first case, the elemental composition, as obtained by XRF, of two types of mortars belonging to two different chronological phases, dated back between the 3rd and the 5th century AD, allowed us to hypothesize a same origin area of their raw materials and a different production technique. Again, the combined use of XRF and Raman spectroscopies, supported by IRT technique, on pottery fragments of Greek-Hellenistic age and late imperial period, furnished important information concerning the receipts for the pigmenting agents of the finishing layer, allowing in some cases their unambiguous identification. In the second case, XRF data collected on bricks and stones from the external facade of the abbey allowed us to make some hypothesis concerning the provenance of their constituents materials, supposed to be in the area of valley of the river Agrò.

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44

Hölzl, Stephan. "Heavy elem ents’ isotope ratios in archaeometry." Revista do Museu de Arqueologia e Etnologia. Suplemento, supl.2 (December 10, 1997): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2594-5939.revmaesupl.1997.113450.

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Nas últimas décadas, os métodos químicos vem ganhando importância na Arqueologia. São usados para a determinação de proveniência sensu latu: para a identificação das origens de qualquer material (matérias-primas, artefatos, vestígios humanos e animais), relações comerciais, questões paleoambientais e questões nutricionais. Os elementos químicos, entretanto, tendem freqüentemente a fraccionar durante o enterramento e a mineralisação, de acordo com o seu comportamento geoquímico. Mesmo as medidas de freqüência de isótopos de elementos leves (C.N.O.) podem indicar os efeitos de isótopos que também levam a fraccionamentos. Ao contrário destes, as marcas dos elementos pesados dos isótopos (por ex. 87Sr 86Sr, 206, 207, 208Pb/ 204Pb, 143Nd/144Nd) têm um comportamento bastante conservador. Os princípios e as aplica ções destes sistemas isotópicos serão apresentados neste artigo, e as limitações serão discutidas em referência à bibliografia sobre o tema

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Kockelmann, W., S. Siano, L. Bartoli, D. Visser, P. Hallebeek, R. Traum, R. Linke, M. Schreiner, and A. Kirfel. "Applications of TOF neutron diffraction in archaeometry." Applied Physics A 83, no. 2 (March 1, 2006): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00339-006-3503-6.

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BAXTER, M. J., and I. C. FREESTONE. "LOG-RATIO COMPOSITIONAL DATA ANALYSIS IN ARCHAEOMETRY*." Archaeometry 48, no. 3 (August 2006): 511–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4754.2006.00270.x.

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REHREN, TH, and E. PERNICKA. "COINS, ARTEFACTS AND ISOTOPES—ARCHAEOMETALLURGY AND ARCHAEOMETRY." Archaeometry 50, no. 2 (April 2008): 232–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4754.2008.00389.x.

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Słaby, Ewa. "Geoscience in Archaeometry. Methods and case studies." Geologos 22, no. 2 (June 1, 2016): 167–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/logos-2016-0017.

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Casadio, Francesca, and Richard P. Van Duyne. "Molecular Analysis for Art, Archaeometry and Conservation." Analyst 138, no. 24 (2013): 7276. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3an90096g.

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Brissaud, I., G. Lagarde, A. Sabir, and A. Houdayer. "PIXE macro and microprobe techniques in archaeometry." Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Articles 116, no. 1 (November 1987): 99–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02037214.

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