Dissertations / Theses: 'Archaic and classical Art'

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Fowler, Michael Anthony. "Bad Blood? The Sacrifice of Polyxena in Archaic Greek Art." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8907.

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Fowler, Michael Anthony. "Bad Blood? Varying Attitudes on Human Sacrifice in Archaic Greek Art." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8905.

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Mihaloew, Andreya. "An Exploration of the Function of Lamps in Archaic and Classical Greek Culture: Use, Concepts, and Symbolism." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10472.

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Scholarship on Archaic and Classical Greek lamps has traditionally been in the form of typological studies and catalogues. This dissertation represents an alternative to such works, offering a fuller picture of the function of lamps in Greek life. Incorporating archaeological, iconographic, and literary evidence, the study takes a gendered approach to lamp use, examines the objects’ social and symbolic functions, and explores their conceptual place in Greek society. The core of the dissertation consists of three main chapters. Chapter two looks at women and lamps. It begins with an examination of the opening lines of Aristophanes’ Ekklesiazousai, and then assesses women’s lamp use in the home, where the objects helped women perform tasks ranging from early-morning baking to genital depilation. Their use by women at Athens during funeral processions is also considered. Indeed, women and lamps were closely linked during these periods. The objects came to symbolize domesticity and, by association, femininity. They also helped to create and perpetuate female stereotypes, and could be instrumental in controlling women’s behaviors. Women’s conceptions of their lamps grew from use: they saw them as quiet companions and perhaps emblems of burden. Chapter three investigates male lamp use. Lamps and their stands played a role in civic and private dining. They functioned on many levels within red-figure representations of the symposium, and these images offer clues about lamp use at actual symposia. When carried by individuals for street lighting, lamps facilitated travel in the dark while marking the social status of their users. Many literary references suggest that men connected the objects with the concept of exposure, of matters private as well as political, an idea connected to the objects’ use and symbolism in the female arena. Chapter four explores the significance of lamps in the contexts of burial and religion. To a certain extent, the association between women and lamps observed in the home obtained in these spheres, especially in graves on Sicily and in cults of female deities. The study and its findings expand our understanding of uses and perceptions of an often overlooked class of objects, and of gender and social dynamics in Archaic and Classical Greece.
The Classics

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Fowler, Michael Anthony. "Reflections on Beauty and Ugliness: An Exceptional Archaic Greek Mirror at the Getty." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8906.

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This paper consists of a focused, formal, and iconographic analysis of a unique Late Archaic bronze hand mirror said to originate in Magna Graecia, now in the Getty Museum. Of particular interest is the way the object fuses and juxtaposes two semantically dense and interrelated devices from the ancient Greek world: the mirror and the severed head of the Medusa (gorgoneion). While gorgoneia are generally encountered as ornaments on Greek mirrors, the Getty example is the only extant case in which Medusa’s head occupies the entire backside of the mirror, effectively functioning as a Janus-faced counterpart to the user’s face reflected in the disc. Scholars tend to explain the significance of gorgoneia on objects like the Getty mirror with reference to apotropaic and/or humorous effects. Yet Fowler proposes that the mirror’s incorporation of the gorgoneion may be appreciated on deeper conceptual and phenomenological levels: as a visual “comment” on the nature of the image (representational and reflected) and of (female) beauty and ugliness, which is accomplished by, and experienced through, using the object. Close examination of the Getty mirror thus offers critical insights into the complex interplay between gender, aesthetics, image-making, and visual experience in ancient Greek culture.

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Parisinou, Eva. "The light of the gods : the role of light in archaic and classical Greek cult /." London : Duckworth, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37216077x.

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Dijk, Johannes Gerardus Maria van. "'Aînoi, lógoi, mŷthoi : fables in archaic, classical and Hellenistic Greek literature : with a study of the theory and terminology of the genre /." Leiden ; New York ; Köln : Brill, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37535209p.

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Proefschrift--Letteren--Nijmegen--Katholieke universiteit, 1997.
Titre translittéré du grec (polytonique) selon la norme ISO 843 (1997). Bibliogr. p. 577-610. Notes bibliogr. Index. Résumé en néerlandais.

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Huard, Warren. "Herakles and Dionysos in Archaic Greece." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1524138144683543.

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Sheedy, Kenneth A. "The archaic and early classical coinages of the Cyclades." London : Royal Numismatic Soc, 2006. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=016094867&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.

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Nell, Erin Ann. "Astronomical orientations and dimensions of Archaic and Classical Greek temples." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291618.

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Previously it has been assumed that the majority of Greek temples were oriented towards the eastern horizon, in the direction of sunrise. The author of this thesis conducted a GPS temple orientation survey of eight Greek Doric temples and concluded that these structures were actually oriented to the western, not eastern, horizon, in the direction of sunset. The following facts support this hypothesis: (1) of the eight temples surveyed, the western orientations of six were more precise than their eastern orientations, (2) in the Archaic and Classical periods of ancient Greece, architecturally aligning structures to the western horizon could have been accomplished with far greater ease and higher precision than to the eastern horizon, (3) literary evidence by Vitruvius supports this claim of western temple alignments, and (4) the lengths of each temple surveyed appear to have been determined via the same technique which oriented them to the sun on the western horizon.

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Lambert, S. D. "The Ionian phyle and phraty in archaic and classical Athens." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234265.

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Bissa, Maria Areti Errietta. "Governmental intervention in foreign trade in archaic and classical Greece." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444110/.

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The thesis discusses the role of the state in archaic and classical Greek trade through the study of four commodities, gold, silver, timber and grain, where the state had reason to intervene. Gold and silver were not only a major source of wealth for the producing states but also their import was a concern for many states, since they were the main coinage metals. In the thesis, both the role of the state in production and export and the situation for coin-minting importers using statistical data for silver and case studies for gold are discussed. The study of timber concentrates on shipbuilding timber, particularly for triremes, since naval warfare played such an important role in the historical developments of the classical period. The two main issues discussed are the intervention through monopoly and the means of acquisition used by the importers, concentrating on coercive diplomacy and military pressure. Grain was the main staple food in antiquity and for many poleis its import, regular and extraordinary, was a matter of life or death. The economic policies of the exporters in normal and famine situations and the intervention of the state in imports through legislation are discussed. The thesis shows that Greek states both intervened and involved themselves rationally in the production, export and import of important commodities disproving the modern orthodoxy on the issue, which argues in favour of minimal extraordinary intervention.

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Papakonstantinou, Zinon. ""Dancing Zeus" : leisure and society in archaic and classical Greece /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10427.

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Bolmarcich, Sarah Marie. "Thucydidean explanations : diplomacy and historiography in Archaic and Classical Greece /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2003. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/174205429.html.

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Watson, James Michael. "From archaic to classical : reassessing Greek history, 525-450 BC." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611745.

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Willey, Hannah Rose. "Law and religion in the archaic and classical Greek poleis." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.607836.

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Nikolaev, Alexander Sergeevich. "Diachronic Poetics and Language History: Studies in Archaic Greek Poetry." Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10489.

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The broad objective of this dissertation is an interdisciplinary study uniting historical linguistics, classical philology, and comparative poetics in an attempt to investigate archaic Greek poetic texts from a diachronic perspective. This thesis consists of two parts. The first part, “Etymology and Poetics”, is devoted to several cases where scantiness of attestation and lack of semantic information render traditional philological methods of textual interpretation insufficient. In such cases, the meaning of a word has to be arrived at through linguistic analysis and verified through appeal to related poetic traditions, such as that of Indo-Iranian. Chapter 1 proposes a new interpretation for the enigmatic word ἀάατο̋, the Homeric epithet of the waters of the Styx, which is shown to have meant ‘sunless’. Chapter 2 deals with the word ἀριδείκετο̋, argued to mean ‘famous’: this solution finds support in the use of the root *dei̯k- in the poetic expression “to show forth praise”, found in Greek choral lyric and the Rigveda. Chapter 3 investigates the history of the verbs ἰάπτω ‘to harm’ and ἰάπτω ‘to send forth (to Hades)’. Chapter 4 improves the text of Pindar (O. 6.54), restoring a form ἀπειράτωι. Chapter 5 discusses the difficult word ἀμαυρό̋, establishing for it a meaning ‘weak’ and proposing a new etymology. Finally, Chapter 6 places Alc. 34 in the context of comparative mythology, with the object of reconstructing the history of the Lesbian lyric tradition. The second part, “Grammar of Poetry”, shifts the focus of the inquiry from comparative poetics to the language of early Greek poetry and its use. Chapter 7 addresses the problematic Homeric aorist infinitives in -έειν, showing how these artificial forms were created by allomorphic remodeling driven by metrical necessity; the problem is placed in the wider context of the debate about the transmission and development of Homeric epic diction. The metrical and linguistic facts relating to the distribution of infinitives are further discussed in Chapter 8, where it is argued that the unexpected Aeolic form νηφέμεν in Archil. 4 should be viewed as an intentional allusion to the epic tradition, specifically, the famous midsummer picnic scene in Hesiod.
Linguistics

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Chang, Lian. "Articulation and the origins of proportion in archaic and classical Greece." Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=86574.

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This dissertation searches for the origins of western ideas of proportion in the archaic and classical Greek conceptual terrain of articulation. We think of articulation, in the first instance, as having to do with the joining of parts to fabricate an object, such as in the physical connection of pieces of wood, cloth, metal, or stone. However, the early Greek language that described these craft processes also, and inextricably, spoke in a number of ways about what it meant for a person, thing, or the world to be beautiful, healthy, and just. Taking Homer as its primary source, Part One therefore explores archaic ideas of bodily experience (Chapter One); of crafts (Chapter Two); and of the interrelations between the two (Chapter Three). These chapters lay emphasis on how the language and concepts of articulation constructed a worldview particular to early Greece. Part Two then examines early ideas of proportion, in social and political life as depicted by Homer (Chapter Four); in classical ideas about the medicalized human body and the civic body of the polis (Chapter Five); and in the cosmogonic theories of Empedocles and Plato (Chapter Six). In so doing, I aim to demonstrate how ideas of articulation allowed for and expanded into those of proportion, binding together the ordering of bodies, of the kosmos, and of crafts, including architecture.
Cette dissertation cherche l'origine des idées occidentales de proportion à partir du concept de l'articulation dans la Grèce archaïque et classique. De nos jours, l'articulation est perçue comme étant le jointoiement de pièces pour fabriquer un objet, telle la connexion physique entre des pièces de bois, tissu, métal, ou pierre. Toutefois, dans le grec archaïque, les mots utilisés pour décrire ces procédés d'assemblage parlaient aussi, et inextricablement, de la signification pour une personne, une chose, ou le monde, d'être beau, sain et juste. La première section de la dissertation explore, à partir de l'oeuvre d'Homère, les idées archaïques d'expérience corporelle (chapitre un); de métiers d'art (chapitre deux); puis de leurs interrelations (chapitre trois). Ces chapitres mettent l'emphase sur la manière dont le langage et les concepts d'articulation construisirent une perception du monde particulière à la Grèce antique. Ensuite, la deuxième section examine les idées antiques de proportion, dans la vie sociale et politique telle que dépeinte dans Homère (chapitre quatre); dans les idées classiques du corps humain médicalisé et le corps humain civique de la polis (chapitre cinq); puis dans les théories cosmogoniques d'Empédocle et de Platon (chapitre six). Ainsi, cette dissertation vise à démontrer comment les idées d'articulations permirent d'une part et évoluèrent d'autre part en celles de proportions, fusionnant l'ordre du corps, du cosmos, et des métiers d'art, incluant l'architecture.

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Papastamati, S. "Gamos in archaic and classical Greek poetry : theme, ritual and metaphor." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1389425/.

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This thesis considers how advances in optical network and optoelectronic technologies may be utilised in particle physics applications. The research is carried out within a certain framework; CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC) upgrade. The focus is on the upgrade of the ”last-tier” data links, those residing between the last information-processing stage and the accelerator. For that purpose, different network architectures, based on the Pas¬sive Optical Network (PON) architectural paradigm, are designed and evaluated. Firstly, a Time-Division Multiplexed (TDM) PON targeting timing, trigger and control applica¬tions is designed. The bi-directional, point-to-multipoint nature of the architecture leads to infrastructure efficiency increase. A custom protocol is developed and implemented us¬ing FPGAs. It is experimentally verified that the network design can deliver significantly higher data rate than the current infrastructure and meet the stringent latency require¬ments of the targeted application. Consequently, the design of a network that can be utilised to transmit all types of information at the upgraded LHC, the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) is discussed. The most challenging requirement is that of the high up¬stream data rate. As WDM offers virtual point-to-point connectivity, the possibility of using a Wavelength-Division Multiplexed (WDM) PON is theoretically investigated. The shortcomings of this solution are identified; these include high cost and complexity, therefore a simpler architecture is designed. This is also based on the PON paradigm and features the use of Reflective Electroabsorption Modulators (REAM) at the front-end (close to the particle collision point). Its performance is experimentally investigated and shown to meet the requirements of a unified architecture at the HL-LHC from a networking perspective. Finally, since the radiation resistance of optoelectronic components used at the front-end is of major importance, the REAM radiation hardness is experimentally investigated. Their radiation resistance limits are established, while new insights into the radiation damage mechanism are gained.

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Larson, Stephanie Lynne. "Boiotian group identity in the late archaic and early classical periods." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3122810.

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Bocksberger, Sophie Marianne. "Telamonian Ajax : a study of his reception in Archaic and Classical Greece." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:a9bacb2a-7ede-4603-9e6a-bf7f492332ed.

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This thesis is a systematic study of the representations of Telamonian Ajax in archaic and classical Greece. Its aim is to trace, examine, and understand how and why the constitutive elements of his myth evolved in the way they did in the long chain of its receptions. Particular attention is paid to the historical, socio-cultural and performative contexts of the literary works and visual representations I analyse as well as to the audience for which these were produced. The study is divided into three parts, each of which reflects a different reality in which Ajax has been received (different with respect to time, place, or literary genre). Artistic representations of the hero, as well as his religious dimension and political valence, are consistently taken into account throughout the thesis. The first part - Ajax from Salamis - focuses on epic poetry, and thus investigates the Panhellenic significance of the hero (rather than his reception in a particular place). It treats the entire corpus of early Greek hexameter poetry that has come down to us in written form as the reception of a common oral tradition which each poem has adapted for its own purpose. I establish that in the larger tradition of the Trojan War, Ajax was a hero characterised by his gift of invulnerability. Because of this power, he is the figure who protects his companions - dead or alive - par excellence. However, this ability probably also led him to become over-confident, and, accordingly, to reject Athena's support on the battlefield. Hence, the goddess's hostility towards him, which she demonstrated by making him lose the reward of apioteia (Achilles' arms). His defeat made Ajax so angry that he became mad and committed suicide. I also show how this traditional Ajax has been adapted to fit into the Iliad's own aesthetics. The second part - Ajax in Aegina - concentrates on the reception of Ajax in the victory odes of Pindar and Bacchylides for Aeginetan patrons. I argue that in the first part of the fifth century, Ajax becomes a figure imbued with a strong political dimension (especially with regard to the relationship between Athens and Aegina). Accordingly, I show how the presence of Ajax in Pindar's and Bacchylides' poems is often politically charged, and significant within the historical context. I discuss the influence this had on his representation. Finally, the third part moves to Athens, as I consider Ajax's reception during three distinct periods: the sixth century, the first half of the fifth century, and finally the rest of the classical period. I equally insist on the political dimension of the figure. I demonstrate that his figure undergoes a shift of paradigm in the early fifth century, which deeply affects his representation. By following in the footsteps of Ajax, this study prompts a series of reflections and comments on each of the works in which the hero features as well as on the relationship of these works to the historical context in which they were produced.

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Pavlides, Nicolette A. "Hero-cult in Archaic and Classical Sparta : a study of local religion." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/14212.

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This dissertation examines the hero-cults in Sparta in the Archaic and Classical periods on the basis of the archaeological and literary sources. The aim is to explore the local idiosyncrasies of a pan-Hellenic phenomenon, which itself can help us understand the place and function of heroes in Greek religion. Although it has long been noted that hero-cult was especially popular in Sparta, there is little known about the cults, both in terms of material evidence and the historical context for their popularity. The first, second and third chapters query the origin and development of herocults and challenge the traditional assumption that Helen, Menelaos and Hyakinthos were 'faded gods‘. They also question the Dorian Spartan adaptation of Achaian heroes for political propaganda. Instead, the evidence at the Menelaion and the worship of Agamemnon and Alexandra/Kassandra, Orestes and others who remain anonymous to us, are viewed as a local phenomenon reflective of the developing communal and social consciousness in Archaic and Classical Sparta. The fourth chapter deals with the heroisation of the recently dead in the context of the possible posthumous heroisation of the Spartan kings and other important communal personalities. Thus, hero-cults are explained and interpreted as a changing phenomenon, which are influenced and shaped by societal dynamics at any given time. It is concluded that in Sparta the boundaries of the divine/heroic/mortal were fluid, which allowed a great variation in the expression of cults. The fifth and sixth chapters study the more intimate relationship of the individual to the hero through a survey of the votive deposits dedicated to heroes and an iconographical analysis of the votives, such as the stone and terracotta reliefs. The study of the archaeological record permits an analysis of the kinds of offerings to hero cults and an evaluation of the architecture that housed such cults. Because of the material and spatial distribution of the votive deposits, I conclude that Sparta had a large number of hero shrines scattered throughout the polis which attests to an enthusiastic and long-lasting local votive practice at a popular level.

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Bershadsky, Natasha. "Pushing the boundaries of myth| Transformations of ancient border wars in Archaic and Classical Greece." Thesis, The University of Chicago, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3557392.

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The dissertation explores the phenomenon of long-running border wars, which are believed to have been ubiquitous in Archaic Greece. Two most famous confrontations are examined in depth: the war between Eretria and Chalcis over the Lelantine Plain, and the struggle between Sparta and Argos over the territory of Thyreatis. It is suggested that in the Archaic period these disputed territories were contested in recurrent ritual battles. The battles took place in the framework of peace agreement between the neighboring cities, so that the disputed territory constituted a sacred common space for the opposing cities. The participants in ritual battles belonged to the social class of hippeis, for whom the battles both expressed their local identity and reaffirmed the Panhellenic values, underlying aristocratic inter- polis ties. The ritual battles reenacted mythical destructive confrontations, which were imagined to result in death of all combatants; however, the ritual battle themselves, which were normally non-lethal, were led according to strict rules and represented the enactment of the hoplite ideal. The tradition of the aristocratic ritual battles began to break down in the middle of the sixth century, when, following the adoption of a more aggressive style of warfare, the border territories that had been ritually contested became annexed by one city-state. However, the myths of confrontations between neighboring cities did not lose their ideological power. In the Classical period, these myths constituted a contested ideological territory in the inter- and intra-polis struggles between democratic and oligarchic political camps. In particular, the myths about the confrontation between neighboring cities were adopted by democratic regimes as their foundational narratives.

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Walsh, Mary Patricia. "Athleticism in Athenian art of the late Archaic period." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.304956.

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Bodard, Gabriel. "Witches, cursing and necromancy : literary representations of 'magic' in archaic and classical Greece." Thesis, University of Reading, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.413504.

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Schwartz, Adam. "Reinstating the hoplite arms, armour and phalanx fighting in archaic and classical Greece." Stuttgart Steiner, 2009. http://d-nb.info/997222778/04.

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Anderson, Loriel Sarah Ann. "Reflections of the 'Other': foreign polities in archaic and classical greek political discourse." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.658565.

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Throughout their history interactions with foreigners had a profound influence on the Greek sense of' self and the development of a Panhellenic identity. In many ways, Greek culture developed out of interactions with ' others'. However, Greek ethnicity did not operate as a polarity with strictly defmed categories but was a sliding scale. The endpoints were strongly structuralist understandings of 'Greek' and 'Barbarian', with various intermediary points to accommodate those who did not conform to these precise categories. Greek ethnicity was complex and fluid, meaning different things at different times to different people. The texts examined in this study, Homer's epic poems, Herodotus' Histories, and Ctesias' Persica, all variously display what it meant to be Greek, 'other', and the shades and subtleties inherent in such concepts. Homer's Trojans, although traditionally considered to be similar to the Greeks, exhibit several characteristics of 'others' as typified in fifth-century concepts of the Barbarian, demonstrating that such stereotypes have long roots. Although several contemporary texts emphasise the differences between Greeks and Barbarians, Herodotus provides an extremely sophisticated portrait of ' others' by refraining from relying upon simple stereotypes. While Homer and Herodotus present the shades and subtleties inherent in conceptions of ethnicity and alterity, Ctesias' work functions on the premise of polarity between Greeks and ' others'. Ctesias imagines Persia as a fantastical 'other', the opposite of Greece in almost every way. He plays to the stereotypes, revealing the complexities inherent in notions of ' self and 'other' . This project demonstrates that it is possible to understand contemporary Greek political thought through a backwards reading of Greek texts about 'others' . The authors examined respond to contemporary political concerns, particularly discussions of wealth, access to power, and decision making, in various ways, providing unique insight into the contemporary political thought that influenced each of these authors.

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Bannister, Nicola Carole. "Artemis cult in Sicily and southern Italy in the archaic and classical periods." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/29087.

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This thesis is an inter-disciplinary study of the evidence for the Greek goddess Artemis in the Southern Italian and Sicilian colonies during the archaic and classical periods. The evidence is reviewed by type and with specific reference to its chronological and geographical context. First, I deal with the myths which feature Artemis in the works of Pindar and Bacchylides. This is followed by a catalogue of sites and epithets which informs a discussion of her worship. Thirdly, a wide range of representations of Artemis is considered; they constitute the largest category of evidence in this thesis. The goddess appears on Attic vases exported to the west as well as vases manufactured in Apulia and Lucania. Terracotta figurines and architectural sculpture are also catalogued and discussed. The final corpus of evidence reviewed is the depiction of the goddess on coins minted in Southern Italy and Sicily. Finally, the key themes to emerge from this inter-disciplinary study are contextualised within the historical realities of the western Greek colonies and compared with the conventional view of the goddess in modem scholarship.

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Levéntī, Ifigéneia. "Hygieia in classical Greek art /." Athens : Archaiognosia, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40101183p.

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Mujkanovic, Elma. "Gorgon motifs on Archaic Greek coins." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för arkeologi och antik historia, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-418134.

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The Gorgon is a creature described as terrible in ancient literature. It was depicted with glaring eyes, tusks and a hanging tongue and was a part of Greek antiquity from Archaic to Roman Period. The Gorgon motif has frequently been adorned on different materials. The reason as to why such a creature was depicted has been a subject of interest in earlier studies. The Gorgon motif has been elaborately studied in combination with buildings, armours and vases. A gap of knowledge that is still to be filled is a deeper examination of the Gorgon motifs on coins, which is the inspiration for this study in which the main aim is to approach an understanding of what function the Gorgon motif could have had on Archaic Greek coins. The study is based on a collection of 42 Archaic coins from Athens and Neapolis in Macedon. Through Panofsky's theory of iconography the material is analyzed and discussed via a series of sub-questions; ‘Did the Gorgon motifs differ depending on the location?’, ‘What combination of features appear on the coins?’, ‘To what extent was the Gorgon myth linked to the locations that used the motif and what other myths were used on coins during the same period? ’, ‘Is there a link between the use of Gorgon motifs on coins and on other material objects?’ The paper measures the possible explanations of the Gorgon motif with archaeological finds and ancient texts dealing with the Gorgon, many of which point to the fact that the Gorgon’s function generally served a purpose as an apotropaic symbol. Its function as a possible amulet is investigated using previous research that studies the symbolic significance of the Gorgon, as well as tracing its background and examination of the Gorgon myth to find possible connections with other mythical creatures.
Gorgonen är en varelse som beskrivs som fruktansvärd i den grekiska antikens litteratur. Den avbildas med stirrande ögon, betar och en hängande tunga. Gorgonen har varit en del av den grekiska antiken sedan dess början och har varit ett populärt motiv på olika material. Det har funnits stort intresse i tidigare studier kring anledningarna till att en sådan varelse valts att avbildas. Motivet har studerats omsorgsfullt när det har smyckat byggnader, rustningar och vaser. En lucka som inte har fyllts än inom ämnet är en djupare undersökning av gorgonmotiven på mynt, vilket även är ämnet för denna studie med syftet att närma sig en förståelse för de funktioner som Gorgonmotiven fyllde på mynt under arkaisk grekisk tid. Studien baseras på ett urval av 42 arkaiska mynt från Aten och Neapolis i Makedonien. Genom Panofskys trestegsmodell analyseras gorgonmotiv som framkommer på mynten och svarar på en rad viktiga underfrågor: Skiljer sig gorgonmotiv åt mellan platser Vilka kombinationer av gorgoner förekommer på mynten? I vilken utsträckning var gorgonmyten kopplad till de platser som använde motivet, vilka andra myter användes på mynten under samma period? Finns det ett samband mellan användningen av gorgonmotiv på mynt och på andra objekt? I uppsatsen bedöms möjliga förklaringar till gorgonmotivet med arkeologiska fynd och antika texter som behandlar gorgonen, varav många pekar mot att gorgonens funktion i allmänhet fyllde ett apotropeiskt syfte. Detta undersöks med hjälp av tidigare forskning av gorgonens symboliska betydelse samt kopplingen med andra mytiska varelser genom att spåra dess bakgrund och granskning av gorgonmyten.

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30

Ladianou, Aikaterini. "Logos Gynaikos: Feminine Voice in Archaic Greek Poetry." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1236711421.

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Boyd, Carolyn E. "The work of art : rock art and adaptation in the lower Pecos, Texas Archaic /." Ann Arbor (Mich.) : UMI dissertation services, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb400202055.

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Sekita, Karolina. "The figure of Hades/Plouton in Greek beliefs of the archaic and classical periods." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:010c9cbb-349f-4acb-a687-1fce01c62bc4.

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The main aim of this work is the presentation, characterisation and review of the image of the Greek underworld deity, Hades/Plouton in Greek beliefs of the Archaic and Classical periods, on the basis of comparison of the preserved literary and epigraphic testimonies with the remains of material culture, and the reconstruction of the most coherent possible image of the god, claimed by scholars to be of little importance to Greek beliefs and to have no cult. The present dissertation liberates the god from long-standing scholarly misconceptions and returns him to his proper place within the Greek pantheon. Its main scholarly contribution and originality can be summarised as follows: (i) Hades is mainly an agricultural deity with a clear cult environment and has more in common with the world of the living than that of the dead; (ii) Hades influenced the representation of other male deities connected with earth: his main attribute, paradoxically the cornucopia or 'horn of plenty', appears for the first time in Greek art in the 6th century BC as exclusively his, and is later ascribed to other deities; (iii) Hades and Plouton were the same deity (Plouton - an Attic instantiation - spread throughout Greece with Attic literature and the Eleusinian cult of Demeter and Kore), sharing the same myths, and both, through the properties inscribed in their names (invisibility in Hades' and corn in Plouton's), referring to the earth; both names are products of the conceptualisation of the world of the dead; (iv) contrary to the prevailing scholarly view, the multiplicity of Hades' names is not exclusively the result of euphemism (which I propose to see rather as a by- product): the nomenclature is more complex and depends principally on cultic or mythological contexts and local tradition. My work not only reconstructs the repertoire of Greek ideas and opinions on Hades and the character of his cult, but also advocates a new understanding of the notion of Greek deity, as metonymy: Hades is representative of a wider class of deities who are concrete and abstract at the same time (like Gaia [the Earth], Uranos [the Sky], Okeanos [the Sea]): they denote a place, a god, a property of something, a form of matter.

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Jim, Suk Fong. "Gifts to the Gods : Aparchai, Dekatai and related offerings in Archaic and Classical Greece." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:46767d83-0b32-4ebd-8f26-457a785f2478.

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This study is about one of the most ubiquitous and yet little studied aspects of ancient Greek religion, the offering of so-called ‘first-fruits’ (aparchai) and tithes (dekatai) in Archaic and Classical Greece (c.700-300 B.C.). A widespread and traditional custom all over Greece and the Greek Mediterranean, the offering of ‘first-fruits’ and tithes entailed using a portion of the proceeds from a diversity of human activities (such as craft-work, fishing, trade, military expeditions) to present something to the gods. I look at the different kinds of aparchai and dekatai offered to the Greek gods by individuals and states under various circumstances, the various contexts in which the language and practice of making such offerings were used, the deployment of this religious custom in politics, and the transformation of a voluntary practice into a religious obligation. Ultimately, however, my major concern is with questions of religious psychology: why people should bring aparchai and dekatai to the gods, and what motivations and expectations they might have had. Because it was such a commonplace practice, the custom has been taken simply as a given in both ancient and modern scholarship; and no attempt has been made to explain its religious significance. By drawing on current anthropological studies of gift-giving, I argue that that aparchai and dekatai do not merely give to the gods, but give back to the gods some of the benefits granted by the divinities in the first place, reflecting first and foremost a sense of dependence on the divine. I suggest that the offering of aparchai and dekatai may be thought of as a means of settling men’s debts to, and thereby maintaining good relations with, the gods, who were considered the sources of both goods and evils. I challenge the emphasis, common in modern scholarship, on material returns as the central motive behind the act of bringing gifts to the gods. Instead I suggest that the study of gift-giving between humans and the divine should embrace the possibility that psychological feelings of dependence on and gratitude to the gods might also have been involved.

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Dochniak, Craig Charles 1964. "Kingship festival iconography in the Egyptian Archaic Period." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278001.

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The high degree of correlation existing between the subject matter visually depicted on Early Dynastic Egyptian objects and the year-names represented hieroglyphically on the Palermo Stone--an historical annal from the Fifth Dynasty--suggests that much Early Dynastic imagery was meant to serve as a dating device, a kind of pictorial year-name, based on the important event or events that occurred within the year. The selection of the historic events referred to in these year-names appears to be based on their compatibility with certain festivals associated with the king. These festivals express the theoretical model of kingship and therefore can be used to reconstruct the king's primary roles and responsibilities during the Early Dynastic Period. Such duties include the unification, protection and expansion of the king's realm--both Earthly and Cosmic; the insuring of the irrigation and fertility of the land; the foundation and dedication of important buildings and temples; and the reaffirmation and magical rejuvenation of his primeval powers as expressed in such festivals as the Sed.

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Paspalas, Stavros A. "The Late Archaic and Early Classical pottery of the Chalkidike in its wider Aegean context." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282586.

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Hanesworth, Pauline. "Heroic and Mortal Anodoi : Representations and Uses of a Mythical Motif Archaic and Classical Greece." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.503409.

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Taylor, Rebecca Elizabeth. "Micro- and microcosm : the human body and the natural environment in archaic and classical thought." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2016. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/84847/.

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This thesis examines the micro-/macrocosm model in Archaic and Classical Greek thought. The main focus of the thesis centres on medical and philosophical theories and these are examined against the background of popular beliefs and mythology. The evidence investigated will be drawn from the Hippocratic and Aristotelian Corpus. The original formation of mankind is studied in relation to the idea that mankind is a product of the natural environment and so parallels the universe in its form and processes. Owing to this, the body reacts in the same way as the natural environment does to change and the overall nature of the natural environment extends to the nature of the body and its diseases. The fact that the body changes with the weather in this way meant that physicians could predict disease patterns through predicting the weather.

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van, Boekel Lambertus Gerardus. "Painting in the computer era: the transformation of archaic structures to contemporary formalism." The Ohio State University, 1997. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1382709534.

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Vollkommer, Rainer. "Herakles in the art of classical Greece." Oxford : Oxford University Committee for Archaeology, 1988. http://books.google.com/books?id=ur2fAAAAMAAJ.

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Boivin, Lawrence J. "The depiction of boxing in classical Athenian art /." Thesis, McGill University, 2001. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31092.

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The aim of this study is to test the assumption that the depictions of ancient boxing found on Attic Black and Red Figure pottery are accurate. Due to the scarcity of ancient written material and physical evidence, most of our knowledge of the sport must be based on the depictions themselves.
This thesis sets out to discover whether or not our basis of knowledge, the vases and their depictions, are accurate and reflect what truly happened in a boxing match. To accomplish this, two main variables are put to test: the ratio of left- and right-handed boxers, and the occurrence of certain tactics used when right-handed and left-handed fighters face each other.
Primary sources of depictions are drawn from the Panathenaic amphorae together with some other Attic Black and Red Figure vases. Boxing knowledge is that of the author, who has studied in the field for the past five years.

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Hofsten, Sven von. "The feline-prey theme in archaic Greek art : classification, distribution, origin, iconographical context /." Malmö : Almqvist & Wiksell International, 2007. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41151639r.

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Bischof, Henning. "The Late Archaic, Final Archaic and Early Formative Periods in the Casma Valley: Data and Hypotheses." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113510.

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This paper endeavors to establish some basic points of reference to better understand the early culture-historical dynamics of the Casma Valley. The revised chronology presented here follows the ceramic sequence developed by Peter Fuchs (1990) on the basis of his Cerro Sechín stratigraphy, confirmed and amplified in its early sections by his recent excavations at Sechín Bajo. A systematic review of the different categories of archaeological data reveals many lacunae that still persist in our record. Monumental architecture most clearly expresses the socio-cultural complexity of the ancient Casma Valley polities. It first appeared during the Sechín Period (3400-1650 cal BC) which is part of the Late Archaic (Preceramic), followed during the Early Formative by the Moxeke Period (1650-1400 cal BC) and the Haldas Period (1400-1000 cal BC) with their diagnostic ceramics. Within this timeframe, some hypotheses formulated by Shelia and Thomas Pozorski (2006) about the socio-political transactions between major Casma Valley sites are evaluated in the light of the archaeological evidence. The tradition of monumental adobe architecture that goes back to about 3400 cal BC in the Casma Valley, reminds us of analogous developments in the Pre-Pottery Neolithic of the ancient Near East. There still remains the challenge to adapt Archaic Period terminology in the Andes to those new discoveries (Kaulicke 1994, 2007: 17-18).
Las investigaciones recientes permiten esbozar un nuevo cuadro cronológico del valle de Casma gracias a la secuencia cerámica elaborada por Peter Fuchs (1990) sobre la base de la estratigrafía de Cerro Sechín, confirmada y ampliada en su parte temprana por los descubrimientos en Sechín Bajo. Al mismo tiempo, el recuento sistemático categorizado de los datos revelará muchas lagunas en el registro arqueológico actual. El avance sociocultural de los habitantes del valle de Casma se expresa, más claramente, en su arquitectura monumental. Se da a conocer, primero, en el Periodo Sechín (3400-1650 a.C.), que forma parte del Arcaico Tardío y Final, seguido durante el Formativo Temprano —según los contextos cerámicos diagnósticos—, por los periodos Moxeke (1650-1400 a.C.) y Haldas (1400-1000 a.C. [calib.]). Dentro de este marco se tratará de evaluar, a la luz de las evidencias arqueológicas, algunos desarrollos sociopolíticos bosquejados por Shelia y Thomas Pozorski (2006) como si fuesen reales. La presencia de una arquitectura monumental de adobe que se remonta hacia 3400 a.C. (calib.) en el valle de Casma, hace recordar los desarrollos análogos del Neolítico Precerámico (Pre-Pottery Neolithic) del Cercano Oriente. Permanece pendiente el reto de estructurar una terminología conveniente para el Periodo Arcaico andino, de acuerdo con los nuevos descubrimientos (Kaulicke 1994; 2009: 17-18).

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43

Wong, Yee Sik. "The art of accompanying classical ballet technique classes." Diss., University of Iowa, 2011. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1192.

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Becker, Hilary Wills Terrenato Nicola. "Production, consumption and society in north Etruria during the archaic and classical periods the world of Lars Porsenna /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,1765.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Sep. 16, 2008). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Classics Classical Archaeology." Discipline: Classics; Department/School: Classics.

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45

Erickson, Brice Lindell. "Late archaic and classical Crete : island pottery styles in an age of historical transition, ca. 600--400 B.C. /." Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3004260.

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Fox, Peta Ann. "Heroes at the gates appeal and value in the Homeric epics from the archaic through the classical period." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002168.

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This thesis raises and explores questions concerning the popularity of the Homeric poems in ancient Greece. It asks why the Iliad and Odyssey held such continuing appeal among the Greeks of the Archaic and Classical age. Cultural products such as poetry cannot be separated from the sociopolitical conditions in which and for which they were originally composed and received. Working on the basis that the extent of Homer’s appeal was inspired and sustained by the peculiar and determining historical circumstances, I set out to explore the relation of the social, political and ethical conditions and values of Archaic and Classical Greece to those portrayed in the Homeric poems. The Greeks, at the time during which Homer was composing his poems, had begun to establish a new form of social organisation: the polis. By examining historical, literary and philosophical texts from the Archaic and Classical age, I explore the manner in which Greek society attempted to reorganise and reconstitute itself in a different way, developing original modes of social and political activity which the new needs and goals of their new social reality demanded. I then turn to examine Homer’s treatment of and response to this social context, and explore the various ways in which Homer was able to reinterpret and reinvent the inherited stories of adventure and warfare in order to compose poetry that not only looks back to the highly centralised and bureaucratic society of the Mycenaean world, but also looks forward, insistently so, to the urban reality of the present. I argue that Homer’s conflation of a remembered mythical age with the contemporary conditions and values of Archaic and Classical Greece aroused in his audiences a new perception and understanding of human existence in the altered sociopolitical conditions of the polis and, in so doing, ultimately contributed to the development of new ideas on the manner in which the Greeks could best live together in their new social world.

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Woodward, Robert. "An architectural investigation into the relationship between Doric temple architecture and identity in the archaic and classical periods." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/4185/.

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The predominant approach to the study of Doric temple architecture during the twentieth century has been the evolution model, which connects a temple’s design directly with its date of construction (Dinsmoor 1950; Lawrence 1996). Thus, the model allows temples to be dated to distinct decades, based upon their ‘key’ proportions, such as the length of the plan. B.A. Barletta’s (2011: 629) recent article entitled State of the Discipline: Greek Architecture discussed the need for constant reassessment of the proportions of Doric temples and their chronology, particularly in light of recent discoveries and new publications, suggesting that a reconsideration of the evolution model was now required. In the same article, Barletta (2011: 630) discussed the growing trend amongst classical archaeologists towards analysing the social role of temples. With the exception of the temple sculpture, which has generally been studied separately (Marconi 2007; Østby 2009; Maggidis 2009: 92-93), the move towards a social understanding of the temple has had little effect upon the study of the buildings’ designs. Although a number of studies have begun to investigate the role of architectural design in conveying meaning (Snodgrass 1986; Østby 2005), the studies are limited, both chronologically and geographically, by the constraints of the evolution model. Given the ‘mathematical’ image of classical architecture studies, and the subject’s “current lack of academic popularity” (Snodgrass 2007: 24), it is perhaps not surprising that a review of the evolution model and the social role of architectural design are long overdue. To this end, this study re-analyses the connection between date and design, demonstrating that a temple’s design was not entirely controlled by the date of its construction. Rather, temple design was affected by the sub-regional inter-group competition which was so prevalent in sanctuaries during the archaic and classical periods and the expression of identity on behalf of the different dedicatory groups.

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Olausson, Cajsa. "Att döda ett barn : Våld mot barn i grekiska mytologiska vasmotiv från arkaisk och klassisk tid." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Antikens kultur och samhällsliv, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-353017.

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The depiction of violence has always been and will always be a fascinating but horrifying subject. Violence shown on ancient vase paintings has been the subject of multiple authors’ works. This study analyzes the depiction of violence against children in mythological scenes on vases from the ancient world by analyzing and comparing 39 scenes where the subject is rendered and explores the question of what happens if the interpretation of the vase painting lays the focus on the child. This is done by examining how the children die, the iconography of their deaths and the traces of violence left on their bodies, their relationship to the perpetrators, the importance of the perpetrator and the spectators in the scenes, how the iconography relates to the myth as known from literary sources, as well as the chronological and geographical evolution of the motifs. The essay focuses on five mythological children, Troilos, Astyanax, the children of Medea and Opheltes, who all are the object of violence and early death in their respective myths and on vase paintings. The comparison between the vase paintings is divided into the scenes that depicts the children about to be killed and scenes showing the children as already dead. An account of the relationship between the children and the perpetrator as well as the perpetrators motive for killing the child and how their appearance in the scenes compare to each other is presented. The results of the comparisons are used in a discussion also including the ancient attitudes towards children and violence and if the children's deaths could be interpreted as human sacrifice. The study concludes that the interpretation of the role of the children in representations of violence is complex and that there are many aspects that affect the understanding of the vase paintings as a whole. Changing the focus to the child will not change the overall interpretation of the mythological motif, however, the innocence of the child will add more horror and gruesomeness to the overall impression of the vase painting.

Uppsatsens illustrationer har inte tagits med i den digitala versionen.

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Barfoed, Signe. "An archaic votive deposit from Nemea ritual behavior in a sacred landscape /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1265986264.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Cincinnati, 2009.
Advisor: Kathleen M. Lynch. Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Apr. 20, 2010). Includes abstract. Keywords: Nemea; Archaic Classical Pottery; Corinthian Pottery; Miniature votive pottery; Ritual behavior; Rural spring shrine. Includes bibliographical references.

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Paizi, Eirini. "Overseas Connections of Knossos and Crete in the Archaic and Classical Periods: A Reassessment Based on Imports from the Unexplored Mansion." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1571061518912931.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Archaic and classical Art'

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